三级口译话题：科学技术
高级口译教程经典背诵版之科技报告
高级口译教程经典背诵版之科技报告TEXTPASSAGE ONE英译汉：1．My topic today is “The Car and Air Pollution”.我今天的话题是“轿车与空气污染”。
2．In particular, I want firstly to discuss the ways in which the car causes air pollution; and secondly, how we can control or reduce air pollution from the car.具体说来，我想先讨论一下轿车引起空气污染的途径，然后我们如何控制和减少由轿车产生的空气污染。
3．First, then, how does the car cause air pollution?首先，轿车如何导致空气污染？4．What happens is that the car’s internal combustion engine is a kind of chemical factory on a small scale.桥车内燃机实际上是一座小型化工厂。
5．It uses a mixture of petrol and air, and this mixture explodes and burns, to produce the energy which propels the car.内燃机所用的燃料是汽油和空气的混合物。
汽油夹着空气，燃烧后产生驱车动力。
6．But while this is happening, many complicated chemical reactions are taking place.但是许多复杂的化学反应也同时发生。
7．In particular, part of the petrol-air mixture is not completely burned up, and so the exhaust gases from the engine contain some very dangerous chemicals, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, lead and hydrocarbons.具体而言，部分汽油空气混合物不能完全燃烧，并且发动机产生的废气包含着一些非常危险的化学物质，比如一氧化碳、氮氧化物、铅和碳氢化合物。
高级口译必备之科技翻译信息时代
信息时代戴维•莱明有论证认为，未来人们不应该再被划分为白领或者是蓝领，而应该分为知识性工作者和非知识性工作者。
知识性工作者不仅要能读会写，可以完成机械式重复的任务，他们还必须满足能够使用计算机的基本要求，而且可以不断地想出新的方法来满足日益增长的生产力的需要。
越来越多的人开始学习个人电脑、数字通讯工具和工厂机器人的使用,力使自己在这些方面更具竞争力。
生物工程、人工智能、新型材料、以及一些从未想到过的技术和管理领域中的突破进展都会极大地提高生产力。
那些最富有先进知识的人将引领时代潮流。
在工业化国家中，系统分析师、计算机科学家、程序设计师、管理分析师以及发明家和发展者都是最稀缺的人才。
教育与培训是获得更多知识的唯一途径。
同资本、资源和劳动一样，知识已经成为一项基本的生产要素——或许是最基本的生产要素。
一个社会的教育体系应该能使其成员快速的过渡到上述知识型的工作中。
否则，这个社会就必将会落后。
发达国家自动淘汰低生产率低的产业与工作，或者把它们转移到成本更低廉的国家去。
换言之，发达国家一直在努力地维持高工资的工作，同时把低收入的工作转移到发展中国家。
然而，在世界范围的信息化时代大潮中，一个发达国家如果不能够使其教育和培训体系保持领先地位，那么它或许就无法以牺牲其他国家为代价来使自己继续变得更富有。
坦白地说，无论在哪里，三流的技术都只能赚取三流的工资。
所以，我们现在可以更好地理解培根的格言了：知识就是力量。
每一个国家都面临着挑战，那就是去加强培训和吸引投资。
知识储备不足的国家，是不能吸引到投资的。
而且，作为新型经济的原材料，信息和知识，将是一个国家所能自己掌握的。
catti三级笔译实务练习题科技对农业的贡献
2019年CATTI三级笔译实务练习题：科技对农业的贡献汉译英科技对农业的贡献在农业科技领域，中国不断缩小与发达国家的差距，科技进步对中国农业的贡献率已由1949年的20%上升到现在的42%。
1农业科技部门在生物技术、高新技术、基础研究方面均取得较大进展，植物细胞和组织培养、单倍体育种及其应用研究处于世界先进地位。
2两系法品种间杂交水稻、杂交玉米育种以及多熟种植技术等方面，已达到或接近世界先进水平。
大豆杂种优势利用研究也获得重大突破。
31949年以来，中国农业科学家共培育出40多种农作物，近5000个高产、优质、抗性强的新品种，使主要农作物品种更新四至五次，每更新一次，一般增产10%至30%。
4目前，中国粮食作物单产已由1950年的1.16吨/公顷增加到 4.40吨/公顷，提高了 1.8倍。
5被国际上誉为杂交水稻之父的中国科学家袁隆平，在杂交水稻方面的研究成果改写了二十世纪后半叶中国水稻耕作的历史，也为解决全人类的口粮问题作出了卓越贡献。
6现在，中国杂交水稻的优良品种已占全国水稻种植面积的51010，平均增产20%。
，7国家有关部门先后组织实施了星火计划、重大成果推广计划、丰收计划、燎原计划等直接面向农村经济建设的科技计划，把先进的科技成果送到农村去，对促进农民科技素质的提高作用卓著。
8与此同时，农业部门从世界各地引进农作物品种、苗木10多万份，并选育了水稻、玉米、小麦等作物的新品种。
9许多新的先进技术也得以在生产中广泛应用。
10参考译文The Contribution of Science and Technology to AgricultureIn the sphere of agricultural science and technology, China has been narrowing its gap with the advanced countries. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to China agriculture has increased from 20 percent in 1949 to 4.2 percent. The sci-tech agricultural departments have made tremendous progress in bio-technology, new and high technology and basic research, and the cultivation of plant cells and tissues, haploid breeding and the research on its application have already reached world advanced level. Bilinear hybrid rice, hybrid corn breeding, and multi-crop planting technologies have reached or got close to world advanced level.In addition, an important breakthrough has been made in the utilization of the advantages of hybrid beans.Since 1949, Chinese agricultural scientists have bred over 40 new crops, including nearly 5,000 high-yield, good-quality varieties with strong resistance. Thus the major crops have been renovated four to five times, with an increase of yield by 10 to 30 percent each time. The per-hectare yield of grain crops has increased from l. 16tons in 1950 to 4.82 tons, an increase of over 1.8 times.The Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, who is internationally renowned as Father of Hybrid Rice for his tremendous achievementsin the breeding of hybrid r ice, has rewritten China’s history of rice cultivation in the second half of the 20th century and has made extraordinary contributions to the solution of mankind’s food problem. Thanks to his contributions, 51 percent of China’s paddy-fields is used to grow fine varieties of hybrid rice, with an average increase of 20 percent in yield.To spread advanced sci-tech achievements to the countryside, relevant government departments have carried out a number ofsci-tech programs directly geared to the economic development ofrural areas, such as the Spark Program, the Promotion Plan of important Scientific Achievements, the Bumper Harvest Plan, andthe Prairie Fire Program, which have played an important role insci-tech education.promoting farmers’Meanwhile, agricultural departments have imported more than100,000 crops and nursery stocks, and have cultivated a number ofnew varieties of rice, corn and wheat. Many advanced technologieshave found extensive application in agricultural production.。
探究科学发展和技术创新的口语知识和应用
探究科学发展和技术创新的口语知识和应用科学及技术的发展是人类文明进步的重要标志之一。
无论是从历史的角度看，还是从现代的科技应用来看，科技的发展都对人类社会产生了深刻的影响。
而在科技领域里发展出来的许多口语知识，也是我们生活中必不可少的重要部分。
在本文中，我们将探究科学发展与技术创新所涉及的口语知识和应用，帮助读者更好地理解并运用它们。
一、科学发展涉及的技术领域科学技术发展的领域之广，可能会让人们感到有些无从下手。
但我们可以尝试从科技发展的主要方向入手。
目前科技发展主要集中在五大领域：信息技术、生物科技、材料科技、能源科技和航空航天科技。
信息技术是当前科技发展最活跃的领域之一，主要涵盖计算机科学、网络技术、人工智能、大数据等方面。
在这一领域中，大量的专业词汇和技术术语，如云计算、物联网、深度学习、虚拟现实等等，极大地方便了人类的生产和生活。
生物科技是指将生物学和工程学相结合，开发出具有生物特性的新技术，如基因编辑、克隆技术、细胞治疗、生物芯片等。
在这一领域中，需要掌握许多生物和化学方面的知识，如DNA、RNA、氨基酸序列等，还需要了解相关的法律和伦理规范。
材料科技主要涵盖金属、半导体、高分子材料、光学材料、玻璃陶瓷等方面。
在这一领域中，需要掌握材料物理和化学方面的知识，如材料结构、性质、制备、用途等。
能源科技主要涵盖石油、天然气、煤炭、水力、核能、风能、太阳能等方面。
在这一领域中，需要掌握能源开采、转换和利用的知识，如能源转化、储存和节约等技术。
航空航天科技是研究飞行器的设计、制造和控制技术，如飞机、火箭、卫星等。
在这一领域中，需要掌握空气动力学、航空电子、导航技术等知识。
二、掌握专业术语在科学与技术领域中，需要掌握大量的专业术语，才能准确表达自己的意思。
以下是一些科技领域中常用的术语。
1. 信息技术领域（1）云计算（cloud computing）：一种通过网络交付计算服务、存储、软件等的模式。
英语翻译三级口译实务模拟试题及答案解析(6)
英语翻译三级口译实务模拟试题及答案解析（6）(1/1)Part ⅠListen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required. After you hear a sentence or a short passage in Chinese, interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone. And after you hear an English sentence or short passage, interpret it into Chinese. You will hear the signal to tell you when you start interpreting. Now let's begin.Play00:0001:41Volume第1题A: I hear that the first Millennium Technology Prize was announced by your organization. Could you tell us something about it? // B：非常乐意!“千年科技奖”设立于2002年，由芬兰政府资助。
该奖项旨在奖励那些从事“直接改善人们的生活质量、体现人类价值和促进经济可持续发展的科技创新”的人们。
／／A：I was just wondering how you select the winner out of so many nominations．／／B：首先由世界各地的大学、研究院及国家科学院提名，然后由芬兰技术奖基金会评选出获奖者。
／／A：What is the Finnish Technology Award Foundation?／／B：它是一个由芬兰政府和一些芬兰公司和组织资助的独立的基金会。
2019年英语翻译考试中级口译考试热点：科技与进步
2019年英语翻译考试中级口译考试热点：科技与进步高频句型：
1. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to speak at this seminar on the topic of “E-commerce---leader of modern business”.
能有机会在研讨会上以“电子商务---现代商务的”为题实行发言，我谨向您表示感谢。
2. I’m glad to be here to talk to you about what we have achieved in nuclear waste management.
我很高兴在这里和大家谈谈我们在处理核废料问题上所取得的成绩。
3. 中国在农业、工业和社会可持续发展等科技工作方面成效显著，在产业技术研究方面取得了一系列重大突破。
China has scored remarked achievements in agriculture, industry and sustainable social development and made a series of significant breakthroughs in industrial technology research. 1
命题发言：
1. How Would Mastering a Computer Benefit Us?
2. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Automobile。
专八作文科学技术Science and Technology 译文和难点单词中英文对照
Science and TechnologyHuman life can not continue without science and technology. For many years, human society has developed with the advance of science and technology while the development of science and technology has in turn brought the process to mankind. So the life we are living now is more civilized than that of our forefathers. The development of science and technology have brought about many changes in people's life. For example, the invention of television and space rocket have opened a new era for mankind. Through the use of TV people can hear the sound and learn the events happening thousands of miles away. Owing to the invention of spaceship and rocket, the dream of man's landing on the moon has now come true. Science and technology also play an important role in our socialist construction. We may say, our socialist construction is just like a skyscraper, while science and technology are its base. Without the base, the skyscraper can't be built. Therefore, we should try our best to contribute to the development of science and technology so as to provide a more solid base to build our country.没有科学技术，人类的生活就无法继续。
口译词汇----科学技术
Science and Technology1.bioengineering 生物工程2.genetic and cell engineering 基因工程3.integrated circuit 集成电路4.virtual reality 虚拟现实5.broadband technology 宽带技术6.intranet 局域网7.cyber-business 网上贸易8.world wide web 万维网9.silicon Valley 硅谷10.Science and technology park 科技园11.high-tech industrial zones高新技术开发区12.SMS (Short Message Service) 短信服务13.MMS (Multi-media Messaging Service) 多媒体信息服务14.pre-paid phone card 储值卡15.roaming 漫游16.DV (digital video) 数码摄影机17.3-D 三维18.LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示屏19.videophones 可视电话20.wireless palm pilots 无限掌上电脑21.IBM (International Business Machine)22.IT (Information Technology) 信息产业23.e-commerce 电子商务24.CAI (Computer- Assisted Instruction) 计算机辅助教学25.CAD (Computer-Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计26.artificial intelligience 人工智能27.dissemination and exchanges of advanced scientific andtechnological inventions 科技发明的传播和交流28.advance by leaps and bounds 突飞猛进29.application of scientific research results to industrialproduction 科研成果产业化30.to update the enterprise capabilities for technologicalinnovation 提高企业技术创新能力31.to make sustainable/remarkable progress 取得长足的进步32.the science community and the business community 科技界、企业界33.the Ministry Science and Technology 科技部34.the Chinese Academy of Science 中国科学院35.the Chinese Academy of Engineering 中国工程院36.the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 中国社会科学院37.academician 院士38.prizes/ awards for natural science and technologicalinventions自然科学奖和技术发明奖39.to win the awards for the State Scientific andTechnological Progress 获国家科技进步奖40.the State Science and Technology Achievement Award 国家科技成果奖41.Science and technology constitute the foremost productiveforces科学技术是第一生产力42.China International High-and-New- TechnologyExhibition 中国国际高新技术展览会43.to convert/translate scientific and technological resultsinto actual productive force 把科技成果转化为现实生产力44.the forefront of science and technology 科技前沿45.Li Siguang, who helped China remove the label of beingan oil-poor country甩掉中国贫油帽子的李四光46.Qian Xuesen, known as the “father of Chinese missiles”中国“导弹之父”钱学森47.Qian Sanqiang, who took charge of establishing theInstitute of Atomic Energy 主持建立原子能研究所的钱三强48.Tang Aoqing, who was the pioneer of quantum chemistryin China 中国“量子化学之父”唐敖庆49.Yuan Longping, “father of hybrid rice”“杂交水稻之父”50.Wang Xuan, who is leading the technological revolutionin the Chinese newspaper and printing industries 领导中国报业印刷业技术的王选51.state-of-the-art technology 尖端技术52.cognitive/ management/system/ nanometer/ non-linearscience 认知/管理/系统/纳米/非线性科学posite/ superconductive/magnetic/ semi-conductormaterials 复合/超导/磁性/半导体材料54.rocket technology 火箭技术55.rocket flight dynamics 火箭飞行力学56.astronautical material technology 航天材料技术munication/ meteorological/ navigation satellite 通信/气象/导航卫星58.to launch an earth-synchronous satellite into the orbit 把一颗地球同步卫星送入轨道59.to detach itself from the launch vehicle and enter the orbit脱离运载工具，进入轨道60.manned space flight technology载人航天飞行技术61.Aerospace Command and Control Center 航天指挥控制中心62.astronomical telescope 天文望远镜puter Image Processing 计算机图像处理64.HDTV (high definition television)65.HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) 超文本传送协议66.seawater desalination海水淡化67.solar/wind/geothermal/biomass energy utilization 太阳能/风能/地热能/生物质能利用68.super high-speed railway超高速铁路69.magnetic suspension train 磁悬浮列车70.to complete a genetic map 完成基因图71.trans-genetic plant转基因植物72.genetically modified/transformed food 转基因食品73.gene cloning/ transfer/ mutation 基因克隆/转移/突变74.chromosome染色体。
科学技术作文英文
科学技术作文英文英文：Science and technology have played an increasingly important role in our daily lives. From the invention of the wheel to the development of the internet, science and technology have changed the way we live, work, and communicate.One example of how science and technology have changed our lives is the smartphone. With a smartphone, we can easily communicate with people from all over the world, access information, and even control our home appliances.It has become an indispensable part of our daily lives.Another example is the development of renewable energy. As we face the challenge of climate change, renewable energy has become increasingly important. Solar panels, wind turbines, and hydroelectric power plants are just a few examples of how science and technology are helping usto reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and transition to a more sustainable future.In addition to improving our daily lives, science and technology have also contributed to the advancement of medicine. With the development of new drugs and medical technologies, we are able to treat and prevent diseases that were once considered incurable. For example, the development of vaccines has helped to eradicate diseases such as smallpox and polio.Overall, science and technology have had a profound impact on our lives and will continue to shape our future. As we face new challenges, we will rely on science and technology to help us find solutions and create a better world.中文：科学技术在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇口译教程原文
翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇口译教程原文2020年翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇不断调整和日趋完善的阶段the stage of constant adjustment and improvement产学研一体化的办学机制the educational mechanism of bining learning with researchand production成人学历教育，高等教育自学考试continuing education and self-study examination of highereducation初露端倪reveal its importance for the first time翻译导游tourist interpreter复合型，应用型管理人才versatile and practical management talents 结构性调整structural adjustment民俗风情customs and habits相伴而生be panied by学术领域academic sector应势而生e into existence as the situation requires在职培训part-time training专业方向professional emphasis资格考试qualification testThe Economic Commission for Europe欧洲经济委员会A world-wide reputation誉满全球Conference center会议中心The world Health Organization 世界卫生组织International civil servants 国际事务公务员International press center国际新闻中心Works of art 艺术品International trading center国际贸易中心Rich cultural blend 丰富多彩的文化交融Holiday resort 旅游胜地Natural reserves 自然保护区Feudal dynasty封建王朝中国革命历史博物馆the Museum of the Chinese Revolution一座历史丰碑a historical monument快节奏的社会fast-tempo society专题展览exhibitions on special subject实地考察on-the-spot investigaion经历了数千年的风吹雨打being beaten by elements for thousands of years古典艺术精品classical art treasures世界文化遗产World Cultural Heritage紫禁城the Forbidden City文物宝库a treasure house of cultural relics私人收藏家personal collectorsecurities exchanges 证券交易所stock exchanges股票交易所systematic market process有组织的买卖过程major corporation大公司New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所Tax harmonization协调税收Hot topic热门话题European Union欧盟Driving force推动力Contemplate on the harmonization统一的期望国际货币组织International Monetary Fund国内需求domestic demand经济全球化economic globalization双边渠道bilateral channels亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation金融危机financial crisis广泛关注arouse wide concern国际社会international munity公正合理的国际经济新秩序a new and reasonable internationaleconomic order从大局出发proceed from the whole situation财政政策financial policy共同繁荣mon prosperity贸易投资自由化trade and investment liberalization 日新月异progress with each passing day知识经济knowledge economyfaulty members 教职工subscribes to 订阅journals and periodicals 杂志期刊recreations and athletic facilities娱乐体育设施arts department文科系applied science应用科学recipients of Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖金获得者intellectual and personal qualities文化和个人素质living expenses生活费sense of munity团队意识成人教育学院continuing education school仿真实验室simulation laboratory教育部Ministry of Education土木工程civil engineering全国重点大学national key university信息技术information technology函授生correspondence student外国留学生international student教育展览会Education Exhibition组委会organizing mittee主要内容main ponent热点话题much-talked-about topic共同关心的信息mutually concerned information fresh water resource洁水资源over the last couple of decades 在过去的二十年里land available for farming适耕地fresh water available可用清洁水emerging economies 新兴经济global warming 全球变暖ecological crisis生态危机path to prosperity通向繁荣之路seize the opportunity抓住机遇remarkable environmental progress引人注目的环境垃圾处理garbage disposal生活必需品the bare necessities of life消费品consumer goods消费习惯consuming habit捕鱼量the volume of fishing造纸业paper-making industry木材储量timber reserves森林覆盖面积forest-covering areainward investment 对内投资entrepreneurship创业精神pay tribute to 表示敬意subsidies and grants津贴和拨款problem of terrorism恐怖主义问题gave their lives to the highest calling将生命献给了最崇高的事业target of terrorism恐怖主义的目标intensified our effort 加强力量bring to justice使归案受审国际条约international treaties世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization私营部门the private sector知识产权intellectual property总干事Director Geneor在进入新的千年之际at the threshold of the new millennium成员国member countries纲领性文件programmatic document基本人权fundamental human rights殖民枷锁colonialist shackles任重道远the burden is heavy and the road is long internet phone industry网络电话业vast potential for future development广阔的发展前景telephone sound quality电话音质instantaneous transmission即时传输GPS(Global Positioning System)全球卫星定位系统Relay station中继站Intelligent traffic management systems智能交通管理系统分子生物学Molecular biology能源综合利用prehensive utilization of energy认识科学cognitive science生产力productive force推动力量driving force相对论the theory of relativity行为科学behavior science知识科学knowledge economy新兴产业rising economy层出不穷emerge one after another科教兴国战略the strategy of economic development through science-technology andeducation可持续发展sustainable development试点工程pilot program严峻挑战serious challenges运行机制operational mechanism中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences综合国力the overall national strength磁悬浮铁路magnetic suspended railwayroot causes根本原因juvenile crime bill青少年犯罪idle talk闲聊easy access to 轻易接近zero tolerance绝不容忍balanced budget 预算平衡step up to its responsibilities 担负起责任law enforcement professionals执法者debit card提款卡magnetic stripe磁条parking meter停车计费表personal identification number 密码pull double duty具备双重功能electronic versions电子交易chip-enhanced versions加强性芯片be hot for the idea热衷于这个主意遥控器remote controller无孔不入all pervasive增强性能strengthen the property减少故障to reduce the breakdown原动力motive power高架铁路aerial train汽车废气的排放discharge of automobile exhaust fumes 毗邻而居be adjacent tostate-of-the art 最新型的，最优良的three-dimensional三维的，立体的ground-breaking 开拓性的，独创的organizing mittee组委会innovative approach创新方法marketing partner市场合作伙伴a giant leap into the future走向未来的一次飞跃cash for votes用钱拉选票bribery scandal贿赂丑闻草地网球lawn tennis发球区service court处于执牛耳的地位occupy a leading position体育道德精神sportsmanship以全体运动员的名义in the name of all the athletes借助不正当的手段resort to unjust means2020年翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇地区经济regional economic港口经营多元化diversification in port operation责任和义务perform our duties and fulfill our obligations 地区行业盛会a well-known regional event of the industry 发起港initiating portsbreak free 冲破藩篱civil society民间团体ethnic lines种族genuine partnership真正的合作伙伴squatter settlements 违章建筑区without access to 享受不到畅所欲言open dialogues计划经济的束缚the bounding of planning economy紧迫问题pressing issues科教兴省和走可持续发展的道路vitalize the province by science and technology andsustainable development空前膨胀unprecedentedly inflated控制增长势头curb the trend of steep rise面临严峻挑战face severe challenges清醒地看到acutely aware生态恶化ecological deterioration提高意识strengthen the awareness相互尊重，求同存异，平等互利，优势互补，借鉴经验，拓展合作，立足当前，着眼未来respect each other, seek the monground while putting aside difference, enjoy equality and mutual benefits,plement each other’s advantages, learn each other’s experience, expand thecooperation, stand from the present and look forward to the future以此会议为契机take the opportunity of this seminar滞后lag behind转轨建制过程缓慢the tr4ansition of mechanism is slow总结经验教训draw lessons from the pastmunity development oriented 以发展社区为宗旨的deserved winners当之无愧的获奖者ethnic minorities少数民族gainful employment有报酬的gender issues性别问题handicraft works 手工艺品e generation 工薪阶层in-depth knowledge深入了解the handicapped残疾人不求最大，但求最好seek the best instead of the largest产业结构industrial structure城乡一体化the unified design between the city and the countryside 短期行为short-term conduct房地产开发real estate development扶贫帮困help and support the poor公共绿地public lawn公用事业public utilities会展中心convention center基建规模infrastructure scale精品意识consciousness for the best精品住宅区model human settlements企业效益enterprise revenue文明乘车civil bus ride希望工程Hope Project以人为本human centered主办城市the host city综合治理prehensively administereconomic recession 经济萧条press conference 记者招待会rough diamond 钻坯sophisticated machine 先进机器staggering growth 强劲的增长trade union 业界umbrella name统称濒临停产边缘be close to production collapse 反省reflect on回报期period of investment return痛定思痛recall a painful experience卧薪尝胆endure present hardships to revive兴旺期blossom perioddevelop and flourish 茁壮成长expanding export earner不断扩展的出口创汇者impose stringent rules定下严格规则市场波动market fluctuation协会章程association charter总经营额total business revenueend-user用人单位entry-level学徒期from square one从头开始high-caliber高水平的instill or reinforce灌输或强化job specification工作性质localization programs本土化项目performance appraisal表现评估2020年翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇Give the floor to 请。
英汉汉英口译基础教程Unit 15 Science and Technology
Unit 15 Science and Technology
A. Individual Work: Presentation
Topic: What will our life be like without science and technology? Brainstorming clues: hi-tech, technological breakthrough, Chang’e One mission, Shenzhou V, space walk, space exploration
If all working PCs used that feature 30% of the time, it would save 57 billion kilowatt hours of electricity a year.
D. Pair Work: Note-taking and Interpretation
D. Pair Work: Note-taking and Interpretation
Text one Note-taking
The initiative sets annual targets for reducing power usage on personal computers and server systems. If computer users meet the targets, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted to supply power for computing uses could drop by 54 million tons a year and save more than $5.5 billion in annual energy costs.
最新英语笔译实务-3级配套训练-第十五单元--汉译英(二)21世纪科技突破
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十五单元汉译英（二）21世纪科技突破21世纪我们将活得更长（可能120岁）。
如果说通常的衰老过程主要是我们细胞内的一场激烈而不可见的竞赛的话（一场对我们的脱氧核糖酸进行破坏同我们体内的细胞对被破坏的组织进行修复的竞赛），那么21世纪遗传医学的巨大成就会使我们能够控制、甚至逆转这一过程。
但是在我们促使科学家再做得更多一些之前，不妨想一想：我们确实想要生活在一个没有人衰老，很少有孩子出生（因为地球只能承受那么多的人）的世界上吗？新奇的主意从何而来？多活的那些年我们该做些什么呢？我们将“管理”地球。
下一个世纪，我们将不再谈论天气，而是主要地去调理天气。
我们将逐渐学会如何预测人类活动对地球、对全球气候以及对生态系统所带来的影响。
拥有了这些知识，人们将更乐意用它来对我们这个星球的动作进行管理。
我们将拥有人脑的“路线图”。
这是21世纪的一个真正的“边缘领域”：人脑是我们所知道的人体最复杂的系统。
它含有1000多亿个神经元（大概是银河系中星星的数量），其中每一个神经元又连接到另外1000多种其它神经元。
21世纪的早期，我们将应用先进的磁共振成像形式绘制详细的人脑神经元动作图。
当你读一个词，说一个词，想一个词以及做其它事情的时候，我们将能肯定地说出哪些神经元在工作。
课文词汇脱氧核糖核酸DNA 遗传医学genetic medicine边缘领域frontier 神经元neuron磁共振成像magnetic resonance imaging参考译文Breakthroughs in the 21st CenturyIn the 21st century we’ll live longer (we’ll find key to longevity) (perhaps 120 years). If the normal aging process is basically a furious, invisible contest in our cells – a contest / competition between damage to our DNA and our cells’ ability to repair that damage –then 21st-century strides in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the process. (Now, 21st-century strides in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the (aging) process.) But before we push scientists to do more, consider: Do we really want to live in a world where no one grows old (no one ages) and few children are born because the planet / globe can hold / accommodate only so many people (a limited number of)? Where would new ideas come from / surface / emerge? What would we do with all that extra time (the additional length of life)?We’ll “manage” Earth. In the next century, we’ll stop talking about the weather, but will do something about it (do something about the weather instead of merely describing it). We’ll gradually learn how to predict / forecast the effects / influence of human activity on the Earth,its climate and its ecosystems / ecology. And with that knowledge will come an increasing willingness to use it to manage the workings of our planet.We’ll have a brain “road map” (a blueprint of the brai n). This is the real “final frontier” of the 21st century: The brain is the most complex human system we know (Of all the human systems it is the most complicated). It contains about 100 billion neurons (roughly the number of stars in the Milky Way), each connected to as many as 1,000 others. (Each of the 100 billion neurons, about the number of stars in the Milky Way, is joined to upwards of a thousand other neurons.) Early in the 21st century, we will use advanced forms of magnetic resonance imaging to produce detailed maps of the neurons in operation (to map / plot / draw in detail the operation of the neurons). We will be able to say with certainty which ones are working when you read a word, when you say a word, when you think about a work, and so on. (We’ll soon know for sure that neurons are activated / are working when, for instance, we read, speak or simply think about a word.)。
科学技术 -口译考试
近二百年来，人类知识确实大大增长了，也确实出现了许许多多新生事物。
举凡火车、轮船、高楼、电灯、电话、无线电都是我们的先人没有见过的。
到了20世纪后半叶，新生事物更是层出不穷：计算机、核能发电、电视、超音速飞机、人造卫星、激光、生物工程、器官移植、网络通讯，等等能，这些是甚至一百年前的人都未曾梦想到的事物。
为什么人类历史发展到了20世纪末能有如此高速的进步？回答很简单：科学发展通过五六个世纪的酝酿、萌芽与成长，到了20世纪达到了技术起飞的地步，从而使人类的生产力以指数的速率年年增长，使致力于新技术的人数年年增加，使投资于新技术的资金年年增长，所有这些发展造成了20世纪的繁荣及21世纪的美好前景。
今天科技发展的高速度使我们无法预测21世纪末世界将发展呈什么样子，就像20世纪之初没有人能梦想到20世纪末的生物工程与网络通讯一样。
可是如果我们只讨论以后三四十年间的发展，那么有一些大趋势在实际上就已经相当明朗化了，下面我想就此问题提出我个人的几点看法。
In the past two centuries, knowledge of mankind has indeed increased tremendously and many new things have indeed emerged. Things such as trains, ships, skyscrapers, electric lights, movies, telephones and radios, for instance, were never seen by our forefathers. By the latter half of the 20th century, new things began to emerge even faster, like mushrooms. They include computers, nuclear generation of electricity, television, supersonic aircraft, man-made satellite, laser, biotechnology, organ transplantation, Internet, and many others. All these were ven undreamed of by people 100 years agoWhy was it possible that there appeared such a high speed of progress by the late 20th century? The answer is simple. After five or six centuries of gestation, birth and growth, scientific development reached the stage of technical take-off by the 20th century. As a result, human productive forces have kept growing at an exponential rate year after year, the number of people devoted to the development of new technology has kept increasing year after year, and the amount of funds invested in new technology has kept growing year after year. All these developments have contributed to the prosperity of the 20th century and the bright future of the 21st century.Due to the fast speed of scientific and technical development today, it is impossible for us to predict how the world shall look by the end of 21st century, just as no one at the beginning of the 20th century could have dreamed of biotechnology and internet at the end of eh century. If we only discuss developments in the coming 30-40 years, however, some big trends are already fairly clear today. I would now like to state some of my personal views about these trends.。
中高级口译词汇——科技
CHAPTER 8SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY科技____________________________________SECTION I: 英译中2D (Two dimensional graphics images and animated images) 平面3D (Three dimensional graphics images and animated images) 三维3D Rendering 三维渲染Aaerial top dressing [ ] 空中施肥advanced technology 先进技术analog electronic technology [ ] 模拟电子技术animation [ ] n. 动画片AOL (America Online) 美国在线Apple Corporation 苹果公司artificial intelligence (AI) n. 人工智能[详析] A field of science that has attempted to improve computers by trying to incorporate characteristics of human intelligence, such as the ability to understand natural language and to perform reasoning under certain conditions of uncertainty.artificial life (AL or Alife) n. 人工生命[详析] New discipline that studies "natural" life by attempting to recreate biological phenomena from scratch within computers and other "artificial" media. Alife complements the traditional analytic approach of traditional biology with a synthetic approach in which, rather than studying biological phenomena by taking apart living organisms to see how they work, one attempts to put together systems that behave like living organisms. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange computer character set) 美国信息交换标准码A TM (Automatic Teller Machines) 自动柜员机audio card n. 声卡audio conference n. 音频会议; 电话会议BBiotechnology n. 生物工程Application which involves the deliberate manipulation of the DNA molecules, the substance within cells that carries the "recipe" for the organism and is inherited by offspring from parents.B2B and B2C 企业对企业（商家对商家），及企业对消费者的电子商务bandwidth [ ] 带宽bar codes n. 条形码[详析]Alternate standards for marking products or other items for reading by laser beamsBBS (Bulletin Board Systems) 公告板系统，论坛bookmark n. 电子书签browser n. 浏览器bullet train n. 子弹头列车Ccache memory [ ] n. 高速缓冲存储器caller ID display 来电显示camcorder [ ] n. 便携式摄像机CD Burning 光盘刻录CDMA/TDMA码分多址(一种扩频多址数字式通信技术)[详析] Code Division Multiple Access and Time Division Multiple Access dual-mode cellular telephones that aid in the receiving of fax and computer network data on computers and PDAs. CD-RW or CD-Rewritable 可重刻chat lines or chat rooms n. 聊天室CPU (Central Processing Unit) n. 中央处理器cyberspace [ ] n. 电脑空间conductor n.导体convection n. 对流cortex [ ] n. 大脑皮层cryonics [ ] n. 人体冷冻法[详析] a branch of science that aims to develop reversible suspended animation.cutting-edge n. 优势；前沿，极其重要的状态或位置Ddatabase n. 数据库desktop videoconferencing [ ] n.（桌面）视频会议dial-up connection n. 拨号连接Digital Video (DV) / Camcorder n. 数码摄像机distance education (DE) n. 远程教育E, FE–Learning (or Web-based training) n. 电子学习encryption [ ] n. 加密firewall n. 防火墙Flash 由macromedia公司推出的交互式矢量图和Web 动画的标准frontier science and technology 科技发展前沿FTP (File Transfer Protocol used for downloading files on the Internet) 文件传输协议genetic engineering n. 遗传工程[详析] the process of transferring DNA from one organism into another that results in a genetic modification; the production of a transgenic organismH, Ihacker (phreaker) n. 黑客，骇客hard drive n. 硬盘驱动器hemisphere [ ] n.大脑半球high scientific and technological content 科技含量高home page n. 主页insulator [ ] n. 绝缘体interactive television (ITV) n. 互动电视IBM= International Business Machines Corporation美国国际商用机器公司internet surfing [ ] n. 网上冲浪internet n. 互联网intranet [ ] n. 局域网ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织J,K, Ljoystick [ ] (电脑游戏等) 操纵杆[详析]A remote control device that can be used in place of a keyboard or a mouse to allow for interactions between a computer and its user. Joysticks are commonly used for computer games and usually connect through a serial port.jukebox [ ] n. 自动点唱机Kiosk [ ] n. 多功能信息商亭[详析]A multimedia display system such as those used in marketing displays at conferences and in storesLCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示器MMac (Macintosh) [ ] n. 苹果机maglev train (magnetic levitation train) [ ] n. 磁悬浮manned spaceflight n. 载人航天飞行MD (minidisk) n. 小型磁盘MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) n. 迷笛，数码音乐microcircuit [ ] n. 微电路modem [ ] n. …猫‟，调制解调器multimedia n. 多媒体[详析]The ability to combine audio, visual, and possibly other types of hardware into a presentationmolecular science n. 分子科学Nnatural sciences n. 自然科学nerd [ ] n. 不善社交、专心致志搞科研或精于科研的人；书呆子[详析] A person with no social skills, usually obsessed with science or technology (geek is more computer specific). Nerds are known for their pocket protectors, taped glasses, and plaid shirts. Many nerds are also geeks, using the net as a safe screen to hide behind while practicing their social skills.neuron [ ] n. 神经元new and high technology industries n. 高新技术产业notebook computer n. 笔记本电脑O,POmega point [ ] n. 欧米伽点[详析] a possible future state when intelligence controls the universe totally, and the amount of information processed and stored goes asymptotically towards infinity.P2P (Peer to Peer Networking) n. 对等网络PC (Personal Computer) n. 个人电脑PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) n. 个人数字助理，掌上电脑Pentium [ ] 奔腾, Intel公司生产的CPU芯片Plug and play 即插即用Plug-in n. 插件PPP (PowerPoint presentation) PowerPoint幻灯片讲座plastic beauty n. 人造美女plastic surgery n. 整形手术posthuman n. 后人类[详析] self-programming, self-constituting, potentially immortal, unlimited individuals of unprecedented physical, intellectual, and psychological powers.pseudo-science [ ] n. 伪科学R,SRAM (Random Access Memory) n. 随机存贮器，内存remote control v./n. 遥控robotics [ ] n. 机器人技术[详析] the engineering field that builds machine with the cognitive abilities necessary to interact with the real, physical world.research achievements n. 科技成果research institutions n.科研院所semi-conductor [ ]n. 半导体soil and pasture management n. 土壤和草场管理streaming media n. 流媒体synchronous [ ] adj. 同步scanner n. 扫描仪screen capturing n. 截屏search engine n. 搜索引擎ttechnological innovation n. 科技创新telecommunication n. 电迅teleconference [ ] 远程电信会议[详析] A telephone communication in which more than two people are simultaneously connected so they can exchange verbal comments as if they were in the same room having a face-to-face conference.touchscreen n. 触摸屏tablet computer n. 平板电脑tissue n. (生物) 组织UURL (Uniform Resource Locator) 互联网上的信息资源定位系统ubiquitous computer [ ] n. 无处不在的网络[详析] also known as "embodied virtuality". Computers that are an integral, invisible part of people's lives. in some ways the opposite of virtual reality, in which the user is absorbed into the computational world.virtual community [ ] n. 虚拟社区[详析] a community of persons not located in close physical proximity but forming a cultural community across computer networks.VR -- virtual reality （artificial reality）n. 虚拟现实[详析] the ultimate form of interaction between human and machine. In VR, everything you perceive is generated by a computer that responds to your movements with sights and sounds designed to make you think you are in another world.Wwater conservancy [ ]水利webcasting n. 网络广播[扩展] live web casting n. 网络直播World Wide Web 万维网SECTION II: 中译英中国热门科技词汇科学发展观concept of scientific development全民科学文化素质scientific and cultural qualities of the entire people发展科技scientific and technological advancement科教兴国revitalize China through science and education农业技术agricultural technology[扩展]白色农业white agriculture (microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture)超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice技术下乡spreading the application of science and technology in rural areas节水农业water-saving agriculture立体农业3-D agriculture农产品加工及转化the processing and commercialization of agro-products农业科技agro-science农作物良种seeds of high-quality crop农作物新品种选育the selection and breeding of new crops生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture无土栽培soil -less cultivationBP机, 传呼beeper, pager背投屏幕rear projection screen不明飞行物unidentified flying object (UFO)操作系统operating system产品科技含量technological element of a product创新innovation电话会议teleconference电话留言机answering machine对讲机talkie and walkie多媒体multimedia二期the second phase防抱死系统ABS (anti-lock braking system)孵化器incubator高产优质high yield and high quality高技术产业化apply high technology to production高科技板块high-tech sector高科技园high-tech park个人数字助理PDA (personal digital assistant)工业园区industrial park国家质量技术监督局the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家重点实验室national key laboratories火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)计算机中央处理器central processing unit(CPU)技术产权technology property right技术交底confide a technological secret to someone.技术密集产品technology-intensive product交叉学科interdisciplinary branch of science科技成果转化为生产力transfer of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces科技含量technology content科技基础设施science and technology infrastructure科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force科技体制改革reform of the science and technology management system科技与经济脱节science and technology are out of line from the economy科教兴国rejuvenate the country through science and education可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development纳米nanometer三峡水利枢纽工程the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Y angtze River 物种起源origin of species新兴学科new branch of science研究成果research results在孵企业incubated enterprises自动取款机automatic teller machine (A TM)自然科学与社会科学的交叉融合integration of natural and social sciencesIT 信息技术[扩展]信息港info port信息高地information highland信息高速公路information superhighway信息革命information revolution信息含量information content信息化informationization信息技术处理ITA– Information Technology Agreement信息检索information retrieval办公自动化OA (Office Automation)笔记本电脑laptop / notebook / portable computer电脑病毒computer virus电脑犯罪computer crime电子管理e-management电子货币e-currency电子商务e-business; e-commerce电子商务认证e-business certification电子邮件E-mail非对称数字用户环路ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop)高速宽带互联网high-speed broadband networks公告板BBS (bulletin board system)光盘杂志CD-ROM magazine广域网W AN (wide area net word)汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software黑客hacker计算机2000年问题Y2K problem计算机辅助教育CAI –computer assisted instruction计算机辅助设计CAD-computer assisted design计算机合成制造CAM-computer assisted manufacturing计算机中央处理器CPU – central processing unit超文本传送协议hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)界面interface金融电子化computerized financial services局域网LAN – local area network互联网服务提供商ISP (Internet Service Provider)全球移动通信系统( 全球通) global system for mobile communications (GSM)刻录机CD burner宽带接入broadband access宽带网broadband networks内联网、局域网(计算机) Intranet垃圾邮件junk mail千年问题、千年虫millennium bug; Y2K bug人工智能AI – artificial intelligence人机交互human - computer interaction人机交互human-computer interaction虚拟人visual human虚拟网virtual net虚拟网virtual net虚拟现实virtual reality虚拟银行virtual bank因特网服务提供商ISP- internet service provider万维网World Wide Web(WWW)应用软件internet applications域名domain在线on line掌上电脑palm computer政府上网工程Government Online Project只读存储器read-only-memory (ROM)智能感知技术perceptive technology智能终端intelligent terminal中文信息处理系统Chinese information processing system数码科技digital technology高保真Hi-Fi ( High Fidelity)高清晰度电视high definition TV (HDTV)光谷optical valley光通讯optical communication蓝光光盘Blue -ray Disc数码港cyber port数字地球digital globe数字蜂窝移动通信digital cellular mobile telecommunications三维电影three-dimensional movie三维动画three-dimensional animation[详析] “蓝光光盘”利用蓝色的激光束来刻录数据。
2020年12月六级作文万能模板：科学技术
2020年12月六级作文万能模板：科学技术科学技术是第一生产力，现代科技提升了我们的科技水平，但同时也为我们带来一系列世界性的问题，所以，我们又需要借助科技的力量，进一步发展。
科学究竟能否解决世界性难题呢？作文题目：Science and the World's Problem 科学与世界性难题参考范文：In saying that the world is at a crossroads created by science and technology I know I am not the first. But mankind cannot afford to hesitate in indecision. There is only one choice for us. We must begin to move along the road to abetter future for all the peoples of the world and we must do this now.By the end of the 20th century, the population of theworld might have been doubled. In attempting to ensure food, clothing and a dignified standard of life for this enormous host of people we must use every weapon that science and technology can give us. There are obvious difficulties forthe less developed areas in doing this — for example, lackof capital, differences in social structure and inadequate knowledge.Our strategy to overcome these difficulties must be total. We have to look at world problems as a whole, that is, try to better our understanding of the complex interactions between the multitude of development activities. We already know the great gifts that science and technology can bestow on all nations. If we are made wiser by a constant appreciation ofthe complexities of what we are attempting, the faster we shall move towards a solution of the really imperative problems that confront us everywhere.。
高级口译经典背诵-科技报告
科技报告PASSAGE ONE英译汉：1．My topic today is “The Car and Air Pollution”.我今天的话题是“轿车与空气污染”。
2．In particular, I want firstly to discuss the ways in which thecar causes air pollution; a nd secondly, how we can control orreduce air pollution from the car.具体说来，我想先讨论一下轿车引起空气污染的途径，然后我们如何控制和减少由轿车产生的空气污染。
3．First, then, how does the car cause air pollution?首先，轿车如何导致空气污染？4．What happens is that the car’s internal combustion engine is a kind of chemical factor y on asmall scale.桥车内燃机实际上是一座小型化工厂。
5．It uses a mixture of petrol and air, and this mixture explodes and burns, to produce t he energywhich propels the car.内燃机所用的燃料是汽油和空气的混合物。
汽油夹着空气，燃烧后产生驱车动力。
6．But while this is happening, many complicated chemical reactions are taking place. 但是许多复杂的化学反应也同时发生。
7．In particular, part of the petrol-air mixture is not completely burned up, and so the ex haustgases from the engine contain some very dangerous chemicals, such as carbon mo noxide,nitrogen oxides, lead and hydrocarbons.具体而言，部分汽油空气混合物不能完全燃烧，并且发动机产生的废气包含着一些非常危险的化学物质，比如一氧化碳、氮氧化物、铅和碳氢化合物。
口译高频词汇对照表(五)
口译高频词汇对照表（五）K（补贴协议）可诉补贴 actionable subsidy会计电算化 accounting computerization跨世纪工程 a trans-century project跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development跨境交付（服务贸易） cross border supply可持续发展 sustainable development可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development可转换债券 convertible bond刻录机 CD writer; disc-carving machine快速立法 fast track快速反应部队 rapid response force宽限期 grace period快讯 news flash; flash宽带网 broadband networks宽带接入 broadband access空头支票 accommodation note, lip service空中小姐 air hostess; air stewardess扣帽子 put a label on口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease口头禅 pet phrase科研攻关 scientific research and tackle the key research project科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements科技含量 technology content科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation卡丁车 kart开门红 to begin well，to make a good start开小灶 give special favor开题报告 opening speech; opening report开夜车 burn the midnight oil; work over night开标 bid opening开放式基金 open-ended fund开发一代，储存一代，预研一代 (产品） to develop this generation of products while researching on the next generation of products开发公司 development company开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity开工典礼 commencement ceremony开后门 under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one’s friends or relatives by underhand means坎儿井 karez看守政府,看守内阁,过渡政府 caretaker cabinet看跌/看涨期权 put / call option康乃馨 carnation抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea抗震棚 quake-proof shelter考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热 the craze for graduate school烤烟型卷烟 Virginian-type cigarette控股公司“holding company, controlling company”亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficitL(行业中的)龙头老大 leading enterprise; flagship of the industry旅行结婚 have a honeymoon trip零配件 spare and accessory parts零和博奕 zero-sum game; zero game裸机 bare mobile phone旅客列车票价 price of passenger train tickets离退办 office for the affairs of the retired workers篱笆墙 barriersblockage to inter-regional trading另类音乐，非正统音乐 alternative music理论联系实际 linking theory with practice老少边穷地区“former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas ”老生常谈，陈词滥调 cut and dried, cliché绿色食品 green food绿色奥运,科技奥运,人文奥运 green, high-tech and people friendly Olympic Games绿色急救通道 emergency green path领头羊 bellwether老油条 wily old bird; old slicker绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate劳动合同制 labor contract system理货公司 tally company绿化 afforestation老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.礼仪小姐 ritual girl乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款“arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines”猎头公司 head-hunting company留学咨询 consulting on the study abroad留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary留得青山在，不怕没柴烧“Where there is life, there is hope.”劣等品 shoddy goods; substandard goods; lemon (informal)乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费“unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises ”临时主教练 caretaker coach论文答辩 (thesis) oral defense龙头产品 flagship product六艺:礼、乐、射、御、书、数“six classical arts: rites, music, archery, riding, writing, arithmetic”利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery利好因素 wrinkle利基 niche轮值主席 chairman on duty立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture联想集团 Legend Group联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration linked to output联合联络小组 joint liaison group联合投标 syndicated tender联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)联合国会费 the UN membership dues (fee)联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises连续抽烟的人 chain smoker连带责任 joint liability垃圾融资 junk financing垃圾债券 junk bond拉拉队 cheering squad拉拉队长“cheer-leader, rooter king”拉选票 seek a vote拉尼娜现象 La Nina phenomenon拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth拉关系 try to curry favor with廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government廉政公署 Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC)廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers’materials for processing来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone蓝牙技术 bluetooth蓝筹股 blue chips蓝光光盘 Blu-ray Disc练摊 to be a vendor路演 road show粮食收购部门 (government’s) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies粮油关系 grain and oil rationing registration良性循环 virtuous circle录取通知书 letter of admission录取分数线 enrollment mark两手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup.两手抓，两手都要硬 grasp both links at the same time and attach sufficient importance to both两思（致富思源，富而思进） to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence两院院士 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation两弹一艇“A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine”两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两个对等的政治实体 two equal political entities流星雨 meteor shower流动人口 transient population流动图书馆 travelling library; bookmobile《论语》 Analects of Confucius《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio。
口译材料科技
只看中文Microbiologist Paul Keim at the ScienceWriters2011 conference in Flagstaff on October 16 explained that sequencing a pathogen's genome has dropped in 10 years from $500,000 to as low as $10. Steve Mirsky reports.10月16日在Flagstaff召开的2011科学作家大会上，微生物学家Paul Keim解释道：在10年之内，排列一个病菌基因的成本已经从50万美元降到了10美元。
“The human genome was sequenced, and in the process of moving that forward the technology that was developed was incredible. And because of their efforts in the human genome, that technology is available to folks like us.”“人类的基因被排列出来了，在此过程中，技术发展惊人。
受科学家们的不懈努力所赐，基因排列技术已经可以用于我们自身。
”Northern Arizona University’s Paul Keim at the ScienceWriters2011 conference. The ability to compare genomes is a powerful tool for identifying the origins of a natural disease outbreak or bioterrorism. Keim’s team examined the anthrax mailed to victims in the 2001 attacks and determined that it did not come from Iraq.北亚利桑那大学的Paul Keim 在2011年科学作家大会上说了上面的话。
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Examples Analysis
主语的转换（汉语有名词以外成分充当主语）
采用新工艺大大降低了产品的成本。 The adoption of the new process has greatly cut the cost of production. 能吃能睡不一定就健康。 Great eaters and sleepers are not always healthy. 今天讨论范围涉及时事政治的问题。 Today’s discussion covers issues of current political affairs. 工作时候心不在焉，经常会带来不必要的损失。 Absent-mindedness in our work will often lead to unwanted losses.
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Examples Analysis
各民族之间建立了平等、团结、互助的新型关系。 We have established a new type of relationship characterized by equality, solidarity and mutual assistance between different ethnic groups. A new type of relationship of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance between different ethnic groups has been established.
1. The subject is not essential; 2. The subject has no grammatical control over the whole sentence; 3. There can be more than one subject; 4. The subject can be a noun, verb, adjective or any such structures.
专题口译
专题口译专题
科学技术
Session 2
主题与主语
Chinese vs. English
只要用功读书，就能提高成绩。（隐含主语） If one studies hard enough, one will … 国庆节七天我们第一天全家人北京路购物。 （多主语） On the first day of the seven-day National Day holiday, our whole family … 游泳非常消耗体力。（主语非名词） Swimming is quite exhausting. It is quite exhausting to swim. 刮风了，下雨了。（零位主语） It is windy and rainy. LOGO
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Examples Analysis
中美两国贸易中时常出现摩擦和纠纷，此起彼伏、接连不断，在 摩擦中前进。 Frictions and disputes frequently come forth in Sino-US trade, but progress is made in frictions. There are frequent frictions and disputes in Sino-US trade, but progress is made in frictions.
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Chinese: Topic-Comment话题:评说(Sapir)
Topic is the theme of a sentence. Comment is narration about the theme.
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Features of the Subject in Chinese
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Examples Analysis
如果仅以此作为一个标准，来说中国就是一个发 达国家，我觉得这种说法是不公平的。 But if you consider this the only standard and say China is a developed country, I think this is unfair. But I think it is unfair to use this as the single standard to conclude that China is a developed country.
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Examples Analysis
1）主语的增补（汉语无主语）
出太阳了！ The sun is rising! 冷死我啦！ I am dead cold. 累得我走不动了。 It exhausted me so much that I couldn’t walk. I was too tired to walk. 知己知彼，百战不殆。 You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself.
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Modern English sentences 83% -- 97% SVO (Jesperson) Theme = Psychological Subject Theme ≈ Subject
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Features of the Subject in English
1. There must always be a subject; 2. The subject is the theme of the sentence that the verb structure describes; 3. The subject has grammatical control; 4. The subject must be a noun or a noun structure.
A subject-prominent language (eg. English) is a language in which the grammatical units of subject and predicate (SV) are basic to the structure of sentences and in which sentences usually have subject-predicate structure. A topic-prominent language (eg. Chinese) is one in which the information units of topic and comment are basic to the structure of sentence.
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Exa主语）
近二十年的时间已经充分证明，我们进行改革开放的 方向是正确的，信念是坚定的，步骤是稳妥的，方式 是渐进的，取得的成就是巨大的。 The practice in the past 20 years has eloquently proved that the direction of our reform and openingup is right, our conviction is firm, our steps are steady, our approach is gradual and our achievements are huge. The practice in the past 20 years has eloquently proved that we are right in direction, firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform and opening-up and have achieved tremendous success.
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Examples Analysis
中国历史上产生了许多杰出的哲学家、思想家、 政治家、军事家、科学家和文学艺术家。 China produced in its history many outstanding philosophers, thinkers, statesmen, strategists, scientists, writers and artists. Many outstanding philosophers, thinkers, statesmen, strategists, scientists, writers and artists were produced/emerged in China’s history. The Chinese history has witnessed the emergence of many eminent philosophers, thinkers, statesmen, strategists, scientists, LOGO writers and artists.
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Difficulties with Chinese Subjects (SVO?):
1）宾踞句首 2）主谓谓语句 3）宾踞动前 4）主状不分 ∴可以没有主语，也可以有多个主语，除名词以外，可以由动词，形 容词，副词，介词短语，主谓结构担当主语。
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Subject-prominent vs. Topic-prominent
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English: Theme-Rheme主位:述位 (Mathesius)
Theme is the primary element of a sentence; it is the subject being talked about and is known. Rheme is the core element of a sentence; it is something the speaker wants to say about the theme, or something related to the theme.