Unit One 定语从句的翻译
牛津高一模块一Unit 1 语法定语从句 part9
总结:从句中要省略跟主句表示的相同的词。
关系词在定语从句中充当: attribute ( 定语): She has a brother .I can't remember his name. 1.先找到两句话中共有的名词。( brother ) She has a brother whose name I can't remember.
I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake (that I made).
先行词
定语从句 关系词
1.你可以选择你喜欢的科目。 定语从句公式:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句 You can choose the subject which\that you like.
4.先行词student(学生)可以选关系词 who\whom\whose.然后看从句:_____ the teachers fail. 缺少(主语?宾语?定语?) 所以可以选who\whom. 5.先行词classes(科目),从句缺宾语所以只能选which。 6.take the classes,缺宾语,所以选关系词 which. 7.先行词teacher(老师)可以选关系词 who\whom\whose.然后看从句:_____ class.缺定语。 所以只能选whose. 8.先行词teacher(老师)然后看从句:_____ they like or respect. 缺少宾语 所以可以选who\whom.
地点状语,时间状语where,when省略介词
1.先行词student(学生)可以选关系词 who\whom\whose.然后看从句:_____ study(学习、 动词) in the USA. 缺少(主语?宾语?定语?) 所以只能选who. 2.先行词time(时间)可以选which\whose.从句____they spend。缺宾语, 所以只能选which。 3.先行词student(学生)可以选关系词 who\whom\whose.然后看从句:_____ do not make good use of their time.缺少(主语?宾语?定语?) 所以只能选who.
高一英语必修一Unit定语从句
五.whose作定__语___【成分】!!所表属____关系!! 译“为它_的_/_它__的_/_它__的_”__!!!!用来代替His_/h_e_r_/t_h_e_ir_/it.s whose指人也指物!! 指物时 = o_f_w_h_ic_h__ 指人时 = _o_f_w_h_o_m__
This recorder 【which】 he is using is made in
Japan.
这个它正在使用的录音机是日本产的??
四. that 指人/物!!作主语或宾语 【作宾语可省略】
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.
I’ve read all the books 【that】 you gave me.
考点:that和which的选择
三先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时??
T这hi是s is我the看be过st b的ook最【好th的at】一I’本ve 书eve?r re?ad. T这hi是s is它the用fir英st c文om写po的sitio第n 【一th篇at】作h文e h?as?written in English.
Here arewthwosoep指ic电tu影re的s!t!h作at定a语re taken from the film . This is the film wwhhoosm指e nmaanm和ewiosmaTni!ta!n作ic宾.语
The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Jack anwdhoL指uchyeraor和e htehreoihneer!o!作an主d语the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .
高一英语(牛津译林版)必修一定语从句1
精心整理定语从句一、基本概念1.定语从句:在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。
换句话说,定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。
23.4512.使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题:a.在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。
1.。
Array2.3.4.5.在1.Whoistheboythathelpedyou?2.Whichisthebook(that)youboughtyesterday?6.若有两个定语从句,一个用which引导,另一个须用that引导。
Heboughtabookwhichcouldgivehimknowledgeandthatcouldhelptokillthetime.7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.b.在以下几种情况下只使用which不用that。
1.引导非限制性定语从句时。
Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.(which作宾语,指代主句中的pen) NewconceptEnglish isintendedforforeignstudents,whichisknowntoallofus.2.3.c.1.2.3.AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.4.在以therebe开头的句子中,多用who。
Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeourheadmaster.5.若有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词是that,另一个须用who。
Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatstudiesveryhard.HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.Hewaslate,whichmadetheteacherangry.Thebridgeisreallywonderful,as(is)showninthepicture.Theexperimentisveryimportant,asindeeditis.e.thesame…as…和thesame…that…的不同。
牛津高中英语模块一 Unit1 定语从句
关系分句&关系词的选择在复合句中起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做关系分句(定语从句),被修饰的词叫做先行词(antececdent),引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与关系分句中间起了连接作用,二是在分句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系分句分为限制性关系分句和非限制性关系分句。
关系词分为关系代词(that, who, whom, which, whose)、关系副词(when, where, when, why)和关系限定词(whose).具体关系词的选择如下:考虑三个因素(限定性、指人还是指物、充当的成分)一般:who/whom/that指人which/that指物在限制性关系分句中关系词的选择1.thatthat在定语从句中可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,但不能放在介词后作介词宾语。
如:The eggs that I bought yesterday were not fresh.我昨天买的鸡蛋不新鲜。
I prefer dumplings that have just been cooked.我更喜欢吃刚煮出来的饺子。
指物时that和which可以互换,但下面几种情况通常用that引导定语从句,不能用which。
(l)当先行词有最高级修饰或本身就是最高级时。
如:This book is the most difficult one that I have ever read.这本书是我所读过的最难的一本书。
The best that I could do was to apologize.我能做的最好的事情就是道歉。
(2)当先行词有序数词修饰或本身就是序数词时。
如:Here are two students,the third that you want is to come in a minute.这儿有两个学生,你要的第三个学生一会儿就来。
高一定语从句(unit 1)
关系代词的选择
先行词指人 先行词指物 that
√ √ √ √
which
who
√ √
whom
whose
√
一、先行词指人时:
that、who在定语从句中充当主语 1. I am going to see a friend that/who has just come back from the UK. 2. The girl that/who is the tallest in our class lives next door to me. 3. She was the teacher that/who taught us English Literature.
Attribute(定语)
1.I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. (Para.2) 2. I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature.(Para.3) 3. I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that I made. (Para. 5) 4. In the art class that I took, I made a small sculpture. (Para. 6)
What is attributive?
定语从句的定义: 在主从复合句中起 定语作用,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定 语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 定语从句一般放在先行词后面,由关系 代词或关系副词引导。
北师大版高中英语必修一Unit1《定语从句》
Read and underline. 读下面短文,用下画线标出由“when, 15 where, ”引导的与框中黑体部分结构相同的句子。
One day I met a friend that I hadn’t seen for nearly a year. We talked for a while and decided that we would get together sometime and we finally agreed to meet in the restaurant where we first met.
4. The hotel _____we lived during our holidays stands by the seaside.
5. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
6. That is the day ______I'll never forget.
1.关系副词when 、where的用法 2.关系副词when 、where与关系代词which、
that的区别
Grammar focus
Grammar focus
There is gym where you can exercise.
I often go there for a walk and my family sometimes has a picnic there on weekends weum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
2. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.
英语:unit1《school life》定语从句(译林牛津版必修1).doc
英语:Unit1《School Life》定语从句(译林牛津版必修1)定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中作定语, 修饰一个名词或代词, 被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后, 由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词, 并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1. who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词, 在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗? (who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2. whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物, 它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了, 大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3. which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词, 在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如:A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which/that在句中作主语)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
2018 高中牛津英语 模块一 unit1 School life 单元语法专题:定语从句一
2018 高中牛津英语模块一Unit1 School life 单元语法专题:定语从句(一)一语法知识精讲一基本概念在复合句中做定语,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
一般情况下,定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
三、关系代词和关系副词关系代词和关系副词是定语从句的引导词。
它们与先行词关系密切,因此常紧跟先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有:who, whom, which, that 和whose, 另外,as 也可以充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中通常充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有:when, where和why. 在定语从句中充当状语。
四关系代词的用法(一)基本用法根据先行词的不同和在从句中所充当的成分不同,选用不同的关系代词。
如下表:1 Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week?(作主语)你认识那位下周将给我们做演讲的教授吗?2 I read a report about his new novel that/which will soon be published. (作主语)我读了一份关于他即将出版的新小说的报道。
3 The plan (that/which) they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语)他们争论的那个计划终于确定了。
4 The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay.(作定语)那位腿部严重受伤的士兵立刻接受了手术。
注意:关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。
(二)关系代词that 代替which 的一些情况Which, that在代替物时,一般可以通用。
定语从句翻译
定语从句翻译1.那些在困境中的人应该得到我们的帮助。
(deserve)Those who are in trouble deserve our help.2.智商高的人未必情商高。
(necessarily)Those who have high IQ don’t necessarily have high EQ.3.只有勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功。
(only those)Only those who face the challenges bravely are likely to succeed.4.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。
(… it …)I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.5.住惯了大城市的人均会喜欢住在没有噪音和人群的小镇上。
(free of)Those who are used to living in the city will all like to live in a small town free of noise and crowds.6.想报名参加课外辅导中学的学生,年龄必须在10-15岁之间。
(range)Those who want to enroll in the tutorial center must range in age from 10 to 15 years old.7.我觉得这本简易读物对学过两,三年的英语的人是很合适的。
(suitable)I find this simplified English book (is) suitable for those who have learned English for two or three years.8.人们普遍认为,不善于学习者就难以与时俱进。
(pace)It is generally believed that those who are not good at studies can hardly keep up with the pace of the time. 9.在日常生活中,我们不要与言而无信的人打交道。
Unit 1 Grammar 英语定语从句详解
先行词 关系词
关系代词
定语从句 关系副词 where, when, why
which, who, whom, whose, that
二、用法 : 关系代词: 引导定语从句的关系代词
who whom
先 行 词 是 人
These are the students who / that won the first place last year.
9.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least most ________ a year.
关系代词和关系副词的区别
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语
关系副词在定语从句中作状语
The Attributive Clause
Which one is Harry Porter ?
The boy is Harry Porter
Which one is Harry Porter ?
定语从句 The boy________________________ who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter .
whose
that
which
先行词是物
These are the trees which / that were planted last year.
1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别.
① who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man who came here yesterday has come again.
译林英语模块一Unit1定语从句(共41张PPT)
in literature
___________________
is
Mo
Yan.
特殊用法
• 只用that,不用which的情况 • 只用which ,不用that的情况
只用that,不用which 1. 当先行词是不定代词:all, much, little, something,
everything, anything, nothing, none, the one(指物) 时
只用which,不用that
1. 在非限制性定语从句中,当先行词是物,或 代指前面整个主句时,只能用which
Beijing, w__h_ic_h_ is the capital of China, is very beautiful. He failed in the exam, w__h_ic_h_ made him very sad.
• Step 1:放风筝(kite-flying)是一种重要的、深 受人们欢迎的户外活动。
• Step 2:Kite-flying is an important outdoor activity .
• Step 3:Kite-flying is an important outdoor activity which enjoys great popularity.
Do you know the things and persons _t_h_a_t_ they are talking about?
6. 有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用 了which, 另一个宜用that.
They secretly built up a small factory which produced things __t_h_a_t__ could cause pollution.
高一英语 Unit 1 School life 语法定语从句
高一英语Unit 1School life语法定语从句教学重难点:掌握定语从句〔一〕the handsomethe tallthe strong boythe cleverthe naughtyThe boy is Tom.将两局部内容连接起来The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is Tom.The boy who is clever is Tom.The boy who is naughty is Tom.1. 概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.先行词关系词2. 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的词。
3. 关系词:引导定语从句的词。
关系词:在句子中充当成分例:不到长城非好汉。
He who hasn’t been to the Great Wall is not a true man.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。
He who laughs last laughs best .天助自助者。
God help those who help themselves.Who is Tom?The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.The boy who is smiling is Tom.The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.The boy who has a round face is Tom.The boy is Tom. The boy sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.将下面两个句子连成一个句子,形成定语从句。
The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the job.The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous.The teacher who will give us a talk is famouswho在以上句子中指前面所提到的人,作主语。
unit one 参考译文
Phrase Interpreting PracticeA. Interpret the following phrases into English:to recover from the jet lagto claim the luggagethe reception deskthe information deskto fill in the formto draft/ draw upitinerarybusiness lunchto hold a banquet in honor ofgracious invitationB. Interpret the following phrases into English:位于饭店大堂登记入住办理退房手续代表餐饮部康乐部客房服务员行李员为……而干杯Sentence Interpreting Practice[句子口译]1.Did you fly directly from New York to Shanghai?2. I hope you’ve had a pleasant flight/ trip.3. We have already reserved you a single room at the Lotus Hotel.4. The city has a moderate climate.5. Shall we go to the front desk and fill in the registration form?6. The hotel serves meals from 7 am. to 9 am. for breakfast, 11am. to 1pm Lunch, and 5:30pm. to 7:30 pm supper.7. I would like to take a few minutes to tell you about your schedule here.8. I’ve come to make sure that your stay in Shanghai is a pleasant one.9. The careful coordination of such a series of delicate activities as selecting ingredients, mixing flavors, timing the cooking, controlling the heat and finally laying out he food on the plate for the table is the typical characteristic of Chinese food. 10. May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two companies.1.旅途如何?2.谢谢您专程来接我。
人教版英语选修七unit1课文注释
选修七unit1MARTY'S STORYHi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am “one in a million①”. In other words②,there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition③,sometimes I am very clumsy④ and drop things or bump⑤ into furniture⑥. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing⑦and have learned to adapt to⑧my disability. My motto⑨ is: live one day at a time⑩ .Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to⑪climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing⑫my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker⑬, until I could only enjoy football from a bench⑭at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one⑮in which they cut out⑯a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope⑰ . Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds⑱.One problem is that I don't look any different from other people⑲. So sometimes ①one in a million百万人中才有一个②in other words换句话说③in addition另外;还有④clumsy/'klʌmzI/adj.笨拙的⑤bump /bʌmp/v i.碰撞;撞击bump into撞上⑥furniture n.[U]家具⑦outgoing/'aʊtgəʊIŋ/adj.外向的;友好的;外出的;离开的⑧adapt to适合adapt/ə'dæpt/v t.使适应;改编⑨motto n.箴言;格言⑩at a time 一次,每次⑪used to 过去常常⑫represent v t.代表;展示;描绘⑬比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”⑭bench/bentʃ/n.长凳⑮in which they cut out ...是“in+which”引导的定语从句,which指代one (test)。
高一英语必修一定语从句总结
定语从句一、三个观点1.定语从句:用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句。
2.先行词:定语从句所修饰的词就叫做先行词,它一般是由名词、代词或句子充任。
3.关系词:指引定语从句的词就叫做关系词。
关系词用以连结先行词与定语从句,关系词既有代替先行词的作用,又在从句中充任着一个成分。
例: The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old.先行词关系词定语从句Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group.先行词定语从句关系词二、重点1.先行词与定语从句之间要相关系词(有时可省略)2.关系代词应紧跟在先行词以后3.关系词在定语从句中充任某一成分三、关系词的用法关系代词 :who/whom/that/which/whose1.先行词是人时,关系代词用who/whom/that.(1) who/that表主格 :The girl who /that is drawing is Jim’ s sister.The man who/that lives next door is friendly.(2)whom/that 表宾格 (who 可用于口语中 )可省略 :The boy (whom/that) we talked about will come. Heis the man (whom/that) we saw yesterday.2.先行词为物时,关系代词用 which/that.(1)which/that 表主格 :A plane is a machine which / that can fly.Mary likes music which/that is quiet and gentle.(2) which/that 表宾格 ,可省略 :The car (which /that) he bought was a second-hand one.The film (which/that) we saw last night was wonderful.3.whose:表全部格,先行词既能够是人,也能够是物 Theworker whose arm was broken was sent to hospital. Theriver whose banks are covered with trees is very long.关系副词: when/where/why关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地址或原由的名词,在从句中作状语关系副词 =介词 +关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ ... which ( 介词同先行词搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ ... which ( 介词同先行词搭配)1.when: 指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。
one 定语从句
one定语从句【释义】onenum.一;一个;一岁;一点钟pron.一个人;任何人,人们(表泛指);那个人;(特指的)那种人det.一个(强调某人或某事);一个(用于比较相似的人或物);某个(用于不认识的人的名字前)adj.唯一的;一的n.一;一美元纸币n.(One)(印、马、美)温(人名)【短语】1One Piece海贼王;航海王;海盗路飞;连衣裙2One Direction一世代;单向乐队;单向组合;世代3One Tree Hill篮球兄弟;一树山;独木岭;篮球的天空4Air Force One空军一号;美国空军一号;空中一号5one another彼此;互相;相互;此此6at one time曾经;同时;一度;从前曾7THE ONE郑淳元;救世主;宇宙追缉令;唯一8Formula One一级方程式赛车;方程式赛车;一级方程式;世界一级方程式锦标赛9One Ring至尊魔戒;响铃;至尊魔【例句】1One needs space to be oneself.人要有空间才能怡然自得。
2It's never worked from day one.这从一开始就行不通。
3Each ticket admits one adult.每张票只准许一位成人入场。
4One mistake and you're toast.要是出一次错,你就完了。
5No one doubted his ability.没有人怀疑他的能力。
6Knit one row,purl one row.织一趟平针,织一趟反针。
Unit+1+句子结构分析和翻译+讲义 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
人教社必修1第一单元句子结构分析和翻译FIRST IMPRESSIONSHan Jing’s World7:00 a.m.1.So this is it —senior high school at last!状主系表同位状翻译技巧:根据主语+系动词+表语结构,状语前置。
直译:就是这样——高中学校了终于。
意译:就是这样——终于到了高中学校了!2.I ’m not outgoing [so I’m a little anxious] right now.主系表状从状翻译技巧:根据主语+系动词+表语结构,状语前置。
直译:我并不外向,所以我有点儿焦虑现在。
我并不外向,所以我现在有点儿焦虑。
3.I want to make a good first impression.主谓宾翻译技巧:根据主语+谓语+宾语结构。
我想留下一个好的第一印象。
4.Will I make any friends? What if no one talks to me?主谓宾状主谓宾翻译技巧:根据主语+谓语+宾语结构。
我会交到朋友吗?要是没人跟我说话怎么办?12:00p.m.5.I just had my first maths class at senior high school!主谓宾状翻译技巧:根据主语+谓语+宾语结构,状语前置。
直译:我刚刚上完第一节数学课在高中。
我刚刚上完高中的第一节数学课。
6.The Class was difficult, but the teacher was kind and friendly.主系表状主系表翻译技巧:根据主语+系动词+表语结构。
这堂课很难,但老师很友善。
7.He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much!主状谓间宾直宾主谓状翻译技巧:根据主语+谓语+宾语和主语+谓语结构。
他还给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,每个人都笑得很开心!8.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.主谓宾宾补翻译技巧:根据主语+谓语+宾语结构。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Any one who works hard and never gives up will succeed.
任何人,只要努力工作永不放弃,就能够成功。
练习:
1. The study,published in the current issue of the Journal of Experimental Education,found significant increase in ninth-grade math test scores among students who had spent early grades in smaller classes,with the gains even more pronounced among minority students.(前置)
B. 定语从句的动词在整个复合句中分量较重,可将其主句压缩成词组译作主语,而把定语从句的动词译作其谓语。例如:
“The best way to play basketball well is to take it easy and enjoy it,”said an American basketball player.
1.1 前置
把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语,从而把复合句译成简单句。反之亦然。例如:
He who doesn’t want to be a general isn’t a good soldier.
不想当将军的士兵不是好士兵。
Gui Lin is a place where there are gorgeous mountains and rivers.
You,whose predecessors scored initial success in medical research,have acquired a greater accomplishment in this respect.
你们的先辈在天文学研究方面取得了初步的成功,而你们现在则在这一方面获得了更大的成就。
桂林是个有山有水的地方。
Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here.
同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。
The car didn’t break down as we had feared.
他正在收集有力的材料来证明他的论证。
This company,which wants to get their new product sold well in the market,is trying hard to perfect its packing and workmanship.
为了使新产品在市场热销,这个公司正在全力改进工艺和外包装。
一位美国的篮球运动员曾说过:“要想打好篮球,最好的办法就是享受篮球。”
He had great success in football which made him an idol in the eyes of every football player.
他在足球领域取得的成就使他成为每一个足球运动员的偶像。
No one in the company likes their boss,who is stingy and bad-tempered.
公司里没人喜欢他们的老板,因为他脾气暴燥人又小气。
B. 表结果
The two countries established formal diplomatic relation,which paved the way for the further communication.
This was the period when Newton began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Gravity.
就在这期间,牛顿开始一一项研究。经过这项研究,他创立了著名的重力理论。
两国正式建立了外交关系,从而为双方进一步的交流铺平了道路。
They quarelled with each other everyday,which led to their divorce.
他们夫妻二人天天吵架,最终导致离婚。
C. 表让步
He insisted on buying another car,which he had no use for.
Unit One 定语从句的翻译
定语就其位置而言,有前置、后置和分隔定语。定语从句有限定性和非限定性定语从句两种。就其性质和功能而言,可以译成条件、原因、结果、目的、让步和转折等状语从句;就其译文的形式来讲,可以译成并列句、独立句和复合句等。
1. 限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限制作用,与先行词关系密切。翻译这类句子可以采用以下方法:
中日两国最终就农业问题达成了协议,而农业问题自一九九六年起就是两国关系发展的主要障碍。
Although he is a greenhand,he has enterprise and creativity which are decisive in winning success in the field.
5. But he did not talk at length about the matter,which was not considered by the White House to be a particularly important question.(原因)
6. She lived her life apart from the workers on whose skill she depended.(让步)
他坚持要再买一辆车,尽管他并无此需要。
My father,who thought it might not work,supported me.
尽管父亲认为这个办法可能不会起作用,但还是支持我。
D. 表目的
He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.
门口有人要见你。
There are some students in the class who dislike studying.
在班上总有一些学生不爱学习。
This is the very knife which he used to murder the victim.
他就是用这把刀谋杀了受害人。
2. 非限制性定语从句
非限定性定语从句对先行词不起限制作带“的”的前置定语
一些较短且具有描述性的非限定性从句,可以译成带“的”的前置定语。例如:
John,who has grey hair,is believed to be one of the most attractive figure.
2. When she was lost to his view,he pursured his homeward way,glancing up sometimes at the sky,where the clouds were sailing fast and wildly.(后置)
3. I had a problem,which became clearly obvious just as I was to appear at the meeting.(并列分句)
他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。
He has great determination and courage which I need badly as a manager.
他为人果敢,而我作为经理,缺得正是这一点。
要想在这一领域取得成功,需要渊博的知识及丰富的经验,而很少有人能具备这两点。
F. 表条件或假设
People become desperater for work,any work,which will help them to keep alive their family.
2.2 译成带有状语性质和功能的定语从句
A.表原因
The manager was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
经理只宴请了几个人,因为他特别想和这些人谈谈,听听他们的意见。
E. 表转折
She is quite considerate and kind,which her younger sister never is.
她非常善良,体贴,而她妹妹却从不这样。
To succeed in this area,one needs profound knowledge and experience,which few has.
汽车并没有像我们所担心的那样出故障。
1.2 后置
把结构复杂且较长的定语从句后置,译成并列分句。翻译时可以用两种方法来处理:
A. 重复先行词。例如:
China and Japan reached agreement on the issue of agriculture which was a major barrier for their bilateral relation since 1996.
是她写了这封信说你的姐姐去世了。
I gave him a gift which I didn’t see at all.