俄罗斯历史小百科亚历山大一世与拿破仑的恩怨情仇亚历山大一世与

俄罗斯历史小百科
亚历山大一世与拿破仑的恩怨情仇
亚历山大一世与拿破仑都是十九世纪初的显赫君主，二人的敌友关系，不但影响俄、法两国，更牵动着欧洲的局势。

一八零四年，拿破仑称帝并建立法兰西第一帝国，欧洲各国包括俄罗斯旋即组成反法同盟，并多次爆发激战。

至一八零七年，法、俄两国化敌为友，拿破仑与亚历山大一世在六月二十五日于涅曼河上签订《提尔西特条约》，拿破仑更送上一套手工精致的外游武器套装，以纪念两国结盟。

两国的「蜜月期」随着拿破仑在一八一二年入侵俄国而终结。

俄罗斯在亚历山大一世的带领下，藉焦土策略成功击退法军，赢得这场卫国战争。

及后，反法同盟在亚历山大一世的带领下重创法军，并在一八一四年三月底攻占巴黎，迫使拿破仑退位。

现正在香港历史博物馆举行的俄罗斯特展，除了拿破仑送赠亚历山大的武器套装外，亦有以征服巴黎为主题的纪念章，以及其他与这位被誉为欧洲救世主相关的展品，绝对不容错过！
Facts from Russian History
Friends and foes: Alexander I and Napoleon Bonaparte
Alexander I and Napoleon Bonaparte were two of the most powerful monarchs of the early 19th century, and their relationship, whether rivalry or friendship, had an impact not only on their countries of Russia and France, but also on the other nations on the European continent.
Napoleon had himself crowned Emperor of the French and established the First French Empire in 1804. Other European nations, including Russia, soon formed themselves into an alliance against France and waged war with it over much of the following decade. However, in 1807, the rivalry between Russia and France gave way to friendship when Napoleon and Alexander I signed the Treaties of Tilsit on 25 June on the Neman River. As a token of goodwill, Napoleon presented an exquisite travelling weapon set to Alexander as a gift to commemorate the alliance of the two countries.
The honeymoon period that the two countries subsequently enjoyed came to an abrupt end when Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812. Under Alexander’s leadership, Russia won the Patriotic War of 1812, successfully repelling the French army using a scorched earth policy. With Alexander at its head, the anti-French coalition inflicted heavy defeats on French forces and seized Paris in late March 1814, forcing Napoleon to abdicate.
The current special exhibition on Russia showcases the travelling weapon set presente d by Napoleon to Alexander, the ‘Conquest of Paris’ commemorative medal and several other exhibits relating to this Russian emperor who became known as the saviour of Europe. Don’t miss the chance to see these valuable objects on display at the Museum of History!
皇帝亚历山大一世在皇村的肖像画
Portrait of Emperor Alexander I at Tsarskoye Selo.
© The Tsarskoye Selo State Museum-Preserve
拿破仑·波拿巴
Napoleon Bonaparte.
拿破仑赠予亚历山大一世的武器套装
Travelling weapon set presented by Napoleon to Alexander I. © The Tsarskoye Selo State Museum-Preserve
征服巴黎纪念章
‘Conquest of Paris’ commemorative medal.
© The Tsarskoye Selo State Museum-Preserve。