Strategic_Capability[1]
国家安全战略的英语
国家安全战略的英文通常表达为"National Security Strategy"。
1.The National Security Strategy (NSS) outlines the core principlesand objectives guiding a nation's foreign and defense policies.翻译:国家安全战略(NSS)概述了一国指导其外交和国防政策的核心原则和目标。
2.President unveiled the latest National Security Strategy,emphasizing economic strength as a foundation of nationalpower.翻译:总统发布了最新的国家安全战略,强调经济实力作为国家力量的基础。
3.The NSS prioritizes cybersecurity threats as a critical componentin maintaining national security.翻译:国家安全战略将网络安全威胁作为维护国家安全的关键组成部分予以优先考虑。
4.In accordance with the NSS, the country will bolster its allianceswhile promoting regional stability.翻译:按照国家安全战略,该国将在促进地区稳定的同时加强其同盟关系。
5.The NSS identifies climate change as a significant risk to long-term global security and calls for international cooperation.翻译:国家安全战略将气候变化视为对全球长期安全的重大风险,并呼吁国际协作。
strategic partnership模板
【导言】1. 定义:strategic partnership是指两个或多个实体之间建立的长期合作关系,旨在共同实现商业利益和战略目标。
2. 意义:在当今全球化和竞争激烈的商业环境中,建立战略合作伙伴关系可以帮助企业共同开发新市场、共享资源、降低成本、提高竞争力。
【第一部分:战略合作伙伴关系的重要性】1.1 市场竞争激烈在当今全球化的市场环境中,企业面临着日益激烈的竞争压力,单打独斗已经不再是唯一的选择。
1.2 共同开发新市场通过与合作伙伴建立战略合作关系,企业可以凭借各自的优势共同开拓新的市场,实现双赢局面。
1.3 资源共享战略合作伙伴关系能够让企业共享资源,包括技术、资金、人力等,从而实现资源优化配置和利益最大化。
1.4 降低成本通过共同采购、生产、物流等方式,合作伙伴可以降低成本,提高效率,从而增强竞争力。
【第二部分:建立战略合作伙伴关系的步骤】2.1 目标明确在建立战略合作伙伴关系之前,双方应明确合作的目标和愿景,确保双方的利益一致。
2.2 信任基础建立战略合作伙伴关系的关键是建立起双方之间的信任基础,只有信任的双方才能够长期合作。
2.3 协同合作双方应该形成协同合作的机制,包括信息共享、资源整合等,确保合作的顺利进行。
2.4 风险控制在建立合作关系的过程中,双方应该共同制定风险控制机制,降低合作的各种不确定性。
【第三部分:战略合作伙伴关系的管理和维护】3.1 沟通机制建立战略合作伙伴关系后,双方需要建立起良好的沟通机制,及时沟通问题并解决矛盾。
3.2 利益平衡战略合作伙伴关系的双方应该平衡各自的利益,避免出现一方受损而另一方获益的情况。
3.3 风险预警双方需要建立风险预警机制,及时发现并解决合作中可能出现的各种风险。
3.4 绩效评估定期进行合作绩效评估,分析合作的成果和问题,并及时调整合作策略。
【第四部分:战略合作伙伴关系的案例分析】4.1 阿里巴巴与菜鸟网络阿里巴巴集团与菜鸟网络建立了战略合作伙伴关系,共同发展智慧物流,推动新零售模式的发展。
Linux的capability深入分析
Linux的capability深入分析一)概述:1)从2.1版开始,linux内核有了能力(capability)的概念,即它打破了unix/linux操作系统中超级用户/普通用户的概念,由普通用户也可以做只有超级用户可以完成的工作.2)capability可以促进作用在进程上(受到限制),也可以促进作用在程序文件上,它与sudo相同,sudo只针对用户/程序/文件的详述,即sudo可以布局某个用户可以继续执行某个命令,可以修改某个文件,而capability就是使某个程序具有某种能力,比如:capability让/tmp/testkill程序可以kill掉其它进程,但它不能mount设备节点到目录,也不能重启系统,因为我们只指定了它kill的能力,即使程序有问题也不会超出能力范围.3)每个进程存有三个和能力有关的图形:inheritable(i),permitted(p)和effective(e),对应进程描述符task_struct(include/linux/sched.h)里面的cap_effective,cap_inheritable,cap_permitted,所以我们可以查阅/proc/pid/status去查阅进程的能力.4)cap_effective:当一个进程要进行某个特权操作时,操作系统会检查cap_effective 的对应位是否有效,而不再是检查进程的有效uid是否为0.比如,如果一个进程必须设置系统的时钟,linux的内核就可以检查cap_effective的cap_sys_time位(第25十一位)与否有效率.5)cap_permitted:表示进程能够使用的能力,在cap_permitted中可以包含cap_effective中没有的能力,这些能力是被进程自己临时放弃的,也可以说cap_effective是cap_permitted的一个子集.6)cap_inheritable:则表示能被当前进程继续执行的程序承继的能力.二)capability 的预设与去除我们在下面的程序中给当前的进程设定能力,最后我们清除掉所设定的能力,源程序如下:1#include2#include3#include4#include5#include67#undef_posix_source8#include910externinterrno;1112voidwhoami(void)13{14printf(\euid=%igid=%i\\n\15}1617voidlistcaps()18{19cap_tcaps=cap_get_proc();20ssize_ty=0;21printf(\22(int)getpid(),cap_to_text(caps,&y));23fflush(0);24cap_free(caps);25}2627intmain(intargc,char**argv)28{29intstat;30whoami();31stat=setuid(geteuid());32pid_tparentpid=getpid();3334if(!parentpid)35return1;36cap_tcaps=cap_init();373839cap_value_tcaplist[5]=40{cap_net_raw,cap_net_bind_service,cap_setuid,cap_set gid,cap_setpcap};41unsignednum_caps=5;42cap_set_flag(caps,cap_effective,num_caps,caplist,cap_set);43cap_set_flag(cap s,cap_inheritable,num_caps,caplist,cap_set);44cap_set_flag(caps,cap_permitted, num_caps,caplist,cap_set);4546if(cap_set_proc(caps)){47perror(\4849returnexit_failure;50}51listcaps();5253printf(\54cap_clear(caps);//resettingcapsstorage5556if(cap_set_proc(caps)){57perror(\58returnexit_failure;59}60listcaps();6162cap_free(caps);63return0;6465}编程:gcccapsettest.c-ocapsettest-lcap运行:./capsettestuid=0euid=0gid=0theprocess2383wasgivecapabilities=cap_setgid,cap_setuid,cap_se tpcap,cap_net_bind_service,cap_net_raw+eipdroppingcapstheprocess2383wasgivecapabilities=备注:1)我们对该进程增加了5种能力,随后又清除了所有能力.2)首先通过cap_init()初始化放置cap能力值的状态,随后通过cap_set_flag函数的调用,将三种图形的能力设置给了变量caps,再通过cap_set_proc(caps)预设当前进程的能力值,通过cap_get_proc()回到当前进程的能力值,最后通过cap_free(caps)释放出来能力值.3)cap_set_flag函数的原型就是:intcap_set_flag(cap_tcap_p,cap_flag_tflag,intncap,constcap_value_t*caps,cap _flag_value_tvalue);我们这里的调用语句是:cap_set_flag(caps,cap_permitted,num_caps,caplist,cap_set);第一个参数cap_p是存放能力值的变量,是被设定值.这里是caps.第二个参数flag是是三种能力位图,这里是cap_permitted.第三个参数ncap是要设定能力的个数,这里是num_caps,也就是5.第四个参数*caps就是必须预设的能力值,这里就是caplist数组,也就是cap_net_raw,cap_net_bind_service,cap_setuid,cap_setgid,cap_setpcap.第五个参数value就是同意必须预设还是去除,这里就是cap_set.4)cap_set_proc函数的原型就是:intcap_set_proc(cap_tcap_p);cap_set_proc函数通过cap_p中的能力值预设给当前的进程.5)cap_get_proc函数的原型就是:cap_tcap_get_proc(void);cap_get_proc函数回到当前进程的能力值给cap变量.6)cap_free函数的原型就是:cap_free(caps);cap_free函数清扫/释放出来cap变量.7)如果我们fork()了子进程,那么子进程继承父进程的所有能力.8)无法单独预设cap_effective,cap_inheritable图形,必须必须和cap_permitted单胺,且cap_permitted一定要是其它两个图形的SGE.9)如果两次调用cap_set_proc函数,第二次调用的值力值不能少于或多于第一次调用.如第一次我们授权chown,setuid能力,第二次只能是chown,setuid不能是其它的能力值.10)普通用户不能给进程设定能力.三)进程的能力掩码:我们可以通过下面的程序以获取当前进程的掩码,它就是通过capget函数去以获取选定进程的能力掩码,当然我们也可以用capset去预设掩码,下面以获取掩码的彰显:1#undef_posix_source2#include3#include4#include5#include6#include7#include89intmain()10{11struct__user_cap_header_structcap_header_data;12cap_user_header_tcap_header= &cap_header_data;1314struct__user_cap_data_structcap_data_data;15cap_user_data_tcap_data=&cap_dat a_data;1617cap_header->pid=getpid();18cap_header->version=_linux_capability_version_1;1920if(capget(cap_header,cap_data)<0){21perror(\22exit(1);23}24printf(\25cap_data->permitted,cap_data->inheritable);26}gcccapget0.c-ocapget0-lcap普通用户:./capget0capdata0x0,0x0,0x0超级用户:/home/test/capget0capdata0xffffffff,0xffffffff,0x0这也说明了默认情况下,root运行的进程是什么权限都有,而普通用户则什么权限都没有.我们可以将本程序与上面的程序进行整合,如下:1#include2#include3#include4#include5#include67#undef_posix_source8#include910externinterrno;1112voidwhoami(void)13{14printf(\euid=%igid=%i\\n\15}1617voidlistcaps()18{19cap_tcaps=cap_get_proc();20ssize_ty=0;21printf(\22(int)getpid(),cap_to_text(caps,&y));23fflush(0);24cap_free(caps);25}262728intmain(intargc,char**argv)29{30intstat;31whoami();32stat=setuid(geteuid());33pid_tparentpid=getpid();3435if(!parentpid)36return1;37cap_tcaps=cap_init();3839cap_value_tcaplist[5]=40{cap_net_raw,cap_net_bind_service,cap_setuid,cap_set gid,cap_setpcap};41unsignednum_caps=5;42cap_set_flag(caps,cap_effective,num_caps,caplist,cap_set);43cap_set_flag(cap s,cap_inheritable,num_caps,caplist,cap_set);44cap_set_flag(caps,cap_permitted, num_caps,caplist,cap_set);4546if(cap_set_proc(caps)){47perror(\4849returnexit_failure;50}51listcaps();5253cap_free(caps);。
Strategic Management Concepts and Cases战略管理概念与案例
21st Century Competitive Landscap
■ Introduction: The Competitive Landscape (CL)
■ Pace of change i s rapid ■ P a r t n e r s h i p s c r e a t e d by mergers &a c q u i s i t i o n s (M& ■ Other CL c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : Economies of s c a l e ,
· Destroy value of existing technology · Create new markets
12
21st Century Competitive Landscape
■ Technology and Technology Changes (Cont’d)
■ 1 . Technology d i f f u si o n &d i s r u p t i v e technologie ■ 2 . The information age ■ 3 . Increasing knowledge i n t e n s i t y
6
Chapter 1 : S t r a t e g i c Management and Strategic Competitiventent areas
■ Nature of Competition ■ The 21st Century Competitive Landscape ■ I/O Model of Above-Average Returns (AAR) ■ Resource-Based Model of AAR ■ Stra te gic Vision and Mission ■ Stakeholders ■ Strategic Leaders ■ The S t r a t e g i c Management Process
capability 英语解说 -回复
capability 英语解说-回复Capability refers to the ability or capacity of an individual, organization, or system to perform a specific function or task. It essentially determines how well a person or entity can handle various responsibilities and challenges. In this article, we will explore the concept of capability and delve into its different aspects and implications.To begin with, capability can be categorized into different types based on its scope and range. The first type is individual capability, which refers to the skills, knowledge, and attributes possessed by an individual. This includes both hard skills, such as technical abilities and expertise, as well as soft skills, like communication and problem-solving capabilities. Individual capability plays a crucial role in determining an individual's effectiveness in performing their role within an organization or society.Moving on, we have organizational capability, which pertains to the collective skills, resources, and systems within an organization. It encompasses the organizational structure, culture, and capacity to adapt and innovate. Organizational capability is essential for achieving goals, delivering products or services, and effectivelycompeting in the market. It involves various aspects, such as the ability to manage and coordinate different departments, align strategies with objectives, and foster a culture of learning and growth.Furthermore, we can also talk about technological capability, which focuses on an organization's ability to leverage technology effectively. This includes the infrastructure, tools, and systems used to support operations and achieve strategic objectives. Technological capability involves staying updated with the latest advancements, investing in appropriate technologies, and ensuring efficient utilization of available resources. Organizations with strong technological capability can gain a competitive edge and adapt to the ever-changing business landscape.In addition, societal capability refers to the collective capacity of a society or community to address complex issues and challenges. It involves collaboration, cooperation, and effective governance among various stakeholders, including governments, NGOs, businesses, and citizens. Societal capability is crucial for achieving sustainable development goals, resolving social problems, and promoting the overall well-being of its members.Now that we have discussed various types of capability, it is essential to highlight the process of developing and enhancing capability. Developing capability requires a systematic approach, involving assessment, planning, implementation, and continuous improvement. Firstly, it is vital to assess the current state of capability to identify strengths and areas for improvement. This can be done through performance evaluations, skills assessments, or stakeholder feedback.Based on the assessment, a comprehensive plan should be developed to address the identified gaps and build the required capability. This plan should include specific goals, actions, timelines, and allocated resources. Implementation involves executing the plan, which may include training programs, recruitment or development of skilled personnel, upgrading infrastructure, or adopting new technologies.However, building capability is not a one-time event but an ongoing process. It requires continuous monitoring, evaluation, and refinement. Regular assessment of progress against the set goals helps in identifying any deviations or further improvementareas. Feedback from stakeholders, customers, or employees can also provide valuable insights for future enhancements.In conclusion, capability is a fundamental aspect of individuals, organizations, and societies. It encompasses various types, including individual, organizational, technological, and societal capability. Developing and enhancing capability involve a systematic approach of assessment, planning, implementation, and continuous improvement. By investing in capability development, individuals, organizations, and societies can unleash their potential and thrive in an ever-evolving world.。
Strategic-Capability
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
11
What is Organisational Knowledge?
Organisational knowledge is the collective experience accumulated through systems, routines, and activities of sharing
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
9
Exhibit 3.5 Criteria for Inimitability
Complexity
Robustness of strategic capability
Culture and history
advantage in ways that others cannot imitate or obtain
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
6
Exhibit 3.3 Sources of Cost Efficiency
Causal ambiguity
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
10
What are Dynamic Capabilities?
Dynamic capabilities are an organisation’s abilities to renew and recreate its strategic capabilities to meet the needs of a changing environment
LECTURE_07_VALUE_CHAIN_ANALYSIS
Strengths
Strengths can arise from
The Value Chain
Source: M.E. Porter, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, Free Press, 1985. Used with permission of The Free Press, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. © 1985, 1988 by Michael E. Porter. All rights reserved.
ie: Giving better VALUE - from customer
perHale Waihona Puke pectiveValue:
Relationship between benefits provided as perceived by customer and price paid
So use Value Chain to Analyse activities to see how these perform RELATIVE TO COMPETITORS
M15EFA CFS
Lecture 7 Value Chain Analysis
Objectives:
Explain the concept of a value chain
HRBP四种能力要求
HRBP四种能力要求不同的企业对HRBP有不同的能力要求,这些能力要求有四个1华为HRBP四大能力(文化能力+业务能力+管理能力+专业能力),是基于原有HRBP六大角色定位延展而来。
雀巢的HRBP的能力模型,也是从HRBP 扮演的6 个角色谈起:(1)Strategic Partner战略伙伴要求HRBP能理解业务需求,从人力资源的角度给业务支持。
(2)HR Integrator人力资源整合专家要求HRBP能够整合HR 部门、HR 团队、HR 的制度和政策,从人力资源各个方面去系统思考。
(3)Capability Builder能力建设者一方面,做好HRBP自身的提升或团队能力的提升,另一方面,通过自己的提升来帮助业务,促进业务人力的成长,建立业务团队能力的提升。
(4)Culture Enabler文化促进者要求HRBP能把企业文化或业务独有的价值观贯彻进员工的日常工作,发挥文化的隐形作用。
(5)Change Engine变革推动者要求HRBP从人力资源的角度去推动组织变革、业务变革。
(6)Insight Advocate洞察倡导者要求发挥HRBP的洞察力,帮助业务从人力资源的角度洞察隐性的问题。
2这是我们根据HR实践总结出来的,所谓场景,就是HRBP在实践中,在特定的阶段会遇到特定的问题,就需要培养的特定的核心能力(方法)。
比如说,初级HRBP转身,刚派驻到业务,通常面临不懂业务、业务不认可、找不准问题切入点的难题。
需要重点培养——三板斧(方法论):通业务、建信任、给结果。
(1)通业务——简单说,HRBP要在前线了解业务,洞察业务变化的影响因素,你要听得懂“炮声”,才能准确“呼唤”后台“炮火支援”。
(2)建信任——HRBP要想把工作做到位,不跟业务搭档和团队保持融洽的信任关系基本上是寸步难行的。
(3)给结果——HRBP冲在一线,要成为一个问题终极者,而不是问题制造者,面对业务团队的非HR问题,同样要求“结果导向”。
Huawei领导力素质模型
StrategicLeadershi p CompetencyModel DictionaryDRAFT战略性领导力素质模型字典草案February,2005Version1DRAFT HuaweiStrategicLeadershipModelCompetencies∙CustomerFocus关注客户 ...................................................................................................... ∙Partnering建立伙伴关系.......................................................................................................BuildingHuaweiCapabilityCluster构建华为能力素质群 ..................................∙InspiringLeadership鼓舞式领导........................................................................................... ∙BuildingOrganizationalCapability塑造组织能力 ............................................................... ∙Cross-functionalCollaboration跨部门合作.........................................................................BuildingIndividualCapabilityCluster构建个人能力素质群 ..............................∙DriveforResults结果导向 ...................................................................................................... ∙CommitmenttoHuawei献身华为.......................................................................................... ∙StrategyThinking战略思维 .................................................................................................... ∙UnderstandingOthers理解他人............................................................................................BaselineCompetencies基本素质......................................................................∙AnalyticalThinking分析思考................................................................................................. ∙ImpactandInfluence施加影响............................................................................................... ∙InformationSeeking信息搜集 ............................................................................................... ∙Initiative积极主动...................................................................................................................BuildingCustomerCapabilityCluster构建客户能力的素质群CustomerFocus关注客户Definition:定义Thepassiontounderstandandservethecustomer,meetingtheirneeds increativeandinnovativeways.“Customer”referst ocurrent,potentialandinternalcustomers.致力于理解客户需求,并为客户提供创造性解决方案的行为特征。
杜邦分析体系下比亚迪财务分析-财务分析-毕业论文
毕业论文杜邦分析体系下比亚迪财务分析摘要近年来,许多欧美国家非常注重新能源汽车的发展,都把发展新能源汽车提升到国家战略高度,欧盟一些国家提出了“禁止销售燃油时间表”,尤其是在全球变暖、生态环境变得十分恶劣、化石能源储存量有限的情况下,发展新能源汽车就显得十分重要。
杜邦分析体系是的是世界上知名度较高的一种财务分析体系,基础指标为权益净利润率,可帮助管理层科学评测和合理预估企业营运、偿债、盈利等各个层面的水平和能力,其指标可进一步细分为权益乘数、总资产周转率以及销售净利率。
以企业经营管理和投资眼光来给予企业资金投资者和公司管理者遇到的问题以一定的参考和借鉴。
本文以比亚迪股份有限公司作为主要研究对象,基于杜邦分析体系的基本原理进行了相关财务分析。
第一章,主要介绍国内外研究背景及意义、趋势。
第二章,是对本篇文章主要运用的理论和方法进行介绍。
第三章,大体概括和介绍了研究对象的现状。
第四章,基于杜邦财务分析体系,对研究对象进行深入分析研究。
第五章,以研究对象的金融投资水平为核心关键进行深入分析,并提出来解决企业投资和管理方面遇到的相关问题的解决意见。
本文最终得出结论,比亚迪的偿付能力、运营能力和盈利能力都需要提高,并且有很大的成长空间,在中国经济快速发展世界经济逐渐复苏的情况下,比亚迪前途可期。
关键词:杜邦财务分析体系;比亚迪股份有限公司;财务分析AbstractIn recent years, many European and American countries have paid great attention to the development of new energy vehicles, and have promoted the development of new energy vehicles to the national strategic level. Some countries in the European Union have proposed a “prohibition of sales fuel schedules”, especially in the context of global warming and ecological environment. The development of new energy vehicles is very important in the case of very harsh and limited fossil energy storage.The DuPont analysis system is a well-known financial analysis system in the world. The basic indicator is the equity net profit rate. The following includes the net sales rate, total asset turnover rate and equity multiplier, which can make profits and repay debts. The ability and level of operation and other aspects of the operation are reasonably evaluated and predicted. From the perspective of investment and business management, the problems encountered by corporate capital investors and company managers are given some reference and reference.This paper mainly uses DuPont financial analysis method to conduct financial analysis on BYD Co., Ltd. The first chapter mainly introduces the research background, significance and trend at home and abroad. The second chapter introduces the theory and methods mainly used in this article. The third chapter gives a brief introduction to BYD Co., Ltd. The fourth chapter is the financial analysis of BYD using DuPont analysis. The fifth chapter mainly analyzes BYD's financial investment ability and proposes solutions to the problems related to corporate investment and management. The paper concludes that BYD's solvency, operational capability and profitability need to be improved, and there is a lot of room for growth. In the case of China's rapid economic development and the gradual recovery of the world economy, BYD's future is expected.Key Words:DuPont financial analysis system; BYD Co., Ltd.; financial analysis目录第1章绪论 (1)1.1研究背景及意义 (1)1.1.1研究背景 (1)1.1.2研究意义 (1)1.2文献综述 (1)1.2.1国外研究综述 (1)1.2.2国内研究综述 (2)1.2.3国内外研究的不足及趋势 (3)1.3研究方法 (3)第2章杜邦财务分析体系的理论 (4)2.1财务分析理论 (4)2.1.1财务分析基本方法 (4)2.1.2财务分析综合方法 (4)2.2杜邦财务分析体系 (5)2.2.1净资产收益率 (5)2.2.2总资产净利率 (6)2.2.3销售净利率和总资产周转率 (6)2.2.4权益乘数 (6)第3章比亚迪股份有限公司简介及其财务状况 (8)3.1 比亚迪股份有限公司简介及发展历程 (8)3.1.1公司简介 (8)3.1.2公司发展历程 (8)3.2比亚迪公司财务状况 (9)第4章比亚迪股份有限公司杜邦分析法分析 (11)4.1净资产收益率分析(ROE) (11)4.2总资产净利率分析(ROA) (12)4.3销售净利率和总资产周转率分析 (12)4.4权益乘数分析 (14)第5章比亚迪财务投资综合能力分析 (15)5.1偿债能力分析 (15)5.2营运能力分析 (16)5.3盈利能力分析 (16)5.4偿债能力问题及对策 (17)5.5营运能力问题及对策 (17)5.6盈利能力问题及对策 (18)第6章结论 (19)参考文献 (20)致谢 (21)第1章绪论1.1研究背景及意义1.1.1研究背景当今,汽车产业在全球范围内得到了进一步发展,这主要得益于世界整体经济水平日益提高,中国首屈一指,虽然已成为全球第一大汽车市场,但不管是我国各个地区还是家庭来说汽车的人均拥有量与美国、加拿大等发达国家还有很大差距。
capabilities提权的方法
一、提权概述在计算机领域中,提权是指将一个用户的权限提高到比原来更高的级别。
通常情况下,权限越高,可以执行的操作也就越多。
提权可以让用户执行一些普通权限无法完成的任务,比如访问受限资源、修改系统文件等。
在实际应用中,提权被广泛应用于网络安全、系统管理等领域。
提权的方法种类繁多,包括但不限于漏洞利用、提权工具、权限提升等。
二、漏洞利用漏洞利用是一种常见的提权方法。
当系统或应用程序存在未修补的安全漏洞时,黑客可以利用这些漏洞来获取更高的权限。
常见的漏洞包括操作系统漏洞、应用程序漏洞、网络漏洞等。
黑客可以利用这些漏洞来执行恶意代码,获取系统权限或者访问敏感数据。
及时修补漏洞,加强系统安全是至关重要的。
三、提权工具提权工具是一种专门用于提高用户权限的软件。
这些软件通常通过利用系统或应用程序的漏洞来获取更高的权限。
常见的提权工具包括Metasploit、PowerSploit、Mimikatz等。
这些工具可以帮助黑客快速获取管理员权限,执行恶意操作。
在使用这些工具时,需要格外小心,确保系统安全。
四、权限提升除了利用漏洞和工具来提升权限外,还有一些常见的方法可以实现权限提升。
比如在Windows系统中,可以通过修改系统注册表,利用系统服务漏洞,修改系统凭据等方式来提升权限。
在Linux系统中,也可以通过提升SUID权限,利用setuid程序漏洞等方式来获取更高的权限。
五、防范措施为了有效防范提权攻击,我们可以采取一些措施来加固系统安全。
及时修补系统和应用程序的安全漏洞,确保系统处于最新的安全状态。
加强系统日志监控,及时发现异常操作。
另外,限制用户权限,确保每个用户只能访问自己需要的资源,避免权限滥用。
定期对系统进行安全检查,使用安全审计工具定期扫描系统漏洞,及时发现可能存在的安全隐患。
六、总结提权是一种常见的攻击方式,可以让黑客获取更高的权限,执行恶意操作。
为了防范提权攻击,我们需要加强系统安全管理,及时修补漏洞,加强日志监控,限制用户权限等措施。
Strategic Capability
Competitive Rivalry
Competition like in almost all oligopolies is quite high with firms competing on differentiated products rather than price.
Strategic capability refers to the resources and competences of an organisation needed for it to survive and prosper.
The debate among academics sometimes seems to centre on an “outside – in” approach versus an “inside – out” approach.
Typically one of the biggest influences
Industry Attractiveness Analysis – Telecomms.
Threat of Entrants
Barriers of entry were traditionally low due to economies of scale, experience, network distribution channels, customer loyalty and even supplier loyalty (Nokia claims a cost advantage of 20%). By networking with Cingular in the US, achieving some economies of scale, and differentiating so much Apple it seems has managed to enter the market, with 4 UK networks competing for a contract.
高级数据库系统工程师认证试卷
高级数据库系统工程师认证试卷(答案见尾页)一、选择题1. 数据库系统的基本功能是什么?A. 数据存储和检索B. 数据处理和分析C. 系统安全和用户管理D. 所有以上选项2. 在数据库设计中,哪种范式用于消除非主属性对主键的传递依赖?A. 第一范式(1NF)B. 第二范式(2NF)C. 第三范式(3NF)D. BCNF3. 什么是数据库事务的ACID特性?A. 原子性(Atomicity)、一致性(Consistency)、隔离性(Isolation)、持久性(Durability)B. 可靠性(Reliability)、可用性(Availability)、安全性(Security)C. 功能性(Functionality)、可靠性(Reliability)、可用性(Availability)、互操作性(Interoperability)D. 易用性(Usability)、可维护性(Maintainability)、可扩展性(Scalability)、可测试性(Testability)4. 在分布式数据库系统中,什么是CAP定理?A. 一致性(Consistency)、可用性(Availability)、分区容错性(Partition tolerance)B. 读一致性(Read consistency)、写一致性(Write consistency)、持久性(Durability)C. 数据完整性(Data integrity)、数据可用性(Data availability)、数据分区容错性(Data partition tolerance)D. 数据共享(Data sharing)、数据完整性(Data integrity)、数据安全性(Data security)5. 什么是SQL注入攻击?如何防止它?A. SQL注入攻击是一种利用数据库漏洞进行的攻击,通过插入恶意SQL代码来执行未经授权的操作。
Bain战略分析工具英文版
Creating and managing a profit pool
Profit pool analysis may indicate new opportunities or threats
Imperatives
Be open to a new perspective on your business and industry
0
0
other components
personal computers
microprocessors
share of industry revenue
software
peripherals
Value chain focus Axes
Vertical—operating margin Horizontal—share of industry data
service repair
100%
aftermarket parts auto rental
2023/12/29
4
Profit Pools: Company Examples
Companies
Automakers U-Haul Elevators (OTIS) Harley Davidson
Polaroid
Current strategy
Change product focus
Change Customer focus
2023/12/29
15
Application to our cases
Retail industry (Wal*Mart) Soft drink industry (Coca-Cola and
组织资源与能力
Introduction
Common Elements in Successful Strategies
Successful Strategy
Effective Implementation
Simple, consistent, long-
term goals
Profound understanding of the competitive
Human
How people gain and use experience, skills, knowledge, build relationships, motivate others and innovate
Long-term survival and competitive advantage
VRIN
V Value: Do capabilities exist that are valued by customers and provide potential competitive advantage?
R Rarity: Do capabilities exist that no (or few) competitors possess?
Purpose
Culture
Strategic Choices
Strategy in
Action
Strategic Capabilities – the key issues
• Strategic capabilities, resources and competences • ReJohnson, Whittington and Scholes (2006) Exploring strategy, 9th edition, Prentice Hall
basel 2 标准法 35%风险权重
basel 2 是国际银行业监管标准,旨在提高全球银行系统的稳健性。
其中,风险权重是指银行在计算资本充足率时,对不同资产的风险程度进行加权。
根据巴塞尔协议II的规定,35%风险权重通常用于评估某些特定类型的资产,如股权、债权等。
具体来说,35%风险权重可能适用于以下情况:
1. 对于股权投资,如果投资对象是上市公司,且该股票的流动性较好,那么风险权重可能为35%。
这意味着银行需要为这些投资保留35%的资本。
2. 对于债权投资,如果投资对象是信用评级较高的企业或政府债券,那么风险权重可能为35%。
这意味着银行需要为这些投资保留35%的资本。
需要注意的是,具体的风险权重取决于多种因素,如投资对象的信用评级、市场流动性等。
因此,在实际操作中,银行需要根据具体情况来确定风险权重。
质量体系英文缩写
1。
PDCA:Plan、Do、Check、Action 策划、实施、检查、处置2。
PPAP:Production PartApproval Process生产件批准程序3。
APQP:Advanced ProductQuality Planning产品质量先期策划4.FMEA:Potential FailureMode and Effects Analysis 潜在失效模式及后果分析5。
SPC:Statistical ProcessControl统计过程控制6。
MSA:Measurement SystemAnalysis 测量系统控制7.CP:Control Plan 控制计划8.QSA:Quality SystemAssessment 质量体系评定9。
PPM:Parts Per Million 每百万零件不合格数10.QM:Quality Manua质量手册11.QP:Quality Procedure质量程序文件/Quality Planning质量策划/Quality Plan 质量计划12.CMK:机器能力指数13。
CPK:过程能力指数14。
CAD:Computer-AidedDesign 计算机辅助能力设计15。
OEE:Overall Equipment Effectiveness 设备总效率16.QFD:Quality FunctionDeployment质量功能展开17.FIFO:First in, First out先进先出18。
COPS:Customer OrientedProcesses顾客导向过程19。
TCQ:Time、Cost、Quality时间、成本、质量20.MPS:Management Processes管理性过程21。
SPS:Support Processes支持性过程22。
TQM:Total QualityManagement全面质量管理23。
PQA:Product QualityAssurance产品质量保证(免检)24.QP—QC-QI:质量三步曲,质量计划-质量控制-质量改进25。
战略一致性模型
战略一致性模型战略一致性模型(Strategic Alignment Model,SAM)战略对应模型、战略匹配模型什么是战略一致性模型战略一致性模型(Strategic Alignment Model)也称是战略对应模型,战略策应模型,Venkatraman和他的同事在1993年提出,企业信息化战略投入的价值难以体现的首要原因在于企业的运营战略与IT战略之间缺少策应关系。
其次是企业缺少一个动态的操作流程来保证运营战略与IT战略之间持久的策应关系。
提出的一套进行IT战略规划的思考架构,帮助企业如何检查经营战略与信息架构之间的一致性,如下图。
Venkatraman、Henderson和Oldach提出的战略策应模型,决定无形资产的价值。
是一项用以帮助企业实现运营战略与信息化战略相互策应的技术。
在总结前人的研究基础上,Henderson指出战略对应基本包括“内容”和“过程”两个方面。
前者指IT战略规划与企业战略规划中需要达到对应的要素,如组织结构、IS结构、IT基础设施、企业战略类型、管理模式、IT人员等;后者则是战略对应的实现途径,即企业战略规划与IT战略的集成方式。
例如战略目标集转化法(SST)、企业系统规划法(BSP)、关键因素法(CSF)、组合分析法(PA)、价值链分析方法(VCA)等。
然后,Henderson认为各种战略对应的模型、方法事实上都是以权变思想为基础的竞争模型,即内容和结构必须在某种程度上相互适应,这样才是企业获得良好绩效的大前提。
在此基础上,他们提出的SAM模型得到学者们的广泛认可。
战略一致性模型的四种主导模式战略执行(Strategy Execution)这一战略策应模式认为,企业的运营战略既是组织存在的动力,也是企业IT架构的逻辑基础,这是一种传统的、层级的战略管理思维。
企业战略由高管层制定;IT部门只是战略的执行者。
[箭头一]技术潜力(Technology Potential)这一战略策应模式亦认为运营战略是企业动力,然而它的执行不可缺少IT战略的支持,IT 战略既是企业运营的需要,也是企业运营相关IT架构和流程的需要。
注会英语【战略】CPA English for Corporate Strategy and Risk Management
Corporate Strategy and Risk Management 1.战略分析——外部环境、内部资源、能力与核心竞争力2.战略选择3.战略实施4.战略控制5.风险管理实务一. Strategic Analysis1. The PESTEL model(core topic)2. The life cycle modelPenetration pricingSet a relatively low initial entry price3. Porter’s five forces model (core topic)Porter looked at the structure of industries. In particular, he was interested in assessing industry attractiveness, by which he meant how easy it would be to make above average profits(超额利润)(for shareholders and to fund adequate investment). He concluded that industry attractiveness (行业吸引力)depends on five factors or forces.4. Strategic group (战略群组):(1)Have similar characteristics, e.g. size (2)Pursue similar competitive strategies over time, e.g. heavy advertising(3)Have similar assets and skills, e.g. quality image 5. Porter’s diamondPorter tried to answer the following questions:Why does a nation become the home base (总部, 根据地) for successfulinternational competitors in an industry? Germany is renowned for car manufacture; Japan is prominent in consumer electronics (消费性电子产品).Why are firms based in a particular nation able to create and sustain competitiveadvantage against the world’s best competitors in a particular field?Why is one country often the h ome of so many of an industry’s world leaders?Porter called the answers to these questions the determinants (决定因素) of nationalcompetitive advantage. He suggested that there are four main factors which determine national competitive advantage and expressed them in the form of a diamond.迈克尔·波特识别出国家竞争优势的四个决定因素,构建了钻石模型。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-4
Exhibit 3.1 Strategic Capabilities and Competitive Advantage
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-20
Chapter Summary (1)
Strategic capability deals with adequacy and suitability of resources and competences required for success Goal is to establish core competences that lead to competitive advantage
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-6
Exhibit 3.3 Sources of Cost Efficiency
Economies of scale Cost efficiency Supply costs Experience
3-22
3-8
Capabilities for achieving and sustaining competitive advantage
Value
Rarity
Inimitable
Substitution Dynamic
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-9
Exhibit 3.5 Criteria for Inimitability
Complexity Culture and history
Robustness of strategic capability
Causal ambiguity
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008 3-2
Learning Outcomes (2)
Diagnose strategic capability by means of value chain analysis, activity mapping, benchmarking, and SWOT analysis Consider how managers can develop strategic capabilities of organisations
3-17
SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-18
Limitations in Managing Strategic Capabilities
Recognise the role of continual improvement in cost efficiency as a strategic capability
Analyse how strategic capabilities might provide sustainable competitive advantage on the basis of their value, rarity, inimitability, and nonsubstitutability
3-5
What are Core Competences?
Core competences are the skills and abilities by which resources are deployed through an organisation’s activities and processes such as to achieve competitive advantage in ways that others cannot imitate or obtain
Product design
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-7
Exhibit 3.4 The Experience Curve
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-16
Approaches to Benchmarking
Historical benchmarking Industry/sector benchmarking Best-in-class benchmarking
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-13
Exhibit 3.6 The Value Chain
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Байду номын сангаас3-14
Exhibit 3.7 The Value Network
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-15
Exhibit 3.8 An Activity System Map
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Methods of diagnosing organisational capabilities include
Value chain and value networks Activity mapping Benchmarking SWOT analysis
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Competences valued but not understood
Competences are not valued
Competences are recognised, valued, and understood
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-12
Diagnosing Strategic Capability
Value chain/ Value network
Activity maps
Benchmarking
SWOT analysis
Cost efficiency is vital In dynamic conditions, dynamic capabilities are important
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-21
Chapter Summary (2)
3-19
Developing Strategic Capabilities
Add and change Extend Exploit
Cease
Stretch
Develop externally
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-10
What are Dynamic Capabilities?
Dynamic capabilities are an organisation’s abilities to renew and recreate its strategic capabilities to meet the needs of a changing environment
The Strategic Position 3: Strategic Capability
Learning Outcomes (1)
Distinguish elements of strategic capability in organisations: resources, competences, core competences, and dynamic capabilities
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-11
What is Organisational Knowledge?
Organisational knowledge is the collective experience accumulated through systems, routines, and activities of sharing across the organisation
Exploring Corporate Strategy 8e, © Pearson Education 2008
3-3