【2020最新】山东省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练9

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【2020最新】山东省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练9
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山东省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练9
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，
选出最佳选项。

Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up,” says science writer Matt Ridley.” The world has never been a better
place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both
for humans and for nature.”
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he’s carefully weighed the evidence; optim istic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he’s set out to
prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand
enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.
Here’s how he explains his views.
1) Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing
for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.
This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the
better off we’ll be.
2) Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ wo rk to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.
3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change
Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel(化石燃烧) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies
in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.
1. What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?
A. Weakness of human nature.
B. Concern about climate change.
C. Importance of practical thinking.
D. Optimism about human progress.
2. How does Ridley look at shopping?
A. It encourages the creation of things.
B. It
results in shortage of goods.
C. It demands more fossil fuels.
D. It causes a poverty problem.
3. The candle and lamp example is used to show
that .
A. oil lamps give off more light than candles
B. shortening working time brings about a happier life
C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles
D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of
goods
4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.
B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.
C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.
D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.
【参考答案】1-4 DADB
A
Taking exams in a large group setting can be stressful
for students and for the staff members who are watching over
them. When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting.One university in Thailand came up with an anti-cheating hat that makes it almost impossible for students to see other students’ papers. A photo of the students wearing the anti-cheating
hats made its way to the internet, and the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. The hats were made by stapling two pieces of paper onto a headband, one to each side of the head.
1. Why was the university criticized on the Internet?
A．The homemade anti-cheating hat looked too simple.
B．Wearing the anti-cheating hat made students look ridiculous.
C．Wearing the anti-cheating hats couldn’t prevent students from cheating in the exam.
D．The university forced students to wear the anti-cheating hat.
2. What’s most of the Kasetsart University students’attitude towards the cheating hat?
A. skeptical
B. supportive
C. objective
D. negative
3. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.
A. It’s useless wearing the anti-cheating hat in the exam.
B. Kasetsart students are often caught cheating in the exam.
C. Wearing the anti-cheating hat is effective in some degree.
D. Some students are forced to wear the anti-cheating hat.
参考答案1-3 BBC
B
We know that sugary sodas aren’t good for our bodies. Now it turns out that they may not be good for our minds, either. A new study of more than 260,000 people has found a link between sweetened soft-drinks and depression, and diet sodas may be making matters worse.
The study studied 263,925 people between the ages of 50 and 71. Researchers followed their consumption of drinks
like soda, tea coffee, and other soft drinks from 1995 to 1996 and then. 10 years later, asked them if they had been diagnosed with depression since the year 20xx. More than 11,3000 of them had.
Participants who drank more than four servings of sodas per day were 30 percent more likely to develop depression than participants who did not drink sodas at all. People who stuck with fruit punch(鸡尾酒), had a 38 percent higher risk than people who didn’t drink sweetened drinks. And all that
extra sugar isn’t the actual problem. Researchers say that the artificial sweetener aspartame may be to blame.
4．What has the new study of more than 260,000 people found?
A. Sugary sodas aren’t good for the physical health of old people.
B. Americans have a special tooth for sweet foods.
C. Sweetened soft-drinks may increase the risk of depression.
D. Sweetened soft-drinks have important physical consequences.
5．What do we know about the process of the study?
A. About twenty-six thousand people participated in it.
B. The oldest participants were below 80 when the study was over.
C. Most of the participants had depression when the study was over.
D. The study lasted more than ten years from the beginning to the end.
6．It is implied in the passage that ______.
A. more research is needed to confirm the new findings
B. the new findings aren’t consistent with any previous findings
C. cutting one’s sodas intake will surely reduce one’s depression
D. the new findings won’t have an impact on people’s drinking habits
7．What should you drink in order to reduce the risk of depression?
A.Sodas.
B.Unsweetened coffee.
C.Sugary coffee.
D.Fruit punch.
参考答案4-7 CDAB
C
I must have been about fourteen then, and I put away the incident from my mind with the easy carelessness of youth.
But the words, Carl Walter spoke that day, came back to me years later, and ever since have been of great value to me.
Carl Walter was my piano teacher. During one of my lessons he asked how much practicing I was doing. I said
three or four hours a day.
“Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?”
“I try to.”
“Well, don’t,” he said loudly. “When you grow up,
time won’”
I admit I have never learnt how to let go easily at the end of the five or ten minutes. But life can be counted on
to supply interruptions. Carl Walter has had a significant
influence on my life. To him I owe the discovery that even very short periods of time add up to all useful hours I need, if I throw myself into it without delay.
8. The meaning of “stretch” in the underlined part is the same as that in the sentence “”.
A. The dog woke up, had a good stretch and wandered off.
B. Bob worked as a government official for a stretch of over twenty years.
C. My family wasn’t wealthy by any stretch of the imagination.
D. This material has a lot of stretch in it.
9. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The author didn’t take the teacher’s words to heart at first.
B. Rapid concentration is more difficult than people imagine.
C. The author thanked his teacher for teaching him to work in long stretches.
D. Carl Walter has influenced the writer greatly since
he was a student.
10. We can infer that the author________.
A. has new books published each year however busy his teaching is
B. is tired of interruptions in life because he always has much work
C. has formed a bad habit of chewing a pencil while writing his novels
D. makes mental preparations beforehand so as to focus on work quickly
11. What is probably the best title for this text?
A. Concentrate on Your Work
B. A Little at a Time
C. How I Became a Writer
D. Good Advice
参考答案8-11 BADB
D
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
12. The underlined phrase “a residential area” means an area______.
A. where people can buy things
B. which is suitable for living in
C. where people can do business
D. which is near a
city center
13. Why do people move to live in cities or towns?
B. Because they like noisy life better than peaceful
life.
C. Because they mainly want to find work there.
D. Because they are sure of having a better life there.
14. Which of the following statement is NOT true about
the business district?
B. People usually work and live in the business district.
C. A business district usually lies in the city center downtown.
D. Nearly every major city has its own business district.
15. We can infer that this movement from rural to urban areas_____.
A. has been going on for more than 2,000 years.
B. will surely continue in the future
C. may not continue in the future
D. has now stopped already
参考答案12-15 BCBC
11 / 11。