2019-2020学年北京市第十八中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年北京市第十八中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Electric Shocks Can Be Fatal
Government statistics recently showed that in theUK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their homes. A smaller number of people are killed after they touch the power lines outside their homes. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breath to stop and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic techniques to deal with such emergencies.
What to do?
● If you are the first person to reach someone who has an electric shock, don't touch him or her!
● If the victim is still holding the appliance that gives him or her the shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.Under no circumstances can you try to move the appliance with your hands!
● Ifyou can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.
● The victim must remain lying down. If he or she isunconscious, the victim should be placed on his or her side. But he or she should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is ly necessary.
● It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸). Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.
● If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.
1. What kind of passage is it?
A. An advertisement.
B. A horror story.
C. A news report.
D. First aid emergency advice.
2. The underlined sentence implies that ________.
A. you should move the appliance
B. you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricity
C. it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your hands
D. it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands
3. When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________.
A. separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit up
B. keep the victim warm and help him or her breathe again
C. move the victim onto his or her side if he or she has got neck injuries
D. keep the victim's head high until professional help arrives
B
A teenager in Georgia will no longer have to walk 7 miles to work after school thanks to one woman’s act of kindness.
Jayden Sutton, a high school senior, went on foot each day from school to his job at a restaurant and then back home. Sutton was determined to work and make enough money to eventually buy his own vehicle.
Sutton said he’d leave school at 3:30 pm, then walk miles to his job at the restaurant. After his work, which usually lasted six to eight hours, he walked home, sometimes not arriving back until almost midnight.
That all changed when Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. “The young man was insistently in a rush walking to work, saying ‘I can’t be late,’” Myers said. “He begged me to give him a ride. I told him I could take him as far as I was going. I began to create small talk along the way. It wasrevealedto me that his name was Jayden, 12th grader, worked 40 hours a week, walked 5 miles to work immediately after school, got off at 10:30 pm at night and walked back home another 5 miles if co-workers didn’t offer a ride.”
After dropping Sutton off, Myers said his heart and determination filled her with tears. “He was smiling in good spirits and that’s a child worth blessing,” she told Fox News. So, Myers shared Sutton’s story on the GoFundMe page, which raised more than $ 9, 000 from 186 donors.
She surprised Sutton with a new car after she managed to convince the general manager to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the budget.
4. Why did Sutton work so hard in his spare time?
A. To gain working experience.
B. To pay for his education.
C. To own a car.
D. To support his family.
5. What difficulty did Sutton have in his work at the restaurant?
A. He worked longer than other workers.
B. His work was too tiring.
C. His job was much less paid.
D. He had to walk to work.
6. What does the underlined word “revealed” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Known.
B. Attached.
C. Believed.
D. Limited.
7. What do we know about the money donated online?
A. It could buy more than a new car.
B. It was not enough to buy a new car.
C. It was given to Myers to buy herself a new car.
D It mainly came from a car sales manager.
C
American football was the fastest-growing sport for US young players last year, according to a survey sponsored by the sport's governing body.
But it was the game's no tackle variety that showed the biggest increase－a finding that may reflect concerns about injury. In American football, a tackle (抢断球) refers to an attempt to stop an opponent by forcing them to the ground.
The number of participants in football grew in 2015 while most other sport, except baseball, posted a decline, USA Football said on Monday, citing(引用) the findings of a survey of 30,000 children and teenagers.
Participation in flag football (a no-tackle type of football) increased by 8.7 percent among children aged 6 to 14, while tackle football rose by 1.9 percent. For that age group, the only other sport that grew was baseball, with a 3. 3 percent increase.
In the 15-to-18 age group, flag football rose by 10. 5 percent, while tackle grew by 2.5 percent.
Basketball was the third, with a 1. 1 percent increase. Participation in all other sports declined.
Tom Farrey, executive director of the Aspen Institute's Sports & Society Program, said he was surprised that flag football participation rose so much.
“The trend suggests that parents aremarching to the beat of a different drummer, in pursuing flagas an alternative for their kids," he said.
The findings come at a time of increasing concern about the risk associated with youth sports, particularly hockey (曲棍球) and football, where medical researchers have warned about the risk of concussions (damagesto the brain caused by violent blows to the head) and death linked to brain injury.
USA Football, anIndianapolis,Indianabased nonprofit funded in part by the National Football League, believed that the increases resulted from better safety and health education.
"Football participation increases, even modest increases, may signal that programs such as our Heads Up Football program and practice guidelines are making a positive difference," said Scot Hallenbeck, USA Football
chief executive, in a statement.
Robert Cantu, aBostonUniversityneurosurgery professor and investigator at the school's chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center said the increase in fag football participation signaled that more parents were directing children to a safe alternative
8. What can we learn about the two age groups?
A. Flag football grew the fastest in the 6-to-18 group.
B. Tackle football grew he fastest in the 6-to-14 group.
C. Participation in baseball declined the most in both groups
D. Participation in tackle football increased the most in both groups.
9. The underlined part probably means ________.
A working at a different pace
B. behaving in a different way
C. ignoring the major differences
D. trying to accept different opinions
10. The popularity of flag football is inked with the fact that
A. its rules have been adapted for young players
B. it receives more funds than other varieties
C. tackle football is an old-fashioned game
D. experts worry about children's safety
11. What is the cause of football growth according to USA Football?
A. Their safety programs are successful.
B. More children show interest in the game.
C. Football is less likely to cause concussions.
D. There are different types of football to choose from.
D
In order to develop the pandemic-stricken economy, China recovered the street vendors（商贩）in a new nation-wide method known as “street stall economy'', allowing residents to set up open-air shops on the sidewalks or other available public spaces.
Street vendors were once an important part ofChina's economy and urban landscape. However, sinceChina's economy took off in the last decade, street vendors have gradually disappeared from the streets and many of
them opened shops of their own.
Fast forward to today, street vendors have come into our sight again after cities such asChengduand Yantai succeeded in creating hundreds of thousands of jobs by giving street stalls permission to operate.China's tech industry was quick to jump on the street vendor trend, with tech giants including Alibaba, Tencent, Meituan and flocking todish outcheap loans, offer support and payment solutions to millions of owners of newly established small businesses.
Ant Financial, Alibaba's fintech arm, promised its mobile wallet app Alipay will give interest-free loans to 30 million vendors, and 70 billion RMB of interest-free credit line to consumers to make purchases everywhere, including street vendors.
provided 50 billion RMB worth of quality goods for street vendors, and provided each one of them with a maximum 100,000 RMB interest-free loan to stock up.
Tencent's WeChat announced to offer payment solutions, marketing supports and even training for up to 50 million street vendors, with the end goal of digitally transforming them to increase their income.
Guangzhoucity partnered with WeChat this month to hold a live streaming shopping festival to improve sales of local produce. In attempts to promote various live streaming platforms, many tech CEOs also made their own live streamed e-commerce debuts（首次亮相）selling goods coming from all over the country.
12. What does the underlined part “dish out" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. turn down.
B. provide with.
C. pay off.
D. apply for.
13. Compared with and Tencent, what unique measure did Ant Financial take?
A. It provides interest-free loans for vendors.
B. It offers interest-free credit line to customers.
C. It provides quality goods for street vendors.
D. It offers marketing support to businessmen.
14. What's the purpose of the cooperation between WeChat andGuangzhoucity?
A. To volunteer to train street vendors.
B. To give away free goods to the poor.
C. To promote to develop the local economy.
D. To help CEOs make their own streaming platforms.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Chengdu and Yantai Succeeded in Creating Job Opportunities
B. "Street Vendor Economy” Greatly Increases People's Income
C. The Whole Nation Are Involved in a New Economy Model
D.China's Major Tech Companies Are Helping With "Street Vendor Economy”
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Rise and shine! Morning time just became your new best friend. Love it or hate it, using the morning hours before work may be the key to a successful and healthy lifestyle.___16___In addition, the health benefits for those with a life before work go on and on. Let us explore 4 of the things successful people do before 8 am. Exercise.
Most people that work out daily, work out in the morning. Exercising before work gives you an increase of energy for the day and a sense of accomplishment .Even if you aren’t bright eyed and bushy tailed at the thought of a 5 am jog, try waking up 15 minutes early for a quick bedside set of pushups or stretching.___17___
Map Out Your Day.
Maximize your potential by mapping out your schedule for the day, as well as your goals and to dos. The morning is a good time for this as it is often one of the only quiet times a person gets throughout the day. The early hours foster easier reflection that helps when prioritizing (优先) your activities.___18___
Visualize your day.
___19___The morning is the perfect time to spend some quiet time inside your mind planning or visualizing. Take a moment to visualize your day ahead of you, focusing on the successes you will have. Even just a minute of visualization and positive thinking can help improve your mood and outlook on your work load for the day.
___20___
We all have that one item on our to do list that we fear. It troubles you all day (or week) until you finally do it after much procrastination (拖延). Instead of anticipating the unpleasantness of it from first coffee through your lunch break, do that least desirable task on your list first. The morning is the time when you are generally more well rested and your energy level is up. Therefore, you are more well equipped to handle more difficult projects. Look at it this way, and your day will get progressively easier, not the other way around. By the time your work day is ending, you’re winding down with easier to dos and heading into your free time more relaxed. Success!
A. Connect socially,
B. Make Your Day Top Heavy.
C. It’ll help wake up your body, and prepare you for your day.
D. While scheduling, don’t forget about your physical health.
E. Morning people have been found to be more active and more productive.
F. They also allow for uninterrupted problem solving when trying to fit everything into your timetable.
G. These days we talk about our physical health endlessly, but sometimes our mental health gets overlooked.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I love traveling and when I am tired with work, I will choose to travel to make myself relaxed. Three years ago, I was rather busy with my business and under a lot of___21___, so I went toAtlantafor a holiday. I just wanted to get away and___22___for a while.
One morning when I was walking around inAtlanta, a(n)___23___suddenly came to me. “Why don't I go to the GreekislandofSantoriniwhich I have long wished to pay a visit to?” Therefore, the idea of a two-week European___24___alone was born.
I was confident that I was brave enough to have driven___25___across theUSbefore, but traveling to other___26___whose languages aren't the same as mine___27___me. I was worried that I wouldn't be able to___28___with people there.
But I soon___29___that if 1 wanted to follow my dreams, I had to___30___out of my comfort area. If I let___31___take control of me, I'd get nowhere.
Immediately, I began making plans for my vacation. As 1___32___for more places to visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, another island inGreece, which I___33___just as much as I liked Santorini. When I arrived in___34___two days later, it was like I was in a dream. What I appreciated best was the bus ride toVenice. As I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw, I was completely___35___from the pressure of my work. How___36___it was to see people riding their bikes to the___37___they would like to go to!
It's such a wonderful experience that 1 won't forget it forever. Some people might say, "It's not a big___38___: it's justVenice. Thousands of people go there every day,“ But it was more than that to me. It was about having a___39___and when it was time for it to come true, don't be afraid to let it___40___.
21. A. joy B. loss C. pressure D. pain
22. A. sleep B. relax C. work D. wait
23. A. invitation B. incident C. stranger D. idea
24. A. stay B. research C. study D. vacation
25. A. fast B. alone C. entirely D. together
26. A. cities B. parks C. countries D. companies
27. A. attracted B. interested C. surprised D. frightened
28. A. agree B. play C. communicate D. travel
29. A. selected B. responded C. realized D. suggested
30. A. look B. step C. make D. watch
31. A. fear B. pride C. anger D. courage
32. A. searched B. provided C. asked D. cared
33. A. hated B. questioned C. doubted D. liked
34. A. Asia B. Europe C. America D.Africa
35. A. absent B. free C. different D. tired
36. A. nice B. generous C. hard D. painful
37. A. castles B. places C. situation D. homeland
38. A. deal B. reality C. order D. event
39. A. business B. dream C. future D. play
40. A. explore B. decrease C. go D. disappear
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Earth Day___41.___(found) in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 2020 occurred on Wednesday, April 22—the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that's sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of______42.______(event) which focused on green living.
___43.___(elect) to the U. S. Senate (参议院)in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was______44.______risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after______45.______(inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach--ins” that were taking place on college campuses around the United States.
Denis Hayes, a young activist______46.______had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day’s national coordinator (协调者), and he worked with______47.______group of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office______48.______(organize) the project.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising_____49._____(aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson
later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 was “climate action”. Earth Day. org hoped it would be the_______50._______(large) volunteer event in history.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.下面短文中有10处语言错误。

每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last year I attended an after-school program calling Young at Arts where I learned dancing. My most favorite teacher at Young at Arts was Mrs. Li. She changed the way she looked at life. Before I met Mrs. Li, I wouldn’t dare to trying anything I didn’t think I would be successfully in. Mrs. Li talked with me to help me get through hard times that I was frustrated with not only dancing, but also life. She teach me that my attitude can be important than my talent. It was her encourage that helped me leave my comfort zone and achieved what I hadn’t expected before.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Henry started his teddy bear craft-making hobby when he was only 9 years old. Now a teen, his one-of-a-kind collection has grown into thousands, but you won't find his bears on the shelf at home. His mission of kindness has the only purpose of donating his creations to put a smile on the faces of sick children and lift their spirits.
The young boy's work began one day when he was Christmas shopping with his mother. He asked if he could buy a few presents for sick children in hospitals. His mother had to infuse because the family, which included nine children, could simply not afford the extra cost. Henry told his mother not to worry-he would make the toys himself.
“I hadn’t sewed（缝纫）anything before. In the beginning, it took me a lot of practice,“ Henry recalled.
He borrowed his mother's sewing machine and got straight to work. He learned to create the toy animals by trial and error, using the Internet for instructions. It took him five hours to make his first bear, which he described as “a simple, ugly bear”. With much practice and effort, he was able to cut his time down to one hour per bear, and he began creating unique, bright-color1 ed bears that kids love to hug.
Throughout his youth, while most other children were playing video games or skateboarding , Henry was
working on a sewing machine, making stuffed animals. What drives his hard work is seeing firsthand how a child changes when they are gifted a teddy bear. Each child's eyes light up with joy, and for a moment, they forget their illness.
“They smile, and some hug me. It makes their whole day better," said Henry, describing how children typically react when he hands them a toy bear. He believes each bear inspires a sense of hope in the receiver.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After his story was aired on TV, Henry started his own organization.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Then the young boy launched his own channel（频道）on the Internet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. A
7. B
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. E 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. B
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32.
A 33. D 34.
B 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. C
41. was founded
42. events 43. Elected
44. at 45. being inspired
46. who / that
47. a 48. to organize
49. awareness
50. largest
51.(1).calling→called
(2).将most 去掉
(3).she →I
(4).trying→try
(5).successfully→successful
(6).that →when
(7).teach→taught
(8).在be后加more
(9).encourage→encouragement
(10).achieved→achieve
52.略。