2021年黑龙江省实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案

2021年黑龙江省实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.
But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.
Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.
Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.
Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”
The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.
1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?
A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.
B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.
C. It is commonly seen in September each year.
D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.
2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.
A. are kind to each other
B. are easy to lose direction
C. are too huge to float in the sea
D.are silly to follow the leading whale
3. What is the story mainly about?
A. How human activity has affected whales.
B. What might cause whale strandings.
C. How whales find their direction while traveling.
D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.
B
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.
Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, finding all coral populations disappear gradually, they said.
Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.
Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.
Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately, but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.
“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.
“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.
4. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?
A. Destroyed habitats.
B. Climate change.
C. Lack of seafood.
D. Bleaching events.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Many species has been dying out slowly.
B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.
C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.
D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.
6. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?
A. Worried.
B. Angry.
C. Hopeful.
D. Surprised.
7. What is probably the best title for the passage?
A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier Reef
B. The Species of ocean Life Are In Danger
C. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get Worse
D. Sea Ecosystems Are In Decline
C
According to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.
There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic
models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and even illness.
On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.
8. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.
A. explain the relationship between morality and culture
B. describe the moral rules found all around the world
C. contrast the distinction between right and wrong
D. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality
9. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. acting moral allows us to fit into group better
B. morality brings the system of controlling behavior
C. contrast the distinction between right and wrong
D. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality
10. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?
A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.
C. The concern about reputation.
D. a dirty conscience.
11. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?
A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.
B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.
C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.
D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.
D
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived atHeathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch theskaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caughta few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
12. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed.
B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there.
D. He had disagreements with his family.
13. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful!
B. Well done!
C. No way!
D. Don't worry!
14. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A. To join the skateboarding.
B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks.
D. To relive his childhood days
15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
B. Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项“Communication is the most essential and sociable of all human behaviors”, which is absolutely true as for human community. Communication is the majority of everyone’s social life. “Without communication, life would be as cold as a rock.”___16___Because these certain conversations can make people attracted. Personally, we should consider the following three aspects to make good communication.
To start good communication, we can make certain adequate preparations, especially some questions.___17___We can ask some questions to show our politeness, respect and sincere care. For example, have you been carrying on well recently? What do you favor in your spare time ? Remember to think again before you put forward a question.
The most important part of communication is to listen.___18___Permit others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest in their comments, making necessary gestures to show you are listening. Do not interrupt others when they express excitedly. Being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener will help you a lot.
___19___Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. During communicating with others, we should look the speakers in the eye kindly. It will help us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding. Do not hesitate to look into them. But you hadbetter not stare at them and not look at them for too long.___20___
A. Enjoy good communication, being friends with them.
B. It is usually said that eyes are windows to the soul.
C. It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to continue talking.
D. They believe they wanna know and even convince us.
E. We should concentrate on others’ saying and think in their shoes.
F. It is considered to be fairly comfortable to be asked fine questions.
G. Furthermore, good communication is an interesting attraction in our daily life.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When my family moved to Ohio over the summer, I feared attending another new school and knowing noone because I was able to expect what was coming. I had bright red hair and big glasses. In addition, I was___21___and not very sociable. Boarding the school bus that first day, I felt like all___22___on me. I could hear the whispers, "She's huge!” Obviously, the kids on the bus had known each other well. I spent that first bus___23___in silence.
The following day was even___24___I did not notice that a few boys had tied a shoelace across the aisle（走道)and thus fell down on the bus,___25___everything I was carrying.___26___I was embarrassingly gathering my supplies, I could hear the laughter, and then the___27___" That felt like an earthquake!" Anyway, I___28___to find a seat. Looking out of the window, I___29___the tears welling up in my eyes.
I began___30___the afternoon school bus___31___, walking home instead. Then,___32___, I started losing weight. And as I became___33___with myself, I began making friends.
One of my newly-found friends also___34___with her weight, wanting to be a "perfect" cheerleader. She lived near my neighborhood so we would meet and___35___together. This became a daily routine with talking and laughing___36___the way—different from the lonely walks I had taken. My friend said that I didn't have to be___37___and I just had to be me, and be happy with myself.
While I would not want to relive that time of loneliness, sadness and embarrassment, I am___38___I made it through. Whenever I am struggling with any other problem in life, I always___39___the proverb "This too shall pass. " If you can find a path with no challenges, it probably doesn't___40___anywhere.
21. A.outgoing B.intelligent C.friendly D.overweight
22. A.smiles B.bags C.eyes D.stories
23. A.lift B.ride C.drive D.service
24. A.worse B.longer C.funnier D.duller
25. A.missing B.losing C.leaving D.dropping
26. A.Though B.While C.Since D.Because
27. A.arguments B.decisions C.words D.discussions
28. A.determined B.planned C.pretended D.managed
29. A.kept away B.took back C.held back D.put away
30. A.missing B.stopping C.catching D.searching
31. A.on purpose B.by chance C.in reality D.with excitement
32. A.uninterestedly B.uncertainly C.unexpectedly D.unfortunately
33. A.concerned B.happy C.angry D.disappointed
34. A.fought peted C.dealt D.lived
35. A.run B.study C.play D.walk
36. A.along B.across C.by D.in
37. A.thin B.perfect . C.sociable D.strict
38. A.excited B.upset C.regretful D.proud
39. A.remember B.create C.write D.borrow
40. A.know B.lead C.end D.stay
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why modern music should quieten down
Quietness may be underestimated values in pop music.___41.___(look) up “the loudest band in the world” and you will be confronted with a large number of rock giants from Manowar who proudly achieved a sound pressure level of 139 dB to Motor-head. The pickings are slim___42.___we substitute “quiet” for “loud”.
In a way, increasing the volume of a song makes biological sense, something the music industry ___43.___(exploit) since the jukebox era. There is an organ in the inner ear called sacculus that in linked to a region of the brain___44.___(associate) with pleasure and react to low-frequency vibrations over 90 dB.
On the other hand,___45.___(focus) sorely on loudness ignores the infinitely more subtle appeal of being quiet. A French band called “Air”,___46.___twenty-years collection was released on June 10, are masters of the art. As any teacher knows, quietness can be more effective than shouting to make people pay attention. Air employed this gentle persuasion on Moon Safari, an album that attracts the listener ___47.___the peaceful sound of rain and muted drums. Even when Air do increase the volume, the vocalist's voice remains one of___48.___(gentle) noises in pop. Given its warmth and peacefulness, it is no coincidence___49.___the album was a favourite among clubbers after a night out. It is a time when the desire for kindness, companionship and warmth prevails.
So forget the “loudness war”. Manowar____50.____be happy with their 139 dB, but they are
comprehensively defeated by fireworks, which reach 145 to 150 dB when they explode, and the call of the blue whale, which goes all the way up to 188 dB. Now that' something to shout about.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.下面短文中有10处语言错误。

每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last year I attended an after-school program calling Young at Arts where I learned dancing. My most favorite teacher at Young at Arts was Mrs. Li. She changed the way she looked at life. Before I met Mrs. Li, I wouldn’t dare to trying anything I didn’t think I would be successfully in. Mrs. Li talked with me to help me get through hard times that I was frustrated with not only dancing, but also life. She teach me that my attitude can be important than my talent. It was her encourage that helped me leave my comfort zone and achieved what I hadn’t expected before.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是育才中学的学生李华，你校英籍教师Ms. Wilson很喜欢中国文化，特别是丝绸。

你推荐并邀请她参观市丝绸博物馆，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1.博物馆地点；
2.博物馆开放时间；
3.博物馆简介。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Ms. Wilson,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B
16. G 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. C
21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A 32.
C 33. B 34. A 35.
D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
41. Look
42. if##when
43. has exploited##has been exploiting
4 associated
44. focusing
45. whose 46. with
47. the gentlest
48. that 49. may
51.(1).calling→called
(2).将most 去掉
(3).she →I
(4).trying→try
(5).successfully→successful
(6).that →when
(7).teach→taught
(8).在be后加more
(9).encourage→encouragement
(10).achieved→achieve
52.略。