高一英语必修第一册(2019版)_Unit3_Discovering_Useful_S重难点词汇详解

Unit3 Discovering Useful Structures 重难点词汇详解1. compete vi.竞争；对抗
教材原文
An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.
如果一名运动员正在为他的/她的国家竞争，他/她就应该考虑名誉和他的/她的粉丝。

经典例句
①Runners f rom many countries are competing for the international prize.
来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为（获得）这项国际奖而竞争。

②Both sides of the competition insisted on their own opinions.
比赛双方坚持他们各自的观点。

③That company is a strong competitor of us.
那家公司是我们强有力的竞争对手。

应用佳句
(2018 江苏，阅读理解C) It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.
它使小规模农场主每小时能收割175磅的绿色蔬菜——相比于用手工收割只有几十磅来讲是一个巨大的提升——这一下子就使小农场主与加利福尼亚的大农场主竞争成为可能。

2.make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
教材原文
That doesn’t make any sense!
那没有任何道理！
经典例句
①She doesn’t talk much, but what she says makes sense.
她讲话不多，但她所说的都有道理。

（句中what引导主语从句）
②Can you make sense of what he is saying?
你能理解他在说什么吗？（句中what引导宾语从句）
③What you say is right, in a sense.
从某种意义上来说你所说的是对的。

④Dogs have a keen sense of smell.
狗有灵敏的嗔觉。

⑤I haven’t got a very good sense of direction, so I easily get lost.
我没有很好的方向感，因此我容易迷路。

应用佳句
(2018 浙江，阅读理解B)His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he，s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.
当你考虑到他是一位研究怎样减少垃圾，包括从行驶在路上的垃圾车上掉落的东西的环境科学家时，他的奇怪的习惯就容易理解了。

(China Daily 2019 年2 月)They have a great sense of responsibility to finish what they are engaged in.
他们有很强的要完成他们所参与的事情的责任感。

3.pretend vi. & vt.假装;装扮
教材原文
A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/ her team.
即使假装摔倒有助于他的/她的球队，足球运动员也不应该这样做。

经典例句
①She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.
她闭上眼睛，装作睡着了。

②She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room.
我进房间时，她假装在读一本小说。

③Anne pretended not to have heard about the news，but as a matter of fact, she knew it last week.
安妮假装没听说过这个消息，但事实上，她上周就知道了。

④She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.
她假装喜欢他们，以便能得到他们的帮助。

（句中so that引导目的状语从句）应用佳句
She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page. 她会打开一本书，假装看书，眼泪落在打开的书页上。

4.cheat vi.作弊;舞弊vt.欺骗;蒙骗n.欺骗手段;骗子
教材原文
You should never cheat.
你永远都不应该作弊。

经典例句
①I would rather fail than cheat in the examination.
我宁愿考试不及格，也不愿在考试时作弊。

②They cheated the old woman of her house and money. 他们骗取了老妇人的房屋和钱财。

③She claimed that I cheated at chess.
她声称我下国际象棋时作弊。

④He is a shameless cheat.他是个无耻的骗子。

应用佳句
(2015 课标I，七选五）Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.
不论我们是否被偷过（东西），被撒谎（骗）过，被误导过，或被不忠过，都有不同程度的信任丧失。

5.audience n.观众;听众
教材原文
I see what you mean, but the audience wants fair play.
我明白你的意思，但观众想要公平的比赛。

经典例句
①The audience was no less than five thousand.
观众不少于五千人
②Audiences are requested to be their seats by 7:25.
要求观众在7:25之前人座。

③The show attracts a regular audience of about 20 million. 这个节目吸引了大约两千万固定观众。

应用佳句
(2018 浙江，阅读理解A) It’s partly true that Dickens，style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.
狄更斯的写作风格各业的读者，这在一定程度上确实如此。

(BBC 2019 年3 月)You would expect an actor to be eloquent and able to perform on stage in front of an audience.
你会期望一位演员能言善辩，能够面对观众在舞台上表演。