2020-2021学年北京市顺义区牛栏山第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年北京市顺义区牛栏山第一中学高三英语上学期期中考
试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.
No spectators
There are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Male and female flag-bearers
The International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.
Oath (宣誓) session updated
One of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.
Simplified ceremony
In the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.
In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.
1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?
A.To limit the number of people present.
B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.
C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.
D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.
2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?
A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.
B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.
C.Women will play a more important part in society.
D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.
3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.
B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.
C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.
D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.
B
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
4. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
C
A PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt madeof rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.
She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."
Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.
As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.
Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."
8. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?
A. She received 17 rejections in total.
B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.
C. The rejections were connected into a fan.
D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.
9. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?
A. Favorable.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Skeptical.
D. Opposed.
10. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?
A. Creative and considerate.
B. Caring and determined.
C. Optimistic and humorous.
D. Generous and intelligent.
11. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?
A. Hard work pays off.
B. Education is the entrance to success.
C. Self-respect earns more respect.
D. One needs to normalize failures.
D
It is that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It’ s not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars. Rather, it’ s because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year’s large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini(西葫芦).
My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That ’ s when she decided it was time to share herblessings.She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began to ask everyone in the neighborhood like a politician, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. “ Feel free to take whatever you want,”Sharontold her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn’t go to waste.
A few days later,Sharonanswered the door. There was the neighbor, holding some bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly, “I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn’t mind.”
Sharoncouldn’t think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so. “Oh, but you did,” the neighbor said. “You had some of the prettiest zucchini I’ve ever seen.”
Sharonwas confused. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn’ t even planted any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables,Sharonsmiled, “ Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning.”
The neighbor looked atSharon, shock written all over her face. Then she smiled, and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighborhood, “I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it.”
12. Why does the author suggest that people in the neighborhood should lock their cars?
A. They might be stolen by thieves.
B. They might be moved away by the police.
C. Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest.
D. Their neighbors might throw rubbish in them.
13. What does the underlined word “blessings” in the second paragraph mean?
A. Tomatoes.
B. God’s protection.
C.Helpful things.
D. Best wishes.
14. What did the neighbor do inSharon’s garden?
A. She harvested tomatoes only.
B. She harvested zucchini by accident.
C. She took some cucumbers mistakenly.
D. She stole something withoutSharon’s permission.
15. We can infer from the article that the neighbor’s bread would taste________.
A. bitter but tasty
B. strange and bitter
C. hard and sour
D. soft and sweet
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Some may think that having feelings of uncertainty as an entrepreneur(企业家) is a given. Speaking from experience, I can say for certain that there will always be ups and downs with any job. Without a solid team or a strong support system, it’sunderstandable that this can lead to a pretty overwhelming state of mind. 16 . Here are some tips for kicking those feelings of doubt.
16. Speak to someone
Find someone you can share your fears, insecurities, and emotions with. Having someone to bounce your thoughts and ideas off is vital to help reduce the stress.
17. 17
Having a strong team is a key to creating a healthy environment. If you’re feeling uncertain about the future of your company, look to your team to see how they’re impacting it. Can there be any improvements to help ease some of the pressures and allow you to focus on more important ones?
18. Let go
Not having control of a situation can be stressful. 18 . Learn to trust your fellows. Embrace the unknown, and consider it a win when you experience it.
19. Focus on what matters
Take things one step at a time. 19 . Ask yourself how that can be achieved. With pen to paper, write it down. By writing out what is stressing you out, you’re putting a name to the issue, which can help you to address the problem.
20. Know that you got this
It may feel like your world is crashing down on you. 20 . By looking at the bigger picture, you can put into consideration what is most important for you to achieve.
A. Organize a new team
B. Improve your team
C. Figure out the most important thing to put your energy towards right now
D. Consider whether more can be done to help better the flow and workload
E. However, just remind yourself that this is just another barrier on your journey to success
F. However, ridding the need to always be in the driver’s seat is a key to developing your business
G. Creating healthier habits for handling these feelings can be one of the most beneficial things you can do
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last Monday, to prepare a picnic, I decided to go into a superstore. I parked my car and went into the superstore, which was a____21____one. After 45 minutes of____22____to just get some tomatoes, cheese and 3 toothpicks, I got to the cashier line (收银员线), a bit____23____by the time I spent to get 3____24____. I wondered why I did not go to a small local store.
After 15 minutes of waiting in the line, the woman____25____me calls me, “Hey... you only have 3 articles?____26____before me, I have more items than you!”
It wasn’t the first time it happened to me.____27____her initiative (主动提议) was disarming, as well as was her____28____(she did not wear any____29____, so I could see it). Not knowing what else to do, I accepted her________30________. We chitchatted a bit waiting for the________31________ahead of us to finish—she was unbelievably________32________. Then I thanked her, giving her back my brightest smile.
Getting back in my car, I rethought about that________33________moment, and realized that she________34________my day. In the meantime, I wondered how to give it back to her. No doubt it was quite________35________, so I considered how to pay it forward to someone else.
While________36________, I realized that she saved me 10 minutes. And while I was driving at 70 mph, I reduced my________37________to 55 mph. My fuel consumption sharply________38________by 35%.
I________39________part of the 10 minutes that the woman offered me, but it was a way to________40________her and do a small thing for the environment.
21. A.huge B.empty C.well-decorated D.crowded
22. A.wandering B.driving C.shopping D.relaxing
23. A.excited B.tired C.unsatisfied D.embarrassed
24. A.boxes B.articles C.parcels D.choices
25. A.in front of B.next to C.beyond D.behind
26. A.Stop B.Cross C.Rush D.Pass
27. A.But B.So C.And D.Or
28. A.smile B.answer C.voice D.gesture
29. A.necklace B.mask C.earring D.makeup
30. A.permission B.excuse C.explanation D.offering
31. A.waiters B.customers C.cashiers D.neighbors
32. A.smart B.pleasant C.patient D.generous
33. A.good B.familiar C.important D.romantic
34. A.stole B.ruined C.made D.occupied
35. A.unbelievable B.unnecessary C.meaningless D.impossible
36. A.bargaining B.leaving C.packing D.driving
37. A.fuel B.price C.speed D.time
38. A.took off B.rose up C.dropped down D.cooled down
39. A.reused B.relost C.saved D.wasted
40. A.encourage B.thank C.remind D.repay
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Scientists have exposed that around two-fifths of the world’s plants are at risk of extinction. A top botanist, Professor Alexandre Antonelli, said, “We are living in_____41._____age of extinction.”
It's a very_____42._____(worry) picture of risk and urgent need for action. We’re losing the race against time as species are disappearing faster_____43._____we can find and name them. Many of them could hold important clues for solving some of the most pressing_____44._____(challenge) of medicine and even perhaps of the emerging and current pandemics we are seeing today.”
There_____45._____(be) positive signs in the past few years. More than 4, 000 species of plants and fungi (菌类)______46.______(discover) in 2019, among which are potential future foods that could be a lifeline to millions of people on Earth suffering from_____47._____(poor) and food insecurity. Professor Antonelli stressed_____48._____(firm) the importance of protecting these and all plant life on Earth. He said, “We would not be able_____49._____(survive) without plants and fungi — all life depends on them. Every time we lose a species, we lose an opportunity_______50._______humankind.” Leading scientists will demand that the world leaders act against biodiversity loss.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.单句改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（多改或不按格式要求改不得分）
下面每个句子都只有一处语言错误。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Many parents lack of patience to tell their children why they should behave as told.
During the Second World War, thousands of people flee the country.
He has run out all the money his parents gave him.
It is bad manner to talk with your finger pointing at another person.
I had told them the reason, which I didn’t attend the meeting.
I dare not to go winter swimming alone.
In no circumstance should the will of the minority override the will of the majority of people.
What might he be doing at this time of night?
She insisted that she hear somebody in the house.
Anna has theory knowledge of teaching, but no practical experience.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在征集有关英语活动的建议，你建议开办英语角(English Corner)。

请给俱乐部负责人Maria写一封邮件,内容包括：
1.活动安排)
2.活动目的和意义。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Maria,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
G B F C E
[语篇解读]
21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32.
B 33. A 34.
C 35.
D 36. D 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. an 42. worrying
43. than 44. challenges
45. have been
46. were discovered
47. poverty
48. firmly 49. to survive
50. for
51.(1). 去掉of
(2). flee→fled
(3). out后加of
(4). manner→manners
(5). which 前加for
(6). 去掉to (7). circumstance→circumstances
(8). might→can/could
(9). hear→heard
(10). theory→theoretical/ theoretic
【81题详解】
考查动词用法。

句意：许多父母没有耐心告诉他们的孩子，为什么他们应该按照别人说的去做。

lack表示“缺乏”为及物动词，可以直接跟宾语。

故去掉of。

【82题详解】
考查时态。

句意：第二次世界大战期间，成千上万的人逃离了这个国家。

根据上文“During the Second World War”可知为一般过去时。

故flee改为fled。

【83题详解】
考查介词。

句意：他把父母给他的钱都花光了。

后跟名词作宾语，表示“花光”应用run out of。

故out后加of。

【84题详解】
考查名词的数。

句意：说话时用手指着别人是不礼貌的。

表示“不礼貌”短语为bad manners，应用复数形式。

故manner改为manners。

【85题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：我已经把不参加会议的原因告诉他们了。

此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中作原因状语，可用why或for which引导。

which引导非限定性定语从句。

故which 前加for。

【86题详解】
考查固定用法。

句意：我不敢一个人去冬泳。

表示“不敢做某事”短语为dare not do sth.。

故去掉to。

【87题详解】
考查名词。

句意：在任何情况下，少数人的意志都不应凌驾于多数人的意志之上。

结合句意表示“在任何情况下”短语为in no circumstances。

故circumstance改为circumstances。

【88题详解】
考查情态动词。

句意：这么晚了他会在干什么呢？此处表推测，意为“会”应用can或could。

故might改为can/could。

【89题详解】
考查时态。

句意：她坚持说她听到房子里有人。

此处主句为一般过去时，宾语从句也应用相对应的时态，此处用一般过去时。

故hear改为heard。

【90题详解】
考查形容词。

句意：安娜有教学的理论知识，但没有实践经验。

修饰后文名词knowledge应用形容词theoretical/ theoretic，作定语。

故theory改为theoretical/ theoretic
52.略。