于对区爱美学校高考英语二轮复习 科环保类阅读理解高三全册英语试题_02

于对区爱美学校科普环保类阅读理解（2）
2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类
Mosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. Regrettably，mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy(发痒的）wound. Some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases，including Dengue，yellow fever and malaria.
Over one million people worldwide die from these diseases each year. New research
now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite.
Mosquitoes need blood to survive. They are attracted to human skin and breath. They smell the carbon dioxide gas，which all mammals breathe out. This gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby.
But mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. Michael Dickinson is a professor at the California Institute of Technology. His research shows how these small insects，with even smaller brains，use three senses to find a blood meal.
Michael Dickinson’s team used plumes—a material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. They then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. The insects followed the plume.
Then，the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of
the tunnel. Mr. Dickinson said，at first，the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. “What was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. These are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel. But the moment they get a hit of CO2，they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual blobs (斑点）.”
This suggested to the researchers that a mosquito’s sense of smell is more important in the search for food. Once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal，they also follow visual signals.
【小题1】What do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets?
A．Sense of smell. B．Sense of touch.
C．Sense of sight. D．Smart brains.
【小题2】The first response of the mosquitoes to the objects in the experiment is . A．to fly to the dark ones
B．to catch and stick to them
C．to take no notice of them
D．to attach themselves to them
【小题3】How can we avoid being attacked by mosquitoes according to the text ?
A．Don’t let them see us.
B．Use dark objects to stop them.
C．Make them fly back and forth for hours.
D．Attract them to objects full of carbon dioxide gas.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A．How Do Mosquitoes Survive?
B．Why Do Mosquitoes Need Blood?
C．How Do Mosquitoes Choose to Bite You?
D．Why Do Mosquitoes Attack the Human Being?
2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类
The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two sources of heat used for cooking are natural gas or electric stoves. The World Health Organization(WHO) warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year.
Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook stoves in the home. WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple biomass(生物燃料）and coal stoves.
These findings show that the home use of poisonous fuels is to blame for many of these deaths. These fuels include wood, coal, animal w aste and so on. Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO’ s Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油）fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. “New technologies and clean fuels can rid people of this problem.”
The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of families in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.
Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.“There are already many technologies for clean fuels available now. An effective and reasonably low-cost ethanol(酒精）stove that is made by Dometic (a Sweden-based company)is now being tested out.
Another interesting development is electric induction stoves.” In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1.
【小题1】How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?
A．By making classifications. B．By listing numbers.
C．By following time order. D．By describing a process.
【小题2】According to Carlos Dora, what is the best solution to indoor air pollution? A．People should use an effective air cleaner.
B．People should use new technologies and clean fuels.
C．People should open a window or door to let out the harmful air.
D．People should prevent themselves from being exposed to harmful air..
【小题3】What can we learn from the passage?
A．Most of the deaths from indoor pollution are in developing countries.
B．Burning solid fuels can help limit indoor air pollution .
C．People can buy ethanol stoves made by Dometic in India.
D．There are already two technologies for clean fuels available for use.
【小题4】Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．The way we cook is changing.
B．Cause of indoor air pollution.
C．The development of electric stoves.
D．Indoor air pollution kills millions each year.
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

(2013·重庆，B)
One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained
from experience. This idea has inspired the awardwinning photographer Andrew Zuckerman. He interviewed and took photos of fifty oversixtyfiveyearolds all over the world.His project explores various aspects of their lives. The photos and interviews are now available on our website. Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.
Let us now have a culture of peace.
—Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Spain
Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy(药学)from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958. After many years spent in politics, he became DirectorGeneral of UNESCO in 1987. In 1999, he created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace, of which he is now the president. In addition to many scientific publications, he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.
Writing is a discovery.
—Nadine Gordimer, South Africa
Due to a weak heart, Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly. She read widely and began writing at an early age. She published her first short story at the age of fifteen, and has completed a large number of works, which have been translated into forty languages. In 1991, Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Jazz is about the only form of art today.
—Dave Brubeck, USA
Dave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942. After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz. In 1951, he recorded his first album (专辑). Brubeck's 1959 album has beco
me a jazz standard. He received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.
For more figures CLICK HERE.
文章大意：一代人可能传给下一代的就是他们在生活中获得的宝贵的人生经验，因此Andrew Zuckerman把50多岁的人选作他项目的主体。

本文通过几个例子让大家更好的了解这一项目。

5．Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?
A．Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.
B．Because they are physically impressive.
C．Because their accomplishments inspired him.
D．Because they have similar experiences.
答案：A 细节理解题。

由文章第一句话One of the greatest gifts one generation can give other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience可知，Andrew Zuckerman为他的项目选择50多岁的人是因为他们的人生经验值得一代代往下传。

故A项正确。

6．According to the web page, Federico Mayor Zaragoza ______.
A．has won many awards for his work in politics
B．has served as the president of a university
C．has devoted all his life to the field of science
D．has made achievements in different areas
答案：D 推理判断题。

由文章的第一则采访可知，Zaragoza在医学、政治、文化、科学、文学方面都有不凡的成就，因此D项正确。

7．Who most probably said “My education has been the library and books” in the interview when reflecting on his/her experience?
A．Andrew Zuckerman.
B．Federico Mayor Zaragoza.
C．Nadine Gordimer.
D．Dave Brubeck.
答案：C 推理判断题。

由上面几则采访可以看出，一生致力于写作的是Nadine Gordimer，故C项正确。

8．What is the main purpose of this web page?
A．To show Zuckerman's awards.
B．To publicize Zuckerman's project.
C．To spread the wisdom of the three people.
D．To celebrate the achievements of the three people.
答案：B 主旨大意题。

本文主要向读者介绍Andrew 的Zuckerman项目，然后举了其中几个例子，为的是让大家更多地了解他的项目，故B项正确。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

(2013·四川，D)
Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia (怀旧 ). It's fun to come home. It looks the same. It smells the same. You'll realize what's changed is you. Home is where we can remember pain, love, and some other experiences: We parted here; My parents met here; I won three
championships here.
If I close my eyes, I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home. I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glasstop wooden table. To the right of the living room is my first bedroom. It's empty, but it's where my earliest memories are.
There is the dining room table where I celebrated birthdays, and where I cried on Halloween—when I didn't want to wear the skirt my mother made for me. I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong. If I sit at the table, I can see my favorite room in the house, my parents' room. It is simple: a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side. Their bed is my safe zone. I can jump on it anytime—walking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.
I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists. It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property (住宅 ) on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles. It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.
Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home. I know it's where I'll find my family, my dogs, and my belongings. I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom. But I don't mind, because I want to hear her say my name, which reminds me I'm home.
文章大意：家是让人感觉到和平、安宁、安全、祥和的地方，是能够让人的心灵完全放松的地方。

9．Why does the author call her parents' be d her “safe zone” (Paragraph 3)?
A．It is her favorite place to play.
B．Her needs can be satisfied there.
C．Her grandparents' photos are lined on each side.
D．Her parents always play together with her there.
答案：B 细节理解题，由第三段I can jump on it anytime...until the morning可知，在她父母的床上，她可以随心所欲，需要可以得到满足。

10．What can be learned from the passage?
A．The old furniture is still in author's first bedroom.
B．The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles.
C．The author's favorite room in her first home is the dining room.
D．Many people of the author's age can still find their first physical homes.
答案：B 推理判断题，由文章第四段可知，作者位于洛杉矶的家还在，它曾经是作者生活、成长和学习的地方，她仍然可以前往拜访。

11．Sometimes when she feels lost, the author will ________.
A．open the window at night
B．lie down in bed to have a dream
C．try to bring back a sense of home
D．go to Los Angeles to visit her mom
答案：C 细节理解题，由文章第五段I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home...and my belongings 可知，此时，作者会躺下寻找一种家的感觉。

12．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To express how much she is attached to her home.
B．To declare how much she loves her first house.
C．To describe the state of her family.
D．To look back on her childhood.
答案：A 推理判断题，从全文作者对于家的陈述可知，从儿时到现在她一直依恋于家。