Collaborative Augmented Reality Exploring Dynamical Systems
科技短文英语作文
科技短文英语作文1. Robots, those metallic creatures with endless capabilities, are infiltrating every aspect of our lives. From cooking our meals to assisting in surgeries, they're reshaping the way we live and work. But are we ready to surrender tasks to these mechanical beings, trusting them with our most intimate chores?2. Virtual reality, the gateway to alternate dimensions, offers us escape from the mundanity of reality. With aflick of a switch, we're transported to realms beyond our imagination. But in this digital utopia, do we risk losing touch with the tangible world around us?3. The internet, our modern-day oracle, holds answersto all our questions. From solving complex equations to deciphering the secrets of the universe, it's a repositoryof human knowledge. Yet, amidst the vast sea of information, how do we discern fact from fiction?4. Artificial intelligence, the brainchild of our ingenuity, promises to revolutionize industries and economies. With its ability to analyze data at lightning speed, it's hailed as the harbinger of progress. But as it outpaces human capabilities, do we risk losing control over our own creations?5. Biotechnology, the frontier of medical marvels, unlocks the mysteries of life itself. From gene editing to cloning, it holds the potential to eradicate diseases and extend human lifespan. But in playing with the building blocks of existence, do we tread too close to the edge of ethical ambiguity?6. Quantum computing, the quantum leap in computational power, defies the limits of classical physics. With its ability to process vast amounts of data simultaneously,it's poised to revolutionize cryptography and drug discovery. But in harnessing the power of the quantum realm, do we unlock Pandora's box?7. Automation, the march of progress in mechanical form,promises efficiency and convenience. From self-driving cars to automated factories, it streamlines tasks once reserved for human hands. But as machines replace manpower, do we risk losing the human touch that defines our humanity?8. Space exploration, the quest for the final frontier, ignites our imagination with visions of distant galaxies. With each new discovery, we inch closer to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. But in our pursuit of the stars, do we overlook the problems that plague our own planet?9. Renewable energy, the beacon of sustainability, offers hope in the face of environmental crisis. From solar to wind power, it presents clean alternatives to fossil fuels. But as we strive for a greener future, do we confront the harsh realities of economic and political inertia?10. Augmented reality, the merging of virtual and physical realms, blurs the boundaries of perception. With its immersive experiences, it enhances our interactionswith the world around us. But in this digital overlay, do we risk losing sight of what's truly real?。
A Survey of Augmented Reality
In Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6, 4 (August 1997), 355-385.A Survey of Augmented RealityRonald T. AzumaHughes Research Laboratories3011 Malibu Canyon Road, MS RL96Malibu, CA 90265azuma@/~azumaW: (310) 317-5151Fax: (310) 317-5695AbstractThis paper surveys the field of Augmented Reality, in which 3-D virtual objects are integrated into a 3-D real environment in real time. It describes the medical, manufacturing, visualization, path planning, entertainment and military applications that have been explored. This paper describes the characteristics of Augmented Reality systems, including a detailed discussion of the tradeoffs between optical and video blending approaches. Registration and sensing errors are two of the biggest problems in building effective Augmented Reality systems, so this paper summarizes current efforts to overcome these problems. Future directions and areas requiring further research are discussed. This survey provides a starting point for anyone interested in researching or using Augmented Reality.1.Introduction1.1GoalsThis paper surveys the current state-of-the-art in Augmented Reality. It describes work performed at many different sites and explains the issues and problems encountered when building Augmented Reality systems. It summarizes the tradeoffs and approaches taken so far to overcome these problems and speculates on future directions that deserve exploration.A survey paper does not present new research results. The contribution comes from consolidating existing information from many sources and publishing an extensive bibliography of papers in this field. While several other introductory papers have been written on this subject [Barfield95] [Bowskill95] [Caudell94] [Drascic93b] [Feiner94a] [Feiner94b] [Milgram94b] [Rolland94], this survey is more comprehensive and up-to-date. This survey provides a good beginning point for anyone interested in starting research in this area.Section 1 describes what Augmented Reality is and the motivations for developing this technology. Six classes of potential applications that have been explored are described in Section 2. Then Section 3 discusses the issues involved inbuilding an Augmented Reality system. Currently, two of the biggest problems are in registration and sensing: the subjects of Sections 4 and 5. Finally, Section 6 describes some areas that require further work and research.1.2DefinitionAugmented Reality (AR) is a variation of Virtual Environments (VE), or Virtual Reality as it is more commonly called. VE technologies completely immerse a user inside a synthetic environment. While immersed, the user cannot see the real world around him. In contrast, AR allows the user to see the real world, with virtual objects superimposed upon or composited with the real world. Therefore, AR supplements reality, rather than completely replacing it. Ideally, it would appear to the user that the virtual and real objects coexisted in the same space, similar to the effects achieved in the film "Who Framed Roger Rabbit?" Figure 1 shows an example of what this might look like. It shows a real desk with a real phone. Inside this room are also a virtual lamp and two virtual chairs. Note that the objects are combined in 3-D, so that the virtual lamp covers the real table, and the real table covers parts of the two virtual chairs. AR can be thought of as the "middle ground" between VE (completely synthetic) and telepresence (completely real) [Milgram94a] [Milgram94b].Figure 1: Real desk with virtual lamp and two virtual chairs. (Courtesy ECRC)Some researchers define AR in a way that requires the use of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs). To avoid limiting AR to specific technologies, this survey defines AR as systems that have the following three characteristics:1) Combines real and virtual2) Interactive in real time3) Registered in 3-DThis definition allows other technologies besides HMDs while retaining the essential components of AR. For example, it does not include film or 2-D overlays. Films like "Jurassic Park" feature photorealistic virtual objects seamlessly blended with a real environment in 3-D, but they are not interactive media. 2-D virtual overlays on top of live video can be done at interactive rates, but the overlays are not combined with the real world in 3-D. However, this definition does allow monitor-based interfaces, monocular systems, see-through HMDs, and various other combining technologies. Potential system configurations are discussed further in Section 3.1.3MotivationWhy is Augmented Reality an interesting topic? Why is combining real and virtual objects in 3-D useful? Augmented Reality enhances a user's perception of and interaction with the real world. The virtual objects display information that the user cannot directly detect with his own senses. The information conveyed by the virtual objects helps a user perform real-world tasks. AR is a specific example of what Fred Brooks calls Intelligence Amplification (IA): using the computer as a tool to make a task easier for a human to perform [Brooks96].At least six classes of potential AR applications have been explored: medical visualization, maintenance and repair, annotation, robot path planning, entertainment, and military aircraft navigation and targeting. The next section describes work that has been done in each area. While these do not cover every potential application area of this technology, they do cover the areas explored so far.2.Applications2.1MedicalDoctors could use Augmented Reality as a visualization and training aid for surgery. It may be possible to collect 3-D datasets of a patient in real time, using non-invasive sensors like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography scans (CT), or ultrasound imaging. These datasets could then be rendered and combined in real time with a view of the real patient. In effect, this would give a doctor "X-ray vision" inside a patient. This would be very useful during minimally-invasive surgery, which reduces the trauma of an operation by using small incisions or no incisions at all. A problem with minimally-invasive techniques is that they reduce the doctor's ability to see inside the patient, making surgery more difficult. AR technology could provide an internal view without the need for larger incisions.AR might also be helpful for general medical visualization tasks in the surgical room. Surgeons can detect some features with the naked eye that they cannot see in MRI or CT scans, and vice-versa. AR would give surgeons access to both types of data simultaneously. This might also guide precision tasks, such as displaying where to drill a hole into the skull for brain surgery or where to perform a needle biopsy of a tiny tumor. The information from the non-invasive sensors would be directly displayed on the patient, showing exactly where to perform the operation.AR might also be useful for training purposes [Kancherla95]. Virtual instructions could remind a novice surgeon of the required steps, without the need to look away from a patient to consult a manual. Virtual objects could also identify organs and specify locations to avoid disturbing [Durlach95].Several projects are exploring this application area. At UNC Chapel Hill, a research group has conducted trial runs of scanning the womb of a pregnant woman with an ultrasound sensor, generating a 3-D representation of the fetus inside the womb and displaying that in a see-through HMD (Figure 2). The goal is to endow the doctor with the ability to see the moving, kicking fetus lying inside the womb, with the hope that this one day may become a "3-D stethoscope" [Bajura92][State94]. More recent efforts have focused on a needle biopsy of a breast tumor. Figure 3 shows a mockup of a breast biopsy operation, where the virtual objects identify the location of the tumor and guide the needle to its target [State96b]. Other groups at the MIT AI Lab [Grimson94] [Grimson95] [Mellor95a] [Mellor95b], General Electric [Lorensen93], and elsewhere [Betting95] [Edwards95] [Taubes94] are investigating displaying MRI or CT data, directly registered onto the patient. Figure 2: Virtual fetus inside womb of pregnant patient. (Courtesy UNC ChapelHill Dept. of Computer Science.)Figure 3: Mockup of breast tumor biopsy. 3-D graphics guide needle insertion.(Courtesy UNC Chapel Hill Dept. of Computer Science.)2.2Manufacturing and repairAnother category of Augmented Reality applications is the assembly, maintenance, and repair of complex machinery. Instructions might be easier to understand if they were available, not as manuals with text and pictures, but rather as 3-D drawings superimposed upon the actual equipment, showing step-by-step the tasks that need to be done and how to do them. These superimposed 3-D drawings can be animated, making the directions even more explicit.Several research projects have demonstrated prototypes in this area. Steve Feiner's group at Columbia built a laser printer maintenance application [Feiner93a], shown in Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 shows an external view, and Figure 5 shows the user's view, where the computer-generated wireframe is telling the user to remove the paper tray. A group at Boeing is developing AR technology to guide a technician in building a wiring harness that forms part of an airplane's electrical system. Storing these instructions in electronic form will save space and reduce costs. Currently, technicians use large physical layout boards to construct such harnesses, and Boeing requires several warehouses to store all these boards. Such space might be emptied for other use if this application proves successful [Caudell92] [Janin93] [Sims94]. Boeing is using a Technology Reinvestment Program (TRP) grant to investigate putting this technology onto the factory floor [BoeingTRP94]. Figure 6 shows an external view of Adam Janin using a prototype AR system to build a wire bundle. Eventually, AR might be used for any complicated machinery, such as automobile engines [Tuceryan95].Figure 4: External view of Columbia printer maintenance application. Note that all objects must be tracked. (Courtesy Steve Feiner, Blair MacIntyre, and DoréeSeligmann, Columbia University.)Figure 5: Prototype laser printer maintenance application, displaying how to remove the paper tray. (Courtesy Steve Feiner, Blair MacIntyre, and DoréeSeligmann, Columbia University.)Figure 6: Adam Janin demonstrates Boeing's prototype wire bundle assembly application. (Courtesy David Mizell, Boeing)2.3Annotation and visualizationAR could be used to annotate objects and environments with public or private information. Applications using public information assume the availability of public databases to draw upon. For example, a hand-held display could provide information about the contents of library shelves as the user walks around the library [Fitzmaurice93] [Rekimoto95a] [Rekimoto95b]. At the European Computer-Industry Research Centre (ECRC), a user can point at parts of an engine model and the AR system displays the name of the part that is being pointed at [Rose95]. Figure 7 shows this, where the user points at the exhaust manifold on an engine model and the label "exhaust manifold" appears.Figure 7: Engine model part labels appear as user points at them. (CourtesyECRC)Alternately, these annotations might be private notes attached to specific objects. Researchers at Columbia demonstrated this with the notion of attaching windows from a standard user interface onto specific locations in the world, or attached to specific objects as reminders [Feiner93b]. Figure 8 shows a window superimposed as a label upon a student. He wears a tracking device, so the computer knows his location. As the student moves around, the label follows his location, providing the AR user with a reminder of what he needs to talk to the student about.Figure 8: Windows displayed on top of specific real-world objects. (Courtesy Steve Feiner, Blair MacIntyre, Marcus Haupt, and Eliot Solomon, ColumbiaUniversity.)AR might aid general visualization tasks as well. An architect with a see-through HMD might be able to look out a window and see how a proposed new skyscraper would change her view. If a database containing information about a building's structure was available, AR might give architects "X-ray vision" inside a building, showing where the pipes, electric lines, and structural supports are inside the walls [Feiner95]. Researchers at the University of Toronto have built a system called Augmented Reality through Graphic Overlays on Stereovideo (ARGOS) [Milgram95], which among other things is used to make images easier to understand during difficult viewing conditions [Drascic93a]. Figure 9 shows wireframe lines drawn on top of a space shuttle bay interior, while in orbit. The lines make it easier to see the geometry of the shuttle bay. Similarly, virtual lines and objects could aid navigation and scene understanding during poor visibility conditions, such as underwater or in fog.Figure 9: Virtual lines help display geometry of shuttle bay, as seen in orbit.(Courtesy David Drascic and Paul Milgram, U. Toronto.)2.4Robot path planningTeleoperation of a robot is often a difficult problem, especially when the robot is far away, with long delays in the communication link. Under this circumstance,instead of controlling the robot directly, it may be preferable to instead control a virtual version of the robot. The user plans and specifies the robot's actions by manipulating the local virtual version, in real time. The results are directly displayed on the real world. Once the plan is tested and determined, then user tells the real robot to execute the specified plan. This avoids pilot-induced oscillations caused by the lengthy delays. The virtual versions can also predict the effects of manipulating the environment, thus serving as a planning and previewing tool to aid the user in performing the desired task. The ARGOS system has demonstrated that stereoscopic AR is an easier and more accurate way of doing robot path planning than traditional monoscopic interfaces [Drascic93b] [Milgram93]. Others have also used registered overlays with telepresence systems [Kim93] [Kim96] [Oyama93] [Tharp94] [Yoo93]. Figure 10 shows how a virtual outline can represent a future location of a robot arm. Figure 10: Virtual lines show a planned motion of a robot arm (Courtesy DavidDrascic and Paul Milgram, U. Toronto.)2.5EntertainmentAt SIGGRAPH '95, several exhibitors showed "Virtual Sets" that merge real actors with virtual backgrounds, in real time and in 3-D. The actors stand in front of a large blue screen, while a computer-controlled motion camera records the scene. Since the camera's location is tracked, and the actor's motions are scripted, it is possible to digitally composite the actor into a 3-D virtual background. For example, the actor might appear to stand inside a large virtual spinning ring, where the front part of the ring covers the actor while the rear part of the ring is covered by the actor. The entertainment industry sees this as a way to reduce production costs: creating and storing sets virtually is potentially cheaper than constantly building new physical sets from scratch. The ALIVE project from the MIT Media Lab goes one step further bypopulating the environment with intelligent virtual creatures that respond to user actions [Maes95].2.6Military aircraftFor many years, military aircraft and helicopters have used Head-Up Displays (HUDs) and Helmet-Mounted Sights (HMS) to superimpose vector graphics upon the pilot's view of the real world. Besides providing basic navigation and flight information, these graphics are sometimes registered with targets in the environment, providing a way to aim the aircraft's weapons. For example, the chin turret in a helicopter gunship can be slaved to the pilot's HMS, so the pilot can aim the chin turret simply by looking at the target. Future generations of combat aircraft will be developed with an HMD built into the pilot's helmet [Wanstall89].3.CharacteristicsThis section discusses the characteristics of AR systems and design issues encountered when building an AR system. Section 3.1 describes the basic characteristics of augmentation. There are two ways to accomplish this augmentation: optical or video technologies. Section 3.2 discusses their characteristics and relative strengths and weaknesses. Blending the real and virtual poses problems with focus and contrast (Section 3.3), and some applications require portable AR systems to be truly effective (Section 3.4). Finally, Section 3.5 summarizes the characteristics by comparing the requirements of AR against those for Virtual Environments.3.1AugmentationBesides adding objects to a real environment, Augmented Reality also has the potential to remove them. Current work has focused on adding virtual objects to a real environment. However, graphic overlays might also be used to remove or hide parts of the real environment from a user. For example, to remove a desk in the real environment, draw a representation of the real walls and floors behind the desk and "paint" that over the real desk, effectively removing it from the user's sight. This has been done in feature films. Doing this interactively in an AR system will be much harder, but this removal may not need to be photorealistic to be effective.Augmented Reality might apply to all senses, not just sight. So far, researchers have focused on blending real and virtual images and graphics. However, AR could be extended to include sound. The user would wear headphones equipped with microphones on the outside. The headphones would add synthetic, directional 3–D sound, while the external microphones would detect incoming sounds from the environment. This would give the system a chance to mask or cover up selected real sounds from the environment by generating a masking signal that exactly canceledthe incoming real sound [Durlach95]. While this would not be easy to do, it might be possible. Another example is haptics. Gloves with devices that provide tactile feedback might augment real forces in the environment. For example, a user might run his hand over the surface of a real desk. Simulating such a hard surface virtually is fairly difficult, but it is easy to do in reality. Then the tactile effectors in the glove can augment the feel of the desk, perhaps making it feel rough in certain spots. This capability might be useful in some applications, such as providing an additional cue that a virtual object is at a particular location on a real desk [Wellner93].3.2Optical vs. videoA basic design decision in building an AR system is how to accomplish the combining of real and virtual. Two basic choices are available: optical and video technologies. Each has particular advantages and disadvantages. This section compares the two and notes the tradeoffs. For additional discussion, see [Rolland94].A see-through HMD is one device used to combine real and virtual. Standard closed-view HMDs do not allow any direct view of the real world. In contrast, a see-through HMD lets the user see the real world, with virtual objects superimposed by optical or video technologies.Optical see-through HMDs work by placing optical combiners in front of the user's eyes. These combiners are partially transmissive, so that the user can look directly through them to see the real world. The combiners are also partially reflective, so that the user sees virtual images bounced off the combiners from head-mounted monitors. This approach is similar in nature to Head-Up Displays (HUDs) commonly used in military aircraft, except that the combiners are attached to the head. Thus, optical see-through HMDs have sometimes been described as a "HUD on a head" [Wanstall89]. Figure 11 shows a conceptual diagram of an optical see-through HMD. Figure 12 shows two optical see-through HMDs made by Hughes Electronics.The optical combiners usually reduce the amount of light that the user sees from the real world. Since the combiners act like half-silvered mirrors, they only let in some of the light from the real world, so that they can reflect some of the light from the monitors into the user's eyes. For example, the HMD described in [Holmgren92] transmits about 30% of the incoming light from the real world. Choosing the level of blending is a design problem. More sophisticated combiners might vary the level of contributions based upon the wavelength of light. For example, such a combiner might be set to reflect all light of a certain wavelength and none at any other wavelengths. This would be ideal with a monochrome monitor. Virtually all the light from the monitor would be reflected into the user's eyes, while almost all the light from the real world (except at the particular wavelength) would reach the user's eyes. However, most existing optical see-through HMDs do reduce the amount of light from the real world, so they act like a pair of sunglasses when the power is cut off.RealworldFigure 12:Two optical see-through HMDs, made by Hughes ElectronicsIn contrast, video see-through HMDs work by combining a closed-view HMD with one or two head-mounted video cameras. The video cameras provide the user's view of the real world. Video from these cameras is combined with the graphic images created by the scene generator, blending the real and virtual. The result is sent to the monitors in front of the user's eyes in the closed-view HMD. Figure 13shows a conceptual diagram of a video see-through HMD. Figure 14 shows an actualvideo see-through HMD, with two video cameras mounted on top of a Flight Helmet.ofReal WorldFigure 13:Video see-through HMD conceptual diagramFigure 14:An actual video see-through HMD. (Courtesy Jannick Rolland, Frank Biocca, and UNC Chapel Hill Dept. of Computer Science. Photo by AlexTreml.)Video composition can be done in more than one way. A simple way is to use chroma-keying: a technique used in many video special effects. The background of the computer graphic images is set to a specific color, say green, which none of the virtual objects use. Then the combining step replaces all green areas with the corresponding parts from the video of the real world. This has the effect of superimposing the virtual objects over the real world. A more sophisticated composition would use depth information. If the system had depth information at each pixel for the real world images, it could combine the real and virtual images by a pixel-by-pixel depth comparison. This would allow real objects to cover virtual objects and vice-versa.AR systems can also be built using monitor-based configurations, instead of see-through HMDs. Figure 15 shows how a monitor-based system might be built. In this case, one or two video cameras view the environment. The cameras may be static or mobile. In the mobile case, the cameras might move around by being attached to a robot, with their locations tracked. The video of the real world and the graphic images generated by a scene generator are combined, just as in the video see-through HMD case, and displayed in a monitor in front of the user. The user does not wear the display device. Optionally, the images may be displayed in stereo on the monitor, which then requires the user to wear a pair of stereo glasses. Figure 16 shows an external view of the ARGOS system, which uses a monitor-based configuration.MonitorStereo glasses (optional)Figure 15:Monitor-based AR conceptual diagramFigure 16:External view of the ARGOS system, an example of monitor-basedAR. (Courtesy David Drascic and Paul Milgram, U. Toronto.)Finally, a monitor-based optical configuration is also possible. This is similar to Figure 11 except that the user does not wear the monitors or combiners on her head. Instead, the monitors and combiners are fixed in space, and the user positions her head to look through the combiners. This is typical of Head-Up Displays on military aircraft, and at least one such configuration has been proposed for a medical application [Peuchot95].The rest of this section compares the relative advantages and disadvantages of optical and video approaches, starting with optical. An optical approach has the following advantages over a video approach:1) Simplicity: Optical blending is simpler and cheaper than video blending.Optical approaches have only one "stream" of video to worry about: the graphicimages. The real world is seen directly through the combiners, and that time delay is generally a few nanoseconds. Video blending, on the other hand, must deal with separate video streams for the real and virtual images. Both streams have inherentdelays in the tens of milliseconds. Digitizing video images usually adds at least one frame time of delay to the video stream, where a frame time is how long it takes to completely update an image. A monitor that completely refreshes the screen at 60 Hz has a frame time of 16.67 ms. The two streams of real and virtual images must be properly synchronized or temporal distortion results. Also, optical see-through HMDs with narrow field-of-view combiners offer views of the real world that have little distortion. Video cameras almost always have some amount of distortion that must be compensated for, along with any distortion from the optics in front of the display devices. Since video requires cameras and combiners that optical approaches do not need, video will probably be more expensive and complicated to build than optical-based systems.2) Resolution: Video blending limits the resolution of what the user sees, both real and virtual, to the resolution of the display devices. With current displays, this resolution is far less than the resolving power of the fovea. Optical see-through also shows the graphic images at the resolution of the display device, but the user's view of the real world is not degraded. Thus, video reduces the resolution of the real world, while optical see-through does not.3) Safety: Video see-through HMDs are essentially modified closed-view HMDs. If the power is cut off, the user is effectively blind. This is a safety concern in some applications. In contrast, when power is removed from an optical see-through HMD, the user still has a direct view of the real world. The HMD then becomes a pair of heavy sunglasses, but the user can still see.4) No eye offset: With video see-through, the user's view of the real world is provided by the video cameras. In essence, this puts his "eyes" where the video cameras are. In most configurations, the cameras are not located exactly where the user's eyes are, creating an offset between the cameras and the real eyes. The distance separating the cameras may also not be exactly the same as the user's interpupillary distance (IPD). This difference between camera locations and eye locations introduces displacements from what the user sees compared to what he expects to see. For example, if the cameras are above the user's eyes, he will see the world from a vantage point slightly taller than he is used to. Video see-through can avoid the eye offset problem through the use of mirrors to create another set of optical paths that mimic the paths directly into the user's eyes. Using those paths, the cameras will see what the user's eyes would normally see without the HMD. However, this adds complexity to the HMD design. Offset is generally not a difficult design problem for optical see-through displays. While the user's eye can rotate with respect to the position of the HMD, the resulting errors are tiny. Using the eye's center of rotation as the viewpoint in the computer graphics model should eliminate any need for eye tracking in an optical see-through HMD [Holloway95].Video blending offers the following advantages over optical blending:1) Flexibility in composition strategies: A basic problem with optical see-through is that the virtual objects do not completely obscure the real world objects, because the optical combiners allow light from both virtual and real sources. Building an optical see-through HMD that can selectively shut out the light from the real world is difficult. In a normal optical system, the objects are designed to be in。
科幻作品创意说明作文英语
科幻作品创意说明作文英语Title: The Galactic Nexus: A Sci-Fi Concept Exploration。
In the vast expanse of the cosmos lies a phenomenon beyond comprehension—the Galactic Nexus. Imagine a network of interstellar portals, bridging distant corners of the universe in a complex web of connections. This concept delves into the intricacies of the Galactic Nexus,exploring its origins, implications, and the endless possibilities it presents.At the heart of this concept is the idea of a cosmic infrastructure, constructed by an ancient and advanced civilization eons ago. These enigmatic beings, known onlyas the Architects, possessed technology far beyond our understanding. Through the manipulation of spacetime itself, they constructed the Galactic Nexus as a means oftraversing the cosmos effortlessly.The Galactic Nexus comprises countless portalsscattered throughout the galaxy, each one acting as a gateway to distant realms. These portals are not mere doorways but intricate constructs that harness the fabric of reality to create stable wormholes. They exist in various forms, from colossal structures orbiting black holes to minuscule anomalies hidden within asteroid fields.The discovery of the Galactic Nexus heralds a new era of exploration and colonization. With these portals at humanity's disposal, the once insurmountable distances between star systems become trivial. Interstellar travel, once a daunting endeavor, now becomes as simple as stepping through a doorway.However, the Galactic Nexus is not without its dangers and mysteries. Some portals lead to uncharted regions of space, where cosmic anomalies and hostile entities lurk. Others may connect to parallel universes or alternate realities, each with its own set of laws and inhabitants. The exploration of these unknown realms is bothexhilarating and perilous, as explorers encounter phenomena beyond their wildest imaginations.Moreover, the Galactic Nexus raises profound questions about the nature of existence and the fabric of reality itself. What lies beyond the boundaries of our universe? Are there other intelligent civilizations harnessing the power of the Nexus for their own purposes? And perhaps most intriguingly, who were the Architects, and what fate befell them?The Galactic Nexus concept invites exploration not only of distant galaxies but of philosophical and existential realms as well. It challenges our understanding of the universe and invites us to ponder our place within it. Through the lens of science fiction, we can embark on a journey of discovery and contemplation, venturing into the unknown depths of space and consciousness.In conclusion, the Galactic Nexus stands as a testament to the boundless creativity of the human imagination. It is a concept that ignites the flames of curiosity and wonder, inspiring us to reach for the stars and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos. As we continue to explore thedepths of space, let us remember that the universe is vast and full of wonders, waiting to be discovered.。
以美学为舟 寻本真之境英文
以美学为舟寻本真之境英文Aesthetic Journey towards the Realm of Authenticity.In the vast ocean of human existence, aesthetics serves as a vessel, guiding us towards the elusive shore of authenticity. It is a quest that transcends the boundaries of perception, challenging our understanding of beauty and its deeper implications. As we embark on this aesthetic odyssey, we are not merely navigating through visible landscapes; we are traversing the inner terrain of our being, seeking a connection with the essential truth.The journey begins with a recognition that beauty is not merely a superficial phenomenon, but a profound expression of the universe's harmony. It is the invisible thread that connects all aspects of creation, from the微观cosm of an atom to the宏观cosm of galaxies. Aesthetics, therefore, is not just about art or appearance; it is about an inner quest for meaning and purpose.As we delve deeper into this quest, we encountervarious manifestations of beauty. We find it in the serene landscape of nature, the elegance of mathematical formulas, and the emotional depth of literary works. Each of these manifestations offers a window into the divine mystery that underlies the fabric of existence.However, the search for authenticity does not end with mere appreciation of beauty. It requires a deeper engagement, an active participation in the creative process. This is where the role of the artist becomes crucial. The artist, through their craft, distills the essence of beauty and presents it to the world, inviting us to participate in the act of creation.The artistic process itself is an embodiment of authenticity. It involves a raw, unfiltered expression ofthe artist's inner world, stripped of all pretense and artificiality. When we engage with art, we are not just observers; we become co-creators, participating in thebirth of a new idea or emotion. This participatory aspectof aesthetics makes the journey towards authenticity notjust an individual pursuit but a collective endeavor.Moreover, authenticity is not static; it evolves with each individual's unique experience and perspective. What may be beautiful and authentic to one person may not resonate with another. This variety and subjectivity are essential aspects of the aesthetic quest. They remind us that authenticity is not a fixed destination but a continuous journey of exploration and discovery.In conclusion, the aesthetic quest for authenticity is a profound and transformative experience. It involves a deep engagement with the world, an active participation in the creative process, and a constant quest for meaning and purpose. Through this journey, we not only appreciate the beauty that surrounds us but also discover the beauty that lies within us. We become more alive, more aware, and more connected to the essence of existence. In essence, aesthetics becomes a powerful tool for self-discovery and personal growth, guiding us towards a deeper understanding of ourselves and the universe we inhabit.。
航天英雄聂海胜英文作文
航天英雄聂海胜英文作文Paragraph 1:Wow, have you heard about the amazing astronaut Nie Haisheng? He's a true hero in the field of space exploration. It's incredible to think about the courage and determination it takes to venture into outer space.Paragraph 2:Imagine being surrounded by darkness, weightlessness, and the vastness of the universe. That's the reality for astronauts like Nie Haisheng. They must be incredibly brave to face the unknown and push the boundaries of human exploration.Paragraph 3:Not only do astronauts like Nie Haisheng have to overcome physical challenges, but they also have to dealwith mental and emotional ones. Being isolated from friends and family for extended periods of time can be incredibly tough. It takes a special kind of person to handle the loneliness and homesickness that comes with space travel.Paragraph 4:But despite the challenges, astronauts like Nie Haisheng are driven by a deep sense of curiosity and the desire to push the limits of human knowledge. They are true pioneers, constantly seeking new frontiers and expanding our understanding of the universe.Paragraph 5:In addition to their scientific contributions, astronauts like Nie Haisheng also serve as role models for future generations. Their bravery and determination inspire young people to dream big and pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).Paragraph 6:It's important to recognize the sacrifices that astronauts like Nie Haisheng make in order to further our understanding of the universe. Their dedication and commitment to exploration deserve our utmost respect and admiration.Paragraph 7:In conclusion, Nie Haisheng is a true hero in the field of space exploration. His bravery, determination, and scientific contributions have paved the way for future generations of astronauts. We owe a debt of gratitude to him and all the other astronauts who have risked theirlives to expand our knowledge of the universe.。
增强现实(augmented reality, AR)
增强现实(augmented reality, AR)Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that enhances a user’s real-world environment with computer-generated content. It allows users to interact with and manipulate their surroundings through the use of digital devices, such as smartphones and tablets. AR has many potential applications, including gaming, entertainment, education, healthcare, and more. It can also be used to provide contextual information to a user in a more immersive way than traditional forms of media. AR has become increasingly popular in recent years due to advancements in device capabilities and the emergence of new platforms, such as Google’s ARCore and Apple’s ARKit. AR promises to revolutionize the way users engage with their environment and the possibilities for its use are only limited by the imaginations of developers.about the applications available for augmented reality. Augmented reality has numerous potential applications in our everyday lives. In the entertainment industry, for example, AR can be used to create immersive gaming experiences by overlaying digital elements onto real-world scenes. AR can also be used in education settings to provide interactive lessons, and in healthcare to display information in a 3D environment. In retail, AR can be used to help customers virtually try on clothing or shoes before they buy them. AR can also be used in manufacturing to help guide assembly workers through complex instructions and improve efficiency. Additionally, AR can be used in marketing and advertising to create memorable campaigns that engage users in unique ways. Finally, AR can be used to provide virtual tours of locations such as museums and historical sites.about the advantages and disadvantages of augmented reality. Augmented reality has both advantages and disadvantages. One advantage is that AR allows users to interact with their physical environment in new ways, creating opportunities for engaging, interactive experiences. It also allows people to experience immersive learning and entertainment. Additionally, AR can be used to display useful information in a more intuitive way, and it can be used to enhance marketing campaigns and manufacturing processes. On the other hand, there are some potential drawbacks to augmented reality. One such issue is privacy, as users’ data may be collected and used without their knowledge. Additionally, there can be performance issues when using AR, as robust computing power is often required for optimal experiences. There can also be compatibility issues between different AR platforms and devices. Finally, there is the issue of cost, as developing an AR application or tool can be expensive.about the applications available for augmented reality in healthcare. Augmented reality has numerous potential applications in healthcare. For example, it can be used to provide 3D visualizations of medical images such as CT scans or X-rays, allowing doctors to better diagnose and treat patients. It can also be used in surgical settings to provide precision guidance, helping surgeons to more accurately perform complex procedures. AR can also be used to provide virtual tours of medical facilities and to help train medical students. Additionally, AR can be used to create interactive patient education materials andto provide instructional overlays on medical equipment. Finally, AR can be used to help caregivers and nurses quickly access important information about patients.。
音乐介绍的英语作文
Music is an art form that has the power to evoke emotions,tell stories,and bring people together.It is a universal language that transcends cultural and linguistic barriers, connecting individuals from all walks of life.The History of MusicMusic has been an integral part of human culture since ancient times.From the early use of instruments like the flute and lyre to the complex compositions of the classical era, music has evolved significantly.The Middle Ages saw the development of polyphonic music,while the Renaissance brought about the rise of secular music.The Baroque period introduced the concept of opera,and the Classical period refined the symphony and sonata form.Types of MusicThere are various genres of music,each with its unique characteristics and appeal. Classical music is known for its structured compositions and emotional depth.Jazz,with its improvisational nature,has been a significant influence on many other genres.Rock music,characterized by its strong beats and electric instruments,emerged in the mid20th century and has since diversified into subgenres such as punk,metal,and alternative rock. Pop music,with its catchy melodies and wide appeal,is designed for mass consumption. Other genres include blues,country,folk,electronic,and world music,each reflecting different cultural influences and styles.The Role of Music in SocietyMusic plays a vital role in society,serving multiple functions.It is a form of entertainment,providing enjoyment and relaxation.Music also has a social function, bringing people together for concerts,festivals,and dances.It is used in religious and ceremonial contexts,enhancing the spiritual experience.Moreover,music has therapeutic benefits,helping to reduce stress and improve mental health.The Music IndustryThe music industry is a vast and complex sector that includes the production,distribution, and sale of music.It encompasses record labels,music publishers,recording studios,and various platforms for music distribution,such as streaming services and digital downloads.The industry has undergone significant changes with the advent of digital technology,leading to new opportunities and challenges for artists and businesses alike. The Future of MusicAs technology continues to advance,the future of music is likely to be shaped by innovations in sound production,distribution,and consumption.Virtual reality and augmented reality could offer new immersive experiences for listeners.Artificialintelligence may play a role in composing and producing music,while blockchain technology could revolutionize the way music is bought and sold.ConclusionMusic is a dynamic and everevolving art form that continues to captivate and inspire.Its ability to communicate emotions and ideas makes it an essential part of the human experience.As we look to the future,the potential for music to evolve and adapt to new technologies and societal changes is both exciting and promising.Whether its through live performances,recorded albums,or digital platforms,music will undoubtedly remain a central aspect of our lives for generations to come.。
《AR英文介绍》课件
A good display technology is critical for promoting an optimal viewing experience in AR
Importance
03
AR instance display
Improved Learning Experience
PowerPoint presentation of AR English Introduction
CATALOGUE
目录
Definition and Introduction of ARKey Technologies and Components of ARAR instance displayFuture prospects of ARAR's learning resources and community
要点三
Consistent practice
Make sure to allocate time for regular practice to improve your English skills
Active participation
Take advantage of the community and forum to ask questions, give feedback, and share your experiences
Websites where learners can find language exchange partners to practice English conversation in real time
Social media groups
沉浸室主题场景专业名词
沉浸室主题场景专业名词
以下是一些沉浸室主题场景的专业名词:
1. 虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR):通过戴上虚拟现实设备,用户可以在一个模拟的环境中进行互动体验。
2. 增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR):将虚拟物体与现实世界进行叠加,使用户可以在真实环境中看到虚拟物体的技术。
4. 模拟器(Simulator):模拟现实世界中特定场景或设备的软件或硬件工具。
例如,飞行模拟器可以模拟驾驶飞机的体验。
5. 头戴式显示器(Head-Mounted Display,HMD):一种佩戴在头部的装置,用于显示虚拟现实内容,例如Oculus Rift、HTC Vive等。
6. 交互体验(Interactive Experience):用户与沉浸式场景进行互动的过程,包括触摸、感知、控制等方面。
7. 空间定位跟踪(Spatial Localization Tracking):通过使用传感器技术对用户和物体在空间中的位置和方向进行准确跟踪。
8. 触觉反馈(Haptic Feedback):通过触觉反馈装置,使用户能够感受到虚拟现实场景中的触觉刺激,例如震动感或触感。
9. 3D建模与渲染(3D Modeling and Rendering):使用计算机技术创建虚拟场景和物体,并将其进行绘制,呈现出逼真的视觉效果。
10. 沉浸式音效(Immersive Sound Effects):利用立体声技术和音频处理,使用户能够感受到来自不同方向的真实和逼真的声音效果。
希望以上信息对您有所帮助!。
高中英语 第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第20课(文本)素材
高中英语第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第20课(文本)素材英语翻议讲解:1.abolitionist n.废除主义者,废奴主义者2.arsenal n.兵工厂,军械库,武器,军火库3.capture vt.抓取,获得,迷住例句:A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals. 巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。
The novel captured the imagination of thousands of readers. 这部小说引起了千万读者的想象。
4.sustainable adj.(对自然资源和能源的利用)不破坏生态平衡的, 合理利用的可持续的例句:Water Resource Protection and Sustainable Utilization 水资源保护与可持续利用。
1.To some people this building is the scene of a crime, where a murderer and a traitor was captured and brought to justice.bring to justice使归案受审例句:The police must do all they can to bring the criminals to justice. 警方必须尽力把罪犯送交法庭审判。
2.She is using her fame as a race car driver to bring environmental issues to the attention of millions of racing fans.bring to the attention of引起某人的注意例句:That way, you can bring a pattern of behavior to management's attention. 这样你就可以提请公司主管注意你老板的不当行为。
未来的笔英语作文
The future of writing tools is an intriguing subject,especially with the rapid advancements in technology.Heres an essay on the potential evolution of the pen in the coming years:Title:The Pen of the FutureIn the realm of writing,the pen has been a symbol of expression and creativity for centuries.As we venture into the future,the traditional pen is set to undergo a remarkable transformation,blending artistry with technology.1.Smart Pens with AI IntegrationThe future pen will likely incorporate artificial intelligence,enabling it to learn and adapt to the users writing style.These smart pens will offer personalized writing suggestions, correct grammatical errors in realtime,and even suggest improvements in sentence structure.They could also provide instant translations for users learning a new language.2.Augmented Reality AR CapabilitiesImagine a pen that can bring your writing to life.Future pens may integrate with augmented reality,allowing users to draw or write in3D space.This could revolutionize the way we learn and interact with educational content,making it more engaging and interactive.3.Environmentally Friendly MaterialsSustainability will play a significant role in the design of future pens.We can expect to see pens made from biodegradable materials or those that can be easily recycled.Ink refills may also be developed to minimize waste,with options for refillable cartridges or ink that can be recharged electronically.4.Health Monitoring FeaturesIn a surprising twist,future pens could double as health monitors.With embedded sensors,these pens could track the users grip strength,writing pressure,and even heart rate,providing valuable insights into the users physical and mental wellbeing.5.Advanced Data StorageDigital pens will continue to evolve,offering increased storage capacity for handwritten notes.These pens will seamlessly sync with various devices,allowing users to access their notes across platforms.The handwriting could be converted into digital text with high accuracy,making it easier to search and organize.6.Customizable Ink PropertiesThe ink itself will see innovation,with pens offering customizable ink properties such as color,opacity,and even ers could choose from a wide range of ink types,from glowinthedark to temperaturesensitive inks that change color based on the environment.7.Haptic FeedbackFor a more interactive writing experience,future pens may incorporate haptic feedback technology.This could provide tactile responses to the users writing,simulating the feel of different surfaces or even providing alerts when the pen is running low on ink.8.Integration with Virtual and Augmented RealityAs virtual and augmented reality become more prevalent,pens will likely be designed to interact with these ers could draw or write directly within virtual spaces, creating digital art or taking notes in a virtual meeting.ConclusionThe pen of the future will not only be a tool for writing but a multifunctional device that enhances our interaction with technology and the world around us.As we continue to innovate,the pen will remain an essential part of human expression,evolving to meet the needs of a digital and environmentally conscious society.。
太空探索给人们带来的好处出行英语作文
太空探索给人们带来的好处出行英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Space Exploration: The Gateway to Endless PossibilitiesHave you ever gazed up at the twinkling stars in the night sky and wondered what mysteries lie beyond our little planet Earth? Space, that vast and captivating expanse, has long captured the imagination of humankind. From the moment we first set foot on the Moon, space exploration has opened up a world of incredible opportunities and invaluable benefits for us all.One of the most significant advantages of exploring space is the advancement of scientific knowledge. By sending probes, satellites, and even humans into the great unknown, we have gained invaluable insights into the workings of our universe. We have learned about the formation of stars, the behavior of black holes, and the intricate dance of galaxies. Every new discovery opens the door to even more questions, fueling our curiosity and driving us to push the boundaries of our understanding.But space exploration isn't just about satisfying our thirst for knowledge; it has also led to numerous practical applications that improve our lives right here on Earth. Many of the technologies we take for granted today, such as satellite navigation systems, advanced weather forecasting, and even certain medical treatments, have their roots in space research and development. Just imagine trying to find your way around without GPS or not knowing when a severe storm is approaching!Furthermore, space exploration has fostered international cooperation and brought nations together in pursuit of a common goal. The International Space Station, for instance, is a remarkable example of how countries can work together to achieve incredible feats of engineering and scientific exploration. By collaborating on such endeavors, we not only further our understanding of the cosmos but also strengthen the bonds of friendship and mutual respect among nations.Perhaps one of the most exciting aspects of space exploration is the potential for future colonization and resource extraction. As our population continues to grow and our planet's resources become increasingly strained, the ability to establish human settlements on other worlds or harvest materials fromasteroids and moons could be the key to ensuring a sustainable future for humanity. Just think, one day you might be able to visit a colony on Mars or even witness the mining of rare minerals from the depths of space!Of course, space exploration is not without its challenges. It requires immense financial investments, cutting-edge technology, and a willingness to take calculated risks. However, the rewards far outweigh the costs. Every time we push the boundaries of what's possible, we not only expand our knowledge but also inspire future generations to dream bigger and reach further.Imagine being part of the team that discovers evidence of life on another planet or witnesses the birth of a new star system. Imagine the sense of wonder and accomplishment that would come with such groundbreaking discoveries. That's the magic of space exploration – it ignites our curiosity, fuels our imagination, and opens up a universe of possibilities.So, the next time you gaze up at the stars, remember that each twinkling light represents a world of untold mysteries waiting to be unraveled. Space exploration is not just a pursuit of knowledge; it's a testament to the boundless potential of human ingenuity and our unwavering desire to push the limits of what'spossible. Who knows what wonders await us among the stars? The only way to find out is to keep exploring, keep dreaming, and never stop reaching for the heavens.篇2The Awesome Adventures of Space ExplorationOuter space is so cool! It's a huge mysterious universe waiting to be uncovered. Ever since I was a little kid, I've been fascinated by planets, stars, and everything else up there in the inky blackness. Space exploration has brought so many amazing things to us here on Earth. Let me tell you about some of the awesome benefits!First off, space exploration has led to incredible discoveries about our universe and how it works. By sending rockets, satellites, and spacecraft out there, scientists have been able to learn what planets are made of, find new stars and galaxies, and even figure out how the whole universe began with the Big Bang billions of years ago. Without space exploration, we would still be totally in the dark about so much of the cosmos.Speaking of being in the dark, space technology has also allowed us to see further into space than ever before with powerful telescopes like Hubble. The images Hubble has takenare out of this world – swirling galaxies, colorful nebulae, and even black holes! It's like getting a window into the most amazing art gallery ever, except it's all real. Space telescopes help us understand the deepest mysteries of the universe in incredible detail.But space isn't just about understanding the cosmos – it has also led to tons of awesome inventions that make life better right here on Earth! You might not realize it, but so much of the technology we use every day was first created for space missions. Stuff like memory foam mattresses, scratch-resistant lenses, water filters, freeze-dried foods, and even computer mice were invented for astronauts in space! How cool is that?Space exploration has also completely revolutionized how we communicate and get information. Satellites orbiting the Earth provide us with TV, radio, GPS, weather forecasting, and global internet access. Astronauts and robots on Mars and other planets are sending back loads of pictures and data to teach us about faraway worlds. We can even look back at Earth from space and study things like climate change and natural disasters. Space tech makes our modern world go round!Of course, maybe the greatest ongoing benefit of space exploration is the inspiration and curiosity it sparks in people ofall ages. Who doesn't dream of rocketing among the stars and walking on alien planets? The courage and determination of astronauts pushes us to take on enormous challenges and never stop exploring. Plus, the more we learn about space, the more amazing questions we have to investigate. Space fires up our imaginations and sense of adventure!I could go on and on about how awesome space is, but I'd better wrap this up. The universe is just endlessly fascinating to me. Every new discovery we make through space exploration unlocks more secrets and creates new possibilities. Whether it's uncovering the origins of life, finding precious resources on other planets, or developing brand new technologies – space has the potential to take humanity to places we can barely imagine.Sure, exploring space is really hard and expensive. But in my opinion, it's one of the most important and rewarding endeavors for the future of our species and our planet. After all, Earth is just one tiny pale blue dot in a staggeringly huge cosmos with so much left to uncover and understand. Space exploration reminds us that our universe is full of profound mysteries and wonders just waiting to be discovered. That's why I dream of becoming an astronaut or rocket scientist someday – to venture out into thatgreat unknown, and bring back amazing discoveries to Earth. It's going to be an awesome adventure!篇3The Wonderful World of Space ExplorationFrom the moment I was a little kid, I've always been fascinated by space. Looking up at the twinkling stars and the bright moon in the night sky fills me with a sense of wonder and curiosity. What's out there beyond our planet? What amazing discoveries are waiting to be made among those distant worlds? Space exploration helps us unlock the secrets of the cosmos, and it brings so many awesome benefits to people here on Earth too!One of the coolest things about studying space is learning about all the amazing places that exist in our solar system and beyond. There are planets of all different colors - red, blue, yellow. Some have rings around them made of chunks of ice and rock. Others have volcanoes that erupt blazing hot lava. We've even discovered moons with underground oceans! The more we explore, the more bizarre and incredible things we find.By sending spacecraft and rovers to visit these alien worlds, we get to see them up close in a way that just wouldn't be possible if we stayed put on Earth. The pictures and videos thesemissions beam back are out of this world! Like those mindblowing shots of massive storm systems raging across the surface of Jupiter, or the rugged, rust-colored canyons stretching for miles on Mars. Exploring space lets us appreciate the full splendor and diversity of our cosmic neighborhood.Studying far-off planets, moons, asteroids and comets also teaches us more about our own origins here on the third rock from the Sun. Examining the composition of these objects and analyzing their surfaces helps scientists reconstruct what things were like when our solar system was just forming billions of years ago out of a vast, swirling cloud of gas and dust. The more we learn about how Earth took shape from that primordial disk, the better we understand our planet's evolution over eons and eons.Speaking of Earth, space exploration has given us some of the most humbling and uplifting perspectives on the pale blue dot we call home. Those iconic images of our planet hanging like a brilliant jewel against the inky blackness of space are something everyone should get a chance to see. They make you realize that for all our planet's diversity of landscapes and cultures, we're all sailing through the cosmos together on this lonely but beautiful oasis. Those pictures remind me that despiteany differences between us, we're all part of the same crew on Spaceship Earth.While giving us new insights into the majesty of the universe around us, studying space has also led to extremely practical advancements that improve life for people in all kinds of ways. The development of satellites for communications, navigation, weather monitoring, and remote sensing has enabled technological marvels most of us use every single day without even thinking about it. Your phone's GPS? Thank you, space program! Checking tomorrow's forecast before a big soccer game? You can credit spacecraft for those accurate predictions.Telescopes in orbit have expanded our view all the way across the observable universe, letting us gaze upon the births and deaths of stars across both space and time. But they've also allowed us to study our own atmosphere and climate in unprecedented detail. This has given us a much deeper comprehension of how human activities like burning fossil fuels are altering the delicate systems that sustain life on Earth. Without the global perspective that space tech provides, we'd have a much cloudier picture of the climate crisis.Then there are the endless potential benefits of future space ventures. Ambitious plans to establish outposts on the Moonand eventually send crewed expeditions to Mars could pay off big time for people on Earth. Testing construction techniques and life support systems on these missions will inspire new technologies for energy, manufacturing, recycling, and resource management that could make our industries cleaner and more sustainable. Learning how to cultivate crops and produce food, water and oxygen from limited supplies for a Mars colony could lead to agricultural and environmental breakthroughs. If we can grow food on the Red Planet, think how that could improve farming practices in deserts or areas affected by drought!Beyond just pioneering cool new tech, working together on grand space projects also brings people from all over the world closer as a species. Every astronaut crew is an international team, with crew members from multiple countries working side by side. Global cooperation and diplomacy are essential to making these complex ventures succeed. When people witness their leaders putting aside differences to pursue shared goals of exploration and discovery, it inspires hope that we can solve any problems here on Earth through cooperation rather than conflict.The search to find life elsewhere in the universe is another profound aspect of space exploration that could change humanity's perspective forever. So far we've only discoveredsingle-celled microbes fossilized in Martian meteorites...but who knows what could be out there? Maybe simple organisms swimming in the subterranean seas of icy moons like Europa. Maybe even some form of intelligent life communicating its presence via some sort of cosmic signal. If we detect evidence that we're not alone in this unimaginably vast universe, it would utterly revolutionize how we understand our place in the cosmos.Just considering these possibilities fills me with amazement and anticipation. What wonders may still await among those distant stars? What mystifying natural phenomena have yet to be uncovered by our instruments? How might future discoveries reshape our scientific theories or philosophies? Our universe is so astoundingly complex and diverse that there will always be new frontiers to cross and fresh mysteries to unravel through space exploration.While I may only be a kid, I truly believe that pushing outward to explore the great unknowns is one of the noblest and most uplifting pursuits for our species. Studying the cosmos connects us to something far grander than any one person, nation, or culture. It humbles us, it fires our imaginations, and it brings us together in collaboration and shared wonder. Everytime a new celestial sight is unveiled or a spacecraft reaches a new milestone, it reinforces the amazing potential of what human beings can achieve through scientific determination and an unwavering drive to reach for the stars.For these reasons and countless more, I staunchly support space exploration and can't wait to see where our journeys into the final frontier will take us next. There is still so much out there to discover, and so many possibilities to be uncovered. All we have to do is keep our sights set on that endless sprawl of stars and embrace that innate human desire to explore the unknown. The cosmos beckons to us with its timeless mysteries, and I say we answer its call!。
英语作文-虚拟现实技术应用于文化创意产业-打造沉浸式体验
英语作文-虚拟现实技术应用于文化创意产业,打造沉浸式体验Virtual reality (VR) technology has been making waves in various industries, andone area where it has the potential to revolutionize is the cultural and creative industry.By leveraging VR technology, cultural and creative organizations can create immersive experiences that engage audiences in new and exciting ways.One of the key advantages of using VR in the cultural and creative industry is theability to transport audiences to different places and times without leaving their physical location. For example, museums can use VR to recreate historical events or ancient civilizations, allowing visitors to explore and interact with these environments firsthand. This not only enhances the educational value of cultural institutions but also provides a unique and memorable experience for visitors.Furthermore, VR technology can be used to enhance storytelling in the cultural and creative industry. By creating immersive narratives that unfold in a virtual environment, artists and creators can captivate audiences and evoke powerful emotions. Whether it's a virtual tour of an art gallery or a 360-degree video performance, VR allows for a more engaging and interactive storytelling experience.In addition, VR technology can also be used to democratize access to cultural and creative content. By making virtual experiences accessible online, organizations canreach a wider audience beyond their physical location. This can be particularly beneficialfor smaller cultural institutions or independent artists who may not have the resources to reach a global audience through traditional means.Moreover, VR technology can be a powerful tool for collaboration in the cultural and creative industry. Artists, designers, and creators from different parts of the world cancome together in a virtual space to collaborate on projects, share ideas, and create innovative works of art. This not only breaks down geographical barriers but also fostersa sense of community and creativity among individuals in the industry.Overall, the application of VR technology in the cultural and creative industry has the potential to transform the way we experience and engage with art, history, and storytelling. By creating immersive and interactive experiences, cultural organizations can attract new audiences, enhance educational opportunities, and foster collaboration among artists and creators. As VR technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more innovative uses of this technology in the cultural and creative industry, shaping the future of how we experience and appreciate art and culture.。
虚拟现实和增强现实ppt课件.ppt
病原体侵入机体,消弱机体防御机能 ,破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性, 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖,引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
虚拟现实有一定的健康和安全的考虑,并且VR智能眼镜不 应只作手机or电脑的附件,必须让设备独立起来、移动起来, 而不是依托手机或电脑,而是真正的一体机,这是多种技术 的综合和应用,是科技在努力的方向,也是整个行业的目标。 到了那个时候,人们的生活方式将会极大的改变!
VR
and 病原体侵入机体,消弱机体防御机能,破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性,且在一定部位生长繁殖,引起不同程度的病理生理过程
一、VR 病原体侵入机体,消弱机体防御机能,破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性,且在一定部位生长繁殖,引起不同程度的病理生理过程
&
AR的定义
VR(Virtual Reality,即虚拟现实,简称VR): 也称灵境技术或人工环境。虚拟现实是利用电脑模拟产生一个三维空间的虚拟世界, 提供使用者关于视觉、听觉、触觉等感官的模拟,让使用者如同身历其境一般,可以 及时、没有限制地观察三度空间内的事物。
AR
引入病原体侵入机体,消弱机体防御机能,破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性,且在一定部位生长繁殖,引起不同程度的病理生理过程
李先生在广州工作,近来打
算买房,可是一直很忙,没
时间亲自到实地去看房,某
日他在网上看到某房产公司
推出的网上虚拟三维看房,
非常逼真,很快就相中一套
三室住房。 看来,虚拟现
迪士尼的一份名为Augmented Reality Interactive Experience的专利被公开
迪士尼的一份名为Augmented Reality Interactive
Experience的专利被公开
大家还记得迪士尼和联想合作的AR游戏绝地挑战吗,这款玩具利用一个头戴装置、一个定位装置和一个光剑控制器就可以让玩家体验成为星球大战中绝地武士的感觉。
在游戏提供的三个模式Lightsaber Battles、Strategic Combat、Holochess中,Lightsaber Battles即光剑对决尤为独特,玩家可以在其中直接拿着光剑与虚拟的敌人对决。
最近,迪士尼的一份名为Augmented Reality Interactive Experience的专利被公开,其中描述了诸多可能的AR体验实施途径,还提到了玩家手中光剑的定位等问题,显然还在继续开发与星战有关的AR应用。
专利首先说明了一个可以让多个用户利用AR平台交互的系统,该系统包括一个ar 平台,交互式地与一个或多个移动ar 设备连接,这些“移动AR 设备”由用户佩带或使用。
ar 平台包括硬件处理器、内存存储和ar 应用, 而移动ar 设备除了显示设备外还包括光探测器。
一般情况下, AR 平台可以通过各自的网络通信链路交互式地链接到一个或多个移动AR 设备.
或者, 在特殊情况下, 除了通过AR 平台进行通信外, 移动ar 设备可以通过无线通信链路在AR 场地内直接通信. 这个无线通信链路可以是蓝牙链接, 例如蓝牙低能耗链接, 也可以是wi-fi 链接。
这种方案有一个优点, 移动。
当代艺术领域新兴词汇2023
当代艺术领域新兴词汇2023作为一个充满创新和变革的领域,当代艺术不断涌现出新的概念和词汇,这些词汇既反映了艺术家对于当下社会的思考,也表达了他们对于未来的展望。
在2023年,当代艺术领域又迎来了一批新兴词汇,本文将为您介绍其中一些最为引人注目的词汇。
1. 虚拟感官艺术(Virtual Sensory Art)随着科技的飞速发展,虚拟现实技术在艺术创作中的运用越来越广泛。
虚拟感官艺术是一种利用虚拟现实技术模拟人类感官体验的艺术形式。
通过虚拟现实头盔、手套等设备,艺术家能够创造出远超于现实世界的感官体验,使观众身临其境地感受到艺术作品所传递的情感和意义。
2. 可持续艺术(Sustainable Art)随着环保和可持续发展意识的提高,可持续艺术成为当代艺术领域的一个重要话题。
这种艺术形式关注人与环境之间的关系,倡导使用可再生材料和能源,降低对自然资源的消耗。
艺术家们通过创作雕塑、装置艺术和绘画等作品,呼吁人们更加关注环境保护,并寻求人与自然和谐共处的方式。
3. 数据艺术(Data Art)在数字化时代,大数据的出现影响了各个领域,艺术界也不例外。
数据艺术是一种利用数据信息作为材料和创作媒介的艺术形式。
艺术家通过对数据的收集、处理和可视化,揭示出数据背后的规律、趋势和意义,从而创作出能够触动人心并产生共鸣的作品。
4. 身份艺术(Identity Art)在全球化和多元文化交汇的背景下,身份艺术成为一个备受关注的主题。
身份艺术通过探讨个体和集体的身份认同、性别、种族、民族等问题,呈现出不同文化背景下的艺术作品。
艺术家以自己的身份为出发点,通过绘画、摄影和行为艺术等方式,探索并表达自我与社会之间的关系。
5. 环境艺术(Environmental Art)环境艺术强调艺术与自然环境的融合和交互。
艺术家们将自然景观作为创作的媒介和载体,创造出与自然环境共生共存的艺术作品。
这些作品可以是在自然风光中临时搭建的装置艺术,也可以是将艺术融入到城市环境中的公共艺术。
AR101
More Immersive Experience Online / Kiosk
42
Mobile Will Overcome:
•Hardware Issues
• • • GPS Accuracy Compass Accuracy No Front Facing Camera
•Processing Power Issues •Issues Accessing API’s
28
What’s So Special About Augmented Reality Gaming?
1.Future of Gaming -> You Are Part Of The Game (ex. Project Natal)
2. Ability To Tie into Social Communities for Social Gaming Experience
21
But, just because you can do AR, does that mean you should?
22
What makes a good execution?
23
Put on your “Consumer Hat”
Would you hold a print magazine up to a webcam to watch a 5 minute video?
To Become:
•Central touchpoint for AR
43
Connected TVs Will Be A Powerful Medium
44
“The best way to predict the future is to invent it.”
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Collaborative Augmented Reality: Exploring Dynamical SystemsAnton Fuhrmann, Helwig Löffelmann, Dieter SchmalstiegVienna University of Technology*ABSTRACTIn this paper we present collaborative scientific visualization in S TUDIERSTUBE. S TUDIERSTUBE is an augmented reality system that has several advantages over conventional desktop and other virtual reality environments, including true stereoscopy, 3D-interaction, individual viewpoints and customized views for multiple users, unhindered natural collaboration and low cost. We demonstrate the application of this concept for the interaction of multiple users and illustrate it with several visualizations of dynamical systems in DynSys3D, a visualization system running on top of AVS.CR Categories and Subject Descriptors: I.3.1 [Computer graphics]: Three-Dimensional Displays, I.3.7 [Computer graphics]: Virtual RealityKeywords: virtual environments, scientific visualization, dynamical systems, augmented reality1 INTRODUCTIONAs a highly interdisciplinary field, scientific visualization frequently requires experts with different background to cooperate closely. Many valuable insights only occur in face-to-face discussions over the relevant data.To preserve these valuable aspects, we propose an augmented reality (AR) system which combines a familiar physical surrounding with the visualization of the synthetic data. The intrinsic advantage of AR, namely the superimposition of computer-generated images over the users view of reality enables unique combinations of real and virtual objects and the unhindered cooperation of different users viewing the same visualization.We also show how the integration of AR into a visualization system [AVS92], can be achieved so that the S TUDIERSTUBE becomes a three-dimensional user interface for scientific visualizations. Several examples constructed in DynSys3D [Löff97a] - developed for the visualization of complex dynamical systems in AVS - will complement the presentation.2 RELATED WORKEarly adopters of virtual reality (VR) systems soon realized that one of the immediately useful applications comes from the field of scientific visualization, where scientists try to understand complex data sets and can benefit from true 3D, stereoscopy, and interactive exploration, e.g., GROPE [Broo90], the nanomanipulator [Tayl93], and the virtual Windtunnel [Brys91]. The need to support collaboration of human users lead in two directions: remote collaboration (e.g. [Brys93]) and collaborative virtual environments (VEs) where users come together in one place, and can interact and communicate in a natural way.In the latter category, two very successful approaches have been developed: The CAVE [Cruz93], and the workbench, with two variants - Responsive Workbench [Krüg95] and Virtual Workbench (VW) [Obey96]. Both systems present stereoscopic images to the user via large display screens and LCD shutter glasses, and both systems support multiple users.The CAVE is a small room composed of three projection walls and a projection floor, on which computer-generated images are displayed. Among the CAVE’s advantages are high resolution, wide field of view, insensitivity towards lag for rotational head movements, and a strong feeling of immersion.The Workbench is essentially a table on which computer generated images are projected, resulting in a typical setup used by e.g. surgeons, engineers and architects. The resource requirements are less demanding than those of the CAVE, and the horizontal workspace is very useful for manipulation with hand-held tools. Both systems suffer from the drawback that true stereoscopic images can only be rendered for one …leading“ user wearing the head tracker - the users have to remain close to the leading user, because distortions increase proportional to their distance to the tracked point of view. Applications in which users surround an object don’t work in the CAVE and are only possible for two participants in the latest version of the workbench [Agra97]. However, the authors state that their approach - unlike the one presented in this paper does not easily scale beyond two users because of inherent limitations of the display hardware.3 THE “STUDIERSTUBE” APPROACHWe propose a system that allows multiple collaborating users to simultaneously study three-dimensional scientific visualizations in a …study room“ - German: …S TUDIERSTUBE“ (inspired by the classic play …Faust“). Each participant wears an individually head-tracked see-through HMD providing a stereoscopic real-time display (color plate 1).The use of individual displays and head-tracking for each participant allows stereoscopic, undistorted images to be presented to everyone. There are no constraints regarding the viewpoint, unlike the Workbench, users may sit on opposite sides of the table, which in combination with the see-through property of the HMDs allow users to see each other. This also avoids the fear of bumping into obstacles which often limits the freedom of movement in purely immersive setups. The HMDs we use - Virtual I-O i-glasses - are very lightweight and unobtrusive, but only of limited resolution and small (30°) field of view. Rendering separate images for each user gives great flexibility in the choice of the presented image, but also makes the rendering effort proportional to the number of users, whereas CAVE and (single-user) Workbench require only a constant rendering effort.The defining features of S TUDIERSTUBE are:Augmented props: We exploit the capabilities of AR to construct a three-dimensional user interface needed for controlling the presentation and possibly the simulation by introducing tracked real-world objects that combine physical items and overlaid computer graphics, such as the Personal Interaction Panel (PIP) [Szal97]. The PIP is used as a device for handling virtual objects (color plate 5) or as a cutting plane.Customized views: In addition to individual choice of viewpoint, customized views of the data are possible, for example one user may want to see stream lines added to the basic image, while another may not. Two users in the same room may see different aspects of the same object at the same time.Usage of space: The space in the S TUDIERSTUBE can be used similarly to a CAVE (multiple users standing around), but also allows a workbench setup (users gathering round a desk). Organizational advantages: While the cost of the S TUDIERSTUBE’s hardware components are certainly higher than a conventional desktop visualization station consisting of only a graphics workstation, they are very conservative compared to a setup like the CAVE. This is particularly important as the potential users of the S TUDIERSTUBE - research groups - are typically operating on a tight budget. Furthermore, the setup consumes little space and is relatively easy transportable.4 VISUALIZATION IN THE STUDIERSTUBETo combine augmented reality and scientific visualization, a new integrated solution could be developed, but employing an existing,general-purpose scientific visualization system (in our case, AVS)allows a wider range of applications and eases development. Since this desktop-based system is not designed for the real-time requirements of AR, we use what Shaw et al. call a decoupled simulation [Shaw93]: The visualization system and the AR user interface (called display server in an analogy to X-Windows) run as completely independent processes, typically executing on separate machines and communicating with each other over a network.As shown in figure 1, the system is composed of two loops: the display loop, a tightly coupled human-in-the-loop component,where real-time response is essential, and a loose coupling between display server and visualization application for the exchange of visual information. The display server continues to serve real-time graphics to the user while the application may work in background, delays of several seconds for recomputation are quite acceptable.images interactiongeometric datamapping parametersFigure 1: Decoupled simulation modelThe display server is a multi-threaded application: Rendering the HMD images from the geometry database and transferring data to and from AVS execute simultaneously. Local interaction such as positioning and rotating the virtual objects is done by interacting with the display server, and does not affect the visualization system. Input from the HMDs and interaction devices is delivered to the display server by a dedicated tracker demon, which runs on a separate machine. The display server also forwards user commands to AVS and receives updates to the geometry database (figure 2).Figure 2: Display server and hardware configuration5 VISUALIZATION OF DYNAMICALSYSTEMS WITH DYNSYS3DDynSys3D is a multi-purpose workbench for the rapid development of advanced visualization techniques [Löff97b,Löff97c] in the field of three-dimensional dynamical systems,designed to support incremental and parallel implementations of new ideas in this field.The system is based on AVS [AVS92], which is a general purpose visualization system based on data flow paradigm.DynSys3D modules are usually built from at least three principal components: Dynamical System, Numerical Integrator,and Visualization Technique. They are separated by rather narrow interface specifications. By this separation, for example, new dynamical systems can be visualized with approved visualization techniques without recompiling them. Similarly, a new numerical integrator can be plugged into this system without touching any visualization module. Currently, our most important visualization icons - streamlines and streamsurfaces - and a set of specialized input modules exist.One design guideline of DynSys3D, namely that all of its modules have to produce standard AVS output (geometry), was very important for the integration of DynSys3D and S TUDIERSTUBE : A simple utility that converts AVS geometry into the S TUDIERSTUBE ’s format (Open Inventor) was sufficient to export geometry. Interaction messages from the VE are sent to DynSys3D’s input modules as AVS geometry items, points for 3D mouse positions, lines for mouse drag events (color plates 2-4).Governed by the data flow paradigm underlying AVS, the user’s commands are routed via the display server to input modules of an AVS network, whereas the results of the computation are sent to output modules, and from there onward to the user (figure 3).However, AVS’ execution scheme invokes modules only when the user generates input events. Consequently, the network communication with the display server had to be implemented as a coroutine inside AVS, which forwards the user’s commands to an AVS input module. This explicitly triggers re-evaluation of the AVS net; the coroutine also collects the results (usually new or modified geometric data) and forwards it to the display server.Figure 3: AVS/DynSys3D configuration6 APPLICATIONSThe following DynSys3D applications were selected as representative examples for the evaluation of our concept.Mixed-mode OscillationsA model we investigated together with colleagues from our econometrics department is the 3D autocatalator [Mili96, Petr92].It is a simple 3D dynamical system which exhibits mixed-mode oscillations. These are phenomena often encountered in real world systems, for example in chemical systems. Depending on the parameters of this system either periodic or quasiperiodic (chaotic)solutions can be found. Direct immersion in the 3D phase space provided a useful tool for the investigation of its behavior.Structure and relations of visualization icons that are produced by the visualization system can be better investigated through 3D interaction.RTorusRTorus is a ‘synthetic’ system that demonstrates important common properties of dynamical systems. Abraham and Shawuse this model as an example to explain several fundamental flow properties [Abra92]. This dynamical system models a coupled oscillation within three-space. Depending on the parameters of the model either an attracting cycle within the x-y-plane or an attracting torus around the z-axis appears.RösslerAs a rather well-known dynamical system we also investigated the Rössler attractor in S TUDIERSTUBE. Rössler is also a three-dimensional dynamical system that exhibits a chaotic attractor if parameters are set properly. Taking this familiar dynamical system for analysis in S TUDIERSTUBE allowed us to easily compare visualization in AR to established techniques.7 EVALUATIONOur evaluation showed that the investigation of dynamical systems in the S TUDIERSTUBE has some significant advantages: Rapid feedback for visualization mapping. It has been seen that the fast feedback loop allowing to trigger new calculations of the visualization mapping, e.g., the integration of a streamsurface from within the AR setup, speeds up and enhances the visualization and understanding process. The process of choosing an initial visualization mapping, then refining it converges much faster as researcher are better able to estimate their requirements.Reduced abstraction. Abstract mathematical constructs such as phase space, attractors etc. can be deterring in their complexity even for experts. The intuitive 3D user interface of S TUDIERSTUBE greatly simplifies the exploration of these structures and allows the user to get familiar with the 3D representation of the dynamical systems much faster than via a 2D display.Educational settings. The collaborative setting of S TUDIERSTUBE is of great utility for explaining dynamical systems. Tutorial situations are strongly supported by the capability to freely choose ones viewpoint and the unhindered natural communication. The very concrete, true 3D representation especially benefits students that are unfamiliar with complex mathematical structures.Customized views. When multiple researchers investigate dynamical systems together, S TUDIERSTUBE’s capability of separating customized views allows individual markers and visualization icons to be added. These icons can be kept private to avoid display clutter, or they can be shared with others. Enhanced interaction capabilities. We have verified that true three-dimensional viewing and manipulation is indeed superior to screen-and-mouse based interaction of complex 3D models. The tedious work of positioning, orienting, and zooming, typical for conventional systems, can be reduced significantly. Alternatives in the operation make exploration less computer-centric and are easy to learn for inexperienced users.8 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKBy connecting the AR system S TUDIERSTUBE and the visualization system DynSys3D we started a synergistic effect: Researchers who investigate dynamical systems profit from the intuitive interaction techniques available for 3D phase space in S TUDIERSTUBE, and also from the collaborative setting. From an AR researcher’s perspective, the behavior and demands of …real“users (designers of dynamical systems) supported the development of S TUDIERSTUBE as a practical tool, and also permitted us to verify that useful work can be done in such a setup.While performance was more or less satisfactory for most tasks, we quickly learned that the intuitive operation of the system fuels the imagination, and makes researchers demand visualization that are more complex in structure and detail, so they quickly exceed the rendering subsystems real-time capabilities. To allow the system to reach further, optimizations and support for levels of detail is definitely on the list for future work.9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work has been supported by the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) under project no. P-12074-MAT. Special thanks to Meister Eduard Gröller, without whom this paper would have been impossible.REFERENCES[Abra92] R. Abraham & C. Shaw: Dynamics - The Geometry of Behavior. Addison-Wesley, 1992.[Agra97] M. Agrawala et al: The Two-User Responsive Workbench: Support for Collaboration Through Individual Views of a Shared Space, to appear in: Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 97[AVS92] AVS Developers Guide - Release 4. Advanced Visualisation Systems Inc, 1992.[Broo90] F. Brooks Jr. et. al.: Project GROPE - Haptic Displays for Scientific Visualisation. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 90, pp 177-185, 1990.[Brys91] S. Bryson: The Virtual Wind Tunnel. Proceedings of IEEE Visualization 91, 17-25, 1991.[Brys93] S. Bryson: The Distributed Virtual Windtunnel.SIGGRAPH 93 Course Notes 43, 3.1-3.10, 1993.[Cruz93] C. Cruz-Neira, D. Sandin, T. DeFanti: Surround-Screen Projection-Based Virtual Reality: The Design and Implementation of the CAVE. Proc. of SIGGRAPH 93, 135-142, 1993.[Krüg95] W. Krüger et al: The Responsive Workbench: A Virtual Work Environment. IEEE Computer 28(7): 42-48, 1995.[Löff97a] Löffelmann H., Gröller E.: DynSys3D: A workbench for developing advanced visualization techniques in the field of three-dimensional dynamical systems. WSCG 97, Plzen, Czech Republic, pp. 301-310, 1997.[Löff97b] H. Löffelmann, L. Mroz, E. Gröller: Hierarchical Streamarrows for the Visualization of Dynamical Systems. To appear in: Proc. of the 8th Eurographics Workshop on Vis. in Sci. Computing, April 1997[Löff97c] H. Löffelmann, E. Gröller: Visualizing Poincaré Maps together with the underlying flow. ftp:// ftp.cg.tuwien.ac.at/pub/TR/97/TR-186-2-97-06Paper.ps.gz [Mili96] A. Milik: Dynamics of Mixed-mode Oscillations. PhD thesis, Vienna U. of Technology, Austria, 1996.[Obey96] U. Obeysekare et al.: Virtual Workbench - A Non-ImmersiveVirtual Environment for Visualizing and Interacting with 3D Objects for Scientific Visualization. Proceedings of Visualization 96, pp. 345-350, 1996.[Petr92] V. Petrov, S. Scott, K. Showalter: Mixed-mode oscillations in chemical systems. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 97, No. 9, pp. 6191-6198, 1992.[Shaw93] C. Shaw, et al: Decoupled simulation in virtual reality with the MR toolkit. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 287-317, 1993.[Szal97] Zs. Szalavári, M. Gervautz: The Personal Interaction Panel - A Two-handed Interface for Augmented Reality. To appear in: Proc. EUROGRAPHICS 97, Budapest, Hungary, 1997.[Tayl93] R. Taylor et. al.: The Nanomanipulator: A Virtual Reality Interface for a Scanning Tunneling Microscope.Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 93, pp. 127-134, 1993.virtual object3D-mouseplate 1:hardware configuration of Studierstube (displaying Rössler attractor)plate 2: injecting a new streamsurface into MMO - button downplate 4: button release - geometry updatedplate 3: drawing the seedline (note red “rubberband”)plate 5: investigating RTorus on PIP (two-handed interaction)。