高二英语Unit3-4知识点总结及重难点(含高考真题带解析)

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4
【短语归类】【考点】含come into 的动词短语
①come into being 形成；产生②come into effect / force 开始实施；生效③come into use / service 开始使用④come into power 开始执政；上台⑤come into view / sight 进入视线
⑥come into fashion 开始流行
[例句] Romanticism didn't come into being until in the late 18 century in Europe. 浪漫主义运动直到18世纪未期才产生于欧洲。

The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 使用安全带的新规定于上周生效。

【考例】The church gate came into ____ as we rounded the next corner.
A. being
B. service
C. effect
D. view
[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词搭配问题。

[答案与解析]D 题意：我们又拐了一个弯时，教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘。

4. go against 违反，违背(意愿、原则等)；对……不利
(无被动形式)
He was afraid that the hattie would go against them. 他害怕那场战斗会对他们不利。

I'm not to go against my own family. 我不会背离我自己的家人的。

6. The sign says "Keep out!"
牌子上写着：“请勿入内!”keep out (of) 挡住，不让进He closed the window t0 keep the wind out (of the house). 他关上窗户不让风进来(进房子)。

类似用法：Keep offthe grass! 请勿践踏草地! keep off 别碰，避开
You'd better keep off the sweet food. 你最好少吃甜食。

【考点】含as 的动词短语
①experience...as = consider...as = look upon / on…as = treat...as 把……认为是
②act as 担任；起……的作用③serve as 当，充当④work as 当，充当⑤use...as把……用作……[例句] He serves as a waiter in a restaurant. 他在一家餐馆里当服务员。

The theory is experienced as very advanced. 这个理论被认为是非常高深的．He acted as chairman in my absence. 我不在时他担任主席。

【考例】Classroom testing, if well down, most certainly ____ as a stimulus (刺激) to study and real learning. A. uses B. looks C. acts D. does
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语动词的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]C 弄清题意。

准确地判断空白处的意义。

题意是：课堂测试，如果做得好的话，一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用。

也就是说，课堂测试可以充当刺激。

A项应该使用被动态，B、D两项则不能和as 构成搭配。

2. call up 打电话，唤醒，使人想起Please call me up at five.
请五点叫醒我(或：五点打电话给我) The sound of seagulls called up his happy memories of his childhood.
海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。

已学与call 常见的搭配还有：call for (要求，来找某人) call in (召集，召来) call off (取消，挂断电话) call at / on (拜访某地／某人)
【考点】含up 的动词短语
①call up 召唤；调动；使人想起；打电话给②light up 照亮；变得高兴起来③fill up 填写；盛满④take up 占用；拿起；从事⑤pick up 拾起；接送；听到；学会
[例句] Your letter calls up the days when we worked together in the countryside 20 years ago. 你
的信使人想起20年前我们在一起工作的日子。

Sue's face lighted up when she heard the good news. 听到这个好消息时，苏流露出愉快的面容。

The room soon filled up with people. 房间里不久就挤满了人。

She's taken up flower-decoration at evening classes. 她在夜校学习插花。

【考例】It has been raining harder and harder for quite a few days. The village seemed to be in danger of being flooded．Mr Smith decided to ____ all the youngmen in the village to strengthen the river bank. A. call in B. call up C. call at D. call for
[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B call in 召进，请进。

call at (a place)访问(某地)。

call / or需要，去接。

【考点1】含look的短语①look at 看待；考虑；检查②look around / about 环顾
③look up 查阅；仰视④look into 调查⑤look on 旁观⑥look back on 回顾，回想
⑦look down upon / on 看不起；鄙视⑧look over 翻阅；复习；检查⑨look to 照顾；注意⑩look up to 尊敬⑩1ook forward to 盼望；预计会有⑥look out for 提防；当心⑩look on / upon...as... 把……看作……⑩look like 看上去像⑥look for 寻找⑩look sb. up and down 上下打量某人⑥look after 照看；照料⑩look ahead 向前看⑩look out 小心：看外面
④look through 浏览；检查
[例句] The police are looking into the records of all those involved in the crime. 警方正在调查所有涉嫌这起犯罪的记录。

Looking back on it, one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference. 回顾过去，人们会意识到那不是一次成功的会议。

That's the way I look at it．那就是我看待这事的方式。

When all the facts have been looked up, pass them on to me. 所有事实查出后，转交给我。

【考例】In order to get a better solution. I think we'd better ____ the question from all sides.
A. look out
B. look up
C. look for
D. look at
[答案与解析]D不同的介词或副词搭配，有不同的意义。

look out 查处，找出；当心，注意。

look for 寻找。

7. -- Will somebody go and get Dr. White? 有人去请怀特医生了吗? -- He's already been sent for. 已经派人去了。

send for 派人请，叫人拿We sent for the document this morning. 我们今天上午派人去取这份文件。

与send 的常见搭配有：send off (发出) send up (发射) send out (发出)等。

8. Each month she tried to set aside part of her salary. 每月他都设法留出工资的一部分。

set aside 把……放在一边；留出He set aside his book and lit a cigarette. 他把书放在一边，点燃一支香烟。

aside 其他常见用法还有：move aside (移到旁边) put sth. aside for sb. (把某物留给某人) stand aside (靠边站)
【考点】副词短语①far from 完全不．远不②next to 儿乎；仅次于③in a hurry 匆忙；很快地[例句] The problem is far from (being) easy. 这个问题完全不容易。

Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder. 用纸糊天花板没有梯子儿乎是不可能的。

She dressed herself in a hurry. 她匆匆地穿上衣服。

▲友情提示：far from 后可接名词、形容词，或being +形容词／名词。

next to后常接一些否定词。

【考例】I'm terribly sorry to tell you that your work is far from ____.
A. satisfying
B. a satisfaction
C. being satisfactory
D. to satisfy
[答案]C
☆精典题例☆( )2. When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
【解析】选A 该题从句使用了省略形式，省略了与主句主语一致的主语the museum 和系动词is。

在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，同时从句谓语动词又含有系动词be，常可省略从句主语与系动词be．．
( )1. Modern plastics can ____ very high and very
low temperatures． A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support
【解析】选A 句意为“承受高温或低温”，故选stand。

( )4. The manager decided to give the job to ____ he believe had a strong sense of duty.
A. whoever
B. whomever
C. who
D. no matter who
【解析】选A whoever引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。

但同时又做主句的主语，不能用whomever；而no matter who 引导让步状语从句，所以也不能用。

( )3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness if ____.
A. leaving untreated
B. left untreated
C. leaving to untreat
D. left untreating
【解析】选B if后的逻辑关系是：这种病被忽视未被治疗，表示被动关系，通过两个分词left和untreated表示。

完整句子为：if it is left untreated，分词作非谓语动词可带连词。

( )6. In the dark forests ____, some large enough to hold several English towns.
A. stand many lakes
B. lie many lakes
C. many lakes lie
D. many laks stand
【解析】选B 该句倒装，主语是lakes，不及物动词stand，lie均可用来表达“位于”，但stand意为“站立，屹立”，用于立体物体；lie为“躺，卧”，相对于平面而言。

( )5. ____ nice，the fish was sold out soon.
A. Tasted
B. Tasting
C. To taste
D. Being taste
【解析】选B 系动词，作不及物动词用，无被动语态。

所以不能用过去分词．而用现在分词，tasting nice做原因状语。

( )8. -- Will $200 ____? -- I'm afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars.
A. count
B. satisfy
C. fit
D. do
【解析】选D 问句意为“200美元可行吗?”do可作不及物动词，作“行，可以”解，表示对莱一事实的认可。

fit意为“吻合”，不是抽象意义的“合适”。

( )7. The scientists my the plant's ____ in this area was a terrible sign of the worse environment. A. introduetion B. absence C. presence D. appearance 【解析】选B 全句意为“这个地区这种植物的消失是环境恶化的一种迹象”。

( )10. You don't look well recently. Try to ____ strong wine.
A. keep off
B. keep out
C. keep out of
D. keep up
【解析】选A keep off意为“别碰，远离”，句意是“身体不好，不要喝烈酒”；keep up意为“坚持，保持”；keep out(of)意为“不让……进来”。

( )9. The key doesn't ____ the lock. A. fit B. fit for C. fit to D. fit with 【解析】选A 此处应作及物动词用，意为“这把钥匙不是配这把锁的”，不及物用法应为fit in with，形容词用法应是be fit for 或be fit to do...。