英语专业四级语法重点汇总

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完整版专四英语语法考点分析解析

完整版专四英语语法考点分析解析

语法考点之一:虚拟语气考点1.If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反:从句sbhad done,主句sb would(should, could, might)+havedone;2、省略if,从句的语序用到装,即将were,had或should移至主语的前面,但否定词not不前移。

3、与将来事实相反:从句sb did (should+do或were+todo),主句sb would (should,could, might)+do。

4、错综条件句:主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。

比如:从句对过去虚拟,而主句对现在虚拟,即从句sb had done,主句sb would(should, could, might)+do;考点2:表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist,order,command, suggest, advise, propose, a sk,require, request,demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句,谓语用(should)+动词原形。

考点3:Itis +advisable,essential, important, imperative,incredible等从句,谓语用(should)+动词原形。

考点4:it is(high/about)time that的结构中,从句使用一般过去式。

例如:考点5:much as"尽管,虽然"引导让步状语从句,从句中用would havedone表示假设。

考点6:if only, wish,as if/as though引导从句,与过去事实相反:had +done;与现在事实相反:动词过去式;与将来事实相反:could/would+do考点7:would rather/sooner从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟考点8:lest/ forfear that+(should) +原形动词。

英语专四语法复习内容

英语专四语法复习内容

英语专四语法复习内容想要通过英语专四考试,就必须掌握英语专四的语法。

那么英语专四的语法有哪些呢?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语专四语法内容,希望大家喜欢!英语专四语法内容一 There be 结构1. There be结构There were very few people left when we got there.There have been many such incidents.Nearby there had been a fight in full progress.也可以是情态动词 +beThere can be very little doubt about his guilt.There may always be instances about which we are uncertain. There ought to / should be some instructions on the lid.还可以是There +情态动词+ be 的完成时There may have been an accident.If the criminal had come this way, there would be / would have been footprints. There should / ought to have been someone on duty all the time.2. There + 半动词+ be,这里很少用完成体形式.There is certain to be trouble at the factory.There is sure / likely to be some rain tonight. There seems / appears to be no doubt about it.3. There be结构也可有被动式,这类there be结构有些可以与there be结构的一般形式相互转换。

专四常考语法点汇总

专四常考语法点汇总

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一:从属分句复合句= 主句+从句(1个或1个以上)要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分,以语法功能作为分类标准,从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句(即定语从句)和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等;名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上;关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别;名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析:1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009,60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. (2010,55)A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结:(一)条件状语从句:表示条件或假设,通常由以下连词或结构引导:★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例:In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?(二)让步状语从句:含有“虽然,尽管,即使”之意,主要引导词有:★特别提醒1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例:In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though,就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but,但是though可以和yet 连用。

英语专四语法考点总结

英语专四语法考点总结

一、语法部分考查重点1、虚拟语气的考点为: would rather+that从句+一般过去时;It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/advisable/ natural/ essential+that+(should)动词原形;proposal/suggestion+that+动词原形;It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时;lest+that+should+动词原形;if only+that+would+动词原形。

2、状语从句的考点为:非if引导的条件状语从句,此类句子多用at times,provided,so long as,in case,once等来替代if;由even if/so,now that,for all等引导的让步状语从句;just/hardly...when引导的时间状语从句;more than,as...as,not so much as,the same as,as much as等引导的比较状语从句。

3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语+分词的形式出现。

4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5、定语从句重点考查介词+关系代词(which)和as作为关系代词。

二、词汇部分考查重点1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如:popular/patient+with;yield/solution/adapt/transfer/access+to;accuse/require+of;charge+for;under+discussion等等。

2、习惯用法如:confess to/set about/be used to+doing;be supposed to/have/make sb.+do等。

3、由同一动词构成的短语如:come,go,set,break等构成的短语。

专四常考语法点

专四常考语法点

专四常考语法点
英语专业四级考试常考的语法点包括:
1.虚拟语气:虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,包括条件句、
虚拟语气的使用等。

2.时态和语态:英语中的时态和语态是非常重要的,包括现在时态、
过去时态、将来时态等。

3.非谓语动词:非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词,是英语语
法中的一个难点。

4.从句:从句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句等,是英语语
法中的一个重要部分。

5.倒装句:倒装句是英语语法中的一种特殊句型,包括完全倒装和
部分倒装等。

6.主谓一致:主谓一致是指句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上
保持一致。

7.比较级和最高级:比较级和最高级是英语语法中的一个重要部分,
包括形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。

这些语法点是英语专业四级考试中经常出现的,考生需要熟练掌握这些语法知识,才能在考试中取得好成绩。

英语专业四级语法重点汇总

英语专业四级语法重点汇总

英语专业四级语法重点汇总English英语专八专四学习复习资料英语专四语法重点汇总一、非谓语动词的主要考点1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的,但是在意思上是有区别的,主要常考到的动词罗列如下:mean to do想要(做某事)VS mean doing意味(做某事)propose to do 打算(做某事)VS propose doing建议(做某事)forget to do忘记(要做的事)VS forget doing忘记(已做的事)remember to do记得(要做某事)VS remember doing记得(做过)go on to do继而(做另一件事)VS go on doing继续(做原来的事)stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾VS regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔2. 不定式的习惯用法典型句型整理如下:如:“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事”如:“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事”如:“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事”如:“can do nothing but do”——“不能不做某事”如:“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事”如:“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事”例句:The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor.When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus.3. 动名词的习惯用法典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下:如:be busy/active doing sth.如:It’s no good/use doing sth.如:spend/waste time doing sth.如:have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.如:have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.如:There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.例句:There is no use crying over spilt milk.(典型例句)牛奶洒了,哭也没用;后悔是没有用的;覆水难受I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in science after all.二、形容词与副词及其比较级1. 形容词的句法功能形容词通常在句子中用做定语、表语与主语的语法成分,通常考到的知识点总结如下:(1) 以“a”开头的形容词如“alone”、“alike”、“asleep”、“awake”等一般不能做前置定语,通常是做表语或后置定语的例句:Jerry didn’t pass the important final exam, please let him alone for the time being.Michael came back from job just now, and his eyes were shut and he seemed to have fallen asleep.(2) 某些以副词词缀“-ly”结尾的词其实是形容词,不能看错是副词,例如“friendly”、“leisurely”、“lovely”等(3) 下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词,注意用做系动词时,要求形容词做表语这些典型单词罗列如下:“remain”、“keep”、“become”、“get”、“grow”、“go”、“come”、“turn”、“stay”、“stand”、“run”、“prove”、“seem”、“appear”、“look”等例句:The situation remains tense between the two countries at this juncture. 在这个节骨眼上,两国形势仍然持续紧张。

英语专业四级考试语法复习资料大全

英语专业四级考试语法复习资料大全

一、考纲要求及语法知识常考点(一)动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法2. 动词的语态1) 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语(1)在英语中,不及物动词不能用于被动语态,但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。

如:appear, belong to, die, escape, fall, happen, last, succeed, occur, take place, consist of。

Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。

(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词,如:become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。

2) 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思(专业四级英语重要考点)例1:The book is selling remarkably well.这本书卖得很好例2:The song sounds very beautiful. 这首歌听起来很优美。

能这样用的动词还有read(读起来),clean(擦起来),wash(洗起来),write(写起来)。

例3:My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).能像need这样用的动词还有:want, require, deserve等。

例4:The meat is cooking.例5:The shop doesn’t open(营业)on Sunday. 试比较:The door was opened by Tom.3) 注意几个基本句型.(专业四级英语重要考点)It is said …(据说).,It is reported …(据报道), It is widely believed(人们广泛认为); It is expected …(据期望,应该)It is estimated…. ( 据估计), It was said…, It was believed … It was thought …( 以前人们认为...)。

专四常考语法点汇总【范本模板】

专四常考语法点汇总【范本模板】

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一:从属分句复合句= 主句+从句(1个或1个以上)要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分,以语法功能作为分类标准,从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句(即定语从句)和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等;名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上;关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别;名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析:1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A。

when B. that C。

which D. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A。

Much though B. Much as C。

As much D。

Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak。

(2008,54)A。

for which B。

for that C. in that D. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____。

(2008, 60)A. it could beB. could be C。

it was D。

was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left。

专四语法重点总结

专四语法重点总结
3)not more/er than与no more/er than
eg.
He is no richer than I= as poor as
He is not richer than I
4) more and more
eg. He is becoming fatter and fatter.
5). The more… the more…
Eg. He neither likes fiction nor (likes) poetry.
8) more than简直不
eg. My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.
六、并列结构
两个或两个以上意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同、并由并列连词或其他并列手段连接起来的语法结构序列叫做并列结构。
1.并列结构的各种形式
1)词与词的并列you and me
2) not only…but also连结成分和连接句子;只连对等结构
Eg. Not only I but also he will take part in the meeting.
Not only did he help me, but also he sent me home.
3) either…or连结成分和连接句子;连对等结构或不对等结构
单音节词尾e,加r, st fine finer finest
闭音节单音节词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写big bigger biggest
辅音字母加er,est
少数以y,er,ow, ble结尾
双音节词尾加er,est happy happier happiest(y前为辅音字母去y加clever cleverer cleverest

专四语法复习要点

专四语法复习要点

专四语法复习要点语法回顾篇专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法(省略,时态,反义疑问句,代词,强调句,主谓一致,冠词,形容词及副词)、as的特殊用法。

专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来,有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点)考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were),主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do;考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done,主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done;例如:43.I _________the party much more if there hadn?t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren?tB. hasn?t beenC. hadn?t beenD. wouldn?t考点3.与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用:did(should+do或were + to do),主句谓语动词用:would(should,could,might)+do。

例如:43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年)A. shall need C. would needB. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象,也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如:If you had gone to see the doctor,you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。

(完整word版)英语专业四级考试语法汇总(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)英语专业四级考试语法汇总(word文档良心出品)

独立主格结构独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)有两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。

前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。

独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。

若不一致,非谓语动词形式须另带主语,从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。

这种结构称为“独立结构”。

其中,非谓语动词主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词。

非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语,逻辑主语的代词又是主格,故常称为“独立主格”。

“独立结构”在句中起状语作用,相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。

功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。

例如:表示时间The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。

Her work being done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。

表示条件The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。

表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。

He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。

表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。

(完整word版)英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总

(完整word版)英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总

(完整word版)英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总⼤学英语四级语法精要⼀、动词(时态,语态,⽤法,省略,⼀致性等)(⼀)时态1、主动形式过去现在将来过去将来⼀般did do will/shall do should/would do进⾏was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing /完成had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done⽤于虚拟语⽓完成进⾏had been doing have/has been doing / /2、被动形式过去现在将来过去将来⼀般was/were given am/is/are given Will / shall begiven should/would be given进⾏was/were being given am/is/are being given / /完成was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成进⾏/ / / /· CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进⾏时。

·时间状语从句当中的时态:⼀般过去时所有的过去⽤⼀般现在时表⽰现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成3(have/has + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.· I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve bee n sitting in the garden.4、过去完成进⾏时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前⼀直在进⾏的动作· We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.5、将来完成进⾏时: 将来某个时刻以前⼀直在进⾏的动作.· By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.6、将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发⽣的事.· I shall have finished this one before lunch.They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.(⼆)语态1、可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:· He was said to be jealous of her success.It was said that he was jealous of her success.·能同时适⽤于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表⽰“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有:assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等。

专业四级语法重点有哪些

专业四级语法重点有哪些

专业四级语法重点有哪些对于英语专业的学生来说,专业四级考试是一个重要的关卡。

而语法作为英语学习的基础和关键,在考试中占据着相当重要的地位。

那么,专业四级语法的重点究竟有哪些呢?首先,时态和语态是必不可少的重点。

时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及过去将来时等。

每一种时态都有其特定的用法和时间标志词。

比如,现在完成时常常与“since”、“for”等词连用,表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

而过去完成时则强调“过去的过去”,在使用时需要有一个明确的过去时间作为参照。

语态方面,主要有主动语态和被动语态。

被动语态的构成是“be +过去分词”,在理解和运用时需要注意不同时态下被动语态的形式变化。

其次,虚拟语气也是一个重要的语法点。

虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议等与事实不符或不太可能发生的情况。

它分为三种情况:与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反以及与将来事实相反。

每种情况的虚拟语气形式都有所不同。

例如,与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,主句用“would / could / should / might +动词原形”,从句用“一般过去时(be 动词用 were)”。

再者,非谓语动词也是经常考查的内容。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。

动词不定式可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等;动名词具有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等;分词可以作定语、状语、补语等。

在使用非谓语动词时,需要根据句子的结构和语境来判断其具体的用法。

从句也是专业四级语法的重点之一。

定语从句用于修饰名词或代词,关系代词和关系副词的选择是关键;状语从句包括时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句等,需要掌握不同状语从句的引导词及其用法;名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,要清楚其在句子中的作用和构成方式。

英语专业四级语法

英语专业四级语法

英语专业四级语法
英语专业四级语法
1、主谓一致。

这类考题灵活性大,需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。

一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式,如
peoplepoultrymilitia等;用and连接的成分
表单一概念时谓语动词用单数:就近原则:主语中
含有某些连词(如aswellasbesidesin
additionto等)时,谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。

2、倒装结构。

表示强调或突出,分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

那些否定词(组)、介词短语能引起倒装句。

部分倒装和全部倒装有和区别,as在倒装结构中的用法及意义等等,都是考生应当重视的地方。

3、非谓语动词。

这是词汇与结构考试中语法部分的重中之重,解题时可以从三个方面入手:
根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系,确定使用主动语态或被动语态,然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词。

英语专四完整语法

英语专四完整语法

专四必备语法一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点:1.表达将来时的形式:(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如:I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。

(宾语从句)比较:I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。

(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如:See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语:(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句,主句用过去完成时。

如:We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句,主句用将来完成时。

如:By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months,主句用现在完成时, 但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中,主句更多的时候不用完成时。

四级英语语法归纳总结

四级英语语法归纳总结

四级英语语法归纳总结以下是四级英语语法的归纳总结,包括动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等语法点,以及一些常见的语法错误和避免方法。

一、动词时态和语态1. 常见时态包括现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时。

2. 被动语态使用be动词加动词的过去分词形式。

二、非谓语动词1. 不定式:to do,表示目的或将来。

2. 动名词:doing,表示抽象或一般意义。

3. 分词:现在分词doing表示进行或主动,过去分词done表示完成或被动。

三、名词性从句1. 主语从句:由that、whether等连接词引导。

2. 宾语从句:由that、whether、who等连接词引导。

3. 表语从句:由that、whether、who等连接词引导。

4. 同位语从句:由that、whether、who等连接词引导,修饰名词。

四、定语从句1. 由that、which、who等连接词引导,修饰名词或代词。

2. 从句在主句中作定语,修饰名词或代词。

3. 从句可以省略主语和be动词。

五、状语从句1. 时间状语从句:由when、before、after等连接词引导。

2. 条件状语从句:由if、unless等连接词引导。

3. 原因状语从句:由because、as等连接词引导。

4. 让步状语从句:由though、however等连接词引导。

5. 比较状语从句:由than、as...as等连接词引导。

6. 结果状语从句:由so...that等连接词引导。

7. 方式状语从句:由as if、as though等连接词引导。

8. 目的状语从句:由so that、in order that等连接词引导。

9. 地点状语从句:由where、wherever等连接词引导。

10. 修饰状语从句的副词放在句尾,前面不加逗号。

11. 表示“无论”、“不管”的连词有whether、however等,它们不能省略主语和be动词。

英语专业四级语法复习要点

英语专业四级语法复习要点

英语专业四级语法复习要点一、名词名词是英语八大词类之一,用来表示人、动物、事物、地点等具体或抽象的事物。

名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。

1. 可数名词可数名词可以用一个数词或代数词表示单数或复数。

需要注意以下几个要点:- 单数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"a"或"an"表示单数,例如:a book(一本书)。

- 复数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"some"或"any"表示复数,例如:some books(一些书)。

- 有些名词的复数形式与单数形式相同,例如:deer(鹿)和sheep (羊)。

- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-s",例如:books(书)和cats(猫)。

- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-es",例如:watches(手表)和boxes(盒子)。

2. 不可数名词不可数名词通常表示抽象概念、物质、液体等无法具体计数的事物。

以下是一些常见的不可数名词:- information(信息)- water(水)- milk(牛奶)- money(钱)- knowledge(知识)- advice(建议)- weather(天气)二、代词代词用来代替名词,起到替代作用。

根据具体使用情况,代词可分为不同类型。

1. 人称代词人称代词用来代替人或事物的人称,分为主格和宾格两种形式:- 主格:I(我)、you(你/您)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们/她们/它们)- 宾格:me(我)、you(你/您)、him(他)、her(她)、it (它)、us(我们)、them(他们/她们/它们)2. 物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,分为形容词性和名词性两种类型:- 形容词性物主代词:my(我的)、your(你/您的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、our(我们的)、their(他们/她们/它们的)- 名词性物主代词:mine(我的)、yours(你/您的)、his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们/她们/它们的)3. 相互代词相互代词用来表示彼此关系,常用的相互代词有:- each other(彼此之间)- one another(彼此之间)三、动词动词是句子的核心,并用于表示行为、状态、存在等。

专四备考资料词汇语法总结

专四备考资料词汇语法总结

专四备考资料词汇语法总结一、词汇部分。

1. abandon [əˈbændən](动词)- 释义:放弃;抛弃;放纵。

- 例句:Don't abandon your dreams easily.(不要轻易放弃你的梦想。

)2. ability [əˈbɪləti](名词)- 释义:能力;才能。

- 例句:He has the ability to solve difficult problems.(他有解决难题的能力。

)3. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml](形容词)- 释义:反常的;不正常的。

- 例句:The weather is abnormal this year.(今年的天气很反常。

)4. aboard [əˈbɔːd](副词/介词)- 释义:在(船、飞机、车)上;上船;登机。

- 例句:All passengers aboard the plane are required to fasten their seat belts.(飞机上的所有乘客都被要求系好安全带。

)5. abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ](动词)- 释义:废除;废止(法律、制度、习俗等)- 例句:They decided to abolish the old rules.(他们决定废除旧规则。

)二、语法部分。

1. 时态。

- 一般现在时。

- 结构:主语+动词原形(第三人称单数加 -s或 -es)- 用法:表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。

- 例句:He often goes to school by bike.(他经常骑自行车去上学。

)- 一般过去时。

- 结构:主语+动词的过去式。

- 用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句:I saw him yesterday.(我昨天见到他了。

)- 现在进行时。

- 结构:主语+am/is/are+动词的 -ing形式。

- 用法:表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。

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本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理,也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点,按考试经验已经过筛选一、非谓语动词的主要考点1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的,但是在意思上是有区别的,主要常考到的动词罗列如下:mean to do想要(做某事)VS mean doing意味(做某事)propose to do 打算(做某事)VS propose doing建议(做某事)forget to do忘记(要做的事)VS forget doing忘记(已做的事)remember to do记得(要做某事)VS remember doing记得(做过)go on to do继而(做另一件事)VS go on doing继续(做原来的事)stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾VS regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔2. 不定式的习惯用法典型句型整理如下:如:“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事”如:“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事”如:“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事”如:“can do nothing but do”——“不能不做某事”如:“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事”如:“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事”例句:The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor.When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus.3. 动名词的习惯用法典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下:如:be busy/active doing sth.如:It’s no good/use doing sth.如:spend/waste time doing sth.如:have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.如:have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.如:There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.例句:There is no use crying over spilt milk.(典型例句)牛奶洒了,哭也没用;后悔是没有用的;覆水难受I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in science after all.二、形容词与副词及其比较级1. 形容词的句法功能形容词通常在句子中用做定语、表语与主语的语法成分,通常考到的知识点总结如下:(1) 以“a”开头的形容词如“alone”、“alike”、“asleep”、“awake”等一般不能做前置定语,通常是做表语或后置定语的例句:Jerry didn’t pass the important final exam, please let him alone for the time being.Michael came back from job just now, and his eyes were shut and he seemed to have fallen asleep.(2) 某些以副词词缀“-ly”结尾的词其实是形容词,不能看错是副词,例如“friendly”、“leisurely”、“lovely”等(3) 下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词,注意用做系动词时,要求形容词做表语这些典型单词罗列如下:“remain”、“keep”、“become”、“get”、“grow”、“go”、“come”、“turn”、“stay”、“stand”、“run”、“prove”、“seem”、“appear”、“look”等例句:The situation remains tense between the two countries at this juncture. 在这个节骨眼上,两国形势仍然持续紧张。

There is strong possibility that such a style of mutual cooperation will prove unworkable. 这种合作模式大有可能行不通。

2. 某些词虽然不用比较级形式却自身带有比较概念这些典型词汇总结如下:“inferior”、“minor”、“senior”、“prior”、“prefer to”、“superior”、“major”、“junior”、“preferable”、“differ from”、“compared with”、“in comparison with”、“different from”、“rather than”等例句:After visiting at weekends, I think their villa is superior to all the other villas in the countryside.3. 有关比较级的特殊句型(1) not so much…as…与其说…还不如说…例句:The major reason for his suicide isn’t so much his negative emotions as his incapacity to take care of himself.(2) no/not any more…than…两者一样都不…例句:It is well acknowledged by the public that the heart is no any more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain altogether.(3) no /not any less…than…两者一样都…例句:I was good at almost all subjects when I was in the junior high school, and particularly speaking, mathematics was no any lessgood than physics at that time.(4) just as…so…正如…,…也…(会使用到倒装结构)例如:Just as chocolate is a part of my favorite food, so is the ice cream.三、虚拟语气简明概述:虚拟语气是指说话人讲话的内容与现实或事实相反,是一种主观假想的情况。

时态:可表示过去、现在和将来,特征是时态相应退后。

1. 与现在事实相反的主观假设:例句:If there were an English dictionary, we could consult it for this difficult word.If my bigger brother were here, he would do us a favor to move theheavy box.2. 与过去事实相反的主观假设:例句:If he had studied more diligently, he would have passed the exam undoubtedly.If my favorite teacher had been here yesterday, I would have paid more attention to the lesson.If the child had been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.3. 与将来事实相反的主观假设:例句:If you made great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.If you were to make great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.If you should make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.混合条件句:主句和条件从句所发生的时间点不一致,这个时候就需要根据各自的时态进行倒退来做相应修改。

例句:If you had finished your homework by yourself yesterday(过去), you would not copy other’s answers in a hurry(现在).If you had asked your mother how to cook last week(过去), you would know clearly each cooking step of the dish(现在).虚拟语气的倒装如果从句中有were,should,had,则需要倒装。

倒装方法:将if省略,再把were,should,had挪到从句的句首。

注:如果从句中没有were,should,had,则不能省略if,也不可倒装。

例句:原句:If my bigger brother were here, he would help us to move the heavy box.倒装:Were my bigger brother here, he would help us to move the heavy box.原句:If the child had been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.倒装:Had the child been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.原句:If you should make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.倒装:Should you make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.虚拟语气词:should很简单,三种形式(1)It is suggested/requested/ordered, etc.(具有命令,建议,要求等口吻的动词过去分词)+ that sb should (should可省略)do (动词原形)sth.注:这类动词还可以有其他三种从句形式来代替。

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