动词变现在分词规则及练习题复习过程

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动词现在分词的变化规则

动词现在分词的变化规则

动词现在分词的变更法则:之五兆芳芳创作Ⅰ. 一般在动词末尾直接加ingⅡ. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e, 再加ing 如: skate skating have havingride riding come comingmake making dance dancingwrite writingⅢ. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个子音字母,应双写末尾的子音字母,再加ing如: putting running beginningstopping swimming shoppingjogging sitting gettingⅣ. 以ie结尾的动词,把ie酿成y再加ing如: lie lyingtie tyingdie dying一般现在时动词第三人称单数的变更法则1、一般情况下,动词后直接加s,如:works,gets,reads等.2、以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在前面加es,如:goes,teaches,washes等.3、以子音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i,再加es,如:studystudies,trytries,carrycarries等.4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have改成has,如:He has an interesting book .5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改成am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改成are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改成is.一、动词第三人称单数的变更法则及发音纪律动词原形变第三人称单数的法则与发音纪律同名词单数变单数大致相同,请认真不雅察.1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清子音后发音为[s],在浊子音及元音后发音为 [z].在t后读[ts],在d后读[dz],如:①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]2、以子音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变成“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]study-studies [z]; worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do-does [z]下面几个动词变成单数时,原词的元音部分的发音产生了较大的变更,请注意记忆. 如:1、do [du:]-does [dz]2、say [sei]-says [sez]以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]. 如:close-closes [iz]二、对比词形变更中原词词尾变更之异同:变“y”为“”现象双写最后子音字母现象例词:①baby-babies②carry-carries③study-studying(一)、不法则动词过来式和过来分词动词的过来式和过来分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不法则变更是这些重点中的难点,但这些不法则变更也不是毫无纪律可循的.现将初中英语中一些经常使用的不法则动词变更介绍如下.一、原形、过来式和过来分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d.如:cutcutcut, hithithit, putputput, costcostcost, letletlet, shutshutshut, setsetset, hurthurthurt, spreadspreadspread 特殊:动词read的过来式和过来分词虽然词形与原形一致,readreadread,但发音辨别是[ri:d][red][red].二、有些动词的过来分词与原形是一样的.如:comecamecome, becomebecamebecome, runranrun, overcomeovercameovercome三、有些动词的过来式和过来分词相同.如:1. 把单词结尾的字母d改成t.如:lendlentlent, spendspentspent, sendsentsent2. 修改单词中间元音字母.如:sitsatsat, winwonwon, shineshoneshone, holdheldheld3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改成ept.如:keepkeptkept, sleepsleptslept, sweepsweptswept4. 过来式和过来分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词.如:buyboughtbought, fightfoughtfought, thinkthoughtthought, bringbroughtbrought, teachtaughttaught, catchcaughtcaught5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过来式和过来分词中把ay 酿成aid.如:saysaidsaid, laylaidlaid, paypaidpaid6. 另有一些其它形式的变更.如:havehadhad, learnlearntlearnt, leaveleftleft, loselostlost, makemademade, meetmetmet, feelfeltfelt四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过来式中变i为a,在过来分词中变i为u.如:五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在酿成过来式时,通常把元音字母酿成e,在酿成过来分词时,通常只在词尾加n.如:blow blew blown, drawdrewdrawn, growgrewgrown, throwthrewthrown, knowknewknown六、有些动词的过来分词是在原形词尾加n或en,酿成以en结尾的单词.如:riseroserisen, givegavegiven, taketooktaken, fallfellfallen, drivedrovedriven, eatateeaten特殊: writewrotewritten, speakspokespoken, rideroderidden, getgotgotten(二)、动词过来式和过来分词的变更法则动词过来式和过来分词有法则变更和不法则变更两种.1) 法则变更情况例词读音与说明动词原形过来式过来分词一般在动词原形后加edlook -looked - looked [lukt]call -called -called [kC:ld]open -opened -opened [5EupEnd]need -needed-needed [ni:did]①ed在清子音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊子音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id]③但fix的过来式和过来分词x不双写,为fixed. 以e结尾的动词加dmove -moved -moved [mu:vd]phone -phoned -phoned [fEund]hope -hoped -hoped [hEupt]agree -agreed -agreed [E5^ri:d]以子音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed study -studied - studied [5stQdid]carry -carried-carried [5kArid]try -tried-tried [traid]以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加edplay -played -played [pleid]enjoy -enjoyed -enjoyed [in5dVCid]stay -stayed -stayed [steid]末尾只有一个子音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该子音字母,再加edstop -stopped -stopped [stCpt]plan -planned -planned [plAnd]fit -fitted -fitted [5fitid]以r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加edprefer -preferred -preferred [prI`f:d]refer- referred -referred [ri5fE:]2) 不法则变更英语中有些动词的过来式和过来分词形式变更不法则,可分为五种情况.1.动词原形、过来式和过来分词完全同形.cut(切),hit(打),cast(扔),hurt(伤害),put (放),let(让)shut(关),cost(破费),set(放),rid(清除),2.过来式与过来分词完全同形.例:原形过来式过来分词find(找到)pay(支付)leave(离开)lend(借出)meet(遇见)keep(保持)lose(丢失)teach(教)sit(坐)lead(引导)win(赢)除)3.动词原形与过来分词同形例:原形过来式过来分词come(来)-came -comerun(跑)-ran- runbecome(成为)-became-become4.动词原形、过来式、过来分词形式完全不合. 例:原形过来式过来分词give(给)-gave -givenfly(飞)-flew -flowndrink(喝)- drank -drunksee(看见)- saw -seengo(去)-went -goneknow(知道)-knew -knownwear(穿)-wore -wornspeak(说)-spoke -spoken5.过来式和过来分词有两种形式例:原形过来式过来分词burn(燃烧) burned /burnt burned /burntlearn(学习) learned /learnt learned /learntsmell(闻) smelled /smelt smelled /smeltspell (拼写) spelled /spelt spelled /speltshine (照射) shined /shone shined /shoneleap (跳) leaped /leapt leaped /leapt提示a. beat的过来式与原形同形:比:beat(打击) beat(过来式) beaten(过来分词)b. lie有法则变更和不法则变更两种,寄义不合比:lie lied, lied(说谎)lay, lain(躺,位于)c. hang 有法则变更和不法则变更两种,寄义不合比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)hung, hung(挂,吊)d. welcome(欢送)一词是法则动词,不成误用为不法则动词比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)welcome, welcome(误)e.不要将不法则动词误用为法则动词比:hit(打) hit, hit(正)hitted, hitted(误)(三)、不法则动词过来式和过来分词归结A. 原形与过来式和过来分词完全相同.costcostcost cutcutcut putputputletletlet setsetset hithithitshutshutshut hurthurthurt readreadread 读音 /e/lieliedlied 说谎 laylaidlaid 放置,下蛋 lay lain 躺下,位于,平放eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather.She _____ her books on the table. ____B. 过来式与过来分词完全相同1. 过来式和过来分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是[ :t]brightbroughtbrought thinkthoughtthought buyboughtbought catchcaughtcaughtteach taught taught2. 动词原形中的e为o,酿成过来式和过来分词. getgotgot sellsoldsold telltoldtold3. 动词原形中i为a, …sitsatsat spitspatspat4. 动词原形中i为o, …winwonwon shineshone/ shinedshone / shined5. 动词原形中an为oo, …standstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,…saysaidsaid paypaidpaid7. a)动词原形中的d为t,…sendsentsent lendlentlentspendspentspent buildbuiltbuiltb ) 动词原形最后一个字母改成t , …smellsmeltsmelt loselostlostc ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, …learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant 读音/e/d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e 发音/e/feelfeltfelt sleepsleptslept sweepsweptswept keep kept kept其它meetmetmet havehadhad holdheldheldmakemademade digdugdug hearheardheardfindfoundfound hanghung hungcomecamecome runranrun becomebecamebecomeD. 原形,过来式,和过来分词完全不合1. 把动词原形中i改成a酿成过来式,改成u酿成过来分词.begin began begun drinkdrankdrunk ringrangrungswimswamswum singsangsung2. 把动词原形中o改成e酿成过来式,在原形词尾加n酿成过来分词.blowblewblown growgrewgrown knowknewkno wnthrow threw thrown fly flew /flu:/ flown ( 和以上相似)3. 以下动词的过来分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.a ) 把动词原形中i改成o酿成过来式,在词尾加n酿成过来分词.drivedrovedriven riseroserisen writewrotewritten (双写t )rideroderidden (双写d )b ) 把动词原形中ea改成o, 在词尾加e酿成过来式,在过来式后加n酿成过来分词.speakspokespokenstealstolestolenbreakbrokebrokenc ) 把动词原形中的个体字母或字母组合改成o酿成过来式, 在过来式后加n酿成过来分词.wakewokewokenfreezefrozefrozenchoosechosechosenforgetforgotforgotten (双写t,加en )d) 其它过来分词以en结尾的动词eatateeaten beat beat beaten fallfellfallen givegavegiven seesawseen taketooktaken mistake mistook mistaken hidehidhidden (双写d )E. 没有过来分词的动词can could - may might - shall should- will would -其它am, is was been arewerebeen dodiddonedrawdrew drawn gowent gone showshowedshownwear wore worn不法则动词的过来式不法则动词的过来式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点.同学们应通过不法则动词的动词原形和它们的过来式找出其变更纪律,总结如下:1. 把动词原形中的o改成a,酿成过来式.过来分词不变.如:become—became, come—came2.把动词原形中的i改成a,酿成过来式.如:begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank,3.把重读开音节中的i改成o,酿成过来式.如:drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote4.动词原形中的e改成o,酿成过来式.如:get—got,forget—forgot5.动词原形中的eep改成ept,酿成过来式.如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept6. 动词原形中的an改成oo,酿成过来式.如:stand—stood,understand—understood7.修改词原形中的aw /ow为ew,酿成过来式.如:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw (动词show除外,show—showed)8.动词原形中的eak改成oke,酿成过来式.如:break—broke,speak—spoke9.动词原形中的ell改成old,酿成过来式.如:sell—sold,tell—told10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是[ :t]的过来式.如:bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught11.以ould结尾且读音为[ud]的情态动词过来式.如:can—could,shall—should,will—would12.在动词原形后加d或t酿成过来式,并且产生音变.如:hear[hi ]—heard[h :d], say[sei]—said[sed],mean[mi:n]—meant[ment], dream—dreamt [dremt]13.动词的过来式与动词原形一样.如:cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read[red],set—set14. 动词的过来式有两种形式.如:dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shinedsmell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked15.不合适上述纪律的动词过来式.如:am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid,hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,wear—wore一般形容词前面加ly酿成副词,例如:rapidrapidlyrecentrecentlycarefulcarefullycarelesscarelessly但不是所有的形容词都可以这样酿成副词,例如:hard a.硬的, 巩固的, (问题, 任务等)困难的, 艰巨的, 猛烈的, 确实的adv. 努力地, 辛苦地, 坚固地, 牢固地, 接近地, 猛烈地hardly adv.方才, 几近不也就是说hardly不是hard 的副词形式.英语中有良多词既是形容词也是副词lowa.低的, 浅的, 消沉的, 微弱的, 粗俗的, 卑贱的, 体质弱的adv.低下地, 谦卑地, 低声地, 低价地这得需要平时注意堆集我们知道ly 是从古英语中 lic(like)成长而来的.一般情况下形容词直接加ly 变成副词.如:sad(哀痛的)→sadly(哀痛的)、common(普通的)→commonly(通常地)、immediate(立即的)→immediately(立即地)、recent(近来的)→recently(近来地)等等.下面就笔者的教学实践,扼要地介绍一下其变更法则.1.以子音加读/i/的 y 结尾的形容词变成副词时,须将 y 变成 i,再加ly.例如:noisy(喧闹的)一noisily(喧闹地)a,lgry(愤恨的)~a,、grily(愤恨地)heavy(重的)一heavily(沉重地)easy(容易的)~ea、ily(容易地)busy(忙碌的)一busily(忙碌地)hap…般情况直接在前面加ly 如 carefulcarefully,如果单词是以y结尾的,要把y酿成i加ly 如 happyhappily 答案弥补lovely, friendly, lively虽然是以ly结尾, 但却是形容词, 要注意!形容词和副词用法(一):形容词定义;形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 暗示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征. 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语,补语.1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面.例如,It’s a cold and windy day.2.作表语,放在系动词的前面.例如,He looks happy today.4.作宾语补足语 e.g. You must keep your bedroom clean and tidy.5.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后.例如,Would you like something hot to drink?6.暗示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后.例如,How long is the river?It’s about two hundred metres long.7.只能作表语的形容词:afraid惧怕;alone独自的;asleep 睡着的;awake醒着的;alive在世的;well安康的;ill病的;frightened惧怕的例如,The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误)8.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden 木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的例如,My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误)9.貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的10.复合形容词:snowwhite雪白的 Englishspeaking说英语的; 11.多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)——出处——资料性质——类别——名词A small round table一张小圆桌A tall white building一幢矮小的白色修建物A dirty old black shirt一件又脏又旧的玄色衬衣A famous American medical school一个很是著名的美国医学院二、形容词经常使用句型1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”暗示“某人(做某事)怎么样”.注意:这一句型中经常使用描述行动者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等.例如,It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kin d to help me.)你能帮忙我,真好.It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话,真粗鲁.It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了.2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”暗示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”.注意:这一句型中经常使用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(需要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰巨的),dangerous(危险的),safe(平安的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不成能的)等.例如,It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易.It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来说上课认真听老师授课是很是重要的.It’s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于我们来说按时到校是很是需要的.3.暗示豪情或情绪的形容词,如glad(欢快的),pleased(欢快的),sad(忧伤的),thankful(感谢的)等常接不定式.例如,Glad to see you.见到你很是欢快.I’m very sad to hear the bad news.听到这个坏新闻,我很是难过.4.暗示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式.例如,Lei Feng is always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人.He is sure to get to school on time.他一定会按时到校.(二)副词一、副词的定义暗示行动特征或性状特征的词叫副词(Adverb).副词经常使用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,用来说明时间、地点、程度、方法等概念.二、副词的种类罕有的副词分类如下:时间副词today,now,soon,recently,ago,before,since地点副词here,there,up,down,about,in,out,inside,outside程度副词very,much,enough,almost,little,quite,so,nearly程度副词usually,sometimes,never,always,often,seldom,rarely,hardly,方法副词well,fast,slowly,carefully,badly,hard,quickly,happily,well疑问副词how,when,where,why否认副词no,not,hardly,neither,nor关系副词when,where,why连接副词yet,so,however,then,how,when,where,whether,why 三、副词的用法Tom quickly picked up his bag and then went to school.汤姆从速捡起书包,然后上学去了.(方法副词修饰动词)Li Mei speaks very good English. 李梅说一口很是漂亮的英语.(程度副词修饰形容词)Luckily,the driver was not hurt badly. 很幸运,那个司机伤得不重.(方法副词修饰全句)Those old people are talking and laughing there. 那些老人正在那儿谈笑.(地点副词修饰动词)He sometimes visits the farm with his family. 他有时和家人一起不雅赏农场.(频度副词修饰动词)How did you go to school last term? 你上学期是如何去上学的?(疑问副词修饰动词)2.作(后置)定语The clouds above lifted later on. 天上的云很快就散去了.(作后置定语修饰名词clouds)The man upstairs felt very angry with the man downstairs.楼上的人对楼下的人很是生气.(作后置定语修饰名词the man)Life here is full of joy. 这儿的生活充满了欢快.(作后置定语修饰名词life)Is Bill in? 比尔在家吗?She must be off now.她现在必须离开了.Time is up. Let's hurry. 时间到了.咱们快点吧!Her mother kept her away from school.她妈妈不让她上学了.Do you want to ask her in? 你想让她进来吗?They saw me off last week. 上周他们为我送行.四、副词的位置:1)在动词之前.2)在be动词、助动词之后.3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后.注意:a. 大多数方法副词位于句尾,但宾语太长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡.We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.b. 方法副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾.He speaks English well.原级、比较级与最初级用法一、副词的比较等级和形容词的比较等级组成相似.1.比较级与最初级的组成比较级与最初级的组成分法则与不法则两种,法则变更如下:(1)在词尾加er或este.g. tall—taller—tallest fastfasterfastest(2)以字母e结尾,在词尾加re.g. nice—nicer—nicestlate—later—latest(3)以重读闭音节结尾,若词尾只有一个子音字母,先双写这个字母,再加er, est.e.g. big—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottest(4)以子音字母加y结尾,先变y为i,再加er, este.g. happy—happier—happiestheavy—heavier—heaviest(2)部分双音节词及多音节词在前面加more和most组成比较级和最初级.例如:(3)不法则形容词和副词的比较等级变更如下表:注意有一些副词没有比较等级.如:now,then,always,never,ever,here,there,how,usually等.等级的用法一、原级的用法1.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不克不及再持续走了.My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他.(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”暗示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如,Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大.Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍.“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”暗示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如,Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快.Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍.(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…例如,This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大.“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…例如,He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢.二、比较级的用法1.可以修饰比较级的词,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一点儿even甚至,still仍然例如,Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多.Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻.This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快.She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真.(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”暗示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”例如,Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高.This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍.“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”暗示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”例如,I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早.He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍.(2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”暗示“甲比同一规模的任何一团体/物都……”,寄义是“甲最……”.例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长.=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长.=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河道.注意:The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长.“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”暗示“甲比同一规模的任何一团体/物都……”,寄义是“甲最……”.例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早.= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早.= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早.注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早.(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班)(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”暗示“甲是两者中较……的”.例如,Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个.(4)“比较级+and+比较级”暗示“越来越……”.例如,He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮.He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了.(5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”暗示“越……,越……”.例如,The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少.(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,甲or乙?”例如,Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一个大,地球仍是月球?“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级,甲or乙?”例如,Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?谁画得比较好,詹妮仍是丹尼?(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最初级+单数名词+in/of短语”暗示“……是……中最……的”.例如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的.This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的.“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最初级+单数名词+in/of短语”暗示“……是……中最……的”.例如,I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的.(2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最初级+单数名词+in/of 短语”暗示“……是……中最……之一”.例如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一.(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最初级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较.例如,Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一个国度最大,中国,巴西仍是加拿大?“特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最初级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较例如,Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季候,春天,夏天仍是秋天?【问】请问什么是祈使句?【答】祈使句是用来暗示请求、命令、劝告或建议等语气的句子.它的主语多是You(通常不说出).【问】祈使句的组成有什么特点?【答】祈使句可分为肯定、否认两种形式.其中肯定形式的祈使句由动词原形开头,分两类;1.连系动词 + 表语(如:形容词、名词等)引起.例如:Keep quiet!保持宁静!Be a good student! 要做一名勤学生!2.行动动词开头.例如:Open the door! 打开门吧!Come here!到这儿来!否认形式的组成是一律在肯定形式的祈使句之前加上Don’t.例如:Don’t go there alone!不要一团体去那里.Don’t be late for class again!别再上课迟到.【问】在祈使句中加上please起什么作用?此时的否认句怎么变?【答】在祈使句中加上please可组成“Please…”或“…,please.”句式,please使句子语气显得更委婉、礼貌.此时的否认句应变成“Please don’t…”或“Don’t…,please”例如:Please give the book to me. / Give the book to me,please.请把那本书给我.Please don’t play with fire./ Don’t play with fire,please.请别玩火.【问】如何用let组成祈使句?其否认句式也是“Don’t let…”吗?【答】由let组成的肯定式的祈使句句型为:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它.例如:Let me have a good rest.让我好好休息一下.以let引起的祈使句的否认形式,要视其在意思上否认了什么来决定.如否认let,则用Don’t let…向式;如否认let 前面的不定式,则在不定式前加not,即用“Let + 宾语 + not+ 动词原形 + 其它.”句式.例如:Don’t let the children play football on the road.不要让孩子们在马路上踢球.Let’s not wait outside to gate.咱们别在门外等.【问】什么时候you可以出现在祈使句中?【答】祈使句的主语通常不说出来,但有时为了指明向谁提出请求、命令等时,或为了增强语气,此时可说出主语you.例如:You feed the animals today.今天你喂动物.You sweep the floor. 你拖地板.【问】在肯定式的祈使句前加do起什么作用?【答】祈使句式的肯定式前加do可起强调作用.意为“务必;一定”等.例如:Do come,please!请一定来!Do tell her the thing.务必告知她此事.定义祈使句是英语的根本句型之一,表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有暗示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思.祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”.句末用感慨号或句号,用降调朗读.肯定结构都以动词原形开头.例如:Catch the ball!接球!(句子的意思是让“你”接球)Go and ask the teacher.去问问老师.句子的意思是让“你”去问老师.Put the books in your bag.把书放到书包里.Come and meet my family.来看看我家人.二、句型1.祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即1)Do型(以行动动词原形开头),例如:Sit down坐下! Stand up起立!2)Be型(以be开头),例如:Be quiet宁静!3)Let型(以let开头),例如:Let me help you. 让我来帮忙你.注意:三种句型中Do型是最罕有、最复杂的一种结构.暗示请求、劝告的祈使句还经常在句前或句末加上Please, 组成句式:Please...或...Please.以使语气加倍和缓或客气.例如:Please stand up.或Stand up,please.请站起来.Please have a rest.或Have a rest,please.请休息一下. 2.祈使句的否认结构是以“Don't+动词原形”开头.例如:Don't go there,please.请别去那儿.Don't be late.不要迟到.Don't let him in.不要让他进来.Don't let the water run into the room.不要让水流进屋里. 注意:Let's型祈使句,其否认式也可用Let's not....如:Let's not have rest.咱们别休息了.Let's not sit here! 我们不要坐在这儿!。

动词现在分词的变化规则

动词现在分词的变化规则

动词现在分词的变化规则:令狐采学Ⅰ.一般在动词末尾直接加ingⅡ.以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e, 再加ing 如: skate skating have havingride riding come comingmake making dance dancingwrite writingⅢ.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing如: putting running beginningstopping swimming shoppingjogging sitting gettingⅣ.以ie结尾的动词,把ie变成y再加ing 如: lie lyingtie tyingdie dying一般现在时动词第三人称单数的变化规则1、一般情况下,动词后直接加s,如:works,gets,reads等。

2、以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在后面加es,如:goes,teaches,washes等。

3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变为i,再加es,如:studystudies,trytries,carrycarries等。

4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have改为has,如:He has an interesting book .5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改为am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改为are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改为is。

一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。

在t后读[ts],在d后读[dz],如:①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]study-studies [z]; worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do-does [z]下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。

动词变现在分词规则及练习题

动词变现在分词规则及练习题

动词变现在分词规则及练习题公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-动词变现在分词规则及练习题动词变现在分词规则现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词ing。

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing 如:What are you doing now你现在在干什么?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词 + be + 动词ing 如:Who is playing basketball on the playground 谁在操场上打篮球?动词加ing的变化规则I一般情况下,直接加ing1. go-going 去2. stand-standing 站3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉4. eat-eating 吃5. sing-singing 唱6. drink-drinking 喝7. read-reading 读 8. look-looking 看 9. walk-walking 散步10. watch-watching 看 11. draw-drawing 画 12. fly-flying 飞13. open-opening 打开 14. jump-jumping 跳 15. do-doing 做16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 捡 18. play-playing 玩 19. kick-kicking 踢 20. talk-talking 说话21. cook-cooking 烹饪 22. learn-earning 学习看24. climb-climbing 爬 25. count-counting 数数26. clean-cleaning 打扫27. fish-fishing 钓鱼II以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing1. come–coming 来2. dance-dancing 跳舞3. close-closing 关4. make–making 制造5. ride–riding 骑6. write-writing 写7. take - taking 拿走 8. phone-phoning 打电话9. move–moving 移动/搬 10. have–having 有III 双写加-ing : 重读闭音节就要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音注意:重读闭音节三要素:?1. 必须是重读音节;2. 最后只有一个辅音字母;3. 元音字母发短元音判断是不是重读闭音节双写,不仅仅要看单词的字母组合符合辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾,还要看音标是不是符合辅音+ 元音+辅音结尾只有都符合才可以双写buy 的音标[bai] 不符合 beat不符合例如:1. sit- sitting 做2. hop - hopping 单脚跳3. swim- swimming 游泳4. run - running 跑5. cut – cutting 切6. put – putting 放现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________write________ ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________ come ________ get_________stop________ sit ________begin________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:boy __________________ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _________________ ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .____________(not ,water) the flowers now.! the girls ________________(dance ) in the classroom .is our granddaughter doing She _________(listen ) to music.9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have) supper now(wash ) clothes Yes ,she is.三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework . (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.The students are cleaning the classroom . (改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I’m playing th e football in the playground . (对划线部分进行提问) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。

动词--ing形式的变化规则及习题

动词--ing形式的变化规则及习题

4. 你的朋友们正在干什么? ________ ________your friends________? 5. 你经常出去吃饭吗? ________you often_________ _______? 答案: 4. What are; doing 5. Do; eat out
jump—(jumping)
sleep—( sleeping)
climb—(climbing )
fight—( fighting )
run —(running)
swim—( swimming )
shop—(shopping )
get—(getting )
put —(putting )
write—( writing )
例如: play—playing watch—watching
2) 以不发音的e 结尾,去e 加-ing
例如: take—taking come—coming
3) 元音+辅音结尾,且是重读闭音节的单词,双写辅音字母加
-ing
例如:run—running swim—swimming
小练习,写出下列动词的ing 形式.
make—(making )
play—( playing )
skate—(skating)
watch—( watching)
2. 现在进行时的构成。 现在进行时的构成: be+动词的-ing形式。 肯定句: 主语+be+动词的-ing形式+其他。 否定句: 主语+be+not+动词的-ing形式+其他。 一般疑问句: Be+主语+动词的-ing形式+其他。 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词的-ing形 式+其他。

现在分词变化规则教案及练习

现在分词变化规则教案及练习

动词的现在分词的变化规则1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- workingsleep ----- sleepingstudy ----- studying2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- takingmake ----- makingdance ----- dancing3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cuttingput ----- puttingbegin ------ beginning4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lyingtie ----- tyingdie ----- dying什么是闭音节,什么是重读闭音节?开音节:1.以发声的元音字母结尾的音节;如:we/wi:/ bee/bi:/2.以辅音字母(r除外)加不发声的e结尾的音节. 如:cake/keik/ bite/bait/mute/mju:t/闭音节:1.以一个或几个辅音字母结尾(r除外),而中间只有一个元音字母的音节;如:sit/sit/ film/film/ pen/pen/重读音节:除了单音节词外,在双音节和多音节词中,如果某个音节符合以上规则且重读则为重读开音节或重读闭音节.如:begin(gin为重读闭音节) /bi'gin/mistake(take为重读开音节) /mis'teik/除了单音节词外,在双音节和多音节中,如果某个音节符合以上规则且重读则为重读开间节或重读闭音节.2)音标:词的语音形式。

3)音素:音的最小的单位。

英语中有48音素。

4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。

ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。

英语中有20元音。

原题目:动词变现在分词规则及练习题

原题目:动词变现在分词规则及练习题

原题目:动词变现在分词规则及练习题动词变现在分词规则及练题
动词变现在分词规则
动词的现在分词形式通常由动词的基本形式加上-ing构成。

下面是一些常见的动词变现在分词的规则:
1. 一般情况下,动词的变现在分词规则为:动词 + ing
例如:
- go(去)→ going(正在去)
- eat(吃)→ eating(正在吃)
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词,在加-ing时需要去掉e。

例如:
- take(拿)→ taking(正在拿)
- make(制作)→ making(正在制作)
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则需要双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing。

例如:
- run(跑)→ running(正在跑)
- swim(游泳)→ swimming(正在游泳)
练题
请根据上面的规则,将下面的动词变成相应的现在分词形式:
1. swim
2. write
3. take
4. run
5. dance
请将你的答案填入下方的空白处:
1. swimming
2. writing
3. taking
4. running
5. dancing
请注意,以上只是练题示例,根据具体的动词规则进行变化即可。

希望这份文档对你有所帮助。

如有其他问题,请随时提问。

动词变现在分词规则及练习题

动词变现在分词规则及练习题

动词变现在分词规则及练习题动词变现在分词规则现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing。

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing?如: What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词+ be +动词ing? 如:Who is playing basketball on the playground? 谁在操场上打篮球?动词加ing的变化规则I一般情况下,直接加ing1. go-going 去2. stand-standing 站3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉4. eat-eating 吃5. sing-singing 唱6. drink-drinking 喝7. read-reading 读 8. look-looking 看9. walk-walking 散步10. watch-watching 看11. draw-drawing 画 12.fly-flying 飞13. open-opening 打开14. jump-jumping 跳 15.do-doing 做16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 捡18.play-playing 玩19. kick-kicking 踢20. talk-talking 说话21.cook-cooking 烹饪22. learn-earning 学习23.look-looking 看24. climb-climbing 爬25. count-counting 数数26. clean-cleaning 打扫27. fish-fishing 钓鱼II以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing1. come–coming 来2. dance-dancing 跳舞3.close-closing 关4. make–making 制造5. ride–riding 骑6.write-writing 写7. take - taking 拿走 8. phone-phoning 打电话9. move–moving 移动/搬 10. have–having 有III 双写加-ing : 重读闭音节就要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音注意:重读闭音节三要素:1. 必须是重读音节;2. 最后只有一个辅音字母;3. 元音字母发短元音判断是不是重读闭音节双写,不仅仅要看单词的字母组合符合辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾,还要看音标是不是符合辅音+ 元音+辅音结尾只有都符合才可以双写buy 的音标[bai] 不符合beat不符合例如:1. sit- sitting 做2. hop - hopping 单脚跳3. swim- swimming 游泳4. run - running 跑5. cut – cutting 切6. put –putting 放7.forget-forgetting 8.get-getting 9 .begin-beginning10.hit-hitting 11.chat-chatting12.stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________ write________ ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy __________________ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _________________ ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls ________________(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have) supper now10.______Helen____________(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework . (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.The students are cleaning the classroom . (改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I’m playing the football in the playground . (对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则复习过程

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则复习过程

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则一.动词ing形式的用法1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football.2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sthenjoy doing sth.be busy doingfeel like doingthank you for doingdo some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washinggo swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下:1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleepingstudy---studying speak---speakingcarry---carrying say---saying2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ingwake---waking make---making come---comingtake---taking leave---leaving have---having3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。

初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。

(visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写)travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。

4)以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ingcarry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying5)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ingdie---dying lie---lying要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态.1、表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词,如:see, hear, love, know, want, hope, think等,没有进行时态。

分词,过去式,副词,三单的变化规则及练习

分词,过去式,副词,三单的变化规则及练习

分词,动名词/三单/形容词变副词的变化规则复习一.现在分词,动名词(V-ing)的变化形式1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing二. 规则动词的过去式变化如下:一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加–ed注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。

三.单数第三人称的变化形式①在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用“s”型(即第三人称单数形式)。

②所谓动词“s”型的构成,可按名词变复数的规则来记,即:i)在动词尾直接加s。

如:ii)以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es;如:iii)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es。

如:四.形容词变副词的规则:1.一般情况下直接加“ly”2.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”,3. 以ue结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。

但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。

4. 以le结尾的词去e加y5. 以ll结尾的词只加y6. 以ic结尾的词加ally练习:一.写出下列动词的ing 形式work ---- sleep ----- study ----- take ----- make ----- dance ----- cut --- lie -----die ----- begin ------ put ----- tie -----二.写出下列动词的过去式。

act ---- live--- judge---- fret----drag---- drop ---- plan---- work----do---- cry---- carry---- embody---- empty---- move---- try---- copy----study--- decide----- decline---- drip----hope ---- play---- beg ---- stop----want---- dot---- raise ---- wipe ---- justify----三.写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式play—worry—help—want—work—study—guess—fix—brush—get—know—go—do—catch—carry—teach—fly—watch—四.写出下列形容词的副词形式。

现在分词变化规则及练习

现在分词变化规则及练习

动词的现在分词的变化规则1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- workingsleep ----- sleepingstudy ----- studying2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake ----- takingmake ----- makingdance ----- dancing3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut ----- cuttingput ----- puttingbegin ------ beginning此处所谓的重读闭音节不好判断,所以,我再总结一种判断的办法,那就是,如果一个动词是以‘辅音+元音+辅音’结尾的,就要双写最后一个字母,再加ing,也就是我上课时经常提到的‘辅元辅’结构。

此判断准则同样适用于形容词比较级、最高级变化;4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lyingtie ----- tyingdie ----- dying根据以上规则完成下列练习:写出下列动词的现在分词(动词-ing)draw画画________ cook烹饪________ read读书________talk谈话________ jump跳_________ swim游泳_________run跑_________ shop购物________ sleep睡觉________eat吃_________ fly飞_________ sit坐__________climb爬_______ drink喝________ look看_________sing唱歌________ dance跳舞_________ drive开车________翻译句子:1.妈妈正在跑步。

_____________________________________________________________________ 2.我正在唱歌。

现在分词的拼写规则及习题

现在分词的拼写规则及习题

现在分词的拼写规则及习题☆动词现在分词(v-ing)的变化规则:1.大部分动词直接加-ing例:look - looking, go - going, jump - jumping2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e加-ing例:make - making, have - having, come - coming, write - writing, drive - driving注意:see的e是发音的,它的现在分词是在其后直接加-ing,即see - seeing。

3.如果单词以重读闭音节结尾,一般情况下是以“辅元辅”结尾,则双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing。

例:run - running, swim - swimming, sit - sitting, begin - beginning, get - getting, cut - cutting4.特殊变化:die - dying, lie - lying, tie – tying练习题:1、Look! They are ______ (dancing/danceing) over there.2、The Smiths are ______ supper at home now. (having/haveing)3、-What are you ______ (do)?-I am listening to music.4、The students are ______ (sit) on their chairs quietly now.5、现在是八点,学生们在上英语课呢。

It's eight o'clock. The students are ______ an English class.6、—Sam在喝水吗?—不,他不在。

他在吃水果。

-Is Sam ______ water?-No, he isn't. He is ______ some fruit.7、你能看见吗?两个人在河里游泳!Can you see that? Two men ______ ______ in the river!8、她正把书放进她的书包里。

现在分词的变化规则及练习题

现在分词的变化规则及练习题

现在分词的变化规则及练习题初中二年级英语现在分词的变化规则及练习题1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying 2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing 3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning 4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying 什么是闭音节,什么是重读闭音节?开音节:1.以发声的元音字母结尾的音节;如:we/wi:/ bee/bi:/ 2.以辅音字母(r除外)加不发声的e结尾的音节. 如:cake/keik/ bite/bait/ mute/mju:t/ 闭音节:1.以一个或几个辅音字母结尾(r除外),而中间只有一个元音字母的音节;如:sit/sit/ film/film/ pen/pen/ 重读音节:除了单音节词外,在双音节和多音节词中,如果某个音节符合以上规则且重读则为重读开音节或重读闭音节. 如:begin(gin为重读闭音节) /bi'gin/ 一、写出下例动词的现在分词形式 1)give____2)use____3)move____4)skate____5)draw____6)tell____7)ring____8)wear____9)get____10)put____11)hit____12)stop____13)keep____14)hurt____15)know____16)lie____17)die____18)begin____19)forget____20)save____21)close____22)see____23)carry____ 答案:1、giving;2、esing;3、moving;4、skating;5、drawing;6、telling;7、ringing;8、wearing;9、getting;10、putting;11、hitting;12、stopping;13、keeping;14、hurting;15、knowing;16、lying;17、dying;18、beginning;19、forgetting;20、saving;21、closing;22、seeing;23、carrying。

动词的现在分词的变化规则

动词的现在分词的变化规则

动词的现在分词的变动规则(现在进行时)之迟辟智美创作1 一般的动词,直接在动词后加ingwork workingsleep sleepingstudy studying2 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,要先去e加ingtake takingmake makingdance dancing可是seeseeing3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写最后一个字母,再加ing swimswimming周六早晨游泳天气好getgetting (up)小明早晨未起早sitsitting坐起忙把衣穿好put (on) puttingbegin beginning时间不早赶紧开始跑runrunningforget –forgetting忘带午饭又把商店找shopshoppingstopstoppingcut cutting停止剪发就逃跑4 以ie结尾的动词,把ie酿成y再加ing lie lying 平躺/说谎tie tying系,捆(鞋带,领带)die dying死一般现在时1.概念 :暗示经常性或习惯性的举措或存在的状态.2.一般现在时经常与下面这些时间状语连用:always(总是) usually(通常)often(经常) sometimes(有时)seldom(很少) never(从不)once/twice a week(一周一/二次)everyday/ month/year每天/每月/年3.当主语不是第三人称人称双数时,主语后面的动词用动词原形,不需做任何变动.如:I goto school by bus everyday.Ihavea pen and a book.We watch TV everyday.You have a lot of money.They often do their homework .4.当主语是第三人称双数时,主语后面的动词需要做相应的变动.即在动词后面加s或es或把have改为has3.第三人称双数,动词的变动规则:(1)一般动词后面直接加s如:playplays likelikesShe usually sings song.(2)动词以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es如:watch watches go goeswash washes do doesHe goes to school by bus .(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把 y改为i再加es如:fly flies study studiesLi ping studies hard at school.4.如果要把一个含有be动词的句子,酿成一般疑问句,直does(主语是第三人称双数)一般疑问句:就把do或does提到主语之前.如: They have lunch at 12:00.T hey don’t have lunch at 12:00.Do they have lunch at 12:00?*5. 主语是第三人称双数时,需要借用助动词does酿成一般疑问句:将Does提到句子的开头酿成否定句:在主语后面加does't借用助动词does之后,原来的动词倒回去用原形.即去失落s或es或把has酿成have如:Jenny speaksEnglish very well.DoesJennyspeak English very well?Jennydoes n’t speak Englishvery well.Mike watches TV every night.Does Mike watch TV every night?Mike doesn't watch TV every night.She has lunch at school every day.Does she have lunch at school every day?She does'thave lunch at school every day.一般过去时1.概念:暗示过去某个时间里发生的举措或存在的状态;2.规则动词的变动规则:①一般的动词直接在其后加ed.如:wanted,played.②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d.如:hoped,lived.③需要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed.如:skip→skipped(跳绳)trip→tripped(绊倒)travel→travelled(旅游)plan→planned(计划)stop→stopped(停止)beg→begged (乞讨)④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加ed.如:studied,worried.3.过去时态结构基本形式肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他;否定句:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时将动词倒回去用动词原形;一般疑问句:Did+主语+do+其他.一般将来时1.be going to+动词原形2.will/would+动词原形3.shall/should+动词原形一般将来时:暗示将要发生的举措或存在的状态.肯定句:主语+ will +动词原形. We will go to Beijing tomorrow .否定句:在will 的后面加not即可.will not 可缩写为won’t They won’t come in two weeks.一般疑问句:把will 提到主语之前,句末用问号. Will you go to school tomorrow? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will +主语+动词原形...? What will want to do in the future? There be”句型的一般将来时肯定句:There will be +名词+其他成分[注意]:无论后面加双数名词或复数形式,be都必需用原形. There will be only one country. There be 句型不能与have/has/had任何一个连用如:There will __a football match tomorrow.A.haveB.to haveC.beD.had 否定句:在will后面加not.There won’t be only one country.基数词:暗示数量的词(1,2,3...)数词序数词:暗示顺序的词(第一/二/三...)一.一般有:基数词+th→序数词(规则变动)four(四)→fourth(第四)six(六)→sixth(第六)seven(七)→seventh(第七)ten(十)→tenth(第十)eleven(十一)eleventh→(第十一)二.**不规则变动的one(一)→first(第一)two(二)→second(第二)three(三)→third(第三)five(五)→fifth(第五)eight(八)→eighth(第八)nine(九)→ninth(第九)twelve(十二)→twelfth(第十二)三.从13—19的基数词,都在个位数后加teen构成14→fourteen15→fifteen16→sixteen17→seve nteen18→eighteen19→nineteen四.整十的序数词,变y为ie再加th20 twenty→twentieth第二十30 thirty→thirtieth第三十40 forty→fortieth第十四50 fifty→fiftieth第五十60 sixty→sixtieth第六十70 seventy→seventieth第七十80 eight→eightieth第八十90 ninety→ninetieth第九十五.分数的表达:分子用:基数词分母用:序数词特别要注意:当分子年夜于1时,分母要用:复数1/2 one second1/12 one twelfth7/8 seven eighths3/5 three fifths加减乘除表达a decimal number 小数a fraction 分数a percentage 百分数a odd number奇数an even number 偶数degrees 度数1. 加:and; plus; add to2+4=6Two and four is/equals six.或Two plus four is/equals six.或Two added to four equals six.2.减:minus ; subtract from83=5Eight minus three is/equals five.或Three subtracted from eight is five.3.乘:multiply...by;multiplied by /times3×5=15Multiply three by five is/equals fifteen.或Three multiplied by five is/equals fifteen.4.除:divide by.../divide ...by... 24÷8=3Twentyfour divided by eight is/equals three.或Divide 24 by 8 is /equals three.祈使句一、祈使句的概念暗示请求、命令、建议等的句子叫祈使句.它的主语是听话人(you),一般不需要说出来.通常以动词原形开头.祈使句末尾用惊叹号或句号,句子用降调.二.肯定祈使句Open the door, please.请把门翻开.Stand up,please./Sit down,please.Hurry up!快点跟上.二、否定祈使句祈使句的否定式是在动词原形前加don’t.如:Don’t be late again.不要再迟到了.Please don’t forget me.请别忘了我.Don't hate me.别恨我.练习题:按要求改写下面的句子.1.We should go to school on time.(改为肯定祈使句)2.Be carefull . (改为否定祈使句)3.You must take care of the cat.(改为否定祈使句)名词双数变复数规则一、一般的可数名词的复数形式,直接在其后加s.例:friend→friends朋友; cat→cats猫sport→sports运动; piece→pieces 张/片二、凡是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在其后加es例:bus→buses公车; fox→fox es狐狸; match→matches角逐,dish →dishes盘子三、辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变 y为i,再加es例:candy→candies糖果lady→ladies小姐/女士story→stories 故事四、以o结尾的名词,例:tomato→tomatoes 西红柿potato→potatoes土豆photo→photos 相片kilo→kilos 公斤piano→pianos 钢琴hero →heros英雄五、凡是以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe改酿成v 再加es 例:knife→knives小刀; life→lives生命但有例外:如roof→ roofs屋檐handcuffs手铐六、不规则变动的名词:man→men男人woman→women女人policeman →policemen男警察policewoman → policewomen女警察child→children 小孩foot→feet脚tooth→teeth牙齿,goose→geese鹅mouse→mice老鼠/鼠标七.单复数一样的名词:sheep→sheep绵羊deer→deer鹿fish→fish鱼people→people人Chinese→Chinese中国人Japanese→Japanese日自己不成数名词(没有复数形式即不能在其后加s或es)(在前面也不能用a或an)下面都是毛病的,如:rices 米饭teas茶a water水an air 空气 a meat肉不成数名词作主语,谓语要用双数形式. 如:water is important.。

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动词变现在分词规则
及练习题
动词变现在分词规则及练习题
动词变现在分词规则
现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段
正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing。

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing?如: What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
疑问词+ be +动词ing? 如:Who is playing basketball on the playground? 谁在操场上打篮球?
动词加ing的变化规则
I一般情况下,直接加ing
1. go-going 去
2. stand-standing 站
3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉
4. eat-eating 吃
5. sing-singing 唱
6. drink-drinking 喝
7. read-reading 读 8. look-looking 看9. walk-walking 散步
10. watch-watching 看11. draw-drawing 画 12. fly-flying 飞
13. open-opening 打开14. jump-jumping 跳 15. do-doing 做
16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 捡18. play-playing 玩
19. kick-kicking 踢20. talk-talking 说话21. cook-cooking 烹饪
22. learn-earning 学习23.look-looking 看
24. climb-climbing 爬25. count-counting 数数
26. clean-cleaning 打扫27. fish-fishing 钓鱼
II以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing
1. come–coming 来
2. dance-dancing 跳舞
3. close-closing 关
4. make–making 制造
5. ride–riding 骑
6.
write-writing 写
7. take - taking 拿走 8. phone-phoning 打电话
9. move–moving 移动/搬 10. have–having 有
III 双写加-ing : 重读闭音节就要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音
注意:重读闭音节三要素:
1. 必须是重读音节;
2. 最后只有一个辅音字母;
3. 元音字母发短元音
判断是不是重读闭音节双写,不仅仅要看单词的字母组合符合辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾,还要看音标是不是符合辅音+ 元音+辅音结尾只有都符合才可以双写
buy 的音标[bai] 不符合beat不符合
例如:
1. sit- sitting 做
2. hop - hopping 单脚跳
3. swim- swimming 游泳
4. run - running 跑
5. cut – cutting 切
6. put – putting 放
7.forget-forgetting 8.get-
getting 9.begin-beginning
10.hit-hitting 11.chat-
chatting 12.stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________see________ buy_________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw) a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing) in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook ) some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance ) in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have) supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is.
三、句型转换:
1. They are doing housework . (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 2.The students are cleaning the classroom . (改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ 3.I’m playing the football in the playground . (对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________。

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