英语语法大全之状语 7

10．条件状语从句If it rains，I shall（or will，can，may）not go out．（I do not know whether it will rain or not．）If it should rain，I shall（or will，can，may）not go out．（I do not know whether it will rain or not．）If it should rain，I should（or would，could，might）not go out．（Idon't think it will rain．）If it rained，I should（or would，could，might）not go out．（I know it will not rain．）If it had rained，I should（or would，could，might）not have gone out．（I know it did not rain．）If it rained，he will（or can，may）not have gone out．（I do not know whether it rained or not．）If he only（or but）works harder，he will succeed．（He doesn't have to do anything else in order to succeed．）If you only care to flatter your boss，you will be promoted．If and when I die，you must take good care of your-self．He may resign if he so desires（or chooses，wills，purposes）．I may do anything if I intend（or wish，like，will）it．He is nothing if（he is）not（=absolutely，decidedly）a cheat．Your guess is nothing if（it is）not correct．Ask that gentleman if gentleman（不加冠词）he be．（倒装语序）His conscience forbade him to do so，if conscience he had．I have succeeded in persuading a drunkard，if succeed one can．Let me know your reason，if reason there is．I have told her ten times，if I have done once（=exactly）．The mountain is5650feet，if an inch（=exactly）．1If ever there was a hero，I saw one．（If引起的从句可加强主句的语气）I love lilies，if ever I have loved any flowers in my life．If I have ever eaten the best food，it was at the Diamond．（赞许）If anyone knows how to handle several wives，it is Lee Ming．If the Lucky serves good food，every restaurant does．（批评）If Wang Soo is expert in kungfu，I don't know who is．If she agrees，if her parents do not refuse，and if I have been graduated，then I will marry her．（如主句前面有几个if引起的从句，或从句较长，可加then．）If you，my daughter，realize that one should be friendly to others，no matter whether they are rich or poor，then you will treat your servant better．I cheat you？If so，you kill me．If not，I kill you．（If引起的从句中主语和动词都没有）Call a doctor，if necessary；and ask Mary to look after baby，if possible．Supposing（or Suppose）it were so，what would you do？（常用在问句中）Suppose you get sick，who will take care of you？Suppose we go for a swim．（提出建议，没有主句。

）Suppose our plan has been detected by the police．（忧虑）Provided（or Providing）（that）you give me a receipt，I will pay the rent．Provided always（or Always provided）（较为强调）（that）he confesses his fault，he will be pardoned．I will give him anything he wants on condition that he will show good manners．2So（=Provided）（少见）you offend nobody，you may take courage．So long as（or As long as）one is honest，one can get a-long at any nook．There's war in so far as there's the earth beneath our feet．In case（or In the event that）you（should）catch cold（可能发生情况），put on more clothes．（作为预防措施。

）Don't wait for me in case something should happen．I prepared tea in case some friends called on me．I will leave a note in case he is absent．Take some money，just in case（整个从句省略）Once I arrived home，I forgot all trouble．Once she begins to cry，there is no stopping her．Once（=If once）you smoke，you can't give up smoking．As（=If）you value your life，hand me your purse．I told him，as he values his life，to keep silent．So may God help me as I speak the truth．So may I prosper！Unless you（=If you do not）give up smoking，you will suffer from cancer．（=If you give up，you won't suffer．）We must fight on unless and until we all die．I'll never forgive you without（=unless）you repent．（不规范语言）But that he is ill（=If he were not ill），he would not stay at home．I would keep silent，but that you are my elder brother．I would have failed but that you helped me（=if you had not helped me）．3Let me die，but I am（=if I am not）greatly shocked．Were it not that you encourage me，I would never succeed．条件从句有时并不由连词引起：Were I（=If I were）a bird，I would fly to you．（系动词+主语）（虚拟语气）Could I（=If I could）do it，I would do it at once．Should he see it，he would believe．Try once more，and（=If you try once more，）you will fail again．（祈使句+and）Give him a gun and he was sure to fight like a hero．（对过去的假设情况）You do it again，（无and）I'll kill you．（口语体）Come，death，and I shall be free．Let there be no wisdom on earth，and there will be peace．You don't eat anything？Then you will feel tired．Seeing that he is an old man，I therefore respect him．Because I kept silent，they accordingly thought me guilty．A few days'rest and（=If you take a few days'rest，）you will be all right again．（代替if从句的“名词+and”）A word from her，and he will change his mind．The least noise and all would be ruined．One day more and I am free again．There is a will，there is a way．（谚语）（没有连词）Nothing venture，nothing have；but grasp all，lose all．4No money，no say．（没有主语和动词）Once a knave，always a knave．下面这种条件从句可以不要主句，单独使用，表示无法实现的愿望：If only I could see her！If he could but recover！Had I but taken your advice！If ever I saw the like of it！（惊奇）I'm（or I'll be）damned（or dashed，blowed，hanged，shot）if I know．（=I really don't know．）（这是发誓的说法，主句的誓语强调if从句中的假设与事实相反。