英国社会与文化unit2text1
英语国家社会与文化 第二单元 大英帝国(谷风讲课)
Read the questions
Answer the questions during the documentary
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African resistance
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British Rule
Mostly governed through local leaders
Nawab Wallajah
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The British Empire
Many Between 1853 and 1880, large scale immigration to British colonies
Many British died of disease in Africa
Africans had been exposed to European diseases and had more advanced weapons making them difficult to conquer – 1800s machine gun, steam boat
Results of international conflict
Many natives died of European diseases
Smallpox, malaria, yellow fever, measles, cholera, plague, flu
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British Expansion
At its height in early 1900s
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Sun never sets…
英国社会与文化复习重点(2)
Unit 11.The full name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2.The UK is made up of England , Scotland ,Wales and Northern Ireland.Q: What are the three most descriptive words you associate most with British people?Reserved ，modest ，humorousUnit 21. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ她是英国教会的最高统治者，捍卫信仰自由2. The executive power is in the hands of Prime Minister.3. Nicknames of the kings or queens: Mary Ⅰ, ElizabethⅠ, Richard Ⅰ, Edward Ⅰ, William ⅠMary Ⅰ--------- Bloody Mary （Because of the numbers of protestants executives）ElizabethⅠ----- Virgin Queen （Because she never married.）Richard Ⅰ-------the “lion heart”（Because he was famous for his exploits in the third Crusade.）Edward Ⅰ-------long shanks（because he had long legs）William Ⅰ-------the conqueror（he was the victor at the Battle of Hasting）Q: What are the queen’s state functions?①The Queen approves the appointment of Ministers and the formation of a cabinet.女王批准任命部长，并组建内阁②The Queen summons Parliament and introduces the session with a speech from theThrone in which she summarizes the government’s program.女王召唤议会并用一场演讲介绍政府计划③The Queen gives her assent to Bills before they become law.法案成为法律之前要得到女王的同意④The Queen concludes treaties and declares war , makes appointments to all offices ofState and Church , dismiss Parliament when the government has been defeated or has reached the end of its term , and chooses a new Prime Minister.宣布战争⑤The Queen is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life.关心国民生活⑥The Queen signs documents and receives ambassadors and important visitors fromabroad.外交Unit 31.The constitution: statue laws, common laws and conventions.statue laws : passed by Parliamentcommon laws : be established through common practice in the courtsconventions : which are rules and practices which do not exist legally , but are nevertheless regarded as vital to the workings of government.2.The parliament today consist s of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.3.Life peers: the Lords have been appointed by the sovereign , at the suggestion of the PrimeMinister.上议院由君主任命,在总理的建议4.MP:the member of Parliament who is elected by and represents an electoral district ofBritain known as a constituency.由选举产生的议会议员，代表英国的一个选区，被称为选区5.Political party: Conservative Party , Labor PartyConservative Party: Margaret Thatcher (the iron lady)Labor Party: Tony BlairUnit 6Q: How do students in Oxford and Cambridge study? What do you think of their method? Students at Oxford and Cambridge do not usually attend daily lectures and labs. Everyone studies either independently or in small groups guided by weekly sessions with a tutor. Tutors assign weekly essays or short projects to track student progress. After three years, all students take exams and write research papers. A faculty committee decides if they have learned enough to graduate.在牛津和剑桥的学生通常不参加日常的讲座和实验室。
英国社会和文化unit2text1
清 清 ， 这 雨 要下到 何时？
母 亲 4 点 多就 起床准 备包粽 子的材 料。洗 米、搓 绿豆皮 、煮粽 叶、切肥肉、冬菇、 蛋 黄、拿 出早已 洗净的 棕藤， 一切准 备就绪 ，母亲 就坐在 小凳子 上，包 起了粽 子。 在 母 亲 的 手 中，包 一条粽 子，犹 如穿针 引线般 熟练。 拿起一 片叶子 ，弯成 漏斗的 形 状 ， 抓 一 把糯米 ，均匀 散放在 叶子底 部，再 铺一层 绿豆， 挑选肥 美的半 肥瘦猪 肉 ， 往 中 间 一放， 按两下 ，把切 好的四 分之一 蛋黄放 置中间 ，两头 镶嵌冬 菇，上 面 依 次 重 复 开头的 步骤， 又依粽 叶的边 缘绕多 几层粽 叶，轻 轻拍一 下粽身 ，好让 米 厚实些 ，再将 粽叶往 左向下 相折。 拿起绳 子紧紧 绕上两 三圈， 打结， 就完成 了。
• Para.2 however 没什么卵用~~~
Constitution gives much limit In any case she has no means of enforcing her will no real power
英语国家社会及文化入门Unit2
Unit2一、判断题1、Ireland is part of Great Britain.（F）爱尔兰是英国的一部分。
2、"Ulster",referring to Northen Ireland,was once an ancient Irish Kingdom.（T）“阿尔斯特”,指的是爱尔兰北部,曾经是一个古老的爱尔兰王国。
3、The capital of Belfast is large city with half a million people.（F）贝尔法斯特的首都是一百万人的大型城市。
4、Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry.（F）北爱尔兰是重要的因为它的制造业。
5、The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited Britain Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago.（T）大部分爱尔兰人最初的凯尔特人的后裔的人居住英国群岛2000年前在罗马人到来之前。
6、Most Britain people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.（T）大多数英国人是新教徒,大多数爱尔兰人都是天主教徒。
7、The Britain government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland.（F）英国政府没有从伦敦直接统治在北爱尔兰。
8、Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.（T）新芬党是一种合法的政党在北爱尔兰。
快速阅读2课文译文(uint1,2,4,6,7,8,缺unit3,5)
Unit 1Text 2 bill gates in his boyhood童年时期——即使成了了大人——比尔也不修边幅。
据说为了改此习惯，玛丽为他制定了一周着装计划。
周一上学他穿蓝色装，周二绿色，周三棕色，周四黑色，等等。
周末用餐时间也布置得细致入微。
每件事都要井井有条。
比尔·盖茨讨厌浪费时间，无论是在工作中或闲暇时。
在比尔家中的餐桌上讨论总是既生动又富有教育意义。
“那是个内容丰富的学习环境，”比尔回忆道。
比尔的同代人，即使是在那个年龄，都能看出他的与众不同。
每年，他和朋友们都要去夏令营。
比尔特别喜爱游泳运动等。
他的一位在夏令营的朋友回忆道，“他绝不会是个不足挂齿或无足轻重之人。
我们都晓得比尔比我们聪颖。
甚至在更早的时候，当他九、十岁时，言谈就如同成人一般他说的话有时我们感到高深莫测。
在数学和自然方面比尔比同班同学也更胜一筹。
他需要上一所对他充满挑战的学校。
随即父母决定送他去湖畔中学—一所专门招收超常男生的学校。
这是西雅图一所限制最严的学校，它以严格的课程要求而著称，是个“连哑童都聪明的”地方。
湖畔中学允许学生们按自己兴趣自由发挥，去通达他们希望的极至。
令校方骄傲的是他们所创造的环境及设施使学生们能充分发挥各自的潜能。
这是像比尔·盖茨这样学生的理想环境。
1968年，学校做出的一项决定改变了13岁的比尔·盖茨的生活——同时也改变了许多其他的人。
学校主要家长提供的资金通过一种电传打字机进入电脑——即程序数据处理机。
在电传打字机上键入几条指令，几秒钟后程序数据处理机即会反馈回信息。
比尔·盖茨当即就着了迷——他那时最要好的朋友坎特——他那时最要好的朋友坎特·埃文斯和另一名长他两岁的学生保罗·艾伦也是如此。
他们不管有没有空，都要赶到电脑室去用用那台机器。
这些学生非常专注，以至于在电脑方面的知识都超过了老师，同时因为他们的执著也带来了不少麻烦。
他们忽略了其他的课程——每项作业都迟迟才交，有时还旷课。
英语国家文化与社会文化入门Unit2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II
the Giant’s Causeway, the World Natural Heritage
the Giant’s Causeway
the Giant’s Boot
2. Political problems Ireland has been divided by a long and bloody conflict as a result of its colonial history. One of the key issues---“the Home Rule Bill” --- Irish political control of Irish affairs. ●Ordinary life continues, and troubles are an addition. ●Crime is very low. ●Problems are mainly concentrated in particular areas.
A third of the population were Catholic Irish, who found it harder to get jobs, or to benefit from social programs such as public housing.
• The armed conflict “troubles” developed.
● Bloody Sunday (血腥星期日，1972/1/30)
In 1972, 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland, of whom 13 were Catholics who had been taking part in a peaceful civil rights march. It is an important symbol of British oppression.
英语国家社会与文化入门Unit2
Unit2一、判断题1、Ireland is part of Great Britain.（F）爱尔兰是英国的一部分。
2、"Ulster",referring to Northen Ireland,was once an ancient Irish Kingdom.（T）“阿尔斯特”,指的是爱尔兰北部,曾经是一个古老的爱尔兰王国。
3、The capital of Belfast is large city with half a million people.（F）贝尔法斯特的首都是一百万人的大型城市。
4、Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry.（F）北爱尔兰是重要的因为它的制造业。
5、The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited Britain Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago.（T）大部分爱尔兰人最初的凯尔特人的后裔的人居住英国群岛2000年前在罗马人到来之前。
6、Most Britain people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.（T）大多数英国人是新教徒,大多数爱尔兰人都是天主教徒。
7、The Britain government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland.（F）英国政府没有从伦敦直接统治在北爱尔兰。
8、Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.（T）新芬党是一种合法的政党在北爱尔兰。
英语国家文化与社会文化入门Unit2 人
Text Study
Main Ideas
Main Ideas
The History of Ancient Rome
Origin: small village in central Italy
During 700 BC–800 BC, Seven Hill Ally took shape and cities and tribes came into being.
The Roman Kingdom (753BC-509BC )
The Roman Republic （509BC-27BC）
The Roman Empire （27BC—395）
Get Started
Ancient Rome, once the largest empire in the world, was originated from some villages located on the Apennine Peninsula along the Mediterranean Sea in the 10th century BC. In 509 BC, Augustus built a republic country of Rome. During the 4th century BC, Rome unified Italy by military conquest, and after years of wars, it conquered Carthage, Greece, Macedon, etc. and built up a vast Roman Empire with a territory stretching across three continents. During this period, Rome succeedingly experienced the rule of Sulla Felix, the first Triumvirate, and the second Triumvirate. In 27 BC, Octavian called himself “Augustus” and held together in his own grasp all the military, administrative, judicial and religious powers, becoming the Emperor of Roman Empire. In the two
英语国家社会与文化 第二章 Northern Ireland
• NOTE 15
Assignment
• Bloody Sunday • Power-Sharing Mechanism • the Anglo-Irish Agreement • the Good Friday Agreement
Northern Ireland Today
• P27 last paragraph • P29 3rd paragraph (old ed.)
had been systematically taken away from the indigenous, Roman Catholic population.
• Since 1801, the whole island of ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain.
different Irish groups had been fighting against the British institutions and the British military forces. 1916年复活节起义 3. In 1919，IRA (Irish Republican Army) expanded the fighting against Britain. 爱尔兰共和军 4.Sinn Fein party: suppporters of the Irish terrorists/freedomfighters 新芬党
英语国家社会文化入门Unit2(人工翻译)
Unit2:一份对于英国的简介（2）北爱尔兰爱尔兰的北部（在一个古老的爱尔兰王国作为其一部分之后，也通常被叫做北爱尔兰）是四个区域中，无论是人口还是国土面积都是最小的。
只有1759000人（2008年12月），这比中国的许多城市都要少。
贝尔法斯特是北爱尔兰的首都，相对于其它首都而言，这只是一个仅仅只有48300人的小镇，但是这的确是北爱尔兰最大的都市。
尽管北爱尔兰很小，但是由于它自身的政治问题而变的意义非凡。
地理位置上，北爱尔兰更多的像是乡村一样，分布着低地，美丽的湖泊在它的西南部，并且还有着一条坐落极为有名的“巨人之堤”的坚固海岸线，这是一个由千年以来火山岩冷却而形成的黑色六角型圆柱所组成的岩石海角。
在神话传说中，芬恩·马库尔建造了“巨人之堤”，借此横跨海洋抵达苏格兰。
这条海岸线到迄今为止，仍是联系北爱尔兰与大不列颠历史的重要因素。
这个单元将会主要关注于北爱尔兰的政治问题，因为尽管这些问题非常复杂，但不幸的是这些却是北爱尔兰最为出名的地方。
然而，你应该记住北爱尔兰仍然过着原来的生活，那些所说的问题并不是日常生活中主要的事情。
除去这些问题，（北爱尔兰的）犯罪率也非常的低，甚至包括政治暴力和谋杀率都比许多的美国城市要低得多。
而且这些问题只是在几个主要的地方（那些问题是无法被长时间忽视，并且每个人都是受害者的地方），但是除去那些地方，人们可能会一直忘记（他们国家存在的问题）至少直到晚间报纸发放，或是装甲车（从他们身边）路过才能感受得到。
北爱尔兰在许多剧院，餐厅，酒吧和博物馆都有着一种丰富多彩的文化生活：其中最为有名的诗人，夏默·亨尼，在1995年获得了“诺贝尔文学奖”。
尼尔·乔丹凭借他自己的《哭泣游戏》获得了“奥斯卡最佳原创剧本奖”，范·莫里森是一位国际有名的流行音乐家。
布赖恩·弗里尔作为剧作家，他的舞台表演不仅仅在伦敦和都柏林得到众人的喝彩，在其它地方也是如此。
英国社会与文化lectu
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William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
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Stratford-upon-Avon
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The Globe Theatre
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Shakespeare’s complete works:
9th century Danish invasions; occupation of eastern England
885 partition of England (under King Alfred the Great)
917-26 England reoccupied Danish-held territories.
11the century
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Audio clips from an Old English version Prologue 1,2,3
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Hollywood movie adaptation, 2007
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Medieval literature
英语国家社会与文化unit 1-2
4.The introduction of Christianity
A. Time: late 6th century
B. Event: English was united under one wellorganized church with bishop & cathedral.
1. The Norman Dukes Normandy was the most highly organized
state, and the Norman ruling class were Vikings. The most important class was the knights.
2. Fuse:
B. Baron system: To restrain the growth of the power of the barons, all landowners took the oath that they would be faithful to the king against all other men.
A. Land policy: He owned all the land personally. He gave the landlords lands in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the land’s produce.
Guthrum
4. Significance:
The social system advanced towards feudalism. Class polarization became marked with the peasants becoming more servile.
英国社会与文化unit2text1
THANKS
谢谢观赏
• Para.1 functions
attend ceremonies ，make decisions， approve the appointment of Ministers and the forma tion of a cabinet ， summarize the government‘s program， concludes treaties and declares war， appointments to all offices of State and Church…
Unit 2
The Constitutional Monarchy
Like all the best families ,we have our share of eccentricities ,of impetuous and wayward youngsters and of family
disagreements.
She was once the longest reigning monarch in British history . (64 years)
Princess Diana 1961-1997
‘s ex-wife
Mother of
and
TEXT A The Constitutional Monarchy
• Para.2 however 没什么卵用~~~
Constitution gives much limit In any case she has no means of enforcing her will no real powerBiblioteka • Para 3＆4 why
tradition！！！ symbol！！！
英语国家社会与文化入门 Unit 1英国概述【最新文档】
At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous colonies or subject nations.
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction of the UK
Major points
A complicated country with a complicated name and complicated population make-up
The imperial past and its effects on today’s UK Its class and race Its regions
National Emblem
“Union Jack” --- National Flag
The UK flag consists of three elements: • the cross of St. George (red on white) for England, • the cross of St. Andrew (white diagonal on blue) for Scotland, • and the cross of St. Patrick (red diagonal on white) for Ireland.
The imperial effects on today’s UK
英语国家社会与文化入门上册unit2
Focal Points
• A brief introduction to Northern Ireland • The colonial history of Ireland
-The Home Rule Bill -The Easter Rising of 1916 -The religious conflicts between the Irish and British • Various conflicts in Northern Ireland • The British and Irish governments working together to find a practical solution to the conflicts in Northern Ireland
The Religious Conflicts between the Irish and the British
Thirteen unarmed protestors were shot dead at the march which was held in the name of Catholic civil rights in Londonderry on January 30, 1972. This is known as
Belfast, old and new
Landscape and Giant’s Causeway
II. The Colonial History of Ireland
• The Home Rule Bill • The Easter Rising of 1916 • The Sinn Fein Party • Partition of Ireland in 1921 • Religious conflicts between the Irish and the
英国国家社会与文化（学习资料）
UNIT ONEA BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE UNITED KINGDOM ⅠI Name and constituents 1.Physical features1.Full name2.History of invasions2.Constituents V.Introduction to Scotland II.Effects of its imperial past 1.Physical features1.Establishment of the commonwealth2.History2.A multiracial nation3.Retaining strong Scottish identity III. Differences in society VI. Introduction to Wales1.Rsce difference 1.Physical features2.Class difference 2. A history features campaigns3.Region difference for independence of UKIV.Introduction to England1) Name of the country#The Name of the UnionThe full and official name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandThe abbreviated name:the United Kingdom / the UK / Great Britain / BritainThe informal name:England2)British national anthem (国歌)#"God Save the Queen/ the King"Used to be an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms;Currently serves as the national anthem of the United Kingdom, one of the two national anthems of New Zealand, and the royal anthem of Canada, Australia, Jamaica and the Isle of Man.#God save the QueenGod save our gracious Queen 帝保佑女王，Long live our noble Queen 祝她万寿无疆，God save the Queen 神佑女王。
英国社会与文化
英国社会与文化The government of the UKThe British government system politics is the most ancient of system. Its origins can be traced back to more than 1000 years ago, and the British parliament is also the world's most ancient representation parliament. Now The UK is a long history of the parliamentary system of democracy, and for government constitutional monarchy. the head of state is a king or a queen. The United Kingdom is governed, in the name of the Sovereign by His or Her Majesty's Government.The democratic political through free elections, freedom of speech and everyone is equal before the law system of public and get. Britain is the principle of democracy, the national through an election in the house of Commons in London elected senator, term not more than five years. Every member of the house of Commons on behalf of Britain's national 651 constituencies in a, or "seat", the senator is usually one of several major political party members.The Monarchy and The role of the monarchThe most ancient system of government is the monarchy (by king rules). This can be traced back to from the 5 th century Britain began to rule until 1066 was the normans conquered Saxon. King egbert in AD 829 will be unified in their England under the rule of, but now the queen Elizabeth ii is the direct descendant of him.The rights of the Kings come mainly from ancient creed "rights granted". It said the authority of the monarchy is from god and not from his people. Although sometimes different between the family have WangWeiZhi divided, have insisted that he is the legal heir of the crown, but with the sacred rights, few peoplequestioned whether the monarchy should exist. For more than 1000 years, Britain is always the hereditary rule by the king and queen. But there is only a short exception.Now the queen of the UK is Elizabeth II, her title in the United Kingdom is “Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Her Other Realms and Territories, Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, She is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces and the “supreme governor” of the Ch urch of England. She gives Royal Assent to Bills passed by parliament.But now The monarch actually has no real power. The monarch’s power are limited by law and Parliament. a nd the actual state power is in the prime minister hands, In today's monarch symbol is the role of traditional and British national unity. Obviously, the prime minister and the ruling at any time, The party is part of the accounts for only of the population, they voted for. The queen, but, because she is political, belong to everybody. According to the constitution, the scope of her other role as follows: she is legal administration person in charge, legislative, and judicial organs in charge,In 1988, according to the survey, most British people think, the queen of England's most important job is to represent Britain at home and abroad, Her second most important job is to establish a good citizen and family living standards. Although the queen, in fact, is a kind of mould manufacturing Van life.constitutionNow the rule of the British method based on the basis of theterms of the constitution. Israel and the UK is the only two without written written constitution in the world, and most countries have such constitution. Without a specific written documents to list on how to control a country basic terms, the British government is the foundation of the statute law, common law (case law) and the common law. Statute passed by congress is to point to by the law; Common law is refers to the British court ruling has formed by the law; Common law refers to the law not required, but the system of government to run very important some traditional rules and habits.ParliamentThe English language "congress" (parliament) the phrase comes from the verb "parley", meaning is to discuss or talk.The United Kingdom is a unitary, not a federal, state. Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of government; (3) to examine government Policy and administrations, including proposal for expenditure; and (4) to debate the major issues of the day.Strictly speaking, the parliament today by the queen of England, the house of lords and the house of Commons composition. The three agencies must agree with the through anylaws.The house of lords and the house of CommonsThe House of Lords is made up of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of lawmaking. In other words, the non-elected House is to act as achamber of revision, complementing but not rivaling the elect House.The House of Common is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of 651 Members of Parliament (MPs). It is in the House of Commons that the ultimate authority.Britain is divided 651 constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns one member to the House of Commons.A general Election must be held every five years and is often held at more frequent intervals.Britain has a number of parties, but there are only two major parties. These two parties are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party.1. The Prime Minister presides over the Cabinet, is responsible for the allocation of functions among ministers and informs the Queen at regular meetings of general business of the Government. Cabinet members hold meetings under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister for a few hours each week to decide Government policy on major issues.2. Ministers are responsible collectively to Parliament for all Cabinet decisions; individual Ministers are responsible to Parliament for the work of their department.Now the British governmentFrom the above in brief, we can see that the British government now by its long history of influence. Britain is a representative democracy, it is a constitutional monarchy. Though the country's official summit is the queen, but her right most of it is traditional and symbolic. National and local government was elected by the people, according to the British constitution principle rules the country.。
英国社会文化Unit+1
Unit 1 The English Character
I think of…
The Britons VS. the Americans
energetic, reserved, optimistic, self-reliant, proud, adventurous, modest, extrovert, romantic, out-going, polite, patient
Within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. Self-praise is felt to be impolite. How to take other people’s compliments? E.g. ---You play the piano very well! A: (American) ---______________________ B: (British) ---______________________
Patience
Importance of Tea
Love of Games
Refusal to Admit Defeat
A Tendency to Cling to the Past
Adaptability to Foreign Conditions
Attitude towards Hostesses
英国社会与文化第二章阅读提纲
3) The third “ Home Rule Bill” was passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.
Unit 2 Northern Ireland
5177 Society and Culture of English-Speaking Countries
Slide 1 of 18
I. Physical Features of Northern Ireland
5177 Society and Culture of English-Speaking Countries
5177 Society and Culture of English-Speaking Countries
Slide 13 of 18
3. Attempts to dissolve conflicts 1) The Power-sharing mechanism in 1973 (权力分享机制）
4. Results:
Northern Ireland then became the only country in the world which is recognized as an independent entity but which is governed by three separate jurisdictions: that of the Republic of Ireland, that of great Britain and that of its own elected executive government of ten ministers.