B4U4grammar

5. “ Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
Attention Please
注意：但如果V-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑 主语不能与主句的主语构成关系时，必须
另加上自己的逻辑主语。即：“名词+V-
ing!”----独立主格结构
Attention Please
1. 现在分词作评论性状语时，其逻辑主语必 修与主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关 系。被动则用V-ed. 但是短语 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth等是固定搭配。不受主 语影响。 Judging from his face, he was very angry. Compared with his bike, mine looks better.
进行的动作”。
• Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. • =When I was walking in the street, • Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. • =If you work hard, you’ll surely succeed.
表语
3. This story she told us was very ____________(interest) interesting
4. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw
several young people enter the waiting area looking _______ (look)
Revision
Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words Talking 1. _______(talk) to him is talking to a wall. 主语
2. He admitted ________(take) the money. 宾语 taking
V-ing 的否定式： 直接在分词前面加not
总结4：
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 (not) doing
主动、正在 进行
(not) being done
被动、正在 进行
完成式 (not)
having done
主动、先主句 动作已经发生
(not) having been done
被动、先主句动作 已经发生
时间
6) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
= The child slipped and fell, so his head hit against the door.
结果
总结3. V-ing 现在分词作状语： 注意1：可以表示时间, 原因, 结果,条件, 行为方式或伴随动 作等，相当于一个带“连词”的状语从句。（另不表目 的状语！） 注意2：V-ing作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主 语!且与主句主语构成“主动”关系，表“正在或同时
Please study the following sentences and analyze the use of the underlined words!
1. He speaks English well. （副词作状语） 2. Please come here in the evening. （介词短语作状语） 3. I come to see you. （不定式作目的状语） 4. When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
（从句作状语）
5. Walking along the street, I met Mary.
（分词作状语）
状语的位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中，来说明地点、 时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等， 去掉状语，句子仍然完整。
V-ing现在短语作状语 (一)特点： 与主句主语是“主动关系”,表示动作的“同时性”。 1) I stood for a minute watching them and went to greet them.
Attention Please
Time__________(permit) , I will pay a visit to permitting the whole city. permits =If time_________(permit), I will pay a visit to the whole city. The day _____(be) fine, we decided to go being swimming. is = If the day __(be) fine, we decided to go swimming.
解题步骤，我们一起来总结
1、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分 2、找准逻辑主语 3、判断主、被动关系 4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语 动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完 成式还是一般式。
单句改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing
状语
around curiously.
5. I saw several young people enter/entering _______________ (enter) the
_________ waiting (wait)area.
定语
宾补
动词ing形式作状语
1. 什么词可以作状语？ 2. 状语的位置在哪里？ 3. 状语的功能是什么？
伴随状语
伴随状语
2) Then Akira Nagata from Japan came smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.
3) When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through
the door, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face.
1、找逻辑主语 2、判断主、被动关系
Seeing the hill , we find the city very beautiful. • 1） Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more • 2） beautiful to us.
3)Being repaired , the desk made a lot of noise. • 4） The old man,having worked abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. • 5） Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.
原因 =Because he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
3) Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.
=If you work hard, you’ll surely succeed.
条件
4 ）They also现在分词作状语所表达的意思更加明确， express their feelings using unspoken 为了使 V-ing language. 方式 可以在 V-ing现在分词前加上适当的连词(如when, =They express their与 feelings by （the way of）+Vwhile, also if, unless though once等）。即：“连词 unspoken language. ingusing ”结构 5) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened.
方式状语
Ving现在分词作状语 （二）位置特点:
V-ing 形式在句中作状语，一般放在主句 前或后。
1.She stepped back appearing surprised. 2. Walking in the street, I came across an old fri能 1) Four people entered the room looking around in a 伴随 curious way.
= Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.