供应链管理

1.Economies of scale refer to the expansion of production capacity under a certain level of science and technology. The trend that the long-term average cost decline. Which is the downward trend is the long term cost of a curve.

2.FMS(flexible manufacturing systems). The flexible manufacturing system is composed of a unified information control system a material transportation system and a set of digital control processing equipment.

A automatic machine manufacturing system capable of adapting processing object transformation.

3.MRP(materials requirements planning) is defined according to the number of dependent relationship and product mix of goods at all levels to plan for each article is subject to completion of the reference period is the time inverted plan, issued by each item in the length difference is within an industrial manufacturing materials planing management.

4.JIT (just in time)

The basic principle of JIT logistics is to ensure that all elements of the chain are synchronized and that there must be early identification of shipping and replenishment requirements and, most importantly of all, there must be the highest level of planning discipline.

5.SKU (Stock keeping unit) SKUs may be a universal number such as a UPC code or supplier part number or may be a unique identifier used by a specific a store or online retailer.

6effective & efficient

effective

Having an intended or expected effect.

efficient

Acting or producing effectively with a minimum of waste,expense,or unnecessary effort.

7.capability(能力) & competency（实力）

8.productivity advantage & value advantage

Logistics management can provide a multitude of ways to increase efficiency and productivity and hence contribute significantly to reduced unit costs.

Essentially the development of a strategy based upon add values will normally require a more segmented approach to the market. When a company scrutinizes markets closely it frequently finds that there are distinct ‘value segments’. In other words different importance to different benefits. The importance of such benefit segmentation lies in the fact that often there are substantial opportunities for creating differentiated appeals for specific segments.

Put very simply, successful companies either have a productivity advantage or they have a ‘value’ advantage or a combination of the two. The productivity advantage gives a lower cost profile and the value

advantage gives the product or offering a differential ‘plus’over competitive offerings.

9.Value chain activities can be categorized into two types-primary activities (inbound logistics, operation, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service) and support activities (infrastructure, human resource management, technology development and procurement).These support activities within the firm. Competitive advantage is derived from the way in which firms organize and perform these discrete activities within the value chain. To gain competitive advantage over its rivals, a firm must deliver value to its customers through performing these activities in more efficiently than its competitors or by performing the activities in a unique way that creates greater differentiation.

10.TQM(total quality management)

Consists of organization-wide efforts to install and make permanent a climate in which an organization continuously improves its ability to deliver high-quality products and services to customers.

11.Supply chain against supply chain

It must be recognized that the concept of supply chain management, is in fact no more than an extension of the logic of logistics.

The management of upstream and downstream relationship with supplies and customers to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain as a whole.