高三课后作业拓展练习

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高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业1

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业1

必修一Module 1My First Day at Senior HighⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Children should be taught how to ________ towards adults.2.I am surprised that you had a bad ________ of him.3.She can speak English very ________.4.A________ was the beginning of their quarrel.5.The child is so naughty that his behaviour is badly in need of ________.6.It was ________ that such a little boy should be a computer expert.7.Y ou should follow the ________ on the bottle.8.It was ________ to sit there without anything to do.9.The scenery is beautiful beyond ________.10.Her failure made her parents ________ and they were in a bad mood.答案:1.behave 2.impression 3.fluently 4.misunderstanding 5.correction 6.amazing7.instructions8.boring9.description10.disappointedⅡ.完成句子1.学生们盼着过周末呢。

The students are ____________________ the weekend.2.他们请他走人,也就是说,他被解雇了。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 27

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 27

Unit 5Theme parksⅠ.单词拼写1.The date of the meeting has been________(提前)from Friday to Monday.2.The________(承认)of guilt is very hard.3.The boy________(自愿)to buy some food.4.In my opinion, I'm not as________(擅长运动的)as him.5.The writer has a________(独特的)style, which makes him world-famous.6.The shop has v________clothes for women customers to choose from.7.Mount Tai has become a tourist a________all over the world.8.I think these interesting old customs should be p________.9.The room is 15 feet in l________and 10 feet in width.10.One of his forefathers was an early s________in America.答案:1.advanced 2.admission 3.volunteered 4.athletic 5.unique 6.various 7.attraction8.preserved9.length10.settlerⅡ.完成句子1.I often go hiking because I like________ ________ ________(接近)nature.(close)2.When the old man was seeing the old film, everything in the past________ ________ ________(浮现)in his mind.(come)3.A part of the theme was________ ________(模仿)life in ancient China.(model)4.I hear Tom is ill.________ ________(难怪)he didn't come to school yesterday.(wonder) 5.She loves acting and hopes to________ ________ ________(以……出名)her acting.(famous)6.We had to pay the rent two weeks________ ________(提前).(advance)7.She________ ________(消遣)by reading detective stories.(amuse)8.He________ ________ ________(有乐趣)when he was living in the countryside.(fun) 答案:1.getting close to 2.came to life 3.modelled after 4.No wonder 5.be famous for 6.in advance7.amused herself8.had great funⅢ.单项填空1.I suggest not only________to the meeting but also give a speech there.A.did he go B.should he goC.he should go D.his going答案:B考查虚拟语气和倒装。

高三数学__选修部分__课后作业及详细解答(3)

高三数学__选修部分__课后作业及详细解答(3)

课后作业基础巩固强化一、选择题={x |x -2x -1<1},则M ∩N 等于( )A .{x |1<x <32} B .{x |12<x <1}C .{x |-12<x <32} D .{x |-12<x <32,且x ≠1}[答案] A[解析] 由|2x -1|<2得-2<2x -1<2,则-12<x <32;由x -2x -1<1得(x -2)-(x -1)x -1<0,即-1x -1<0,则x >1.所以M ∩N ={x |1<x <32},选A.2.不等式|x -2|-|x -1|>0的解集为( ) A .(-∞,32) B .(-∞,-32) C .(32,+∞) D .(-32,+∞) [答案] A[解析] 原不等式等价于|x -2|>|x -1|,则(x -2)2>(x -1)2,解得x <32.3.设集合A ={x ||x -a |<1,x ∈R },B ={x ||x -b |>2,x ∈R }.若A ⊆B ,则实数a 、b 必满足( )A .|a +b |≤3B .|a +b |≥3C .|a -b |≤3D .|a -b |≥3[答案] D[解析] 由题意可得集合A ={x |a -1<x <a +1},集合B ={x |x <b -2或x >b +2},又因为A ⊆B ,所以有a +1≤b -2或b +2≤a -1,即a -b ≤-3或a -b ≥3.所以选D.4.(文)若不等式|ax +2|<4的解集为(-1,3),则实数a 等于( ) A .8 B .2 C .-4 D .-2[答案] D[解析] 由-4<ax +2<4,得-6<ax <2. ∴(ax -2)(ax +6)<0,其解集为(-1,3),∴a =-2. [点评] 可用方程的根与不等式解集的关系求解.(理)对于实数x 、y ,若|x -1|≤1,|y -2|≤1,则|x -2y +1|的最大值为( )A .5B .4C .8D .7 [答案] A[解析] 由题易得,|x -2y +1|=|(x -1)-2(y -2)-2|≤|x -1|+|2(y -2)|+2≤5,即|x -2y +1|的最大值为5.二、填空题5.(2013·天津)设a +b =2,b >0,则12|a |+|a |b 的最小值为________. [答案] 34[解析] 因为12|a |+|a |b =a +b 4|a |+|a |b ≥a4|a |+2b 4|a |·|a |b =a 4|a |+1≥-14+1=34,当且仅当b 4|a |=|a |b ,a <0,即a =-2,b =4时取等号,故12|a |+|a |b 的最小值是34.6.(文)不等式log 3(|x -4|+|x +5|)>a 对于一切x ∈R 恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________.[答案] (-∞,2)[解析] 由绝对值的几何意义知:|x -4|+|x +5|≥9,则log 3(|x -4|+|x +5|)≥2,所以要使不等式log 3(|x -4|+|x +5|)>a 对于一切x ∈R 恒成立,则需a <2.(理)(2013·昆明重点中学检测)已知不等式2x -1≥15|a 2-a |对于x ∈[2,6]恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________.[答案] [-1,2][解析] 设y =2x -1,x ∈[2,6],则y ′=-2(x -1)2<0,则y =2x -1在区间[2,6]上单调递减,则y min =26-1=25,故不等式2x -1≥15|a 2-a |对于x ∈[2,6]恒成立等价于15|a 2-a |≤25成立,等价于⎩⎨⎧a 2-a -2≤0,a 2-a +2≥0.解得-1≤a ≤2,故a 的取值范围是[-1,2].7.(2013·陕西)设a ,b ∈R ,|a -b |>2,则关于实数x 的不等式|x -a |+|x -b |>2的解集是________.[答案] (-∞,+∞)[解析] ∵|x -a |+|x -b |≥|a -b |>2, ∴|x -a |+|x -b |>2恒成立,则解集为R .8.(2012·陕西)若存有实数x 使|x -a |+|x -1|≤3成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________.[答案] -2≤a ≤4[解析] |x -a |+|x -1|≥|a -1|,则只需要|a -1|≤3,解得-2≤a ≤4.9.若a >0,b >0,则p =(ab )a +b 2,q =a b ·b a 的大小关系是________. [答案] p ≥q[解析] ∵a >0,b >0,∴p =(ab )a +b2>0,q =a b ·b a >0, p q =(ab )a +b 2a b b a=a a -b 2·b b -a 2=⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a b a -b 2.若a >b ,则ab >1,a -b 2>0,∴⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a b a -b 2>1;若a <b ,则0<ab <1,a -b 2<0,∴⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a b a -b 2>1;若a =b ,则ab =1,a -b 2=0,∴⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a b a -b 2=1.∴⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a b a -b 2≥1,即pq ≥1.∵q >0,∴p ≥q . [点评] 可使用特值法,令a =1,b =1,则p =1,q =1,有p=q ;令a =2,b =4,有p =83=512,q =24×42=256,∴p >q ,故填p ≥q . 三、解答题10.(文)已知函数f (x )=|x -7|-|x -3|. (1)作出函数f (x )的图象;(2)当x <5时,不等式|x -8|-|x -a |>2恒成立,求a 的取值范围. [解析] (1)∵f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧4,(x ≤3),10-2x ,(3<x <7),-4(x ≥7),图象如图所示:(2)∵x <5,∴|x -8|-|x -a |>2,即8-x -|x -a |>2, 即|x -a |<6-x ,对x <5恒成立. 即x -6<x -a <6-x 对x <5恒成立,∴⎩⎨⎧a <6,a >2x -6.对x <5恒成立.又∵x <5时,2x -6<4,∴4≤a <6. ∴a 的取值范围为[4,6).(理)已知函数f (x )=|x +1|+|x -3|. (1)作出函数y =f (x )的图象;(2)若对任意x ∈R ,f (x )≥a 2-3a 恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围. [解析] (1)①当x ≤-1时,f (x )=-x -1-x +3=-2x +2; ②当-1<x <3时,f (x )=x +1+3-x =4; ③当x ≥3时,f (x )=x +1+x -3=2x -2. ∴f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧-2x +2,x ≤-1,4,-1<x <3,2x -2,x ≥3.∴y =f (x )的图象如图所示.(2)由(1)知f (x )的最小值为4,由题意可知a 2-3a ≤4,即a 2-3a -4≤0,解得-1≤a ≤4.故实数a 的取值范围为[-1,4].水平拓展提升一、填空题11.(文)(2013·石家庄模拟)若不等式|3x -b |<4的解集中的整数有且仅有1,2,3,则b 的取值范围为________.[答案] (5,7)[解析] ∵|3x -b |<4,∴b -43<x <b +43. 由题意得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧0≤b -43<1,3<b +43≤4,解得5<b <7,∴b 的取值范围是(5,7).(理)若a 、b 是正常数,a ≠b ,x ,y ∈(0,+∞),则a 2x +b 2y ≥(a +b )2x +y ,当且仅当a x =b y 时上式取等号.利用以上结论,能够得到函数f (x )=2x +91-2x(x ∈(0,12))的最小值为________. [答案] 25[解析] 依据给出的结论可知f (x )=42x +91-2x ≥(2+3)22x +(1-2x )=25等号在22x =31-2x,即x =15时成立.12.(文)(2013·山东师大附中三模)不等式|2x +1|+|x -1|<2的解集为________.[答案] (-23,0)[解析] 当x ≤-12时,原不等式等价为-(2x +1)-(x -1)<2,即-3x <2,x >-23,此时-23<x ≤-12.当-12<x <1时,原不等式等价为(2x +1)-(x -1)<2,即x <0,此时-12<x <0.当x ≥1时,原不等式等价为(2x +1)+(x -1)<2,即3x <2,x <23,此时不等式无解.综上,不等式的解集为-23<x <0.(理)不等式|x +log 3x |<|x |+|log 3x |的解集为________. [答案] {x |0<x <1}[解析] 由对数函数定义得x >0,又由绝对值不等式的性质知,|x +log 3x |≤|x |+|log 3x |,当且仅当x 与log 3x 同号时等号成立,∵x >0,∴log 3x >0,∴x >1,故原不等式的解集为{x |0<x <1}.二、解答题13.(文)(2013·福建理,21)设不等式|x -2|<a (a ∈N *)的解集为A ,且32∈A ,12∉A .(1)求a 的值;(2)求函数f (x )=|x +a |+|x -2|的最小值.[解析] (1)因为32∈A ,且12∉A ,所以|32-2|<a ,且|12-2|≥a , 解得12<a ≤32.又因为a ∈N *,所以a =1.(2)因为|x +1|+|x -2|≥|(x +1)-(x -2)|=3,当且仅当(x +1)(x -2)≤0,即-1≤x ≤2时取到等号.所以f (x )的最小值为3.(理)(2013·福建龙岩模拟)已知函数f (x )=|x -3|,g (x )=-|x +4|+m .(1)已知常数a <2,解关于x 的不等式f (x )+a -2>0;(2)若函数f (x )的图象恒在函数g (x )图象的上方,求实数m 的取值范围.[解析] (1)由f (x )+a -2>0得|x -3|>2-a , ∴x -3>2-a 或x -3<a -2,∴x >5-a 或x <a +1. 故不等式的解集为(-∞,a +1)∪(5-a ,+∞) (2)∵函数f (x )的图象恒在函数g (x )图象的上方, ∴f (x )>g (x )恒成立,即m <|x -3|+|x +4|恒成立. ∵|x -3|+|x +4|≥|(x -3)-(x -4)|=7, ∴m 的取值范围为m <7.14.(2013·新课标Ⅱ理,24)设a 、b 、c 均为正数,且a +b +c =1,证明:(1)ab +bc +ac ≤13; (2)a 2b +b 2c +c 2a ≥1.[解析] (1)由a 2+b 2≥2ab ,b 2+c 2≥2bc ,c 2+a 2≥2ca 得,a 2+b 2+c 2≥ab +bc +ca . 由题设得(a +b +c )2=1, 即a 2+b 2+c 2+2ab +2bc +2ca =1. 所以3(ab +bc +ca )≤1,即ab +bc +ca ≤13. (2)因为a 2b +b ≥2a ,b 2c +c ≥2b ,c 2a +a ≥2c , 故a 2b +b 2c +c 2a +(a +b +c )≥2(a +b +c ), 即a 2b +b 2c +c 2a ≥a +b +c .所以a 2b +b 2c +c 2a ≥1. 15.(文)设不等式|2x -1|<1的解集是M ,a 、b ∈M . (1)试比较ab +1与a +b 的大小;(2)设max 表示数集A 中的最大数.h =max{2a ,a 2+b 2ab ,2b },求证:h ≥2.[解析] 由|2x -1|<1得-1<2x -1<1,解得0<x <1. 所以M ={x |0<x <1}.(1)由a 、b ∈M ,得0<a <1,0<b <1, 所以(ab +1)-(a +b )=(a -1)(b -1)>0. 故ab +1>a +b .(2)由h =max{2a ,a 2+b 2ab ,2b},得h ≥2a ,h ≥a 2+b 2ab ,h ≥2b, 所以h 3≥2a ·a 2+b 2ab ·2b=4(a 2+b 2)ab ≥8,故h ≥2. (理)已知a 、b 为正实数.(1)求证:a 2b +b 2a ≥a +b ;(2)利用(1)的结论求函数y =(1-x )2x +x 21-x(0<x <1)的最小值. [解析] (1)证法一:∵a >0,b >0, ∴(a +b )(a 2b +b 2a )=a 2+b 2+a 3b +b 3a≥a 2+b 2+2ab =(a +b )2. ∴a 2b +b 2a ≥a +b ,当且仅当a =b 时等号成立. 证法二:∵a 2b +b 2a -(a +b )=a 3+b 3-a 2b -ab 2ab=a 3-a 2b -(ab 2-b 3)ab =a 2(a -b )-b 2(a -b )ab=(a -b )2(a +b )ab. 又∵a >0,b >0,∴(a -b )2(a +b )ab≥0, 当且仅当a =b 时等号成立.∴a 2b +b 2a ≥a +b .(2)解:∵0<x <1,∴1-x >0,由(1)的结论,函数y =(1-x )2x +x 21-x≥(1-x )+x =1. 当且仅当1-x =x 即x =12时等号成立.∴函数y =(1-x )2x +x 21-x(0<x <1)的最小值为1.考纲要求1.理解绝对值的几何意义,并了解下列不等式成立的几何意义及取等号的条件:(1)|a +b |≤|a |+|b |(a ,b ∈R ).(2)|a -b |≤|a -c |+|c -b |(a ,b ∈R ).2.会利用绝对值的几何意义求解以下类型的不等式:|ax +b |≤c ,|ax +b |≥c ,|x -c |+|x -b |≥a .3.了解柯西不等式的几种不同形式,理解它们的几何意义,并会证明.4.通过一些简单问题了解证明不等式的基本方法:比较法、综合法、分析法、反证法.补充说明1.证明不等式常用的方法(1)比较法:依据a >b ⇔a -b >0,a <b ⇔a -b <0来证明不等式的方法称作比较法.其基本步骤:作差→配方或因式分解→判断符号→得出结论.(2)综合法:从已知条件出发,利用定义、公理、定理、性质等,经过一系列的推理论证得出命题成立的方法.它是由因导果法.(3)分析法:从要证明结论出发,逐步寻求使它成立的充分条件,直至所需条件为已知条件或一个明显成立的事实(定义、公理或已证明过的定理、性质等),从而得出要证明的命题成立的方法,它是执果索因的方法.分析法与综合法常常结合起来运用,看由已知条件能产生什么结果,待证命题需要什么条件,两边凑一凑找出证明途径.常常是分析找思路,综合写过程.(4)反证法:证明不等式时,首先假设要证明的命题不成立,把它作为条件和其它条件结合在一起,利用已知定义、定理、公理、性质等基本原理进行正确推理,逐步推证出一个与命题的条件或已证明过的定理、性质,或公认的简单事实相矛盾的结论,以此说明原假设不正确,从而肯定原命题成立的方法称为反证法.(5)放缩法:证明不等式时,根据需要把需证明的不等式的值适当放大或缩小,使其化繁为简,化难为易,达到证明目的,这种方法称为放缩法.2.柯西不等式(1)一般形式:设a1、a2、…、a n、b1、b2、…、b n为实数,则(a21+a22+…+a2n)(b21+b22+…+b2n)≥(a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n)2.当且仅当b i=0,或存在一个实数k,使得a i=kb i(i=1、2、…、n)时,等号成立.(2)二维形式的柯西不等式:①代数形式:设a、b、c、d均为实数,则(a2+b2)(c2+d2)≥(ac+bd)2.上式等号成立⇔ad =bc .②向量形式:设α、β为平面上的两个向量,则|α||β|≥|α·β|.当且仅当β是零向量或存在实数k ,使α=k β时,等号成立.③三角形式:设x 1、x 2、y 1、y 2∈R ,则x 21+y 21+x 22+y 22≥(x 1-x 2)2+(y 1-y 2)2,其几何意义是三角形两边之和大于第三边.3.排序不等式设a 1≤a 2≤…≤a n ,b 1≤b 2≤…≤b n 为两组实数,c 1、c 2、…、c n 为b 1、b 2、…、b n 的任一排列,则有a 1b n +a 2b n -1+…+a n b 1≤a 1c 1+a 2c 2+…+a n c n ≤a 1b 1+a 2b 2+…+a n b n ,且反序和等于顺序和⇔a 1=a 2=…=a n 或b 1=b 2=…=b n .即反序和≤乱序和≤顺序和.4.贝努利不等式设x >-1,且x ≠0,n 为大于1的自然数,则(1+x )n >1+nx . 备选习题1.设a 、b 、c 为正数,且a +2b +3c =13,则3a +2b +c 的最大值为( )A.1693B.133C.1333D.13[答案] C[解析] (a +2b +3c )[(3)2+12+(13)2] ≥(3a +2b +c )2,∵a +2b +2c =13,∴(3a +2b +c )2≤1693, ∴3a +2b +c ≤1333, 当且仅当a 3=2b 1=3c 13取等号, 又∵a +2b +3c =13,∴a =9,b =32,c =13时,3a +2b +c 取最大值1333.2.(2013·陕西检测)若不等式|x +1|+|x -m |<6的解集为∅,则实数m 的取值范围为________.[答案] [5,+∞)∪(-∞,-7][解析] ∵不等式的解集为空集,|x +1|+|x -m |≥|m +1|,∴只需|m +1|≥6,∴m 的取值范围为[5,+∞)∪(-∞,-7].3.(2013·云南玉溪一中月考)已知函数f (x )=|x +1|+|x -2|-m .(1)当m =5时,求f (x )>0的解集;(2)若关于x 的不等式f (x )≥2的解集是R ,求m 的取值范围.[解析] (1)由题设知|x +1|+|x -2|>5,⎩⎨⎧ x ≥2,x +1+x -2>5,或⎩⎨⎧ -1≤x <2,x +1-x +2>5,或⎩⎨⎧ x <-1,-x -1-x +2>5.解得原不等式的解集为(-∞,-2)∪(3,+∞).(2)不等式f (x )≥2即|x +1|+|x -2|≥m +2,∵x ∈R 时,恒有|x +1|+|x -2|≥|(x +1)-(x -2)|=3,不等式|x +1|+|x -2|≥m +2的解集是R ,∴m +2≤3,m 的取值范围是(-∞,1].4.(1)解关于x 的不等式x +|x -1|≤3;(2)若关于x 的不等式x +|x -1|≤a 有解,求实数a 的取值范围.[解析] 设f (x )=x +|x -1|,则f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x -1(x ≥1),1 (x <1). (1)当x ≥1时,2x -1≤3,∴1≤x ≤2,又x <1时,不等式显然成立,∴原不等式的解集为{x |x ≤2}.(2)由于x ≥1时,函数y =2x -1是增函数,其最小值为f (1)=1; 当x <1时,f (x )=1,∴f (x )的最小值为1.因为x +|x -1|≤a 有解,即f (x )≤a 有解,所以a ≥1.5.(2013·辽宁理,24)已知函数f (x )=|x -a |,其中a >1.(1)当a =2时,求不等式f (x )≥4-|x -4|的解集;(2)已知关于x 的不等式|f (2x +a )-2f (x )|≤2的解集为{x |1≤x ≤2},求a 的值.[解析] (1)当a =2时,f (x )+|x -4|=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ -2x +6,x ≤2,2,2<x <4,2x -6,x ≥4.当x ≤2时,由f (x )≥4-|x -4|得-2x +6≥4,解得x ≤1; 当2<x <4时,f (x )≥4-|x -4|无解;当x ≥4时,由f (x )≥4-|x -4|得2x -6≥4,解得x ≥5; 所以f (x )≥4-|x -4|的解集为{x |x ≤1或x ≥5}.(2)记h (x )=f (2x +a )-2f (x ),则h (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ -2a ,x ≤0,4x -2a ,0<x <a .2a ,x ≥a .∵a >1,∴x ≤0时,h (x )=-2a <-2,x ≥a 时,h (x )=2a >2,而已知不等式|h (x )|≤2的解集为{x |1≤x ≤2}, ∴不等式|h (x )|≤2化为⎩⎨⎧ -2≤4x -2a ≤2,0<x <a ,即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ a -12≤x ≤a +12,0<x <a ,∵a >1,∴a -12>0,a +12<a ,∴由|h (x )|≤2,解得a -12≤x ≤a +12.又∵|h (x )|≤2的解集为{x |1≤x ≤2},∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ a -12=1,a +12=2,于是a =3.[点评] 第(2)问是求解的难点,可借助图象帮助理解.作出h (x )的图象如图.∵a >1,|h (x )|≤2的解集为{x |1≤x ≤2},∴|h (x )|≤2,即|4x -2a |≤2.此不等式的解集为{x |1≤x ≤2}.。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 25

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 25

Unit 3 A taste of English humourⅠ.单词拼写1.________(不幸的是), his car got caught in the snowstorm.2.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be________(咀嚼)and digested.3.It's hard for her to decide what to buy because she is quite________(挑剔)about the things she buys.4.Whoever comes, my mother will________(招待)him the best food of our family.5.He made a big________(发财)during the stay in South Africa.6.As long as we are united, there is no difficulty we cannot________(克服).7.French has many________(多山的)regions for skiing in winter.8.Lincoln is one of the________(杰出的)presidents of the American history.9.What are you two________(低语)about?10.It seems that he is quite________(满意的)with what he has got.答案:1.Unfortunately 2.chewed 3.particular 4.entertain5.fortune 6.overcome7.mountainous8.outstanding9.whispering10.contentⅡ.完成句子(根据A句意义完成B句)1.A:Y ou shouldn't complain so much. Other people are not richer than you.B:Y ou shouldn't complain so much. Other people are______ ________than you.2.A:After the power failed, she had to deliver the baby in the darkness.B:After the power was________ ________,she had to deliver the baby in the darkness.3.A:Do you know who will be the main actor in this film?B:Who do you think will________ ________this film?4.A:We are satisfied with the excellent achievement you have made.B:We________ ________ ________the excellent achievement you have made.5.A:There are so many models on sale that I don't know which one to choose.B:There are so many models on sale that I don't know which to________ ________.6.A:Having a walk along the street, I came across one of my friends who were working in the same city.B:When I walked along the street, I________ ________one of my friends who were working in the same city.答案:1.worse off 2.cut off 3.star in 4.are content with 5.pick out 6.knocked intoⅢ.单项填空1.The experiment is________failure.But do remember that,in the face of________failure,you should still keep up______good state of mind.A./;the;the B.a;/;theC.the;/;the D.a;/;a答案:D考查冠词。

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业15

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业15

必修3Module 3The Violence of Nature Ⅰ.根据句意,用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空carelessness was very serious.2.Without firemen the villagers around tried many ways to ________ the fire.3.When you are caught in a storm, don't stand under a tree, or a lightning may ________.4.The flood did little ________ because people had made full preparations.5.If you don't make efforts, it is quite possible that you will ________ failure.6.People ________ of the dangerous animal didn't dare to come out at night.7.There were twelve of us ________ for dinner.8.Mary was ________ at the scene when she saw what had happened.9.The dog had ________ its bone in the garden.10.Great changes ________ in my hometown in the last few years.答案:1.caused 2.put out 3.strike 4.damage 5.end up in6.warned7.in all8.terrified9.buried10.have taken place Ⅱ.翻译句子1.在宴会上,开始一道菜是汤,最后一道菜是水果。

高三数学 第九章 立体几何 课后作业及详细解答(3)

高三数学  第九章 立体几何  课后作业及详细解答(3)

课后作业基础巩固强化一、选择题1.(文)已知E、F、G、H是空间内四个点,条件甲:E、F、G、H四点不共面,条件乙:直线EF和GH不相交,则甲是乙成立的() A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件[答案] A[解析]点E、F、G、H四点不共面可以推出直线EF和GH不相交;但由直线EF和GH不相交不一定能推出E、F、G、H四点不共面,例如:EF和GH平行,这也是直线EF和GH不相交的一种情况,但E、F、G、H四点共面.故甲是乙成立的充分不必要条件.(理)在空间四边形ABCD的边AB、BC、CD、DA上分别取E、F、G、H四点,若EF与GH交于点M,则()A.M一定在AC上B.M一定在BD上C.M可能在AC上也可能在BD上D.M不在AC上,也不在BD上[答案] A[解析]点M在平面ABC内,又在平面ADC内,故必在交线AC上.2.(文)若直线l不平行于平面α,且l⊄α,则()A.α内的所有直线与l异面B.α内不存在与l平行的直线C.α内存在唯一的直线与l平行D.α内的直线与l都相交[答案] B[解析]由题意知直线l与平面α相交,不妨设直线l∩α=M,对A,在α内过M点的直线与l不异面,A错误;对B,假设存在与l平行的直线m,则由m∥l得l∥α,这与l∩α=M矛盾,故B正确,C错误;对D,α内存在与l异面的直线,故D错误.综上知选B.(理)平行六面体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,既与AB共面也与CC1共面的棱的条数为()A.3B.4C.5D.6[答案] C[解析]如图,平行六面体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,既与AB共面,也与CC1共面的棱为BC、C1D1、DC、AA1、BB1,共5条.3.(2014·汉沽一中检测)已知平面α和不重合的两条直线m、n,下列选项正确的是()A.如果m⊂α,n⊄α,m、n是异面直线,那么n∥αB.如果m⊂α,n与α相交,那么m、n是异面直线C.如果m⊂α,n∥α,m、n共面,那么m∥nD.如果m⊥α,n⊥m,那么n∥α[答案] C[解析]如图(1)可知A错;如图(2)可知B错;如图(3),m⊥α,n是α内的任意直线,都有n⊥m,故D错.∵n∥α,∴n与α无公共点,∵m⊂α,∴n与m无公共点,又m、n共面,∴m∥n,故选C.4.(文)正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,与对角线AC1异面的棱有()A.3条B.4条C.6条D.8条[答案] C[解析]在正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,与对角线AC1有公共点A的和有公共点C1的各有3条,其余6条所在正方体的面与AC1均相交,且交点不在这些棱上,由异面直线判定定理知,这6条与AC1都异面,故选C.(理)如图是正方体或四面体,P、Q、R、S分别是所在棱的中点,则这四个点不共面的一个图是()[答案] D[解析]A中,PS∥QR;B中如图可知此四点共面;C中PS∥QR;D中RS在经过平面PQS内一点和平面PQS外一点的直线上,故选D.5.(2013·南昌第一次模拟)设a,b是夹角为30°的异面直线,则满足条件“a⊂α,b⊂β,且α⊥β”的平面α,β()A.不存在B.有且只有一对C.有且只有两对D.有无数对[答案] D[解析]过直线a的平面α有无数个.当平面α与直线b平行时,两直线的公垂线与b确定的平面β⊥α;当平面α与b相交时,过交点作平面α的的垂线与b确定的平面β⊥α,∵平面α有无数个,∴满足条件的平面α、β有无数对,故选D.6.(文)(2013·惠州调研)已知m、n是两条不同直线,α、β、γ是三个不同平面,下列命题中正确的是()A .若m ∥α,n ∥α,则m ∥nB .若α⊥γ,β⊥γ,则α∥βC .若m ∥α,m ∥β,则α∥βD .若m ⊥α,n ⊥α,则m ∥n[答案] D[解析] 当m ∥α,n ∥α时,m 与n 可能相交、平行,也可能异面,故A 错;B 中α⊥γ,β⊥γ时,α与β可能平行,也可能相交,如长方体交于同一个顶点的三个面,故B 错;α∩β=l ,m ⊄α,m ⊄β,m ∥l 时,满足m ∥α,m ∥β,故C 错;由线面垂直的性质知, ⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫m ⊥αn ⊥α⇒m ∥n .(理)(2013·广东)设l 为直线,α,β是两个不同的平面.下列命题中正确的是( )A .若l ∥α,l ∥β,则α∥βB .若l ⊥α,l ⊥β,则α∥βC .若l ⊥α,l ∥β,则α∥βD .若α⊥β,l ∥α,则l ⊥β[答案] B[解析] 画出一个长方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1.对于A ,C 1D 1∥平面ABB 1A 1,C 1D 1∥平面ABCD ,但平面ABB 1A 1与平面ABCD 相交;对于C ,BB 1⊥平面ABCD ,BB 1∥平面ADD 1A 1,但平面ABCD 与平面ADD 1A 1相交;对于D ,平面ABB 1A 1⊥平面ABCD ,CD ∥平面ABB 1A 1,但CD ⊂平面ABCD .二、填空题7.在图中,G 、H 、M 、N 分别是正三棱柱的顶点或所在棱的中点,则使直线GH 、MN 是异面直线的图形有________.(填上所有正确答案的序号)[答案]②④[解析]图①中,直线GH∥MN;图②中,G、H、N三点在三棱柱的侧面上,MG与这个侧面相交于G,∴M∉平面GHN,因此直线GH与MN异面;图③中,连接MG,GM∥HN,因此GH与MN共面;图④中,G、M、N共面,但H∉平面GMN,因此GH与MN异面.所以图②、④中GH与MN异面.8.如图,直三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1中,AB=1,BC=2,AC=5,AA1=3,M为线段BB1上的一动点,则当AM+MC1最小时,△AMC1的面积为________.[答案] 3[解析] 将三棱柱的侧面A 1ABB 1和B 1BCC 1以BB 1为折痕展平到一个平面α上,在平面α内AC 1与BB 1相交,则交点即为M 点,易求BM =1,∴AM =2,MC 1=22,又在棱柱中,AC 1=14,∴cos ∠AMC 1=AM 2+MC 21-AC 212AM ·MC 1=2+8-142×2×22=-12, ∴∠AMC 1=120°,∴S △AMC 1=12AM ·MC 1·sin ∠AMC 1=12×2×22×32= 3.9.(文)如图所示,已知正三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1的各条棱长都相等,M 是侧棱CC 1的中点,则异面直线AB 1和BM 所成的角的大小是________.[答案] 90°[解析] 取BC 的中点N ,连接AN ,则AN ⊥平面BCC 1B 1, ∵BM ⊂平面BCC 1B 1,∴AN ⊥BM ,又在正方形BCC 1B 1中,M 、N 分别为CC 1与BC 的中点,∴B 1N ⊥BM ,又B 1N ∩AN =N ,∴BM ⊥平面AB 1N ,∴BM ⊥AB 1,∴AB 1与BM 所成的角是90°.(理)在三棱锥P -ABC 中,P A ⊥底面ABC ,AC ⊥BC ,P A =AC =BC ,则直线PC 与AB 所成角的大小是________.[答案] 60°[解析]分别取P A 、AC 、CB 的中点F 、D 、E 连接FD 、DE 、EF 、AE ,则∠FDE 是直线PC 与AB 所成角或其补角.设P A =AC =BC =2a ,在△FDE 中,易求得FD =2a ,DE =2a ,FE =6a ,根据余弦定理,得cos ∠FDE =2a 2+2a 2-6a 22×2a ×2a=-12, 所以∠FDE =120°.所以PC 与AB 所成角的大小是60°.三、解答题10.(文)已知在正方体ABCD -A ′B ′C ′D ′中,M 、N 分别是A ′D ′、A ′B ′的中点,在该正方体中是否存在过顶点且与平面AMN 平行的平面?若存在,试作出该平面,并证明你的结论;若不存在,请说明理由.[分析] 假设存在经过B 点与平面AMN 平行的平面α,则平面A ′B ′C ′D ′与这两平行平面的交线应平行,由于M 、N 分别为A′D′、A′B′的中点,∴取C′D′的中点F,B′C′的中点E,则MN∥EF,可证明平面BDFE∥平面AMN,过其他点的截面同理可分析找出.[解析]存在.与平面AMN平行的平面有以下三种情况(E、F分别为所在棱的中点):下面以图(1)为例进行证明.∵四边形ABEM是平行四边形,∴BE∥AM,又BE⊂平面BDE,AM⊄平面BDE,∴AM∥平面BDFE.∵MN是△A′B′D′的中位线,∴MN∥B′D′,∵四边形BDD′B′是平行四边形,∴BD∥B′D′,∴MN∥BD,又BD⊂平面BDE,MN⊄平面BDE,∴MN∥平面BDFE,又AM⊂平面AMN,MN⊂平面AMN,且AM∩MN=M,∴由平面与平面平行的判定定理可得,平面AMN∥平面BDFE.(理)如图所示,在长方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,AB=AD=1,AA1=2,M是棱CC1的中点.(1)求异面直线A1M和C1D1所成的角的正切值;(2)证明:平面ABM⊥平面A1B1M.[解析]方法1:(1)如图,因为C1D1∥B1A1,所以∠MA1B1为异面直线A1M与C1D1所成的角.因为A1B1⊥平面BCC1B1,所以∠A1B1M=90°,而A1B1=1,B1M=B1C21+MC21=2,故tan∠MA1B1=B1MA1B1= 2.即异面直线A1M和C1D1所成的角的正切值为 2.(2)证明:由A1B1⊥平面BCC1B1,BM⊂平面平面BCC1B1,得A1B1⊥BM①由(1)知,B1M=2,又BM=BC2+CM2=2,B1B=2,所以B1M2+BM2=B1B2,从而BM⊥B1M②又A1B1∩B1M=B1,∴BM⊥平面A1B1M,而BM⊂平面ABM,因此平面ABM⊥平面A1B1M.方法2:以A 为原点,AB →,AD →,AA 1→的方向分别作为x 、y 、z 轴的正方向,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系,则A (0,0,0),B (1,0,0),A 1(0,0,2),B 1(1,0,2),C 1(1,1,2),D 1(0,1,2),M (1,1,1).(1)A 1M →=(1,1,-1),C 1D 1→=(-1,0,0),cos 〈A 1M →,C 1D 1→〉=-13×1=-33. 设异面直线A 1M 与C 1D 1所成角为α,则cos α=33,∴tan α= 2.即异面直线A 1M 和C 1D 1所成的角的正切值是 2.(2)证明:A 1B 1→=(1,0,0),BM →=(0,1,1),B 1M →=(0,1,-1),A 1B 1→·BM →=0,BM →·B 1M →=0,∴A 1B 1→⊥BM →,BM →⊥B 1M →,即BM ⊥A 1B 1,BM ⊥B 1M ,又B 1M ∩A 1B 1=B 1,∴BM ⊥平面A 1B 1M ,而BM ⊂平面ABM ,因此ABM ⊥平面A 1B 1M .能力拓展提升一、选择题11.(文)(2014·雅礼中学月考)l1、l2、l3是空间三条不同的直线,则下列命题正确的是()A.l1⊥l2,l2⊥l3⇒l1∥l3B.l1⊥l2,l2∥l3⇒l1⊥l3C.l1∥l2∥l3⇒l1、l2、l3共面D.l1、l2、l3共点⇒l1、l2、l3共面[答案] B[解析]举反例,由教室内共点的三条墙角线可知A、D是错误的;由三棱柱的三条侧棱可知C是错误的.故选B.(理)(2014·荆州中学月考)如图,在正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,M,N分别是BC1、CD1的中点,则下列判断错误的是()A.MN与CC1垂直B.MN与AC垂直C.MN与BD平行D.MN与A1B1平行[答案] D[解析]由于C1D1与A1B1平行,MN与C1D1是异面直线,所以MN与A1B1是异面直线,故选项D错误.[点评] 取CD 中点Q ,BC 中点R ,则NQ 綊12D 1D ,MR 綊12CC 1,∵CC 1綊D 1D ,∴NQ 綊MR ,∴MN ∥QR ,∵QR ∥BD ,AC ⊥BD ,∴AC ⊥MN ,∴B 正确;∵MN ∥QR ,QR ∥BD ,∴MN ∥BD ,∴C 正确;∵CC 1⊥平面ABCD ,∴CC 1⊥PQ ,∴CC 1⊥MN ,∴A 正确.12.(2012·山西联考)已知直线m 、n 与平面α、β,下列命题中正确的是( )A .m ∥β,α∥β,则m ∥αB .平面α内不共线三点到平面β的距离相等,则α∥βC .α∩β=m ,n ⊥m 且α⊥β,则n ⊥αD .m ⊥α,n ⊥β且α⊥β,则m ⊥n[答案] D[解析] 当m ⊂α时,也可满足m ∥β,α∥β,故①错;当α∩β=l ,三点A 、B 、C 位于l 的两侧,AB ∥l ,直线AB 到l 的距离与点C 到l 的距离相等时,满足A 、B 、C 三点到平面β的距离相等,故②错;由面面垂直的性质知,C 错,因为只有在满足n ⊂β内时,才能由n ⊥m 得出n ⊥α的结论;⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫α⊥βn ⊥β⇒n ∥α或n ⊂α m ⊥α⇒m ⊥n ,故D 正确. 二、填空题13.(2013·武汉武昌区联考)已知直线l ⊥平面α,直线m ⊂平面β,有下列命题:①α∥β⇒l ⊥m ;②α⊥β⇒l ∥m ;③l ∥m ⇒α⊥β;④l ⊥m ⇒α∥β.其中正确命题的序号是________.[答案] ①③[解析] ①正确,∵l ⊥α,α∥β,∴l ⊥β,又m ⊂β,∴l ⊥m ;②错误,l ,m 还可以垂直,斜交或异面;③正确,∵l ⊥α,l ∥m ,∴m ⊥α,又m ⊂β,∴α⊥β;④错误,α与β可能相交.14.(2013·贵阳一模)在正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中,M ,N 分别为A 1B 1,BB 1的中点,则异面直线AM 与CN 所成角的余弦值为________.[答案] 25[解析] 如图,取AB 的中点E ,连接B 1E ,则AM ∥B 1E ,取EB 的中点F ,连接FN ,则B 1E ∥FN ,因此AM ∥FN ,则直线FN 与CN 所夹的锐角或直角为异面直线AM 与CN 所成的角.设AB =1,连接CF ,在△CFN 中,CN =52,FN =54,CF =174.由余弦定理得cos ∠CNF =CN 2+FN 2-CF 22CN ·FN =25. 三、解答题15.(2013·江苏)如图,在三棱锥S -ABC 中,平面SAB ⊥平面SBC ,AB ⊥BC ,AS =AB .过A 作AF ⊥SB ,垂足为F ,点E ,G 分别是棱SA ,SC的中点.求证:(1)平面EFG∥平面ABC;(2)BC⊥SA.[解析](1)因为AS=AB,AF⊥SB,垂足为F,所以F是SB的中点.又因为E是SA的中点,所以EF∥AB.因为EF⊄平面ABC,AB⊂平面ABC,所以EF∥平面ABC.同理EG∥平面ABC.又EF∩EG=E,所以平面EFG∥平面ABC.(2)因为平面SAB⊥平面SBC,且交线为SB,又AF⊂平面SAB,AF⊥SB,所以AF⊥平面SBC,因为BC⊂平面SBC,所以AF⊥BC.又因为AB⊥BC,AF∩AB=A,AF,AB⊂平面SAB,所以BC⊥平面SAB.因为SA⊂平面SAB,所以BC⊥SA.考纲要求理解空间直线、平面位置关系的定义,并了解可以作为推理依据的公理和定理.补充说明1.异面直线的判定主要用定理法、反证法(1)定理法:过平面内一点与平面外一点的直线与平面内不经过该点的直线为异面直线(此结论可作为定理使用).(2)反证法:先假设两条直线不是异面直线,即两直线平行或相交,由假设的条件出发,经过严密的推理,导出矛盾,从而否定假设,肯定两条直线异面.2.求异面直线所成的角主要用平移法,其一般步骤为(1)平移:选取适当的点,平移异面直线的一条(或两条)成相交直线.(2)证明:证明所作的角是异面直线所成的角.(3)求解:找出含有此角的三角形,并解之.(4)取舍:根据异面直线所成角的范围确定大小.3.共线与共面问题证明共线时,所共的直线一般定位为两个平面的交线;证明共面问题时,一般先由已知条件确定一个平面(有平行直线的先用平行直线确定平面),再证其他元素在该平面内.4.求异面直线所成角异面直线所成角的大小,是用过空间任意一点分别引它们的平行线所成的锐角(或直角)来定义的.因此,平移直线是求异面直线所成角的关键.这里给出几种平移直线的途径.(1)在已知平面内平移直线构造可解的三角形,或根据实际情况构造辅助平面,在辅助平面内平移直线构造可解的三角形,是求异面直线所成角的途径之一;这种方法常常是取两条异面直线中的一条和另一条上一点确定一个平面,在这个平面内过这个点作这条直线的平行线,或在两条异面直线上各选一点连线,构造两个辅助面过渡.[例1] 如图所示,在正方体AC 1中,M 、N 分别是A 1B 1、BB 1的中点,求异面直线AM 和CN 所成角的余弦值.[解析] 在平面ABB 1A 1内作EN ∥AM 交AB 于E ,则EN 与CN 所成的锐角(或直角)即为AM 和CN 所成的角.设正方体棱长为a .在△CNE 中,可求得CN =52a ,NE =54a ,CE =174a ,由余弦定理得,cos ∠CNE =EN 2+CN 2-CE 22EN ·CN =25. 即异面直角AM 与CN 所成角的余弦值为25.(2)利用平行平面平移直线构成可解的三角形,是求异面直线所成角的途径之二;这种方法常见于两条异面直线分别在两个互相平行的平面内,可利用面面平行的性质,将一条直线平移到另一条所在的平面内.[例2] 如图所示,正方体AC 1中,B 1E 1=D 1F 1=A 1B 14,求BE 1与DF 1所成角的余弦值.[解析] ∵平面ABB 1A 1∥平面DCC 1D 1,∴在A 1B 1上取H ,使A 1H =A 1B 14,即可得:AH ∥DF 1.引NH ∥BE 1,则锐角∠AHN 就是DF 1与BE 1所成的角.设正方体棱长为a ,在△AHN 中,易求得:AN =a 2,AH =NH =BE 1=174a .由余弦定理得,cos ∠AHN =AH 2+HN 2-AN 22AH ·HN =1517. 即BE 1与DF 1所成的角的余弦值为1517.(3)整体平移几何体,构造可解的三角形,是求异面直线所成角的途径之三.这种方法常常是将原有几何体上再拼接上同样的一个几何体(相当于将原几何体作了一个平移)创造平移直线的条件.[例3] 如下图长方体AC 1中,AB =12,BC =3,AA 1=4,N 在A 1B 1上,且B 1N =4.求BD 1与C 1N 所成角的余弦值.[解析] 如图所示,将长方体AC 1平移到BCFE -B 1C 1F 1E 1的位置,则C 1E ∥BD 1,C 1E 与C 1N 所成的锐角(或直角)就是BD 1与C 1N 所成的角.在△NC 1E 中,根据已知条件可求B 1N =4,C 1N =5,C 1E =13,EN =E 1N 2+EE 21=417.由余弦定理,得cos ∠NC 1E =C 1N 2+C 1E 2-EN 22C 1N ·C 1E =-35. ∴BD 1与C 1N 所成角的余弦值为35.备选习题1.空间中一条线段AB 的三视图中,俯视图是长度为1的线段,侧视图是长度为2的线段,则线段AB 的长度的取值范围是( )A .(0,2]B .[2,5]C .[2,3]D .[2,10] [答案] B[解析] 以线段AB 为体对角线构造长方体,设长方体的长、宽、高分别为x 、y 、z ,则由题意知,⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2+y 2=1,y 2+z 2=4.∴AB 2=x 2+y 2+z 2=5-y 2,∵x 2>0,∴1-y 2>0,∴0<y 2<1,∴4<AB2<5,∴2<AB< 5.特别地,当AB为面对角线时,AB=2或5成立,∴2≤AB≤ 5.2.若空间中有四个点,则“这四个点中有三点在同一条直线上”是“这四个点在同一个平面上”的()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既非充分又非必要条件[答案] A[解析]若有三点共线于l,当第四点在l上时共面,当第四点不在l上时,l与该点确定一个平面α,这四点共面于α;若四点共面,则未必有三点共线.3.设直线m与平面α相交但不.垂直,则下列说法中正确的是()A.在平面α内有且只有一条直线与直线m垂直B.过直线m有且只有一个平面与平面α垂直C.与直线m垂直的直线不.可能与平面α平行D.与直线m平行的平面不.可能与平面α垂直[答案] B[解析]如图,m是α的斜线,P A⊥α,l⊂α,l⊥AB,则l⊥m,α内所有与l平行的直线都垂直于m,故A错;即可知过m有且仅有一个平面P AB与α垂直,假设有两个平面都与α垂直,则这两个平面的交线m应与α垂直,与条件矛盾,∴B正确;又l′⊄α,l′∥l,∴l′∥α,∵l⊥m,∴l′⊥m,∴C错;又在平面α内取不在直线AB上的一点D,过D可作平面与平面P AB平行,∴m∥β,∵平面P AB⊥α,∴平面β⊥α.4.(2013·昆明调研)如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD中,ABCD为平行四边形,且BC⊥平面P AB,P A⊥AB,M为PB的中点,P A=AD=2,AB=1.(1)求证:PD∥平面AMC;(2)求三棱锥A-MBC的高.[解析](1)如图,连接BD ,设BD 与AC 相交于点O ,连接OM , ∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴点O 为BD 的中点.∵M 为PB 的中点,∴OM 为△PBD 的中位线,∴OM ∥PD ,∵OM ⊂平面AMC ,PD ⊄平面AMC ,∴PD ∥平面AMC .(2)∵BC ⊥平面P AB ,AD ∥BC ,∴AD ⊥平面P AB ,∴P A ⊥AD ,又P A ⊥AB ,且AD ∩AB =A ,∴P A ⊥平面ABCD .取AB 的中点F ,连接MF ,则MF ∥P A , ∴MF ⊥平面ABCD ,且MF =12P A =1.设三棱锥A -MBC 的高为h ,由V A -MBC =V M -ABC ,得13S △MBC ·h =13S △ABC ·MF ,得h=S△ABC·MFS△MBC=12·BC·AB·MF12·BC·BM=255.。

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业35

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业35

选修六Module 5CloningⅠ.单词拼写1.The tall boy ________ (威吓) him into stealing money.2.The white snow ________ (形成对比) with the brilliant blue sky.3.This medicine ________ (治愈) her of cough.4.I couldn't ________ (抵抗) glancing at her paper.5.In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will ________ (吸收) heat.6.The bad meat gave out a ________ (令人恶心的) smell.7.People ________ (怀疑) the truth of the news.8.Do you think it will be ________ (有益的) to your body?9.He ________ (招待) her to a dinner, but she refused.10.________ (追赶) after Tim and ask him to get some bananas while he's at the shop.答案:1.terrified 2.contrasts 3.cured 4.resist 5.absorb 6.disgusting7.suspect8.beneficial9.treated10.ChaseⅡ.用所给词语的正确形式填空2.The bridge __________________ in last earthquake.3.The angry fans ____________________ at last.4.The police ________ her ________ murder.5.The teachers must ________ the students ________ adults.6.The doctor devoted himself to ________ the patient ________cancer.答案:1.in contrast with 2.broke down 3.got out of control 4.suspected; of 5.treat; as 6.curing; ofⅢ.单项填空1.(2011·济南模拟)The ________ look on his face shows that he's greatly ________.A.terrified; terrifiedB.terrified; terrifyingC.terrifying; terrifyingD.terrifying; terrified答案:A句意:他脸上害怕的表情表明他极其恐惧。

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业18

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业18

必修三Module 6Old and New Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空2.The plane ________,causing over 200 death.3.It is ________ cold in the Antarctic.4.He is writing a ________ novel about nineteenth-century France.5.Our school football team ________ beat theirs by 21 points to 20.6.The damaged buildings are under ________ now.7.Would you tell us some stories of ________ such as LiBai, Du Fu and so on?8.Rescue crews __________________ two people from the collapsed building.9.The festival ________ from the 15th century.10.The wall __________________ by flood water.答案:1.engineering 2.crashed 3.freezing 4.historical 5.narrowly 6.construction7.poets 8.removed9.dates10.was submergedⅡ.完成句子1.当她是学生时,她梦想成为一名演员。

As a schoolgirl, she ________________ becoming an actress.2.你知道这座塔建于什么时候吗?Do you know when the tower ________________________?3.我们每个人都希望我们的梦想会实现。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 30

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 30

Unit 2The United KingdomⅠ.单词拼写1.We are________(感到激动)to hear the wonderful piece of news that the people living in the mainland can fly direct to Taiwan.2.The second Children's Palace of Guangzhou sits in a______(极好的)location by the side of Pearl River.3.I hope that what I say will________(澄清)the situation.4.I keep my reference books near my desk for________(方便).5.The Tower of London is a great________(吸引)to tourists.6.We have________(完成)all we set out to do.7.What he wrote isn't________(一致)with what he told us.8.He________(整理)the books on the shelf.9.Travelling is my chief________(乐事).10.He seized the________(机会)to invite her home for dinner.答案:1.thrilled 2.splendid 3.clarify 4.convenience5.attraction 6.accomplished7.consistent8.arranged9.delight10.occasionⅡ.完成句子1.Our class________ ________(由……组成)more than 48 students________ ________ ________(被分成)6 groups.2.Nowadays many farmers want to______ ________ ________ ________________(脱离农村生活)and make a living in cities.(break)3.Please buy these books for me______ ________ ________(在你方便的时候).(convenience)4.I________ ________ ________(很高兴)to be invited to her birthday party.(delight)5.Little Tom________ ________ ________(是那么得激动)at going to the movie.(thrill) 答案:1.consisting of; is divided into 2.break away from rural life 3.at your convenience 4.was very delighted 5.was so thrilledⅢ.单项填空1.Y our mother________,however, say that to us that day.A.does B.didC.is doing D.was doing答案:B根据句中的时间状语that day可知,这里是对过去情况的叙述,did表示强调。

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业3

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业3

必修一Module 3My First Ride on a Train Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空distance,abandon,product,shoot,train,frighten,interview,exhaust1.He ________ his ship because it was damaged.2.He is a ________ relative of mine, and we don't often keep in touch with each other.3.The ________ man sounded as if he was dying of fright.4.We were ________ after a long walk.5.She was ________ in the leg.6.All the ________ for the job have to answer 20 questions in total.7.There must be enough ________ astronauts for our more progress in space exploration.8.________ of the new aircraft will start next year.答案:1.abandoned 2.distant 3.frightened 4.exhausted 5.shot 6.interviewees7.trained8.ProductionⅡ.完成句子1.很遗憾,你给我提供的信息已经过时了。

I regret to say the information you've offered is __________ ________.2.你的连衣裙从远处看不错。

Your dress looks all right ________.3.一看到妈妈,她就不再哭了。

如何利用高三复习阶段的课后作业进行巩固

如何利用高三复习阶段的课后作业进行巩固

如何利用高三复习阶段的课后作业进行巩固高三学生是备战高考的关键时刻,而课后作业则是复习的重要组成部分。

如何利用高三复习阶段的课后作业进行巩固,能够帮助学生更好地掌握知识,提高成绩。

本文将从合理安排作业时间、深入理解知识点、建立习题库和与同学互助等方面来论述如何充分利用课后作业进行巩固。

一、合理安排作业时间在高三复习阶段,时间非常宝贵。

学生需要合理安排作业时间,避免过分拖延造成时间浪费和学习压力的增大。

为了确保每个科目的作业都能够得到充分完成,可以制定一个作业计划表,每天明确规划好所需完成的作业科目和时间,按时完成。

二、深入理解知识点课后作业不仅仅是完成作业题目,更重要的是深入理解知识点。

在做作业的过程中,学生应该认真思考每个问题的解题思路,推敲每一步的原理和方法,弄清楚每个知识点的基本概念和应用方法。

而不仅仅是为了完成作业而匆忙涂抹答案。

三、建立习题库在高三复习阶段,建立一个习题库将是非常有用的。

将每个科目的重要考点和常见考题整理成习题,学生可以根据自己的需求进行分类整理,形成一个个知识点的习题库。

在每次课后作业完成后,不仅要做好作业题目,还可以从习题库中选择相关的习题来进行拓展练习,进一步巩固所学知识。

四、与同学互助在学习的过程中,同学间的互助也是非常重要的。

高三阶段,同学们可以组建学习小组,相互讨论作业中的难点和疑问,共同解决问题。

可以利用课后时间相互交流、分享自己的思路和解题方法,从而更好地理解和巩固知识。

此外,同学之间的竞争也能够激发学习的积极性,相互促进进步。

总结:高三复习阶段的课后作业是提高成绩的重要途径之一。

通过合理安排作业时间,深入理解知识点,建立习题库和与同学互助,可以充分利用课后作业进行巩固。

在备战高考的过程中,学生应该将课后作业看做是自己复习知识的机会,认真对待每一道题目,力求做到理解、掌握和巩固。

只有通过高效利用课后作业,才能更好地巩固知识,提高自己的考试成绩。

高三英语总复习:Unit 4 Making the news 课后强化作业

高三英语总复习:Unit 4 Making the news  课后强化作业

Unit 4Making the newsⅠ.单词拼写1.They had no maps to________(帮助)them.2.The workers are________(要求)better pay.3.If it's a legal matter you need to seek________(专业的)advice.4.He was________(快乐的)to hear the news that he was admitted to Beijing University.5.They are________(渴望)to travel abroad.6.Alice couldn't________(全神贯注)on what she was doing when her family were watching TV.7.We must study hard to________(获得)more knowledge when we are young.8.He made an________(约会)for his son to see the doctor.9.She is a________(有天赋的)singer.10.The manager finally________(批准)the plan.答案:1.assist 2.demanding 3.professional 4.delighted5.eager 6.concentrate7.acquire8.appointment9.gifted10.approvedⅡ.完成句子1.I don't________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(同意你在床上抽烟).(approve)2.Only when you are eighteen________ ________ ________ ________ ________(你才能参军).(join)3.The president________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(被指控向公众说谎).(accuse)4.Please________ ________ ________ ________ ________(告诉我你的计划)by letter.(inform)5.Everyone will________ ________ ________ ________ ________(帮助修理这座寺庙).(assist)6.As an adult, you shouldn't________ ________ ________ ________(依赖父母).(depend) 7.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ________ ________(我不仅见到了那位明星), but also I had a photo taken with him.(only)答案:1.approve of you smoking in bed 2.can you join the army 3.was accused of lying to the public rm me of your plan 5.assist in mending the temple 6.depend on your parents 7.Not only did I meet the famous starⅢ.单项填空1.He said that he had submitted the report________the matter________the director.A.on; for B.to; onC.on; to D.to; with答案:C report on sth.“关于……的报告”;submit...to...“向……提交……”。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 40

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 40

Unit 4Global warmingⅠ.单词拼写1.I________(扫视)up quickly to see who had come in.2.I know I can trust her in any________(情况).3.There's a lot of________(分歧)among politicians on this issue.4.One of the________(后果)of our planet's being warming up is an increase in the number of natural disasters.5.Large________(数量)of fish have recently been caught.6.Do you know the______(平均)monthly rainfall in this area?7.In nature, there are lots of________(现象)which can't be explained now.8.Keep the camera________(平稳)while you take a picture.9.In order to improve his daughter's English, he________(订阅)to English Weekly.10.The beautiful lady is always leading the latest________(趋势)in fashion.答案:1.glanced 2.circumstance 3.disagreement4.consequences 5.quantities 6.average7.phenomena8.steady9.subscribed10.trend/tendencyⅡ.完成句子1.________ ________ ________(总的来说), I'm satisfied with her progress.(whole)2.________ ________ ________(代表)my colleagues and myself I thank you.(behalf)3.________ ________ ________(只要)you listen to me, I'll help you.(long)4.He________ ________(扫视)the watch and decided to leave.(glance)5.How did the terrible accident________ ________(造成)?(come)6.The school often________ ________(订购)many books and magazines for the teachers to refer to.(subscribe)7.________ ________(大量的)books are needed to buy.(quantity)8.We________ ________ ________(反对)the plan he put forward at the meeting.(oppose) 答案:1.On the whole 2.On behalf of 3.So/As long as 4.glanced at e about 6.subscribes to7.Quantities of8.are opposed toⅢ.单项填空1.It's often less expensive to buy goods in________quantity, but you'd better examine________quality before buying them.A./; the B.the; /C.a; the D.the; the答案:A考查冠词。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 50

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 50

Unit 1 A land of diversityⅠ.单词拼写1.An increasing________(比例)of the population own their own houses.2.________(很明显)she didn't listen to me.3.Because of their effort, the business of their company is________(兴隆).4.Have you filled in the________(申请)form for a new passport?5.Harry has completely________(改过)now—he's stopped taking drugs.6.She was elected by a m________of 3,149.7.The thief was sent to prison as a p________.8.Y ou should follow the c________of the new places when you go there.9.He didn't take much l________for his journey.10.They e________him as President.答案:1.percentage 2.Apparently 3.booming 4.application5.reformed 6.majority7.punishment8.customs9.luggage10.electedⅡ.完成句子1.Nowadays, many farmers go to the big cities but it's not easy to________ ________ ________(习惯新的生活方式).(make)2.It took me quite a long time________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(领会你刚才说的话).(take)3.________ ________ ________ ________ ________(她从未想到)to ask anyone.(occur) 4.The bank is considering________ ________ ________ ________ ________(向政府申请)financial help.(apply)5.________ ________ ________(……的原因)he was fired is that he was too careless.(reason)6.________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我们绝不能)give up our plan.(means,倒装)7.________ ________ ________(和……一起)Tom, we hired a car to the park.(team)8.He is likely to come________ ________ ________(借助……)taking a ship.(means)答案:1.make a life 2.to take in what you were saying 3.It never occurred to her 4.applying to the government for 5.The reason why 6.By no means shall we7.Teaming up with8.by means ofⅢ.单项填空1.Some researchers point out that________daydreaming is________means of relaxation.A.the; a B.不填;theC.a; the D.不填; a答案:D考查冠词。

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业33

高三英语(外研版)总复习:课后强化作业33

选修六Module 3InterpersonalRelationships—FriendshipⅠ.单词拼写1.He ________ (后悔) wasting so much time playing video games on computer.2.Did you ________ (提到) this to my sister?3.This was the first time she had ________ (面对) such problems.4.The referee ________ (数) ten over the fallen boxer.5.Please ________ (原谅) me if I have wasted your time.6.To a certain extent, to ________ (提高) wages means increasing purchasing power.7.She has saved a large ________ (数量) of money these years.8.When Jenny discovered the ________ (盗窃) of her bag, she called the police.9.Oh, Dick, you've ________ (撕裂) a hole in your best shirt.10.Well paid as he is, he often ends up in ________ (经济的) troubles.答案:1.regretted 2.mention 3.confronted 4.counted5.forgive6.raise7.amount8.theft9.torn10.financialⅡ.完成句子1.How do you ____________________ (保持联系) your aunt in America?2.Be careful. __________________ (把它撕开) at the end. Then you can pull it out.3.My friend sent me a Thank-you Card ______________________(作为回报).4.People with a sense of humor are always ___________ ___________(与……关系很好) other people.5.As he finished the speech, the audience ________________(突然爆发) applause.答案:1.keep in touch with 2.T ear it open 3.in return 4.on good terms with 5.burst intoⅢ.单项填空1.My parents often mention ________ me that you did them a favour.A.to B.forC.at D.from答案:A句意:我父母经常向我提到你曾经帮过他们。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 29

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 29

Unit 1Great ScientistsⅠ.单词拼写1.In respect of this problem, we don't have to draw a________(结论)quickly.2.Be________(谨慎的)as the road is frozen.3.By________(分析)the parts of the sentence we learn more about English grammar.4.It has been________(通知)that Mr. John and Miss Smith will get married next week.5.The UN sent food aid to Haiti________(严重地)affected by the earthquake.6.It is a great________(挑战)for him to govern the country well.7.The river has been________(污染)seriously since the factory moved here.8.What________(特征)distinguish the Americans from the Canadians?9.His great________(贡献)to the development of a modern China will never be forgotten.10.He is________(照顾)his mother in the hospital.答案:1.conclusion 2.cautious 3.analysing/analyzing 4.announced 5.seriously/severely 6.challenge7.polluted8.characteristics9.contribution(s)10.attendingⅡ.完成句子1.Our school________ ________ ________(打败了他们的学校)at football.(defeat)2.I________ ________ ________ ________(从他的表情得出结论)that he was not feeling well.(conclude)3.They covered the boy with a blanket,________ ________ ________ ________ ________(把他的脸露在外面).(expose)4.The doctor________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ______(治好了这个人的癌症).(cure)5.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______(他受到了老师的责备)because he hadn't finished his homework on time.(blame)6.________ ________ ________ ________ ________(他提出了一项建议)that we should do something for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the PRC.(put forward) 7.________ ________ ________ ________ ________(你只有努力工作)can you be respected by others.(only if)8.________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我的钱包被人偷了)while shopping.(have sth. done)9.The teacher suggested that our homework________ ______ ________(上交)when we came back after the vacation.答案:1.defeated their school 2.concluded from his expression3.leaving his face exposed outside 4.cured the man of his cancer 5.He was blamed by his teacher 6.He put forward a suggestion7.Only if you work hard8.I had my wallet stolen 9.be handed inⅢ.单项填空1.For the next two hours she was________the film, so she didn't notice what happened around her.A.engaged in B.busy withC.absorbed in D.occupied with答案:C考查短语辨析。

化学金典导学案高三课后作业电子版

化学金典导学案高三课后作业电子版

化学金典导学案高三课后作业电子版变式训练2B解析:ACl;Br分别与H反应,根据及应条件的难易、即可判断出氯、溴的非金属性强弱; B.向MgC1、AICL溶液中分别通入氨气,MgCl。

与NH·H.O 反应生成Mg(OH);AICL与NH·HO反应生成A1(OH),,但无法比较二者的金属性强弱: C.测定相同物质的量浓度的NaCONaSO溶液的pHNaCO溶波的pH>7NaSO 溶波的pH=7,即判断出酸性:HCO<HSO,从而判断出碳、硫的非金属性强弱;D利用Fe、Cu与稀盐酸反应现象的不同即可判断出Fe,Cu的金属性强弱。

变式训练3D解析:根据题意,X和Y两种元素的阳离子具有相同的电子层结构,且X元素的阳离子半径大于Y元素的阳高子半径,则X的原子序数小于Y 的原子序数;2元素和Y元素的原子核外电子层数相同,LZ元素的原子丰径小于Y 元素的原子半径,则7元素的原子序数大于Y元素的原子序数。

由此得出三种无素原子序数的关系为Z>Y>X。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 16

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 16

Unit 2Healthy eatingⅠ.单词拼写1.Just to satisfy my________(好奇心), how much did you pay for your car?2.We spent two hours analysing the team's strengths and__________(缺点).3.That young woman has a(n)________(苗条的)figure.4.I have only a________(有限的)understanding of French.5.With the production going up, an increasing supply of__________(未加工的)materials is needed.6.They exist on a d________of fish.7.This rich food doesn't d________easily and you mustn't eat too much.8.The girl lost her b________and fell off the balance beam.9.We don't want to lose them—they are one of our biggest c________.10.Do I get a d________if I buy a whole case of wine?答案:1.curiosity 2.weaknesses 3.slim 4.limited 5.raw6.diet7.digest8.balance9.customers10.discountⅡ.完成句子1.她为了减肥,饮食很有规律。

She is________ ________ ________ ________to________ ________.2.良好的教育对我们的成长有好处。

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 37

高三英语总复习:课后强化作业 37

Unit 2PoemsⅠ.单词拼写1.The race organizers are trying to attract________(赞助人).2.She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and________(最终)work for The Times.3.Y ou need to be more________(灵活的)and imaginative in your approach.4.There're some new sentence________(句型)in this unit.5.She went to the shop for a needle and________(线).6.We must find an________(合适的)method to solve the problem.7.The________(背诵的)habit must be formed when you're young.8.The________(翻译)of the poem is not very good.9.He climbed up the tree and hid himself among the________(树枝).10.Ten years of hard work________(转化)Mathilde completely into an ordinary housewife.答案:1.sponsors 2.eventually 3.flexible 4.patterns5.thread 6.appropriate7.reciting8.translation9.branches10.transformedⅡ.选用方框中适当的短语填空let out; take it easy; make up(of); run out of; translate...into...; load...with1.Singing is a good way to________our emotions.2.The book is said to have________many languages.3.If I were you I would________and go home early.4.We're________water; please go and fetch some.5.As we all know, the United States is________50 states.6.They were________the ship________a lot of furniture.答案:1.let out 2.been translated into 3.take it easy4.running out of 5.made up of 6.loading; withⅢ.单项填空1.—What's for dinner? I'm hungry.—________. Dinner will be ready shortly.A.Take it easy B.Don't mention itC.Forget it D.Be patient答案:D考查交际用语。

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名思教育个性化拓展练习
学生姓名: 年级: 科目: 得分: 练习内容
一、填空题:本题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分.
1.设等比数列{n a }的公比q =2,前n 项的和为n S ,则43
S a 的值为_____________. 2.直三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1的六个顶点都在球O 的球面上.若AB =BC =2,∠ABC =90°,AA 1=22,则球O 的表面积为____________.
3.已知点P (0,1)是圆2240x y y +-=内一点,AB 为过点P 的弦,且弦长为14,则直线AB 的方程为_________________.
4.下列命题:①0x ∈R ,02x >03x ;②若函数f (x )=(x -a )(x +2)为偶函数,则实数a 的值为-2;③圆2220x y x +-=上两点P ,Q 关于直线kx -y +2=0对称,则k =2;④从1,
2,3,4,5,6六个数中任取2个数,则取出的两个数是连续自然数的概率是13
,其中真命题是_____________(填上所有真命题的序号).
二、解答题:本大题共6个小题,共70分,解答题应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.
1.(本小题满分12分)已知数列{n a }的前n 项和n S =2n a -12n ++2(n 为正整数).
(1)求数列{n a }的通项公式;
(2)令n b =21log a +22
log 2a +…+2log n a n ,求数列{1n
b }的前n 项和n T .
2.(本小题满分12分)某售报亭每天以每份0.6元的价格从报社购进若干份报纸,然后以每份1元的价格出售,如果当天卖不完,剩下的报纸以每份0.1元的价格卖给废品收购站.
(1)若售报亭一天购进280份报纸,求当天的利润y (单位:元)关于当天需求量x 的
函数关系解析式;
(2)售报亭记录了100天报纸的日需求量,整理得下表:
①假设售报亭在这100天内每天都购进280份报纸,求这100天的日平均利润;
②若售报亭一天购进280份报纸,以100天记录的各需求量的频率作为各销售发生
的概率,求当天的利润不超过100元的概率.
3.(本小题满分12分)在三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1中,AB ⊥侧面BB 1C 1C ,已知BC =1,
∠BCC 1=3
,AB =CC 1=2. (1)求证:C 1B ⊥平面ABC ;
(2)设E 是CC 1的中点,求AE 和平面ABC 1所
成角正弦值的大小.
4.(本小题满分12分)已知圆心为F 1的圆的方程为22(2)32x y ++=,F 2(2,0),C 是圆F 1上的动点,F 2C 的垂直平分线交F 1C 于M .
(1)求动点M 的轨迹方程;
(2)设N (0,2),过点P (-1,-2)作直线l ,交M 的轨迹于不同于N 的A ,B 两
点,直线NA ,NB 的斜率分别为k 1,k 2,证明:k 1+k 2为定值.
5.(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )=lnx -ax +a (a ∈R ),g (x )=2x +2x +m (x <0).
(1)讨论f (x )的单调性;
(2)若a =0,函数y =f (x )在A (2,f (2))处的切线与函数y =g (x )相切于
B (0x ,g (0x )),求实数m 的值.
老师签名: 班主任签名: 家长签名:。

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