2016中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题五
【VIP专享】中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析

中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.trap v.诱捕;设计诱陷;安防臭瓣;发射(泥鸽)11、Our overseas branchoffice is ____ to open in Dubai next month.A. advancedB. informedC. maintainedD. scheduled【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试(TOEIC)模拟试题【释义】advance v.提前;进步;促进;预付inform v.通知;通告;知会;了解maintain v.维护;保持;坚持;抚养schedule v.安排;预定;为…安排时间12、Dear, do send thechildren to bed. I can't ____ their noise any longer.A. put up withB. put outC. put offD. putaway【参考答案】A【出处】专升本英语考前复习试题【释义】put up with na. 忍住;忍耐putout v.扑灭;熄灭;放出;伸出putoff na. 延期;辩解putaway v.把…收起来;储存13、Sales promotion ____those promotional activities other than advertising, personal selling, andpublicity.A. is consistedofB. consists ofC. is composed fromD. composes from【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第52课Sales Promotion第1段【释义】is consisted of 被动语态,由……组成的consists of v.由…构成;由…组成;由…组成14、These fuels____ heatwhen they burn.A. give upB. give offC. give awayD. give in【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第26课The Magic of Energy第13段【释义】give up na.放弃;断绝;投降;自首give off na.放出;发出;释放;散发出give away na.赠送;分发;放弃;露马脚give in na.让步;屈服;投降;上交15、I believe in thesupreme worth of the individual and in his right __ life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness.A. byB. to c. at D.over【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第7课Our Family Creed第5段16、Wherever you go inthe world, try to show respect for the values of the country you are in, ____ youdo not necessarily agree with them.A. whateverB. even ifC.as ifD. provided【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第46课Cultural Taboos第6段【释义】whatever pron.[连接代词]无论;什么都;〈俚〉究竟…什么even if na.即使…也as if 仿佛;好像;俨然;似乎;就跟…一样provided conj.如果;假如;在…条件下17、Mainframe SoftwareCompany ____ its clients complete satisfaction with all its products.A. requestsB. admitsC.agreesD.guarantees【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试(TOEIC)试题【释义】这里要选择谓语动词。
中石油2016年职称英语考题及参考答案

中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD. prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西)secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的feel awkward 为难;作难;犯难3、The employee had to break off the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC. beginD. discontinue【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
中石油英语职称考试大纲中模拟试题答案及部分试题答案解析

英语职称考试大纲中模拟试题答案及部分试题答案解析模拟试题一参考答案及部分试题答案解析一、答案I. V ocabulary1—20 ACBBD BBAAC DCCDB DCBCDII. Grammatical Structure21-40 ABCCB DDCCB DBACD CDACDIII。
Reading Comprehension41—60 DDCBD ACDDD DDABC DCBAB61—70 CBADC DBACCIV. Translation翻译答案略,请参考2007年版通用英语选读相关课文.二、解析I。
V ocabulary1。
【答案】A【译文】我只能看到远处一辆汽车,可是分辨不出汽车的颜色。
【试题分析】词组辨析题。
【详细解答】make out意为“辩认出,理解”,符合句意.look to“照顾,负责";look out“当心,提防”;take in“容纳,理解,欺骗(多用于被动态)”,均不符合句意。
2.【答案】C【译文】新的科学发现应用于工业生产方法上常使工作更容易做。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题.【词义辨析】application应用、运用:the application of theory 理论的运用.A。
addition增加,一般用于in addition to”除…之外”结构中,此处不符合句意,科学发现不是“增加到”工业生产方法上,而是“应用到”工业生产技术中.B. association联系,联想;协会;结交:I'm working in association with another person。
我与另外一个人合伙工作。
D. affection爱情;爱;影响.3.【答案】B【译文】他咕噜地说了些什么,仿佛泄露了一个秘密,脸一下红了.【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题,题干中“secret”和“blush”为关键词,“mumble”并不影响答案的选择。
2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案

2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案花了一天时间做了一份真题答案,特做几点申明:1、仅为参考答案,由于水平问题,可能与每个人的答案会有出入,见仁见智吧,毕竟官方不给出标准答案。
2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索,尽可能地找到原题出处,实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。
3、每题后列出了题目出处,并做出简单解析。
前40题错误应该不多,阅读理解部分无法保证全对。
中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
2016年中石油职称英语考试题答案、大纲

中石油职称英语考试有什么题型?
中石油职称英语题型、题量和所占分值如下表:
部分
题型
题量
计分
பைடு நூலகம்第一部分
词汇
20
20分
语法
20
20分
阅读理解
20
30分
完形填空
10
10分
第二部分
翻译
1
20分
题型分客观题型和主观题型。第一部分为客观题型,第二部分为主观题型。客观题占总分的80%,主观题占20%。答题时间总计为120分钟。
阅读材料的题材包括社会、文化、经济、管理、科普等;体裁包括说明文、议论文、记叙文等。本部分考试的目的是测试考生通过阅读获取信息的能力,要求既理解准确,又有一定的阅读速度。
4、完型填空
阅读一篇短文,其中有10处空白,每处空白为一个小题,每题有四个选择项。应试者在全面理解短文内容的基础上,从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个正确的答案填入空白处,使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和语义词。
(一)客观题
本部分包括四种题型。
1、词汇
本部分20小题,每小题1分,共20分,主要考查单词和词组的用法。要求应试者从每题四个选择项中选一最佳答案。
2、语法
本部分20小题,每小题1分,共20分,主要考查语法结构的用法。要求应试者从每题4个选择项中选一最佳答案。
3、阅读理解
本部分20小题,每小题1.5分,共30分,要求考生阅读5篇短文。每篇短文后有3-5个问题,每个问题都有四个备选答案,应试者根据短文的内容从四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。
(二)主观题
本部分包括一种题型,翻译题。
2016年中石油职称英语真题及答案

2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I.VocabularySection ADirections:There are some sentences inthis section.Below each sentence are four other words or phrases.Y ou are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A.unconsciousB.thriveC.severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A.lieB.boastC.secretiveD.feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That"Other Woman"in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西)secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的feelawkward为难;作难;犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A.continueB.hurryC.beginD.discontinue 【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案

花了一天时间做了一份真题答案,特做几点申明:1、仅为参考答案,由于水平问题,可能与每个人的答案会有出入,见仁见智吧,毕竟官方不给出标准答案。
2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索,尽可能地找到原题出处,实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。
3、每题后列出了题目出处,并做出简单解析。
前40题错误应该不多,阅读理解部分无法保证全对。
中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
新版中石油职称英语模拟考试题

新版中石油职称英语模拟考试题Company number【1089WT-1898YT-1W8CB-9UUT-92108】模拟试题五I. Vocabulary Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this pari. For each sentence there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.1. _____________________________________________ H e is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his _____________ .A. wordB. wordsC. permissionD. saying2.After second thought, she a better solution.A. came up withB. added up toC. put up withD. made up for3.The club has _ a new rule allowing women to join.A. brought forthB. associated withC. turned overD. laid down4.T he performance will begin at eight thirty.A. preciselyB. consequentlyC. accordinglyD. exceedingly5.H is joke went too far. It was more than I could .A. get rid ofB. put up withC. keep up withD. do away with6. _______________________ At the gathering, he talked about the matter, dampening everyones spirits.A. in detailB. with easeC. on endD. in a confusing way7.1 wish my son would stop and do something realistic.A. hanging aboutB. hanging onC. hanging upD. hanging off8. ____________ We all can’t why she married a man like this.A. reason outB. figure outC. make believeD. take in9.John wants to dispose his old car and buy a new one.A. onB. inC. ofD. to10._____________ Ted agreed to the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. call offD. call onSection BDirections: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined wordor phrase. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.11.Most high school students look up to the star player on the football team.A. envyB. respectC. trustD. pursue12.Mr. Jackson is considered a man of moderate view.A. modemB. stemC. reasonableD. predictable13.What guarantee do we have of this product's quality?A. possibilityB. knowledgeC. indicationD. assurance14.We thought Jane’s performance was particularly good.A. especiallyB. unbelievableC. necessarilyD. unexpectedly15.Everyone knows that the couple were reluctant to have their daughter marry Mr. Townsend.A. eagerB. pleasedC. unwillingD. disappointed16.Any theories must be modified to suit the facts, and not vice-versa.A. validatedB. betteredC. alteredD. fortified17. A red ruby laser will discharge a beam of coherent red light.A. containB. reflectC. change intoD. emit18.The 1906, San Francisco Earthquake, proved to be very fatal.A. shabbyB. messyC. disastrousD. constructive19.Few boxers have been as outstanding as the present heavyweight champion.A. powerfulB. handsomeC. excellentD. talkative20.T he men are negotiating over the sale of the diamonds.A. arguingB. fightingC. thinkingD. bargainingII. GrammaticalStructure Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21. _ nothing more to discuss, the secretary-general got to his feet, said goodbye and left theroom.A. There wasB. BeingC. There beingD. As there being22. _ the size and nature of a business, its main goal is to earn a profit.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WhereasD. Because23.What’s the matter? I smell something.A.bumB. bumsC. being burnedD. burning24.T he car _ s eventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.A. goesB. will goC. wentD. will be going25. I would rather ___ out to look for a job instead of mopingaround here everyday.A. to goB. goingC. wentD. go26.___ is still a controversial issue.A.If he is the right person for the jobB.That he is the right person for the jobC.Whether he is the right person for the jobD.He is the right person for the job27.T om ___ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.A. ought not have receivedB. shouldn’t have receivedC. has been receivedD. couldn't have received28.Y ou'll soon get used to a large breakfast in England.A. eatB. it that you eatC. eatingD. you eat29.1left very early last night, but I wish I so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’tleave30.“How many from your class went abroad?” “but one”.A. AnyB. SomeC. AllD. MostSection BDirections: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B,C,and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and mustbe changed to make the sentence correct. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.31.Faced with petroleum shortages in the 1970's, scientists and engineers in the United StatesAstepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systemsand better insulation.B C D32.It is a phenomenon known as temperature inversion what causes the worst smog in placesA B Csuch as Los Angles.D33.Of all the software the consultants have looked at, the more powerful one is also the mostA BCDaccessible.34.The latest series of articles on trends and innovations have been praised by the readers.A BCD35.After the presentation of the developed specially program, the audience reacted positively andA B Cendorsed it immediately.D36.T he inspector admitted to offer an estimate for the damage free of charge.A B C D37.N ew shopping mall is being planned for the residential area where new homes are being builtA B Cat a rapid rate.D38.T he opinion holding by most investors is to buy now.A B CD39.W hether we make the trip or not, it will be advisable for us to be renewing our passportsA B Cas soon as possible in order to avoid any complications.D40.The only thing what really matters to the children is how soon they can return to theirA B Caunt and uncle’s farm.DIII. Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark youranswer on the Answer Sheet.Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 41 the turn of thecentury when jazz was born, America had no prominent style fits own. No one knows exactlywhen jazz was 42 , or by whom. But it began to be heard in the early 1900s.Jazz isAmericans contribution to 43 music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formalEuropean traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, 44 themoods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America, and45 it does today. The origins of this music are as interesting as the music 46 .AmericanNegroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers .They were brought toSouthern States 47 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work longhours. When a Negro died his friend and relatives 48 a procession to carry the body to thecemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the procession .On the way to the cemeterythe band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 49 on the way home the moodchanged. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their relations ,but the living were glad to bealive. The band played happy music, improvising (即兴表演) on both the harmony and themelody of the tunes 50 at the funeral. This music made everyone want to once. It was an earlyform of jazz.41. A. By B. At C. InD. On42. A. discovered B. acted C. inventedD. designed43. A. classical B. sacred C. popularD. light44. A. expressing B. explaining C. exposingD. illustrating45. A. as B. so C. eitherD. neither46. A. concerned B .itself C. availableD. oneself47. A. for B. as C. withD. by48. A. demonstrated B. composed C. hostedD. formed49. A. Even B. Therefore C. FurthermoreD. But50. A. whistled B. sung c. presentedD. showedIV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage isfollowed by 4 questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and markyour answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known asthe American Revolution. Tothem, however, the dispute between the' colonists and England was peripheral. For AmericanIndians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence,and whichever side they chose,they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among theIroquois. She was a Mohawk, theleader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow ofSir William Johnson,Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, isthe best known American Indianwarrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy thanhe did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king,George Ili. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe hadto abandon their lands andretreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positionsof authority in the Cherokeenation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeksand as a reward for her heroismwas made "Beloved Woman" of the tribe. This office made her chiefof the women's council anda member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with thewhite settlers and supported thePatriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost theirland.51. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B. At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent ofIndian Affairs had little power.C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.52. The word "it" in line 4 refers to ~A. sideB. revolutionC. disputeD. independence53. How did Ward gain her position of authority?A. By bravery in battle.B. By marriage toa chief.C. By joining the confederacy.D. By being bominto a powerful family.54. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and NancyWard had in common?A. Each was called "Beloved Woman" by her tribe.B. Each influenced her tribe's role in the American Revolution.C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D. Each went to England after the American Revolution. Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:More people than ever are drinking coffee these days--but in smaller quantities than theyused to. Some manufacturers of coffee makers are trying to take advantage of this trend bydeveloping diminutive machines that brew smaller amounts of coffee. Two US appliancecompanies-Black & Decker, based in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of Columbia,Missouri-have recently introduced "drip" coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings of coffee.Both of the products brew the coffee directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a separatecarafe. Since many people make a pot of coffee in the morning but drink only a single cup, the newcoffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee. Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time costs $27, whileToastmaster's Coffee Break Retails for $20. Black & Decker also makes a coffee maker that dripscoffee directly into a carry-around thermal carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed tokeep the coffee fresh for hours. The product, called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes with abuilt-in lid that opens during the brewing process and close when it is completed. There are severalmodels, including one that firs under the counter, ranging from $60 to $110 in price.55. The main purpose of the text is toA. introduce a new trend of drinking coffeeB. introduce new coffee makersC. introduce two U.S. appliance companiesD. introduce the new coffee industry56. The advantage of "drip" coffee makers shown in the text is thatA. they are much more economicB. they can produce only one cupC. they are more convenient and easier to operateD. they are more economical57. According to the passage, a thermal carafe is necessary when the coffee isA. preservedB. producedC. manufacturedD. brewed58. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?A. People used to drink coffee in larger quantities.B. It is essential to attach a separate carafe, while "drip" coffee makers are applied.C. People used to make a pot of coffee in the morning and drink it up.D. The new coffee makers usually cost less than before. Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (1758- 1843). Born nearHartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law.But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, hesoon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the AmericanRevolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work onthree simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the firstbooks of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisinglygreat. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in thisform about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less thanone cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little bookhave great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turningits author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary, and thiswas followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISHLANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smallerwritings he had one purpose: to show that the English language in his country was a trulyAmerican thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from anindependent, American point of view. As he himself wrote," It is not only important, but in adegree necessary, that the people of this 'country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY ofthe English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England...somedifferences exist .... No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of thewords congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used inEngland, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in thatcountry." By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number ofAmerican spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside thosefrom English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after ahundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts,nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.59. Webster first tried to earn his living in the field ofA. educationB. journalismC. lawD. medicine60. Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a __A. teacherB. studentC. lawyerD. doctor61. This article could be entitledA. Noah Webster and American English SpellingB. Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English LanguageC. Noah WebsterD. Noah Webster and American English Grammar62. According to the article, Webster __A. had created American English and its usagesB. had discovered American English and improved itC. had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD. had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:The oldest and simplest method, then of describing differences in personality was to classifypeople according to types, and such a system is called a Typology.A famous example of thismethod was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B. C. A physician named Hippocratestheorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, hebelieved, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all fourhumors were in perfect balance had a harmonious personality. If a person had too much blood, hewas called sanguine (血红色), or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bilewas choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, ordepressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, orslow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates' fluid theory. But the namesof the humors, corresponding to these temperaments, have survived and are still useful, to someextent, in describing personality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physics, have also been used to classifypersonality. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors suchas heredity (遗传特征), the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology,and sociology are involved in these theories. Because of the complexity of human personality,present day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideasabout what is most important in determining personality.63. According to Hippocrates' fluid theory, a man with too much phlegm will be __A. optimisticB. easily angeredC. unexcitableD. pessimistic64. The main idea of this passage is about __A. the complicated factors in determining one's personalityB. Hippocrates' fluid theory and its developmentC. the past and today of personality classifications and theoriesD. different personalities and their details65. At present, psychologists __A. have common opinion about personality theories and classificationsB. use biology, archaeology and sociology to study personality theoriesC. have abandoned Hippocrates' fluid theory entirelyD. all agree that human beings are characterized with complex personalities66. According to this passage the factors which are still NOT used to classify personality areA. one's born features and needs of love and successB. one's height and weightC. one's hobbies and idealsD. the environment and intelligenceSection BDirections: You should answer Questions 67-75 which are based on the following passages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.Talking PointLearning a second language fuels children’s intelligence and makes their job prospects brighter. But the fact is, in New Zealand, as in many other English-speaking countries, speakers of two or more languages are in the minority. Eighty-four per cent of New Zealanders are monolingual (speakers of only one language). This leaves a small number who claim to speak two or more languages - a small percentage of whom were born in New Zealand.No matter how proud people arc of their cultural roots, to speak anything other than English is a marker of difference here. That’s why eight-year-old Tiffany Dvorak no longer wishes to speak her mother-tongue, German, and eight-year-old Ani Powell is embarrassed when people comment on the fact that she is able to speak Maori (新西兰毛利人的毛利语>.As Joanne Powell, Ani’s mother, points out: “In Europe, it’s not unusual for kids to be bilingual. But, if you speak another language to your children in New Zealand, there are some people who think that you are not helping them to become a member of society.”But in fact, the general agreement among experts is that learning a second language is good for children. Experts believe that bilinguals - people who speak two languages - have a clear learning advantage over their monolingual schoolmates. This depends on how much of each language they can speak, not on which language is used, so it doesn’t matter whether they arc learning Maori or German or Chinese or any other language.Cathie Elder, a professor of Language Teaching and Learning at Auckland University, says: “A lot of studies have shown that children who speak more than one language sometimes learn one language more slowly, but in the end they do as well as theirmonolingual schoolmates, and often better, in other subjects. The view is that there is an improvement in general intelligence from the effort of learning another language.”Dr Brigitte Halford, a professor of linguistics at Freiburg University in Germany, agrees. “Bilinguals lend to use language better as a whole,” she says. “They also display greater creativity and problem-solving ability, and they learn further languages more easily.”So with all of the benefits, why do we not show more enthusiasm for learning other languages? Parents and teachers involved in bilingual education say pressure from friends at school, general attitudes to other languages in English-speaking countries, and problems in the school system arc to blame.In New Zealand, immigrants face the possibility of culture being lost along with the language their children no longer wish to speak. Tiffany’s mother, Susanne Dvorak, has experienced this. When she and husband Dieter left Germany six years ago to start up a new life in New Zealand, they thought it would be the perfect opportunity to raise their two-year-old as a bilingual. After all, bilingual Turkish families in Germany were normal and Susanne had read all the books she could find on the subject.The idea was to have home as a German language environment and for Tiffany to learn English at nursery school. But when Tiffany went to nursery school she stopped talking completely. She was quiet for about two or three months. Then, when she took up talking again, it was only in English. Concerned for her language development, Dieter started speaking English to his daughter while Susanne continued in German.Today, when Susanne speaks to her daughter in German, she still answers in English. “Or sometimes she speaks half and half. I checked with her teacher and she very seldom mixes up German and English at school. She speaks English like a New Zealander. It’s her German that’s behind,” says Susanne.Professor Halford, also a mother of two bilingual children, says, “It’s normal for kids to r efuse to speak their home language atthe stage when they start to socialise with other kids in kindergarten or school”. But, she says, this depends a lot on the attitudes of the societies in question. In monolingual societies, like New Zealand, “kids want to be like all the others and sometimes use bilingualism as one of the battlefields for finding their own identity in contrast to that of their parents.”She supports Susanne’s approach of not pressuring her daughter. “"Never force the child to use a spec ific language, just keep using it yourself. The child will accept that. There is often a time when children or teenagers will need to establish their own identity as different from their schoolmates and they may use their other language to do so.”Cathie Elder thinks immigrant parents should only speak English to their children if they are able to use English well themselves. “What parents should do is provide rich language experiences for their children in whatever language they speak well. They may feel like outsiders and want to speak the local language, but it is more important for the child's language development to provide a lot of language experience in any language.”There can be differences between children in attitudes to learning languages. Susann e Dvorak’s two-year-old son, Danyon, is already showing signs of speaking German and English equally well. While her “ideal” scenario hasn’t happened with Tiffany, she is aware that her daughter has a certain bilingual ability which, although mainly passive at this stage, may develop later on.Joanne Powell feels the same way about her daughter, Ani. “At the moment she may not want to speak Maori but that’s okay because she’ll pick it up again in her own time. It’s more important that she has the ability to understand who she is. By learning another language she can open the door to another culture.”Donna Chan, 25,a marketing specialist for IBM, arrived here with her parents from Hong Kong when she was four. She also remembers refusing to speak Chinese when she started primary school. But now she appreciates she had the chance to be bilingual. “It’s quite beneficial speaking another language in my job. Last year, my company sent me to a trade fairin Hong Kong because I could speak Chinese. Being bilingual definitely opens d o o r s,” she says.Questions 67-69Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in this passage? For questions 67-69, chooseA.if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)B.if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)C.if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this(NOT GIVEN)67.Most New Zealanders believe it is good to teach children a second language.68.Chinese is the most common foreign language in New Zealand.69.Some languages develop your intelligence more than others. .Questions 70-74Look at the following statements (Questions 70-74) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person, A-E.Choose the correct letter, A-E, for questions 70-74 and mark your answer on the answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.70.Children learning two languages may learn one language faster.71.It has been unexpectedly difficult to raise a bilingual child in New Zealand.72.Children’s attitudes to language depend on general social attitudes.73.Learning a second language provides opportunities to learn another culture.74.Speaking a second language provides work opportunities.Choose TWO letters, A-F.Choose the correct letters for question 75 and mark your answer on the answer sheet. 75. Which TWO people stopped speaking one language as a child?A.Donna ChanB.Susanne DvorakC.Tiffany DvorakD.Cathie ElderE.Brigitte HalfordF.J oanne Powell。
中石油职称英语真题及答案

2016 年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I.Vocabulary SectionADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harshpenalties. A. unconscious B. thrive C. severe D.prudent 【参考答案】 C【释义】 harsh adj. 残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj. 无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v. 繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj. 谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】 B【出处】 2016 版《通用选读》第【释义】 brag v. 吹嘘;自吹自擂28 课 That "Other Woman" in My Life 第8段。
中石油职称英语大纲模拟试题5及答案教学提纲

学习-----好资料模拟试题五I. V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his __A. wordB. wordsC. permissionD. saying2. After second thought, she a better solution.A. came up withB. added up toC. put up withD. made up for3. The club has ~ a new rule allowing women to join.A. brought forthB. associated withC. turned overD. laid down4. The performance will begin __ at eight thirty.A. preciselyB. consequentlyC. accordinglyD. exceedingly5. It's very discourteous to __ during some one's conversation.A. inspectB. interruptC. interfereD. instruct6. His joke went too far. It was more than 1 could __A. get rid ofB. put up withC. keep up withD. do away with7. Will all those the proposal raise their hands?A. in relation toB. in excess ofC. in contrast toD. in favor of8. At the gathering, he talked __ about the matter, dampening everyones spirits.A. in detailB. with easeC. on endD. in a confusing way9. We cannot always the wind, so new windmills should be so designed that they can also be driven by water.A. hang onB. count onC. hold onD. come on10. I don't want to you in if you are what you say.A. runB. catchC. makeD. take11. Mr. Brown is a old man and all his neighbors are __ to him.A. respectful...respectableB. respectable...respectiveC. respectable...respectfulD. respective...respectable12. I wish my son would stop __ and do something realistic.A. hanging aboutB. hanging onC. hanging upD. hanging off13. There are some flowers on the desk.A. artificialB. falseC. unrealD. untrue14. We all can't __ why she married a man like this.A. reason outB. figure outC. make believeD. take in15. John wants to dispose his old car and buy a new one.A. onB. inC. ofD. to16. He slept in the __ of the trees on such a hot day.A. shadeB. shelterC. shadowD. shield17. Ted agreed to __ the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. call offD. call on18.We are not to veto(:~,~__) our own proposals.A. likelyB. possibleC. probableD. potential19. He agreed with the plan in , but thought that in practice it would not work.更多精品文档.学习-----好资料A. attitudeB. approachC. viewpointD. principle20. The conversation was so interesting that we were __ of the lateness of the hour.A. negligibleB. inattentiveC. irrelevantD. obliviousII. Grammatical StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. nothing more to discuss, the secretary-general got to his feet, said goodbye and left the room.A. There wasB. BeingC. There beingD. As there being22. It was urgent that he __ her immediately.A. callsB. calledC. callD. would call23. the size and nature of a business, its main goal is to earn a profit.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WhereasD. Because24. What's the matter? I smell something __A. bumB. bumsC. being burnedD. burning25. Mathematics as well as other subjects __ a science.A. wasB. isC. areD. belong to26. he was a regular customer, the boss allowed 10% discount off the prices of the goods.A. GivingB. Given thatC. Giving thatD. To give that27. It was during the 1920's __ the friendship between Hemingway and Fitzgerald reached its highest point.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. after28. dwell on her past.A. Little need sheB. Little did she needC. Little she neededD. Little she did need29. a fine day, I decided to go for an outing.A. BeingB. Having beenC. It beingD. How30. The car seventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.A. goesB. will goC. wentD. will be going31. Many a time __ not to play with fire but he turns a deaf ear to the warnings.A. the child being toldB. the child has been toldC. has been told the childD. has the child been told32. I would rather out to look for a job instead of moping around here everyday.A. to goB. goingC. wentD. go33. is still a controversial issue.A. If he is the right person for the jobB. That he is the right person for the jobC. Whether he is the right person for the jobD. He is the right person for the job34. Tom __ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.A. ought not have receivedB. shouldn't have receivedC. has been receivedD. couldn't have received35. You'll soon get used to __ a large breakfast in England.A. eatB. it that you eatC. eatingD. you eat36. I left very early last night, but I wish I __ so early.A. didn't leaveB. hadn't leftC. haven't leftD. couldn't leave更多精品文档.学习-----好资料37. The cottage will be cold. Make sure __ the heater.A. you lightB. for lightingC. lightingD. you'll light38. How many from your class went abroad? .... but one.A. AnyB. SomeC. AllD. Most39. Heating into the students' dormitories now.A. is puttingB. is being putC. is been putD. has been putting40.He has got himself into a dangerous situation .~ he has no control.A. becauseB. asC. over thatD. over which1II. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the' colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ili. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made Beloved Woman of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women's council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supportedthe Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.41. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B. At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.42. The word it in line 4 refers to ~A. sideB. revolutionC. disputeD. independence43. How did Ward gain her position of authority?A. By bravery in battle.B. By marriage to a chief.C. By joining the confederacy.D. By being bom into a powerful family.44. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?A. Each was called Beloved Woman by her tribe.B. Each influenced her tribe's role in the American Revolution.C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D. Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:More people than ever are drinking coffee these days--but in smaller quantities than they used to. Some manufacturers of coffee makers are trying to take advantage of this trend by developing diminutive machines that 更多精品文档.学习-----好资料brew smaller amounts of coffee. Two US appliance companies-Black & Decker, based in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of Columbia, Missouri-have recently introduced drip coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings of coffee. Both of the products brew the coffee directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a separate carafe. Since many people make a pot of coffee in the morning but drink only a single cup, the new coffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee. Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time costs $27, while Toastmaster's Coffee Break Retails for $20. Black & Decker also makes a coffee maker that drips coffee directly into a carry-around thermal carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed to keep the coffee fresh for hours. The product, called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes with a built-in lid that opens during the brewing process and close when it is completed. There are several models, including one that firs under the counter, ranging from $60 to $110 in price.45. The main purpose of the text is toA. introduce a new trend of drinking coffeeB. introduce new coffee makersC. introduce two U.S. appliance companiesD. introduce the new coffee industry46. The advantage of drip coffee makers shown in the text is thatA. they are much more economicB. they can produce only one cupC. they are more convenient and easier to operateD. they are more economical47. According to the passage, a thermal carafe is necessary when the coffee isA. preservedB. producedC. manufacturedD. brewed48. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?A. People used to drink coffee in larger quantities.B. It is essential to attach a separate carafe, while drip coffee makers are applied.C. People used to make a pot of coffee in the morning and drink it up.D. The new coffee makers usually cost less than before.Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (1758- 1843). Born near Hartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law. But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the first books of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in this form about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less than one cent a copy,Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little book have great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turning its author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary, and this was followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smaller writings he had one purpose: to show that the English language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote, It is not only important, but in a degree necessary, that the people of this 'country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same 更多精品文档.学习-----好资料as in England...some differences exist .... No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country. By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts, nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.49. Webster first tried to earn his living in the field ofA. educationB. journalismC. lawD. medicine50. Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a __A. teacherB. studentC. lawyerD. doctor51. This article could be entitledA. Noah Webster and American English SpellingB. Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English LanguageC. Noah WebsterD. Noah Webster and American English Grammar52. According to the article, Webster __A. had created American English and its usagesB. had discovered American English and improved itC. had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD. had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:Albert Schweitzer was born in 1875 in Alsace. At that time, it was a part of Germany. His generous spirit was first awakened through his training as a Lutheran minister. Besides gaining a reputation as a preacher, he also became respected for his ability to play the organ. He was a man of many talents. His concern for other people turned his attention to medicine. He had also acquired doctoral degrees in philosophy and music. ,His wife took an interest in medicine too and became a nurse. Many people thought that he should remain and lecture in Europe to have a strong impact on Western civilization. Though he listened to their suggestions, he ultimately decided to follow his own conscience. This led him to Africa. Albert had felt that all men should accept the responsibility of helping others. He felt particularly concerned for black Africans who had been exploited by white men. He earned the money he needed by performing on the organ and by lecturing. With this money he bought equipment and opened a hospital in Africa. He was a man of great strength who faced great problems with courage. The threat of war, the reality of imprisonment during World War, one as a German citizen, and the unbearable heat in Africa did not deter him at all. He believed that man could overcome these obstacles if he had a sense of idealism. He died in1965.53. He had talents forA. training his wife to be a nurse, giving concert and lecturingB. giving medical care, lecturing, playing the organC. taking care of sick people, fighting as a soldier, lecturingD. giving concert, making equipment, helping others54. In spite of people's suggestions, Albert decided to go to AfricaA. because he was born thereB. because he wanted to help others particularly black Africans who had been exploited by white menC. because he wanted to give a concert to African people更多精品文档.学习-----好资料D. because he wanted to' make money there55. Why did the author think he was a man of great strength?A. He always faced great problems with courage.B. The threat of war and the reality of imprisonment during World War didn't discourage him.C. The unbearable heat in Africa did not deter him at all.D. All of the above.56. Albert Schweitzer lived to beA. 70 years oldB. 80 years oldC. 90 years oldD. 100 years oldQuestions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:The oldest and simplest method, then of describing differences in personality was to classify people according to types, and such a system is called a Typology. A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B. C. A physician named Hippocrates theorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a harmonious personality. If a person had too much blood, he was called sanguine (血红色), or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bile was choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, or depressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, or slow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates' fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these temperaments, have survived and are still useful, to some extent, in describing personality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physics, have also been used to classify personality. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors such as heredity (遗传特征), the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology, and sociology are involved in these theories. Because of the complexity of human personality, present day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideas about what is most important in determining personality.57. According to Hippocrates' fluid theory, a man with too much phlegm will be __A. optimisticB. easily angeredC. unexcitableD. pessimistic58. The main idea of this passage is about __A. the complicated factors in determining one's personalityB. Hippocrates' fluid theory and its developmentC. the past and today of personality classifications and theoriesD. different personalities and their details59. At present, psychologists __A. have common opinion about personality theories and classificationsB. use biology, archaeology and sociology to study personality theoriesC. have abandoned Hippocrates' fluid theory entirelyD. all agree that human beings are characterized with complex personalities60. According to this passage the factors which are still NOT used to classify personality areA. one's born features and needs of love and successB. one's height and weightC. one's hobbies and idealsD. the environment and intelligenceSection BDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and 更多精品文档.学习-----好资料D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 61 the turn of the century when jazz was bom, America had no prominent style fits own. No one knows exactly when jazz was 62 , or by whom. But it began to be heard in the early 1900s.Jazz is Americans contribution to 63 music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles withenergy, 64 the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America, and 65 it does today. The origins of this music are as interesting as the music 66 .American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers .They were brought to Southern States 67 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died his friend and relatives 68 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the procession .On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 69 on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their relations ,but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, improvising (~ll~,,) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes 70 at the funeral. This music made everyone want to once. It was an early form of jazz.61. A. By B. At C. In D. On62. A. discovered B. acted C. invented D. designed63. A. classical B. sacred C. popular D. light64. A. expressing B. explaining C. exposing D. illustrating65. A. as B. so C. either D. neither66. A. concerned B .itself C. available D. oneself67. A. for B. as C. with D. by68. A. demonstrated B. composed C. hosted D. formed69. A. Even B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. But70. A. whistled B. sung c. presented D. showedIV. TranslationDirections: There is 1 passage in this part of the test. You are to translate the passages into Chinese on your Answer Sheet.71.One of the rules for being rich is to avoid frivolous temptations. Surely there are many other rules for the purpose. One of them is to stay in school or, if out of school, go back to it for continuing education. It has neverbeen easier to get an education but you will learn something worth the time and effort. College costs have beenrising gradually relative to family income level for more than twenty years. However the rate of return on a collegeeducation has been rising as well, making the investment a good deal. Meanwhile, the cost of self-education hasfallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information available on CD-ROMs and Internet. Inaddition, to choose a good major for education is also important. History and politics professors earn less thanaccounting professor, much less than businessmen. For that reason, accounting professors can expect to earn muchless than their students who major in business.更多精品文档.-----好资料学习模拟试题五参考答案及部分试题答案解析一、答案I. Vocabulary1-20 AADAB BDCBA CAABC ACADDII. Grammatical Structure21-40 CCADB BBACD DDCDC BACBDIII. Reading Comprehension41-60 CDABB DAACA CCBBD CCCDC61-70 BCCAA BBDDC年版通用英语选读相关课文。
2016年中石油职称英语真题及答案

2016年中石油职称英语考试真题与参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent[参考答案]C[释义]harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段.[释义]brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有〔值得自豪的东西〕secretive adj.〔思想、情感等〕不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的feelawkward 为难;作难;犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC. beginD.discontinue [参考答案]D[出处]MBA联考大纲英语词组.原题:The employee had to break off theconversation in order to wait on his manager. <discontinue>[释义]break off v.断绝;折取;把…折断;使脱落continue v.持续;延伸;继续存在;不断发生hurry v.赶快;〔朝某方向〕迅速移动;催促〔某人〕;迅速处理begin v.开始;启动;起始;开始存在〔或进行〕discontinue v.停止;终止;中断;终止〔生产〕4、There is an extensiveglacier system, endless forests, and innumerable lakes throughout this highlandarea.A. expansiveB. broad d. deep D.intense[参考答案]A[出处]2016版《通用选读》第24课The Delights of South Island第3段[释义]extensive adj.广阔的;广大的;大量的;广泛的expansive adj.广阔的;辽阔的;浩瀚的;广泛的broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的;…宽〔用于表示距离的量度之后〕deep adj.深陷;全神贯注;专心;深的intense adj.很大的;十分强烈的;严肃紧X的;激烈的5、Scientists aretrying to develop computers that will simulate the human thoughtprocess.A. projectB. reflectC. substituteD. assume [参考答案]B[出处]2015版大纲模拟试题一第13题[释义]simulate v.模仿;假装;冒充;装作project v.计划;规划;投影;投射reflect v.反映;映出〔影像〕;反射〔声、光、热等〕;显示substitute v.取代;〔以…〕代替assume v.假设;假定;认为;假装6、The two drivers wereinjured in the collision.A. fightB. accidentC. criticD.crash[参考答案]D[出处]同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题[解释]collision n.抵触;碰撞〔或相撞〕事故fight n.斗争;打架;打斗;搏斗accident n.意外;〔交通〕事故;意外遭遇;不测事件critic n.评论家;反对者;批评者crash n.崩溃;坠毁;撞击;速成7、Visiting in a humidclimate will cause the traveler’s clothing to become saturated withsweat.A. stainedB. heatedC. drenchedD. trapped[参考答案]C[出处]大学六级试题[释义]saturated adj.浸透;湿透;〔溶液〕饱和的;深的stained adj.<被血或污物>染污的;有瑕疵或污点的;<因罪行>败坏名声的;染色的heated adj.愤怒的;激烈的;十分激动的;〔用加热器〕加热了的drenched adj.湿透的;含太多液体的;充满<液体>的trap v.诱捕;设计诱陷;安防臭瓣;发射<泥鸽>8、In the heart of thecontinent of Antarctica it is almost as high as the summits of the Alps.A. topsB. trailsC. apexesD. sites[参考答案]C[出处]2016版《通用选读》第60课Why Antarctica Is Being Explored第8段[释义]summit n.峰会;山顶;顶点;最高点top n.顶;上衣;陀螺;上面trails n.小路;长长地拖垂后头的东西;<流星等的>尾;衣裙apex n.顶点;最高点site n.;站点;现场;位置9、Now some scientistshave revised their way of thinking.A. rejectedB. unclearC. amendedD.distasteful[参考答案]C[出处]新视野大学英语3课文1-6单元sectionB原文[释义]revise v.修订;修正;校阅;再检查reject v.拒绝;驳回;丢弃;不接受unclear adj.不清楚的;不确定的;难以掌握的;不完全明白amend v.改良;订正;改变<行为等>;改过distasteful adj.使人不愉快的;令人反感的;讨厌的10、It has been arguedthat oil may better be found by random drilling than by the appliance ofscientific principles.A. foolishB. unplannedC.unavoidableD. wise [参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第31课Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences第8段[释义]random adj.随机的foolish adj.愚蠢的;傻的;感到荒谬;出丑unplanned adj.未计划〔或筹划〕的;意外的unavoidable adj.无法避免的;难以预防的wise adj.充满智慧的;明智的;英明的;明察善断的SectionBDirections: There are some incompletesentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer onthe answer sheet.11、Our overseas branchoffice is ____ to open in Dubai next month.A. advancedB. informedC. maintainedD. scheduled[参考答案]D[出处]托业考试〔TOEIC〕模拟试题[释义]advance v.提前;进步;促进;预付inform v.通知;通告;知会;了解maintain v.维护;保持;坚持;抚养schedule v.安排;预定;为…安排时间12、Dear, do send thechildren to bed. I can't ____ their noise any longer.A. put up withB. put outC. put offD. putaway[参考答案]A[出处]专升本英语考前复习试题[释义]put up with na. 忍住;忍耐putout v.扑灭;熄灭;放出;伸出putoff na. 延期;辩解putaway v.把…收起来;储存13、Sales promotion ____those promotional activities other than advertising, personal selling, andpublicity.A. is consistedofB. consists ofC. is composed fromD. composes from[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第52课Sales Promotion第1段[释义]is consisted of 被动语态,由……组成的consists of v.由…构成;由…组成;由…组成14、These fuels____ heatwhen they burn.A. give upB. give offC. give awayD. give in[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第26课The Magic of Energy第13段[释义]give up na.放弃;断绝;投降;自首give off na.放出;发出;释放;散发出give away na.赠送;分发;放弃;露马脚give in na.让步;屈服;投降;上交15、I believe in thesupreme worth of the individual and in his right __ life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness.A. byB. to c. at D.over[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第7课Our Family Creed第5段16、Wherever you go inthe world, try to show respect for the values of the country you are in, ____ youdo not necessarily agree with them.A. whateverB. even ifC.as ifD. provided[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第46课Cultural Taboos第6段[释义]whatever pron.[连接代词]无论;什么都;〈俚〉究竟…什么even if na.即使…也as if 仿佛;好像;俨然;似乎;就跟…一样provided conj.如果;假如;在…条件下17、Mainframe SoftwareCompany ____ its clients complete satisfaction with all its products.A. requestsB. admitsC.agreesD.guarantees[参考答案]D[出处]托业考试〔TOEIC〕试题[释义]这里要选择谓语动词.在空格之后是动词的双宾语its clients和complete satisfaction.选项当中可以接直接宾语和间接宾语的只有guarantee.guarantee+人+物"向某人保证某事〞.<A>request"要求〞和<B>admit"同意〞只能接一个宾语.<C>agree"同意〞.18、Organic chemistry is____ both in the analysis of oil and gas and in the study of the diagenesis of the plant and animal tissues in sediments.A. involvedB. evolutionC. revolvedD. evolved[参考答案]A[出处]2016版《通用选读》第31课Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences第3段[释义]be involved in na.被包入;被卷入漩涡;参与;涉与;介入19、Managers need tomonitor inflation ____ so they can make good decisions.A. emergencyB. trendC. paceD. schedule[参考答案]B[出处]2016版《通用选读》第47课Managing In a Global Environment第10段[释义]emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况trend n.趋势;动向;趋向;动态pace n.步伐;节奏;步速;〔移动的〕速度schedule n.日程安排;明细表;工作计划20、He failed again inthe driving test. I don’t know why ____ hewas so nervous.A. in the earthB. on the earthC. in earthD. onearth[参考答案]D[出处]2016年中石油职称英语考试模拟试题二[释义]in the earth 在泥土里;在地下;在地里onthe earth 在地球上inearth 在土壤中on earth adv. 究竟,到底,固定搭配,为程度副词.II. Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: There are some incompletesentences in this part. Beneath each sentence you will see four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and markyour answer on the answer sheet.21、If you don’t agreeto our plan, ____.A. either theywillB.neither will theyC. so don’t theyD.so they won’t neither[参考答案]B[解析]句意:如果你不同意我们的计划,他们也不同意.表示某人也不怎么样,用neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语.所以选B.22、He speaks English,but not ____ his sister does.A. as well likeB. so well asC. like good asD. asgood as[参考答案]B[出处]20##中石油职称英语考试真题[解析]句意:他会说英语,但不好他的姐姐说的好.23、You aresupposed ____ everything ready by now.A. to getB.gettingC. to have gotD. having got[参考答案]C[解析]句意:到目前为止你应该把一切都准备好了.此题考动词搭配.be supposed后要接不定式,即be supposed to do sth. 表示"应该……〞.此句中"by now〞表示动作应已完成,所以不定式要用完成时态,故C为正确答案.24、The committeerecommends that the matter ____ at the next meeting.A. be discussedB. may be discussedC. would bediscussedD. will bediscussed[参考答案]A[解析]recommends 出现,应用虚拟语气,完整的为should be discussed ,should省略了.当主句的谓语动词为suggest,propose, advise, insist, order, demand, require, request, desire等表示"建议〞、"命令〞、"请求〞和"要求〞的动词时,其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气"should+动词原形〞〔在美国英语中should省略〕.25、The University ofMichigan,____ in 1817, is located mAnn Arbor, Michigan.A. which was foundB. which was foundedC. foundingD.that was found[参考答案]B[解析]be founded 成立;被建立;被发现26、Before ____ the envelope, please be sure you haveenclosed all of the documents listed in your orientation packet.A. sealingB. is sealedC. was sealedD.seal[参考答案]A[解析]考察分词结构,当两句相连时,如果两句的主语相同,可以省略一个主语.但是动词如果是主动式则改为现在分词,若动词如果是被动式,则保留过去分词.本题原本应该是「Before you seal the envelope」,但因为连接的两句主词都是you,所以将「before you seal the envelope」改为分词结构的「beforesealing the envelope」.27、To protect thecamera lens, be sure to reattach the lens cover ____ returning the camera to its case.A. whenB.whatC. whetherD. why[参考答案]A28、You __ her in theoffice last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks.A. must haveseenB.can’t have seenC. needn’t haveseenD. might have seen[参考答案]B[解析]考查情态动词的完成式.整句意思:你上周五不可能在她办公室看到她了,她出城已经有两个星期了. must have done过去一定做了,can’t have done过去不可能做了,needn’t have done过去本不必做而做了,might have done过去可能做了.29、As a general rule, snakes ____ unless offended.A. have notbittenB.do not biteC. will not bebitingD.are not biting[参考答案]B[解析]本题指的是通常状态下,所以要用一般现在时.句意:一般情况下蛇不会咬人,除非被冒犯.offended v.冒犯; 得罪; 触怒<offend的过去式和过去分词>; 使反感令人不适.30、I guess Jones didn’thave a chance to win the election. ____ thepeople in the city voted for his opponent.A. Most of allB. Almost all ofC. Most all ofD.Almost the whole of[参考答案]B[出处]2016大纲模拟试题二第26题[解析]句意:我猜想琼斯是不可能在选举中获胜了,几乎所有的市民都投了他的对手的票.此题考查词的搭配.most of all大多数;almost all of the people几乎全部人们;C项搭配不正确;D项的whole一般不指代人.Section BDirections: In questions 31-40 eachsentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B, C, and D. Choosethe one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make thesentence correct. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.31、One of the much discussing questions today has to do withwhether or not theteaching ofA B C reading should start in thekindergarten.D[参考答案]A.改为:much discussed questions32、When a severe ankle injury forced herself to give up reporting in1926,MargaretMitchellA B Cbegan writing her novel Gone with the wind.D[参考答案]C.改为:her33、The bigger of all nine planets in the solar system is Jupiter.A B C D[参考答案]A.改为:biggest34、There are vineyardsin California thatproduct some of the best wine in the world.A B C D [参考答案]B.改为:produce35、Rapidly fallen oil prices caused OPEC ministers to meet and plan a strategy.A B C D[参考答案]B.[出处]2016大纲模拟试题二第37题[解析]改为:B 应改为falling36、It is a phenomenon known as temperature inversion what causes the worst smog in placesA B C such as LosAngles.D[参考答案]B[出处]大纲模拟试题五第32题[解析]改为:B 应改为that.此题考查强调句型.本句为It 引导的强调句型,后面应用that,而不是what.37、New shopping mall is being planned for the residential area where new homes are being builtA B Cat a rapid rate.D[参考答案]A[出处]2016大纲模拟试题五第37题[解析]A 应改为A new shopping.此题考查冠词.单数可数名词前必须有冠词.38、The instructor hadgone over the problems many timesbefore the students will take the final examination.A B CD[参考答案]D[解析]D改为took.主句为过去完成时,故before引导的从句为过去时.39、I don’t know that you can recognize him from here, but the boy reading thenewspaper is Tom.A B C D [参考答案]A[解析]改为whether40、The test administrator ordered we not to open our books until he told us to do.A B C D [参考答案]B[解析]B改为us.III. Close TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.The weather often changes what people do and how they do it. It is very important in our everyday live. Meteorologists are scientists who try to predict the weather. 41 do they find out this _42 _?For 43 scientists tried to predict the weather by 44 it. This didn’t work very well. Even if a man stands on a very high mountain, he can only see a small part of the weather. Then, in 1820, a German scientist 45 that scientists could draw a map of the way weather moves. The weather tomorrow is _ 46 _ today. It may move as 47 as 30 miles an hour. It may move 725 miles in 24 hour. _ 48 weather moves, the best way to predict 49 is to use maps. You can see a picture of the weather for large parts of the country on a map. Winter storms of rain and 50 will be 1,000 miles wide. Only on a map can meteorologists see a storm this big. In 1820,it was difficult to make such maps. Why was it difficult? The scientists needed weather reports to make the maps. It was not easy to get weather reports quickly. Today weather reports can be easily and quickly collected from everywhere.41、A. Why B. When C. Where D. How42、A. information B. news C. advice D. experience43、A. ever B. a short while C. a long time D. the first time44、A. listening to B. looking at C. believing in D. depending on45、A. insisted B. expected C. showed D. agreed46、A. far away from B. over there C. near here D. high up47、A. fast B. soon C. far D. slow48、A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Though49、A. it B. this C. that D. one50、A. cloud B. steam C. snow D. water 41.D[解析]上文已经提到气象学家,是研究天气变化的科学家并试图预测天气,那么这句意思,按逻辑关系应该谈与预测方法.42. A[解析]句中的词组find out意为"查出、找到〞,选项中advice意为"建议〞,experience意为"经验、体验〞,information意为"信息〞.43. C[解析]a long time 很长时间;很长一段时间.44. B [解析] believe in意为"信仰……〞,depend on意为"依赖于……〞,look at意为"看……〞45. C[解析]show意为"说明、证明〞,agree意为"同意、赞同〞,insist意为"坚持〞.此句意为:1820年,德国一科学家证明可用天气变化图预测天气.并没有"同意〞"坚持〞的含义.46. A[解析]far away from意为"远离……〞,此句意为"明天的天气状况距离今天很遥远.〞47. A[解析]本句意思为:气象变动速度很快,每小时"快〞达30英里.由下句可知这里指的是速度.48. C[解析]这是一个表示原因的状语从句.承接上下文,因为天气不断移动,所以最好的预测天气的办法是用图来表明.49. A[解析]在表示时间、距离、天气等时,代词应用"it〞.50. C[解析]rain and snow雨雪IV. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the answer sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:Although recent years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing. Consequently, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and ozone <generated by photochemical reactions with hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust> that exceed legally established limits. There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions—short of a massive shift away from the private automobile—is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ethanol, or methanol.All of these alternatives are carbon-based fuels whose molecules are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline. These molecules bum more cleanly than gasoline, in part because they have fewer, if any, carbon-carbon bonds and the hydrocarbons they do emit are less likely to generate ozone. The combustion of larger molecules, which have multiple carbon-carbon bonds involves a more complex series of reactions. These reactions increase the probability of incomplete combustion and are more likely to release uncombusted and photochemically active hydrocarbon compounds into the atmosphere. On the other hand, alternative fuels do have drawbacks. Compressed natural gas would require that vehicles have set of heavy fuel tanks — a serious liability in terms of performance and fuel efficiency — and liquefied petroleum gas faces fundamental limits on supply.Ethanol and methanol, on the other hand, have important advantages over other carbon-based alternative fuels: they have higher energy content per volume and would require minimal changes in the existing network for distributing motor fuel. Ethanol is commonly used as a gasoline supplement, but it is currently about twice as expensive as methanol, the low cost of which is one of its attractive features. Methanol’s most attractive feature, however, is that it can reduce by about 90 percent the vehicle emissions that form ozone, the most serious urban air pollutant.Like any alternative fuel, methanol has its critics. Yet much of the criticism is based on the use of "gasoline clone〞vehicles that do not incorporate even the simplest design improvements that are made possible with the use of methanol. It is true, for example, that a given volume of methanol provides only about one-half of the energy that gasoline and diesel fuel do; other things being equal, the fuel tank would have to be somewhat larger and heavier. However, since methanol-fueled vehicles could be designed to be much more efficient than"gasoline clone〞vehicles fueled with methanol they would need comparatively less fuel. Vehicles incorporating only the simplest of the engine improvements that methanol makes feasible would still contribute to an immediate lessening of urban air pollution.51、According to the text, incomplete combustion is more likely to occur with gasoline than with an alternative fuel becauseA. gasoline molecules have a simple molecular structure.B. gasoline is composed of small molecules.C. the combustion of gasoline releases photochemically active hydrocarbons.D. the combustion of gasoline embraces an intricate set of reactions.[原文出处]2016版通用选读第五课Carbon-based Alternative.题目源自于考研、GRE等.[参考答案]D[解析]本题是一道指代词题型.根据题干中的"incomplete combustion〞可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第二段的第四句,该句中的指代词"these〞暗示本题的具体答案信息来源应该在第二段的第三句.通过阅读和理解第二段的第三句可推导出本题的正确选项.52、The text suggests which of the following about air pollution?A. Few serious attempts have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants emitted by gasoline-fueled vehicles.B. Pollutants emitted by gasoline-fueled vehicles are not the most critical source of urban air pollution.C. Further attempts to reduce emissions from gasoline-fueled vehicles will not help lower urban air pollution levels.D. Attempts to reduce the pollutants that an individual gasoline-fueled vehicle emits have been largely unsuccessful.[参考答案]C[解析]本题是一道审题定位题型.通过题干中的"air pollution〞可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第一段,因为第一段首句中含有"noxious pollutants〞,都在谈污染的问题.通过阅读和理解第一段,尤其是第一段尾句即全文的中心主旨句,可推导出本题的正确选项.这是一道比较难的题.考生在解题时一定要具备审题定位能力,还要具备归纳和推导能力.53、Which of the following most closely parallels the situation described in the first sentence of the text?A. Although a town’s citizens reduce their individual use of water, the town’s water supplies continue to dwindle because of a steady increase in the total populating of the town.B. Although a country attempts to increase the sale of domestic goods by adding a tax to the price of imported goods, the sale of imported goods within the country continues to increase.C. Although a town reduces its public services in order to avoid a tax increase, the town’s tax rate exceeds that of other towns in the surrounding area.D. Although a state passes strict laws to limit the type of toxic material that can be disposed of in public landfills, illegal dumping continues to increase.[参考答案]A[解析]这是一道类比题型,因为本题题干中含有"parallels〞<与……相当,与……一样>一词.本题题干已将类比的参照对象确定在第一段的首句.通过仔细阅读和理解第一段的首句,可推导出本题的正确选项,因为该选项涉与的增减关系的前提条件和原文一脉相承.考生在破解这种题型时应对原文所表达的内容与关系有明确的认识和把握,不可以无根据地推导.54、It can be inferred that the author of the text most likely regards the criticism ofmethanol as .A. flawed because of the assumptions on which it is based.B. inapplicable because of an inconsistency in the critics, arguments.C. misguided because of its exclusively technological focus.D. inaccurate because it ignores consumers, concerns.[参考答案]A[解析]这是一道细节推导题型.本题题干中的"the criticism of methanol〞把本题的答案信息来源确定在第四段的第一、二句.通过阅读和理解这两句话,尤其是第二句话,就可推导出本题的正确选项.考生在破解本题时一定要注意第二句话的第一个词"Yet〞在语意上所起的作用.考生在解题时一定要重视启承转合词的出现和功能.Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:For many travelers there is nothing like a big city. The big cities of a nation offer things that are usually not found in other places. Outstanding museums, plays, music, and dance groups are examples. Shops that seem to sell everything under the sun, great buildings, famous businesses, and very fine restaurants also are common.For many travelers, therefore, the city is the place to be. Yet, for some, the city has become a place to fear. They see the city as a place with too many people, too much traffic, and yes, too much crime.Here are a few suggestions and safety rules which can help the visitor to have more fun and fewer worries. Keep them in mind the next time you travel to a large city so that you can make the most of your visit.Choose a hotel which has a good reputation. Don’t choose just any place from a list of hotels and prices. Try to talk with someone who has been there.When you get to your hotel, leave any large amounts of cash and anything else of value in the hotel safe. Take them out only as you need them. It is wise not to show a lot of jewelry anyway. If you must keep things of value in your room, at least lock them in a suitcase before you go out.Keep young children with you at all times. Do not let them walk around without you.Do most of your daytime and all of your nighttime sightseeing in the city’s main areas. Go to other areas only when you are sure they are safe. You can walk safely through most big-city streets from around 8 a.m. to early evening. Never go to parks and beaches after dark or very early in the morning. At night, walk on busy, well-lighted main streets. Do not walk alone. Use a taxi when there is any question of safety or distance.Try to take a taxi owned by a major company. Be sure you can see the city number on the outside and the driver’s picture on the inside. If you are not sure of a taxi, ask your hotel doorman or bell captain. In New York City it is advisable to travel only in Yellow Cabs.If you have small children with you, give them, in writing, the name of your hotel,its phone number, and your room number. Tell them, if lost, to tell a policeman or call a telephone operator from a public place of business.Remember that there are lots of people to help you. Policemen and people in hotels, restaurants, stores, and banks can give you directions and information.Millions of people visit cities every year in perfect safety and have a great time.Follow these simple rules and you can too.55、The author states that big cities .A. are usually very safeB. are more fun than small townsC. are too dangerous for most visitors.D. have a lot to offer56、This article states that .A. you should choose a hotel with a good reputationB. children are safe if they have a dime and a phone numberC. a locked suitcase is the best place for money and jewelryD. any area of a big city is safe at night57、We can tell from statements made in this article that __.A. the driver should have his name written on his uniformB. not everything that looks like a taxi is a proper safe taxiC. only yellow taxis are safe to useD. all taxi drivers should have their pictures showing in the front window58、This article is mainly about .A. choosing the right hotelB. the care of money and other things of valueC. safety rules to followD. planning the trip[原文出处]2016版通用选读第27课When You Travel to a Large City[参考答案]DABD55. D [解析]"big cities〞是关键词,短文第一段.56. A [解析]第四段首句.一般来说,如果在文中没有出现带有"绝对〞含义的词汇,如:B. ……are safe if……如果……就是安全的,C. ……the best……最佳……,D. any……任何……,不会是正确答案.57. B [解析]与上一题相同的道理.only只有……、all所有的…….58. D [解析]很明显,A、B只是短文的一部分内容,C、D容易被混淆.从第3段第一句话发现,本文是要提出"suggestions and safety rules〞,不仅仅是safety rules,因此排除C.Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:NegotiationThe increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes thatof an impersonal purveyor of information and cash, an image that succeeds only in undermining the negotiation. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while subv erting the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.59、According to the author, what is the purpose of negotiation?A. To undermine the other negotiator’s positionB. To communicate back and forthC. To reach an agreementD. To understand the culture of the negotiators60、The word "undermining〞in the last sentence of paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .A. making briefB. making weakC. making knowD. making clear61、What does the author mean by the statement in paragraph 1: "Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts〞.A. Because their training is not as good, Americans are less successful as negotiators than their international counterparts.B. Foreign businesspersons do not like to negotiate with Americans, who are not well trained.C. Training is not available for Americans who must interact in international negotiations.D. Foreign businesspersons negotiate less effectively than Americans because of their training.62、The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses .A. knowledge of foreign languagesB. relationships between negotiatorsC. ways to increase cross-cultural understandingD. traits that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding[出处]原文为新概念优美背诵短文50篇:国际商业和跨文化交流[参考答案]CBAC[解析]59. C 第二段首句,关键词:purpose60. B undermine v. 冲蚀;削弱…的基础;用阴险手段毁损.与下一段subvert同。
2016年中石油职称英语水平考试复习资料1-5

1。
Six Golden Rules for Meeting Managemen t主持会议六大准则1。
If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.1.如果要求你主持一个会议,记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。
2。
Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time,group members who show up late will realize the value of time。
Beginning on time reflects skill as an effective time manager and sets a precedent for others to follow.2.总要准时开会。
如果你准时开始,晚到的与会者意识到时间的价值。
准时开始反应了一位善于掌握时间的人的技巧,也给其他人树立了榜样。
3。
Assign a note-taker or arrange to have the meeting audiotaped。
You may need to refer back to an issue that was discussed during the meeting at a later date. Good record—keeping is a sign of a good meeting manager as well.3。
安排一位会议记录或给会议录音。
日后你可能需要参考会议中商讨的某个问题,做好记录也是优秀会议主持人的一个特点.4.Learn to listen。
So many times we think about what we are going to say and, in the process, block out valid points that other group members may be contributing. Additionally, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than really listening to other people。
2016年中石油职称英语真题及答案

2016年中石油职称英语测试真题及参考答案分析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西)secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的feelawkward 为难;作难;犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC. beginD.discontinue 【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
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模拟试题五I. Vocabulary Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this pari. For each sentence there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.1.He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his _____ .A. wordB. wordsC. permissionD. saying2.After second thought, she ____ a better solution.A. came up withB. added up toC. put up withD. made up for3.The club has ______ a new rule allowing women to join.A. brought forthB. associated withC. turned overD. laid down4.The performance will begin ____ at eight thirty.A. preciselyB. consequentlyC. accordinglyD. exceedingly5.His joke went too far. It was more than I could ________ .A. get rid ofB. put up withC. keep up withD. do away with6.At the gathering, he talked_____ about the matter, dampening everyones spirits.A. in detailB. with easeC. on endD. in a confusing way7.1 wish my son would stop ______ a nd do something realistic.A. hanging aboutB. hanging onC. hanging upD. hanging off8.We all can’t ____ why she married a man like this.A. reason outB. figure outC. make believeD. take in9.John wants to dispose ____ his old car and buy a new one.A. onB. inC. ofD. to10.Ted agreed to ____ the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. call offD. call onSection BDirections: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.11.Most high school students look up to the star player on the football team.A. envyB. respectC. trustD. pursue12.Mr. Jackson is considered a man of moderate view.A. modemB. stemC. reasonableD. predictable13.What guarantee do we have of this product's qualityA. possibilityB. knowledgeC. indicationD. assurance14.We thought Jane’s performance was particularly good.A. especiallyB. unbelievableC. necessarilyD. unexpectedly15.Everyone knows that the couple were reluctant to have their daughter marry Mr. Townsend.A. eagerB. pleasedC. unwillingD. disappointed16.Any theories must be modified to suit the facts, and not vice-versa.A. validatedB. betteredC. alteredD. fortified17.A red ruby laser will discharge a beam of coherent red light.A. containB. reflectC. change intoD. emit18.The 1906, San Francisco Earthquake, proved to be very fatal.A. shabbyB. messyC. disastrousD. constructive19.Few boxers have been as outstanding as the present heavyweight champion.A. powerfulB. handsomeC. excellentD. talkative20.The men are negotiating over the sale of the diamonds.A. arguingB. fightingC. thinkingD. bargainingII. Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21.___ nothing more to discuss, the secretary-general got to his feet, said goodbye and left theroom.A. There wasB. BeingC. There beingD. As there being22. ___ the size and nature of a business, its main goal is to earn a profit.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WhereasD. Because23.What’s the matter I smell something ______ .A.bumB. bumsC. being burnedD. burning24.The car ____ seventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.A. goesB. will goC. wentD. will be going25. I would rather ___ out to look for a job instead of moping around here everyday.A. to goB. goingC. wentD. go26.___ is still a controversial issue.A.If he is the right person for the jobB.That he is the right person for the jobC.Whether he is the right person for the jobD.He is the right person for the job27.Tom ___ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.A. ought not have receivedB. shouldn’t have receivedC. has been receivedD. couldn't have received28.You'll soon get used to _____ a large breakfast in England.A. eatB. it that you eatC. eatingD. you eat29.1left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave30.“How many from your class went abroad” “ ______ but one”.A. AnyB. SomeC. AllD. MostSection BDirections: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B,C,and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.31.Faced with petroleum shortages in the 1970's, scientists and engineers in the United StatesAstepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems and better insulation.B C D32.It is a phenomenon known as temperature inversion what causes the worst smog in placesA B Csuch as Los Angles.D33.Of all the software the consultants have looked at, the more powerful one is also the mostA BCDaccessible.34.The latest series of articles on trends and innovations have been praised by the readers.A BCD35.After the presentation of the developed specially program, the audience reacted positively andA B Cendorsed it immediately.D36.The inspector admitted to offer an estimate for the damage free of charge.A B C D37.New shopping mall is being planned for the residential area where new homes are being builtA B Cat a rapid rate.D38.The opinion holding by most investors is to buy now.A B CD39.Whether we make the trip or not, it will be advisable for us to be renewing our passportsA B Cas soon as possible in order to avoid any complications.D40.The only thing what really matters to the children is how soon they can return to theirA B Caunt and uncle’s farm.DIII. Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 41 the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent style fits own. No one knows exactly when jazz was 42 , or by whom. But it began to be heard in the early 1900s.Jazz isAmericans contribution to 43 music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formalEuropean traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, 44 themoods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America, and45 it does today. The origins of this music are as interesting as the music 46 .American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers .They were brought toSouthern States 47 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died his friend and relatives 48 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the procession .On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 49 on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their relations ,but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, improvising (即兴表演) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes 50 at the funeral. This music made everyone want to once. It was an early form of jazz.41. A. By B. At C. In D. On42. A. discovered B. acted C. invented D. designed43. A. classical B. sacred C. popular D. light44. A. expressing B. explaining C. exposing D. illustrating45. A. as B. so C. either D. neither46. A. concerned B .itself C. available D. oneself47. A. for B. as C. with D. by48. A. demonstrated B. composed C. hosted D. formed49. A. Even B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. But50. A. whistled B. sung c. presented D. showedIV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. Tothem, however, the dispute between the' colonists and England was peripheral. For AmericanIndians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, theleader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson,Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king,George Ili. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands andretreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokeenation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made "Beloved Woman" of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women's council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported thePatriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.51. What is the main point the author makes in the passageA. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B. At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.52. The word "it" in line 4 refers to ~A. sideB. revolutionC. disputeD. independence53. How did Ward gain her position of authorityA. By bravery in battle.B. By marriage to a chief.C. By joining the confederacy.D. By being bom into a powerful family.54. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in commonA. Each was called "Beloved Woman" by her tribe.B. Each influenced her tribe's role in the American Revolution.C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D. Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:More people than ever are drinking coffee these days--but in smaller quantities than theyused to. Some manufacturers of coffee makers are trying to take advantage of this trend bydeveloping diminutive machines that brew smaller amounts of coffee. Two US appliancecompanies-Black & Decker, based in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of Columbia,Missouri-have recently introduced "drip" coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings of coffee.Both of the products brew the coffee directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a separate carafe. Since many people make a pot of coffee in the morning but drink only a single cup, the new coffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee. Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time costs $27, while Toastmaster's Coffee Break Retails for $20. Black & Decker also makes a coffee maker that drips coffee directly into a carry-around thermal carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed to keep the coffee fresh for hours. The product, called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes with abuilt-in lid that opens during the brewing process and close when it is completed. There are several models, including one that firs under the counter, ranging from $60 to $110 in price.55. The main purpose of the text is toA. introduce a new trend of drinking coffeeB. introduce new coffee makersC. introduce two U.S. appliance companiesD. introduce the new coffee industry56. The advantage of "drip" coffee makers shown in the text is thatA. they are much more economicB. they can produce only one cupC. they are more convenient and easier to operateD. they are more economical57. According to the passage, a thermal carafe is necessary when the coffee isA. preservedB. producedC. manufacturedD. brewed58. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passageA. People used to drink coffee in larger quantities.B. It is essential to attach a separate carafe, while "drip" coffee makers are applied.C. People used to make a pot of coffee in the morning and drink it up.D. The new coffee makers usually cost less than before.Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (1758- 1843). Born near Hartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law. But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the first books of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in this form about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little book have great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turning its author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary, and this was followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smaller writings he had one purpose: to show that the English language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote," It is not only important, but in a degree necessary, that the people of this 'country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England...some differences exist .... No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country." By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts, nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.59. Webster first tried to earn his living in the field ofA. educationB. journalismC. lawD. medicine60. Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a __A. teacherB. studentC. lawyerD. doctor61. This article could be entitledA. Noah Webster and American English SpellingB. Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English LanguageC. Noah WebsterD. Noah Webster and American English Grammar62. According to the article, Webster __A. had created American English and its usagesB. had discovered American English and improved itC. had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD. had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:The oldest and simplest method, then of describing differences in personality was to classify people according to types, and such a system is called a Typology. A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B. C. A physician named Hippocrates theorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a harmonious personality. If a person had too much blood, he was called sanguine (血红色), or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bilewas choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, or depressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, or slow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates' fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these temperaments, have survived and are still useful, to some extent, in describing personality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physics, have also been used to classify personality. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors such as heredity (遗传特征), the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology, and sociology are involved in these theories. Because of the complexity of human personality, present day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideas about what is most important in determining personality.63. According to Hippocrates' fluid theory, a man with too much phlegm will be __A. optimisticB. easily angeredC. unexcitableD. pessimistic64. The main idea of this passage is about __A. the complicated factors in determining one's personalityB. Hippocrates' fluid theory and its developmentC. the past and today of personality classifications and theoriesD. different personalities and their details65. At present, psychologists __A. have common opinion about personality theories and classificationsB. use biology, archaeology and sociology to study personality theoriesC. have abandoned Hippocrates' fluid theory entirelyD. all agree that human beings are characterized with complex personalities66. According to this passage the factors which are still NOT used to classify personality areA. one's born features and needs of love and successB. one's height and weightC. one's hobbies and idealsD. the environment and intelligenceSection BDirections: You should answer Questions 67-75 which are based on the following passages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.Talking PointLearning a second language fuels children’s intell igence and makes their job prospects brighter. But the fact is, in New Zealand, as in many other English-speaking countries, speakers of two or more languages are in the minority. Eighty-four per cent of New Zealanders are monolingual (speakers of only one language). This leaves a small number who claim to speak two or more languages - a small percentage of whom were born in New Zealand.No matter how proud people arc of their cultural roots, to speak anything other than English is a marker of difference here. That’s why eight-year-old Tiffany Dvorak no longer wishes to speak her mother-tongue, German, and eight-year-old Ani Powell is embarrassed when people comment on the fact that she is able to speak Maori (新西兰毛利人的毛利语>.A s Joanne Powell, Ani’s mother, points out: “In Europe, it’s not unusual for kids to be bilingual. But, if you speak another language to your children in New Zealand, there are some people who think that you are not helping them to become a member of society.”But in fact, the general agreement among experts is that learning a second language is good for children. Experts believe that bilinguals - people who speak two languages - have a clear learning advantage over their monolingual schoolmates. This depends on how much of each language they can speak, not on which language is used, so it doesn’t matter whether they arc learning Maori or German or Chinese or any other language.Cathie Elder, a professor of Language Teaching and Learning at Auckland University, says: “A lot of studies have shown that children who speak more than one language sometimes learn one language more slowly, but in the end they do as well as their monolingual schoolmates, and often better, in other subjects. The view is that there is an improvement in general intelligence from the effort of learning another language.”Dr Brigitte Halford, a professor of linguistics at Freiburg University in Germany, ag rees. “Bilinguals lend to use language better as a whole,” she says. “They also display greater creativity and problem-solving ability, and they learn further languages more easily.”So with all of the benefits, why do we not show more enthusiasm for learning other languages Parents and teachers involved in bilingual education say pressure from friends at school, general attitudes to otherlanguages in English-speaking countries, and problems in the school system arc to blame.In New Zealand, immigrants face the possibility of culture being lost along with the language their children no longer wish to speak. Tiffany’s mother, Susanne Dvorak, has experienced this. When she and husband Dieter left Germany six years ago to start up a new life in New Zealand, they thought it would be the perfect opportunity to raise their two-year-old as a bilingual. After all, bilingual Turkish families in Germany were normal and Susanne had read all the books she could find on the subject.The idea was to have home as a German language environment and for Tiffany to learn English at nursery school. But when Tiffany went to nursery school she stopped talking completely. She was quiet for about two or three months. Then, when she took up talking again, it was only in English. Concerned for her language development, Dieter started speaking English to his daughter while Susanne continued in German.Today, when Susanne speaks to her daughter in German, she still answers in English. “Or sometimes she speaks half and half. I checked with her teacher and she very seldom mixes up German and English at school. She speaks English like a New Zealander. It’s her German that’s behind,” says Susanne.Professor Halford, also a mother of two bilingual children, says, “It’s normal for kids to refus e to speak their home language at the stage when they start to socialise with other kids in kindergarten or school”. But, she says, this depends a lot on the attitudes of the societies in question. In monolingual societies, like New Zealand, “kids want to be like all the others and sometimes use bilingualism as one of the battlefields for finding their own identity in contrast to that of their parents.”She supports Susanne’s approach of not pressuring her daughter. “"Never force the child to use a specific language, just keep using it yourself. The child will accept that. There is often a time when children or teenagers will need to establish their own identity as different from their schoolmates and they may use their other language to do so.”Cathie Elder thinks immigrant parents should only speak English to their children if they are able to use English well themselves. “What parents should do is provide rich language experiences for their children in whatever language they speak well. They may feel like outsiders and want to speak the local language, but it is more important for the child's language development to provide a lot of language experience in any language.”There can be differences between children in attitudes to learning languages. Susanne Dv orak’s two-year-old son, Danyon, is already showing signs of speaking German and English equally well. While her “ideal” scenario hasn’t happened with Tiffany, she is aware that her daughter has a certain bilingual ability which, although mainly passive at this stage, may develop later on.Joanne Powell feels the same way about her daughter, Ani. “At the moment she may not want to speak Maori but that’s okay because she’ll pick it up again in her own time. It’s more important that she has the ability to understand who she is. By learning another language she can open the door to another culture.”Donna Chan, 25,a marketing specialist for IBM, arrived here with her parents from Hong Kong when she was four. She also remembers refusing to speak Chinese when she started primary school. But now she appreciates she had the chance to be bilingual. “It’s quite beneficial speaking another language in my job. Last year, my company sent me to a trade fair in Hong Kong because I could speak Chinese. Being bilingual definitely opens d o o r s,” she says.Questions 67-69Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in this passage For questions 67-69, chooseA.if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)B.if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)C.if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (NOT GIVEN)67.Most New Zealanders believe it is good to teach children a second language.68.Chinese is the most common foreign language in New Zealand.69.Some languages develop your intelligence more than others. .Questions 70-74Look at the following statements (Questions 70-74) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person, A-E.Choose the correct letter, A-E, for questions 70-74 and mark your answer on the answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.70.Children learning two languages may learn one language faster.71.It has been unexpectedly difficult to raise a bilingual child in New Zealand.72.Children’s attitudes to language depend on general soc ial attitudes.73.Learning a second language provides opportunities to learn another culture.74.Speaking a second language provides work opportunities.Question 75Choose TWO letters, A-F.Choose the correct letters for question 75 and mark your answer on the answer sheet. 75. Which TWO people stopped speaking one language as a childA.Donna ChanB.Susanne DvorakC.Tiffany DvorakD.Cathie ElderE.Brigitte HalfordF.Joanne PowellG.。