u2 Grammar and usage
优选牛津译林 模块六第二单元 M6U2 Grammar and usage语法
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. (原因) Given time (=If he is given time), he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (条件) We often provide our children with toys, thinking that all children like them. (=and think that …) (伴随)
3.现在分词和过去分词作状语时区别： 不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状 语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。 分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状 语从句或并列句，如果状语分句或并列 句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去 分词；如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语 动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。例如：
Non-finite verbs are often used as adverbials. What are the hidden meanings do they usually express? Are there any differences when they are used as adverbials? Do they have any other forms? Read the points on Page 24. You will find the answers.
=In order to catch the bus…
Grammar and usage u2
或解释前面的名词。引导词有连词
that；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。
e.g. The news that his health is failing made us sad. 他健康状况不佳的消 息使我们很难过。 I have no idea where they are spending their holidays. 我不知道他们在哪里度假。 There is no doubt that he will come here again. 他会再来这里， 这是毫无疑问的。
When we can set off depends on the weather.
= (preferable) It depends on weather
when we can set off.
it 作形式主语的句型: 1. It + be + adj. (true, certain, possible, obvious, likely…) that… 2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder, an honor, a pity,…) that… 3. It+ be + past participle (said, reported, expected, announced…) that… 4. It + seems/appears that… 5. It doesn’t matter that…
rules? You can begin to see it! = You can begin to see it why English
has such strange rules!
object
wh-question 3. Why does English have so many
Book 7_U2_Grammar and usage
2
Grammar and usage
Linking verbs
Unit 2
What is a linking verb? A linking verb is a word used to
connect the subject of a sentence to
the predicative,which is about the
state of the subject. 连系动词用于连接主语和表语，说明
主语的状态，性质，特征或身份。
Linking verbs
• appear, seem • look , sound , feel, taste, smell • be ,keep, remain, stay, stand , prove • become, come, get, grow, turn, fall, go
1. appear, seem表示“似乎” She appears/seems all right. Children appear/seem in favour of the Internet. He appears/seems to be friendly to us. They appear/seem to have misunderstood me. It appears/seems that the cat falls in love with the mouse. It appears/seems to me that you are wrong.
seem/appear (to be) +表语 seem/appear to have done sth. 似乎 已经…
seem/appear to be doing sth. 似乎
高中英语Unit2Grammar and usage
Exploring the rules
Compound sentences a alinlikniknigng wworodrd
a simple sentence
a simple sentence
(5) It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry.
word
(13) There is a lot to see, ssoo take some time to look around
our website! two simple sentences
Exploring the rules
A compound sentence
曹霞
contains two or more main clauses;
It is used to suggest an option or alternative.
They are used to show the consequence or result of something.
It is used for two similar items but in the negative sense.
main clauses
subordinate clauses
(1) We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult. object
(7) We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website. object
7
主谓宾状
8
存现句
曹霞
Simple sentences (2, 3, 4, 6)
译林版(新)高中英语必修第一册U2 Grammar and Usage 课件
help shape adolescents' educational plans, their moral and social values, or their
broader world view.
However
and
Sentence: a set of words that is complete in itself, typically containing a subject and predicate, conveying a statement, question, exclamation, or command, and consisting of a main clause and sometimes one or more subordinate clauses.
When to use a comma before conjunctions:
e.g. Jack likes chicken, and he loves Nando's. Jack likes chicken, but he hates turkey.
(These are both examples of compound sentences. In each example, each sentence features two independent clauses, not one. Note that there is now a comma before the “and” and the “but”.)
Cause
Effect
3. Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily.
高中英语 选必四课堂本U2Grammar and usage
1. 准确理解定语从句的含义，准确判断定语从句的类型。
2. 在语篇中观察、探究并自主归纳定语从句的规则。
3. 在真实的语境中正确使用定语从句。
自主学习仔细阅读下列句子，划出定语从句1.Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those who don't.2.Many children, whose parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.3.It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.4.If we want to have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not do harm to other living things.5.The rainbow can't be seen at noon, when the sun is high in the sky.学透教材定语从句综述1. 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句被称之为定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它的作用一是引导定语从句，二是在从句中充当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
下面是定语从句一览表。
关系词先行词从句中成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know theman who is talking withyour motherwhom、which和that在从句中作宾语时常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系whom人宾语Mr Smith is theperson with whom I amworking.The boy (whom)一、根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词1.Wide reading will increase your (词汇量)．2.The idea (有点) alarmed her.3.Have you been (通信) with him?4.They (表现) very badly towards their guests.5.We were stuck in a traffic (堵塞) on our way to the airport.6.Parents should not show p for any one of their children.7.He felt e at being the centre of attention.8.He left England with the i of travelling in Africa.9.Your account of events does not c with hers.10.He could not t the extremes of heat in the desert.promises.三、单句语法填空st month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.2.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, during time he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.3.I can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.4.American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.5.The most important thing we should pay attention to is the first thing _________ I have said.6.Is this museum the one you visited a few days ago?7.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.8.By 16：30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.9.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently.10.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will createa picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.四、根据所给汉语提示完成句子1.At the exhibition, the company's sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (孩子们翘首以盼的)．2.The book is of great help to me, (特别是在一份必须有良好的第一印象的工作中)．3.I think students should involve themselves in community activities ______________________________ (在活动中他们可以为成长获得经验)．4.Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, ___________________________ (其中两位对我影响很大)．5.Visiting your city is an unforgettable experience, ___________________________ (一次我将用余生珍视的经历)．6.He is the only one of the students (连续三次获得一等奖的学生)．7.Learning strategies, (老师们都很重视), have not yet drawn enough attention of students.8.In our country, many students can't afford to attend a college,___________________________(李华的情况也是如此), but these people waste so much money on so many luxuries.。
Book-7-U2-Grammar-and-usage
3. 感官类 . 如: look, sound, feel, taste, smell
（1）That sounds wonderful, but some peoplea waste of time.
b. The chef is tasting the fish carefully.
此句taste做实义动词，可以使用进行时，且后 面接副词做状语
True or false?
1). This kind of cakes tastes good. （√ ） 2). This kind of cakes sells good. （×）
in the fridge.
二.系动词的分类
1. be动词 (am, is, are, was, were, been) 2. 好像类. 如: appear, seem 3. 感官类 . 如: look, sound, feel, taste, smell 4. 变化类. 如: become, get, grow, go, turn, fall 5. 保持/仍然类. 如：keep, remain, stay, stand 6. 其它类: prove(证明是/显出是)
our project.
三、系动词的用法
1. 一般而言,几乎所有的系动词后都能跟形容词 作表语,也可接名词，介词短语、非谓语动词或 从句作表语.
1). They remained silent about the whole thing. 2). Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th
M7 U2 Grammar and usage
• （10安徽） • 22. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone you wishing they were that high • A. getting rid of B. getting along with • C. Looking up to D. looking down upon • 答案：C. 答案：
• （10江西） • 25 Parents _______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. • A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply • 答案：A 答案： • 考点：考察动词词组。 考点： • 解析：attach importance to 关注. 解析：
• （10福建） • – In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. • --I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two . • A. linked B. related • C. connected D. combined • 33. 答案：D 答案：
• （10江苏） • 24. Thousands of foreigners were______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. • A. attended B. attained • C. attracted D. attached • 答案：C。 答案：
Book-3-U2-Grammar-and-usage
Part B Answers:
(1)What
(2) w
(5) who
(6) How
(7) Which
Some proverbs related to noun clauses
1.What glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是金子。 2.Children are what the mothers are.
Exercises on page 28 A
I always wondered (1)when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me. I finally got it today. (2)What I always dreamt of has come true. It is really exciting! The difficulty is(3) how I’m going to read the book without a dictionary. Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time. Miss Cheng always told us to guess the meanings of new words from the context. I used to wonder (4)why we should do this. I understand now, but the question is (5)what I should do if I cannot guess the meanings. I must talk to Miss Cheng about this tomorrow.
Book11_U2_Grammarandusage
牛津高中英语教学设计单元：Unit 2 Getting a job板块：Grammar and usageThoughts on the design:本单元语法主要是向学生介绍英语中常用成语，旨在拓展学生的知识面。
除书上介绍的若干成语外，笔者通过不同练习方式补充了一些常用的成语，激发学生对本块语法的兴趣。
教学方法主要是以创设情景、猜测词意、在语境中运用成语为主。
最后向学生介绍了若干中国成语的翻译方法，培养学生向西方介绍中国文化的能力。
Teaching aims:After learning the grammar and usage, the students will be able to:1. Have a basic and clear understanding of an idiom and its typical features;2. Master some frequently used English idioms;3. Know how to translate some Chinese idioms into English.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Lead in1. Say something about idioms and their typical features.2. Name some idioms that are learnt in the past.[Explanation]通过展示例子让学生了解何为成语及其特征，并且鼓励学生列举一些曾经学过的成语来激活原有知识，达到以旧带新的目的。
Step 2 Self-learning and consolidation1. Self-learn the idioms on the textbook, and master their meanings and different parts of speech.2. Finish the consolidation exercise on PPT5.(1) Many students complained the test was too hard, while Tom felt it was (a piece of cake).(2) I’ll just have to give the speech (off the top of my head). There’s no time to write it down.(3) Instead of (having butterflies in my stomach), he is (cool as cucumber) because he has gotfully prepared for each question.(4) The secret to our success is (as plain as day/holding firm)—make a good plan and stick to it.(5) Fishing is really not (my cup of tea). That’s the last thing in the world I would ever do.(6) Although regarded as a nut, Thompson is still (holding firm) that he was once caught by theET and taken to their spaceship.[Explanation]本次语法内容浅显易懂，为此笔者在此部分让学生自学，并通过巩固性练习检查学生理解。
译林牛津版英语模块四unit 2 Grammar and usageppt课件
• --- May I watch TV after finishing my homework?
• --- Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t. / No, you may not. / No, you’d better not.
最新版整理ppt
9
make requests
in trouble.
最新版整理ppt
8
permission
can / could / may / might
informal / spoken
formal / written
could比can 更委婉，might比may 更委婉
• ---Can I watch the Olympics ?
• ---Yes, you can. No, you can’t.
will/can/could/would
informal
formal
• -- Will/Can/Could/Would you help me with my training?
• -- Yes, I will/can/can/will.
最新版整理ppt
10
make suggestions
• shall常用于第一，三人称，表示征求对方意见。
能力 义务, 责任
确定
make 提出请求 requests
make suggestions
提出建议
make offers
提供帮忙
允许
give 最新版整理papt dvice
提出忠告 2
ability
(1)He can run the 100m sprint in 11 seconds. (2)Can this little girl read before she goes to the primary school?
译林牛津版高中英语选修9课件：U2Grammar+and+usage
man couldn’t see anythinSgub.ject Clause (主语从句)
4. The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s
name is a pity.
Appositive Clause 同位语从句
Noun Clauses
Question: What is the function of a noun clause in a sentence?
b. It + be + -ed分词 + that-从句 It is believed that … 人们相信…… It is known to all that …众所周知……
c. It + be + 名词 + that-从句 It is a surprise that …令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that … 事实是……
I. Subject clauses
Subject clauses can be introduced by that, whether or questions words.
1. That he will succeed is certain. 2. Whether he will go there is not known. 3. What he said is not true. 4. Where he hid the money is to be found out. 5. Whoever comes is welcome. 6. How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7. When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.
译林牛津版高中英语选修9课件：U2 Grammar and usage5-9课件 精品
• I differ from him in that I’m good at Maths while he is good at Art.
• His paper is perfect except that there are some spelling mistakes in it.
Tip3: That is usually not used to introduce an object clause after a preposition except in that or except that.
5. One of the men held the view ___ the book
said was right.
A. what that
B. that which
C. that what
D. which that
6. Word has come ___ some American guests will
meeting. 7. When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.
1) _W__h_a_t_ you said yesterday is right. 2) _T__h_a_t __ she is still alive is a consolation.
(Attributive clause)
2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. ( Appositive clause)
Page25 Part A
Keys: 1. subject clause 2. predicative clause 3. object clause 4. object clause 5. appositive clause
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4. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy families. (NMET 2004年 湖南） A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen
Lily is an Australian high school student. She gets up at 7:00. Then after 15 minutes she has her breakfast. She goes to school every workday. She leaves home at 8 o’clock to take the school bus. She arrives at school at about 9. She starts to study at once and continues until 12:00 when she has lunch at school. Usually the lunch takes about half an hour. She starts to study again at 1:00 and goes home at 3:30.
Revision
Change direct speech into indirect speech:
1. Bob: I’m going to watch birds. Li Ming: Bob said he was going to watch birds. 2. Wu Dong: I’ll go to my uncle’s. Colin: Wu Dong said he would go to his uncle’s.
1) At 7:25 A. She’ll be leaving the house. B. She’ll have left the house. C. She’ll be at home. D. She’ll be having breakfast. 2) From 9 to 12 A. She’ll be studying. B. She’ll be having classes. C. She’ll be doing exercise. D. She’ll be doing heavy work with workers.
3. 今天下午我要去送一个朋友。
I will be seeing a friend off this afternoon.
4.我不知道我们什么时候再在一起工作.
I don’t know when we will be working together again.
5. 史密斯夫妇下个星期打算去巴西。随后 这个月里他们将在墨西哥旅行。
Tom won’t cut the grass. Tom refuses to cut the grass.
Tom won’t be cutting the grass. The sentence is only a statement of fact, giving no information about Tom’s intention. Perhaps Tom is away, or ill, or will be doing some other job.
5. We ______ a basketball match at five tomorrow afternoon. A will have watched B watch C can watch D will be watching 6. If he _______, don’t interrupt him. A still works B is still working C still has been working D will still be working
Talk about something that will be in progress at a certain time or over a period of time in the future. (讨论将来某个时间点或时间段正在进
行的动作)
Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas. Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next week.
黄鹤楼
(1)traveling (2)will be (3)will be (4)will (5)will be exploring
1. At this time tomorrow _______ over the Atlantic. (NMET 2003年 北京) A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly 2. ----What are you going to do this afternoon? ----I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _______ quite early, so we _______ to the bookstore after that. (NMET 2005年 重庆） A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
Future continuous tense
I will have (have) an English ________ class tomorrow morning. I will be having(have) an ____________ English class at 8:20 tomorrow morning
• 当我们到达纽约时，天将正在下 雨。（将来正在） • 他将在会议上作报告。 （纯粹将来） • 你将在什么地方度过这个暑假？ （礼貌询问）
1. 今天我下午三点到四点，我们要开会。 We will be having a meeting from 3 to 4 this afternoon. 2. 我想他马上就会到的。 I believe he’ll be coming soon.
Express future without intention. When it is used in this way, we want to indicate that something will happen naturally. It doesn’t imply that the speaker has arranged the action. （表示不包含说话者主观意愿的纯粹将来。 使用这种方式，我们想表达某件事 会很自然地发生，说话者并不参与 安排或计划。）
Mr. and Mrs. Smith are going to Brazil next week, and they will be traveling in Mexico later in the month.
• Now, we are having an English class. • At this time yesterday, we … • At this time tomorrow, we …
(C). to indicate a past arrangement. e.g. I was meeting him in town the next day. (D) to mean that the future action actually happened. e.g. Toby said goodbye to his friend, not knowing that they were never to meet again.
The usage of the future in the past tense
(A) to report an action in the past from a time when it was still in the future. e.g. They were sure that they would win the final victory. (“be sure” happened in the past, the action “win the final victory” happened in the future compared with action of “be sure”) (B) to indicate a past intention e.g. He told me he was going to learn another foreign language.
Tortoise
will / shall do
be going to do
HOW
to express the simple future tense
be about to do be doing
be to do
do / does
FORM
will/shall do be going to do
4) From 12 to 12:30 A. She’ll be having her lunch. B. She’ll have finished homework C. She’ll be leaving school. D. She’ll be enjoying her lunch. 5) At 13:05 A. She’ll be eating her lunch. B. She’ll be studying again. C. She’ll have finished her lunch. D. She’ll have left school.