Session 07 - B2B Strategies
英语驵教研活动记录(3篇)
第1篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Location]Participants: [List of Participants]Facilitator: [Name of Facilitator]Duration: [Insert Duration]---I. IntroductionThe English curriculum development research and development activity was organized to enhance the teaching and learning experience of English language students. The objective was to explore innovative teaching methods, integrate technology effectively, and assess the impact of various curriculum strategies on student performance. This record aims to document the key activities, discussions, and outcomes of the session.---II. Agenda1. Opening Remarks and Objectives2. Review of Current English Curriculum3. Exploration of Innovative Teaching Methods4. Integration of Technology in the Classroom5. Assessment and Feedback Mechanisms6. Group Work and Case Studies7. Discussion and Feedback8. Closing Remarks and Action Plan---III. Opening Remarks and ObjectivesThe facilitator began the session with a brief overview of the objectives of the activity. The main goals were:- To identify gaps and challenges in the current English curriculum.- To explore and discuss innovative teaching methods that can enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.- To investigate the effective integration of technology in English language teaching.- To develop strategies for assessing and providing feedback on student progress.---IV. Review of Current English CurriculumThe participants engaged in a constructive discussion about the current English curriculum. Key points raised included:- The need for a more balanced approach to grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing, and speaking skills.- The inclusion of relevant and contemporary topics that resonate with students.- The importance of personalized learning experiences to cater to diverse student needs.---V. Exploration of Innovative Teaching MethodsParticipants shared various innovative teaching methods that they had found effective in their classrooms. Some of the methods discussed were:- Project-based learning (PBL) to encourage student autonomy andcritical thinking.- Flipped classrooms to promote self-directed learning and active participation in class.- Gamification to make learning more engaging and fun.- Collaborative learning activities to foster teamwork and communication skills.---VI. Integration of Technology in the ClassroomThe group explored how technology could be integrated into the English language classroom. Suggestions included:- Using digital platforms for interactive lessons and activities.- Incorporating multimedia resources such as videos, podcasts, and interactive quizzes.- Implementing language learning apps and online dictionaries to support vocabulary development.- Utilizing social media for peer-to-peer interaction and collaborative projects.---VII. Assessment and Feedback MechanismsParticipants discussed the importance of effective assessment and feedback in the English language classroom. Key points included:- The need for a variety of assessment methods, including formative and summative assessments.- The use of rubrics and checklists to provide clear criteria for evaluating student work.- The importance of timely and constructive feedback to guide student progress.- The implementation of self-assessment and peer-assessment to promote reflective learning.---VIII. Group Work and Case StudiesThe session was divided into small groups, where participants worked on developing case studies based on real-life scenarios. Each group focused on a different aspect of the English curriculum, such as:- Developing a PBL project on environmental sustainability.- Creating a flipped classroom lesson plan on the history of English literature.- Designing a gamified activity to teach grammar concepts.- Implementing a technology-based assessment tool for vocabulary learning.---IX. Discussion and FeedbackAfter presenting their case studies, groups engaged in a lively discussion, providing feedback and suggestions for improvement. The facilitator summarized the key points and ensured that all participants felt their contributions were valued.---X. Closing Remarks and Action PlanThe facilitator concluded the session by highlighting the key takeaways and emphasizing the importance of continuous professional development in English language teaching. An action plan was developed, outlining the following steps:- Implementing selected innovative teaching methods in classrooms.- Integrating technology resources into lesson plans.- Conducting pilot assessments to evaluate the effectiveness of new strategies.- Sharing best practices and challenges with the wider teaching community.---XI. ConclusionThe English curriculum development research and development activity was a productive and insightful session. Participants left with a renewed enthusiasm for teaching and a wealth of ideas to enhance their practice. The shared knowledge and collaborative spirit will undoubtedlycontribute to the ongoing improvement of the English language curriculum.第2篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Venue]Duration: [Insert Duration]Participants: [List of Participants]Facilitator: [Name of Facilitator]Objective: To enhance the effectiveness of English language teaching strategies and explore innovative approaches to student engagement.---I. IntroductionThe English language teaching (ELT) research and development (R&D) activity was organized to foster a collaborative environment where educators could share insights, discuss challenges, and brainstorm solutions to improve the teaching and learning of English. The objective was to integrate new pedagogical methods, technologies, and resources into our teaching practices to create a more dynamic and engaging learning experience for our students.II. Opening RemarksThe session commenced with a brief welcome address by the facilitator, who emphasized the importance of continuous professional development in the field of ELT. The facilitator highlighted the need for innovative approaches to cater to the diverse needs of students in a rapidly evolving educational landscape.III. Presentation on Current Teaching PracticesTo kickstart the discussion, the facilitator presented a brief overview of the current teaching practices employed by the participants. This included traditional methods such as grammar-based instruction, vocabulary building exercises, and reading and writing workshops. The presentation also covered the use of technology in the classroom, such as interactive whiteboards and educational apps.IV. Group Discussions: Challenges and SolutionsThe participants were divided into small groups to discuss the challenges they faced in their teaching practices. Each group was tasked with identifying common issues, such as student disengagement, lack of resources, and diverse learning styles. The groups then brainstormed potential solutions to these challenges, focusing on the following areas:A. Student Engagement1. Incorporating more interactive and student-centered activities into lessons.2. Utilizing multimedia resources, such as videos, podcasts, and online games, to make learning more engaging.3. Encouraging peer collaboration and group work to foster a sense of community in the classroom.B. Lack of Resources1. Leveraging open educational resources (OER) to supplement classroom materials.2. Collaborating with other educators to share resources and ideas.3. Advocating for additional funding and support from educational institutions to improve resource availability.C. Diverse Learning Styles1. Implementing differentiated instruction to cater to various learning styles, such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic.2. Using a variety of teaching methods, such as lectures, discussions, and hands-on activities, to accommodate different learning preferences.3. Providing opportunities for students to express themselves through various forms of assessment, such as presentations, portfolios, and reflections.V. Presentation of Innovative ApproachesFollowing the group discussions, selected participants presented innovative approaches they had implemented in their classrooms. These included:1. Flipped Classroom: Students watched video lessons at home and used class time for interactive activities and discussions.2. Project-Based Learning (PBL): Students worked on real-world projects that required them to apply their English language skills in context.3. Game-Based Learning: Incorporating educational games into lessons to make learning more enjoyable and interactive.VI. Technology Integration WorkshopsTo further enhance the participants' technological skills, a series of workshops were conducted on various educational technologies. These workshops covered topics such as:1. Creating interactive lessons using educational platforms like Kahoot! and Quizizz.2. Utilizing digital storytelling tools to encourage students to express themselves creatively.3. Implementing online collaboration tools like Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams to facilitate remote learning and communication.VII. Feedback and ReflectionAt the end of the session, participants shared their feedback and reflections on the day's activities. The majority of participants expressed a strong desire to continue exploring innovative teaching methods and integrating technology into their classrooms. They also highlighted the importance of ongoing professional development and collaboration among educators.VIII. ConclusionThe ELT R&D activity was a resounding success, providing participants with valuable insights, practical strategies, and a renewed sense of enthusiasm for their profession. The session not only fostered a collaborative spirit but also equipped educators with the tools and knowledge needed to enhance their teaching practices and ultimately improve student learning outcomes.IX. Action PlanTo ensure the continuation of the positive outcomes from this activity, the following action plan was developed:1. Regular Follow-Up Meetings: Schedule monthly follow-up meetings to discuss progress, share resources, and address any ongoing challenges.2. Mentorship Program: Establish a mentorship program to pair experienced educators with those new to the profession.3. Resource Library: Create an online resource library to store and share materials, tools, and best practices.4. Professional Development Workshops: Organize regular workshops and training sessions to keep educators up-to-date with the latest ELT trends and technologies.By implementing this action plan, we aim to create a sustainable environment that supports continuous improvement in English language teaching and learning.第3篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Venue]Participants: [List of Participants]Facilitator: [Name of Facilitator]Duration: [Insert Duration, e.g., 3 hours]---I. IntroductionThe English education research and development activity was organized to explore innovative teaching methods, share best practices, and discuss the challenges faced in the field. The objective was to enhance the quality of English language teaching and learning in our institution.II. Opening RemarksThe session commenced with a brief welcome address by the facilitator, emphasizing the importance of continuous professional development for teachers and the significance of research in shaping effective teaching strategies.III. Session 1: Current Trends in English Language Teaching1. Topic IntroductionThe facilitator introduced the topic by highlighting the current trends in English language teaching, including the integration of technology, the importance of communicative approaches, and the role of digital literacy.2. Group DiscussionParticipants were divided into small groups to discuss the following questions:- How can technology be effectively integrated into English language teaching?- What are the benefits and challenges of communicative approaches?- How can we develop digital literacy skills in our students?3. Group ReportsEach group presented their findings, emphasizing the following points:- The use of educational apps and online platforms can enhance student engagement and provide personalized learning experiences.- Communicative approaches focus on student interaction and can improve language proficiency.- Digital literacy can be developed through project-based learning and the use of digital tools.IV. Session 2: Case Studies of Successful English Language Programs1. Topic IntroductionThe facilitator presented case studies of successful English language programs from various educational institutions, focusing on their innovative approaches and outcomes.2. Discussion and AnalysisParticipants engaged in a detailed discussion and analysis of the case studies, identifying the following key factors for success:- Clear learning objectives and outcomes.- Diverse teaching methods and resources.- Strong teacher-student relationships.- Continuous assessment and feedback.3. Reflection and SharingEach participant shared their reflections on the case studies, discussing how these programs could be adapted to their own teaching contexts.V. Session 3: Challenges and Solutions in English Language Teaching1. Topic IntroductionThe facilitator addressed the challenges faced by English language teachers, including student motivation, classroom management, and assessment.2. Interactive SessionParticipants engaged in an interactive session, sharing their own experiences and challenges. The following solutions were proposed:- Creating a positive and engaging learning environment.- Using varied teaching techniques to cater to different learning styles.- Providing ongoing professional development opportunities for teachers.3. Group WorkParticipants worked in groups to develop practical strategies to address specific challenges, such as:- Motivating students through gamification and interactive activities.- Managing the classroom effectively through clear expectations and consistent discipline.- Implementing formative and summative assessment methods to track student progress.VI. ConclusionThe research and development activity concluded with a summary of the key points discussed throughout the session. The facilitator emphasized the importance of collaboration, innovation, and continuous improvement in English language teaching.VII. Action Plan1. Develop a technology integration plan for the English language curriculum.2. Implement a pilot project using communicative approaches in the classroom.3. Conduct regular professional development workshops for teachers on classroom management and assessment techniques.4. Share best practices and resources through a collaborative platform for teachers.VIII. FeedbackParticipants were encouraged to provide feedback on the activity, which will be used to improve future research and development sessions.---This record serves as a comprehensive documentation of the English education research and development activity, highlighting the key discussions, findings, and action plans to enhance the quality of English language teaching in our institution.。
商务谈判实训(双语) Unit 5 strategies and tactics for Business Negotiations
Unit 5 Strategies and Tactics for Business Negotiations
Part One 案例学习 Part Two 理论拓展 Part Three 要点小结 Part Four 综合实训
Pre-Negotiation Strategy Check List 谈判前的策略审核清单
Task 1 Strategies Considerations 策略思考
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Unit 5 Strategies and Tactics for Business Negotiations
Part One 案例学习 Part Two 理论拓展 Part Three 要点小结 Part Four 综合实训
案例思考
1. Why do you think this negotiation can be concluded so fast? 2. Do you think this is dealing for one-time or long-term cooperation？ What are the differences to deal with? 3. During this negotiation, which party do you think is in a relatively strong position？ Why? 4. Do you think “time” is important in this case？ Why?
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Unit 5 Strategies and Tactics for Business Negotiations
Introduction
Task 1 Strategies Considerations
英语会议日程作文
英语会议日程作文Title: English Conference Agenda。
Introduction:Welcome to the English Conference Agenda! In this document, we will outline the schedule and topics for our upcoming conference.Day 1:9:00 AM 9:30 AM: Registration and Welcome。
Participants arrive and register for the conference. Welcome remarks will be given by the conference organizers.9:30 AM 10:30 AM: Keynote Address。
Dr. Sarah Johnson, an expert in English literature,will deliver the keynote address on the future trends inEnglish language teaching.10:30 AM 11:00 AM: Coffee Break。
11:00 AM 12:30 PM: Panel Discussion: Innovations in English Teaching。
A panel of educators will discuss innovative approaches and methods in teaching English as a second language. Topics will include technology integration, experiential learning, and cultural sensitivity.12:30 PM 1:30 PM: Lunch Break。
英语课教研活动(3篇)
第1篇IntroductionThe purpose of this English classroom research and development (教研) activity is to explore effective strategies for enhancing English language learning in our school. By engaging in a collaborative教研session, teachers can share their experiences, discuss challenges, and brainstorm innovative teaching methods. This activity aims to foster a supportive learning environment and improve the overall quality of English instruction.I. BackgroundIn recent years, the importance of English language proficiency has been increasingly recognized in our school. However, despite the efforts of our dedicated teachers, there are still areas that need improvement. To address these challenges, we have organized this教研活动 to promote knowledge sharing and professional growth among the English faculty.II. Objectives1. To identify common challenges faced by English language teachers in our school.2. To discuss effective teaching strategies and resources that can be implemented in the classroom.3. To encourage collaborative planning and sharing of best practices among teachers.4. To enhance the overall quality of English language instruction.III. Activity StructureThe教研 activity will be conducted over a period of two hours and will consist of the following segments:A. Introduction and Icebreaker- Objective: To create a comfortable and collaborative atmosphere among participants.- Activities:1. A brief welcome speech by the教研 leader.2. A fun icebreaker activity to get everyone engaged and comfortable.B. Sharing of Experiences and Challenges- Objective: To identify common challenges faced by English language teachers.- Activities:1. Each teacher will share their experiences and challenges in teaching English.2. A group discussion to identify common issues and brainstorm potential solutions.C. Effective Teaching Strategies- Objective: To explore and discuss effective teaching strategies.- Activities:1. A presentation on various teaching strategies, such as project-based learning, cooperative learning, and technology integration.2. A roundtable discussion on how these strategies can be applied in the English classroom.D. Resource Sharing- Objective: To promote the sharing of teaching resources among teachers.- Activities:1. A showcase of innovative teaching materials and resources.2. A platform for teachers to exchange and discuss resources that have been successful in their classrooms.E. Collaborative Planning and Best Practices- Objective: To encourage collaborative planning and the sharing of best practices.- Activities:1. Small group discussions on how to create engaging lesson plans.2. A presentation of best practices from each group.F. Feedback and Reflection- Objective: To gather feedback and reflect on the activity.- Activities:1. A brief feedback session to discuss the strengths and areas for improvement of the教研 activity.2. A reflective activity to encourage participants to think about how they can implement new strategies and ideas in their own classrooms.IV. Expected OutcomesWe anticipate that this教研 activity will lead to the following outcomes:1. A deeper understanding of common challenges faced by English language teachers.2. Increased knowledge of effective teaching strategies and resources.3. Enhanced collaboration and communication among teachers.4. Improved overall quality of English language instruction.V. ConclusionThis English classroom research and development activity is a crucial step towards enhancing English language learning in our school. By fostering a collaborative and supportive environment, we can ensure that our students receive the highest quality of English instruction. We look forward to the positive outcomes of this activity and the continued growth of our English faculty.References- Brown, H. D., & Yule, G. (1983). Teaching the language skills: A practical guide. Cambridge University Press.- Harmer, J. (2007). The practice of English language teaching (4th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.- Nunan, D. (1991). Language teaching methodology: A textbook for teachers. Cambridge University Press.第2篇Introduction:The English language teaching and research department at our school has recently organized a comprehensive教研活动 aimed at enhancing thequality of English language instruction. This activity brought together teachers, educational experts, and administrators to discuss current teaching practices, explore innovative methods, and share insights into effective English language teaching. The following report details the highlights of the教研活动, including the objectives, methodologies, outcomes, and recommendations for future improvement.I. Objectives of the Research and Development Activity1. To identify the current challenges and strengths in English language teaching at our school.2. To explore and implement innovative teaching strategies that promote student engagement and language proficiency.3. To enhance the professional development of English language teachers through collaborative learning and knowledge sharing.4. To assess the effectiveness of the new teaching approaches and make necessary adjustments for continuous improvement.II. MethodologyThe教研活动采用以下方法进行：1. Pre-activity surveys: Teachers were asked to complete surveys regarding their teaching experiences, challenges, and areas for improvement.2. Workshops: Experts from various educational institutions were invited to conduct workshops on innovative teaching methods and student-centered approaches.3. Case studies: Successful teaching practices from other schools were presented and discussed to inspire new ideas.4. Group discussions: Teachers were divided into small groups to share their experiences, brainstorm solutions, and collaborate on lesson planning.5. Action research: Teachers were encouraged to conduct small-scale experiments in their classrooms to test new teaching strategies and gather feedback.III. Outcomes1. Enhanced teacher awareness: Participants gained a deeper understanding of the importance of student engagement, language proficiency, and cultural competence in English language teaching.2. New teaching strategies: Teachers learned about various techniques such as project-based learning, cooperative learning, and technology integration to improve student learning outcomes.3. Collaborative learning: The activity fostered a sense of community among teachers, promoting knowledge sharing and mutual support.4. Improved student performance: Preliminary results indicate that students who participated in the new teaching approaches showed improved language proficiency and engagement in the classroom.IV. Recommendations for Future Improvement1. Ongoing professional development: Regular training sessions and workshops should be organized to keep teachers updated on the latest teaching trends and best practices.2. Continuous evaluation: Regular assessments should be conducted to monitor the effectiveness of the new teaching approaches and make necessary adjustments.3. Technology integration: Schools should invest in technology resources to support teachers in implementing innovative teaching strategies.4. Collaboration with other schools: Establishing partnerships with other educational institutions can facilitate knowledge sharing and collaborative research.5. Parental involvement: Encouraging parental involvement in theirchild's language learning can contribute to a more conducive learning environment.Conclusion:The English language教研活动取得了显著成果，不仅提高了教师的教学水平和学生的语言能力，还促进了教师之间的合作与交流。
英语教研组大型活动(3篇)
Introduction
The English教研组 at [School Name] is proud to announce the upcoming Annual Conference, a grand event designed to bring together educators, scholars, and enthusiasts from across the region to discuss, explore, and celebrate the art and science of language education. This year's conference will focus on fostering innovation and excellence in English language teaching and learning. With a lineup of esteemed speakers, interactive workshops, and thought-provoking sessions, the conference promises to be an enriching experience for all attendees.
VI. Panel Discussions
Panel discussions will bring together a group of experts to address current issues and challenges in English language teaching. Topics may include:
5. "Building Confidence in Young Learners"
APICS资源主计划
Sales and OperatioБайду номын сангаасs Planning (S&OP)
Is a business process Keeps demand and supply in balance Is performed at the aggregate level Focuses on product volume, not mix Occurs on a monthly cycle Displays information in product units and
第十二页，共46页。
Master Planning of Resources, ve
2. Demand Planning Phase
Sales and marketing staff review Step 1 information
Generate a new or updated existing forecast
Sales and Operations Planning
Financial Plan
Engineering Plan
Marketing Plan
Backlog Plan
Business Plan
Human Resource Plan
Sales Plan
Production Plan
Inventory Plan
Master Planning of Resources, ver.
3. Supply Planning Phase
Operations staff review Step 2 information Review current operations plans for
外贸B2B网站的十点基本要素CrissShare
外贸B2B⽹站的⼗点基本要素CrissShare 外贸B2B⽹站产品页⾯的10个必备要素Criss March 19, 2015 外贸建站, 外贸⽹络营销 5条评论外贸B2B⽹站的产品页⾯，是外贸B2B⽹站的核⼼之⼀（⽽对于B2C我想可以把之⼀去掉），你的⽹站访客（潜在客户）通过类似“landing page-产品分类-具体产品页⾯”的⽹站浏览流程（当然不是所有浏览都是按照这样的轨迹进⾏，也有可能直接登陆到你的具体产品页⾯。
）⼤部分的转化（询盘）相信都是在浏览过⽹站的具体产品页⾯（product destination page）之后才落实的，外贸B2B说⽩了其实就是国外客户在找产品，客户能在浏览过你的外贸⽹站后发出询盘，必然是在你的⽹站上获取了你们公司能够满⾜他的需求的“积极信号”，⽽这个信号绝⼤多数情况下就源⾃于你的产品页⾯，客户发现了他正在找的产品或者类似的产品。
所以外贸B2B⽹站的具体产品页⾯⾄关重要，它能否⾮常到位的提供客户正在寻找的信息，你的产品页⾯是否能有效的进⾏询盘转化？不如我们来对⽐下⽂的这10点外贸B2B⽹站具体产品页⾯的成功要素，来检验⼀下⾃⼰的⽹站产品页⾯是否合格？1. 产品图⽚在具体产品页⾯，图⽚向来访者传递了最直观的视觉印象，并且基于这个印象，来访者会很快决定这个⽹页是否值得他们继续浏览或者更为深⼊的了解。
产品页⾯的产品图⽚质量对于⽹站整体的的建⽴极其重要，所以请慎重选择产品页⾯上的产品图⽚或者相应的视觉展⽰。
想要获取最理想的选择，你必须先对你的访问者的浏览习惯和偏好有⼀个深⼊的了解（你的客户喜欢看到什么样的图⽚？），然后选择⼀张或者多张能够清楚的传达哪些要点的图⽚。
这⼀点对于那些有实体的产品来说是相对简单的，例如家装类产品，但是对于⼀些没有实体或者实体相对来说不容易拍摄的产品或者服务来说就要复杂⼀些（当然⽬前⼤部分外贸B2B企业都是有实体产品的，相对来说⽊有这⽅⾯太多的烦恼）。
IBM B2B集成软件条件、挑战与解决方案说明书
Benefits of Automating The Buy-Sell-Ship-Pay Process
Administrative Cost Reductions
• 30% - 60% Hard Dollar Savings
Real-Time Order Processing
incorrect order information.
Improved Customer Service
• Customer Service staff can spend 50% of their time entering data. In these cases: Customers suffer, upselling and cross-selling suffers, job satisfaction suffers.
Achieve operational excellence in MFT- Reduce interruptions of key business processes
© 2012 IBM Corporation
Projects to make you more successful…
Connect to your trading partners - through direct connections for high-volume trading partners
7
© 2012 IBM Corporation
Projects to strengthen your B2B capabilities
B2B Integration
Connect to your trading partners - through direct connections for high-volume trading partners
中英对照Strategic_Sales_Leadership
7
Managers versus leaders 管理人员与领导者
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Managers have employees 销售经理手下有员工 Managers react to change 销售经理对变化做出反应 Managers have good ideas 销售经理拥有好主意 Managers communicate 销售经理善于沟通 Managers direct groups 销售经理指挥团队 Managers try to be heroes 销售经理争做英雄 Managers take credit 销售经理风光无限 Managers exercise power over people 销售经理对员工行使权力 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Reality Check…….Suspend Judgment 审时度势……保留判断 - Culture: “Sacred Cows Make the Best Hamburgers” - 文化理念：“圣牛的肉做出的汉堡味道最美”（语出马克·吐温，意指没有什么神圣不可
侵犯，大胆地创新改革吧）
• • Process Focus……Content is Yours 重视过程……内容由您自行决定 - Insanity: “Doing the same thing over and over again but expecting different results.” - 极端愚蠢的行为：“一遍一遍地做着相同的事情，却期待能有不同的结果。” - Focus: “We can do anything but we cannot do everything” - 专注：“我们可以做任何事情，但却不能什么都做。” - Priority: “Busy does not equal produt of Paper……Transformation of Sales Efforts 一张白纸……销售活动的转型 - What should my short term/long term strategies look like? - 我的短期（或长期）战略应该是怎样的？ - Take home……Actionable Recommendations/ROTI! - 带回家……可实施的建议或时间投资回报ROTI！ 2
参加教研活动记录英语(3篇)
第1篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Location]Participants: [List of Participants]Facilitator: [Name of Facilitator]Objective: To enhance teaching methods, share best practices, and explore innovative strategies in education.---IntroductionThe morning of [Insert Date] dawned with a sense of anticipation as the staff of [Insert School Name] gathered in the school's conference room for the monthly教研活动 (research and development activity). This month's focus was on "Innovative Teaching Techniques for Enhancing Student Engagement." The facilitator for the session was Ms. [Facilitator's Name], a renowned educator with extensive experience in curriculum development and classroom management.Agenda1. Welcome and Icebreaker Activity2. Introduction to the Topic3. Case Studies and Best Practices4. Interactive Workshops5. Group Discussions6. Feedback and Action Plan7. Closing Remarks---1. Welcome and Icebreaker ActivityThe session began with a warm welcome from the school principal, Mr. [Principal's Name], who emphasized the importance of continuous professional development in education. To break the ice, Ms.[Facilitator's Name] led a fun and engaging icebreaker activity where participants were asked to share their favorite teaching moments and what they found most rewarding about their profession.2. Introduction to the TopicMs. [Facilitator's Name] then introduced the topic of the day, highlighting the increasing need for innovative teaching methods to cater to the diverse learning styles and needs of students. She emphasized that traditional teaching methods, while effective in many cases, could be enhanced by incorporating modern technologies and interactive approaches.3. Case Studies and Best PracticesTo provide context and inspiration, Ms. [Facilitator's Name] shared several case studies of successful educational initiatives from around the world. These included examples of flipped classrooms, gamified learning, and project-based learning. The participants were particularly interested in a case study from a local school that had implemented a blended learning model, combining face-to-face instruction with online resources.4. Interactive WorkshopsThe workshop segment was designed to allow participants to engage in hands-on activities. Ms. [Facilitator's Name] led a workshop on how to create interactive lesson plans using multimedia tools such as videos, podcasts, and online simulations. The participants were divided into small groups and tasked with designing a lesson plan for a specifictopic in their subject area.5. Group DiscussionsFollowing the workshops, the participants engaged in group discussions to share their experiences and insights. The discussions were lively andproductive, with many participants offering innovative ideas and strategies. One group proposed the idea of incorporating virtual reality (VR) into their lessons to create immersive learning experiences.6. Feedback and Action PlanAt the end of the session, each group presented their lesson plans tothe rest of the participants. The feedback was constructive and provided valuable insights into how to improve the plans. Ms. [Facilitator's Name] then facilitated a session on creating an action plan for implementing the new teaching strategies in the classroom. The participants were encouraged to set specific goals and timelines for their projects.7. Closing RemarksThe session concluded with closing remarks from the school principal, who thanked the participants for their active participation and dedication. He also highlighted the importance of following through with the action plans and encouraged the staff to support each other in their professional growth.---ReflectionsThe教研活动 was a resounding success, with participants expressing a renewed sense of enthusiasm and motivation. The interactive workshopsand group discussions provided valuable opportunities for collaboration and knowledge sharing. The action plans created during the session will undoubtedly enhance the quality of teaching and learning at [Insert School Name].As the participants left the conference room, many were already discussing how they would implement the new strategies in their classrooms. The教研活动 had not only provided them with practical tools and techniques but also inspired them to think creatively about their roles as educators.In conclusion, the monthly教研活动 is a crucial component of the professional development process at [Insert School Name]. It fosters aculture of continuous improvement and innovation, ensuring that the students receive the highest quality education possible.第2篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Location]Duration: [Insert Duration]Participants: [Insert Names of Participants]Facilitator: [Insert Name of Facilitator]Objective: To enhance teaching methods and share best practices in [Subject Area].---I. IntroductionThe research and development activity was initiated with a brief introduction by the facilitator, [Facilitator's Name], who emphasized the importance of continuous professional development in the field of education. The objective of the session was to explore innovative teaching techniques and share successful strategies that could be implemented in our classrooms.II. Agenda OverviewThe agenda for the day was as follows:1. Opening Remarks and Icebreaker Activity2. Session on Innovative Teaching Techniques3. Workshop on Technology Integration4. Group Discussion on Classroom Management5. Case Studies and Best Practices Sharing6. Feedback and Closure---III. Opening Remarks and Icebreaker ActivityThe facilitator started the session with a warm welcome and introduced the participants to the day's agenda. To break the ice, a fun and interactive icebreaker activity was conducted. Participants were asked to share a teaching moment that they found particularly rewarding or challenging. This exercise not only helped in building rapport among the participants but also sparked a lively discussion on various teaching experiences.IV. Session on Innovative Teaching TechniquesThe first session focused on innovative teaching techniques.[Facilitator's Name] presented a variety of methods such as project-based learning, flipped classrooms, and inquiry-based learning. Each technique was explained in detail, with examples of how they could be effectively implemented in the classroom. Participants were encouraged to discuss their thoughts and share any experiences they had with these methods.V. Workshop on Technology IntegrationFollowing the session on teaching techniques, a workshop on technology integration was conducted. The facilitator demonstrated various educational tools and platforms that could be used to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. Participants were divided into small groups to explore these tools and discuss how they could be incorporated into their teaching practices. Some of the tools discussed included:- Interactive Whiteboards: Enhancing classroom discussions and collaborative learning.- Online Learning Platforms: Providing access to resources and facilitating asynchronous learning.- Educational Apps: Engaging students in interactive and personalized learning experiences.VI. Group Discussion on Classroom ManagementThe next segment of the activity was a group discussion on classroom management. Participants shared their strategies for maintaining a positive and productive learning environment. Topics covered included setting clear expectations, managing behavior, and fostering a sense of community within the classroom. The group also delved into the challenges faced in implementing effective classroom management and brainstormed potential solutions.VII. Case Studies and Best Practices SharingTo provide practical insights, the facilitator presented a series of case studies highlighting successful teaching practices from various schools. Each case study was followed by a discussion, where participants analyzed the strategies used and discussed how they could be adapted to their own teaching environments. This section was particularly insightful, as it allowed participants to draw inspiration from real-life examples.VIII. Feedback and ClosureTowards the end of the day, participants were asked to provide feedback on the activity. The facilitator collected suggestions for future sessions and addressed any concerns raised by the participants. The session concluded with a summary of the key takeaways and a reminder of the importance of ongoing professional development in education.IX. ReflectionsAs a participant in the research and development activity, I found the day to be highly informative and engaging. The opportunity to learn about new teaching techniques, discuss classroom management strategies, and share best practices with my colleagues was invaluable. I particularly appreciated the interactive nature of the workshop, which allowed me to gain hands-on experience with educational tools and platforms.In conclusion, the research and development activity was a successful event that not only enhanced my teaching skills but also provided me with a wealth of resources and ideas to implement in my classroom. I look forward to applying the knowledge gained and continuing my journey towards becoming an exceptional educator.---End of Record第3篇Date: [Insert Date]Location: [Insert Venue]Duration: [Insert Duration]Participants: [Insert Names of Participants]Facilitator: [Insert Name of Facilitator]Objective: To enhance teaching methodologies and share innovative ideas in the field of [Insert Subject Area].---I. IntroductionThe morning of [Insert Date] began with a sense of anticipation as the [Subject Area] Department gathered at [Insert Venue] for the monthly教研活动 (research and development activity). This month's focus was on exploring new teaching strategies and discussing the implementation of technology in the classroom. The facilitator for the day was[Facilitator's Name], who is renowned for his innovative approach to education.II. Welcome and Opening RemarksThe session commenced with a warm welcome from [Facilitator's Name], who emphasized the importance of continuous professional development and the sharing of best practices among colleagues. He highlighted theobjectives of the day and encouraged participants to actively engage in discussions and activities.III. Session 1: Innovative Teaching StrategiesThe first session focused on innovative teaching strategies that could be integrated into our daily lessons. [Facilitator's Name] began by sharing a case study of a successful project-based learning (PBL) initiative from his previous school. He discussed the benefits of PBL, such as enhancing critical thinking skills and fostering student autonomy.Participants then engaged in a group activity, where they were tasked with brainstorming and sharing their own ideas for PBL projects relevant to their subject area. The groups presented their ideas, and the following were some of the notable suggestions:1. Environmental Science Class: A PBL project on sustainable living, where students would design and implement a community garden.2. Mathematics Class: A PBL project on real-world applications of algebra, where students would create a business plan for a local café.3. History Class: A PBL project on the impact of historical events on modern society, where students would create a documentary on a chosen topic.IV. Session 2: Technology in the ClassroomThe second session delved into the use of technology in the classroom. [Facilitator's Name] began by discussing the importance of digital literacy and the need for educators to adapt to the digital age. He then introduced several tools and platforms that could be utilized to enhance student learning:1. Interactive Whiteboards: These tools allow for dynamic and engaging lessons, as they can be used for collaborative activities andinteractive quizzes.2. Online Learning Platforms: Platforms such as Google Classroom and Moodle provide a space for students to submit assignments, participatein discussions, and access resources.3. Educational Apps: Apps like Kahoot! and Quizizz can be used for interactive quizzes and revision sessions.Participants were encouraged to share their own experiences with technology in the classroom. Several teachers highlighted the benefits of using educational apps for formative assessment and student engagement.V. Breakout SessionsTo further explore the topics discussed, the participants were divided into smaller groups for breakout sessions. Each group focused on a specific aspect of the session, and the following were some of the activities conducted:1. Group 1: Developed a lesson plan incorporating a PBL project in their subject area.2. Group 2: Discussed the best practices for integrating interactive whiteboards into their teaching.3. Group 3: Shared their experiences with online learning platforms and brainstormed ways to improve their usage.VI. Feedback and ReflectionAt the end of the day, participants provided feedback on the activities and shared their reflections on the sessions. The overall feedback was positive, with many teachers expressing a newfound enthusiasm for incorporating innovative teaching strategies and technology into their lessons.VII. ConclusionThe教研活动 concluded with a closing speech from [Facilitator's Name], who thanked the participants for their active participation and sharedinsights. He emphasized the importance of ongoing collaboration and the continuous pursuit of excellence in teaching.The day's activities were indeed enriching, and it was heartening to see the teachers' dedication to improving their craft. As we move forward, we look forward to implementing the new ideas and strategies discussed during the教研活动, and we are confident that our students will benefit from the enhanced learning experiences.---Note: This record has been compiled based on the observations and notes taken during the教研活动. It is intended to serve as a reference for future discussions and reflections on the day's events.。
品类管理流程英文版cmae
SKILLS NEEDED TO BUILD BUSINESS Definition THROUGH CATEGORY MANAGEMENT
Data analysis and technical mastery Shopper and consumer understanding Strategy development Financial and logistics expertise Innovation Total Systems Focus
Process
Key Questions in Conducting a Category Assessment (continued)
Definition
Efficient New Product Development
Efficient
CATEGORY Efficient
Replenishment MANAGEMENT Promotion
Efficient Stor e Assortment
Category Management as a Business Process is comprised of interrelated components both within and outside of the organization.
Why is it beneficial for Retailers and
Definition
Manufacturers to Invest in Category Management?
Helps Retailers Define customer needs Determine strategic issues Enhance category and store profits
英语教师实践教学周志(3篇)
第1篇MondayToday marked the beginning of my first week of teaching practice as an English teacher. I was nervous but excited to meet my students and get started. I arrived early to the school, ensuring that I had all the necessary materials and lesson plans in order. My mentor teacher, Mrs. Thompson, greeted me warmly and introduced me to the class.The class consisted of 30 students, ranging from 14 to 17 years old. They were a diverse group, with varying levels of English proficiency. I took a moment to introduce myself and explained that I would be working with them for the next few weeks. I assured them that we would have fun while learning and that my goal was to help them improve their English skills.TuesdayToday, I focused on getting to know my students better. I started with a simple icebreaker activity, asking them to introduce themselves in English. Some were shy, but many were eager to speak. I took note of their names and some common phrases they used. This activity helped me understand their level of comfort with the language and theirwillingness to participate.For the main part of the lesson, I introduced the topic of "Hobbies and Interests." I began by asking the students to write down their favorite hobbies in their notebooks. Then, we shared these with the class, which led to a lively discussion. I used this opportunity to introduce new vocabulary and phrases related to hobbies, such as "enjoy," "passion," and "spend time doing."WednesdayI decided to integrate technology into my teaching today. I used an interactive whiteboard to create a mind map of the vocabulary we had learned in the previous lesson. This allowed the students to visually see the connections between the words and understand their meaningsbetter. I also incorporated a short video related to hobbies, which served as a fun way to reinforce the vocabulary.To practice speaking, I divided the class into small groups and asked them to create a presentation about their hobbies. Each group had to use the new vocabulary and phrases they had learned. This activity not only improved their speaking skills but also boosted their confidence in presenting in English.ThursdayToday, I focused on reading skills. I chose a short passage about a famous hobby, such as painting or hiking, and asked the students to read it silently first. Then, we discussed the main ideas and details of the passage. I used comprehension questions to check their understanding and encouraged them to use the target vocabulary in their responses.To further develop their reading skills, I introduced a reading strategy called "skimming and scanning." I demonstrated how to quickly find specific information in a text and asked the students to practice this skill using a different passage. This exercise helped them become more efficient readers.FridayThe week concluded with a review of the vocabulary and grammar we had covered. I used a variety of activities, such as matching exercises and word searches, to reinforce the concepts. To keep the students engaged, I also included a game where they had to form sentences using the new vocabulary.In the final minutes of class, I asked the students to reflect on their learning experience over the past week. Many expressed that they had enjoyed the activities and felt more confident in their English skills.I encouraged them to continue practicing outside of class and to set personal goals for their language development.ReflectionThis first week of teaching practice has been an incredible experience.I have learned so much about my students and how to effectively teach them English. I have also discovered that incorporating different teaching methods and technologies can make the learning process more engaging and enjoyable for my students.I am looking forward to the challenges and opportunities that the coming weeks will bring. I plan to continue focusing on building rapport with my students, improving their language skills, and making the learning experience as meaningful and enjoyable as possible.第2篇Date: September 1st - September 7th, 2023Introduction:This week marks the beginning of my teaching practice as an English teacher. I am excited to embark on this journey and apply the theories and methods I have learned in my teacher education program to the real-world classroom setting. This week's focus is on familiarizing myself with the students, the curriculum, and the school environment.Monday, September 1st:Morning Session:- Arrived at the school early to meet with my mentor teacher, Mrs. Smith. We discussed the school's expectations, the curriculum, and the students in my class.- Met with the class for the first time. Introduced myself and shared a few fun facts about myself to make a positive first impression.- Conducted a brief icebreaker activity to help the students feel more comfortable in the new environment. We played "Two Truths and a Lie" to get to know each other better.Afternoon Session:- Observed Mrs. Smith's class to understand her teaching style and the dynamics of the classroom.- Assisted in a group activity where students worked on identifying different types of sentences. This gave me an opportunity to observe how students interact with each other and how they engage with the material.Evening Reflection:- Focused on understanding the school's grading system and the importance of maintaining consistent expectations for all students.- Made a list of potential activities and lessons I could use in my own classes to make the learning process more engaging.Tuesday, September 2nd:Morning Session:- Taught my first lesson. The topic was "Present Tense." I used a PowerPoint presentation to introduce the vocabulary and structure, followed by a series of exercises to reinforce the learning.- Assisted students in completing the exercises and provided individualized feedback to ensure they understood the concepts.Afternoon Session:- Observed a different class to compare teaching styles and strategies. Noted the effectiveness of using technology in the classroom and the importance of student participation.- Participated in a professional development session with the English department. Learned about the latest teaching trends and best practices in English language teaching.Evening Reflection:- Reflected on the strengths and areas for improvement in my teaching. Recognized the need to better manage classroom time and provide more opportunities for student interaction.Wednesday, September 3rd:Morning Session:- Led a discussion on "Hobbies" using the present continuous tense. Encouraged students to share their interests and practiced forming questions and responses.- Used a variety of teaching aids, including flashcards, whiteboard activities, and group work, to keep the students engaged.Afternoon Session:- Collaborated with Mrs. Smith to plan an upcoming project-based learning activity. This involved researching and preparing materials for the students to work on in groups.- Assisted in grading the students' homework to ensure a consistent approach to feedback.Evening Reflection:- Reflected on the importance of providing meaningful feedback that helps students understand their strengths and areas for improvement.- Developed a plan to incorporate more technology into my lessons to enhance student engagement.Thursday, September 4th:Morning Session:- Conducted a review session for an upcoming quiz. Used a variety of teaching methods, including quizzes, flashcards, and group discussions, to reinforce the material.- Observed the effectiveness of different teaching methods in ensuring that all students understand the material.Afternoon Session:- Met with individual students to discuss their progress and address any concerns they may have.- Continued planning the project-based learning activity, ensuring that all resources and materials were in place.Evening Reflection:- Focused on the importance of creating a positive and supportive classroom environment.- Recognized the need to balance the use of technology with more traditional teaching methods to cater to different learning styles.Friday, September 5th:Morning Session:- Taught a lesson on "Past Tense" using a storytelling approach. Encouraged students to create their own stories, which helped them practice forming past tense sentences.- Used interactive whiteboard activities to keep the students engaged and provide immediate feedback.Afternoon Session:- Observed a class focused on grammar. Noted the teacher's use of real-life examples to make the material more relatable and understandable.- Assisted in organizing the classroom for the upcoming project-based learning activity.Evening Reflection:- Reflected on the importance of differentiating instruction to meet the needs of diverse learners.- Developed a plan to provide additional support to students who are struggling with the material.Saturday, September 6th:- Spent the day reviewing the week's lessons and preparing materials for the upcoming week. Ensured that all lessons were well-planned and aligned with the curriculum.Sunday, September 7th:- Reflective Day:- Reflected on the entire week, noting the successes and challenges encountered. Focused on areas for growth and improvement.- Made a list of goals for the upcoming week, including refining teaching techniques, improving classroom management, and fostering a positive learning environment.Conclusion:This first week of teaching practice has been both challenging and rewarding. I have learned so much about myself as a teacher and about the importance of creating a supportive and engaging classroom environment. I am excited to continue this journey and look forward to the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead.第3篇Date: September 1, 2023MondayMorning Session: Introduction to the CourseToday marked the first day of the new semester, and I was excited to meet my new students. The morning session was dedicated to introducing the course and setting the expectations for the semester. I started with a brief icebreaker activity to get to know the students' names and backgrounds. This helped to create a more relaxed and welcoming atmosphere.After the icebreaker, I introduced the course outline, emphasizing the importance of communication skills, grammar, and vocabulary. I also shared the grading criteria and the importance of regular attendance andparticipation. The students seemed engaged and eager to learn, which was a great start.Lunch BreakDuring the lunch break, I had a chance to review the class list and familiarize myself with the students' names. This was crucial for me to remember who was in my class and to address them properly throughout the week.Afternoon Session: Grammar ReviewIn the afternoon, we delved into the first topic of the course: basic grammar. I began with a review of verb tenses, which is a fundamental concept for English learners. I used interactive PowerPoint slides and real-life examples to illustrate the different verb tenses. To reinforce the learning, I conducted a short quiz at the end of the session, which helped me gauge the students' understanding.TuesdayMorning Session: Vocabulary BuildingThis morning, we focused on vocabulary building. I introduced a new set of words related to daily life and common situations. I used a variety of teaching methods, including flashcards, word games, and group activities, to keep the students engaged. I also emphasized the importance of using new vocabulary in context and encouraged them to practice using the words in sentences.Lunch BreakDuring lunch, I met with a few students who had specific questions about the course material. I provided them with additional resources and guidance to help them catch up.Afternoon Session: Reading ComprehensionIn the afternoon, we shifted our focus to reading comprehension. I selected a short passage and guided the students through a series of questions to analyze the text. This activity helped them practiceidentifying main ideas, understanding the author's tone, and drawing conclusions from the text. The students were able to apply their grammar knowledge and vocabulary to better understand the passage.WednesdayMorning Session: Oral Communication SkillsThis morning, we focused on oral communication skills. I began with a role-play activity where students paired up and practiced having a conversation using the new vocabulary from the previous day. I walked around the classroom, providing feedback and suggestions to improvetheir fluency and pronunciation.Lunch BreakDuring lunch, I observed the students interacting with each other and noticed that the classroom atmosphere was becoming more relaxed and collaborative.Afternoon Session: Grammar PracticeIn the afternoon, we continued our grammar review with a focus on sentence structure. I used exercises and worksheets to help the students practice constructing sentences with different sentence types. This activity allowed them to apply what they had learned in a practical way and receive immediate feedback.ThursdayMorning Session: Listening ComprehensionThis morning, we worked on listening comprehension skills. I played a short audio clip and asked the students to summarize the main points. This exercise helped them practice listening for details and understanding the overall message. We then discussed the listening passage as a group, allowing everyone to share their thoughts and insights.Lunch BreakDuring lunch, I received positive feedback from the students regarding the teaching methods and the engaging activities. This was encouraging and made me feel more confident about my approach to teaching.Afternoon Session: Group ProjectIn the afternoon, I introduced a group project that required the students to work together to create a short presentation on a topic of their choice. This activity aimed to enhance their collaborative skills and encourage them to use the language they had learned in a more practical context. I provided guidelines and resources to help them get started.FridayMorning Session: Review and ReflectionThis morning, we reviewed the topics covered throughout the week. I used a quiz to assess the students' understanding of the new material and provided feedback on their performance. I also encouraged them toreflect on their learning experiences and share their thoughts with the class.Lunch BreakDuring lunch, I had a brief meeting with the school administration to discuss the overall progress of the students and to seek suggestions for improvement.Afternoon Session: Farewell and Planning for Next WeekIn the afternoon, we wrapped up the week with a farewell activity. I asked the students to write a short paragraph about what they had learned and what they were looking forward to in the coming weeks. This helped them consolidate their learning and set goals for the next stage of the course.As the week came to a close, I felt satisfied with the progress we had made. The students seemed to be engaging well with the material, and their participation and enthusiasm were commendable. I spent the eveningplanning for the next week, ensuring that the lessons would be well-structured and continue to challenge and inspire my students.。
business strategies相关英语
business strategies相关英语Business strategies refer to the plans and tactics that businesses use to achieve their long-term goals.These strategies may include approaches to marketing and sales,operational practices,financial management,and more.The key to an effective business strategy is to align the goals and objectives with a clear understanding of the industry,the competition,and the customers.In this article,we will explore various business strategies and their components that can help businesses succeed and thrive.1.Marketing StrategyTo succeed in today's marketplace,a company must have a clear and compelling marketing strategy.This includes developing a brand positioning,targeting the right audience,and creating messaging that resonates with consumers.A marketing strategy should also include tactics for distributing products or services,such as advertising,public relations,social media,events,and sponsorships.2.Sales StrategyA sales strategy involves identifying and implementing tactics to help businesses sell products or services more effectively.This may include defining sales targets,creating a sales process,and training sales staff to close deals.Additionally,businesses may use technology such as customer relationship management(CRM)tools to track the sales process and improve customer interactions.3.Product Development StrategyA product development strategy is essential for businesses that aim to bring innovative and competitive products or services to market.This strategy may involve researching customer needs,developing new products,or improving existing ones.Additionally,businesses may use product testing and customer feedback to refine their offerings over time.4.Operational StrategyAn operational strategy involves optimizing the management of resources and processes to ensure efficient and effective operations.This may include streamlining production processes, logistics,and supply chain management to reduce costs and increase the speed of delivery.Additionally,businesses may use technology such as enterprise resource planning(ERP)tools to help manage their operations and gain insights into their performance.5.Financial StrategyA financial strategy involves planning and managing finances to achieve long-term goals. This may involve setting budgets,managing cash flow,investing in profitable opportunities,and minimizing debt.Additionally,businesses may use financial reports and analysis to identify areas for improvement and make strategic decisions based on financial data.6.Human Resources StrategyA human resources strategy involves managing the people within a business to achieve success.This may include recruiting and training employees,creating a positive workplace culture, and offering competitive compensation and benefits packages.Additionally,businesses may use performance reviews and employee feedback to improve employee engagement and promote career development.In conclusion,a successful business strategy is a comprehensive approach that takes into account marketing,sales,product development,operations,finance,and human resources.By developing and implementing a strategy that is aligned with clear goals and objectives, businesses can position themselves for long-term success in today's competitive marketplace.。
Session7预测
8
Session 7 Forecasting
Delphi Method 德尔菲法
选择具有不同知识背景的参与专家. 通过问卷调查（或电子邮件）从专家处获得预 测信息 汇总调查结果，附加新的问题重新发给专家 再次汇总，提炼预测结果和条件，再次形成新 问题 如有必要，重复前一步骤，将最终结果发给所 有专家
Session 7 Forecasting
实际应用
Forecasting Economic Trends 经济趋势预测
美国劳工部（US Department of Labor）与一家 咨询公司签订了一项协议，开发失业保险经济预 测模型（UIEFM），这个模型现在已经被全国各 州的就业安全机构所使用。通过对基本经济因素 如失业率、工资水平、失业保险所覆盖的劳动力 人数等的预计，UIEFM预测一个州要支付多少失 业保险金。通过对州失业保险基金税收收入的预 计，UIEFM还能够预测基金10年的收支
Session 7 Forecasting
实际应用
Forecasting Staffing Needs 雇员需求预测
联合航空公司（United Airlines）在它的11个预定 处拥有超过4000名预定销售代理及支持人员，在 10个最大的机场有大约1000名顾客服务代理人， 一个计算机化的计划系统已被用来为这些雇员设 计工作计划。尽管一些其他的管理科学技术（包 括线性规划）也被应用于系统中，但是对雇员需 求的统计预测仍是一个关键的部分。这个系统除 了每年为公司节省超过600万美元的开支以外，还 改进了顾客服务，减少了对直接人员的需求
5
Session 7 Forecasting
Components of Demand 需求的构成
英语教研活动主持稿夏天(3篇)
第1篇Good morning/afternoon/evening! It is with great pleasure and enthusiasm that I stand before you today to preside over our English teaching and research activity. As we gather here today in the beautiful summer season, let us embrace the warmth and energy that this season brings and apply it to our pursuit of excellence in English education.Firstly, I would like to extend my warmest welcome to all the participants of this activity. Your presence here signifies your dedication and commitment to the field of English education. I am confident that through our collective efforts and shared insights, we will be able to enhance our teaching skills and foster a deeper understanding of English language and literature.Before we dive into the main program, let me take a moment to introduce the agenda for today’s activity. We have a series of engaging sessions planned, including workshops, guest lectures, and panel discussions. Each session is designed to provide valuable insights and practical strategies that can be implemented in our classrooms.Session 1: Welcome and Opening RemarksTo kick off our activity, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all participants. It is truly an honor to have you here. I would also like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the organizing committee for their tireless efforts in making this event possible.Session 2: Workshop on Effective Classroom ManagementOur first workshop will focus on effective classroom management techniques. This session is crucial for all teachers, as a well-managed classroom is conducive to learning. Our facilitator, Mr. [Facilitator’s Name], will share practical strategies and techniques that can help create a positive and engaging learning environment.Session 3: Guest Lecture on Innovative Teaching MethodsNext, we have a guest lecture by Dr. [Guest Speaker’s Name], an esteemed educator and researcher in the field of English education. Dr.[Guest Speaker’s Name] will discuss innovative teaching methods that can enhance student engagement and promote critical thinking skills. Attendees will have the opportunity to ask questions and engage in a lively discussion with the guest speaker.Session 4: Panel Discussion on Challenges and Solutions in English Language TeachingOur panel discussion will feature a panel of experts in the field of English language teaching. They will share their insights on the challenges faced by English teachers and discuss practical solutions to address these challenges. Attendees will have the opportunity to contribute their own experiences and ideas during this interactive session.Session 5: Workshop on Technology Integration in English TeachingIn today’s digital age, technology plays a significant role in education. Our next workshop will focus on integrating technology into English teaching. We will explore various tools and resources that can enhance student learning and engagement. Our facilitator, Ms. [Facilitator’s Name], will guide us through the process ofincorporating technology effectively into our teaching practices.Session 6: Interactive Group ActivityTo promote collaboration and networking among participants, we have planned an interactive group activity. Attendees will be divided into small groups, and each group will be given a task to work on. This activity aims to foster creativity, teamwork, and exchange of ideas.Session 7: Closing Remarks and Award DistributionAs we come to the end of our activity, I would like to take a moment to thank all participants for their active participation and contributions. The knowledge and insights gained today will undoubtedly benefit our teaching practices and the students we serve.Before we conclude, we have a special award distribution ceremony to recognize the outstanding contributions of our colleagues. Therecipients of this year’s awards are [Awardee 1], [Awardee 2], and [Awardee 3]. Please join me in congratulating them for their exceptional dedication and achievements in the field of English education.Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed colleagues, and friends, as we conclude this English teaching and research activity, let us carry forward the knowledge and inspiration we have gained today. Let us continue tostrive for excellence in our teaching practices and contribute to the development of English education in our respective institutions and communities.Thank you for your attention and participation. I wish you a wonderful and productive day ahead. Have a great summer, and let us meet again next year to share our progress and insights.Thank you!第2篇Good morning/afternoon/evening! It is with great pleasure that I stand before you today to welcome you all to our English Research and Teaching Activity. As we step into the vibrant and lively season of summer, it is fitting that we gather to explore and enhance our teaching methodologies and strategies in the field of English education.Firstly, let me express my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who have dedicated their time and efforts to this event. Your presence here today signifies your commitment to the continuous improvement of our teaching practices and the overall development of our students.Now, let us embark on this exciting journey of knowledge sharing and professional growth. The purpose of this activity is to provide a platform for us to exchange ideas, discuss innovative teaching techniques, and explore new resources that can help us deliver more effective and engaging English lessons.The program for today’s event is as follows:1. Opening Remarks2. Keynote Speech3. Workshop Sessions4. Group Discussions5. Panel Discussion6. Wrap-up and Conclusion1. Opening RemarksLadies and gentlemen, let us begin with the opening remarks. I wouldlike to extend a warm welcome to all of you. We are gathered here today to celebrate the spirit of collaboration, innovation, and continuous improvement in English education. It is through these gatherings that we can collectively strive to create a more vibrant and dynamic learning environment for our students.Before we dive into the program, I would like to highlight the importance of English as a global language. In today’s interconnected world, proficiency in English is a valuable asset that opens doors to numerous opportunities. As educators, it is our responsibility to equip our students with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in this global landscape.2. Keynote SpeechNext, we have the honor of hosting a renowned English language expert, Dr. [Name], who will deliver a keynote speech on "The Role of Technology in English Language Teaching." Dr. [Name] is a distinguished professor and researcher in the field of English language education, with extensive experience in integrating technology into the classroom.During the speech, Dr. [Name] will discuss the various ways in which technology can enhance our teaching practices, promote student engagement, and cater to diverse learning styles. She will also share insights on the challenges and best practices associated with incorporating technology in English language teaching.3. Workshop SessionsAfter the keynote speech, we will move on to the workshop sessions. These sessions are designed to provide hands-on experience and practical guidance on various aspects of English language teaching. The workshops will be conducted by experts in the field, and participants will have the opportunity to engage in interactive activities and discussions.The workshops include:a) "Effective Strategies for Teaching Reading Comprehension"b) "Innovative Techniques for Engaging Students in Writing"c) "Oral Communication Skills: Building Confidence and Fluency"d) "Using Technology to Enhance English Language Learning"4. Group DiscussionsFollowing the workshop sessions, we will have group discussions. This is an excellent opportunity for participants to share their experiences, challenges, and success stories in English language teaching. We encourage everyone to actively participate in these discussions, as the exchange of ideas can lead to new insights and innovative approaches.5. Panel DiscussionTo conclude the main program, we will have a panel discussion on "The Future of English Language Teaching." The panel will consist of experts from various educational backgrounds, including teachers, researchers, and administrators. They will discuss the emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in the field of English language education.During the panel discussion, participants will have the chance to ask questions and engage in a lively debate on the future direction of English language teaching. This will provide us with valuable insights into the evolving landscape of our profession.6. Wrap-up and ConclusionAs we come to the end of today’s event, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the participants, speakers, and organizers fortheir contributions. The knowledge and experiences shared during this event will undoubtedly enhance our teaching practices and contribute to the overall improvement of English language education.Let us remember that the journey of professional growth is continuous, and we must always strive to stay updated with the latest trends and methodologies in our field. I encourage each and every one of you to continue seeking opportunities for learning and improvement, both within and beyond this event.In conclusion, I wish you all a productive and inspiring summer. May the knowledge and connections made today serve as a foundation for your continued success in the realm of English language teaching.Thank you for your attention, and have a wonderful day![Your Name][Your Position][Your Institution]第3篇Good morning! It is my great pleasure to stand before you today to host our English teaching and research activity. As we step into the summer season, we are here to explore new horizons, share our experiences, and deepen our understanding of English language teaching.First of all, let me extend a warm welcome to all the participants, including our esteemed guests, fellow teachers, and students. We are grateful for your presence here today, as your contributions andinsights will undoubtedly enrich our discussions and enhance our teaching practices.Today's activity is themed around "Summer and English Language Teaching." Summer, with its vibrant colors, warm sunshine, and pleasant weather, offers a unique opportunity for us to incorporate various teaching methods and activities into our English classes. So, without further ado, let's dive into the exciting program for today.I. Opening RemarksTo kick off our activity, I would like to invite our esteemed guest speaker, Dr. [Guest Speaker's Name], to deliver an opening speech. Dr. [Guest Speaker's Name] is a renowned expert in English language teaching and research, with extensive experience in both domestic and international settings.[Guest Speaker's Name], please take the stage and share your insights on the importance of summer in English language teaching.II. Panel Discussion: Summer Activities in English ClassesNext, we will have a panel discussion on the topic of "Summer Activities in English Classes." Our esteemed panelists, including teachers from different educational backgrounds, will share their experiences and best practices in incorporating summer-themed activities into their teaching.1. Welcome and introduction of the panelists2. Panel discussion: Sharing experiences and best practices3. Q&A session with the audienceIII. Workshops: Innovative Teaching Methods for SummerTo further enhance our teaching skills, we have arranged a series of workshops on innovative teaching methods for summer. These workshopswill provide practical tips and techniques that can be applied in our English classes during the summer months.1. Workshop 1: Summer-themed reading activities2. Workshop 2: Utilizing technology in summer English classes3. Workshop 3: Creative writing and storytelling in summer4. Workshop 4: Games and activities for summer English classesIV. Student Showcase: Summer English ProjectsAs part of our activity, we have invited students to showcase their summer English projects. These projects will highlight the creative and innovative ways in which students have utilized their English language skills during the summer break.1. Introduction to the student showcase2. Presentation of summer English projects3. Feedback and discussion with the audienceV. Keynote Speech: The Role of Summer in Language LearningTo conclude our activity, we have the honor of hosting a keynote speech on the topic of "The Role of Summer in Language Learning." Our keynote speaker, Dr. [Keynote Speaker's Name], will provide valuable insightsinto the benefits of summer for language learning and share strategiesfor maximizing the potential of this season.[Keynote Speaker's Name], please take the stage and share your perspectives on the role of summer in language learning.VI. Closing RemarksAs we draw the curtain on today's English teaching and research activity, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the participants, panelists, and speakers for their contributions and insights. Your dedication and commitment to the field of English language teaching are truly inspiring.Let us take away the valuable knowledge and experiences shared today,and apply them in our teaching practices to create a more engaging and effective learning environment for our students. May this summer season bring us new ideas, innovative approaches, and endless possibilities in English language teaching.Once again, thank you all for joining us today. We hope that thisactivity has been beneficial and thought-provoking for you. Have a wonderful summer, and we look forward to seeing you all at our next English teaching and research event.Thank you, and good day!。
英语组教研备课活动计划(3篇)
第1篇I. IntroductionThe purpose of this English Department research and preparation activity is to enhance the teaching quality and professional development of English teachers within our school. The plan aims to foster a collaborative environment where teachers can share ideas, discuss teaching strategies, and engage in activities that will ultimately improve student learning outcomes. This document outlines the objectives, activities, timeline, and evaluation methods for the upcoming activity.II. Objectives1. Enhance Teacher Knowledge: To deepen teachers' understanding of current educational theories and methodologies in English language teaching.2. Promote Collaboration: To foster a collaborative culture amongEnglish teachers, encouraging the sharing of best practices and resources.3. Improve Teaching Strategies: To explore and implement effective teaching strategies that cater to diverse learning styles and needs.4. Evaluate and Reflect: To provide a platform for teachers to evaluate their teaching practices and reflect on their professional growth.5. Student Learning Outcomes: To ultimately improve student engagement and achievement in English language learning.III. Activities1. Workshop on Current Educational Theories- Objective: To introduce teachers to the latest educational theories and their application in English language teaching.- Activity: A two-hour workshop featuring a guest speaker, followedby group discussions and case studies.- Date: Week 12. Interactive Lesson Planning Session- Objective: To enhance teachers' skills in creating engaging and effective lesson plans.- Activity: Small group sessions where teachers collaborate to plan a lesson based on a given theme or text.- Date: Week 23. Observation and Feedback- Objective: To provide teachers with opportunities to observe and learn from each other's teaching methods.- Activity: Peer observations followed by feedback sessions.- Date: Weeks 3-44. Flipped Classroom Demonstration- Objective: To introduce teachers to the flipped classroom model and its potential benefits.- Activity: A live demonstration of a flipped classroom lesson, followed by a discussion on its implementation.- Date: Week 55. Interactive English Language Activities- Objective: To explore innovative activities that can be used to engage students in English language learning.- Activity: A hands-on workshop where teachers participate in various English language activities.- Date: Week 66. Reflective Writing- Objective: To encourage teachers to reflect on their teaching practices and set personal goals for professional development.- Activity: Weekly reflective writing assignments on specific topics related to English language teaching.- Date: OngoingIV. Timeline- Week 1: Introduction to the activity, workshop on current educational theories.- Week 2: Interactive lesson planning session.- Weeks 3-4: Observation and feedback sessions.- Week 5: Flipped classroom demonstration.- Week 6: Interactive English language activities.- Ongoing: Reflective writing assignments.V. Evaluation1. Teacher Feedback: Collecting feedback from teachers regarding the effectiveness and relevance of each activity.2. Observation Reports: Assessing the quality of lesson plans and teaching strategies implemented by teachers during the activity.3. Reflective Writing: Evaluating the depth and insightfulness of teachers' reflective writing assignments.4. Student Performance: Monitoring student engagement and academic progress in English language classes to gauge the impact of theactivities on student learning.VI. ConclusionThis English Department research and preparation activity plan is designed to provide a comprehensive and engaging professional development experience for English teachers. By fostering collaboration, exploring innovative teaching strategies, and promoting reflection, weaim to enhance the quality of English language teaching and ultimately improve student learning outcomes.第2篇I. IntroductionThe English Department aims to enhance the quality of teaching and promote the professional development of its faculty through a series of well-structured and engaging教研备课活动. This plan outlines the objectives, activities, and schedule for our upcoming教研备课活动, which will focus on improving curriculum design, teaching methods, and assessment strategies.II. Objectives1. To enhance the understanding and application of the national curriculum standards for English education.2. To foster a collaborative environment among teachers, promoting knowledge sharing and peer support.3. To develop innovative teaching methods and strategies that cater to diverse learning styles and needs.4. To improve the effectiveness of classroom assessment and feedback mechanisms.5. To provide professional development opportunities for teachers to stay updated with the latest educational trends and technologies.III. ActivitiesA. Opening Session- Date: [Insert Date]- Duration: 1 hour- Objective: To introduce the purpose and structure of the教研备课活动.1. Welcome and introductions by the department head.2. Overview of the教研备课活动 schedule and objectives.3. Explanation of the roles and responsibilities of participants.B. Curriculum Analysis and Design- Date: [Insert Dates]- Duration: 2 hours per session- Objective: To analyze the current curriculum and design effective lesson plans.1. Group discussions on curriculum strengths and areas for improvement.2. Workshops on lesson plan development, including objectives, activities, and assessment methods.3. Sharing of best practices in curriculum design and implementation.C. Teaching Methodology Workshops- Date: [Insert Dates]- Duration: 1.5 hours per session- Objective: To explore and implement new teaching methodologies.1. Interactive sessions on cooperative learning, project-based learning, and flipped classrooms.2. Hands-on activities to practice new teaching techniques.3. Peer feedback on teaching methodologies and their effectiveness.D. Assessment and Feedback Mechanisms- Date: [Insert Dates]- Duration: 2 hours per session- Objective: To develop effective assessment and feedback strategies.1. Workshops on formative and summative assessment techniques.2. Discussion on feedback mechanisms and their impact on student learning.3. Sharing of assessment tools and resources.E. Technology Integration- Date: [Insert Dates]- Duration: 1.5 hours per session- Objective: To integrate technology into teaching and learning.1. Workshops on using educational technology tools, such as interactive whiteboards, online learning platforms, and educational apps.2. Demonstration of technology integration in lesson planning.3. Group projects to develop technology-enhanced lesson plans.F. Closing Session- Date: [Insert Date]- Duration: 1 hour- Objective: To reflect on the教研备课活动 and plan for future improvements.1. Feedback session on the effectiveness of the activities.2. Discussion on action plans for implementing new strategies and practices.3. Conclusion and appreciation of participa nts’ contributions.IV. Schedule[Please insert a detailed schedule with dates, times, and specific activities for each session.]V. EvaluationTo ensure the effectiveness of the教研备课活动, the followingevaluation methods will be employed:1. Participant feedback forms to assess the relevance and quality of the activities.2. Observation of teaching practices to identify areas of improvement.3. Pre- and post-activity assessments to measure changes in knowledgeand skills.VI. ConclusionThe English Department is committed to providing a high-quality educational experience for our students. Through this series of教研备课活动, we aim to foster a culture of continuous improvement and professional growth among our faculty. We believe that by working together, we can enhance the teaching and learning experience for all stakeholders involved.第3篇I. IntroductionThe purpose of this research and preparation activity plan is to outline the structure and objectives of the upcoming English department教研备课活动。
business strategy企业战略管理英文版(上海财经大学 董静)
• • • • •
Plan（计划） Pattern（模式） position（定位） Point (观念) Policy（计谋）
• • • • •
Design school Planning school Positioning school Entrepreneur school Resources school
2
•
Module Two: cases
– – – – – – –
1. Team work: case report 2. Requirement
Select one company or one industry Clear description of its strategy or practice Data Questions Content Format Effect
13
Market structure
strategy
activity
Performance
profit
14
Process of strategic management
Strategic analysis mission
External environment
Internal environment
• 《利家与阿松》中的前田利家 • IBM and Microsoft • The dilemma of innovators
21
Choice and balance
High/
Value Creation
by supply chain
increasing
替他人做嫁衣
Best
Low/ decreasing
the influence is widespread and revolutionary. • E.g.
商务英语与英语管理技术考试 选择题 63题
1. What does the acronym "B2B" stand for in the context of business?A. Business to BusinessB. Business to BuyerC. Business to BankD. Business to Broker2. Which of the following is a key component of effective communication in a business setting?A. Using jargonB. Speaking quicklyC. Active listeningD. Ignoring feedback3. In a business letter, what is the purpose of the salutation?A. To close the letterB. To introduce the topicC. To address the recipientD. To summarize the content4. What is the primary goal of a SWOT analysis?A. To identify financial risksB. To analyze market trendsC. To assess internal and external factorsD. To predict future sales5. Which of the following is an example of a fixed cost in business?A. Raw materialsB. RentC. Sales commissionsD. Shipping fees6. What does "P/E ratio" stand for in finance?A. Price to Earnings ratioB. Profit to Expense ratioC. Personal Equity ratioD. Projected Earnings ratio7. In a business presentation, what is the purpose of a Q&A session?A. To end the presentationB. To gather feedbackC. To answer questionsD. To introduce the speaker8. What is the main advantage of using email marketing?A. High costB. Limited reachC. PersonalizationD. Slow delivery9. Which of the following is a characteristic of a successful business plan?A. Lack of detailB. Vague objectivesC. Realistic goalsD. Overambitious targets10. What is the term for the process of analyzing data to extract meani ngful information?A. Data entryB. Data miningC. Data storageD. Data deletion11. In the context of project management, what does "Gantt chart" refer to?A. A financial reportB. A risk assessment toolC. A scheduling toolD. A communication plan12. What is the main purpose of a balance sheet in accounting?A. To track daily salesB. To show the financial position at a specific point in timeC. To forecast future revenueD. To record employee salaries13. Which of the following is an example of a variable cost in business?A. RentB. UtilitiesC. Raw materialsD. Insurance14. What does "ROI" stand for in business?A. Return on InvestmentB. Rate of InterestC. Revenue over IncomeD. Risk of Insolvency15. In a business negotiation, what is the role of a mediator?A. To take sidesB. To facilitate communicationC. To make decisionsD. To escalate conflicts16. What is the main goal of a marketing strategy?A. To increase costsB. To decrease brand awarenessC. To reach target audiencesD. To reduce product variety17. Which of the following is a key element of a business proposal?A. Vague objectivesB. Detailed solutionsC. General ideasD. Unrealistic promises18. What is the term for the process of setting up a new business?A. AcquisitionB. MergerC. StartupD. Downsizing19. In the context of international trade, what does "CIF" stand for?A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cash in FlightC. Currency Import FeeD. Commercial Invoice Form20. What is the main purpose of a business model?A. To describe the organizational structureB. To outline how a business creates, delivers, and captures valueC. To list employee benefitsD. To detail marketing strategies21. Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong brand?A. Lack of differentiationB. Consistent messagingC. Poor customer serviceD. Inconsistent quality22. What is the term for the process of evaluating the performance of a business?A. AuditingB. BenchmarkingC. BudgetingD. Branding23. In a business context, what does "KPI" stand for?A. Key Performance IndicatorB. Key Profit IndexC. Knowledge Process ImprovementD. Key Personnel Information24. What is the main purpose of a business report?A. To entertainB. To informC. To speculateD. To criticize25. Which of the following is an example of a capital expense?A. Office suppliesB. AdvertisingC. Equipment purchaseD. Employee training26. What does "EBITDA" stand for in finance?A. Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationB. Estimated Business Income and Tax Data AnalysisC. Expense Budgeting and Income Tracking DataD. Enterprise Business Integration and Technical Development27. In a business setting, what is the purpose of a memo?A. To announce a new productB. To communicate internallyC. To negotiate a contractD. To advertise externally28. What is the main goal of a business acquisition?A. To reduce market shareB. To expand operationsC. To decrease profitabilityD. To eliminate competition29. Which of the following is a key element of a business continuity pl an?A. Ignoring risksB. Detailed response strategiesC. Overlooking critical processesD. Focusing solely on profit30. What is the term for the process of combining two or more companies into one?A. AcquisitionB. MergerC. StartupD. Downsizing31. In the context of business ethics, what does "CSR" stand for?A. Corporate Social ResponsibilityB. Customer Service RepresentativeC. Cost Sharing RatioD. Competitive Strategy Report32. What is the main purpose of a business plan?A. To outline the company's vision and strategyB. To list employee salariesC. To detail marketing tacticsD. To describe the organizational chart33. Which of the following is a characteristic of a successful entrepre neur?A. Risk aversionB. InnovationC. Lack of persistenceD. Poor decision-making34. What is the term for the process of identifying and developing new business opportunities?A. Market researchB. Business developmentC. Financial analysisD. Strategic planning35. In a business context, what does "M&A" stand for?A. Marketing and AdvertisingB. Mergers and AcquisitionsC. Management and AdministrationD. Market and Audience36. What is the main goal of a business strategy?A. To maintain the status quoB. To achieve competitive advantageC. To reduce market shareD. To increase costs37. Which of the following is a key element of a business proposal?A. Vague objectivesB. Detailed solutionsC. General ideasD. Unrealistic promises38. What is the term for the process of setting up a new business?A. AcquisitionB. MergerC. StartupD. Downsizing39. In the context of international trade, what does "CIF" stand for?A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cash in FlightC. Currency Import FeeD. Commercial Invoice Form40. What is the main purpose of a business model?A. To describe the organizational structureB. To outline how a business creates, delivers, and captures valueC. To list employee benefitsD. To detail marketing strategies41. Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong brand?A. Lack of differentiationB. Consistent messagingC. Poor customer serviceD. Inconsistent quality42. What is the term for the process of evaluating the performance of a business?A. AuditingB. BenchmarkingC. BudgetingD. Branding43. In a business context, what does "KPI" stand for?A. Key Performance IndicatorB. Key Profit IndexC. Knowledge Process ImprovementD. Key Personnel Information44. What is the main purpose of a business report?A. To entertainB. To informC. To speculateD. To criticize45. Which of the following is an example of a capital expense?A. Office suppliesB. AdvertisingC. Equipment purchaseD. Employee training46. What does "EBITDA" stand for in finance?A. Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationB. Estimated Business Income and Tax Data AnalysisC. Expense Budgeting and Income Tracking DataD. Enterprise Business Integration and Technical Development47. In a business setting, what is the purpose of a memo?A. To announce a new productB. To communicate internallyC. To negotiate a contractD. To advertise externally48. What is the main goal of a business acquisition?A. To reduce market shareB. To expand operationsC. To decrease profitabilityD. To eliminate competition49. Which of the following is a key element of a business continuity pl an?A. Ignoring risksB. Detailed response strategiesC. Overlooking critical processesD. Focusing solely on profit50. What is the term for the process of combining two or more companies into one?A. AcquisitionB. MergerC. StartupD. Downsizing51. In the context of business ethics, what does "CSR" stand for?A. Corporate Social ResponsibilityB. Customer Service RepresentativeC. Cost Sharing RatioD. Competitive Strategy Report52. What is the main purpose of a business plan?A. To outline the company's vision and strategyB. To list employee salariesC. To detail marketing tacticsD. To describe the organizational chart53. Which of the following is a characteristic of a successful entrepre neur?A. Risk aversionB. InnovationC. Lack of persistenceD. Poor decision-making54. What is the term for the process of identifying and developing new business opportunities?A. Market researchB. Business developmentC. Financial analysisD. Strategic planning55. In a business context, what does "M&A" stand for?A. Marketing and AdvertisingB. Mergers and AcquisitionsC. Management and AdministrationD. Market and Audience56. What is the main goal of a business strategy?A. To maintain the status quoB. To achieve competitive advantageC. To reduce market shareD. To increase costs57. Which of the following is a key element of a business proposal?A. Vague objectivesB. Detailed solutionsC. General ideasD. Unrealistic promises58. What is the term for the process of setting up a new business?A. AcquisitionB. MergerC. StartupD. Downsizing59. In the context of international trade, what does "CIF" stand for?A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cash in FlightC. Currency Import FeeD. Commercial Invoice Form60. What is the main purpose of a business model?A. To describe the organizational structureB. To outline how a business creates, delivers, and captures valueC. To list employee benefitsD. To detail marketing strategies61. Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong brand?A. Lack of differentiationB. Consistent messagingC. Poor customer serviceD. Inconsistent quality62. What is the term for the process of evaluating the performance of a business?A. AuditingB. BenchmarkingC. BudgetingD. Branding63. In a business context, what does "KPI" stand for?A. Key Performance IndicatorB. Key Profit IndexC. Knowledge Process ImprovementD. Key Personnel Information答案：1. A2. C3. C4. C5. B6. A7. C8. C9. C10. B11. C12. B13. C14. A15. B16. C17. B18. C19. A20. B21. B22. B23. A24. B25. C26. A27. B28. B29. B30. B31. A32. A33. B34. B35. B36. B37. B38. C39. A40. B41. B42. B43. A44. B45. C46. A47. B48. B49. B50. B51. A52. A53. B54. B55. B56. B57. B58. C59. A60. B61. B62. B63. A。
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• Knowledge management
– Intentional collection, classification, and dissemination of information about a company, its products, and its processes
E-Government
•
– 1.
Direct materials（直接物料）
Materials that become part of the finished product in a manufacturing process Replenishment purchasing (补货采购/合同采购)
• The company negotiates long-term contracts for most of the materials that it will need
5.1.3 Logistics Activities
• Objective of logistics
– To provide the right goods in the right quantities in the right place at the right time
• Include managing
• Procurement （采购）
– Includes all purchasing activities, plus monitoring of all elements of purchase transactions
• Supply management
– Term used to describe procurement activities
• MRO的采购对于许多企业来说都是一个大问题， 电子采购恰好可以解决这个问题；
买方市场与采购管理
• 采购管理的革新： 借助Web实施的策略包括：
– – – – – – – – – – – 电子化招标 批量采购 从经过核准的供应商处购买 将供应商的目录和购买者的网站整合在一起 选择适当的供应商 团体购买 根据表现给企业奖励 提高现有供应商的质量 进行合同谈判 与供应商建立伙伴关系 以及减少纸张和管理成本。
• Use of electronic commerce by governments and government agencies to
– Perform functions for their stakeholders – Employ people, buy supplies from vendors, and distribute benefit payments – Collect taxes and fees from constituents
5.2 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
• EDI is the computer-to-computer transfer of business information between two businesses • EDI compatible firms are firms that exchange data in specific standard formats
买方市场与采购管理
• 间接物资 — 间接物资MRO采购中的低效率：
– 采购管理：企业购买的约80%的商品（绝大部分用于 MRO）仅占总购买金额的20%。 – 对于20%的高价值商品，采购人员需要花大量时间和 精力进行上游采购活动，如供应商资格的审查、价格 和条款的谈判、与战略供应商建立和谐关系，以及对 供应商进行评估和检查。 – 如果采购人员整天忙于处理MRO这样的低价值商品的 细节问题，他们就没有时间关注高价值的商品。
IMPACT OF B2B SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION ON ENTERPRISES !!
4
5.1 Purchasing, Logistics, and Support Activities
• Purchasing activities（采买活动）
– Include identifying vendors, evaluating vendors, selecting specific products, and placing orders
– 采购部以电子化方式从内部顾客接受请求，通过因特网向遍布全 球的供应商发送询价单。
– 系统可以自动调出正确的图纸并附到电子询价表上。 – 在采购部开始处理过程两小时后，供应商将得到RFQ通知，在7天 内准备自己的报价并通过外联网发送到GE。 – 该报价再通过内联网传送给适当的评估人，并可订元的货物。
• Strategies that businesses use to improve purchasing, logistics, and other support activities • Electronic data interchange and how it works
• How businesses are moving electronic data interchange operations to the Internet.
Purchasing, Logistics, and Support Activities (continued)
• Sourcing（供应）
– Procurement activity devoted to identifying suppliers and determining their qualifications
• E-procurement or e-sourcing
– Use of Internet technologies in procurement and sourcing activities
Steps in a Typical Business Purchasing Process
5.1.2 Direct vs. Indirect Materials Purchasing
• 在2000年前，GE公司12个业务部门通过因特网 购买MRO，平均每年50亿美元。采购方面的改进 可为公司每年节约5-7亿美元。
例：通用电气的采购革命
• TPN给供应商带来的好处 给供应商带来的好处：
– – – – 获得与GE即时联系的机会； 显著提高自己投标和销售的效率，提高销售量； 降低营销活动的管理费用，提高销售人员的效率； 缩短询价周期，优化投标的流程。
– Inbound movements of materials and supplies – Outbound movements of finished goods and services
• Logistics management
– Important support activity for both sales and purchasing activities
–
买方市场与采购管理
• B2B有两种采购方式：直接和间接。
– 直接物资（也被称为生产物资）被直接送到产 品的生产或装配商那里，或服务的提供商那里。 直接物资的特点是：它们的使用是有计划的， 通常不备有现货，而且通常是在谈判和签订合 同后购买。
– 间接物资通常用于维护、修理和运营活动，它 们被合称为MRO（Maintenance Repairs and Operations）或者非生产性物资。
• Hartford Computer自从参加了TPN后，自己就被 越来越多的GE业务部门所知晓，因而与该公司达 成的交易量增加了2.5倍以上。同时，TPN还将 Hartford Computer介绍给了其他潜在顾客。
上海将建基于互联网的汽车零部件全球采购中心
新华网 (10/18 07:27) 记者在日前举行的２００５上海国际汽车城峰会获悉，上海将在汽车城地区建立 一个以互联网无形市场为主体的全国汽车零部件采购平台。 据负责开展此项目的上海国际汽车城世茂实业有限公司有关人士介绍，酝酿两年 之久的这个资源共享平台的创建，将有助于国内整车厂商和汽车零部件生产商节省成 本。目前，相关策划方案已经完成，暂定名为“上海汽车零部件全球采购中心”，现 正处于招商阶段，估计今年底会最终确定。
例：通用电气的采购革命
• TPN给通用采购部门带来的好处 给通用采购部门 带来的好处：
– 寻找全球范围内的新供应商，与其建立伙伴关系。 – 强化与现有商业伙伴间的关系，并精简采购流程。 – 快速地将信息（图纸等）和说明传递给多个供应商。 – 缩短采购周期，降低采购成本。 – 快速地从大量供应商中比较投标，获得更好的价格。
2.
Spot purchasing （现货采购）
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Indirect materials
Other materials that the company purchases, including factory supplies such as sandpaper, hand tools, and replacement parts for manufacturing machinery. Maintenance, Repair and Operating (MRO)，指维修与作 业耗材
据了解，在世界上一些主要的汽车生产区域，多数有一个基于互联网的公共汽车零 部件采购平台，例如日本的ＪＮＸ、美国的ＡＮＸ、欧洲的ＥＮＸ等等。这样的公共 零部件采购平台，与单个整车厂的网络采购系统相比，能够大大节省各个整车厂与零 部件企业之间的沟通成本。
世茂实业有限公司信息部副经理庄稼告诉记者，上海汽车零部件全球采购中心是 一个基于互联网的无形市场信息共享平台。整车厂商借助这个平台，可以轻松地找到 所需的零部件配套厂商，通过平台提供的统一作业标准，大大简化订购、发货、发票 处理等日常事宜。 分析人士指出，近来，国家鼓励汽车零部件企业走向国际市场，上海将建的这个 平台，有助于国内汽车业更好地适应汽车零部件的全球采购趋势。