五年级英语下册知识讲义-句型专项训练(上)-湘少版

1. 掌握特殊疑问句的含义和用法。

2. 掌握选择疑问句的含义和用法。

重点：掌握特殊疑问句和选择疑问句的结构特点。

难点：能正确运用特殊疑问句和选择疑问句。

知识梳理
一、特殊疑问句
(一) 含义
一般来讲，特殊疑问句是针对某事、某人、某时或某地等情况进行提问的疑问句。

句子的特征是句首由what, who, whose, which, when, where, how, why 等疑问词引导，后面常接助动词或情态动词提前的倒装结构(少数疑问词或疑问词组在句中作主语的情况除外)。

回答方式不能用“Yes”或“No”，而是要根据所问的具体内容来回答，常用降调。

(二) 特殊疑问词
1. what意为“什么”，在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。

与名词构成的特殊疑问词组可在句中作表语、宾语。

What is in your hand? 你的手里有什么？(作主语)
What did she buy yesterday? 昨天她买了什么？(作宾语)
What is this? 这是什么？(作表语)
What time is it? 现在几点了？ (作表语)
What color do you like? 你喜欢什么颜色？(作宾语)
2. who意为“谁”，在句中作主语时，句子的语序不倒装；在句中作宾语、表语时，句子语序倒装。

Who teaches you English? 谁教你英语？(作主语)
Who did you talk to just now? 刚才你和谁交谈了？(作宾语)
Who is your sister? 你的姐姐是谁？(作表语)
3. whose意为“谁的”，在句中作表语，也可与名词构成的特殊疑问词组作表语或宾语。

Whose is this book? 这本书是谁的？(作表语)
Whose computer is it? 这是谁的电脑？(作表语)
Whose pen did you borrow? 你借了谁的钢笔？ (作宾语)
4. which 意为“哪一个”，在句中作主语或宾语，也可与名词构成的特殊疑问词组作主语或宾语。

Which is Anne’s? 哪一个是安妮的？(作主语)
Which do you want? 你想要哪一个？(作宾语)
Which class are you in? 你在哪个班？(作宾语)
Which girl won the game? 哪个女孩赢了比赛？(作主语)
5. when意为“什么时候”，在句中作状语或表语。

When are you going to buy a book? 你打算什么时候去买书？(作状语) When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？(作表语)
6. where意为“在哪儿”，在句中作状语或表语。

Where did you go yesterday? 昨天你去哪儿了？(作状语)
Where is your hometown? 你的家乡在哪儿？ (作表语)
7. how意为“如何；怎么样”，在句中作状语。

How do you go to school? 你怎样去上学？(作状语)
how much, how many可用来提问数量多少，前者对不可数名词提问，如价格不可数名词的量等；后者对可数名词提问。

How much water do you want? 你想要多少水？
How much is the bike? 这辆自行车多少钱？
How many apples do you have? 你有多少苹果？
常用结构：
How long 多久；多长； how old多大；how far多远。

8. why意为“为什么”，在句中作状语。

Why do you like English? 你为什么喜欢英语？(作状语)
1. —_________ is the boy in blue?
—He’s Mike.
A. What
B. Who
C. Where
答案：B
思路分析：根据答语“他是迈克。

”可知问句句意为“穿蓝色衣服的男孩是谁？”，故选B项。

2. —_________ is Christmas Day?
—It’s on the 25th of December.
A. Where
B. How
C. When
答案：C
思路分析：根据答语回答的是日期，可知询问时间，故选C项。

3. —_____is your father?
—He is in his study.
A. What
B. Where
C. Who
答案：B
思路分析：根据答语“他在书房里。

”可知问句询问地点，故选B项。

二、选择疑问句
(一) 含义
提出两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择其一的疑问句称之为选择疑问句。

被选择的情况中，前面的(一个或多个) 用升调，最后一个用降调。

回答时要根据具体情况，一般不用“Yes”或“No”。

(二)类型
选择疑问句的提问方式包括：一般疑问句式，特殊疑问句式。

一般疑问句式：一般疑问句+or +一般疑问句(与前句相同部分往往省略)？
－Do you often go to school by bike or by bus? 你上学经常骑自行车还是乘公共汽车？
－By bike. 骑自行车。

特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问句，A or B?
－Which do you like, apples or pears? 你喜欢哪一种，苹果还是梨？
－I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。

1. —_____ one is fatter, the blue one or the red one?
—The blue one.
A. Which
B. What
C. Whose
答案：A
思路分析：问句是选择疑问句，两者中选择其一，故选A项；B项没有范围；whose意为“谁的”。

句意为“哪一个更胖，这个蓝色的还是红色的？”
2. —Are you going to Beijing tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?
—_______.
A. Yes, I am
B. I’m going to Beijing
C. The day after tomorrow
答案：C
思路分析：问句是选择疑问句，故答语不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答。

问句中供选择的是是时间“明天还是后天”，故答语C项合适。

同步练习
（答题时间：15分钟）
一、单项选择。

1. —______ are Jack and Mary?
—They’re standing behind other students.
A. Who
B. What
C. Where
2. —_______ is it?
—It’s twelve o’clock.
A. What time
B. What color
C. What
3. —______ is the computer?
—It’s 2,000 yuan.
A. How many
B. How old
C. How much
4. —What would you like, tea ______ coffee?
—I’d like tea.
A. and
B. or
C. but
5. ______ your notebook new or old?
A. Are
B. Is
C. Does
二、句型转换。

1. I get up at six o’clock every day. (对画线部分提问)
_______ ______ do you get up every day?
2. Lucy visited her friends last night. (对画线部分提问)
________ _______ Lucy _______last night?
3. I went to the zoo with my friend. (对画线部分提问)
______ did you ______ to the zoo with?
4. This is Tom’s eraser. (对画线部分提问)
_______ eraser ______ this?
5. This ruler is long. (用上short组成一个选择疑问句)
______ this ruler long ______ short?
三、阅读短文。

My friend, Dick, has a big dog. Its name is Jack. Every Saturday afternoon Dick takes Jack
for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these long walks very much. One afternoon, a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for a walk. But the man was still(仍然) there. Jack became very worried (焦急). He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the man and looked at him. But the man kept talking. Finally Jack couldn’t stand it. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the man, but this time he held(拿着) the man’s hat in his mouth.
1. From the story, we know that Jack is ____.
A. Dick’s good friend
B. a big dog
C. a young man
2. Where does Dick walk his dog every Saturday afternoon？
A. In his room.
B. In the street.
C. In the park.
3. Jack became very worried one afternoon because____________.
A. he couldn’t go for a walk
B. a young man came to visit Dick that afternoon
C. Dick walked around his room several times
4. What does the underlined word “stand” mean in the passage？
A. 站立
B. 理解
C. 忍受
5. Why did Jack sit down again in front of the man with the hat in his mouth？
A. Try to make the man laugh.
B. Like the young man very much.
C. Ask the young man to leave.
答案
一、
1. C 解析：根据答语“他们正站在其他学生的后面。

”可知问句用特殊疑问词where，故选C项。

2. A 解析：根据答语“十二点”可知问句询问“几点了？”，故选A项。

3. C 解析：答语是“两千元”，故问句询问价格，选C项。

4. B 解析：根据答语“我想要茶。

”可知问句是选择疑问句，故选B项。

5. B 解析：主语your notebook是第三人称单数，故排除A项；句中没有实义动词原形，故排除C项，只有B项合适。

二、
1. What time
2. What did; do
3. Who; go
4. Whose; is
5. Is; or
三、
1. B 解析：根据句子“My friend, Dick, has a big dog. Its name is Jack.”可知Jack是一只大狗。

2. C 解析：根据句子“Every Saturday afternoon Dick takes Jack for a long walk in the park.”可知是在公园里散步。

3. A 解析：通读第二段可知“拜访我朋友的年轻人不走，耽误了Jack散步”，故选A项。

4. C 解析：根据最后的两句“它走出了房间，几分钟后又回来了。

它再一次坐在年轻人面前，但是这次它嘴里叼着他的帽子。

”可知狗“不能忍受了”，故选
C项。

5. C 解析：通读全文可知，由于年轻人不走，耽误了大狗出去散步的时间，故做此举动的目的是为了让年轻人离开，故选C项。