The new record holder for the most iron-poor star HE 1327-2326, a dwarf or subgiant with [F

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博尔特英文介绍

The record breaker (2)
• on 31 May 2023, Bolt ran 9.72 (+1.7 m/s), establishing a new world record in the 100 m at the Reebok Grand Prix in New York, breaking the 9.74-second record of Powell
past students of William Knibb.
The record breaker (1)
• In 2023 Bolt ran the 200 m in 19.93 seconds, becoming the first junior to break the 20-second mark; breaking Lorenzo Daniel's world junior record.
• On the 13 July 2023 in Athens, Greece Usain once again broke the 200 m national record by running 19.67.
• As the new 100m world record holder,Bolt won the Olympic 100 m final in 9.69 (+0.0 m/s), far ahead of second place finisher Richard Thompson (who finished in 9.89), and shattering his own world record on 16 August 2023,andamazingly he appeared to slow down and celebrate near the finish line after realizing he had secured the gold medal..

精忠报国

精忠报国
— —岳飞传奇
Yue fei introduction（岳飞简介）
• 岳飞（1103~1142）字鹏举，汉族。北宋相州汤阴县永和乡孝悌里（今河南省安阳市汤阴县菜园镇程岗村）人。中国历史上著名战略家、军事家、民族英雄、抗金名将。岳飞统帅、连结河朔之谋的缔造者。同时又是两宋以来最年轻的建节封侯者。南宋中兴四将（岳飞、韩世忠、张俊、刘光世）之首。
That's all. Thank you !
孙中山评价岳飞：
岳飞魂，是中华民族的精神代表，也就是民族魂。 • Y u e fe i s o u l, is th e s p irit o f th e C h in e s e n a tio n re p re s e n ta tiv e , a ls o is M in Z u H u n .
• •
文天祥评价岳飞：岳先生，我宋之吕尚也。建功树绩，载在史册，千百世后，如见其生。至于笔法，若云鹤游天，群鸿戏海，尤足见干城之选，而兼文学之长，当吾世谁能及之。
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M r Y u e , I o f th e so n g d y n a s ty is a ls o co m e s . B u ild in g tre e p e rfo rm a n c e , lo a d in th e h is to ry b o o k s , o n fro m g e n e ra tio n to g e n e ra tio n , su c h a s se e its to g iv e b irth . A s fo r th e w ritin g sty le , if Ja m e s t. c. n a w a s sw im d a y , th e se a o f p la y , e s p e c ia lly it se rv e s to sh o w G a n C h e n g ch o ic e , a n d th e le n g th o f lite ra tu re , w h e n m y

2008年6月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案

2008年6月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案Part Ⅰ(30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1 For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.What will the world be like in fifty years?This week some top scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, gave their vision of how the world will look in 2056,fron gas-powered cars to extraordinary health advances, John Ingham reports on what the world‟s finest minds believe our futures will be.For those of us lucky enough to live that long,2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is a remote memory and robots become our companions.We will be rubbing shoulders with aliens and colonizing outer space. Better still, our descendants might at last live in a world at peace with itself.The prediction is that we will have found a source of inexbaustible, safe, green energy, and that science will have killed off religion. If they are right we will have removed two of the main causes of war-our dependence on oil and religious prejudice.Will we really, as today‟s scientists claim, be able to live for ever or at least cheat the ageing process so that the average person lives to 150?Of course, all these predictions come with a scientific health warning. Harvard professor Steven Pinker sa ys: “This is an invitation to look foolish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 year ago.”Living longerAnthony Atala, director of the Wake Forest Institute in North Carolina, belives failing organs will be repaired by injecting cells into the body. They will naturally to straight to the injury and help heal it. A system of injections without needles could also slow the ageing process by using the same process to “tune” cells.Bruce Lahn, professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago, anticipates the ability to produce“unlimited supplies” of transplantable human organs without the needed a new organ, such as kidney, the surgeon would contact a commercial organ producer, give him the patien t‟s immuno-logical profile and would then be sent a kidney with the correct tissue type.These organs would be entirely composed of human cells, grown by introducing them into animal hosts, and alloweing them to deveoop into and organ in place of the anima l‟s own. But Prof. Lahn believes that farmed brains would be “off limits”.He says: “Very few people would want to have their brains replaced by someone else‟s and we probably don‟t want to put a human brain ing an animal body.”Richard Miller, a professor at the University of Michigan, thinks scientist could develop“an thentic anti-ageing drugs” by working out how cells in larger animals such as whales and human resist many forms of injuries. He says:“It‟s is now routine, in laboratory mammals, to extend lifespan by about 40%. Turning on the same protective systems in people should, by 2056, create the first class of 100-year-olds who are as vigorous and productive as today‟s people in their 60s”AliensConlin Pillinger ,professor of planerary sciences at th e Open University,says:”I fancy that at least we will be able to show that life didi start to evolve on Mars well as Earth.”Within50years he hopes scientists will prove that alien life came here in Martian meteorites(陨石). Chris McKay,a planetary scientist at NASA‟s Ames Research Center.believes that in 50 years we may find evidence of alien life in ancient permanent forst of Mars or on other planers. He adds:”There is even a chance we will find alien life forms here on Earth.It mightbe as different as English is to Chinese.Priceton professor Freeman Dyson thinks it “likely” that life form outer space will be discovered defore 2056 because the tools for finding it, such as optical and radio detection and data processing,are improving.He ays:”As soon as the first evidence is found,we will know what to look for and additional discoveries are likely to follow quickly.Such discoveries are likely to have revolutionary consequences for biology, astronomy and philosophy. They may change the way we look at ourselves and our place in the universe.Colonies in spaceRichard Gottprofessor of astrophysics at Princeton,hopes man will set up a self-sufficient colony on Mars,which would be a “life insurance policy against whatever catastrophes,natural or otherwise,might occur on Earth.“The real space race is whether we will colonise off Earth on to other worlds before money for the space programme runs out.”Spinal injuriesEllen Heber-Katz,a professor at the Wistar Institude in Philadelphia,foresees cures for inijuries causing paralysis such as the one that afflicated Superman star Christopher Reeve. She says:”I believe that the day is not far off when we will be able to profescribe drugs that cause severes(断裂的) spinal cords to heal,hearts to regenerate and lost limbs to regrow.“People will come to expect that injured or diseased organs are meant to be repaired from within,inmuch the same way that we fix an appliance or automobile:by replancing the damaged part with a manufacturer-certified new part.”She predict that withi n 5 to 10 years fingers and toes will be regrown and limbs will start to be regrown a few years later. Reparies to the nervous system will start with optic nerves and,in time,the spinal cord.”Within 50years whole body replacement will be routine,”Prof.Hebe r-Katz adds.ObesitySydney Brenner,senior distinguished fellow of the Crick-Jacobs Center in California,won the 2002 Noblel Prize for Medicine and says that if there is a global disaster some humans will survive-and evolition will favour small people with bodies large enough to support the required amount of brain power.”Obesity,”he says.”will have been solved.”RobotsRodney Brooks,professor of robotice at MIT,says the problems of developing artificial intelligence for robots will be at least partly overc ome.As a result,”the possibilities for robots working with people will open up immensely”EnergyBill Joy,green technology expert in Califomia,says:”The most significant breakthrought would be to have an inexhaustible source of safe,green energy that is substantially cheaper than any existing energy source.”Ideally,such a source would be safe in that it could not be made into weapons and would not make hazardous or toxic waste or carbon dioxide,the main greenhouse gas blamed for global warming.SocietyGe offrey Miller,evolutionary psychologist at the University of New Mexico,says:”The US will follow the UKin realizing that religion is nor a prerequisite (前提)for ordinary human decency. “This,science will kill religion-not by reason challenging faith but by offering a more practical,uniwersal and rewarding moral frameworkfor human interaction.”He also predicts that “ahsurdly wasteful”displays of wealth will become umfashionable while the importance of close-knit communities and families will become clearer.These there changer,he says,will help make us all”brighe\ter,wiser,happier and kinder”.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

有关世界吉尼斯纪录的英语作文

Breaking Barriers: The World of GuinnessWorld RecordsGuinness World Records is a compilation of the most exceptional, unique, and outstanding achievements from around the globe. It is a testament to human ingenuity, resilience, and the boundless possibilities of what we can accomplish when we push the limits of what is considered possible. From the tallest buildings to the deepest underwater dives, from the fastest land speeds to the longest piano performances, Guinness World Records chronicles the extraordinary feats of individuals and teams who have broken barriers and set new standards.One of the most fascinating aspects of Guinness World Records is the diverse range of categories it covers. It includes not only the obvious categories like sports and science, but also the more unique and quirky ones like the largest collection of shoelaces or the longest beard. This diversity showcases the breadth of human creativity and the infinite ways we can express ourselves.The records themselves are a testament to human determination and perseverance. They represent theculmination of years of training, practice, and dedicationto a craft or skill. Be it a runner training for a marathon, a weightlifter pushing their limits in the gym, or anartist creating a masterpiece, each record holder has putin the hard work and dedication required to achieve their goal.Moreover, Guinness World Records is not just about breaking records; it's also about inspiring others. The stories behind each record holder are an inspiration to us all, showing us that with enough hard work and dedication, we can achieve anything we set our minds to. They serve asa reminder that we should never be satisfied with what we have achieved and that there is always room for improvement and growth.In conclusion, Guinness World Records is a celebrationof human achievement and potential. It reminds us that we are capable of achieving remarkable things when we set our sights high and are willing to push our boundaries. As we look towards the future, I am excited to see what new records will be broken and what new categories will emergeto showcase the best of what humankind can accomplish.**打破界限：吉尼斯世界纪录的世界**吉尼斯世界纪录汇集了全球最独特、最杰出和最出色的成就。

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析

2011年考研英语一试题及参考答案SectionⅠ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily ex ercise precious to health.” But _____some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does _____short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ____ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to ____, a good laugh is unlikely to have _____ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.____, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the ____, studies dati ng back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter. muscles,Such bodily reaction might conceivably help____the effects of psychological stress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ______feedback,that improve an individual’s emotional state. ______one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted _______ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ______they are sad but they become sad when te tears begin to flow.Although sadness also _______ tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow _____ muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz.1. [A] among [B] except [C]despite [D] like2. [A] reflect [B]demend [C]indicate [D]produce3. [A] stabilizing [B] boosting [C] impairing [D] determining4. [A] transmit [B]sustain [C] evaluate [D] observe5. [A] measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable6. [A] In turn [B] In fact [C] In addition [D] In brief7. [A] opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D] expected8. [A] hardens [B] weakens [C] tightens [D]relaxes9. [A] aggravate [B] generate [C] morderate [D] enhance10. [A] physical [B] mental [C] subcinscious [D]intermal11. [A] Except for [B] According to [C] Due to [D] As for12. [A] with [B] on [C] in [D]at13. [A] unless [B] until [C] if [D] because14. [A] exhausts [B] follows [C] precedes [D] supresses15. [A] into [B]form [C] towards [D] beyond16. [A] fecth [B] form [C] pick [D] hold17. [A] disappointed [B] excited [C] joyful [D] indifferent18. [A] adapted [B] catered [C] turned [D] reacted19. [A] suggesting [B] requiring [C] mentioning [D] supposing20. [A] Eventually [B] Consequently [C] Similatly [D] ConverselySectionⅡ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Reading the following fours texts. Answer the question below each text by Choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D]. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points) Text 1The decision of the New York philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least “Hooray! A t last!” wrote Anthony Tommasin i, a sober-sided classical-music criticOne of the reason why the appiontment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilber is commparatively little known Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’sappointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that semms likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint prwise For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, be performs an impressive variety of interesting composition, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer amd download still more recorded music form iTumesDevoted concertgoers who reply that recording are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes , theeater companies, and museums, but also with the recorsed performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recording are cheap, available everwhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s choosing. The widespread availabilyty of such recording has thus brought about a ctisis in the institution of the traditional classical councertOne possible reponse is for classical performers to program attravtive new music that is not yet available on recors. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross , a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Phiharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely, expanding the orchestra’s repertorre will not be enough. If Gilbert and thr Philharmonic are to s ucceed, they must first change the relationship between America’a olderest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21.We learn from Para 1 that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incured criticism[B]raised suspicion[C]raceived acclaim[D]around curiousity22.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential[B]modest[C]respectable[D]talented23. The auther believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ingore the expense of live performance[B]reject most kinds of recorded performance[C]exaggerate the variety of live performanc[D]overestimate the variety of live performance24.According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often interror to live concerts in quality[B]They are easily accessible to the genral public[C]They help improve the quality of music[D]They have only convered masterpieces25.Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalixing the Philharmonic, the authir feels[A]doubtful[B]enthusisastic[C]confident[D]puzzledText 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August,his expanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving to presue my goal of running a company, broadcasting his ambition "was very much my decision," McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.MaGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to refect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside worldabout his aspirations. And McGee isn't alone. In recent weeks the NO.2 executives Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEo turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Krn Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey, "I can't think of a single search I've done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first."Those who jumped without a job haven't always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commoditied exchange. Robert Willumstad left CItigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institurion three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad on. "The traditional rule was it's safer to stay where you are, bu that's been fundamentally inverted," says one headhunter. "The people who've been hurt the worst are those who've stayed too long"26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being( )A. ArrogantB. frankC. self-centeredD. impulsive27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives quitting may be spurred by ( )A. their expectation of better financial statusB. their need to reflect on their private lifeC. their strained relations with the boardsD. their pursuit of new career goals28. The word "poached" (Line3, Paragraph 4) most probably means ( )A. approved ofB. attended toC.hunted forD. guarded against29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ( )A. top performers used to cling to their postsB. loyalty of top performers is getting out-datedC. top performers care more about reputationsD. it's safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. CEOs: where to GO?B. CEOs: All the Way Up?C. Top managers Jump without a NetD. The Only way out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid " media-such as television commercials and print advertisements-still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Webe site. The way consumenrs now approatch the board range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paind and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiators for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media-for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We difine such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong tha other organization palce their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.Thies trend, which we believe is still in its infance, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further John& JOhnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign become hostage to consumers,other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesse that originally created them.If that happends, passinate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly sites such as Twitter and the social-news sit Digg.31. Consumers may creat "earned" media when they are ( )A. obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sitesB. inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to themC. eager to help their friends promote quality productsD. enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products32. According to Paragraph 2, sold media feature ( )A. a safe business environmentB. random competitionC. Strong user trafficD. flexibility in organization33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media ( )A. invite constant conflicts with passinate consumersB. can be used to produce negative effects in marketingC. may be responsible for fiercer competitionD. deserve all the getative comments about them34. Toyota Motor's experience is cited as an example of ( )A. responding effectively to hijacked mediaB. persuading customers into boycotting productsC. cooperating with supportive consumersD. taking advantage of hijacked media35. Which of the following is the text mainly about?A. Alternatives to conventional paid mediaB. Conflict between hijacked and earned mediaC. Dominance of hijacked mediaD. Popularity of owned mediaText 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness, instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardlythe only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive-and newly single-mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, o sot any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then , to compare the regrets of parent to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course the image of parenthood that celebrity magazine like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.”It’s hard to im agine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A] temporary delight.[B] enjoyment in progress.[C] happiness in retrospect.[D] lasting reward.37. We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A] celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B] single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C] news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D] having children is highly valued by the public.38. It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folk.[A] are constantly exposed to criticism.[B] are largely ignored by the media.[C] fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D] are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39. According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A] soothing.[B] ambiguous.[C] compensatory.[D] misleading.40. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B] Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C] Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D] We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize those paragraph into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraph E and C have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students inEnglish drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of sytle:22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”, they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English department awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to du something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-art degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation top American universities have professionalized the professor. The growth on public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969 a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalization, argues Mr. Menand, is that “the knowledge a nd skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible butnot transferable.” So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr. Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.” Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticize. “Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.” Yet quite how that happens, Mr. Menand dose not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book The marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.。

2011年考研英语一真题阅读（古典音乐）解析

原⽂： The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response has been favorable， to say the least. “Hooray！ At last！” wrote Anthony Tommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini， who had advocated Gilbert‘s appointment in the Times， calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall， or anywhere else，to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the art-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses，dance troupes， theater companies， and museums， but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances； moreover， they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert‘s own interest in new music has been widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different， more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between America‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract. 译⽂：纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert作为下⼀任的⾳乐总监，这从2009年任命被宣布之⽇起就在古典⾳乐界引起了热议。

高中英语真题-Lesson73Therecord-holder纪录保持者

高中英语真题:Lesson73Therecord-holder纪录保持者Read the passage and then answer the question.阅读短文，然后回答以下问题。

Did the boy go where he wanted to?Children who play truant from school areunimaginative.A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinem a seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far a s they get. They have all been put to shame by a boy who, wh ile playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles.He hitchhiked to and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to . No one noticed the boy as he crept off .From there, he hitchhiked to in a lorry. The driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left hi m just outside the city. The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the center of Paris as he hoped it would, but to on the French-Spanish border. There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to by the local authorities. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of evading school.New words and expressions生词和短语record-holder 纪录保持者 meantime n.其间truant n.逃学的孩子 lorry n.卡车unimaginative adj.缺乏想像力的 border n.边界shame n.惭愧，羞耻 evade v.逃避，逃离hitchhike v.搭便车旅行Notes on the text课文注释1 play truant from school,逃学，也可以说play truant。

打破世界纪录的作文素材摘抄

打破世界纪录的作文素材摘抄英文回答：Breaking a world record is a remarkable achievementthat requires exceptional skill, determination, and perseverance. It is a testament to human potential and the constant desire to push the boundaries of what is possible. There have been numerous instances where individuals or teams have managed to break world records, leaving alasting impact on the world.One notable example is Usain Bolt, the Jamaicansprinter who holds the world record for the fastest 100-meter and 200-meter dash. His incredible speed and athleticism allowed him to achieve a time of 9.58 seconds in the 100-meter dash and 19.19 seconds in the 200-meter dash. Bolt's record-breaking performances not onlysolidified his status as the fastest man in the world but also captivated audiences worldwide.Another record-breaking feat that stands out is the longest distance swum underwater. In 2016, the Italian swimmer, Nicola Sautto, swam a distance of 250 meters underwater without coming up for air. This incredible display of breath control and physical endurance amazed both the swimming community and the general public.Furthermore, the world record for the highest freefall parachute jump is held by Felix Baumgartner. In 2012, Baumgartner jumped from a height of 39 kilometers above the Earth's surface, breaking the sound barrier during his descent. This daring feat required meticulous planning, advanced technology, and nerves of steel.中文回答：打破世界纪录是一项卓越的成就，需要出色的技能、决心和毅力。

书店是最好的地方英语作文

In the digital age where information is just a click away, the allure of bookstores might seem to have faded. However, for me, a high school student deeply immersed in the world of literature and knowledge, bookstores remain the best places to be. They are sanctuaries where the whispers of pages turn into a symphony of ideas, a place where the scent of ink and paper stirs the soul.My love affair with bookstores began at a young age when my mother would take me to the local bookstore every weekend. The moment we stepped through the threshold, I was greeted by the familiar smell of books, a scent that has become synonymous with comfort and learning for me. Rows upon rows of shelves, each holding stories, knowledge, and dreams, stretched out before me like an invitation to explore the unknown.One of the most enchanting aspects of bookstores is their ability to transport you to different worlds. I remember the first time I picked up Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone. As I delved into the pages, I was instantly transported to the magical world of Hogwarts. The detailed descriptions of the castle, the characters, and the spells woven a spell of their own, making me feel as if I was part of the story. This immersive experience is something that no digital platform can replicate.Bookstores are also places of serendipity. While browsing the shelves, I often stumble upon books that I never knew I needed. One such instance was when I discovered A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking. The book opened my eyes to the wonders of the universe and sparked my interest in astrophysics. Its these unexpected encounters that makebookstores so special.Moreover, bookstores are communities. They are places where likeminded individuals gather to share their love for books. I have made some of my closest friends in bookstores, friends who share my passion for literature and knowledge. We would spend hours discussing our favorite books, authors, and ideas. These conversations have not only broadened my perspective but have also enriched my understanding of the world.In addition to the social aspect, bookstores are also spaces for personal growth. The quiet ambiance of a bookstore is perfect for introspection and selfdiscovery. I often find myself lost in thought, reflecting on my life and aspirations, as I wander through the aisles. This introspective journey has helped me gain clarity about my goals and has given me the courage to pursue my dreams.Furthermore, bookstores are a testament to the power of literature. They are a reminder that in a world dominated by technology, the written word still holds a special place in our hearts. The tactile experience of holding a book, turning its pages, and immersing oneself in its narrative is a sensory experience that digital reading cannot match.However, the importance of bookstores extends beyond the personal. They play a crucial role in fostering a culture of reading and learning. In a world where attention spans are shrinking and screen time is increasing, bookstores serve as a sanctuary where one can escape the digital noise and engage with the written word. They encourage us to pause, reflect,and learn, fostering a love for literature and knowledge that is essential for personal and societal development.Despite the rise of ebooks and online platforms, I believe that bookstores will continue to hold their charm. They are more than just places to buy books they are spaces that inspire, educate, and connect. They are places where imagination takes flight, where ideas are born, and where dreams are nurtured.In conclusion, bookstores are the best places for me because they offer an experience that transcends the physical act of reading. They are spaces that foster personal growth, intellectual curiosity, and a sense of community. They are reminders of the power of literature and the importance of nurturing a love for reading. As a high school student, I am grateful for the lessons and experiences that bookstores have given me, and I look forward to many more years of exploration and discovery in these treasure troves of knowledge and imagination.。

打破世界纪录的英语作文

打破世界纪录的英语作文The moment the clock struck midnight, the world stoodstill as the record was shattered. A new champion emerged, not in the realm of sports, but in the world of words.With a pen as their sword and paper as their shield, they crafted a tale that transcended time and space. The story was a tapestry, woven with threads of passion and precision, each sentence a masterstroke.The theme was universal: the pursuit of dreams. It resonated with the young and old alike, a beacon of hope in a world often shrouded in doubt. The characters were not just fictional; they were reflections of our own aspirations.The language was not just English; it was a symphony of expressions, a dance of dialects. It was a testament to the power of communication, a bridge connecting cultures and continents.Critics hailed it as a masterpiece, a tour de force of storytelling. It was not just a record for the books; it was a milestone in the evolution of human expression.Yet, the author remained humble, acknowledging that it was not just their skill but the collective spirit of humanity that fueled such a creation. It was a reminder that we are all capable of greatness.The world now looks to this new standard, not with envy but with inspiration. The record may have been broken, but the legacy it leaves behind is immeasurable.As the sun rises on a new day, the echoes of that fateful night still linger. The record-breaking essay is now a part of history, a chapter in the grand narrative of human achievement.。

this year marks two centuries since

this year marks two centuries sinceTwo centuries ago, a new era was born, one that would change the face of our world forever. It was a time of discovery, innovation, and exploration, a time when the world was opening up to the possibilities of the future. And now,as we approach this special year, we pause to reflect on the impact that it has had on our lives and the world around us.This year marks two centuries since the beginning of the industrial revolution. It was a time when the pace of change quickened, when technology began to transform every aspect of life. Factories sprang up across the land, churning out goods with unprecedented speed and efficiency. Railways and steamships connected distant corners of the globe, opening up new trade routes and allowing for the rapid exchange of ideas and culture. And above all, it was a time of innovation inthe field of mechanical engineering, paving the way for modern machinery and the mechanization of production.This milestone year is also one of scientific advancement. From telegraphs to telephones, from batteries to transistors, from X-rays to computers, the advances made in science and technology have transformed our world in ways we could never have imagined. The advances in medicine have saved countless lives, while advances in engineering have revolutionized transportation and infrastructure. And the impact of theseadvancements has been felt not just in developed nations, but also in developing countries, where they have opened up new opportunities and lifted whole populations out of poverty.Moreover, this year marks two centuries since the beginning of the modern age of exploration. With the adventof steamships and airplanes, explorers were able to push the boundaries of knowledge and understanding far beyond what had been possible before. They discovered new continents, mapped remote islands, and mapped previously unknown parts of our planet. Their discoveries not only enriched our understanding of the world, but also opened up new trade routes and spurred economic growth in regions that had been previously unexplored.Looking back on these two centuries, we can see that they have been marked by progress and innovation. The changes they wrought have transformed our world, opening up new opportunities and possibilities for all of us. But we must also remember that progress does not come without cost. The environmental challenges we face today are a testament to the fact that we must be mindful of the impact our actions are having on our planet. We must strive to be responsible stewards of the Earth's resources, working towards a sustainable future that benefits all humanity.In conclusion, this year marks two centuries since an era that changed the face of our world forever. It was a time of discovery, innovation, and exploration, a time when the world was opening up to the possibilities of the future. We must remember that progress is not without cost, and that we must be mindful of the impact we are having on our planet. Butwith this knowledge, we can strive towards a brighter future, one that is marked by progress and innovation, while also being responsible stewards of the Earth's resources.。

考点12 阅读理解之细节理解(解析版)

考点12 阅读理解之细节理解Part 4 真题检测:1．B 2．C 3．B【来源】2023年北京卷英语真题【导语】这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。

1．细节理解题。

根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。

这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。

故选B。

2．细节理解题。

根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。

故选C。

3．细节理解题。

根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。

打破世界记录英语作文

打破世界记录英语作文
As a professional arecords is the ultimate achievement. It requires years of dedication, training, and mental preparation. Being a world record holder brings not only personal satisfaction but also puts the athlete in the history books.
Breaking a world record is not just about physical ability; it's also about mental strength. The pressure of competing at the highest level, the expectations from fans and sponsors, and the fear of failure can be overwhelming. In the months leading up to the race, I worked closely with a sports psychologist to develop mental strategies to stay focused and confident. Visualization techniques and positive affirmation became acrucial part of my training routine.
One of the most memorable experiences in my career was the day I broke the world record for the 100m sprint. It was a culmination of years of hard work and sacrifice. The moment I crossed the finish line and saw the time on the clock, I was overwhelmed with emotions. All the early morning practices, strict dieting, and moments of doubt had finally paid off.

高考英语(译林版)一轮复习练习：选修6_2_unit_2阅读理解轻松闯关_word版含解析

课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)The world record holder for the number of university degrees is a 70-year-old Italian.Mr.Luciano Baietti lives in the town of Velletri near Rome and spends his days walking around his small house and garden.But ev ery morning as early as 3 o’clock，he pulls out his textbooks and starts studying.He now holds 15 bachelors or master’s degrees from universities across Italy，and is already attempting his 16th.“Thanks to books，I feel free，”he tells the BBC journalists.“After all，the words share the same root，”he says，referring to the Italian words libro(book)and libero(free)．The certificates proving his talent hang on the walls of his study，showing people that he was writing new pages in the Guinness Book of Records.In 2002 he got his eighth degree in motor skills.And before that he already had degrees in sociology，literature，law，political science and philosophy，most from Rome’s famous La Sapienza University, one of the oldest in the world.Since then，he has added seven other degrees to his list，including one in criminology(犯罪学)，one in military strategies and the latest one in tourism in February 2017.All of these three were from online universities.“Each time I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go，”says Mr.Baietti.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。

the record-holder课文

the record-holder课文"The Record-Holder" is a story about a young boy named Tom who has a unique talent for setting records. Tom enjoys challenging himself and pushing his limits to achieve new goals. He has set numerous records in his school and neighborhood, ranging from the fastest time to solve a Rubik's Cube to the highest number of consecutive basketball shots made.The story begins with Tom discovering a book about world records in his school library. He becomes fascinated by the incredible achievements of people around the world and is inspired to set his own records. Tom starts by attempting smaller, more achievable records, such as the longest time balancing on one foot or the most jumping jacks in a minute.As Tom continues to break records, his confidence grows, and he starts aiming for more difficult challenges. He spends hours practicing and refining his skills, determined to achieve greatness. His family and friends are supportive and encourage him every step of the way.One day, Tom learns about a local competition called the Record-Breakers Challenge. This event brings together record-holders from different schools and communities, giving them a chance to showcasetheir talents and set new records. Tom eagerly signs up for the competition, excited to meet other record-holders and test his abilities against them.At the Record-Breakers Challenge, Tom faces tough competition from other talented individuals. However, his perseverance and dedication pay off, and he manages to break several records during the event. The crowd cheers him on as he sets new benchmarks, and he becomes the talk of the competition.Tom's incredible achievements in the Record-Breakers Challenge earn him recognition and admiration from his peers and community. He is interviewed by local newspapers and invited to speak at schools about his journey and the importance of setting goals. Tom becomes an inspiration to others, motivating them to pursue their passions and strive for greatness."The Record-Holder" concludes with Tom reflecting on his journey and expressing gratitude for the opportunities he has had. He realizes that setting records is not just about personal achievements but also about pushing boundaries and inspiring others to reach for their own dreams. Tom continues to challenge himself and set new records, knowing that his journey is far from over.。

一个人的朝圣-英文ppt

Ricci handed him a bottle of fruit drink and told him to set the brand to the camera. "I didn't want you to drink it. You just take it. By the way, did I tell you that the mayor has invited you to dinner?"
About THE PROTAGONGIST
Harold Fry , sixty-five years old, retired from a winery quietly after forty years of sales representatives, no promotion, neither friends nor invincible, when he retired even the farewell party did not open for him. He lived in the English countryside with his estranged wife, suffering a marital discord day after day.
他们又一次牵起对方的手，走向海岸，两个小小的身影映在黑色浪花的背景下，越走越远。只是刚走了一半，肯定有谁又想起了那句话，再次激起一轮狂笑。两个身影就这样拉着对方的手，站在海边，在笑声中摇晃。
Classic quotations
The world was made up of people putting one foot in front of the other; and a life might appear ordinary simply because the person living it had done so far a long time. 这世上有许多人每天做的事就是不断将一只脚放到另一只脚前面，日子久了，生活便显得平淡无奇。

【9A文】托福阅读tpo-2-The-Origins-of-Cetaceans鲸类的起源原题解析

阅读原文：?Itshouldbeobviousthatcetaceans-whales,porpoises,anddolphins-aremammals.TheR breathethroughlungs,notthroughgills,andgivebirthtoliveRoung.Theirstreamlinedbodi es,theabsenceofhindlegs,andthepresenceofafluke1andblowhole2cannotdisguisetheiraf finitieswithlanddwellingmammals.However,unlikethecasesofseaottersandpinnipeds(se als,sealions,andwalruses,whoselimbsarefunctionalbothonlandandatsea),itisnoteasRt oenvisionwhatthefirstwhaleslookedlike.ERtinctbutalreadRfullRmarinecetaceansarekn ownfromthefossilrecord.Howwasthegapbetweenawalkingmammalandaswimmingwhalebridged ?MissinguntilrecentlRwerefossilsclearlRintermediate,ortransitional,betweenlandma mmalsandcetaceans.众所周知，鲸类动物是哺乳动物,如鲸鱼、鼠海豚和海豚。

它们用肺呼吸，而不是鳃，属于胎生。

鲸类动物呈流线型的身体，后腿的消失，尾片和气孔的出现，这些特征都不能掩饰它们和陆生哺乳动物的相似之处。

然而，想知道世上第一只鲸长什么样并非易事，不像还原海獭及鳍足类动物（四肢水陆两用如海豹，海狮，海象）的原貌那么简单。

最年轻的得分记录英语作文

In the realm of sports, records are often set and broken, showcasing the incredible feats of human ability and determination. One such record that has captured the worlds attention is the youngest scoring record in English composition. This remarkable achievement is a testament to the prodigious talent and hard work of young writers who have managed to excel in the art of written expression at an early age.The youngest scoring record in English composition is typically measured by the age at which a writer achieves a high score in a standardized test or competition. These tests and competitions are designed to evaluate the writing skills of students, including their ability to organize thoughts, use language effectively, and convey meaning clearly and persuasively.Several factors contribute to a young writers success in achieving a high score in English composition. First and foremost is their natural aptitude for language. Some individuals possess an innate ability to understand and manipulate language, which gives them an advantage in writing. They can express complex ideas with ease and clarity, captivating readers with their eloquence and insight.Another factor is the support and encouragement they receive from their family, teachers, and peers. A nurturing environment that values creativity and intellectual curiosity can inspire young writers to hone their skills and strive for excellence. They are more likely to take risks, experiment with different writing styles, and develop their unique voice.Moreover, dedication and practice play a crucial role in achieving a high score in English composition. Young writers who are committed to improving their craft spend countless hours reading, writing, and revising their work. They learn from their mistakes, seek feedback from others, and continually refine their skills.The youngest scoring record in English composition is not just about the writers talent or the support they receive. It is also a reflection of the educational system and the opportunities available to young writers. In countries where English is the primary language or widely spoken, students have greater access to resources and platforms to showcase their writing abilities.However, it is important to note that achieving a high score in English composition at a young age does not guarantee success in the long run. Writing is a lifelong journey that requires continuous learning, growth, and adaptation. Young writers must remain open to new ideas, perspectives, and experiences to keep their work fresh and relevant.In conclusion, the youngest scoring record in English composition is an impressiveaccomplishment that highlights the exceptional abilities of young writers. It is a result of their natural talent, supportive environment, dedication to practice, and access to educational opportunities. While this record is a significant milestone, it is essential for young writers to continue developing their skills and embracing the everevolving nature of writing.。

2022高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练(54)及(解析)答案

2022高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（54）及（解析）答案【阅读理解】Below is a selection about some Guinness(吉尼斯) World Records.Top 6 Unusual Guinness World Records◆Fastest 100 m running on all foursThe 2008 Guinness World Records Day was, according to GWR，their biggest day of record-breaking ever, with more than 290,000 people taking part in record attempts in 15 different countries. Kenichi Ito's record attempt was part of this special day. He is ju st another example of Japanese with “super powers”. His “super power” is to run with great speed on all fours. Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds. The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kuritsu Sogo Undojyo, Tokyo, in 2008.◆Most people inside a soap bubble◆Longest ears on a dog◆Most living generationsDid you ever wonder what is the Guinness World Record for most living generations in one family? Seven is the answer.The ultimate authority on record-breaking mentions on the website that the youngest great-great-great-great grandparent of this family was Augusta Bung “aged 109 years 97 days, followed by her daughter aged 89, her granddaughter aged 70, her great grand-daughter aged 52, her great-great grand-daughter aged 33 and hergreat-g reatgreat granddaughter aged 15 on the birth of her greatgreatgreatgreat grandson on January 21, 1989”．◆Most T-shirts worn at once◆Heaviest pumpkin1．Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a “super power”？A．He set a good example to all Japanese.B．He made record attempts in 15 different countries.C．He set a new record for “Fastest 100 m running on all fours”．D．He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.2．Jeffries is the name of ________.A．the owner of the dog with the longest earsB．the grandfather of the dog with the longest earsC．the present holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”D．the former holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”3．How many T-shirts had Krunoslav Budiseli put on before he felt it difficult to go on?A．68. B．120. C．238. D．245.4．According to the given information, which Guinness World Record was most recently set?A．The record for “Most people inside a soap bubble”．B．The record for “Most living generations”．C．The record for “Most Tshirts worn at once”．D．The record for “Heaviest pumpkin”．【要点综述】本文是一篇应用文，主要向读者介绍6个不同寻常的吉尼斯世界纪录的状况。

高考英语双语听力语法填空三亿人上冰雪是北京冬奥会最重要遗产

高考英语双语听力语法填空三亿人上冰雪是北京冬奥会最重要遗产听力填空1 its bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, China made a commitment to the international community to “engage 300 million people in ice and snow activities”, and recent statistics showed the country has achieved this 2 . The successful efforts to involve more than 300 million Chinese people in snow and ice activities is the most3 legacy of the Beijing Winter Olympics to global winter sports and the Olympic movement, an official with the nation’s top sports authority said. The country has also greatly boosted investment in winter sports infrastructure, equipment manufacturing, tourism and education. The data showed China now has 654 standard ice rinks, and 803 indoor and outdoor ski resorts. The number of snow and ice 4tourism trips in the 2020-21 season 5 230 million, generating over 390 billion yuan in income.双语新闻在申办2022冬奥会过程中，中国曾向国际社会作出“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”的承诺。

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a rXiv:as tr o-ph/59658v122Se p25From Lithium to Uranium:Elemental Tracers of Early Cosmic Evo-lution Proceedings IAU Symposium No.228,2005V.Hill,P.Fran¸c ois &F.Primas,eds.c 2005International Astronomical Union DOI:00.0000/X000000000000000X The new record holder for the most iron-poor star:HE 1327−2326,a dwarf or subgiant with [Fe/H]=−5.4A.Frebel 1W.Aoki 2,N.Christlieb 3,H.Ando 2,M.Asplund 1,P.S.Barklem 4,T.C.Beers 5,K.Eriksson 4,C.Fechner 3,M.Y.Fujimoto 6,S.Honda 2,T.Kajino 2,T.Minezaki 7,K.Nomoto 8,J.E.Norris 1,S.G.Ryan 9,M.Takada-Hidai 10,S.Tsangarides 9and Y.Yoshii 71Research School of Astronomy &Astrophysics,Australian National University,Australia email:anna@.au 2National Astronomical Observatory of Japan,Japan 3Hamburger Sternwarte,Germany 4Department of Physics &Space Sciences,Uppsala Astronomical Observatory,Sweden 5Department of Physics &Astronomy,and JINA:Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics,Michigan State University,USA 6Department of Physics,Hokkaido University,Japan 7Institute of Astronomy,School of Science,University of Tokyo,Japan 8Department of Astronomy,School of Science,University of Tokyo,Japan 9Department of Physics and Astronomy,Open University,UK 10Liberal Arts Education Center,Tokai University,Japan Abstract.We describe the discovery of HE 1327−2326,a dwarf or subgiant with [Fe/H]=−5.4.The star was found in a sample of bright metal-poor stars selected from the Hamburg/ESO survey.Its abundance pattern is characterized by very high C and N abundances.The detection of Sr which is overabundant by a factor of 10as compared to iron and the Sun,suggests that neutron-capture elements had already been produced in the very early Galaxy.A puzzling Li depletion is observed in this unevolved star which contradicts the value of the primordial Li derived from WMAP and other Li studies.Possible scenarios for the origin of the abundance pattern (Pop.II or Pop.III)are presented as well as an outlook on future observations.Keywords.stars:individual (HE 1327−2326),stars:abundances2Frebel et al.to observers and theoreticians and much progress has been made in order to explain how these very particular objects could form.This paper describes the very recent discovery of the new record holder for the most iron-poor object,HE1327−2326.2.Bright metal-poor stars from the Hamburg/ESO SurveyThus far,the Hamburg/ESO(HES)survey was only investigated for its fainter metal-poor stars(Christlieb et al.2003,Beers et al.,this volume).However,it was recently extended to the brighter end(10<B<14;Frebel et al.in preparation).Despite partial saturation eﬀects,it was possible to select a sample of1777bright metal-poor candidate stars.Three observational steps are necessary to identify the most metal-poor stars.Figure 1illustrates these steps.Medium-resolution follow-up spectroscopy(∼2˚A)of the en-tire sample of bright stars was recently completed.In April2003,a medium-resolution spectrum of HE1327−2326was taken with the ESO3.6m ing the Ca II K line at3933˚A and the Beers et al.(1999)calibration we derived an iron abundance of[Fe/H]=−4.3.High-resolution spectra of HE1327−2326with the Japanese Subaru telescope and its High Dispersion Spectrograph were taken in May and June2004(see Aoki et al.,this volume).It was immediately revealed that the metallicity estimate ob-tained from the medium-resolution data was greatly overestimated due to the presence of interstellar Ca II.The interstellar feature was not resolved at lower resolution,thus blending with the stellar Ca II K line.Reddening of E(B−V)=0.08(Schlegel et al. 1998)in the line-of-sight is consistent with the presence of the interstellar Ca II(see bottom panel of Figure1).Further high-resolution spectroscopy of the most metal-poor stars from the bright sample is currently underway.3.Stellar parameters of HE1327−2326From BV RIK photometry obtained with the2m Magnum telescope(University of Tokyo)we derive an eﬀective temperature of T eﬀ=6180±80K,based on the Alonso et al.(1996)scale.This temperature is consistent with the values derived from a Balmer line proﬁle analysis.Due to the absence of Fe II lines in the spectrum of HE1327−2326,the gravity could not be determined in a spectroscopic fashion.Both neutral and ionized species are needed to derive the gravity from the ionization equilibrium.One Ca I and two Ca II lines are detected in HE1327−2326.Hence,Ca could in principle be used instead of ing1D MARCS and Kurucz model atmospheres,the large diﬀerence of0.8dex between the Ca LTE abundances derived from Ca I and Ca II lines suggests that signiﬁcant NLTE eﬀects are present.Thus,we refrained from using Ca for the gravity determination.Instead,from the known proper motion of HE1327−2326we inferred an upper limit on its distance and hence its absolute visual magnitude.This information leads to two diﬀerent solutions for the gravity when an isochrone for[Fe/H]=−3.5(Kim et al.2002)is employed.It follows that HE1327−2326is a dwarf(log g=4.5)or a subgiant(log g=3.7).There is no signiﬁcant diﬀerence in the abundances derived for both cases.The astrophysical implications are not eﬀected by this uncertainty.Regarding the iron abundance,we applied a+0.2dex NLTE correction(Asplund2005) resulting in[Fe/H]=−5.4for HE1327−2326.3of HE1327−2326.Top panel:HES objective-prism spectrum.Middle panel:Medium-resolution spectrum of HE1327−2326in comparison with CS22876−032([Fe/H]=−3.7;Norris et al. 2000and references therein).From this data we measured[Fe/H]=−4.3for HE1327−2326 because interstellar Ca blended with the Ca II K line.Bottom panel:High-resolution spectra of both objects.Only with the high-resolution data was it possible to determine the true iron abundance,[Fe/H]=−5.4,for HE1327−2326.4Frebel et al.Table1.Abundance pattern of HE1327−2326as reported in Frebel et al.2005Li<1.6<1.6C4.1±0.23.9±0.2N4.5±0.24.2±0.2O<4.0<3.7Na(LTE)2.4±0.22.4±0.2Na(non-LTE)2.0±0.22.0±0.2Mg(LTE)1.7±0.21.7±0.2Mg(non-LTE)1.6±0.21.6±0.2Al(LTE)1.3±0.21.3±0.2Al(non-LTE)1.7±0.21.7±0.2Ca I0.1±0.20.1±0.2Ca II0.9±0.20.8±0.2Ti0.6±0.20.8±0.2Fe(LTE)−5.6±0.2−5.7±0.2Fe(non-LTE)−5.4±0.2−5.5±0.2Sr(LTE)1.0±0.21.2±0.2Sr(non-LTE)1.1±0.21.3±0.2Ba(LTE)<1.4<1.7Ba(non-LTE)<1.4<1.7UT date v rad[km/s]4.Summary of the Abundances and Radial Velocity Measurements HE1327−2326has an exceptionally low iron abundance of[Fe/H]=−5.4in combina-tion with extremely high[C/Fe]and[N/Fe](∼4dex overabundance).See Table1for the abundances derived for the dwarf and the subgiant case.[Mg,Na,Al/Fe]are enhanced by more than one dex while[Ca,Ti/Fe]are only slightly overabundant.Surprisingly,the only detected neutron-capture element,Sr,is enhanced by a factor of10as compared to iron and the Sun.Li is depleted in this unevolved star and only an upper limit of logǫ(Li)=1.6could be inferred.This signiﬁcantly contradicts the results from other Li studies using unevolved metal-poor stars(Ryan et al.1999)as well as the recent WMAP results which is much higher(by∼1dex;Coc et al.2004).There is no obvious reason why the Li is depleted.Possible ideas are that HE1327−2326might perhaps be a fast rotator or a member of a binary system.However,no signiﬁcant line broadening was found amongst the17weak absorption lines used for the abundance analysis.In order to test the binary scenario radial velocities have been determined from high-resolution observation for four diﬀerent epochs.All values agree within their measurement errors which are∼1km/s.The results are summarized in Table2.The apparently con-stant radial velocity has a variety of implications for the origin of the abundance pattern of HE1327−2326because it indicates no membership of a binary system.However,it might still be possible that the star is a long-period,low-amplitude binary.This has been5Figure2.The lines at3581˚A we detect four Fe Ipreviously suggested to be the case for HE0107−5240(Christlieb et al.2004b;Suda et al.2004).A binary scenario for HE1327−2326would be able to explain the Li deﬁciency. To clarify the situation,radial velocity monitoring of HE1327−2326and HE0107−5240 is underway.The observed Sr/Ba ratio of[Sr/Ba]>−0.4in HE1327−2326is inconsistent with that found in s-process-rich stars which have[Sr/Ba]<−1.0.Hence,mass transfer of s-process elements from a possible former companion seems to be ruled out.The upper limit of the Sr/Ba ratio is,however,consistent with the ratio found in strongly r-process enhanced stars(e.g.Christlieb et al.2004a).This is supportive of an abundance pattern originating from pre-enrichment by previous generation supernovae under the assumption that the main site of the r-process is in supernovae.5.Possible Origins of the Abundance PatternThere are currently two main diﬀerent scenarios with which the abundance pattern of HE1327−2326might be explained.First,there is a Population II scenario which invokes6Frebel et al.pre-enrichment by a previous generation star by means of a stellar wind or a supernova explosion(Iwamoto et al.2005;Nomoto et al.,this volume;Meynet et al.2005,Meynetet al.,this volume).Another possibility is that HE1327−2326is a population III star, which accreted the heavier elements observed on its surface from the interstellar medium. Lighter elements,such as CNO,would have been donated from a former AGB companion through mass transfer.The assumption that the star would be long-period,low amplitude binary is a crucial ingredient.6.Conclusions and OutlookFurther work is required to determine the origin of the abundance patterns of HE1327−2326 and HE0107−5240.One crucial model-ingredient will be the oxygen abundance ofHE1327−2326.In particular it will challenge the Population II scenario of Iwamotoet al.and simultaneously provide a test on the AGB scenario.Hence,21h of VLT/UVES time have recently been granted to attempt the detection of OH features in the UV. Clearly,more objects are needed to enlarge the sample of extremely iron-deﬁcient stars in order to study the phenomena occurring at that low metallicity ing the HES,eﬀorts are underway to observe further metal-poor candidates as well as to process additional51HES plates to produce even more candidates which might eventually leadto the discovery of more stars with[Fe/H]<−5.0.AcknowledgementsBased(in part)on data collected at the Subaru Telescope,which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.A.F.thanks the IAU forﬁnancial supportto attend this meeting.A.F.,M.A.and J.E.N acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council(grant DP0342613).N.C.is supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft under grants Ch214/3-1and Re353/44-2.P.S.B.and K.E.are supported bythe Swedish Research Council.T.C.B.acknowledges support from grants AST00-98508, AST00-98549,AST04-06784,and PHY02-16783,Physics Frontier Centers/JINA:Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics,awarded by the US National Science Foundation.ReferencesAlonso,A.,Arribas,S.&Martinez-Roger,C.1996,A&A313,873Aoki,W.,et al.2005,ApJ,in preparationAsplund,M.2005,ARAA,in pressBeers,T.C.,et al.1999AJ117,981Christlieb,N.,et al.2004a A&A428,1027Christlieb,N.,et al.2004b ApJ603,708Christlieb,N.2003Reviews of Modern Astronomy16,191Christlieb,N.,et al.2002,Nature419,904Coc,A.,et al.2004ApJ600,544Frebel,A.,et al.2005,Nature434,871Iwamoto,N.,et al.2005Science308Kim,Y.,Demarque,P.,Yi,S.K.&Alexander,D.R.2002,ApJS143,499Meynet,G.,Eckstroem,S.,Maeder,A.2005A&A,submittedNorris,J.E.,Beers,T.C.,Ryan,S.G.2000,ApJ540,456Ryan,S.G.,Norris,J.E.,Beers,T.C.1999ApJ523,654Schlegel,D.J.,Finkbeiner,D.P.,Davis,M.1998,ApJ500,525Suda,T.,Aikawa,M.,Machida,M.N.,Fujimoto,M.Y.&Iben,I.Jr.2004,ApJ611,476。