英美文化知识问
初中英语英美文化中英美文化常识素材
About American1.What is the full name of America?The United States of America2 How many states are there in the United States?Fifty states3 What is the capital of the USAWashington D.C.4 Where is the Stature of Liberty?In New York5 Where does the American president live ?In the white houseAbout Britain1 What does UK stand for ?The United Kingdom2 What us the full name of the UK?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK?England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.4In which continent is the UK situated?In Europe.5 By which channel is the UK separatedThe English ChannelAbout China1.How many ethnic groups are there in China?562.In which continent is China locatedIn Asia3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass4. What is the largest island in China?Taiwan Island5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?On October 1st,19496. How many stars are there on the national flag of China?Five7 .Name three neighboring countries of China(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) Japan, Vietnam, Russia, Cambodia, Laos, etc) three well -known scenic spots in Beijing(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) The Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace, Tian’anmen Square, etc.9 .Why do the Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn FestivalThey celebrate the it to honor the great poet Qu Yuan10. what do Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn Festival.Moon cakes.11.What is the most important traditional festival in China?The spring Festival12. what do the Chinese do on New Year’s Eve?Family members get together and have a big dinner.13. what do people eat on the Lantern Festival?Rice dumplings14. What animal is called “The National Treasure of China”?The panda.。
英美文化的一些知识
1. British personalities(P6)（星）The best-known quality of the British , and in particular of the English, is “reserve”. A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers , does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited.Closely related to English reserve is English modesty, within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. The famous English sense of humor is similar. Its starting point is self deprecation, and its great enemy is conceit. Its ideal is the ability to laugh at oneself—at one’s own faults, one’s own failures and embarrassments, even at one’s own ideals. Finally, sportsmanship . Like a sense of humor, this is an English ideal which not all Englishmen live up to. It must be realized that sport in its modern form is almost entirely a British invention.(152)2. Importance of Elizabeth Era in politics,military,internationalrelations and culture（月）Elizabeth Era is a British golden age. In government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and siblings. She followed a motto “I see, and say nothing” ,which saved her from political misalliances.Elizabeth restored the status of the episcopal church. And in the first two years she released the supreme law and a single laws, regulatingthe king is the supreme leader of church. Besides , she was cautious in foreign affairs and only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective, poorly resourced military campaigns. In military, She organized England pirates to raid The Spanish fleet that filled with Gold and silver jewelries constantly, which helps the British repayment of the debt. Later, Elizabeth defeated the Spanish armada, which is popularly viewed as one of the greatest victories in English history. In culture, famous above all is the flourishing of English drama that led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe.(153)3. The establishment of constitutional mornarchy(P39)（月）As early as in 1215, the king John was forced to sign The Magna Carta, requiring that the king should respect the regulation and power of the nobles and church , ensure the liberty and property rights of the public and the king’s power in levy tax is l imited. This is the earliest origin of the constitutional monarchy, also is the beginning of the constitution.After The Glorious Revolution in 1689, the British parliament passed the Bill of Rights a year later. It included: without parliament’s permissio n , the king can’t publish laws or stop the implementation of law, shall not collecte or control taxes, and shall not recruit oraintain regular army. Besides, subjects have the right to petition the king. Parliament ,which members from people's free elections, should be held regularly and so on.A constitutional monarchy system of government That theparliament in supreme power and court is independent, subjects’ rights and freedoms from infringement was established.(160)4. The role of the monarch(P41)（月）The british monarch can be seen as having two roles: head of state, and “head of the station”.As Head of State, The queen undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. There are inward duties, parliament must be opened, orders in council have to be approved, acts of Parliament must be signed, and meeting with the prime minister must be held. There are out ward duties, such as the queen represents Britain to the rest of the world.As 'Head o f Nation'. The Monarch’s role is less formal, but no less important for the social and cultural functions it fulfils. These include: proving a focus for national identity, unity and pride; giving a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognising success and excellence; and supporting service to others.The queen also has an essential role in providing a sense of stability and continuity in times of political and social change.(157)5. Checks and balance（梅）“C hecks and balance” is a federal system of gowernment seted up by the constitution to divide powers between the national,state and governments.The American government is divided into three branches: legislative(立法), executive（行政）, and judicial（司法）. These three branches are not independent. Each branch has powers that it can use to check and balance the operations and power of the other two branches.Each branch serves a different purpose and presides over（负责）several different entities（实体）.The legislative branch has the powers to make the laws ,which oversees（监督）the house of representatives（众议院）and the senate（参议院）.The executive branch is given the power to carry out the laws and consists of the president,the cabinet（内阁）,and the federal departments and stly,the judicial branch is given the power to interpret the laws.It presides over the supreme courts and the other federal courts.But each of these three br anches’ power is restricted by other two btanches.(145)6. The election of American presidents(P54)（星）The President are elected every four years. They must be at least 35 years of age, benative-born citizens of the United States, and have been residents of the U.S. for at least 14 years.The national presidential election actually consists of a separate election in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia; in these51 elections, the voters vote for "electors" pledged to one of thetickets. These electors make up the "Electoral College."Each state has the same number of electors as it has senators and representatives。
英美文化小常识
英美文化小常识01、英美姓名常识姓名是社会成员的符号或标记。
英美人的姓名是名在前，姓在后，过去人们在翻译外国人姓名时，为了迁就中国人的习惯，有时候把英美人的姓名也写成姓在前，名在后。
如，Bernard Shaw，译成“肖·伯纳”实则是没有必要，现在多译成“伯纳·肖”，这就比较符合英美人的表达习惯。
02、英美礼仪美国人请客：美国人喜欢在家里款待客人（guest）而不是在餐馆（restaurant）里。
美国人想请客吃饭，一般要事先与客人协商好，安排好时间（when）和地点（where）。
美国人在家里请客多半不拘礼节，一般采用家庭式，即一盘盘的食品一个人一个人地递过来，或者由坐在餐桌两端的主人（host）或女主人（hostess）给客人端上饭菜，全家大小和客人一起吃，一般是妻子（wife）做菜（dish），丈夫调鸡尾酒（cocktail）。
如果因宗教或其他原因，有些饭菜不能吃，客人可将其留在盘子里，或事先对主人说明哪些东西不能吃。
03、英美人“手势语”种种在人类的语言交流中，手语是必不可少的手段之一，作为“无声语言”的手语，其表意比重约为百分之21，因此，请正确运用手语。
（1）在美国，如你站在公路边跷起大拇指，则表示要求搭车。
（2）如在交谈中两手摊开，一耸肩，伴有一声“嗯呵”，则表示无可奈何的意思。
（3）中国人在对外交往中，最容易让人反感的动作之一就是说话不经意地用食指指着对方，其实，这个动作一来不雅观，二来对欧美国家的人来说相当不礼貌。
原来这是一种非礼貌的责骂，数落别人的动作。
(4)用大拇指和食指围成一个圆圈，这个手势早已家喻户晓，它的意思是OK好的，而竖起食指和中指形成个“V”字形，意思则是“胜利”（victory）。
(5) 用手伸向被唤者，手心向上，握拳并伸出食指前后摇动，表示叫对方过来。
（6）把左掌心放在胸前，身体略前倾，表示真诚。
04、西方人交往“七不问”（1）年龄：西方人大都把希望自己在对方眼中显得年轻，对自己的实际年龄讳莫如深，妇女更是如此，她们过了24后就再也不会告诉他人自己的年龄了。
英美文化概况名词解释问答题
英美文化概况问答题以及答案：1.What are the some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? Can political reform in China borrow anything from that? 美国政府三大部门的一些主要权利是什么？三大部门之间如何制约和平衡？中国的政治改革能否从中借鉴什么？A．What are the some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government?The three branches—the Legislative, the Executive, headed by the president. And the Judicial, headed by the Supreme Court.The Legislative, including both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House of Representative) 。
The legislative branch(立法机构）is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes and declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.The Executive, headed by the president. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur, including members of the Supreme Court. All such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the Senate. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments. He is the commander in chief of the armed forces. The judicial branch(司法机构) is headed by the Supreme Court with a chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states.The Supreme Court has the judicial review power.B．How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? System of “checks and balances (制约与平衡的原则)”of the three-part national government works to keep serious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.C．Can political reform in China borrow anything from that?China does not make the separation, but can absorb the reasonable factors. The people's congress system is a basic system suitable to China's national conditions. It directly reflects that people's democratic dictatorship is national nature in our country, reflected the whole picture of our political life and is the basic forms and means for the people to be the masters of democratic rights.(中国不搞三权分立，但可以吸收其合理的因素。
英美文化知识小点
9。The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.
格兰德河是美国和墨西哥之间的开然界河（本细节考选择和简答可能性大）
10。the most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior,which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S.,Lake Huron,Lake Eire and Lake Ontario.They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.
3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.
所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。
影响美国气候的最主要的因素为：太平洋，和大西泮，墨西哥湾，五大湖。
13。Traditionally from the east to the west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions.美国从东到西可分为七个地理区。
2019秋七年级英语上册英美文化中英美文化常识素材(新版)人教新目标版
中英美文化常识About American1.What is the full name of America?The United States of America2 How many states are there in the United States?Fifty states3 What is the capital of the USAWashington D.C.4 Where is the Stature of Liberty?In New York5 Where does the American president live ?In the white houseAbout Britain1 What does UK stand for ?The United Kingdom2 What us the full name of the UK?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK?England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.4In which continent is the UK situated?In Europe.5 By which channel is the UK separatedThe English ChannelAbout China1.How many ethnic groups are there in China?562.In which continent is China locatedIn Asia3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China?Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass4. What is the largest island in China?Taiwan Island5. When was the people’s Repub lic of China founded?On October 1,19496. How many stars are there on the national flag of China?Five7 .Name three neighboring countries of China(Theanswervaries.Itcouldbeanythreeofthem)Japan,Vietnam,Russia,Cambodia,La os, etc) three well -known scenic spots in Beijing(Theanswervaries.Itcouldbeanythreeofthem)TheGreatWall,theSummerPalace,the Imperial Palace, Tian’anmen Square, etc.9 .Why do the Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn FestivalThey celebrate the it to honor the great poet Qu Yuan10. what do Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn Festival. Moon cakes.11.What is the most important traditional festival in China?The spring Festival12. what do the Chinese do on New Year’s Eve?Family members get together and have a big dinner.13. what do people eat on the Lantern Festival?Rice dumplings14. What animal is called “The National Treasure of China”?The panda.st。
初中英语 英美文化 中英美文化常识素材
About American1.What is the full name of America?The United States of America2 How many states are there in the United States?Fifty states3 What is the capital of the USAWashington D.C.4 Where is the Stature of Liberty?In New York5 Where does the American president live ?In the white houseAbout Britain1 What does UK stand for ?The United Kingdom2 What us the full name of the UK?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK?England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.4In which continent is the UK situated?In Europe.5 By which channel is the UK separatedThe English ChannelAbout China1.How many ethnic groups are there in China?562.In which continent is China locatedIn Asia3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass4. What is the largest island in China?Taiwan Island5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?On October 1st,19496. How many stars are there on the national flag of China?Five7 .Name three neighboring countries of China(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) Japan, Vietnam, Russia, Cambodia, Laos, etc) three well -known scenic spots in Beijing(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) The Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace, Tian’anmen Square, etc.9 .Why do the Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn FestivalThey celebrate the it to honor the great poet Qu Yuan10. what do Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn Festival.Moon cakes.11.What is the most important traditional festival in China?The spring Festival12. what do the Chinese do on New Year’s Eve?Family members get together and have a big dinner.13. what do people eat on the Lantern Festival?Rice dumplings14. What animal is called “The National Treasure of China”?The panda.。
99%的中国人会长期误解的英美文化知识
99% 的中国人会长期误解的英美文化知识乱七八糟的都讲一点，是真正的杂谈，资料来源主要是英美人的宪法法律法规历史教材等等，为了阅读方便，前面不注明出处，最后会一一列出。
很多错误，历史来源已久，一般是翻译错误，尤其是因为翻译者的参考文献渠道不足。
我能在这里纠正，主要是因为今天的电子资讯手段足够发达。
1. 美国的50 个“州”，应该翻译为50“国”，“美利坚合众国”应该翻译为“美利坚联合国”。
这问题很复杂，后面慢慢谈。
2. 美利坚联合国是没有规定官方语言的。
其他各国（州），有的有规定，有的没有。
英语只是事实上的通用语，因为使用的人最多；西班牙语是英语之后的第二大共同语，占全国人口12%，因为美国这片土地的最早征服者是西班牙人；第三大共同语，是广东话，不是中国普通话，主要是移民文化决定的。
在美国法庭认证的口译服务中，有广东话(Cantonese)、福建/闽南话(Fukienese)、台山话(Toisanese)、客家话(Hakkanese)、上海话(Shanghainese)，等等。
目前为止，官方中文版以繁体字居多。
美国最早的建国业绩，应该从西班牙人开始算起，虽然当时他们对美洲本地人作恶多端。
3. NBA 中的费城76人队(Philadelphia 76ers)，不是指76 个队员，应该叫美国1776 年人队，或者叫76 年人队。
球队的英文名为Philadelphia 76ers。
这只球队的组建，是为了纪念1776 年《独立宣言》在费城的签署，在英文中spirit of seventy-six 就是指1776 年的独立宣言精神，有一部电影就叫The Spirit of '76，也是指这段历史。
英文的拼法，一般美国人是不会理解错误的，中文翻译为76 人，显然不恰当。
4. 其次谈谈美国的爱尔兰人。
英格兰、苏格兰、爱尔兰在历史上都曾经是彼此独立的国家。
跟中国不同，他们之间始终没有被彻底征服和消灭，其中奥妙就是里通外国，苏格兰和爱尔兰都打不过英格兰，不想被吞并，苏格兰请法国人帮忙，爱尔兰请西班牙人帮忙。
英美文化知识70问
B
7.___ was the first man who sailed around the earth.
A. John Cabot C. Balboa
B. Magellan D. Cartier
B
8.The American War of Independence started in ____ and ended in _____. A.1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 1714
The English and American Culture Contest
In this game,there are seven subjects,geography,history,literature and so on.Each subject has 10 questions.You can choose to answer which subject first. The one who put his hands up first has the chance to answer the questions,but remember that you can only put your hands up after the hostress finishes reading the question, otherwise you lose that chance. Each question should be answered in 30S,otherwise go to the next one. 100 points for each correct answer,but -100 points for each incorrect one.
结合自己日常教学简单梳理一下关于英美文化知识方面的问题与困惑
先结合自己日常教学简单梳理一下关于英美文化知识方面的问题与困惑。
英美语言差异尽管英美两个国家都是讲英语的，但是美国英语和英国英语是不相同的。
英国人与美国人虽然说的都叫英语，但这两种英语的差异还是很大的，学英语的人都知道，英语中有英式发音和美式发音两种。
英国人的英语，相对而言，发音比较清楚，连读的部分较少，一般听起来相对比较字正腔圆;而美国人说英语，则秉持这能省则省，能连就连的原则，因此，对于把英语作为第二语言的人来说，听英国人的发音相比较下会舒服得多，而如果要习惯美音，恐怕只有在美国生活过的人才真正做到了。
另外，两国在字词上的用法也有很多的不同人文环境的不同。
人文环境的不同是导致两国文化差异的主要原因。
英国是一个有着悠久的历史传承的欧洲传统国家。
其社会长期存在等级差别，一直有君主存在。
所以，英国人喜欢怀旧，保守，具有绅士风度，等等。
这些方面是需要历史的沉淀和积累的，常若没有历史的沉淀和积累是不可能实现的。
而美国恰恰是一个没有很深厚的历史积淀的年轻国家。
所以，美国人勇于创新，强调个人价值。
因为没有很多的传统的东西去给他们怀念和继承，需要他们去开拓。
从另一方面讲，也没有很多的束缚，他们可以放开手脚大胆创新。
另外，两个国家的人口组成也有区别。
美国是移民国家，来自世界上所有国家和地区的人都在美国。
所以，美国的文化呈现出多面性的特点。
所以，美国文化的接纳性也很强，包容性很强，可以接受和吸取一切文化因子。
对外来文化呈现出的是一种开放的态度。
这种文化影响到美国人身上，就是美国人十分热情，开朗，善于接受不同的人和事。
但是，英国的人口结构相较于美国而言，显得单一很多。
所以，英国不太容易接受外来的文化。
反映到英国人性格上便是比较内敛和含蓄。
英美文化知识50问
Each question should be answered in 10S,otherwise go to the next one.
1or 2 points for each correct answer, but 1or -2 points for each incorrect one.
11、Which is the American expression? A、I have a car. B 、I have got a car.
12、 when an Englishman shake his fist means ( )
A、 angry B 、threat C、 goodbye D、 no problem
4. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.
A .jumping up the queue B. asking a woman her age C. bargaining while shopping D. laughing at one’s own faults
18. London is situated on the River of _____.
A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey
19.Big Ben, the most famous landmark in London， its name comes from _____
A. The person who built it
35.南瓜灯（Jack-o-lanterns）是庆 祝那个节日的标志物？
答案：万圣节（Hallowmas） 11月1日
英美文化知识
5 the New Deal(罗斯福新政)
It was put forward by American President Roosevelt who wanted to do something to deal with the Great Depression at that time. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up some efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped “save American democracy” and overcome the most serious economic crisis of the capitalist system at that time.
Halloween(万圣节前夕），原为欧洲凯尔特人于凯尔特年最后一天10月31日庆祝新年，欢迎死者幽灵归来的节日，后逐渐与基督教的万圣节前夕（ALL HALLOWS'EVE)一起庆祝。苏格兰和爱尔兰移民将此庆祝习惯带给美国。
感恩节（Thanksgiving Day），美国和加拿大节日，由美国首创的，原意是为了感谢印第安人，后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。感恩节是在每年11月的第四个星期四，在这一天起将休假两天，都要和自己的家人团聚，不管多忙（有些特殊岗位除外）都是如此。感恩节在每年11月22－28日之间，感恩节是美国国定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，加拿大的感恩节则起始于1879年，是在每年10月第二个星期一，与美国的哥伦布日相同。
基本英美文化常识20个
英美文化知识素养答题题库1 单项选择题：美国由___________个州组成。
A. 48B. 49C. 50D. 51答案 C2 单项选择题：人有绰号，城市有绰号，有趣的是，有的国家也有绰号，如美国的绰号是_____，英国的绰号是_____A Aunt Sam, Uncle JohnB New Continent, Great BritainC Washington, ElizabethD Uncle Sam, John Bull答案D3 单项选择题：在英美国家，人们通常将“体力劳动者”称为_____workers ，把“脑力劳动者”称为_____workers，而把“服务、维修等行业的人们”称为_____workers。
A blue, green, whiteB blue, white, grey.C black, blue, greenD white, blue, black答案 B4 单项选择题：在美国土生土长的传统节日是_____________。
A. 复活节B. 感恩节C. 圣诞节D. 中秋节答案 B5 单项选择题：有这样一则笑话：有一次一个外宾对翻译说：“I wonder if I can go somewhere?”翻译回答道“Yes, you can go anywhere in China.”外宾不禁愕然。
你知道这位翻译的问题出在哪里了吗？A 外宾的意思是他想马上离开。
B 外宾的意思是他要上厕所。
C外宾的意思是他想随便走走。
D外宾的意思是想休息一下。
答案 B6 单项选择题：当你给一位英国朋友写信时，你若在写完信之后突然想起来还要补充点什么，此时你通常在补充的内容前加上_____这两个字母。
A P,SB OTC C,D D B,C答案 A7 单项选择题：中国人喜欢说“自己动手，丰衣足食”，英美人也有类似的喜好，他们称之为______。
A. PPUB. DUTC. DIYD. MOP答案 C8 单项选择题：an apple of love 的意思是___________？A. 苹果B. 爱情C. 西红柿D. 果实答案 C9 单项选择题：The girl is the apple of her mother’s eye.这句话的意思是“这个女孩是她妈妈的掌上明珠”这里的翻译成掌上明珠，千万不要把它当成水果吃了。
英美文化背景知识（1）
Education in Britain and the USIn Britain all children have to go to school between the ages of 5 and 16. In the US children must go to school from the age of 6 to between the ages of 14 and 16, depending on the state they live in.Subject In England and Wales the subjects taught in schools are laid down by the National Curriculum(课程), which was introduced in 1988 and sets out(制定) in detail the subjects that children should study and the levels of achievement they should reach by the ages of 7, 11, 14 and 16, when they are tested.The National Curriculum does not apply in Scotland, where each school decides what subjects it will teach. In the US the subjects taught are decided by national and local governments. Whereas British schools usually have prayers(祈祷) and religious(宗教的) instruction, American schools are not allowed to include prayers or to teach particular religious beliefs(信仰).Examinations At 16 students in England and Wales take GCSE examinations. These examinations are taken by students of all levels of ability in any of a range of subjects and may involve a final examination, an assessment(评价) of work done during the two year course, or both of these things. At 18 some students taken A-level examinations, usually in not more than 3 subjects. It is necessary to have A-levels in order to go to a university or polytechnic(综合技术⼤学).In Scotland students take the SCE examinations. A year later, they can take examinations called HIGHS, after which they can either go straight to a university or spend a further year at school and take the Certificate(证书) of Sixth Year Studies. In Scotland the university system is different to that in England and Wales. Courses usually last four years rather than three and students study a larger number of subjects as part of their degree.In the US school examinations are not as important as they are in Britain. Students in High Schools do have exams at the end of their last two years, but these final exams are considered along with the work that the students have done during the school years. Social Events and Ceremonies(仪式) In American high schools there is a formal ceremony for Graduation (=completion of high school). Students wear a special cap and gown and receive a diploma(⽂凭) from the head of the school. Students often buy a class ring to ear, and a yearbook, containing pictures of their friends and teachers. There are also special social events at American schools.Sports events are popular, and cheer leaders lead the school in supporting the school team and singing the school song. At the end of their junior year, at age 17 or 18, students held in the evening. The girls wear long evening dresses and the boys wear TUXEDOS. In Britain, there are no formal dances or social occasions(场合) associated(和...有关) with school life. Some schools have SPEECH DAY at the end of the school year when prizes are given to the best students and speeches are made by the head teacher and sometimes an invited guest. However, in many British schools students and teachers organize(组织) informal dances for the older students.Government in Britain and the USGovernment in Britain National government The center of government in Britain is PARLIAMENT(国会), which makes all the important laws for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation(犯罪), etc.Parliament is made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the monarch(贵族). The Houses of Parliament are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster” itself is used to mean Parliament. The House of commons (or the Commons) is the lower but more powerful of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called Members of Parliament or MPs, each representing people in a particular area or constituency. The House of Lords (the Lords) is the higher but less powerful of the two Houses. It has over 1,000 members, none of whom is elected. These members include: people who have titles like Lord or Viscount(⼦爵) which have been passed down to them on the death of their father (hereditary peers(世袭贵族)); people who are given titles as a reward for their long service in public life, but whose children do not INHERIT(继承) their title (life peers); and some important leaders of the Church of England (Archbishops(⼤主教) and Bishops(主教)).The government brings BILL (=suggested laws) to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to the House of Lords to be discussed. The House of Lords can suggest changes to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it (=refuse permission for it to be passed). When bills come back to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if they are passed they are signed by the monarch and become Acts of Parliament At present England, Scotland, Wales, and N Ireland are all governed by Parliament in Westminster.In N Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons. In Scotland there is a lot of discussion about whether Scotland should have some separate or partly separate form of government. The same is true in Wales Local government Local government is Britain, also known as Councils, can make small laws (bylaws) which only apply in their area, but these are usually about small, local matters. For instance, they may be about fines that will be made for people who park in certain streets.Councils are paid for by local taxes and also by an amount of money given to them each year by the national government. Their main job is the organizing and providing of local services, e.g. hospitals, school, libraries, public transport, street-cleaning, etc. They are also responsible for setting the amount of local tax that people must pay and for collecting this tax. Local councils(议会) are elected by people within each town, city, or country area.The people who are elected, known as councilors, usually represent one of the national political parties, but are often elected because of their policies on local issues(问题) rather than the national policies of their party. Government in the US All levels of government in the US (federal(联邦), state, and local) are elected by the people of the country. Federal government The constitution of the US specifically limits the power of the federal (=national) government mainly to defence(国防), foreign affairs, printing money, controlling trade and relations between the states, and protecting human rights. The federal government is make up of the CONGRESS(国会), the President, and the Supreme Count(法院). Congress Congress, thecentral law-making body in the US, is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is the lower but more important of the two houses of Congress. It has 435 members, called Representatives or Congressmen/Congresswomen elected by their state. The member of Representative(代表) for each state depends on the size of the population of the state, with each state having at least one Representative. The Senate is the higher but less powerful of the two houses of Congress. It has 100 members, called Senators(参议院), elected by their state. Each state has two Senators. Congress decides whether a BILL (suggested law) becomes law. If the Senate and the House of Representative both agree to a bill, the President is asked to agree. The President can veto(=say no to) the bill(议案), but Congress can still make it a law if 2/3 of the members of each house agree to it.state government has the greatest influence in people’s daily lives. Each state has its own written Constitution(宪法) (set of fixed law), and among the state there are sometimes great differences in law on matters such as property, crime, health, and education. The highest elected official of each state is the Governor. Each state also has one or two elected lawmaking bodies (state Legislature) whose members represent the various parts of the state.Local government concerns laws made at the town, city or county level. These laws are usually limited to a small area and concern such thing as traffic, where and when alcoholic drinks can be sold, or keeping animals. The highest elected official of a town or city Council. Every law at every level of government must be in agreement with(⼀致) the United States constitution. Any citizen who thinks he or she has not been given their rights under the law may argue their case through all the courts up to the Supreme Court (the final Court of Appeal in the US) if necessary, and any law which is found not in agreement with the constitution (unconstitutional) cannot be kept in force.。
英美知识问答剖析课件
英国文学
英国文学的发展历程
从古代到现代，英国文学经历了多个 阶段，每个阶段都有其独特的风格和 特点。
英国文学的重要流派
包括浪漫主义、维多利亚时代、现代 主义等，这些流派对世界文学产生了 深远的影响。
英国文学的代表人物
如莎士比亚、简·奥斯汀、狄更斯等 ，他们的作品被广泛阅读和传颂。
英国文学的主题和思想
英美文学的影响
英国文学对美国文学产生了深远的影响，而美国文学也对世界文学 产生了重要的影响。
04 英美教育体系
CHAPTER
英国教育体系
历史背景
英国教育体系源于中世纪教会学 校，经过数个世纪的演变和发展
，形成了当今的体系。
学制结构
英国教育体系分为四个阶段，分 别是幼儿教育、小学教育、中学 教育和高等教育，每个阶段都有
对国际关系的影响
英美文化在国际关系中发挥了重要的作用。由于英美文化的普及性和影响力，许多国家对 英美文化持有特殊的态度和情感。这种文化上的联系和认同感在一定程度上影响了国际关 系的走向和发展。
对社会变革的推动
英美文化对社会变革产生了积极的影响。例如，美国的民权运动和英国的平权运动等，都 是基于英美文化的价值观和理念而发起的社会变革运动。这些运动对推动社会进步和改变 社会观念产生了深远的影响。
05 英美社交礼仪
CHAPTER
英国社交礼仪
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03
04
英国社交礼仪概述
英国社交礼仪强调礼貌、规矩 和传统，通常遵循一定的规则
和习俗。
见面与告别
在英国，人们通常握手或鞠躬 表示欢迎，离开时也要握手或
鞠躬告别。
称呼与地位
英国人重视地位和身份，通常 使用对方的头衔和姓氏，以示
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1. Halloween is a _____.
A. summer festival B. night-time festival C. pilgrims’ holiday
在西方国家，每年的10月31日为“万圣节之夜”。 万圣节是西方国家的传统节日。节日之夜是一年中最 “闹鬼”的一夜，所以也叫“鬼节”。那时人们相信 ，故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻 生灵，借此再生，而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯 一希望。
The knowledge competition
Each question should be answered in 10S,otherwise go to the next one.
1or 2 points for each correct answer, but 1or -2 points for each incorrect one.
14.The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.
A. Appalachian B. Mckinley C. Rocky
15. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.
A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland
4. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.
A .jumping up the queue B. asking a woman her age C. bargaining while shopping D. laughing at one’s own faults
11、Which is the American expression? A、I have a car. B 、I have got a car.
12、 when an Englishman shake his fist means ( )
A、 angry B 、threat C、 goodbye D、 no problem
20.What is the ocean named after a country?
The Indian
21.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?
England, Scotland and Wales
13、 In England, to thumb one’s nose with other fingers open means
A 、agree with sb B、 praise sb
C 、love sb
D、 look down on sb
傻瓜(fool)：用拇指按住鼻尖摇动 其四指，或十指分开。也常常食指 对着太阳穴转动，同时吐出舌头， 则表示所谈到的人是个“痴 呆”“傻瓜”。
16. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.
A. Atlantic B. Indian C. Pacific
17. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.
A. blacks B. Indian C. Puerto Ricans
5.卡拉OK最早是起源于 哪个国家？
答案：日本
6. 根据已有字母组合单词 aiioonnmrtf
答案：information
7.table-tennis first started in
A Britain B China C France D America
乒乓球，是一种世界流行的球类体育项 目，也是中华人民共和国国球。乒乓球 运动是一项以技巧性为主，身体体能素 质为辅的技能型项目，起源于英国。 “乒乓球”一名起源于1900年，因其打 击时发出“ping pang”的声音而得名，
2. The general election in America is held every ____ years.
5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3
3. The national sport of America is _____.
A. basketball B. football C. tennis D. baseball
18. London is situated on the River of _____.
A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey
19.Big Ben, the most famous landmark in London， its name comes from _____
A. The person who built it
B. The fact that it is really very heavy
C. The name of the head of the British parliament
1859年，大钟由当时的英王工务大臣本杰明·霍 尔爵士监制。"大本"钟被视为伦敦的象征，凡到 伦敦观光的人，无不想到大本钟，站在桥上欣 赏伦敦这个独具一格的建筑。1834年整个威斯 敏斯特宫被大火所毁，目前的这座97米高的钟 楼是1837年维多利亚女王登基时建造的。大钟 造于1856年，以建造工程的第一名监督官本杰 明爵士的名字命名，叫"BIG BEN"(大本钟)。 1857年该钟出现裂痕，于1859年重新铸造。
8、Which is the English spelling?
A 、centre
B 、center
9、How do English people call “钞票”? A、 bill B、 note
10、How do American call”公寓”?(B) A、 flat B、apartment