Energy Crisis(能源危机)
高中英语真题-EnergyCrisis能源危机
EnergyCrisis能源危机dialogue 1: Our new apartmcnt is using solar energy.我们的新公寓用的是太阳能．Taytor:Really? Does that mean you are paying more eacb mo nth? Solar cncrgy is cxpcnsive.是吗？那你们晦月的支出是不是会更大啊？太阳能很贵的．F: It is right now. But it will go down in the future when more p eople arc encouraged to use it and the technology is furtber d eveloped.现在是．但是如果技术进一步改善，使用的人更多的话，成本肯定会降下来的。
T: That's for sure.那是一定的．F: Guess what? I heard that solar cars will be C0mmercially a vailable in 2020.知道吗？我听说到2020年，太阳能汽车就能普及。
T: Oh, that's reaIIy encouraging with oil pnccs on the rise.是吗？那可是好消息，看现在油价不断在上涨．F: But I think the price hikcs are not a bad thing.可我认为价格上涨也不是坏搴．T: What do yuu mean?为什么啊？F:People will be forccd to tum to alternativc aicrgy like solar e nergy.这样的话，人们就不得不用可替代能源，比如太阳能了．T: Oh. I see. Then it will belp bring down the pfjcc of solar ene rgy.哦，明白了。
能源危机 Energy Crisis_英语作文
能源危机Energy CrisisWith the oil price going up high in the global market,our attention is once again drawn by the energy problem.We have to admit that we're facing a new round of energy crisis.随着石油价格在全球市场中上升,能源问题再次受到关注。
我们不得不承认我们正面临新一轮的能源危机。
Currently,as the industry and agriculture develop so fast, the consumption of energy such as oil,gases or coals is dramatically increasing.On one hand, energy are urgently needed for the economic development.On the other hand,limited and unrecoverable energy, especially fossil fuels like oil and coals,can not offer us adequate supply.How long could the oil be used has been a controversy among the experts.Some think the store of the oil can only maintain for thirty or fourty years.but some other experts who hold an opptimistic attitude believe that the oil we have now are enough to support us for as long as one or two hundred years.Despite whether these opinions are true or not,for one thing we are sure is the situation of energy we're facing is becoming worse and worse.The crisis has alreay come.So we must faceit and try to solve it ,because we really dread to think what will become of us if one day we live without energy.目前,随着工业和农业的迅速发展，能源的消费量如石油、气体或煤有着显著的提高。
1991年考研英语翻译真题解析
1991年考研翻译真题解析46. The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in any case, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at this present rate of use.结构分析：全句是由and连接的两个并列句子，and前面是一个被动句，后面句子的主语是the oil wells。
核心词汇：shut off关上，切断；at any time在任何时候，随时；in any case如论如何，不管怎样；run dry枯竭，耗尽；or so左右；at this present rate以目前的速度。
参考译文：石油供应可能随时会被切断；不管怎样，以目前的这种消费速度，只需30年左右，所有的油井都会枯竭。
测试点：并列结构；介词短语的翻译举一反三：supply and demand供应和需求；at no time 在任何时候不，in no case 绝不；at this present speed 以目前的速度。
47. New sources o f energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in anysituation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.结构分析：全句首先是由and连接的第一个并列句，and前面是个被动句，and后面又接了一个but连接的带有转折意义的句子，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to result in any situation,.。
解决能源危机英语作文
解决能源危机英语作文英文回答：As the world's population continues to grow and industrialization spreads, the demand for energy is increasing at an unprecedented rate. This has led to a global energy crisis, with concerns about depleting non-renewable resources and the environmental impact of energy production. In order to solve the energy crisis, we need to look at a combination of solutions, including increasing the use of renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable practices.One way to address the energy crisis is to invest in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sources are abundant, clean, and sustainable, and can help reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. For example, many countries are now investing in solar energy farms and wind turbines to generate electricity. By harnessing the power of the sun and wind,we can reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the impact of climate change.Another important solution is to improve energy efficiency in all sectors, including transportation, industry, and households. This can be achieved through the use of energy-efficient technologies and practices, such as LED lighting, energy-efficient appliances, and better insulation in buildings. For instance, by switching to LED lighting, we can significantly reduce energy consumption and lower electricity bills. Improving energy efficiency not only helps to conserve energy resources, but also saves money for consumers and businesses.Furthermore, promoting sustainable practices such as recycling, conservation, and reducing waste can also contribute to solving the energy crisis. For example, recycling paper and plastic reduces the need for raw materials and energy in the production process. Additionally, using public transportation or carpooling can reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and decrease air pollution. These small changes in behavior can add up tosignificant energy savings and environmental benefits.In conclusion, solving the energy crisis requires a multi-faceted approach that includes investing in renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable practices. By taking action at both the individual and societal levels, we can work towards a more sustainable and secure energy future.中文回答：随着世界人口的不断增长和工业化的蔓延，能源的需求以前所未有的速度增长。
大学英语初级听力文本Unit18-19之欧阳理创编
Lesson 18Energy Crisis（能源危机）Host (Michael Parkhurst): Good evening, and welcome again to the 'Michael Parkhurst Talkabout'. In tonight's programme, we're looking at the problem of energy. The world's energy resources are limited. Nobody knows exactly how much fuel is left, but pessimistic forecasts say that there is only enough coal for 450 years, enough natural gas for 50 years and that oil might run out in 30 years. Obviously we have to do something, and we have to do it soon!I'd like to welcome our first guest, Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of Technology. Professor Burnham.Prof. Burnham: Well, we are in an energy crisis and we will have to do something quickly. Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) are rapidly running out. The tragedy is that fossil fuels are far too valuable to waste on the production of electricity. Just think of all the things you can make from oil! If we don't start conserving these things now, it will be too late. And nuclear power is the only real alternative. We are getting some electricity from nuclear power stations already. If we invest in further research now, we'll be ready to face the future. There's been a lot of protest lately against nuclear power—some people will protest at anything—but nuclear power stations are not as dangerous as some people say. It's far more dangerous to work down a coal mine or on a North Sea oil-rig. Safety regulations in power stations are very strict.If we spent money on research now, we could develop stations which create their own fuel and burn their own waste. In many parts of the world where there are no fossil fuels, nuclear power is the only alternative. If you accept that we need electricity, then we will need nuclear energy. Just imagine what the world would be like if we didn't have electricity—no heating, no lighting, no transport, no radio orTV. Just think about the ways you use electricity every day. Surely we don't want to go back to the Stone Age. That's what will happen if we turn our backs on nuclear research. Host: Thank you, Professor. Our next guest is a member of CANE, the Campaign Against Nuclear Energy, Jennifer Hughes.Jennifer Hughes: Right. I must disagree totally with Professor Burnham. Let's look at the facts. First, there is no perfect machine. I mean, why do aeroplanes crash? Machines fail. People make mistakes. What would happen if there were a serious nuclear accident? And an accident must be inevitable—sooner or later. Huge areas would be evacuated. And they could remain contaminated with radioactivity for years. If it happened in your area, you wouldn't get a penny in compensation. No insurance company covers nuclear risks. There are accidents. If the nuclear industry didn't keep them quiet, there would be a public outcry. Radioactivity causes cancer and may affect future generations. Next, nuclear waste. There is no technology for absolutely safe disposal. Some of this waste will remain active for thousands of years. Is that what you want to leave to your children? And their children's children? A reactor only lasts about 25 years. By the year 2000 we'll have 'retired' 26 reactors in the UK.Next, terrorism. Terrorists could hold the nation to ransom if they captured a reactor. In the USA the Savannah River plant, and Professor Burnham knows this very well, lost (yes, 'lost') enough plutonium between 1955 and 1978 to make 18 (18!) atom bombs. Where is it? Who's got it? I consider that nuclear energy is expensive, dangerous, and evil, and most of all, absolutely unnecessary. But Dr. Woodstock will be saying more about that.Host: Thank you Jennifer. Now I'm very pleased to welcome Dr. Catherine Woodstock. She is the author of several books on alternative technology.Catherine Woodstock: Hello. I'd like to begin by agreeing with Jennifer. We can develop alternative sources of power, and unless we try we'll never succeed. Instead of burning fossil fuels we should be concentrating on more economicuses of electricity, because electricity can be produced from any source of energy. If we didn't waste so much energy, our resources would last longer. You can save more energy by conservation than you can produce for the same money. Unless we do research on solar energy, wind power, wave power, tidal power, hydroelectric schemes etc, our fossil fuels will run out, and we'll all freeze or starve to death. Other countries are spending much more than us on research, and don't forget that energy from the sun, the waves and the wind lasts for ever. We really won't survive unless we start working on cleaner, safer sources of energy.Host: Thank you very much, Dr. Woodstock. Our final speaker, before we open the discussion to the studio audience, is Charles Wicks, MP, the Minister for Energy.Charles Wicks: I've been listening to the other speakers with great interest. By the way, I don't agree with some of the estimates of world energy reserves. More oil and gas is being discovered all the time. If we listened to the pessimists (and there are a lot of them about) none of us would sleep at night. In the short term, we must continue to rely on the fossil fuels—oil, coal and gas. But we must also look to the future. Our policy must be flexible. Unless we thought new research was necessary, we wouldn't be spending money on it. After all, the Government wouldn't have a Department of Energy unless they thought it was important. The big question is where to spend the money—on conservation of present resources or on research into new forms of power. But I'm fairly optimistic. I wouldn't be in this job unless I were an optimist!Task 1: The Years to Come (I)Mal Carrington: Good morning. Welcome to "The years to Come". I'm Mal Carrington, and every week at this time Channel 5 brings you information on life in the future from an expert in the field.Today's expert is Dr Reginald Healy from MIT, the famous Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Good morning, Dr Healy. Welcome to The years to come.Dr Healy: Thank you.Mal Carrington: Well, what are your predictions about theworld? What is it going to be like in the year 2000?Dr Healy: Hum, if present trends continue, I'm afraid the world in 2000 will be more crowded and more polluted than the world we live in now.Mal Carrington: Yes, however, food production is constantly increasing. Don't you think we will be able to cope with the increase in world population?Dr Healy: I don't think so. Even though production is constantly increasing, the people of the world will be poorer than they are today. For hundreds of millions of the desperately poor, the supply of food and other necessities of life will not be any better. And for many they will be worse, unless the nations of the world do something to change the current trends.Mal Carrington: What is your estimate of world population in AD 2000.Dr Healy: Well, already, world population is about 5,000 million. If present trends continue, that is with the number of births by far exceeding the number of deaths in 2000 the world population could approach 6,500 million people.Mal Carrington: How many people are born every day?Dr Healy: About 250 every minute, but only 100 people die. This means there is an increase of 216,000 people per day, and ninety per cent of this increase is in the poorest countries. Mal Carrington: That's worrying! And what about energy? Will there be enough oil to satisfy our needs in the year 2000? Dr Healy: During the 1990s, world oil production will reach the maximum and the price of oil will begin to increase. At the end of the century, the available supplies will not be sufficient for our needs. So at least part of these needs will have to be met by alternative sources of energy.Mal Carrington: Yes, water is becoming a problem too.Dr Healy: Yes, unfortunately. Water shortage will become more severe in the future, and due to the increase of births there will be enough water only for half of the population. Mal Carrington: Which of the present trends do you think will continue over the next decade?Dr Healy: Well, significant loss of the world's forests willcontinue over the next ten years as the demand for wood for fuel and manufacturers increases. Also atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other chemicals is expected to increase at rates that could alter the world's climate due to the 'greenhouse effect'.Mal Carrington: The 'greenhouse effect'? Could you explain what the 'greenhouse effect' is?Dr Healy: Sure. Well, the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is progressively increasing and it traps more of the heat of the sun in the lower atmosphere. This has a warming effect which could change the climate and even melt the polar ice caps, which would cause disastrous flooding.Mal Carrington: I see. Is this the only effect of carbon dioxide? Dr Healy: No, it isn't. Carbon dioxide and other chemicals which derive from the use of fossil fuels will also increase the quantity of acid rain which is already damaging or even destroying plants, trees and other parts of our environment. Also, there will be a dramatic increase in the number of species becoming extinct. Hundreds of thousands of species will be lost because of the loss of their habitat.Mal Carrington: That's appalling! What about nuclear plants? Aren't they a constant menace to life on our planet?Dr Healy: Definitely. And apart from the more obvious danger of accidents, like the one at Chemobyl, there's the problem of the disposal of nuclear waste, that is the waste which is produced by nuclear power stations.Mal Carrington: Oh, yes. I know that some of the materials keep their radioactivity for hundreds or thousands of years. Dr Healy: Yeah, for example, strontium 90 needs storing for 500 years, being kept cool all the time. Plutonium-239 may need storing for up to half a million years!Mal Carrington: So, what is going to happen to the Earth in the next few years? Will we be able to reverse this trend towards destruction? What is your prediction?Dr Healy: Well, I don't want to be pessimistic, but I'm afraid that if this trend doesn't change within five or ten years we won't be able to do very much to save the earth.Mal Carrington: Well, that's a warning that we all need to takeseriously. And with that warning, we end part one of this week's The years to come. We'll be back soon after the break. Task 2: The Years to Come (II)Mal Carrington: Here we are again with "The years to Come". Now I'd like to tell you about and to show you the pictures of an exciting new project which is the result of the cooperation of scientists, engineers and technicians from virtually all over the world.Towards the end of the 90s, a bright new celestial body will appear in the night sky like an immense shining star, fully visible from 38 degrees north or south of the equator. It will be a space station, Freedom. The idea for Freedom originated in the USA, but eleven other nations have agreed to contribute a few of the station's many parts.The space station is not going to be launched into orbit in one piece—the thousands of parts which make up Freedom are going to be assembled directly in space. Twenty trips by the shuttle and two rockets will be needed to deliver Freedom, piece by piece, into a low orbit around the Earth. Then, 250 miles above the Earth, construction crews are going to bolt together the space station's many components. The first batch of parts is going to be launched in 1995. By the end of 1996, the first crew of eight is going to enter the living module to begin what NASA hopes will be a continuous human presence in space. The station has been designed to remain occupied and operational for up to thirty years—a whole generation of living in space. Considering that the first man-made object reached orbit just thirty years ago, that will be quite an accomplishment. The design of a space station must combine the excitement of space with the necessity for safety and comfort. Freedom will be the best solution to date and will also be the most complex computerized house ever built—either on Earth or in space. There will be accommodation for eight people and each crew member will have his or her own room, a shower, a toilet, exercise equipment, a washing machine, a pantry, and a sick bay. Add a television, video, phone and computer to each of the eight private sleeping rooms, then top it off with the best view onEarth. Is this some wild new 'luxury house' of the future? Exactly. Life on board will also be brightened by a plan to fill twenty percent of the larder with fresh refrigerated fruit, vegetable and dairy products.Behind every space station lies the dream that is at least 120 years old: a colony in space. Freedom is not going to be that colony, for it will always depend on the Earth for supplies. But it is going to be the place where scientists discover how to establish healthy and productive human habitation in space. When new technology is developed to make it less risky, we will see more civilians in space. So an eighteen-year-old can look forward to visiting space by his or her sixty-eighth birthday, in 2050.And that's the end of this week's programme. Tune in next week for another edition of The years to come. The years to come is a Channel 5 production and this is Mal Carrington. Recognizing the Main Idea1. Two years ago, ... when I landed on your soil, I said to the people of the Philippines. 'Whence I came I shall return.' Tonight, I repeat those words. I shall return.(Douglas MacArthur 17/03/44)2. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day, even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin, but by the content of their character. (Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. 28/08/63)3. One thought him indestructible, so over-powering was he in his energy, warmth and his deep faith in man's inherent goodness. For 25 years he had been my friend, my older brother, my inspiration and my teacher.(Henry Kissinger 02/02/79)4. I have said this before, but I shall say it again, and again, and again. Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreignwars.(Franklin D. Roosevelt 30/10/40)5. I have never been a quitter. To leave office before my term is completed is abhorrent to every instinct in my body. But, as President, I must put the interests of America first. America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress. Particularly at this time, with problems we face at home and abroad. To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. (Richard M. Nixon 08/08/74)6. In the past several months I have been living in purgatory. I have found myself the recipient of undefined, unclear, unattributed accusations that have surfaced in the largest and the most widely circulated organs of our communications media. I want to say, at this point, clearly and unequivocally: I am innocent of the charges against me.(Spiro T. Agnew 29/09/73)Enjoy Your English（英文歌曲）Killing Me Softly With His SongI heard he sang a good songI heard he had a styleAnd so I came to see him to listen for a while.And there he was this young boyA stranger to my eyesStrumming my pain with his fingersSinging my life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songKilling me softly with his songTelling my whole life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songI felt all flushed with feverEmbarrassed by the crowdI felt he found my letters and read each one out loudI prayed that he would finishBut he just kept right onStrumming my pain with his fingersSinging my life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songKilling me softly with his songTelling my whole life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songHe sang as if he knew me in all my dark despairAnd then he looked right through me as if I wasn't there And he just kept on singingSinging clear and strongStrumming my pain with his fingersSinging my life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songKilling me softly with his songTelling my whole life with his wordsKilling me softly with his songLesson 19Task 1: Estate AgentPresenter: This week's financial talk will be given by our property expert, James Milligan, who is here to tell us about some surprising new developments in the London area. James Milligan: Good afternoon. Not so very long ago it would have been really unusual to pay ￡1 million for a house. Unfortunately this is no longer so. Decline in the real value of money over the past few years has made property values rocket. The cheap house is a thing of the past. Now, the sale of a ￡1 million house no longer causes surprise, nor is it likely to be the subject of a newspaper article.What exactly can we expect to get for ￡1 million today? Well, first of all, space, of course. Living in large cities has made us all tired of living in those cramped little houses and flats built just after the war. We now want space; space to live and relax in, preferably with a garden. And this, of course, is what puts the price up. Another reason for needing space is the fact that we have larger families growing up under one roof and even quite small children demand their own room these days, while teenagers may demand an extra room where they can entertain their friends privately. Also the trend ofgoing out to eat is dying out due to rising prices of restaurant and transport, so people are once more beginning to entertain and dine at home, which requires a larger dining room. There are numerous new developments in London at the moment which can provide all this and more—if you have the money!At the moment the most fashionable places seem to be the Barbican, St John's Wood, Morgan's Walk in Battersea. People wanting quiet in the evening tend to prefer the Barbican situated in the business heart of the city and therefore fairly free of traffic in the evenings, although several theatres have opened there lately. The Barbican is also for those who like living high up, accommodation being situated mostly in tower blocks. St John's Wood, on the other hand, is favoured mostly by upper-middle class families who prefer a detached house surrounded by a walled garden, thus ensuring their privacy. Gardens of course tend to raise the price of a property. Those not interested in gardening can choose from the grand mansions in Battersea where you get a wonderful view of the Thames and are still only a few minutes away from London's theatres and shops.Look around and take your pick. Oh ... just make sure that you have that million pounds first!Task 2: Jazz SingerInterviewer: Now you're the First Lady of Jazz; probably the greatest blues singer the world has ever known. Just what is it that makes you sing as you do?Singer: I don't know; one night it's a little bit slower, the next night it's a little bit lighter. It's all according to how I feel. I never feel the same way twice. The blues is a mixed up sort of thing. There's two kinds of blues; there's happy blues and there's sad blues. I don't think I ever sing the same way twice. Interviewer: And how did you become a jazz singer in the first place?Singer: Well, it was all by accident really. You see, I wanted to be a dancer so I went along to try out, you know, to an audition and I was just a kid, I didn't know how to dance at all. So I kept doing the two steps I did know over and over until they told me to get off the stage. But I guess the pianist feltsort of sorry for me because he called me back and asked me if I could sing. Huh, 'Course I can sing, man,' I told him; 'I've been singing all my life. What the hell use is that?' And then he asked me to sing a blues song, St Louis Blues, I think it was, and I just kept on singing and he just kept on playing, and in the end I had a job. That was on West 42nd Street. Now that was the street for jazz in those days. And slowly I became known; people started coming to see me rather than just to listen to the orchestra, and that's how it started. I mean, it began like that and it's just been going on ever since. Interviewer: You've never looked back and you've been successful ever since?Singer: Well, it wasn't quite as easy as it sounds. I mean, when I started out I didn't know anything, I mean like chords and sharps and flats. I just sang. But if you're going to sing jazz you have to know these things. And people were very nice and kind to me and they slowly taught me what key I had to sing each song in. And that's how I really became a professional musician. I mean, the beginning was just luck, but if you want to stay at the top you really have to know your job. You have to know what you're doing and you have to know how to be able to change it to go with the public's taste; with the changing fashions. Otherwise you find yourself out of work and back on the streets where you started from. Interviewer: But surely, you never needed to go with the fashions? I mean, you've always been popular.Singer: Well, that's true up to a point. And if you're good enough you can even change the fashions. I've never done that. I've always sung what I wanted and if they didn't like it, they didn't have to buy it. I've never made a fortune from my music because I won't sing just any damn thing. I choose what I want to sing. But anything I do sing is part of my life. So it has to be important to me before I'll sing it. I think this is why people like my music; they know that whatever I say in my songs I really believe and this means something to them and helps them in their lives. I'm not a rich pop singer and never wanted to be. And there's been a lot of scandal attached to my life. Some of it's true; some of it's not. But at least I've always beenmy true self in my music and I'll always stay that way. I think a guy called Shakespeare once wrote 'Unto thine own self be true and thou canst not then to any man be false'. Well, that's how I feel when I'm singing my songs. You may like them, you may hate them, but nobody can say that I'm not singing from deep down inside myself. I won't ever sing anything I don't believe in although, as I said, it's never the same way two nights running: it may be happy one night and sad the next. It's all according to how I feel. And now I'm feeling the need for a drink of something strong; I've got four hours on stage tonight and that really takes it out of you, believe me. Interviewer: Go right ahead and thank you for the interview. Singer: That's OK. Here's a couple of tickets; come and see the show.Setting Up a Home ComputerNow first we must identify the parts of this home computer system. Before we can set up the system, we must all know what the names of the different parts of the computer are and what they do. So first I'm going to tell you the names of the parts and what they are used for in a home computer system.First, and most important of all, is your instruction manual. Can you all see that? The instruction manual is the book of instructions—it tells you how to set up your system and then how to use it. OK?Next, the monitor. The monitor is the part that everyone can recognize immediately because it looks just like a television. The monitor shows you the information you have typed in on the screen. You can change the information, move it around or take it away, while it is on the screen. Right?Now, when you have finished working with your information and you want a copy of this on paper, then you have to use the printer. The printer prints out on paper what you have on the monitor screen. Then you have a copy of your work on paper.Now the keyboard. The keyboard contains the actual computer and it looks just like a typewriter. Each piece on the keyboard is called a key. You have keys for letters (a, b, c etc.) and keys for instructions to the computer. You have to be ableto type if you want to use a computer properly.Now what have we got left? Ah yes, the 2 floppy discs and the disc drive. The disc drive is quite simple—it's the part of the system that operates the floppy discs, we say it powers the floppy discs. You put the floppy discs into the disc drive and the disc drive makes them work.So finally, the two floppy discs. You need two because the first one contains the programme—that is, the instructions—and the second is where you type in your information and where the program works on this information. So you really work on the second floppy disc: then, when you are ready to print, the printer takes everything from the second floppy disc and prints out what you have done.Now, is that clear? Are there any questions?My Computer Makes Me SickThere's no doubt that the computer has enlarged man's working capacity as well as his intellectual capacity enormously. Er ... but it brings with it dangers to match the benefits. Now by this, I mean danger to physical and mental well-being of the people who work at computer terminals, not the dangers to personal privacy or national or industrial security.There's one very alarming set of statistics which come from a survey done in the UK on 800 pregnant women, who happened to use computer terminals for a major part of their working day. In no less than 36% of the subjects there was some severe abnormality during the pregnancy, enough to make a termination necessary. Now these figures compare significantly with a control group of pregnant women of the same age but who did not work with computer terminals. The incidence of severe abnormalities in their case was only 16%. This survey confirms similar investigations carried out in Denmark, Canada, Australia and the USA. Now, no one yet has a clear idea about the exact connection between working with computer terminals and the problems with pregnancy, but the figures at least suggest that there's, well, a cause for alarm.In more general terms, increased stress and disturbances tovision have been noted in workers exposed for long periods to the video screen, and in many countries trade unions of workers involved with computers have laid down their own guidelines to protect members' health. Erm ... for instance, rest periods, or a change of activity from time to time are recommended, and the terminal should be placed so that there's a source of natural light, and something else to look at, erm, no blank walls behind the terminal, in other words, so that the operator has a chance to rest his eyes from time to time.Ironically, it seems that it's not only those who work with computers who are at risk. Er ... there's perhaps more danger for people who use computers for interest or pleasure in their own homes. Now, it's obviously not possible to impose in the privacy of people's homes the sort of safeguards that can be applied in the working environment. Most people get so fascinated by what they are doing that they stay in front of the screen for hours on end; some are real fanatics!But they're also using their computers in environments which are not specially designed. Er they may be dusty or hot, and not particularly well-lit on the whole.An English magazine for computer enthusiasts recently ran its own survey. The readers were invited to send in an account of any health problems they felt were connected with the use of their computers. Er, interestingly, a long list emerged of complaints both serious and less serious, ranging from constipation because of the long hours spent in sedentary ac ... inactivity, and backache due to crouching over an inconveniently positioned keyboard, um, right through to a general sense of fatigue owing to having puzzled over a problem for longer than was sensible.The visual disturbances mentioned above were also very common. Some readers who already suffered from short sight found that the condition had worsened, and a rarer complaint, but still one suffered by a significant number, was an itching of the face, which in some cases became a form of dermatitis. It seems that this is due to the electrostatic field of the video screen attracting dust from the atmosphere, which irritates。
当前全球能源危机与可再生能源的重要性
当前全球能源危机与可再生能源的重要性1. 引言1.1 概述能源是现代社会运转的基础，对于经济发展和社会进步至关重要。
然而，当前全球正面临着严重的能源危机。
能源需求持续增长、能源资源短缺以及环境污染和气候变化给人类社会和生态系统带来了巨大压力。
为了解决这些问题，可再生能源成为了一个备受关注的话题。
1.2 背景随着全球经济的快速发展和人口规模的不断扩大，对能源的需求呈指数级增长。
主要的传统能源资源，如煤炭、石油和天然气等，已经出现了供应紧张的情况，并且价格也在不断上涨。
此外，使用这些能源资源还产生了大量的二氧化碳等温室气体，导致全球气候变暖与环境污染问题日益突出。
1.3 目的本文旨在探讨当前全球能源危机，并强调可再生能源在解决这一危机中所扮演的重要角色。
具体而言，我们将从以下几个方面进行分析：首先，我们将概述当前能源危机的背景和现状；其次，我们将介绍可再生能源的定义与分类，并讨论其发展现状与趋势；然后，我们将详细阐述可再生能源的重要性及优势，包括减少碳排放与环保作用、促进经济增长与创造就业机会以及实现能源供应安全与多样化发展目标等；最后，我们将总结全球能源危机与可再生能源之间的关系，并对未来可再生能源发展前景和挑战进行展望。
通过本文的撰写和阐述，旨在引起更多人对于解决当今全球能源危机的意识，并提倡可再生能源在未来能源体系中的重要性。
相信只有通过共同努力，在可再生能源领域取得更大突破和推广应用，才能实现全球绿色、可持续发展的目标。
2. 当前全球能源危机2.1 能源需求增长当前全球能源需求呈现持续增长的趋势。
随着全球人口不断增加和发展中国家经济快速崛起，对能源的需求也逐渐提升。
工业化进程、城市化发展以及交通运输等领域对能源的需求日益增加，导致全球能源供应面临严重挑战。
2.2 能源资源短缺目前，全球主要依赖传统化石燃料（如煤炭、石油和天然气）来满足能源需求。
然而，这些传统能源资源正面临日益严重的枯竭和耗尽问题。
能源危机的解决方法英语作文演讲稿
能源危机的解决方法英语作文演讲稿英文回答：The Impending Energy Crisis: Resolving a Global Conundrum.The looming energy crisis casts an ominous shadow over our planet, threatening economic stability, environmental sustainability, and geopolitical order. Addressing this multifaceted challenge requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach that encompasses innovation, policy reforms, and international collaboration.1. Technological Advancements and Innovation:Accelerating the development and deployment of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.Investing in research and development to improveenergy efficiency and storage technologies, reducing consumption and mitigating the intermittency of renewable energy.Fostering innovation in emerging energy technologies, such as nuclear fusion and hydrogen-powered systems, for long-term sustainable solutions.2. Policy Reforms and Regulatory Framework:Implementing carbon pricing mechanisms to incentivize reduced emissions and promote the transition to clean energy.Establishing supportive policies to encourage investment in renewable energy projects and energy efficiency upgrades.Creating regulatory frameworks that streamline permitting processes and incentivize private sector involvement in energy infrastructure development.3. International Collaboration and Cooperation:Establishing global agreements to coordinate energy production, distribution, and consumption.Facilitating technology transfer and sharing of best practices among countries to accelerate the adoption of sustainable energy solutions.Promoting international cooperation in research and development initiatives to tackle the energy crisis on a global scale.4. Demand Reduction and Lifestyle Changes:Promoting energy conservation measures through public awareness campaigns and educational programs.Incentivizing efficient energy use in industries and households through tax breaks and subsidies.Encouraging lifestyle changes, such as reducedconsumption and responsible energy use, to mitigate the demand for fossil fuels.5. Energy Security and Geopolitical Stability:Diversifying energy sources and supply chains to reduce reliance on specific regions or countries.Enhancing energy infrastructure resilience against natural disasters and geopolitical disruptions.Establishing strategic partnerships and international agreements to ensure energy security and prevent supply disruptions.By embracing these solutions and working together, we can confront the impending energy crisis and chart a course towards a more sustainable and prosperous future.中文回答：迫在眉睫的能源危机，解决全球难题的方法。
解决能源危机英语作文3篇.docx
解决能源危机英语作文3篇（2086 字）withtheoilpricegoinguphighintheglobalmarket, ouratte ntionisonceagaindrawnbytheenergyhavetoadmitthatwe，r ef ac i nganewroundofenergycr i s i s ?随着石油价格在全球市场中上升，能源问题再次受到关注。
我们不得不承认我们正面临新一轮的能源危机。
c urrefitly, as theindustry andagricult uredevelopsofast, theco rcoalsisdra yneededfort unrecoverab eoilandcoal heoilbeused hestoreofth rtysomeothe udebelievet ortusforasl pinionsaret nsumptionofmaticallyonheeconomictleenergy,ess,cannotoffhasbeenaconeoilcanonlyrexpertswhohattheoilweongasoneortrueornot,foenergysuchaehand, energheotherhandpeciallyfoserusadequattroversyamomaintainforholdanopptihavenowareewohundredwhronethingwesoil, gasesoyareurgentl,limitedandsilfuelslikelongcouldtngthethinktthirtyorfoumisticattitnoughtosuppethertheseoaresureisthesituationo andcrisisha t, becausewe fenergywe，rsalreaywemureallydreadefacingisbestfaceitandtothinkwhatcomingworsetrytosolveiwillbecomeofusifoneday welivewitho utenergy.目前，随着工业和农业的迅速发展，能源的消费量如石油、气体或煤有着显著的提高。
中国应对能源危机的政策英语作文
中国应对能源危机的政策英语作文China's Policies in Response to the Energy CrisisIn the face of the global energy crisis, characterized by volatile prices, supply disruptions, and the urgent need for decarbonization, China has embarked on a comprehensive strategy to ensure energy security, promote sustainable development, and advance towards its carbon neutrality goals. This essay outlines China's key policies and initiatives in addressing the energy crisis.1. Diversification of Energy SourcesChina recognizes the importance of diversifying its energy mix to mitigate the risks associated with reliance on a single or a few energy sources. To this end, the country has prioritized the development of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydropower, and nuclear power. For instance, the National Energy Administration has set ambitious targets for renewable energy, aiming to increase the share of wind and solar power in national electricity generation to over 17% by 2024. This diversification strategy not only enhances energy security but also contributes to the country's commitment to reducing carbon emissions.2. Energy Efficiency and ConservationEnhancing energy efficiency and promoting conservation are central to China's energy crisis response. The government has implemented policies aimed at improving the energy efficiency of industries, buildings, and transportation systems. For example, the "Three Revolutions in Coal Power" (coal-fired power plant upgrading,flexibility transformation, and heating transformation) program is ongoing, aimed at reducing coal consumption and increasing the efficiency of coal-fired power plants. Additionally, the promotion of energy-efficient appliances and buildings, as well as the development of smart grids, are all part of the broader strategy to reduce energy waste and increase efficiency.3. Infrastructure Development and Grid IntegrationTo effectively harness the potential of renewable energy, China has invested heavily in infrastructure development, particularly in transmission and distribution networks. The construction of ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines has significantly improved the integration of renewable energy sources into the national grid. By enabling the long-distance transmission ofrenewable energy from regions with abundant resources to energy-demanding areas, these infrastructure projects have helped to address the issue of resource imbalance and enhance the reliability of the power supply system.4. International Cooperation and Strategic ReservesChina recognizes that addressing the energy crisis requires international cooperation. The country hasactively sought partnerships with other nations in the areas of energy technology, resource development, and market access. Furthermore, China has increased its strategic reserves of oil and gas to mitigate the impact of supply disruptions and price volatility. By strengthening its domestic production capacity and diversifying its import sources, China aims to ensure a stable and secure supply of energy resources.5. Green Finance and InnovationGreen finance has played a pivotal role in supporting China's energy transition. The government has introduced a range of financial incentives and policies to encourage investment in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and clean technology. This includes preferential lending rates, tax breaks, and subsidies for renewable energy projects.Additionally, China has invested heavily in research and development (R&D) to promote innovation in energy technologies. The development of advanced renewable energy technologies, such as offshore wind turbines and long-duration energy storage systems, is expected to further accelerate the country's energy transition.ConclusionChina's response to the energy crisis is multifaceted and comprehensive, encompassing diversification of energy sources, energy efficiency and conservation, infrastructure development, international cooperation, strategic reserves, and green finance. These policies and initiatives demonstrate China's commitment to ensuring energy security, promoting sustainable development, and advancing towardsits carbon neutrality goals. As the global energy landscape continues to evolve, China's experience and strategies may provide valuable insights for other nations grappling with similar challenges.。
解决能源危机英语作文
One potential solution to the energy crisis is the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sources are abundant, sustainable, and produce minimal environmental impact. By investing in the development and infrastructure of renewable energy, we can reduce our reliance on finite resources and mitigate the negative effects of traditional energy sources. Governments and private industries must work together to incentivize the transition to renewable energy and make it more accessible to the general population.
Unit5Music知识点学案-高中英语人教版
B2U5Music1.energy(1)n.[U]活力;力气;力量She’salwaysfullofenergy.她总是充满活力。
(2)n.[pl.]精力;努力(常用复数形式)。
devoteone’senergiesto致力于Shehasstartedtodevoteherenergiestoteachingratherthanperforming.(3)n.[U]能源;能;能量heat/light/solarenergy热能/光能/太阳能anenergycrisis能源危机energetic adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的;积极的energetically adv.精力充沛地;积极地(1)Runningischeap,easyandit’salways(energy).(2)Hehadworked (energy)alldayonhisnewbook.2.soul(1)n.[C]灵魂;心性;内心;心灵heartandsoul全心全意put/throwone’sheartandsoulinto全心全意投入到Theyputtheirheartandsoulintotheproject.(2)n.人(常用于否定句中)Therewasn’tasoulinsight.连个人影都不见。
3.imagine vt.想象;设想;料想;认为imagine(sb.)doingsth.想象(某人)做某事imagine…as/tobe想象……是imaginewhat/how从句想象……Ican’timaginelivingwithoutwaterorelectricityinsummer.我无法想象夏天没有电和水该怎样生活。
Ican’timaginewhatl ifeonthemoonwouldbelike.我无法想象月球上的生活是怎么样的。
Sheimaginesherselftobeabird.imagination n.想象力imaginative adj.富于想象力的;创新的imaginary adj.想象中的;幻想的;虚构的(1)Canyouimaginethem (climb)theGreatWallonahotday?(2)Canyouimagine itwouldbeliketolivewithoutelectricity?(3)Onlyhumanshavethe (imagine)powerandcreativity. Icannotimaginewhattodointhisdreadfulsituation.(what从句)→Icannotimagine____ ____ ____ ____inthisdreadfulsituation.4.opportunity n.机会;时机,其后可接介词for;复数形式为opportunities。
能源危机的英文作文
能源危机的英文作文英文回答：The energy crisis is a complex and multifaceted issue with global implications. It encompasses a range of factors, including geopolitical tensions, supply chain disruptions, climate change, and unsustainable consumption patterns. While the severity of the crisis varies across regions and sectors, its far-reaching consequences have spurred international attention and policy responses.Geopolitical Tensions:Political conflicts and regional instability can exacerbate energy crises by disrupting production and transportation networks. The ongoing war in Ukraine has highlighted the vulnerability of global energy supplychains to geopolitical factors. Russia is a major exporterof oil and gas, and its conflict with Ukraine has led to sanctions and supply disruptions that have impacted energyprices worldwide.Supply Chain Disruptions:Global supply chains have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbating energy supply issues. Travel restrictions, port closures, and labor shortages have disrupted the flow of energy resources, particularly renewable components and equipment. This has led to delays in projects, increased costs, and reduced availability of clean energy technologies.Climate Change:Climate change is also a major contributor to the energy crisis. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, heat waves, and droughts, can disrupt energy production and distribution. Additionally, the transition to a low-carbon economy requires a significant investment in renewable energy infrastructure, which can put a strain on energy resources in the short term.Unsustainable Consumption Patterns:Unsustainable consumption patterns, particularly in developed countries, contribute to the energy crisis. The overconsumption of energy resources, coupled with inefficiencies in energy use, exacerbates supply shortages and environmental degradation. Changing consumption habits and investing in energy efficiency measures can mitigate the impact of the energy crisis.Policy Responses:Addressing the energy crisis requires a multifaceted approach involving both international cooperation and national policy measures. Governments have implemented a range of policies, including:Diversifying energy sources to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.Investing in renewable energy technologies to promote sustainability.Improving energy efficiency to reduce consumption.Implementing carbon pricing mechanisms to incentivize clean energy.Promoting international collaboration on energy security.中文回答：能源危机。
解决能源危机英语作文
解决能源危机英语作文Possible essay:Solving the Energy Crisis。
The energy crisis is one of the most pressing challenges of our time. As the world population grows, the demand for energy increases, while the supply of fossil fuels, which are the main source of energy, dwindles and their use contributes to climate change. Therefore, it is imperative to find sustainable and renewable sources of energy that can meet our needs without harming the planet. In this essay, I will discuss some of the possible solutions to the energy crisis and their benefits and drawbacks.One of the most promising sources of energy is solar power. Solar energy is abundant, free, and clean, and can be harvested with photovoltaic cells or solar panels that convert sunlight into electricity. Solar power is alreadycompetitive with fossil fuels in some regions, and its cost is expected to decrease further as technology improves and economies of scale are achieved. Moreover, solar power can be decentralized, meaning that it can be generated and used locally, reducing the need for transmission lines and grid infrastructure. However, solar power also has some limitations, such as its intermittency, which means that it depends on the weather and the time of day, and its land use, which may compete with other uses.Another source of renewable energy is wind power. Wind energy is also abundant, free, and clean, and can be harnessed with wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. Wind power has already become a significant contributor to the global energy mix, especially in some countries with favorable conditions such as Denmark, Germany, and Spain. Wind power has the advantage of being modular, meaning that it can be scaled up or down depending on the demand, and it can be located offshore or onshore, depending on the availability of land and the impact on wildlife and people. However, wind power also has some challenges, such as its intermittency, itsvisual and noise impacts, and its potential for bird andbat collisions.A third source of renewable energy is hydropower. Hydropower is generated by the flow of water in rivers, streams, or dams, which drives turbines that generate electricity. Hydropower is a mature technology that hasbeen used for centuries, and it has the advantage of being reliable, flexible, and dispatchable, meaning that it canbe turned on or off as needed. Hydropower can also provide other benefits, such as flood control, irrigation, and recreation. However, hydropower also has some drawbacks, such as its impact on aquatic ecosystems, its dependence on water availability and quality, and its limited potentialin some regions.A fourth source of renewable energy is geothermal power. Geothermal energy is derived from the heat of the Earth's crust, which can be accessed through wells or boreholesthat tap into hot rocks or water reservoirs. Geothermal power is a stable and continuous source of energy that can provide heating and cooling as well as electricity.Geothermal power has the advantage of being available 24/7, independent of weather or seasons, and it can be located in many regions, especially those with high geothermal gradients. However, geothermal power also has some challenges, such as its high upfront cost, its limited scalability, and its potential for inducing seismicactivity or releasing greenhouse gases.A fifth source of renewable energy is bioenergy. Bioenergy is derived from biomass, which can be any organic matter that is renewable and can be converted into fuels, heat, or electricity. Bioenergy can come from crops, forests, waste, or algae, and can be used for transportation, heating, or electricity generation. Bioenergy has the advantage of being versatile, flexible, and carbon-neutral, meaning that it does not add net carbon dioxide to the atmosphere if the biomass is sustainably managed. However, bioenergy also has some concerns, such as its competition with food crops, its impact on biodiversity and soil quality, and its potential for emissions of air pollutants or greenhouse gases if not properly managed.In conclusion, the energy crisis requires a multifaceted and integrated approach that combines various sources of renewable energy with energy efficiency, energy storage, and smart grids. Each source of renewable energy has its own strengths and weaknesses, and their optimal deployment depends on the local context, the policy framework, and the social acceptance. Therefore, it is crucial to involve all stakeholders, including the public, the private sector, and the government, in the decision-making process and to prioritize sustainability, equity, and resilience in the energy system. By doing so, we can not only solve the energy crisis but also create a better future for ourselves and the planet.。
能源危机英语作文100
能源危机英语作文100英文回答：In recent years, the world has been facing an unprecedented energy crisis, characterized by skyrocketing energy prices and supply shortages. This crisis has its roots in a complex interplay of factors, including geopolitical tensions, supply chain disruptions, and the rising demand for energy due to global economic growth.One of the primary drivers of the current energy crisis is the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Russia is a major supplier of oil and gas to Europe, and the war has disrupted these supply lines, leading to a sharp increase in energy prices. The conflict has also raised concerns about the reliability of Russian energy supplies, prompting many European countries to seek alternative sources of energy.Another contributing factor to the energy crisis is thedisruption of global supply chains caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has led to labor shortages, transportation bottlenecks, and production delays in various industries, including the energy sector. These disruptions have made it more difficult for energy companies to produce and transport energy, further exacerbating the crisis.The increasing demand for energy is also playing a significant role in the current crisis. As the global economy recovers from the pandemic, demand for energy is rising, particularly in developing countries. This increased demand is putting a strain on the world's energy infrastructure and contributing to the supply shortages.The energy crisis has far-reaching implications for both individuals and economies worldwide. For individuals, rising energy prices are putting a strain on household budgets, particularly for those who rely heavily on fossil fuels for heating and transportation. For economies, the energy crisis is leading to higher inflation, slower economic growth, and increased geopolitical tensions.Addressing the energy crisis requires a multi-faceted approach. In the short term, governments and energy companies need to focus on increasing energy production, diversifying energy sources, and improving energy efficiency. In the long term, investing in renewable energy technologies and promoting sustainable energy practiceswill be crucial to achieving a secure and sustainable energy future.中文回答：近年来，世界正面临着前所未有的能源危机，其特点是能源价格飙升和供应短缺。
能源危机的解决方法英语作文演讲稿
The Pathway to Sustainability: Addressingthe Energy CrisisLadies and Gentlemen,Today, I stand before you to discuss a topic that is crucial to the future of our planet - the energy crisis. As we witness the dwindling fossil fuel resources and theever-increasing demand for energy, it's time to rethink our energy strategies and embrace sustainable solutions.The root of the energy crisis lies in our over-reliance on fossil fuels, which are not only finite but also contribute significantly to climate change. The solution, therefore, lies in a transition towards renewable energy sources. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are among the most viable options that offer a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.Solar energy, derived from the sun, is an inexhaustible resource. With advancements in technology, solar panels have become more efficient and cost-effective, making them a feasible option for both household and commercial use.Governments should provide incentives and subsidies to encourage the widespread adoption of solar energy.Wind power, harnessed from the kinetic energy of the wind, is another renewable energy source that has巨大的潜力. Wind turbines can be installed in windy regions, converting the wind's energy into electricity. While the initial investment may be higher, the long-term cost savings and environmental benefits far outweigh the upfront costs.Hydroelectric power, which utilizes the kinetic energy of moving water, is another renewable energy source that has been in use for centuries. However, we need to ensure that hydroelectric projects are developed in a sustainable manner, minimizing their impact on the environment andlocal communities.To effectively address the energy crisis, a holistic approach is needed. This involves not only transitioning towards renewable energy sources but also improving energy efficiency and conservation. Simple measures like energy-efficient appliances, LED lighting, and proper insulation can significantly reduce our energy consumption.Moreover, we need to invest in research and development to bring down the costs and improve the efficiency of renewable energy technologies. Collaboration between governments, private sector, and research institutions is crucial to achieve this goal.In conclusion, the energy crisis presents a challenge, but it is also an opportunity for us to embrace a more sustainable future. By transitioning towards renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and investing in research and development, we can ensure a secure and sustainable energy supply for generations to come.Thank you.**走向可持续：解决能源危机**女士们、先生们：今天，我站在这里，要和大家讨论一个对于我们星球未来至关重要的议题——能源危机。
能源危机与环境
PPT文档演模板
能源危机与环境
当前持续发生的能源“三荒”(电荒、 煤荒、油荒)再次告诫我们，中国并不是 一个能源富裕的国家，节能降耗至关重 要。国务院今年7月2日发的22号文件要 求：大力发展循环经济，建设节约型社 会，构建人与自然资源和谐发展。
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能源危机与环境
6、中国的能源危机
l 随着经济的发展，中国石油危机风险与 日俱增，一旦进口供油断绝，中国的经济 就会停滞（实例，可参考前年江浙油荒与 去年广东油荒）。在美军入侵伊拉克的前 夕，中国对世界石油进口依赖只占到需要 的30%，而去年已经达到是50%，我们汽车 油箱里的燃油有一半是飘洋过海才能到达， 而且很快将会达到60%-70%，请相信我的 预见。
完毕之前就会有变得不适合开采，从而永远封存起
来的结果。姑且撇开上述估计的准确性不谈，中国
的能源缺口在逐年增大，进口依存度将逐步扩大，
我们首先应承认这是一个不争的事实，也是未来我
国能源安全的最主要问题。
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能源危机与环境
在这些战略中，石油战略储备只具有“军事意
义”，不具有民用安全意义，因此可以忽略不计；
那么一个问题出来了，为什么南海周围的众多
大小国家，敢与中国这样的准超级大国抱有领土要 求呢？
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能源危机与环境
（2）超级大国的干涉，会导致中国的安全问题
财富能够蒙蔽人的眼睛，石油就能够蒙蔽一个 国家的眼睛。至此，中国已经有数十个岛屿被他国 事实占领，开采打油，据中国化工报披露：“1981 年至2002年,越南已从南沙海域的油田中开采了1亿 吨石油,获利250亿美元。”光一个越南就是250亿 美元，其中还有更多的，类似于越南这样的国家， 正在疯狂地开采出本属于中国的石油，中国在南海 的损失极其惊人。
新视野大学英语第四册-unit7A-The-coming-energy-crisis
Unit 7The coming energy crisis日益逼近的能源危机Two hundred years ago, the world experienced an energy revolution that launched the Industrial Age. Ever since then, with the rapid increase of population density, the industrialized world's thirst for energy has more than tripled. Petroleum and natural gas are exploited as versatile and high quality energy products. Uranium is also tapped to fuel nuclear reactors and provide atomic energy.两百年前，全球经历了一场能源革命，由此引发了工业时代的到来。
从那时起，随着人口密度的迅速增加，工业国家对于能源的需求成倍成倍增加。
石油和天然气被看作是用途多、质量好的能源产品而得到开发，而铀也得以开发，为核反应堆提供燃料并供应原子能源。
Cheap energy is the lifeblood of human society. But there is a dark side to the near monopoly of non-renewable fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas, along with controversial uranium, to supply our growing energy demands. The supply of these fuels is physically limited, and their use threatens our health and environment. Multiple international treaties have been proposed to limit the use of fossil fuels for this very reason. Fears of global warming aside, burning fossil fuels releases chemicals andparticulates that can cause breathing problems, cancer as well as brain and nerve damage. Nuclear energy, once hailed as "too cheap to meter", has never been economically successful when all costs are factored in. Furthermore, public opinion polls show nuclear energy is too closely associated with disasters like the Chernobyl reactor meltdown and the Fukushima explosion, and with the danger that: rebel insurgents could do damage with the toxic waste. Inexpensive and seemingly abundant non-renewable energy from dead plants and extinct animals fueled the 20th century economy, but geologists, climatologists, environmentalists, and many others are warning that the honeymoon may soon be over.廉价能源是人类社会的命脉。
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In 2011 China had a second quarter electrical power deficit of 45 - 50 GW.
Human beings are facing an unprecedented energy crisis
Solutions
• Save energy and enhance its efficiency • Develop new energy sources
• North American natural gas crisis • North Korea has had energy shortages for many years. • Zimbabwe has experienced a shortage of energy supplies for many years due to financial mismanagement.
Causes
monopoly manipulation of markets
over-consumption,
organized strikes
aging infrastructure, choke point disruption bottlenecks at oil refineries and government embargoes port facilitie
Solar Power
Wind power
Hydropower
Nuclear Power
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant
Outer space
Opportuenergy crisis on China
• China experienced severe energy shortages towards the end of 2005 and again in early 2008. During the latter crisis we suffered severe damage to power networks along with diesel and coal shortages. • Supplies of electricity in Guangdong province, the manufacturing hub of China, are predicted to fall short by an estimated 10 GW. • In 2011 China was forecast to have a second quarter electrical power deficit of 44.85 - 49.85 GW.
China experienced severe energy shortages towards the end of 2005 and again in early 2008.
Supplies of electricity in Guangdong province, the manufacturing hub of China, are predicted to fall short by an estimated 10 GW.
The 2000–2001 California electricity crisis Caused by market manipulation by Enron and failed deregulation
Fuel protests in the United Kingdom in 2000 , caused by a rise in the price of crude oil
Energy Crisis
The Definition of Energy Crisis
• the problem of supply of energy resources to an economy. • In popular literature, one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place, particularly those that supply national electricity grids or serve as fuel for vehicles. There has been an enormous increase in the global demand for energy in recent years as a result of industrial development and population growth. Supply of energy is, therefore, far less than the actual demand.
Over-consumption
Aging infrastructure
Government embargoes
Bottlenecks at oil refineries and port facilitie
Organized strikes
Historical crisis
1990 oil price shock - caused by the Gulf War