2021届哈尔滨市第五中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2021届哈尔滨市第五中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Best Hikes in the World
There's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.
Torres del Paine W Circuit
Location (位置): Patagonia. Chile
Distance: 37 + miles
Time: 5~6 days
Best time to go: October to January
The W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.
Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim Hike
Location: Arizona, the United States
Distance: 48 miles
Time: 1~3 days
Best time to go: May to June, September to October
There's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.
Trek to Petra
Location: Jordan
Distance: 47 miles
Time: 5~ 6 days
Best time to go: October to April
Take the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoiding
crowds of tourists.
Yosemite Grand Traverse
Location: California, the United States
Distance: 60 miles
Time: 6~7 days
Best time to go: July to September
Known for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.
1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?
A.April
B.May
C.August
D.December
2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?
A.Jordan
B.Patagonia, Chile
C.Arizona, the United States
D.California, the United States
3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?
A.Plant sequoia trees
B.Appreciate waterfalls
C.Visit local temples
D.Climb granite pillars
B
A cheap printed sensor could transmit wildfire warnings. Wildfires have recently destroyed regions across the world, and theirgravityis increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchersled by Yapei Wang, a Chinese chemist ofRenminUniversity, say they have developed an inexpensive sensor to detect such fires earlier with less effort.
Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other alerts come from routine foot patrols and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on the ground," Wang says. “ When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late. ”
The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunks' bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a dramatic temperature increase. That heat also powers the sensor itself, without replacing batteries. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor for just $ 0.40.
But improving coordination among the different agencies involved in firefighting is even more crucial to address, says Graham Kent, an earthquake expert at theUniversityofNevada,Reno, who was not part of the
study.Kentis director of ALERTWildfire, a network that uses cameras and crowd sourcing to watch for fires inCalifornia,NevadaandOregon. “The whole way that you respond to a fire until it's put out is like a ballet," he says. “You'd have to choreograph (设计) it just so, with resources precisely used at the right time and place and in the right order from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment (熄灭).Fire detection is just step one.
Wang says his team's next steps are to extend the device'ssignal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield for it. The transmitter's effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be examined in the field ahead.
4. What does the underlined word “gravity” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Pull.
B. Extinction.
C. Popularity.
D. Severity.
5. What do we know about the sensor?
A. Its price remains high.
B. Its batteries are replaceable.
C. It can detect fires earlier and easier.
D. It can reduce firefighters' pain.
6. What doesKentmean in paragraph 4?
A. Firefighting is easy but crucial.
B. Fire detection resources are rich.
C. Putting out a fire is an orderly activity.
D. Technology is the key to extinguishing a fire.
7. What's the plan for the new sensor according to Wang?
A. Improving and testing it.
B. Limiting its use and transmission.
C. Examing and reducing its signal range.
D. Getting it on the market ahead of time.
C
I come to theUnited Statesten year ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.
Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.
One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn’t understand them because I didn’t speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”
The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That’s the way I foundChaffeyCollege. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.
That’s how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had to write a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why . She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to College. I will never forget this.
8. According to the passage, the author probably is a .
A. teacher
B. doctor
C. father
D. mother
9. What made the author make up her mind to study English?
A. What her son said.
B. What her daughter said.
C. Thinking about herself.
D. Thinking about her daughter.
10. How did they findChaffeyCollege?
A. On the way to the movies.
B. They took a new route and got lost.
C. Ask a stranger for information.
D. According to the banner.
11. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The author came to theUnited Statesfrom another country.
B. The author had two children at least including one daughter.
C. What really changed the author’s life was she believed in herself.
D. The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.
D
Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.
In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.
And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.
Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.
12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.
A. chiliescan be beneficial
B. chilies are popular inAmerica
C. chilies can be dangerous
D. serious headaches can be dangerous
13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.
A. decreasing death rate
B. releasing natural chemicals
C. curing serious headaches
D. providing enough nutrition
14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.
B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.
C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.
D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.
15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.
A. warn people of the dangers of chilies
B. ask people to eat Carolina Reaper
C. encourage people to eat more chilies
D. tell people the benefits of chilies
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.___16___It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.
___17___The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.
In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use.___18___Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them.___19___
Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.___20___With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.
A. Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.
B. Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.
C. It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.
D Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.
E. It will affect China’s transformation towards green development.
F. Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.
G. The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
完形填空（每小题21.5分，共30分)
Many years ago I was on a bicycle trip through the beautiful countryside. Suddenly，dark
clouds___21___overhead and rain began to fall，but several hundred yards___22___，the sun shone brilliantly. Riding，___23___，as rapidly as I could，I found it___24___to get into the clear.The clouds with their rain kept advancing faster than I could race forward.I continued this unequal competition for an exhausting half hour___25___realizing that I could not win my way to the bright area in front of me.
Then it___26___me that I was wasting my strength in unimportant hurry，while paying no attention to the scenery for the sake of which I was making the trip. The storm could not last forever and the discomfort was not___27___. Indeed，there was much to look at which might___28___have escaped me. As I looked around with sharpened___29___，I discovered the rain mists(薄雾)which now____30____the wooded hills and the fresh clearness of the different greens were fascinating(迷人的). My____31____at the rain was gone and my eagerness to____32____it disappeared. It had provided mewith a new view and helped me realized that the____33____of beauty and satisfaction may be found close at hand.
I understand there is no sense in my____34____ever to flee from circumstances which cannot be avoided but which I might bravely____35____and turn to something good.I know that half the battle is____36____if I can face trouble with courage，____37____with high spirit, and triumph with humility. It has become ever____38____to me that danger is far from disaster，that temporary defeat may come as a sign of final____39____，and that，in the last analysis，all achievement is beyond your____40____unless you are willing to go through various challenges and difficulties in life.
22. A. piled up B. cleared up C. broke up D. picked up
23. A. behind B. ahead C. above D. beneath
24. A. therefore B. however C. besides D. meanwhile
25. A. unnecessary B. likely C. tough D. comfortable
26. A. before B. after C. while D. as
27. A. warned B. suspected C. hit D. noticed
28. A. unbearable B. acceptable C. valuable D. reliable
29. A. therefore B. consequently C. accordingly D. otherwise
30. A. confusion B. appreciation C. wisdom D. courage
31. A. crowned B. rolled C. swept D. floated
32. A. annoyance B. surprise C. excitement D. curiosity
33. A. enjoy B. embrace C. stop D. escape
34. A. secrets B. sources C. causes D. advantages
35. A. requesting B. waiting C. attempting D. expecting
36. A. meet B. avoid C. decline D. guarantee
37. A. won B. joined C. changed D. ignored
38. A. happiness B. joy C. disappointment D. anger
39. A. worse B. stranger C. clearer D. funnier
40. A. failure B. decision C. relief D. victory
41. A. control B. reach C. praise D. description
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Countries receiving Chinese vaccines
China is providing vaccine aid to 53 developing countries____41.____(include) Pakistan, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said Monday. China has exported or is in____42.____process of exporting vaccines to 22 countries, the spokesperson told a routine press briefing.
China has taken concrete steps____43.____(honor)its pledge to make vaccines global public goods, once available, with greater affordability and____44.____(accessible) in developing countries, Wang said. China____45.____(join) COVAX up to now and decided to offer 10 million vaccines to the____46.____(internation) sharing scheme,____47.____(main) to help meet the needs of developing countries, he____48.____(add).
"China will continue its vaccine cooperation with relevant____49.____(country), offer support within its capability and make concrete contributions to securing a victory_____50._____the pandemic as soon as possible and to building a global community of health for all," Wang said.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.每句中仅有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

Nowadays, many students like studying on Internet.
Only by practicing more can we learn English good.
When I woke up, I found me staying in the hospital.
He was so worried about the exam much he couldn't fall asleep.
I want to find a book interested to me.
There is nobody here another than the teacher.
One of the best player in the team has been out of the game.
The old sometimes helps the young enrich their social experience.
The film what I saw last night was nothing exciting.
Please tell me the reason that you were late this morning.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文．
I have a friend named Monty Roberts who owns a horse ranch（牧场）．He has let me use his house to put on fund-raising events to raise money for youth at risk programs．
The last time I was there he introduced me by sharing his own story:
"I want to tell you why I let Jack use my house．It all goes back to a story about a young man who was the son of a poor horse trainer who would go from stable to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses．As a result, the boy's high school career was continually interrupted．When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up．"
"That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch．He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables and the track．Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4, 000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch．"
"He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher．Two days later he received his paper back．On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, 'See me after class．'"
"The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked, 'Why did I receive an F?'"
"The teacher said, 'This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you．You have no money．Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money．There's no way you could ever do it．' Then the teacher added, 'If you will rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade．'"
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
"The boy went home and thought about it long and hard．He asked his father what he should do．
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________
He added, "The best part of the story is that two summers ago that same school teacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a week．
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E
21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A 32.
D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. B
41. including
42. the 43. to honor
44. accessibility
45. has joined
46. international
47. mainly 48. added
49. countries
50. against
51.(1). on后加the
(2). good →well/better
(3). me →myself
(4). much →that
(5). interested→interesting
(6). another→other
(7). player →players
(8). helps→help
(9). what →which/ that或删除what
(10). that →why
【61题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：现在，许多学生喜欢在网上学习。

on the Internet为固定短语，意为“在网上”。

故在on后面加the。

【62题详解】
考查副词或者副词比较级。

句意：只有多练习，我们才能学好英语。

修饰动词speak，需用副词well或者其比较级better作状语。

故将good改为well/better。

【63题详解】
考查代词。

句意：当我醒来时，我发现自己呆在医院里。

主语和宾语一致时，需要用主语对应的反身代词作宾语。

故将me改为myself。

【64题详解】
考查固定句型。

句意：他非常担心考试，以至于睡不着觉。

so…that…为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。

故将much改为that。

【65题详解】
考查形容词。

句意：我想找一本我感兴趣的书。

修饰book，需用-ing结尾的形容词。

故将interested改为interesting。

【66题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：除了老师，这里没有别人。

other than为固定短语，意为“除了”。

故将another改为other。

【67题详解】
考查名词。

句意：这个队最好的队员之一已经退出了比赛。

One of修饰复数可数名词，player为可数名词。

故将player改为players。

【68题详解】
考查主谓一致。

句意：老年人有时帮助年轻人丰富他们的社会经验。

the old指“老年人”这个群体，谓语动词使用复数形式。

故将helps改为help。

【69题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：我昨晚看的电影一点也不刺激。

此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词the film，指物，在定语从句中作saw的宾语，需用关系代词which/that引导或者可以省。

故将what改为which/that或者将what删除。

【70题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：请告诉我你今天早上迟到的原因。

此处引导定语从句，先行词the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。

故将that改为why
52.略。