2020年东莞市东城第一中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案

2020年东莞市东城第一中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Best Cities to Visit in Winter
Cold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But here are four cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination:
Prague,Czech Republic
With its snow-capped spires and winding streets,Pragueis a fairytale city that remains ly tourist-free in winter.
The amazing architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow, with one of the most beautiful areas being the old town, with its Romanesque vaults. Gas street lamps have been placed throughout the city center, adding a romantic color1 to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold.
Salzburg,Austria
With its Christmas songs and traditional markets, this is a perfect city for a winter break. “Silent Night” was performed for the first time in thechurchofOberndorfon the border ofSalzburgon Christmas Eve in 1818.
The city's main market is held in the shadow ofSalzburg'sHohensalzburgCastle, but the one held inMirabell Squareis especially popular with food lovers who come to taste local food such as halusky—pieces of dumpling mixed with fried bacon.
Tromso,Norway
Tromso is widely regarded asNorway's most beautiful city and is a base for spoiling the northern lights. There are several attractive museums, including thePolarMuseum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and theTromsoMuseum, which is famous for its Sami exhibitions.
Amsterdam,Netherlands
In winter,Amsterdam' s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carre Theater is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.
1. What can you do inPrague?
A. Enjoy the fascinating architecture.
B. Taste local food halusky.
C. Appreciate Sami exhibitions.
D. Watch a circus performance.
2. Where was “Silent Night” first performed?
A. In thechurchofOberndorf.
B. InHohensalzburgCastle.
C. InMirabell Square.
D. In the Polar Museum.
3. Which city will you choose if you want to see the northern lights?
A. Prague.
B. Salzburg.
C. Tromso.
D.Amsterdam.
B
When I was trying to find a place where to spend my December holidays, I met by chance some cheap flights to Iceland. After checking just a few winter pictures of Iceland, I realized that the country, known as the land of fire and ice, during the cold months of the year could offer me experiences I had never had before.
For sure you can’t miss the chance to go to Iceland in winter if your traveling wish list includes at least one of the crazy experiences Iceland can offer. Iceland in the North Atlantic Ocean is a paradise (乐园) for all those who want to see the northern lights, experience cold weather conditions and put themselves in geothermal (地热的) baths while the snow is falling on their head.
The best way to move around Iceland is with a rental car. Distances are huge and public transport in winter is not really common out of the major towns. As we wanted to be even more convenient we decided to rent a small camper (野营车). Sleeping and cooking in a camper saved us a lot of driving, money and gave us the chance tobe always in the right place at the right time.
There were also no locals and in many cases no tourist facilities (设备). For us, as we slept in a camper, it was easier. But for tourists traveling by normal cars it is necessary to check the opening times ofhotels and restaurants as many of them run just from June to September.
It is amazing to experience how the weather is changing in Iceland. However, Icelanders prefer to stay inside their houses. They have even no time to complain about the weather in December. All they care about is Christmas. They love to decorate their houses, sing Christmas songs and eat typical Christmas food.
4. Why is Iceland famous as the land of fire and ice?
A. Because tourists would like to play with fire on the ice.
B. Because it is too dry to easily cause fire to happen.
C. Because it is hot inside a house and cold outside.
D. Because there exist hot springs and freezing ice.
5. What did the author think of the rented camper?
A. It was not only practical but also economical.
B. It was convenient but cost them more money.
C. It provided the best chance to see the new country.
D. It was much faster than other public transport.
6. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. The Icelanders prefer to live with their family.
B. The joy of Christmas drives the freezing weather away.
C. December is the coldest month of the year.
D. The Icelanders are always positive and stay outside.
7. What does this passage most probably come from?
A. A textbook
B. A scientific report
C. A travel magazine
D. A news report
C
A world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.
“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”
The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.
Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.
However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.
Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.
“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”
8. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?
A. Scientists have recreated new animals.
B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.
C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.
D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.
9. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.
A. bring extinct animals back to life
B. transplant the genes of tigers into other animals
C. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinction
D. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA
10. Mike Archer thinks that ________.
A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animals
B. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth again
C. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animals
D. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible
11. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.
A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animals
B. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian Government
C. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animals
D. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect
D
A team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.
The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By
creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.
To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.
Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.
Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.
“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”
These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.
12. What can we learn about actuators?
A. They can heal on their own.
B. They are biological muscles.
C. They can not move like human muscles.
D. They are slower to react than real muscles.
13. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?
A. Solids.
B. Liquid and oil.
C. A type of polymer.
D. Potato chips bags.
14. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The origin of actuators.
B. The opinions on actuators.
C. The advantages of actuators.
D. The significance of actuators.
15. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?
A. Health.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Technology.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Remember What You Read
Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what you've read!___16___you may have just read the text. But the ideas, concepts and images（形象）may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.
●___17___
If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely won't be able to remember what you read. It's a bit like reading a foreign language. If you don't understand what you're reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do... Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.
● Are you connected?
Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away.___18___ How willing are youto make the connections happen?
● Read it; hear it; be it!
Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. He'd make faces in themirror, and change his voice for each character.___19___
● How often do you read?
If you read frequently, you'll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading and what you've read.___20___As you make reading a regular part of your life, you'll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature- as you remember what you read!
A. Are you confused?
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. What's your motivation?
D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.
E. Marking helps you remember what you read.
F. But other books require a bit more work on your part.
G. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
One morning our new neighbor saw my grandfather planting two rare tree saplings(树苗）in our garden. And he also planted the same kind of tree saplings in his garden. My grandfather gave____21____enough amount of water to his plants and didn't always give them full___22___while our neighbor gave a lot of water to his plants and___23___them too well. My grandfather's plants were simple but looked good,___24___our neighbor's plants were much fuller and greener.
Normally, in summer, we have strong thunderstorms called "Kalboishakhi" which can bring great damage to life and___25___. After a "Kalboishakhi", my grandparents and I came out to____26____the damage to our garden and saw the neighbor was in his garden, too, but look___27___as his plants were uprooted. Our plants weren't damaged and were standing___28___on the ground, our neighbor was___29___to see this, and he came up to my grandfather and said with___30___, I actually looked after my plants better than you did for yours.___31___, my trees came off from the roots, but yours didn't. How is this___32___?"
My grandfather smiled and said, "You gave your plants more attention and water, so they didn’t have the___33___to work themselves for anything. I gave them just the ample amount of and manure (肥料），letting their___34___search for more;thus they went deeper and made their position stronger, That is why my plants____35____With an expression of deep___36___our neighbour nodded___37___It made me realize then that though my grandfather was___38___with me on many occasions even during our vacations with his do's and don'ts, I became aware that anything___39___got or can go off that much more easily and we will not___40___the hard work it takes earn those things. "
21. A. mainly B. nearly C. barely D. exactly
22. A. hope B. support C. time D. attention
23. A. dealt with B. looked after C. brought up D. waited on
24. A. and B. while C. so D. or
25. A. animals B. land C.environment D. possessions
26. A. predict B. analyze C. check D. confirm
27. A. tired B. upset C. bored D. ashamed
28. A. firm B. still C. bent D. abnormal
29. A. disappointed B. relieved C. frightened D. surprised
30. A. anger B. sorrow C. embarrassment D. anxiety
31. A. Anyway B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore
32. A. possible B. exciting C. alike D. suitable
33. A. reason B. need C. chance D. power
34. A. branches B. trunks C. leaves D. roots
35. A. survived B. twisted C. spread D. delayed
36. A. admiration B. doubt C. regret D. sadness
37. A. public B. peace C. approval D. turn
38. A. strict B. annoyed C. patient D. content
39. A. occasionally B. mistakenly C. secretly D. easily
40. A. understand B. accelerate C. oppose D. undertake
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
People have worked tearlessly to lose weight．Diets with fancy names come and go．Soon one fad（时尚）sweeps the dieting world and then_______41._______．
The big question is whether any of these weight loss plans have worked．If one had worked, wouldn't everyone just follow this_______42._______（success）weight loss plan?
The short answer is no, according to researchers_______43._______have been studying diets for over twenty years．Their research has repeatedly asked these sorts of questions, and always found the same_______44._______（disappoint）answers．Their findings offer a good explanation for why dieting over the long term is actually impossible．The fact is that the weight of most dieters won't become_______45._______（low）than before, because dieting is sure to fail．
When you diet, so many biological_______46._______（change）happen in your body that it becomes practically impossible_______47._______（keep）the weight off．It's not about your self-control or willpower．It's your brain telling your body not to lose weight．
But there's an entire industry that_______48._______（earn）money from convincing people that just the opposite is true．You can't believe anything that they say because their job isn't to tell you the _______49._______（true）——it's to make money, These companies make their money from your failure, not success．They need you to fail,________50.________you'll pay them again for the next dieting fad．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.短文改错
Generally spoken, the relationship between students and people around us was good. We are getting on well with each other. Therefore, there still exist some problems. Some students lose his temper easily because of
learning burden. They sometimes quarrel with others, that is very disappointing. In my opinion, we middle school students should make our efforts improve the situation. Firstly, we should respect of other people. Secondly, when we are not feeling happily, we can chat with our friends or teachers or even parents. This is likely that they can give us some reasonable advices. Last but not least, we can try to make some changes in our way of life.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的美国网友Mike来信说当地冬天，经常有暴风雪。

为保证学生安全，学校会在暴风雪天气停课。

他向你咨询“停课在家是否应该上网课”，请用英语写一封回信，内容包括：
1.你的看法；
2.你的理由。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.信的开头和结尾已为你写好。

参考答案
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. B
21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32.
A 33.
B 34. D 35. A 36.
C 37. C 38. A 39.
D 40. A
41. another
42. successful
43. who/that
44. disappointing
45. lower 46. changes
47. to keep
48. earns 49. truth
50. so
51.(1). spoken改为speaking
(2). was改为is
(3). Therefore改为However
(4). his改为their
(5). that改为which
(6). improve前加to
(7). respect后的of去掉
(8). happily改为happy
(9). This改为It
(10). advices改为advice 52.略。