高考英语一轮单项选择和阅读理解选练(1)高三全册英语试题

落堕市安心阳光实验学校广西桂林市2016高考英语一轮单项选择和阅读理解选练（10）
1. Poetry written from the of the urban youth tends to reveal their
anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A. perspective
B.priority
C.participation
D.privilege
答案 A [考查名词词义辨析。

句意:从城市青年的角度写的诗歌往往揭示他们因缺乏归属感而焦虑的现状。

A项“角度”;B项“优先考虑的事”;C项“参加”;D项“特权”。

根据句意可知选A项。

]
2. With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can
take a for the better.
A.share
B.chance
C.turn
D.lead
答案 C [考查名词的固定搭配。

句意:受到其他饮食文化的启发,饮食文化有望好转。

take a turn for the better为固定短语,意为“好转”。

]
3. Carbon dioxide, which makes a between us and the sun, prevents
heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A.difference
parison
C.connection
D.barrier
答案 D [考查名词词义辨析。

句意:二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间设置了屏障,使得热量无法轻易从大气层散发出去,结果地球变得更暖和了。

A项“不同,差别”;B项“比较”;C项“联系”;D项“障碍”。

根据句意可知
选D项。

]
4. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with .
A.curiosity
B.satisfaction
C.envy
D.patience
答案 D [考查名词辨析。

句意:无论我什么时候犯错误,老师都耐心地把它们指出来。

curiosity意思是“好奇”;satisfaction意思是“满
意”;envy意思是“羡慕,嫉妒”;patience意思是“耐心”。

根据句意,选D。

]
5. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from
others essential to their development.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
答案 A [考查主谓一致。

句意:一般说来,学生的内在动机和来自于他人的高期望值对他们的发展是必要的。

此处考查主谓一致中的就前原则,除了with外,还有together with, along with, as well as, but, except, rather than等。

根据就前原则,谓语动词的数应与inner motivation一致,因此使用单数形式,排除B项和D项。

然后根据generally确定使用一般现在时,因此答案为A。

]
6. As the world’s population continues to grow,the of food
becomes more and more of a concern.
A.worth
B.supply
C.package
D.list
答案 B [考查名词词义辨析。

句意:随着世界人口的持续增加,食物供应越来越受人们关注。

worth价值,用途;supply供应;package包裹;list,清单。

故选B。

]
7. The accident caused some to my car, but it’s nothing serious.
A.harm
B.injury
C.ruin
D.damage
答案 D [考查名词辨析。

句意:这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。

A项指各种伤害、危害。

常构成do harm to结构;B项指伤口,多指人体上的伤害;C项表示毁灭;D项多用于物品的损坏,是可以复原的。

故选D。

]
8. While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art.
A.way
B.relation
C.taste
D.habit
答案 C [考查名词辨析。

句意:在巴黎时,她对美术产生了兴趣。

way方法,道路;relation关系,亲戚;taste味道,品味,欣赏;habit习惯。

根据句意选C。

]
9． In order to protect the environment，people are greatly encouraged to travel by public_____.
A．transport B．service
C．means D．transfer
答案 A [句意：为了保护环境，人们被鼓励乘公交车。

transport“交通，运输”；public transport“公共交通”，是固定搭配；service“服务”；
means“方法，方式”；transfer“转移，调动”。

]
10．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.
A．consequence B．independence
C．competence D．intelligence
答案 C [句意：为了保持专业能力，老师们需要不断更新知识。

consequence“结果，后果”；independence“，自主”；competence“能力，技能”；intelligence“智力，智慧”。

]
11．There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A．tradition B．balance
C．concern D．relationship
答案 A [tradition“传统，惯例”；balance“天平，平衡”；concern“关心，挂念”；relationship“关系”。

句意：在我们办公室里有一个传统，有人过生日，他们就会拿蛋糕与众人分享。

根据句意A项正确。

] 12．Anyway，I can't cheat him—it's against all my ________.
A．emotions B．principles
C．regulations D．opinions
答案 B [emotion“情感”；principle“原理，原则”；regulation“管理，规则”；opinion“观点，看法”。

句意：无论如何，我不能欺骗他，那违背了我的处事原则。

故选B项。

]
13．The lack of eco­friendly habits among the public is thought to be
a major________of global climate change.
A．result B．cause
C．warning D．reflection
答案 B [result“结果”；cause“原因，理由”，常与介词of搭配，表示“……的原因”；warning“警告，警报，先兆”；reflection“反应，反射”。

由空前的“缺少生态环保的习惯”与空后的of global climate change可推知，此处应用cause表示“全球气候变化的原因”。

句意：公众缺少生态环保的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。

] 14．Giving up my job to go back to full­time education was a big ________，but now I know it was the best decision I have ever made.
A．project B．commitment
C．competition D．ambition
答案 B [本题考查名词辨析。

句意：放弃工作再回到全日制教育中去是一个很大的挑战，但是现在看来，那是我做出的最好的决定。

project“工程”；commitment“重担，义务”；competition“竞争”；ambition“野心”。

根据常识判断，一个不容易做的事情常被看作是一个挑战，一项难以完成的任务或一份重担。

故B项符合句意。

]
15．Have you heard the traffic________that happened in Yatai Street last week?
A．accident B．affair
C．incident D．event
答案 A [根据句意可知应选A项，traffic accident意为“交通事故”。

affair“事物，事件，私事”；incident“事件，事变”，用于表示突发事件或偶发事件；event“重要的事情，大事”。

]
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Have you got some paper, a pair of scissors and, above all, a desire to decorate your house? Then, we have the perfect holiday artwork for you: Make Star Wars snowflakes (雪花). Remembered as a cherished form of work in classrooms before the holidays, paper snowflakes have drawn many people's attention again.
The designer, Anthony Herrera, just recently released his 2013 collection. "The Star Wars snowflake designs began as just doing designs of characters that I and my daughter wanted to make three years ago," Herrera told us in an email. "The second year I introduced vehicles, and this year I decided to push further by designing battle scenes."
Sometimes, he feels a bit bored with his job. With each year, the designs have got more detailed and various, but the process of creating them remained the same: sketching figures on paper with a pencil until a symmetrical (对称）pattern comes out, then scanning the designs and
cut them with scissors. However, he says he has plenty of ideas for new flakes next year, so no two will ever be the same. Hopefully with Star Wars: Episode VII coming in 2015 he'll have even more work in the future.
Check out your favorite finished versions of Herrera’s flakes (from both 2013 and previous years) and download the pictures beneath them and then get down to creating your own work. A warning: Most designs aren't for the casual flake-maker, so patience you must have.
1. Making paper snowflakes draws many people's attention probably because ______.
A. it is a traditional form of decoration
B. it is a course of artwork in school
C. it is a way of killing time in holiday
D. it is designed by Anthony Herrera
2. From the text, we know that Herrera ______.
A. can make snowflakes with his daughter's help
B. made more complicated designs before 2013
C. introduced paper vehicles in 2011
D. will make a great variety of detailed paper flakes
3. Herrera is fed up with the job sometimes because ______
A. he has to design detailed and different patterns
B. he has to follow the fixed process of paper cutting
C. he spends much time designing, scanning and cutting
D. he has few ideas for what the next designs will be like
4. By writing the last paragraph, the author tries to ______.
A. offer us more information about Herrera’s paper cutting
B. tell us how to download picture of snowflakes
C. instruct people to be a real creative artist
D. remind us of being patient with Herrera’s designs
【参考答案】1—4、ADBC
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【2013】A
Work your brain!
Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder, it controls everything we say, do or think, who we are and what we care about, the way we walk or laugh or figure out things, what we like and the talents we possess, how we see and talk and run and jump and process our food.
The brain uses 20 percent of our body's oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein, fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells, it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don't die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange
juice or orange­flavored drinks.
Its complexity are stunning, far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished as possible we need to eat right, exercise and keep mentally stimulated.
Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age.
“It's very importan t that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active,” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart.
“People cannot stop aging, but you're able to reduce the damage; you're able to keep the function up.”
Following are Dr.Stewart's advice for improving brain health：
●Nutrition
Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言): For breakfast, eat like a king; for lunch, like a
queen; for supper, like a beggar.
●Exercise
Do a combination of stretching aerobic and muscle­strengthening every day.
●Mental games
Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better.
65. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.
A. inform us how the brain works
B. give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy
C. tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives
D. show how special the brain is to us
66. The word “stunning” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. interesting
B. strange
C. significant
D. amazing
67. According to the text，more exercise ______.
A. keeps our mind sharp
B. helps improve our memory
C. gives our brain a rest
D. is good for brain cells communicating with each other
68. In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoid ______.
A. eating a good lunch
B. doing puzzles
C. eating a large supper
D. taking aerobic exercise
【参考答案】65----68 BDBC
【由2014高考模拟题改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Leaders of the World Health Organization say they are concerned about the air quality and
health efiects on citizens during a recent outbreak of heavy pollution in Beijing．Still，they said they
were unsure of the exact amount the air pollution takes on any person’s body，casting doubts on
local reports tying the area’s dirty air to particular cases of illness．
Speaking at a briefing(情况介绍会)on Tuesday，the WHO’s Western Pacific regional director，
Shin Young—Soo，cited(列举)reports about poor air quality causing lung cancer in recent weeks.
“The WHO is skeptical of the information，”she said．“We’re cautious of whether the illness is related
to air po11ution. We know it has an impact on health，but we don’t know how much．”
The officials didn’t cite particular reports．The comments follow a number of articles since late
last year connecting some cases of diseases like lung cancer with pollution，．including one in
November regarding an 8-year-old girl．
The health impact of Beijing’s gray skies has been on the minds of many over the past week。

Local
authorities on Tuesday preserved an orange alert(警报)一the city’s second highest pollution-warning
level—and again warned people to stay indoors．Experts widely agree that small particulates(颗粒)
known as PM2.5 carry significant short-and long-term health risks，particularly with children．Other
studies find a certain link between pollution and shorter life spans。

Chinese state media have noted a rise in cancer levels in Beijing,without specifying(具体说明)
whether the new cases are the main result of pollution,smoking,other sources or some combination．
Bernhard Schwartlander，the organization’s China chief，said he is concerned and has been in
contact with national authorities．“There is no easy solution,”Dr. Schwartlainder said，adding that
solving the problem requires managing industry and the economy．WHO leaders advised citizens．to
stay indoors and limit exposure to the harmful particulates．When asked if wearing a face mask has
any proven efficacy in preventing health effects of air pollution，Dr. Schwartlainder said，“Whatever
you do，it’s better than nothing.”
1．We can learn from the passage that .
A．in case of an orange alert, we had better not go outside
B．the case of the girl with lung cancer was little’linked to air
pollution
C．cancer levels in Beijing are rising due to heavy air pollution D．it is widely agreed that pollution shortens life spans very slightly
2．According to Dr．Schwartlander，the ways to solve the problem include .
A．contacting the national authorities B．being exposed less to harmful particulates
C．managing the enterprise and economy D．preventing health effects of pollution
3．What would be the best title of this passage?
A．The dangers of heavy pollution
B．The impacts of pollution on health
C．The importance of protecting the environment
D．The uncertainty of relationship between pollution and health 【参考答案】1—3、ACD
【由2014高考模拟题改编】
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

"Can I get a light?" This question is among the most common between smokers. What if this question was to come from an unusual source? In April 2014, the National Health Promotion Foundation uploaded an anti-smoking advertisement onto YouTube. The anti-smoking ad has quickly been known as the "most powerful anti-smoking ad."
The anti-smoking video, called the "Smoking Kid," features children walking up to adult smokers asking for a light. The children in the ad are actors but the adults smoking are unsuspecting participants in the project.
The video begins with the statement "adults know that smoking is harmful, but don’t remind themselves of this fact " Once a "smoking kid" approaches the adults, every adult asked is shocked that a child with a cigarette in hand is asking for a light. The first adult starts by saying, "I’m not giving it to you," and the video goes on to state "every adult filmed said no and reminded the children that smoking is bad."
Before going away, the kid hands each adult a booklet after being turned down for a light. The booklet says, "You worry about me, but why not about yourself?" Each adult looks around for the child as their faces are filled with confusion and discomfort.
The video shows that a few of the smokers quickly threw away their cigarettes or put their cigarettes away, showing that this experiment was affective at that moment.
The most influential element in the ad isn't the use of children or the responses from the smoking adults. It comes down to something much simpler than that. Why is it that we worry about other people,
forgetting to worry about ourselves?
1. According to the text, the anti-smoking ad is ______.
A. unusual
B. shocking
C. influential
D. encouraging
2. The underlined word "unsuspecting" (in Para. 2) probably means ______
A. uninformed
B. unwilling
C. unfortunate
D. unacceptable
3. What are the adults，reactions to the children asking for a light?
A. They pay no attention to children's request.
B. They reject kids，request and educate them.
C. They look around for children's parents.
D. They quickly throw children's cigarettes away.
4. The best title of the text might be ______.
A. Give up smoking, for your own sake
B. Keep away from smoking, adults
C. Tell your children not to smoke
D. Reject a child asking for a light
【参考答案】1—4、CABA
【2014高考英语六校联考】
All across California, honeybees are flying away from their hives(蜂箱) and dying. Empty hives are causing a lot of worry about some important food crops.Bees give us a lot more than delicious honey. They are pollinators （授粉者）—they enable plants to produce the fruits and nuts we enjoy by carrying pollen from one plant or flower to the next. The wind pollinates oats, corn, and wheat, but many other plants (like apple and cherry trees and melon vines) depend on insects, bats, and birds. In the U.S., millions and millions of bees kept by human beekeepers fly around doing a lot of this important work for food crops. “Bees are worth protecting because their work adds so much to our diet,” says Dr. Jeff Pettis of the Bee Research Laboratory.
California’s almond (杏仁) crop alone depends on about half the bees in the country. But now the almond crop and many others could be in trouble with so many bees dying.
Researchers at government and university labs all over the country are trying to figure out why so many bees are dying. However, bees are hard to study. Most die away from the hive, so researchers don’t have dead bodies to examine. And when researchers return to a hive after two weeks, about half the bees they studied on their first visit will be dead, replaced by new ones in the natural life cycle of bees. “It isn’t like studying a large animal like a cow that doesn’t move around much and is easy to find out in the cow field,” says Pettis. Researchers have some ideas about what could be affecting bee health. They could be sick from poisons widely used to kill insects, or they
might not be getting enough good food to stay strong. Also, tiny insects called mites feed on bees. “A virus or bacteria could also be doing the killing.” explains Pettis.
72. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The wind helps pollinate.
B. Bees are important in food crops.
C. Bees give us a lot of delicious honey.
D. Cherry trees are pollinated by bees.
73. Bees are hard to study because ____________.
A. they move around too much
B. new bees soon replace all the bees studied by researchers
C. they are too tiny
D. they never return to hives
74. What could cause so many bees to die?
A. Poisons to kill birds.
B. Eating too much.
C. Large insects.
D. Some virus.
75. What can we learn from the article?
A. A large number of bees have died in the hive.
B. Without bees, some foods would disappear from our diet.
C. Only researchers in California want to know what kills bees.
D. Large animals are easier to study than tiny insects.
【参考答案】72~75 BADB。