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(英语)英语句子结构与成分试题经典

(英语)英语句子结构与成分试题经典

（英语）英语句子结构与成分试题经典一、句子结构与成分1．What is your new speech on, Mr. Smith?（选出宾语）A. WhatB. your new speechC. onD. Mr. Smith【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：你的演讲是关于什么，史密斯先生？on 介词后面跟宾语，特殊疑问词what在句中作on的宾语，故选A。

【点评】此题考查句子成分。

根据句子结构确定划线部分在句中的成分，选出正确答案。

2．John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查句子成分。

牢记句子成分。

3．This cake is really big. _______ share it.A. May be we canB. We may be canC. Maybe we canD. Maybe can we 【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大，也许我们可以分享它”。

maybe为副词，也许，可能，放于句首。

may be中may是情态动词，be是动词原形，为系表结构，译为“也许是，可能是”。

根据句意，故选C。

【点评】此题考查简单句和副词的用法。

4．What is the sentence pattern（句型）of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."？A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意："Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。

新视野试卷三级试卷及答案

新视野试卷三级试卷及答案

Text 1Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned . Other authorities, however , think the auto is here to stay . They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future .The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types .Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤) . One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system .When the auto enters the highway system, (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto retractable21. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________ .A) its power source B) its driving systemC) its monitoring system D) its seating capacity22. What is the author's main concern?A) How to render automobiles pollution-free .B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles .C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams .D) How to develop an automated subway system .23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A) A rail . B) An engine .C) A retractable arm . D) A computer controller .24. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________ .A) keep in the right laneB) wait to arrive at his destinationC) keep in constant touch with the computer centerand make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically . Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central . The computer will then monitor all of the computer car's movements . The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system . The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway . The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit . It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway . (285 words)D) inform the system of his destination by phone25. What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?A) Enthusiastic . B) Pessimistic . C) Optimistic . D) Cautious .Text 2What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career . So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school . On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history26. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?A) The importance of doing well at school .B) Using school performance to help to choose a career .C) The importance of being good at all subjects .D) The indirect value of schoolwork .27. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably ______ .A) a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB) useful for his future workC) a good way to earn extra moneyD) a good way to find out his weak points28. According to the passage, if a student's school record is not good, he ______ .A) will be a complete failure in his future workB) will not be able to find a suitable jobC) will regret not having worked harder at schoolD) may do well in his future workis not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details . This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs .If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer , think what you gained from it . If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job . Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist . Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background . You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. (303 words)29.Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for jot hunting?A) Mathematics . B) English . C) Technical Drawing . D) History .30.The whole passage centers on ______ .A)choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB)acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC)finding one's strong and weak pointsD)developing one's abilities useful in school workText 3As a Canadian bilingual (双语的)teacher,I agree that the Canadian bilingual schools have been successful in producing functionally bilingual students .However,Mr.Whelpton's suggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may be unnecessary .For example,primary teachers can and do function with a smaller vocabulary than secondary teachers .Secondly,it is doubtful that students will use English because they "understand and accept the objective of making English the language of the classroom"which is a rather sterile motive .One reason that Canadian bilingual programs work is because of the commitment to Whole Language Learning,that is,children learn a language,(first or second),by using it to transmit 播送)or receive meaningful messages that are interesting,real and important.They (want to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world around them . Bilingual programs integrate language and content in an activity-based,child-centred manner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to transmit and receive messages related to social and academic interests .Mr.Whelpton's third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximately the same level of English proficiency (熟练)when they switch to English is unrealistic and unprofitable . How does a teacher group children who have a huge vocabulary but poor grammar skills and others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabulary?Also,suppose the students have similar language abilities but different learning styles!Hence the concept of co-operative learning:students with a mixture of personalities,talents and weaknesses (a more realistic reflection of life)learn better as they co-operate (合作),instead of compete, and depend on each other for support and information .(280words)31.How would you describe the writer's style?A)The passage is written in an academic style .B)The passage is written in a journalistic style .C)The passage is written in a personal style .D)The passage is written on the basis of widespread research in the areA)32.How would you describe the writer's attitude towards the Canadian bilingual programmes?A)Balanced .B)Unenthusiastic .C)Supportive .D)Critical .33.In paragraph 1the writer ________ .A)agrees completely with Mr .Whelpton's argumentB)agrees partially with Mr.Whelpton's argumentC)disagrees completely with Mr .Whelpton's argumentD)is overwhelmingly critical of Mr .Whelpton's argument34.In paragraph 2"sterile"is closest in meaning to________ .A)uninformative B)unusual C)stereotypical D)uninspiring35.According to the writer the Canadian bilingual programs have been a success ________.A)because students accept the objective of making English the language of the classroomB)because students study in classrooms where everybody is at about the same levelC)because the students can use their first language freelyD)because they work towards real life goalsText 4If sustainable competitive advantage depends on workforce skills,American firms have a problem.Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States .Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility .Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment .The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy.In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command .The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job,off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy.The executive who holds it is never consulted onmajorstrategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO).By way of contrast,in Japan the head of human resource management is central usually the second most important,after the CEO,in the firm's hierarchy .While American firms often have the vast amounts spent on training their work forces,in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms.The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees .And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies .As a result,problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive .If American workers,for example,take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do) .the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States .More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity,and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed .The result is a slower pace of technological change .And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half.If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated,the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear .36.Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A)They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills .B)They see the gaining of skills as their employees’own busine ss .C)They attach more importance to workers than to equipment .D)They only hired skilled workers because of keen competition .37.What is the position of the head of human resource management?A)He is one of the most important executives in the firm .B)His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced .C)He is directly under the chief financial executive .D)He has no say in making important decisions in the firm .38.The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to________ .A)workers who can operate new equipmentB)technological and managerial staffC)workers who lack basic ground skillsD)top executives39.What's the main idea of the passage?A)American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management .B)Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management .C)The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy .D) The human resource management strategies of American firms will affect their competitive capacity .40.According to the passage,the decisive factor in maintaining a firm's competitive advantage is ___________ .A)the introduction of new technologiesB)the improvement of workers'skillsC)the rational composition of professional and managerial employeesD)the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employeesIII .Vocabulary and Structure (15points)Directions:Choose the best one to complete each sentence .41.I much prefer factual books such as biographies to _______of any kind .A)imagination B)narration C)fiction D)romantics42.The storm delayed us ._______the storm we would have been in time .A)But for B)If it were not C)With D)Unless43.Shaking hands is a ______way of greeting .A)conventional B)conditional C)original D)conversational44.The test results are not very _______ .He does well one week and badly the next .A)consequent B)consistent C)continuous D)convince45.We believe that these illustrations will _____some light on the point being discussed .A)show B)shine C)shed D)thrivesha 46. There was a __________ growth of the light industries during the last twenties years .A) considerate B) considering C) considerable D) considered47. We must revise our plan ______ the light of these changes .A) for B) in C) on D) with48. The next big _______ confronting the workers is the questions of wages .A) issue B) stuff C) question D) matter49. I know nothing about the accident ______ it happened somewhere near the highway .A) apart from B) except for C) besides D) except that50. The Americans still have several military ______ on the island .A) installments B) install C) installationsite D) installations51. Many disagreements have _______ when it came to the ring of their father ’s estatesA) risen B) arisen C) raised D) arrived .52. When they got ready, the enemy plane flew out of the ______ of their guns .A) field B) limit C) extent D) range53. The United Kingdom ________ England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland .A) constitutes B) comprises C) composes D) consists54. All the key words in the article are printed in _________ type so as to attract readers' attention .A) dark B) dense C) black D) bold55. Once you have made your booking and paid a ________, then the cost of your holiday cannot be changed .A) deposit B) saving C) fund D) loan56. I don't like the noise of this air conditioner , but I've learned to _______ it .A) stay with B) stand with C) go with D) live with57. We trust that you will give special care to the packing of the goods ______ they should be damaged in transit (运输).A) so that B) lest C) if D) unless58. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should _______ his findings in logic order and clear language .A) furnish B) propose C) raise D) present59. My father always warns me not to i nterfere ______ matters that don ’t concern me .A) with B) in C) on D) about60. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _______ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities .A) gather B) generate C) assemble D) yield61. The children are doing all kinds of things to win the _____ of their parents .A . effect B) affection C) affect D) affectation62. We spent all day trying to ______ our new bookshelves with a screwdriver .A . resemble B) decorate C) assemble D) transfer63. He might arrive on time, but _____ are he will be late again .A) possibilities B) prospects C) probabilities D) chances64. He _____ from newspaper work to devote his full time to writing .A) abandoned B) quit C) withdrew D) reversed65. The work is not very profitable ______ money, but I am getting valuable experience fromit .A)in line with B)in regard withC)by means of D)in terms of66.To impress a future employer ,one should dress neatly,be _______,and display interest in the job .A)timely B)swift C)instant D)punctual67.Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really ________of the reality that they represent .A)reflections B)demonstrations C)illuminations D)reproductions68.Though her parents _____her musical ability,Jennifer's piano playing is really terrible .A)pour scorn on B)heap praise upon C)give vent to D)cast light upon69.Eating too much fat can ______heart disease and cause high blood pressure .A)attribute to B)attend to C)contribute to D)devote to70.The tremendous expense of full protection of endangered animals _______the finances of the African countries which are far from rich and developed .A)stretches B)restrains C)scratches D)strainsII .Cloze (20 points)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and choose the correct ONE from the four choices given to fill in each blank .(20points)The boat was full of timber and other goods but no(71) . Not even blood (72) remaineda e y hi e d .the craft was (73) in the fog. Still, no one was left (74) the floating grave. A new crew was (75)but maybe they had navigation problems,human (76)or probably just several (77) problems,this crew was lost,too .Since this (78)of the world is (79)by the Gulf Stream, there are many (80) valleys that are (81) deep under the (82) . Clouds, rain and other atmospheric (83)can cause a generator to go out .Many cruise (84)have reported to their bureau of many strange (85) that have taken place at almost the (86) point and they happened over several occasions in a(n)(87)period of history .They would go and examine the incidents and try to find out explanations.But,alas,it (88)as though the ocean has (89) all visible evidence away .To this day the Bermuda Triangle (90)a mystery .71.A)crew B)member C)passenger D)tourist72.A)points B)dirties C)pots D)stains73.A)missed B)dropped C)lost D)disappeared74.A)board B)broad C)aboard D)abroad75.A)set B)installed C)prepared D)fixed76.A)problem B)weaknesses C)error D)disaster77.A)machinery B)mechanism C)mechanical D)mechanic78.A)district B)region C)field D)area79.A)decided B)controlled C)conquered D)occupied80.A)unexpanded B)unexpected C)unexplored D)unexploded81.A)submerged B)subtitled C)submitted D)subdivided82.A)air B)land C)surface D)ocean83.A)chances B)conditions C)occasions D)surroundings84.A)vehicles B)craft C)boats D)vessels85.A)hits B)occurrences C)sensations D)statements86.A)critical B)identical C)practical D)theoretical87.A)extended B)intended C)tended D)extensive88.A)seems B)sees C)sounds D)says89.A)drank B)chopped C)swallowed D)sucked90.A)stays B)retains C)remains D)makesPart V Writing (15points )Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition on the topic “My Opinions on Higher Education in China” .You should write at least 100words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below .1．我自己对中国高等教育的看法(成就，问题或兼而有之) 。

大学英语三级B级(词汇)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级B级(词汇)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级B级（词汇）练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. V ocabulary and StructurePart II V ocabulary and Structure (15 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section BDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each bland with the proper form of the word given in the brackets.1．It’s very______(thought)and very kind of you to offer me a job in your company．正确答案：thoughtful解析：“very”是修饰形容词的，因此本句的动词要转换成为形容词“thoughtful”。

知识模块：词汇2．______(judge)from previous experience, he will be late．正确答案：Judging解析：“judging”表示“从……判断”，用动词的主动形式表示原因，做原因状语。

知识模块：词汇3．I would rather our team members______(prepare)for the worst．正确答案：prepared解析：would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型，从句中谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。

其意为“宁愿……，还是……好些”，“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。

引导从句的that常省略。

在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。

大学英语试题3及答案

大学英语试题3及答案

大学英语试题3及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. What is the man's major?A. Computer ScienceB. English LiteratureC. PhysicsD. EngineeringAnswer: B2. When does the woman plan to go to the library?A. At 9:00 a.m.B. At 10:00 a.m.C. At 11:00 a.m.D. At 12:00 p.m.Answer: C3. Why is the man late for the class?A. He overslept.B. He got caught in traffic.C. He forgot about the class.D. He was helping a friend.Answer: B4. What does the woman suggest they do after the exam?A. Go to a movie.B. Have lunch together.C. Go shopping.D. Study for the next exam.Answer: B5. What is the man's opinion about the new campus?A. It's too crowded.B. It's very modern.C. It's too far from the city.D. It's very quiet.Answer: D二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1The passage discusses the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. It emphasizes the role of regular exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep in promoting overallwell-being.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of exercise.B. The importance of a balanced diet.C. The significance of sleep.D. The importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Answer: D7. According to the passage, which of the following is not a key component of a healthy lifestyle?A. Regular exercise.B. A balanced diet.C. Sufficient sleep.D. Excessive alcohol consumption.Answer: DPassage 2The passage describes the impact of technology on modern communication, highlighting both its advantages and disadvantages.8. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To encourage the use of technology in communication.B. To warn against the overuse of technology.C. To discuss the impact of technology on communication.D. To promote face-to-face communication.Answer: C9. Which of the following is an advantage of technology in communication mentioned in the passage?A. It allows for instant communication.B. It can be distracting.C. It can lead to misunderstandings.D. It requires physical presence.Answer: A三、词汇与语法（共20分）10. The teacher asked the students to ________ the assignment before next week.A. hand outB. hand inC. hand overD. hand downAnswer: B11. Despite the heavy rain, they ________ the game.A. gave offB. gave inC. gave upD. gave awayAnswer: B12. The company has ________ a new policy to improve employee satisfaction.A. carried outB. looked intoC. put forwardD. turned downAnswer: C13. She ________ the old house and moved to a new apartment.A. did away withB. made away withC. got rid ofD. got away fromAnswer: C14. The book is ________ to be one of the best sellers this year.A. expectedB. supposedC. predictedD. forecastedAnswer: A四、翻译（共15分）15. 请将以下句子从英文翻译成中文。

2017年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze Test PART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．Large herds of grazing mammals are most likely to be found in a______.A．grasslandB．terraceC．desertD．forest正确答案：A解析：(1)句子结构。

本句的句子结构为主动补(SVC)：主语为large herds of grazing mammals，are为系动词，most likely to be found…为主语补语(即表语)。

(2)选项词义。

A．grassland n．草原，牧草地B．terrace n．平台；梯田；阳台C．desert n．沙漠；荒原；应得的赏罚D．forest n．森林本句大意为“在草原上最有可能发现大群食草类哺乳动物”。

大学英语三级试卷及答案

大学英语三级试卷及答案

大学英语三级试卷及答案第一部分：听力理解一、短对话（每题1分，共10分）1. A. He is a teacher. B. He is a student. C. He is a doctor.2. A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn't. C. We don't know.4. A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a park.5. A. She is happy. B. She is sad. C. She is angry.二、长对话（每题1分，共10分）6. A. They are talking about their hobbies. B. They are talking about their jobs. C. They are talking about their families.7. A. He likes playing basketball. B. He likes playing football. C. He likes playing tennis.8. A. She is a teacher. B. She is a doctor. C. She is a lawyer.9. A. They are in a library. B. They are in a classroom.C. They are in a park.10. A. They are happy. B. They are sad. C. They are angry.第二部分：阅读理解一、短文阅读（每题2分，共20分）Passage 1:11. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Computers are expensive.B. Computers are used in many fields.C. Computers are only used in education.B. Store large amounts of information.C. Both A and B.二、长文阅读（每题2分，共20分）Passage 2:13. What is the main idea of this passage?C. The Internet is used for browsing the web.14. What can people do with the Internet?B. Browse the web.C. Both A and B.第三部分：写作（20分）题目：My Favorite Hob1. 你最喜欢的爱好是什么？2. 你为什么喜欢这个爱好？3. 你通常如何进行这个爱好？答案：第一部分：听力理解一、短对话1. A2. B3. C4. A5. A二、长对话6. A7. A8. A9. A 10. A第二部分：阅读理解一、短文阅读11. B 12. C二、长文阅读13. A 14. C第三部分：写作答案略。

2005年1月大学英语三级(B级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2005年1月大学英语三级(B级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2005年1月大学英语三级（B级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation from English to Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.听力原文：I’m so glad to meet you here, Jennet.1．A．Hurry up.B．Nothing left.C．No more.D．Me, too.正确答案：D解析：“I’m so glad to meet you．”与“Nice to meet you．”一样是问候时常用的表达方式，意为“很高兴见到你”。

“Me，too．”意思是“我也一样”，可用于回答多种问候语。

hurny up快点；nothing left什么也没有留下；no more没有多余的，均不符合题意。

新视野试卷三级试卷及答案

新视野试卷三级试卷及答案

新视野试卷三级试卷及答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Text 1Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion （拥挤）. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, retractable（可伸缩的）arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer（蜂鸣器）that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. (285 words)21. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.A) its power source B) its driving systemC) its monitoring system D) its seating capacity22. What is the author's main concern?A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D) How to develop an automated subway system.23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A) A rail. B) An engine.C) A retractable arm. D) A computer controller.24. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.A) keep in the right laneB) wait to arrive at his destinationC) keep in constant touch with the computer centerD) inform the system of his destination by phone25. What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?A) Enthusiastic. B) Pessimistic. C) Optimistic. D) Cautious.Text 2What should you think about in trying to find your careerYou are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. (303 words)26. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?A) The importance of doing well at school.B) Using school performance to help to choose a career.C) The importance of being good at all subjects.D) The indirect value of schoolwork.27. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably ______.A) a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB) useful for his future workC) a good way to earn extra moneyD) a good way to find out his weak points28. According to the passage, if a student's school record is not good, he ______.A) will be a complete failure in his future workB) will not be able to find a suitable jobC) will regret not having worked harder at schoolD) may do well in his future work29. Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for jot hunting?A) Mathematics. B) English. C) Technical Drawing. D) History.30. The whole passage centers on ______.A) choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB) acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC) finding one's strong and weak pointsD) developing one's abilities useful in school workText 3As a Canadian bilingual (双语的) teacher, I agree that the Canadian bilingual schools have been successful in producing functionally bilingual students. However, Mr. Whelpton's suggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may be unnecessary. For example, primary teachers can and do function with a smaller vocabulary than secondary teachers.Secondly, it is doubtful that students will use English because they "understand and accept the objective of making English the language of the classroom" which is a rather sterile motive. One reason that Canadian bilingual programs work is because of the commitment to Whole Language Learning, that is, children learn a language, (first or second), by using it to transmit (播送) or receive meaningful messages that are interesting, real and important. They want to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world around them. Bilingual programs integrate language and content in an activity-based, child-centred manner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to transmit and receive messages related to social and academic interests.Mr. Whelpton's third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximately the same level of English proficiency (熟练) when they switch to English is unrealistic and unprofitable. How does a teacher group children who have a huge vocabulary but poor grammar skills and others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabularyAlso, suppose the students have similar language abilities but different learning styles! Hence the concept of co-operative learning: students with a mixture of personalities, talents and weaknesses (a more realistic reflection of life) learn better as they co-operate (合作), instead of compete, and depend on each other for support and information. (280 words)31. How would you describe the writer's style?A) The passage is written in an academic style.B) The passage is written in a journalistic style.C) The passage is written in a personal style.D) The passage is written on the basis of widespread research in the areA)32. How would you describe the writer's attitude towards the Canadian bilingual programmes?A) Balanced. B) Unenthusiastic. C) Supportive. D) Critical.33. In paragraph 1 the writer ________.A) agrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argumentB) agrees partially with Mr. Whelpton's argumentC) disagrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argumentD) is overwhelmingly critical of Mr. Whelpton's argument34. In paragraph 2 "sterile" is closest in meaning to________.A) uninformative B) unusual C) stereotypical D) uninspiring35. According to the writer the Canadian bilingual programs have been a success ________.A) because students accept the objective of making English the language of the classroomB) because students study in classrooms where everybody is at about the same levelC) because the students can use their first language freelyD) because they work towards real life goalsText 4If sustainable competitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human resource management is central usually the second most important, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.While American firms often have the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do).the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.36. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.B) They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.C) They attach more importance to workers than to equipment.D) They only hired skilled workers because of keen competition.37. What is the position of the head of human resource management?A) He is one of the most important executives in the firm.B) His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced.C) He is directly under the chief financial executive.D) He has no say in making important decisions in the firm.38. The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to________.A) workers who can operate new equipmentB) technological and managerial staffC) workers who lack basic ground skillsD) top executives39. What's the main idea of the passage?A) American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.B) Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management.C) The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy.D) The human resource management strategies of American firms will affect their competitive capacity.40. According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm's competitive advantage is ___________.A) the introduction of new technologiesB) the improvement of workers' skillsC) the rational composition of professional and managerial employeesD) the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employeesIII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: Choose the best one to complete each sentence.41. I much prefer factual books such as biographies to _______ of any kind.A) imagination B) narration C) fiction D) romantics42. The storm delayed us. _______ the storm we would have been in time.A) But for B) If it were not C) With D) Unless43. Shaking hands is a ______ way of greeting.A) conventional B) conditional C) original D) conversational44. The test results are not very _______. He does well one week and badly the next.A) consequent B) consistent C) continuous D) convince45. We believe that these illustrations will _____ some light on the point being discussed.A) show B) shine C) shed D) thrive46. There was a __________ growth of the light industries during the last twenties years.A) considerate B) considering C) considerable D) considered47. We must revise our plan ______ the light of these changes.A) for B) in C) on D) with48. The next big _______ confronting the workers is the questions of wages.A) issue B) stuff C) question D) matter49. I know nothing about the accident ______ it happened somewhere near the highway.A) apart from B) except for C) besides D) except that50. The Americans still have several military ______ on the island.A) installments B) install C) installationsite D) installations51. Many disagreements have _______ when it came to the sharing of their fathe r’s estates .A) risen B) arisen C) raised D) arrived52. When they got ready, the enemy plane flew out of the ______ of their guns.A) field B) limit C) extent D) range53. The United Kingdom ________ England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.A) constitutes B) comprises C) composes D) consists54. All the key words in the article are printed in _________ type so as to attract readers' attention.A) dark B) dense C) black D) bold55. Once you have made your booking and paid a ________, then the cost of your holiday cannot be changed.A) deposit B) saving C) fund D) loan56. I don't like the noise of this air conditioner, but I've learned to _______ it.A) stay with B) stand with C) go with D) live with57. We trust that you will give special care to the packing of the goods ______ they should be damaged in transit (运输).A) so that B) lest C) if D) unless58. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should _______ his findings in logic order and clear language.A) furnish B) propose C) raise D) present59. My father always warns me not to interfere ______ matters that don’t concern me.A) with B) in C) on D) about60. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _______ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A) gather B) generate C) assemble D) yield61. The children are doing all kinds of things to win the _____of their parents.A. effect B) affection C) affect D) affectation62. We spent all day trying to ______ our new bookshelves with a screwdriver.A. resemble B) decorate C) assemble D) transfer63. He might arrive on time, but _____ are he will be late again.A) possibilities B) prospects C) probabilities D) chances64. He _____ from newspaper work to devote his full time to writing.A) abandoned B) quit C) withdrew D) reversed65. The work is not very profitable ______ money, but I am getting valuable experience from it.A) in line with B) in regard withC) by means of D) in terms of66. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be _______, and display interest in the job.A) timely B) swift C) instant D) punctual67. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really ________ of the reality that they represent.A) reflections B) demonstrations C) illuminations D) reproductions68. Though her parents _____ her musical ability, Jennifer's piano playing is really terrible.A) pour scorn on B) heap praise upon C) give vent to D) cast light upon69. Eating too much fat can ______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.A) attribute to B) attend to C) contribute to D) devote to70. The tremendous expense of full protection of endangered animals _______ the finances of the African countries which are far from rich and developed.A) stretches B) restrains C) scratches D) strainsII. Cloze (20 points)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose the correct ONE from the four choices given to fill in each blank. (20 points)The boat was full of timber and other goods but no(71) . Not even blood (72) remained behind. Maybe the craft was (73) in the fog. Still, no one was left (74) the floating grave. A new crew was (75) but maybe they had navigation problems, human (76) or probably just several (77) problems, this crew was lost, too. Since this (78) of the world is (79) by the Gulf Stream, there are many (80) valleys that are (81) deep under the (82) . Clouds, rainand other atmospheric (83) can cause a generator to go out. Many cruise (84) have reported to their bureau of many strange (85) that have taken place at almost the (86) point and they happened over several occasions in a(n) (87) period of history. They would go and examine the incidents and try to find out explanations. But, alas, it (88) as though the ocean has (89) all visible evidence away. To this day the Bermuda Triangle (90) a mystery.71. A) crew B) member C)passenger D)tourist72. A) points B) dirties C) pots D) stains73. A) missed B) dropped C) lost D) disappeared74. A) board B) broad C) aboard D) abroad75. A) set B) installed C) prepared D) fixed76. A) problem B) weaknesses C) error D)disaster77. A) machinery B) mechanism C) mechanical D) mechanic78. A) district B) region C) field D) area79. A) decided B) controlled C) conquered D) occupied80. A) unexpanded B) unexpected C) unexplored D) unexploded81. A) submerged B) subtitled C) submitted D) subdivided82. A) air B) land C) surface D) ocean83. A) chances B) conditions C) occasions D) surroundings84. A) vehicles B) craft C) boats D) vessels85. A) hits B) occurrences C) sensations D) statements86. A) critical B) identical C) practical D) theoretical87. A) extended B) intended C)tended D) extensive88. A) seems B) sees C)sounds D) says89. A) drank B) chopped C) swallowed D) sucked90. A) stays B) retains C) remains D) makesPart V Writing ( 15 points )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “My Opinions on Higher Education in China”. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.１．我自己对中国高等教育的看法（成就，问题或兼而有之）。

大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷6(题后含答案及解析)

大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷6(题后含答案及解析)

大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷6(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．A．Monday.B．Tuesday.C．Wednesday.D．Friday.正确答案：B解析：此题由后往前逐步断句，即可推出答案。

依次断句为immediately before Thursday／two days after the day／immediately before the day／three days before the day／follows the day根据句意，周四的前一天为周三，周三的后两天为周五，周五的前一天为周四，周四的前三天为周一，周一的后一天为周二。

故B选项正确。

2．At the eating contest the winner ate an average of 15 hot dogs at the first 20 sittings. After a further 20 sittings the average increased to 20 hot dogs. What was the average for the last 20 sittings?A．15B．20C．25D．30正确答案：C解析：前二十轮胜利者平均吃了15个热狗，一共是300个；前四十轮平均吃了20个，一共是800个。

所以后20轮总共吃了500个，平均每轮是25个。

3．Black sports cars go faster than blue saloon cars but slower than red sports cars. Now choose the ONE statement below which must be TRUE.A．Black sports cars go very fast.B．Blue saloon cars are the slowest.C．Red sports cars go slower than blue saloon cars.D．Black sports cars go slower than blue saloon cars.正确答案：B解析：黑色跑车比蓝色轿车要快，但是比红色跑车慢，由此可知红色跑车最快，蓝色轿车最慢。

大学英语三级B级(语法)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级B级(语法)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级B级（语法）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. V ocabulary and StructurePart II V ocabulary and Structure (15 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A , B, C, and D.1．The machine is making terrible noise. It wants______．A．to oilB．oilingC．to be oilingD．being oiled正确答案：B解析：本题考查某些谓语动词(情态动词)的用法。

在谓语动词为want，need 等时，如果主语和其后的宾语动词是被动的关系，宾语用动名词形式或动词不定式的被动形式。

如：My hair needs cutting. /My hair needs to be cut．知识模块：语法结构2．The reason______he gave me is not adequate for his being late for class．A．whyB．whatC．thatD．for正确答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句关系词的用法。

从本句的含义和结构可以看出，代替先行词“reason”的关系代词在定语从句“he gave me…”中充当(直接)宾语，而不是充当原因状语，因此不能选择关系副词why。

英语三级试题及答案汇总

英语三级试题及答案汇总

英语三级试题及答案汇总一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) 根据所听内容，选择正确答案。

A. ApplesB. OrangesC. BananasD. Grapes[录音内容] W: What fruit would you like to buy today? M: I'd like some oranges.答案：B2. B) 根据对话内容，选择最佳答案。

A. He is a teacher.B. He is a student.C. He is a doctor.D. He is a lawyer.[录音内容] W: What does John do for a living?M: He works at a university.答案：A3. C) 根据短文内容，回答问题。

What is the main topic of the passage?[录音内容] The passage talks about the importance ofenvironmental protection.答案：The importance of environmental protection.二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，选择最佳答案。

Passage 1[短文内容]Nowadays, with the rapid development of technology, more and more people are using smartphones.A. The number of smartphone users is increasing.B. Smartphones are becoming cheaper.C. Technology is slowing down.D. People are less interested in technology.答案：A2. 阅读以下短文，回答问题。

大学英语三级A级(词汇和语法结构)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级A级(词汇和语法结构)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级A级（词汇和语法结构）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. StructurePart II Structure (10 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences．It consists of 2 sections．Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here．You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A)，B)，C) and D)．1．Although he did not feel well, he insisted_____going there together with us.A．toB．onC．atD．for正确答案：B解析：本题考查短语insist on doing sth．(坚持做……)，这是个固定搭配，因此B项on为正确答案。

知识模块：词汇和语法结构2．I’ll ask Mr. Smith to ring you up _____ he comes back to the office.A．whenB．whereC．becauseD．although正确答案：A解析：本题考查时间状语从句的连接词。

首先，主句使用了一般将来时，从句使用了一般现在时，这种时态的用法一般只出现在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中。

观察四个选项可以发现，A项为引导时间状语从句的连词，而且意义恰当、正确。

大学英语3(D)试题及答案

大学英语3(D)试题及答案

大学英语3(D)一、单项选择题(每题1分，共30题)1. The soldier was _____ of running away when the enemy attacked.A) scolded B) charged C) accused D) punished2. Had he worked hard, he _____ the exams.A) must have got through B) would have got throughC) would get through D) could get through3. The pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strains.A) to compete B) competing C) to be competed D) having competed4. He tried to _______relations with his former wife but he failed.A) measure B) maintain C) shelter D) reply5. He _______ to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.A) resolved B) resorted C) requested D) reserved6. The engineers in this lab spent several weeks _______ their plans for the new bicycle.A) counting B) stripping C) elaborating D) casting7. James Montgomery is famous for his army ____ posters of World Wars I and II.A) recruited B) recruiting C) recruit D) recrutation8. James Fraser ____ tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.A) went out B) went for C) went in D) went against9. His parents did not approve of his plan to go and study abroad with a girl they had never met, but he ____ and married her.A) went against B) went for C) went for nothing D) went ahead10. The ____ of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New York Bay in 1886.A) Status B) Statue C) Stature D) State11. After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoon, his from____ from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan.A) involving B) changing C) evolving D) altering12. Her skin was dry after ____ to the wind during the trip.A) failure B) disclosure C) exposure D) pressure13. She accused the man _____ breaking into her house.A) at B) of C) for D) with14. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will ____ his business to his son.A) take over B) hand over C) think over D) get over15. My camera can be ____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A) treated B) adjusted C) adopted D) remedied16. Those acting for the defendant proposed to appeal ____ the sentence.A) to B)against C) for D) out17. The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.A) to be informed B) on informing C) informed D) informing12.18. Our hopes ___ and fell in the same instant.A) aroused B) arose C) raised D) rose19. I’m very sorry to have ____ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A) interfered B) offended C) impressed D) bothered20. Though ____ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.A) grown B) raised C) tended D) cultivated21. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relative play ___ roles in raising children.A) incapable B) indispensable C) insensible D) infinite22. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hardto understand this point and her explanation only ____ to his confusion.A) extended B) amounted C) added D) turned23. He was such a ____ speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture.A) specific B) dynamic C) heroic D) diplomatic24. This is the nurse who ____ to me when I was ill in hospital.A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded25. The computer has brought about surprising technological changes ____ we organize andproduce information.A) in a way B) in the way C) in that way D) in no way26. As a teacher, you should not _______ the students from asking questions in class.A) ruin B) restrain C) import D) impose27. Students with _______ problems may apply for student loans.A) economic B) financial C) male D) economical28. We should make a clear ____ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of ourdiscussion.A) separation B) discrimination C) deviation D) distinction29. Radio, television and press ____ of conveying news as information.A) are the most common three meansB) are the most three common meansC) are the three most common meansD) are three the most common means30. Many manufacturers were accused of concentrating too heavily on cost reduction, often at the____ of the quality of their products.A) expense B) exposure C) expansion D) expectation二、阅读理解(A、B、C、D、E每题10分，共5题)A. Many visitors finds the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One's first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush .City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment.At first, this may seem unfriendly to you . But drivers will rush you ; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you ; people will push past you as they walk along the street . You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home . Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often , life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well.Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to "push back", just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example . But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. Many of them first came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be .If youneed help or want to ask a question , choose a friendly looking person and say," I am a stranger here. Can you help me ?"Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find you way or answer your questions. But you must let them know that you need help. Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you aid. If this happens, do not be discouraged; just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.31. Many people who first visit the United States will find that _______.A) America is a highly developed countryB) American city people seem to be always in a rushC) the fast pace in American life often causes much troubleD) Americans are impatient and unfriendly people32.When the author says " You will miss smile ", he means ___________.A) you will fail to notice that Americans are pleasant and happyB) you will be puzzled why Americans do not smile at youC) you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendlyD) you will find that Americans don't have much sense of humor33. In the author's opinion, ___________.A) it is true that life in New York is much faster than that in any other cityB) people living outside big cities are lazy and miserableC) most American people enjoy living in the suburbs of big citiesD) those who are busy are not necessarily unfriendly34. The author mentions big cities such as Tokyo, Singapore and Paris ___________.A) to show that city people all over the world have a lot in commonB) to let his readers be aware that they are some of the world's biggest citiesC) to illustrate their difference from American citiesD) because they are some of the cities that attract visitors most35. If you say to an American that you are a stranger there, most probably be will _________.A) offer his helpB) stop smiling at youC) help you find the wayD) reply that he is pleased to meet youB. In response to his summons(传唤,召唤), I had entered the room and shut the door quietly behind me. There was a pause of complete stillness in which the buzzing (嗡嗡声)of the bees among the pink roses sounded as loud as a flight of aircraft.I said, “Grandfather?” on a note of painful hesitation.His voice was harsh when he spoke, and the words uncompromising, but I had seen him wet his lips and make the attempt twice, “Well, Annabel?”I went quickly across the room and knelt down beside the sofa and put my hands on his lap on top of the plaid(方格呢)rug. His thin hand, with its prominent blue-knotted veins(静脉), came down hard over mine, surprisingly strong and warm.In the end it was easy to know what to say. I said quite simply, “I’m sorry, Grandfather. Willyou have me hack?”The hand moved, holding mine together even more tightly. “If I said no,” said Grandfather, “it would be no more than you deserve.” He cleared his throat violently. “We thought you were dead.”“I’m sorry.”His other hand reached forward and lifted my chin. He studied my face, turning it towards the light of the window. I bit my lip and waited, not meeting his gaze. He said nothing for a long time, then, as harshly as before, “You’ve been unhappy, haven’t you?”I nodded. He let me go, and at last I was able to put my forehead down on the rug so that he couldn’t see my face. He said, “So have we,” and fell silent patting my hand.36. The passage is taken from a story about a girl who has _____________.A) had a date and returned home lateB) got married and come to see her grandfatherC) made her grandfather angry and now come to apologizeD) run away from home and returned37. We can infer from the passage that when .Annabel enters the room she _________.A) doesn’t know what to say to her grandfatherB) believes her grandfather will forgive herC) is prepared to get a good scoldingD) is surprised that her grandfather is so easy to talk to38. In the passage, the “rug” (Para. 4) is ___________.A) a floor covering B) a kind of blanketC) a tablecloth D) a cushion39. We can infer from the passage that Annabel’s grandfather ____________.A) is very strict with herB) is too uncompromising to excuse anyone’s mistakesC) is passionlessD) has tender affection for Annabel40. Which of the following best descries the relationship between Annabel and her family?A) Annabel’s family treats her unfairly.B) Annabel and her family resent one another.C) Annabel and her family love each other.D) Annabel and her family will never yield to each other.C. Today’s kids absorb lots of messages, values and attitudes from the media and from friends. Advertisements whet their appetite for many things they don’t need. What they do need is an understanding of the value of the dollar.How do kids learn to be economically savvy (机智的) ? Most schools do not teach the financial facts of life; it’s up to parents to help kids grow into responsible and skillful money earners, savers and spenders.To learn about money, kids first need to have some. Early on, parents often hand out money on an as-needed basis. But experts say paying a regular allowance is the best way to teach children the meaning of money, how to use it and how to plan. Some call it “learning capital”.A child is ready for an allowance around age five or six, when he becomes aware of therelationship between money and shopping, can differentiate coins, can add and subtract, has spending opportunities and asks parents to buy him things.How much allowance? Some experts recommend giving a dollar for each year of age, but Sharon Danes, a professor at the University of Minnesota disagrees: “I think $ 5 a week is too much for a five-year-old, and $15 is probably not enough for a 15-year-old.” What’s right for the child depends on three factors: the child’s level of development, what the parents can afford, and what the parents expect him to pay for.Whatever the amount, kids will soon feel they need more. But Sharon Danes insists that children don’t need an automatic raise each year. “There’s no lesson to be learned when children expect an increase just because they’re a year older,” she says. “The reason for getting a greater part of the family-income pie is so they can learn more about balancing demands and resources.”41. In Para. 1, “whet their appetite” most probably means ____________.A) make them wish for more B) spoil their appetiteC) sharpen their sensation D) stimulate their consuming power42. What is the best way for children to learn to be economically savvy?A) Parents don’t give them money until they really need it.B) Children are taught the financial facts of life at school.C) Parents regularly give them a certain amount of money.D) Parents help children become skillful money earners.43. At the age of five or six, children are capable of all the following EXCEPT _____.A) identifying the face value of moneyB) solving simple arithmetic problemsC) knowing that with money they can get things from storesD) going shopping themselves44. What is Professor Sharon Danes’ attitude toward the proposal of giving children a dollar foreach year of age?A) She believes this will surely encourage children to ask for more.B) She doubts whether there is such thing as “right amount” for parents to give to theirchildren.C) She thinks it is unnecessary to increase the amount each year.D) She insists that children can only get money when they study well.45. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the last sentence of the passage?A) The purpose of giving children money is to let them know more about how to use moneyand how to plan.B) If they want to get more from the family income, they must have enough knowledge offamily economy.C) Children can get more money on the condition that they are able to balance demands andresources.D) To give children more money is to make them understand the importance of balancing demands and resources.D. Suppose we built a robot (机器人) to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should weprogram the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny (否认) that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.46. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ______.A) the differences between robots and menB) the reason why men need to sleepC) about the need for robots to save powerD) about the danger of men working at night47. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.A) maintain a regular pattern of lifeB) prevent trouble that comes looking for himC) avoid danger and inefficient laborD) restore his bodily functions48. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.A) are worrying about our safetyB) are overworkedC) are in a tentD) are away from home49. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.A) need more time for restorationB) are unlikely to be attackersC) are more active than horses when they are awakeD) spend less time eating to get enough energy50. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ______.A) Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.B) The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.C) Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.D) The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.E. For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to dothings because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink of some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where on milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on”. A display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many three turns to one side.Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.51. According to the author, babies learn to do things which _____.A) are directly related to pleasureB) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of successD) will satisfy their curiosity52. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby _____.A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink53. In Papousek’s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to ______.A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised54. The babies would “smile and bubble” at the lights because ______.A) the lights were directly related to some basic “drives”B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in “switching on” the lights55. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of _____.A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complexD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills三、完形填空(每题20分，共1题)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper, you should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn’t face my __56_ apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the __57_ between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the __58_ every time she leaned over to talk to him, __59_ he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such __60 in a public place?I thought the movie would be good for my English, but _61__ it turned out, it was an Italian movie. _62__ about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and __63_ on my popcorn (爆玉米花). I’ve never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, __64_. After a while I heard _65__ more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the __66_ of the popcorn crunching (咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought started to _67_. I remembered when I was in South Korea (韩国), I _68__ to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean---I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, _69__ I saw him again in New York speaking __70_ English instead of perfect Korean. He didn’t even have a Koran accent and I_71__ like I had been betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. _72__ we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very _73__ and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to __74__ in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it __75_ out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.56. A) warm B) hot C) heated D) cool57. A) crack B) blank C) break D) opening58. A) aspect B) view C) space D) angle59. A) while B) whenever C) or D) and60. A) attraction B) attention C) affection D) motion61. A) since B) when C) what D) as62. A) Within B) After C) For D) Over63. A) concentrate B) chew C) fix D) taste64. A) too B) still C) though D) certainly65. A) much B) any C) no D) few66. A) voice B) sound C) rhythm D) tone67. A) wonder B) wander C) imagine D) depart68. A) enjoyed B) happened C) turned D) used69. A) until B) because C) then D) therefore70. A) artificial B) informal C) perfect D) practical71. A) felt B) looked C) seemed D) appeared72. A) While B) If C) Before D) Once73. A) empty B) quiet C) stiff D) calm74. A) telling B) uttering C) saying D) speaking75. A) worked B) got C) came D) made大学英语3（D）答案一、单项选择题(每题1分，共30题)1. C2. B3. A4. B5. A6. C7. B8. D9. D10. B11. C12. A13. B14. B15. B16. B17. C18. D19. D20. B21. B22. C23. B24. B25. B26. B27. B28. D29. B30. A二、阅读理解(每题10分，共5题)1. BCDAA2. DABDC3. ACDCA4. BCADA5. CCADA三、完形填空(每题20分，共1题)1. B A D C C D B A C CB B D AC A C BD C。

初中英语句子结构与成分试题(有答案和解析)

初中英语句子结构与成分试题(有答案和解析)

初中英语句子结构与成分试题(有答案和解析)一、句子结构与成分1．What is your new speech on, Mr. Smith?（选出宾语）A. WhatB. your new speechC. onD. Mr. Smith【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：你的演讲是关于什么，史密斯先生？on 介词后面跟宾语，特殊疑问词what在句中作on的宾语，故选A。

【点评】此题考查句子成分。

根据句子结构确定划线部分在句中的成分，选出正确答案。

2．John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查句子成分。

牢记句子成分。

3．What is the sentence pattern（句型）of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."？A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意："Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。

A是主谓结构；B 是主谓宾结构；C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；D是主谓+宾语+宾补。

Linda是主语（S）；bought是谓语动词（V），a book是宾语（O）；故答案为C。

【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。

4．The young man ________ glasses is my teacher.A. wearB. wearsC. put onD. with【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：带着眼镜的年轻人是我的老师。

实用英语鉴定试题及答案

实用英语鉴定试题及答案

实用英语鉴定试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What does the word "unique" mean?A. CommonB. UnusualC. UniqueD. Ordinary2. Which of the following is NOT a type of fruit?A. AppleB. BananaC. CarrotD. Orange3. Fill in the blank: "The _______ of the meeting was to discuss the new project."A. purposeB. principleC. priorityD. procedure4. What is the past tense of "begin"?A. begunB. beganC. beginningD. begins5. Who is the author of the book "Pride and Prejudice"?A. Jane AustenB. Charlotte BronteC. Emily BronteD. Mary Shelley6. The opposite of "agree" is:A. argueB. disagreeC. agreeableD. agreement7. What does the acronym "FAQ" stand for?A. Frequently Asked QuestionsB. Full-time Academic QualificationsC. Fast and QuickD. Future Academic Research8. Choose the correct sentence:A. She is more younger than her sister.B. She is much younger than her sister.C. She is more younger than her sister is.D. She is younger than her sister.9. The phrase "break the ice" is used to describe:A. Making a hole in the iceB. Starting a fireC. Initiating a conversationD. Cooling down a heated argument10. What is the meaning of the idiom "to let the cat out of the bag"?A. To reveal a secretB. To feed a catC. To open a bagD. To close a bag二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The word "____" can be used to describe something that is very small.(Hint: Begins with "m")12. "Please ______ the document and send it to me by email." (Print)13. "I ______ the book from the library last week." (borrow)14. "She is ______ to the idea of traveling abroad." (oppose)15. "We need to ______ the project before the deadline." (complete)16. "The ______ of the company is to provide quality products." (mission)17. "He ______ his speech with a joke." (begin)18. "The ______ of the meeting was to address the concerns of the employees." (purpose)19. "I am not ______ in the details of the plan." (interest)20. "She ______ the cake and served it to the guests." (cut)三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:The city of London is one of the most vibrant and diverse cities in the world. It is home to many historical landmarks such as the Tower of London, the British Museum, and the Houses of Parliament. London is also a hub for international business, attracting companies from all over the world. The city's public transport system is extensive, making it easy for residents and visitors to get around. London is known for its cultural diversity, with people from many different backgrounds living and working together.21. What is one of the historical landmarks mentioned in the passage?A. The Tower of LondonB. The Eiffel TowerC. The Statue of LibertyD. The Great Wall of China22. What does the passage suggest about London's public transport system?A. It is limited.B. It is extensive.C. It is expensive.D. It is unreliable.23. What is London known for, according to the passage?A. Its historical landmarksB. Its international businessC. Its cultural diversityD. All of the above24. What type of city is London described as in the passage?A. A quiet and peaceful cityB. A vibrant and diverse cityC. A city with limited attractionsD. A city with poor public transport25. What is the main idea of the passage?A. London's historical landmarks.B. London's public transport system.B. London's cultural diversity.D. The importance of international business in London.四、翻译题（每题3分，共15分）26. 请将下列句子翻译成英文。

2016年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2016年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2016年上半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze TestPART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing” for human beings is a question that______of a wide solution.A．requiresB．needsC．admitsD．seeks正确答案：C解析：(1)句子结构。

本句主要结构为SVC，其中whether the extension of…for human beings是主语从句，之后的is为系动词，the question是主语补语，其后的that从句为question的定语。

高中英语3例题解析试题(共3页)

高中英语3例题解析试题(共3页)

Unit 3 Men and Women：Different Roles in Society 例题(lìtí)解析【案例1】—I suppose it is going to rain tomorrow.—______.A. Yes, I don't suppose soB. Yes, I suppose notC. No, I suppose soD. No, I suppose not解析：答案为D。

NO后加否认。

I suppose not等于I don't suppose so，但用的较少。

点评：注意答语的一致。

【案例2】—Can't you do a favour for me?—______. I've something important to do.A. Yes, I can'tB. No, I can'tC. No, I canD. Yes, I can not解析：答案为B。

根据最后一个句子提供的信息，“我不能帮助〞。

所以答案是否认的，即用否认加否认来答复。

反之，假如能帮助，即用肯定加肯定。

点评：根据语境确定答复是肯定还是否认，然后确定对应形式。

【案例1】He said: "I didn't know this at all."He said〔that〕he hadn't known that at all.He said to me "I will stay with you together forever".He told that he would stay with me forever.解析：陈述句由直接引语(yǐn yǔ)变为间接引语，由that引导宾语从句，可略，时态、人称、地点、物主代词也作相应变化。

变化后从句仍是陈述句。

【案例2】"Do you know something else about earthquake?" he asked.He asked if I knew something else about earthquake.She asked "When were you born?"She asked when I was born.解析：问句由直接引语变为间接引语有两种情况：一是一般疑问句，变化后的宾语从句由if或者whether引导，有疑问含义但不是问句；二是特殊疑问句，变化后句子由特殊疑问词引导，不再加引导词that，if或者whether。

大学英语A统考模拟试题一

大学英语A统考模拟试题一

一、阅读理解What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often, and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are leftalone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.Parents should also be careful what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling achild that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probablybetter for parents to say very positive things to their children,such as "That was a very clever thing you did" or "You are such a smart child".1、The questions in the first paragraph are raised to _____.A、introduce the topic of what makes a clever mindB、compare Albert Einstein with ordinary peopleC、summarise the characters of an intelligent personD、prove that there are no answers to these questions参考答案:A解析:【答案】A【解析】细节题，问：“第一段提出的问题是为了____。

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《三大构成》试卷
一、名词解释：（每题2分，共20分）
1、点：点是相对较小而集中的形。

2、线：线是具有位置、方向和长度的一种几何元素，是点运动后形成的轨迹。

3、面：面是点的密集，或线的移动轨迹。

4、近似：指的是在形状、大小、色彩、肌理等方面有着共同的特征，它体现了在统一中呈现出的生动变化的效果。

5、重复：我们把相同或相近的形态元素进行连续有规律地、有秩序地反复排列。

6、对称：是指作品的各部分依实际或假想的对称轴或对称点两侧形成等形、等量的对应关系，具有稳定与统一的美感。

7、均衡：是从运动规律中升华出来的美的形式法则，轴线或支点两侧会形成不等形而等量的重力上的稳定。

8、骨格：骨格是构成图形的骨架与格式。

9、具象形态：在生活中已经形成的概念，并可以明确指认出的存在物。

10、抽象形态：在造型艺术领域中，特指无法明确指认出的形态或形象，在生活经验中找不到具体的存在物。

二、填空题：（每题1分，共10分）
1、构成艺术的形式分为平面构成、色彩构成、立体构成和光构成四类。

2、变化与统一的法则是使用于一切造型艺术表现的一个普遍性单位特征，也是形式美的基本规律。

3、和谐就是各个部分或因素之间互相协调，也就是各种因素存在某种共性，即同一性、近似性或调和性。

4、平面构成的基本要素——点、线、面。

5、骨格可分为规律性骨格和非规律性骨格两种。

6、平面构成中，肌理通常指物体表面的纹理。

7、发射的类型有中心点发射、螺旋式发射和同心式发射等。

8、渐变构成是指基本形态或骨格逐渐地、有规律地发生变化，它会产生节奏感和韵律感。

9、平面构成的形式有重复、近似、渐变、特异、发射、密集和肌理。

10、色彩的三要素中，纯度即色彩的纯净程度以及光波的单纯程度。

三、选择题：（每题1分，共15分）
1、（ C ）在艺术创作中是一种被充分认识和用于表达的手段。

A、艺术美
B、造型美
C、形式美
D、创新美
2、均衡时有变化的美，其结构特点为（ D ）
A、生动活泼
B、富于变化
C、有动的感觉
D、ABC
3、中国银行用古代铜钱和汉字“中”为元素，对称的结构山体现了（ A ）的理念。

A、和平
B、活泼
C、生动
D、美丽
4、德国著名建筑家沃尔特?格罗佩斯在德国魏玛市建立了（ B ）
A、卢浮宫
B、国立包豪斯学院
C、红楔子攻打白军雕像
D、唐仕女
5、以下不属于硬线材构成方法的是（ D ）
A、积垒构成法
B、线织面构成法
C、框架构成法
D、变形创新构成法
6、除了五种柏拉图式多面体外，还有一种多面体被称为（ B ）
A、雨果式多面体
B、阿基米德式多面体
C、变异多面体
D、几米式多面体
7、在单位面材上进行结构的穿插、衔接，把多个单个实体互相插接。

称为（ C ）插接
A、平面
B、变化
C、立体
D、多层
8、伟大的艺术大师三宅一生所设计的服装极具创造力等特点。

三宅一生是（ A ）人。

A、日本
B、法国
C、意大利
D、德国
9、在色彩构成中，明度统调调和，在混入（ B ）时，色彩之间的不和谐会被削弱。

A、灰色和白色
B、黑色和白色
C、灰色和黑色
D、白色和红色
10、本身不发光的色彩称为（ C ）
A、光源色
B、收缩色
C、物体色
D、固有色
11、以一个焦点为中心，层层环绕发射称为（ B ）
A、中心点发射
B、同心式发射
C、旋转式发射
D、螺旋式发射
12、法国古典主义画家达维特创作的《萨平妇女》的构图中，主要人物与次要人物的比例为（D）
A、1:1.35
B、0.28:1.2
C、1:1
D、1:1.618
13、传统的中国门栓为（ A ）图形。

A、对称
B、均衡
C、相似
D、装饰
14、平面构成的基本特点是（ B ）
A、实践性
B、基础性
C、趋理性
D、整体性
15、具象具备（ A ）特性
A、明显的可识别性
B、独一无二
C、相似性
D、创新性
四、简答题（共55分）
1、简述近似构成应注意的问题：（15分）
答：基本形态在变化时，可以有秩序地改变自身的形态特征，处理手法不要发生很大的变动，最好骨格不变，只是基本形发生微妙的变化。

作品的处理方法有很多，如利用直线、弧线、块面、肌理等变形重组等，但同一副作品中要有一个主题，不要用太多的处理手法，因为这样会使人觉得杂乱无章。

2、简述基本形的组合主要体现的几种方式。

（20分）
答：在平面构成中，由于基本形的组合，产生了形与形之间的组合关系，这种关系主要体现为以下几种方式：
①分离：形与形之间存在着一定的距离
②相接：一个形的边缘与另一个形的边缘接触
③重合：一个形重叠在另一个形之上，产生上下、前后关系
④覆盖：两形重叠，后面的形被前面的形所遮挡
⑤透叠：形与形之间透明相交
⑥合并：两形交叠，彼此联合形成一个新的形
⑦剪切：两形相交，剪去了其中一个图形的影像成分
3、简述立体构成与平面构成的关系：（20分）
答：立体构成是由二维平面形态向三维立体空间进行的构成转换，两者之间既有联系又有差异。

它们都属于一种艺术训练形式，并且能够引导学生具备造型的观念意识，把握抽象语言的情感要领，培养现代风尚的审美情趣，这均是两者之间的内在联系。

但是，它们之间也存在着很大的区别，立体构成主要是研究三维度空间实体的构成，力学、数学、工艺、美学等方面的知识都在其中得以体现，它是艺术与科学的结合体，而平面构成所研究的则是二维视角的设计，即平面的，非立体的设计元素。

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