介孔碳材料的合成和应用

Hard template method
Carbon precursors
Template
Dry
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้Carbonization
CMK
Removal
Hard template method
Templates and Products
Carbon material
Tempate
Symmetry & Characteristic of porous
The Synthesis of Well-ordered Mesoporous Carbon Materials
Group 16
Members：陈锐强 许邹明 郝常山 张兴 宋啸
Outline
Background & Introduction Hard & Soft Template Methods Summary and Outlook
Soft template method
This method is that self-assembly using soft templates through cocondensation (generate the nanostructures through self-assembly of organic molecules) and carbonization.
Our Interests
Background & Introduction
Hard template method
This method is that replication synthesis with presynthesized hard templates (involving organic or inorganic templates) through impregnation,carbonization,and template removal.
CMK-5
SBA-15
Hard template method
a) MCM-48. b) Carbon/MCM48 composite. c) CMK-1.
TEM view of CMK-1. Changes in powder XRD (MCM-48 as template) Patterns
Soft template method
To date
a).only hydrogen bonding interacti ons b).block copolymer templates
Summary and Outlook
Further research
Small amphiphilic template molecules, such as CTAB and Brij surfactants( filling the current gap in mesopore sizes from 2nm to 3nm). Other chemical interactions,such as Coulombic ( For future research in this area).
Self-assembly through surfactants Self-assemble through Block Copolymers
a.PS-P4VP/Resorcinol–Formaldehyde System
b.PEO-PPO-PEO/Resorcinol–Formaldehyde System c.PEO-PPO-PEO/Resol System d.PEO-PPO-PEO/Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin/Silica System
CMK-1 CMK-2
MCM-48 SBA-1
I41/a,3nm,1500~1800m2/g,0.9~ 1.2ml/g cubic
CMK-3
CMK-4
SBA-15
MCM-48
hexagonal 1~4.5nm,1500m2/g,1.3ml/g
Cubic Ia hexagonally ordered carbon nanopipes,1500~2200m2/g,1.5m l/g
Background & Introduction
Fundermental Concepts
The shapes of Mesoporous
The Defination of pores
Background & Introduction
Performances
Superior properties
a).Electric conductivity. b).Thermal conductivity. c).Chemical stability. d).Low density. e).Mechanical stability.
&
Application
High surface area
Background & Introduction
Methods
Thermosetting Catalyst-assited and unstable Activation precursors
aerogels or cryogels
Hard Soft Template Template
Limitations: •Broad pore-size distributions •Considerable microporosity
Thanks
Key for soft template
The stability of the pore-forming component that can sustain the temperature required for curing the carbon-yielding component but can be readily decomposed with the least carbon yield during carbonization. The ability of the carbon-yielding component to form a highly cross-linked polymeric material that can retain its nanostructure during the decomposition or the extraction of the pore-forming component.
TGA and dTG curves for PS· P4VP and PS· P4VP/resorcinol mixture
Characterization
SEM images of the mesoporous carbon film
Key for soft template
The ability of the precursor components to self-assemble into nanostructures. The presence of at least one pore-forming component and at least one carbon-yielding component
Summary and Outlook
The hard template synthesis is regarded as a hallmark for the controlled synthesis of mesoporus carbon materials
However
a).The sacrificial use of hard templates b).Insufficient stabilities of replicated mesostructures c).Difficulties of synthesis of large film The soft template method relies on supramolecular assemblies
To classify:
......
Procedure & Mechanism
PS-P4VP/Resorcinol–Formaldehyde System
Schematic representation of the synthetic procedure
Characterization
FTIR spectra of PS· P4VP and PS· P4VP/resorcinol mixture