2020-2021学年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试题及参考
答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.
1.Which bridge has the longest history?
A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.
B.Infinity Bridge.
C.Tower Bridge.
D.Iron Bridge.
2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A.People can just walk on it.
B.The public give it two names.
C.It's well worth visiting at night.
D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.
3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?
A.They are both over 120 years old.
B.Visitors should pay for passing them.
C.They have the same original design.
D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.
B
Babies who frequently communicate with their caregivers using eye contact and vocalisations(发声)at the age of one are more likely to develop greater languages skills by the time they reachtwo,according to new research.
In the study, researchers looked at 11-and 12-month-od babies' vocalisations. gestures and gaze behaviours ,and at how their caregivers responded to them.To measure he interactions ,the researchers videoed infants(婴儿)and caregiver at home,and asked them to play as usual.They took those recordings back to the university
The scientists then used statistical models to find that the best predictor of vocabulary at 24 months was when infants were seen to use vocalsatioms while looking at their caregiver's face when they were about a year old.The benefits were even greater when these interactions were followed by responses from the caregiver.
The statistics showed that at 19 months,children had an average of about 100 words.Those who exhibited the beneficial interactive behaviour earlier in life were seen to have an average of about 30 extra words.
"The message of this paper is thatitis the result of a joint effort; noticing what your child is attending to and talking to them about it will support their language development." said McGillion, a co-author of the work.
"The joy of this message is that that can happen in any context... across any part of your day.It's not something that requires special equipment or even lots of time.I can happen when you're doing the laundry,for example—when you're taking out the socks, you can talk about socks...in the park, in the car, at mealtimes,at bathtimes.This finding can be used in any context,"added McGillion.
"This is a developmental snapshot in the first year of life, but children are constantly growing and changing and so are their behaviours. It would be interesting to look at these sorts of behaviours again as children progress through the second year of life to see what's happening there,"said Donnellan,the lead author on the study.
4. How did the researchers get the findings?
A. By interacting with babies.
B. By asking babies to vocalize.
C. By analyzing relevant recordings.
D. By referring to the previous statistics.
5. What does he underlined word "it"in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Infants' eye contact.
B. Infants' larger vocabulary.
C. The response from caregivers.
D. The best predictor of vocabulary.
6. What did McGilion say about infants' interactive behaviour?
A. I's easy to perform.
B. It's complex to understand.
C. It's difficult to copy.
D. It's interesting to video.
7. What might further studies be on?
A. Children's academic progress.
B. Children's growing environment.
C. Children's potential physical development.
D. Children's behaviours across more age ranges.
C
We all know that a healthy lifemeans getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep. While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, it's the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study — it could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.
“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke, and cancer,” says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia.
Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring and daytime sleepiness.
Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.
In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity.
For now it's not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes. It could be that the increased activity iscounteractinginflammation (炎症), or reducing irregularities in glucose metabolism, suggest the researchers.
“Considering that physical activity is perhaps more modifiable than sleep, our study offers people more health incentives to be physically active.” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney.
8. This research is of particular interest in that ________.
A. it’s in this study that exercise is known to be beneficial to sleep.
B. this study offers people more health treatments to be physical active.
C. it could enable doctors to cure patients of their sleeping condition.
D. the relationship between exercise and sleep is updated in this study.
9. Which of the following statements istrueaccording to the passage?
A. Those who had the poorest sleep quality were most at risk of death from heart disease.
B. Those scoring lowest on sleep and exercise scale were more likely to die from cancer.
C. There’s no risk of cancer for those who didn't sleep well but did score well on physical activity.
D. It's evident that in terms of health more exercise could make up for poor sleep.
10. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. interacting
B. increasing
C. preventing
D. causing
11. Where can this passage most probably be taken from?
A. A research findings report
B. A medical examination report
C. A poor sleep study report
D. A physical activity study report
D
Following the Famous Silk Roads
The Silk Roads were a networkof ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to theMediterranean. A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor（走廊）, whichstretchesover a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application.
The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network isXi’an, inShanxiProvince. Further west on the Silk Roads, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through theTianshanMountainsand emerge in the valleys ofCentral Asia. Although the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches theMediterranean.
The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an toCentral Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as theRoman Empire.
Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk. They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods. The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.China’s exports included silk, porcelain, ironware and tea, while horses, jewellery, spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.
In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced toChinafromIndiaandArabia; important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West.
All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods,knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage.
12. The key section of the Silk Roads is________.
A. the Mediterranean
B. Xi’an, inShanxiProvince
C.KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan
D. the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor
13. The underlined word “stretches” in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to________.
A. stands
B. spreads
C. moves
D. flies
14. Zhang Qian travelled from Chang’an toCentral Asiato________.
A. export silk, porcelain, ironware and tea
B. purchase horses, jewellery, spices and grapes
C. seek help from the most powerful western countries
D. build bridges between his country and other countries
15. What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage?
A. It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.
B. It was recognized by the UNESCO asChina’s heritage.
C. It speeded up the development of the countries involved.
D. It started a trade competition between countries along the way.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Being a teenager can be difficult, since you're dealing with higher expectations and the process of finding your place in the world.___16___The following are things you can do to achieve that!
___17___Everyone is different in their teenage years. Some teens prefer to spend time with friends, while others prefer to study and work; some prefer to be quiet wallflowers, while others are loud. Saying that there's only one way to enjoy your teenage years is wrong.
Develop your sense of self, focusing more on your own thoughts.____18____Stop paying so much attention to them as many of them are based on what other people think, instead of what you think. Go ahead and do what you want, without factoring others' opinions.
Work on your work ethic（职业道德）.What you accomplish in your teen years may determine your opportunities in your adulthood, so dedicate some time to studying and do your best. Learn how to prioritize, whether it's with school work, orany extracurricular activities. Boost your studying skills.____19____ Keep good relations with your family as much as possible.____20____It's the building blocks for ail relationships you develop, whether they're friendships, romantic relationships, or a family you choose to have later on in life. And plus, you see them every day — why not make it nice to spend time with them?
A. Avoid rushing to figure out who you are.
B. For lots of people, the teenage years are full of worries.
C. But that doesn't mean you can't enjoy the teen years.
D. Family is one of the most important connections in your life.
E. It may not seem enjoyable, but it's helpful later on in life.
F. Understand that there's no one set-in-stone way to enjoy your teenager years.
G. Being a teenager is not necessarily any easier or more difficult than other life stages.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
完形填空(共20小题;每小题21.5分,满分30分)
As I head down the narrow hallway of my high school, my ears are filled with the sounds of complaints. The___21___around me are constantly complaining about school. These complaints fill the___22___and make it hard to breathe. I try to mention the___23___side of our current situation in high school but meet with criticism. The feeling of___24___school has become widespread among students worldwide. This can create a___25___educational environment. In my opinion, school is and should be fun.
I don’t___26___to enter such a negative environment. We should enjoy school! As students, we are so___27___to have the opportunity to attend school___28___millions of children around the world still do not have that opportunity. We should feel grateful that we are given the___29___to learn. School allows us to____30____some of the most interesting topics from science to foreign languages. High school allows students to find their____31____whether they are physics or European history.____32____, school has allowed me to find my love for debate, history, English and computers. High school has shaped me into a person of____33____interests and ambitions, even though I must____34____at 6 o’clock in the morning.
As students, we should____35____all the wonderful opportunities we are given in school____36____social events, meeting new friends, and learning. I have met so many____37____people in school. There is so much to be____38____in school.
Lighten up and find the positive aspects of school.____39____school and everything it has____40____.
22. A. teachers B. students C. parents D. friends
23. A. ear B. room C. water D. air
24. A. special B. successful C. bright D. lively
25. A. hating B. improving C. replacing D. ignoring
26. A. specific B. frightening C. strange D. negative
27. A. plan B. adopt C. want D. need
28. A. lucky B. brave C. allergic D. healthy
29. A. when B. while C. because D. though
30. A. time B. reason C. money D. chance
31. A. learn B. remember C. predict D. consider
32. A. lectures B. concerns C. interests D. instructions
33. A. Instantly B. Personally C. Formally D. Basically
34. A. conventional B. perfect C. lifelong D. various
35. A. wake up B. give up C. slow down D. calm down
36. A. create B. classify C. recognize D. allow
37. A. besides B. including C. among D. regarding
38. A. honest B. abstract C. delicate D. outstanding
39. A. careful about B. curious about C. grateful for D. ready for
40. A. Protect B. Enjoy C. Respect D. Examine
41. A. offered B. promised C. gained D. possessed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Chinese Internet giant Tencent will lauch a new mobile game under a deal with the management of the historic site, Beijing's Forbidden City-the Palace Museum.
Last month, a three-year strategic cooperation agreement____41.____(sign) by the two sides to carry out a campaign involving social media platforms and entertainment. According to the agreement, Tencent will launch a new version of the most popular video mobile game, with the new version____42.____(theme) around Beijing’s Forbidden City. It is said____43.____the game, a Chinese hit,____44.____(be) similar to Candy Crush. Tencent said it would also encourage____45.____(it) game developers to come up with ideas for____46.____(many) games based on the same theme. Another promotion will invite social media users to come up with____47.____(strike) designs inspired by the attraction.
Pony Ma founder and CEO of Tencent, said at a press conference that his company hopes to energize and revitalize(复兴)traditional culture through new media. The partnership would make use of the Internet and new technology, to develop____48.____love of traditional Chinese culture,____49.____particular, among young people.
The cooperation was charitable-both sides made a_____50._____（commit) that neither will collect any
profits from this campaign.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Thank you for your letter. I'm delighting that you will come to China to learn Chinese paper-cutting, it is one of Chinese traditional folk arts. Paper-cutting, with the history of more than 1, 500 years，is so much amazing that it never fails to attract foreigners. Craftsmen can cut different shapes by only use scissors or knives, making attractive but difficult for people to master the skills. I have started to learn it when I was seven, so you can turn to me with help. I'm surely you'll have a good time. See you sooner.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Fortune Cookie Friends
Jenny frowned (皱眉)as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days.
“Moving here was a dumb idea," Jenny complained mostly to herself
"What's that?” Her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots.
"Nothing," Jenny mumbled（咕哝）.The girl had been angry about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints.
The first few days at her new school hadn't been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn't know, and it seemed like the students hadn't even noticed her. Jenny sighed and got back to washing dishes.
On the day of the grand opening, Jenny's parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Jenny was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family.
At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Jenny's age. As she filled their glasses,
Jenny realized the twins were in her class. Jenny ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table.
Jenny's mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher.
"Honey, what are you doing back here? We need you out front with the customers."
"Mom, I don't want to be out there. There are kids from school!"
"So?" her mother asked. "That's good! Go to take them some fortune cookies and say hello!" She said to Jenny, pointing at the fortune cookies paper which read: “Many friends are found with a single 注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右：
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Jenny absently read the fortune cookie paper.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________
She placed the cookies down, and bravely looked the girls in the eyes.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. D
21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32.
B 33. D 34. A 35.
C 36. B 37.
D 38. C 39. B 40. A
41. was signed
42. themed 43. that
44. is 45. its
46. more 47. striking 48. a 49. in
50. commitment
51.(1).delighting→delighted
(2).it→which
(3).the→a
(4).将much去掉
(5).use→using
(6).在making后加it
(7).when→since
(8).with→for
(9).surely→sure
(10).sooner→soon
52.略。