2021年安徽省长丰县第一中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析

2021年安徽省长丰县第一中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem inability to read.
In the library,I found my way into the "Children's Room." I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book—Amos, the Beagle with a Plan ,1 borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later ,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
1. The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to ________.
A. let him spend a meaningful summer
B. encourage him to do more walking
C. help cure him of his reading problem
D. make him learn more about weapons
2. The book caught the author's eye because .
A. it reminded him of his own dog
B. he found its title easy to understand
C. it contained pretty pictures of animals
D. he liked children's stories very much
3. Which one could be the best title of the passage?
A. Mum's Strict Order.
B. My Passion forReading.
C. Reunion with My Beagle.
D. The Charm of a Book.
B
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore—it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents according to a study published in one journal on April 12.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are produced deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in products, such as toothpaste and cleansers. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash clothing, tiny microfibers get washed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain,and they are released into the sea.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) combines to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found on average to contain 40 pieces of microplastic. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen said. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
4. What do we know about microplastics?
A. They have a diameter of over 5 millimeters.
B. They have become a threat to humans.
C. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
D. They cause acid rain and plastic rain.
5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Waysto deal with microplastics.
B. The wide use of microplastics.
C. Where microplastics come from.
D. How microplastics pollute water.
6. What does Steve Allen want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. No place can be safe from microplastic pollution.
B. The atmosphere possesses the ability to self-cleanse.
C. Countries should work together to fight pollution.
D. Wind causes microplastics to move somewhere else.
7. The main purpose of the article is to________.
A. call on people to use fewer plastic products
B. warn people of the danger of microplastics
C. introduce the sources and effects of microplastics
D. make a comparison between acid rain and plastic rain
C
Not long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.
And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.
Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.
It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.
People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.
8. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The magazine.
B. The tradition.
C. The equipment.
D. The message.
9. What can we infer about technology?
A. It improves life quality.
B. It saves people's time.
C. It drives social progress.
D. It makes exercise less likely.
10. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?
A. To attach importance to health.
B. To present a doctor's prescription.
C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.
D. To introduce the latest medical application.
11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Exercise should be made more joyful.
B. It's more fun to work out with others.
C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.
D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.
D
With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.
Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event. Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies, says Martin Giurfa of the University of Toulouse. But the anomalous findings, together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences, aroused Giurfa’s curiosity. Was it possible that honeybees could reliably do the same? Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience. Within a honeybee colony, there are nurses, who clean the hive and feed the young; guards, who patrol and protect the hive; and foragers, who search for nectar.
While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking
them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.
The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day. Many foragers could even remember the odor three day later.
The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong, says André Fiala of the University of Göttingen. “People have done the experiments in a different way.” Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”
12. What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?
A. A model for memory research.
B. The classification of memories.
C. New research on learning and memory.
D. Previous findings on memory formation.
13. Which factor might influence a bee’s memory of an experience, according to Giurfa’s research?
A. Whether the bee's role is related.
B. Whether the bee is introduced or native.
C. How often the bee repeats the experience.
D. How long the bee is exposed to the reward.
14. What is Andre Fiala’s attitude towards the new results?
A. Doubtful.
B. Favorable.
C. Intolerant.
D. Unclear.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Learning and Memory: How Honeybees Remember
B. Honeybee Memory: Honeybee Knows What to Do
C. Honeybees Remember after Just One Lesson
D. Honeybees Use Memory for Communication
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Increase Your Distance in Long-Distance Running
Running long distances is a great way to get in shape, reduce stress, and feel great. As a result, many people come to love this form of exercise.____16____Here are some suggestions that might be of great help.
Commit to a training plan. To help you run longer, choose a training plan that works for you. It will help you increase your mileage (里程) gradually so you’ll be able to avoid injuries and build your endurance.____17____Then you’ll be able to mentally and physically prepare.
____18____To help you mentally get through your runs and increase your distance, try thinking of your run as having multiple sections. Once you finish with a section, you will be motivated to keep going through the next
one. If you have an exercise tracking device, you can break up your run by keeping track of your distance on your phone, watch, or other devices.
Increase your mileage gradually. To avoid getting tired or injured, add mileage to your runs gradually. It is suggested that you increase your mileage by only about 10% each week.____19____While it is great to push yourself, you need to give your body time to adjust.
Take breaks when you need them. While your goal may be to complete your long distance run without stopping, it is more important that you listen to your body and take breaks. You can choose to walk, drink water, or eat a quick snake when necessary.____20____
A. Break up your run into sections.
B. They will allow you to recover and run for even longer.
C. Before running, however, remember to prevent injuries.
D. It also lets you know what distance you have coming up.
E. Keep track of your distance on an exercise tracking device.
F. However, it can be hard for both experienced and new runners.
G. The majority of running injuries occur because of over-training.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
完形填空（30分）
When the host announced that my choir won the second place of the World Choir Game. I couldn't believe what I heard. All the___21___that we made earn their meaning. Through this unforgotten experience,I___22___much.
In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song. I suddenly heard an unexpected___23___—a girl in the alto (女低音)got quick. The other students in the alto were___24___by the girl and were gettingquicker and quicker. Our choir's leader, Mrs. Li noticed it and___25___used her hand to keep time, but she___26___. After the song, the smile on Mrs. Li's face___27___and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got___28___. My mind was blank, but quickly I___29___the only thing we could do was to___30___the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs. Li became a___31___again, who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. We sang the___32___song as usual. After the competition, I was___33___. Just because of one person's___34___, the whole choir must___35___the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no mater how hard we___36___the girl who played poorly.___37___, I
came to her, encouraged her, and practiced the whole melody with her.
In the finals, we got the medal because of our___38___performance. Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling___39___the same goal no matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures,___40___or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.
21. A. efforts B. promises C. senses D. differences
22. A. considered B. forgot C. respected D. learned
23. A. rap B. shout C. song D. voice
24. A. led away B. driven away C. given out D. turned down
25. A. similarly B. gradually C. immediately D. particularly
26. A. succeeded B. failed C. responded D. ignored
27. A. melted B. froze C. appeared D. stopped
28. A. wrong B. familiar C. bad D. slow
29. A. missed B. heard C. realized D. proved
30. A. start B. have C. begin D. complete
31. A. singer B. conductor C. dancer D. worker
32. A. late B. only C. last D. first
33. A. disappointed B. puzzled C. interested D. satisfied
34. A. success B. fault C. energy D. opinion
35. A. deny B. offer C. afford D. refuse
36. A. encouraged B. blamed C. called D. greeted
37. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Besides
38. A. bad B. common C. ordinary D. perfect
39. A. up B. out C. in D. towards
40. A. mistake B. surprise C. laughter D. sadness
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Most of us already know that attending a universal college means getting advantages and opportunities_____41._____a better future. In this Buzzle post, we will____42.____(discuss) some important points all the time on why we all should attend a college.
Many parents and high school____43.____( student) often want to know why college is important, and what can be gained from it. After all, a college education is not something____44.____comes cheap and it____45.____(do) take a few years before an individual can start to earn his/her own income. However, this is thinking about the future career education that becomes important. We know the purpose of a college education is to live____46.____better life.
Education is, after all, an____47.____(invest) and the more time invested in it, you will____48.____(eventual) translate it into a greater return. It is said that a person with a degree has the ability____49.____(earn) more than twice the amount that a person with a high school diploma will earn, in their lifetimes. Moreover, a degree gives one the option of_____50._____(enjoy) greater health benefits, tax benefits, and also garner respect in the society.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（A）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修所均仅吸一词；
只允许修改10处，多去(从第11处起)不计分。

My sister and I are riding our bikes outsideour town. Suddenly,we saw something small moving in the grass ahead of us.We all stopped to have a look.Soon we discovered it was a dog with an injure leg. We realized we had to help with the dog.We returned to the town with the dog.We were walking to the animal hospital while we saw a farmer.The dog ran immediate to him after see him.At that moment he knew he had to keep. The dog now lives the easy life on the farm with plenty of animal to play with.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

It was 8 o'clock on Sunday. Amy still stayed in bed, listening to the radio. Her mother, Hannah, asked her to switch off the radio and finish her homework, but she didn't listen. Her mother went out of the room with anger.
Next morning, Amy went to school cursing（咒骂）everyone possible for having to go to school. Even in school, Amy had a reputation（名声）of sorts for all the wrong reasons. She slept in class and did not finish her work. In playtime, Amy had to go out and play, but she tried to find an excuse saying that she was tired when someone
caught her walking away.
She came home with leftovers in her lunchbox or other complaint almost every day, and that day was also no different.
"Who can help me to change my daughter?" Hannah wondered.
Hannah never believed in raising her voice or raising her arm on Amy or on anyone for that matter. She believed and wished that her love and patience would one day change Amy.
One day a new family moved into Amy's apartment. They were very friendly people. They wanted to acquaint （使…熟悉）themselves with all the neighbors, so their little girl , Mary, was sent all around the neighborhood to find friends. Soon, Mary carne to Amy's home.
It didn't take much time for Mary to understand Amy. However, she was not put off by Amy's behavior. She knew that she needed to help Amy to change. She told Amy an idea that her teacher had once told the class in her previous school. "Blow a balloon whenever you're angry or upset about something or someone.
At first Amy did not listen to Mary, but Hannah tried her best to tell her that it was fun and brought her a pack of balloons.
That day, Amy wanted to play a guessing game with her mother, but Hannah wanted to finish her chores（杂活）in the kitchen first. Amy got angry.
注意
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:
She remembered what Mary told her and thought she would give it a try.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Amy is a changed person now.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D
12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
16. F 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
21. A 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32.
C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 38.
D 39. D 40. C
41. for
42. discuss
43. students
44. that 45. does
46. a 47. investment
48. eventually
49. to earn
50. enjoying
51.(1).are→were (2).all→both (3).injure→injured (4).删除with (5).while→when (6).immediate→immediately (7).see→seeing (8).keep后加it (9).the→an (10).animal→animals
52.略。