Paraphrase (答案)

Lesson One
1. Everybody, except me, is born with the ability to think.
2. Y ou could hear the fresh air struggling with difficulty to find its way to his chest, because he was unaccustomed to this. (whichwas blocked in his chest and striving to get through it). He would stagger or be thrown off balance, and his face would go white because of the shock of the unexpected visit of fresh air. He would step away unsteadily to his desk and fell into the chair, unable to do anything for the rest of morning
3. On this occasion, it seemed that it was not his thought but his natural instinct that ruled him, which he was unable to resist.
4. T echnically speaking, it is about as incompetent as most businessmen's golf, as dishonest as most politicians' intentions, or as incoherent as most books that get written.”
5. They usually represent the great majority in agreement. We had better respect them instead of distaining them, because the number of them is much larger than us and we are surrounded by them.
6. It is probably human nature to enjoy agreement because it seems to bring peace, security, comfort, and harmony, which is the same nature that leads cows to graze in the same manner on the side of a hill. (or Man likes to be unanimous, it’s just the same as the cows, which like eating the grass …
7. The second contradiction I have detected is to hear that our Prime Minister mentioned to offer great benefit to India and meanwhile put independence-fighters like Nehru and Gandhi into prison. The third contradiction is to hear that American politicians talk about peace but refuse to join the association of nations to maintain world peace. It’s true that this may bring a short instance of pleasure.
8. I put my arm stealthily around her waist and said in low voice that if we were talking about the number of people who believe in certain kind of religion, I would bet on the Buddhists. She was frightened and fled away from me because of my delinquent behavior and our contradictory opinions on religion.
9. What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. I had still some very close friends supporting me as usual. But my
grade-one thinking frightened away many of my acquaintances, who took the girls similar to Ruth.(But my acquaintances, together with their girls, were frightened away by my grade-one thinking.) Lesson Three
1.For most students, they begin their study of history with a textbook in which there are a great number of names, dates and statistics for them to remember.
(or Most students often study history through remembering a large amount of names, dates and statistics in thick textbooks.)
2. History used to be an ordinary matter of memorizing “facts”, but now it turns to be an act of making the right choice out of many interpretations. Truth in history becomes a matter of personal likes
or dislikes.
3. They can only feel that absolutely opposed (or completely different) arguments about an event cannot both be right. However, it’s beyond their knowledge to decide which one should be right.
4. They will find out information about the “Zimmerman Note”, an order the German Foreign Secretary, Arthur Zimmerman, sent to his minister in Mexico, which instructed the minister to propose an alliance to the Mexican government, in case a war may break out. Mexico, with the German financial support, was to go to war against the U.S. and re-conquer her lost territories from New Mexico, Texas and Arizona, which the United States had taken from Mexico in the Mexican War.
5. Can we wipe out all the differences? We can (eliminate all disagreement) if our knowledge could give us a perfect model that completely explained human behavior. Unfortunately no such model has ever existed.
Lesson Lix
1. They are only based on tradition, or on somebody’s strong statement, but are not supported even by the least amount of proof.
2. But if they were exchanged when they were infants and brought up in different homes and under different influences, then the staunchest Roman Catholic would be the staunchest Presbyterian, and vice versa. This shows that our beliefs are largely influenced by our surroundings.
3. We can conclude based on all our knowledge of psychology, that each would have grown up having exactly the opposite beliefs to what they have now.
4. …we may still remember that in th e history of human development, there have been too many cases that the previous “obvious truths” were proved wrong when new knowledge and reason had been developed.
5. It took many scientists of greatest learning hundreds of years to struggle against the assumption that the planets moved in circles. The success of getting rid of that assumption is one of the miracles in human history.
6. Many modern people are hard to believe that for some time men had ever thought they were thinking with their hearts.
7. We hold and cling to some beliefs merely because it is in our interest to believe them. (or it brings benefit or advantage to us to do so.)But people who hold some beliefs through self-interest usually will not admit this.
8. Many people are unconsciously forced to hold a belief because he has become an important person in his group. (or a certain group of people)
Lesson Nine
1. But I may take the liberty of suggesting (or make bold to suggest) that you’ll find my idea of fun more interesting than Ivan’s? (So I guess you’d better choose to play the game with me.)
2. He nodded toward Ivan, who was standing in the corner of the room, whose chest was as big and thick as a barrel．
3. Y our brain will be competing with mine. Y our skill will be competing with mine. Y our strength and endurance will be competing with mine. It will be just like outdoor chess. And in the game our stakes are our precious lives.
4. He was on a small island surrounded by the sea. What he could do was restricted within the limit of the island.
5. He performed a series of complicated loops; He moved round and round, covering the same trail again and again so as to confuse his pursuer, remembering all the things he learned in fox hunt and the way the hunted fox tried to escape.
6. It made him tremble all over. (Or: A feeling of horror swept over him. )
7. He had had the same kind of experience in France, when he had
dug a hole just in time to save himself from death. However, that urgent moment seemed nothing compared with this time.
8. For Rainsford, a minute seemed as long as a year because he
was so frightened and anxious.
9. “Y our Burmese tiger pit has killed one of my best dogs.’’
10. “Rainsford can now sleep in this wonderful bed, and he is the
winner.” Rainsford came to a conclusion.。