英语作文高级表达方式-抽象名词
英语作文高级表达方式－抽象名词
1. ABSENCE: (with/there is) the absence of attempt/ work
A．Many medical experts are now agreed that with the general absence
of roughage，modem citizens are literally---via heart attacks and cancer--eating and drinking themselves into the grave．
许多医学专家现在一致认为，由于食物中总体缺少粗粮，现代公民们就是这样一日三餐，不知不觉地患上了心脏病和癌症。最终送命，这样说并非言过其实。
B．There seems to have been an absence of attempt at conciliation between rival sects．
似乎没有进行任何尝试去调解对立派之间的矛盾。
C．For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their
health．
对大多数人来说，没有工作对他们的身体反而有害。
2. ACCEPTANCE: have/find/obtain/gain/win (general/immediate/wide)
acceptance for/among/of
A．Academic dishonesty has had relatively strong peer support and acceptance among some students，partly because we did not make a serious effort to explain why such behavior is contemptible．
学习上的作弊得到同伴相对有力的支持，也被一些学生所接受。部分原因是我们没有真正努力去解释为什么这种行为是可耻的。
B．If that can be done，the high way will serve the purposes users want．
Then it will gain broad acceptance and become a reality．如果做到这一点的话，高架就会达到使用者所希望的目的。这样就会得到广泛的支持而成为现实。
3. ACCESS: gain/get/have/attain/give (ready/easy) access to A．Advances in technology have smoothed access to information, rendering superfluous whole layers of management.
技术的发展使我们能较容易获取信息，也使整个管理层变得有些多余。B．While it is true that U．S．sources may have better access to the information，they might also have more reason to conceal or alter that information．
美国新闻机构获取情报或许较为方便，但它们也可能有较多的理由去隐瞒或篡改情报。
4. ACQUISITION: acquisition of knowledge/ a language/information
A. Newspaper reading，rather than being simply the acquisition of new information，is a kind of passive participation in the life of the national community.
读报不仅仅是获得新的信息，而是一种被动地参与国家生活的活动。
B．But in the past trying to accelerate children's acquisition of academic skills in their early age was seen as evidence of bad parenting．但在过去，若家长们在孩子还很小时就加快对他们的文化知识的学习，这种做法被认为是不好的教育法。
5. AGREEMENT: there is general agreement that
A. There is total agreement that the activity of humans is at least partly
responsible for the problem.
有一点大家的意见是一致的：人类的活动对这个问题至少应当负部分责任。B．To come to agreement on control and reduction of weapons between the superpowers is difficult.
超级大国之间要在控制和削减武器方面达成一致意见是很困难的。
6. ANALYSIS: make a careful/close analysis of; attempt/defy/resist
analysis
A．Yet close analysis of such people often reveals the existence of what might be called “stability zones” in their lives．
仔细分析这些人，往往会发现，在他们生活中也存在可能称为的“稳定区域”。B．It requires a very unusual mind，Whitehead said，to undertake the analysis of a fact．
怀特黑德说过，需要一种极不寻常的头脑去分析一个事件。
7．ANTICIPATION：in anticipation of a rise／fall／success
A．All experience a good deal of anticipation，but the anticipation pales next to the excitement of first communicating verbally．所有这一切都经历了许多的盼望，但这种盼望比起第一次语言交流的兴奋要
逊色多了。
B．The financial markets had raised interest rates in anticipation of a squeeze.
金融市场因预计到银根紧缩而提高了利率。
C．in anticipation of an early reply期待早复
8. ANTIDOTE: (serve) as an (strong/powerful) antidote to boredom
A．He supported，for example，universal education as an antidote to the numbing effects of economic specialization.
例如他支持全民教育可以克服经济专业化带来的麻木的影响。
9. ANTIPATHY: have/arouse/provoke/natural antipathy to/towards A．Without question，however，the first major thinker to express a clear antipathy to the urban way of life was Thomas Jefferson．
毫无问题，第一个表示出对城市生活反感的大思想家是托马斯·杰佛逊。
10. APATHY: show/have/with an (political/election) apathy toward sth.
A．How can we curb this growing student apathy and assure ourselves of capable，responsible leadership for the future?
如何才能制止学生中日益发展的冷漠态度，以确保我们在将来成为有能力、
有责任的领导人?
11. APPEAL: make a direct/strong appeal to
A．The appeal to venture capitalists of investing in United States high technology companies is quite obvious．
对风险资本家来说，投资于美国高技术公司的吸引力是显而易见的。
B．He holds a special appeal to little children.
他对小孩有种特殊的吸引力。
12. APPETITE have/stimulate a strong/keen appetite for（爱好，追求）
1. He has a great appetite for knowledge.他强烈的求知欲。
2．The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward，not only the means of sustenance，but a keen appetite for
pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms．
在办公室或工厂里长时间的工作，给他们带来的报酬不仅仅是生活给养，而且是对乐趣的强烈追求，即使是最简单、最朴实的乐趣。
13. APPLICATION: the application of knowledge/theory
A. We ale dealing with the application of psychology to advertising and
political propaganda．
我们说的是把心理学应用于广告和政治宣传。
B．In general，the application---or misapplication---of science and technology in all fields is certain to affect the structure of society as a whole．
总的说来，科学技术在各个领域中的应用或误用，必然会影响整个社会的结构。
14. APPRECIATION: cultivate/deepen/express/show an (better/keen)
appreciation of
A．cultivate the appreciation of good music培养对音乐的欣赏能力
B．We take this opportunity of expressing / to express our sincere appreciation of your help.
对于你们的帮助，我们趁这个机会向你们表示衷心的感谢。
C．promote/deepen the appreciation of Chinese arts and letters in the United States of America促进/加深美国对中国文学艺术的理解。
D．He has a keen appreciation of the students’ needs.
他深刻了解学生们的需要。
15. ASSESSMENT: make an assessment of
A．Although it is，of course，much more difficult，he can also make a subjective assessment of the percentage of his emotional energy invested in the job．
虽然这很困难，但是他还能对在这份工作中投入多少精力作一个主观的评价。B．The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair．我们必须注意的另一件事是，对智力评估实质上是相对的。
16. ASSOCIATION: be/have an association with；in association with
A．do sth in association with sb和某人一起做某事
B．They suggest the answer may be the lack of association with other humans during the period of sleep．
他们暗示这个回答或许和睡眠中缺少与其他人的联系有关。
17．ATTACK: come under (personal/sharp) attack
A．Today, American colleges and universities originally modeled on German ones are under strong attack.
今天美国大学(最初是按照德国大学模式)正受到社会的激烈批评。
18. ATTAINMENT: the attainment of goals/aim/objective
A．This will deeply impress them on your memory, and these memory traces will soon start influencing your everyday behavior toward the
attainment of the goal．
这将会把它们深深地铭记在你的脑海里。而这些记忆痕将很快开始影响你的日常行为，促使你朝着实现目标而努力。
B．Schools usually set as their educational objective the attainment of
a balanced development of a person．
学校通常把一个人获得平衡发展作为教育的目标。
19. ATTENTION: bring...to public attention/claim/draw/come to the attention of
A．Many of these workers are poorly educated and unskilled，and they often lack the union representation that has helped bring other industrial disease to public attention．
这些工人中许多没受过什么教育，又缺乏技术，他们往往没有自己的工会代表可以帮助他们让公众知道其他的职业病。
B．As for sowing methods-probably over half of Europe's seed was wasted every year before the Chinese idea of the seed drill came to the attention of Europeans．
至于播种方法，在中国人关于种子条播机的想法引起欧洲人的注意之前，也许欧洲每年要浪费一半以上的种子。
C. The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world
received much media attention earlier this year in several highly
publicized cases.
今年初几个透明度颇高的案例中，有关世界各地女佣的悲惨状况引起了新闻媒体的关注。
20. ATTEMPT: make an attempt/in an attempt to
A．Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years．
在过去的100年中，人们极力想打破这个在历届总统大选中都实行的旧体制。B．In an attempt to do sth, ...为了...
do sth in an attempt to do 做某事是为了
21. AVAILABILITY: the availability of information/money
A．They do this in order that births occur with the arrival of the rains, the availability of grazing, and the mother's adequate supply of milk for the young.
它们这样做，是为了使生育正好与雨季相遇，并有大量的青草生长，这样母畜就有足够的奶水喂养幼仔。
22. AWARENESS: heighten/reduce/increase/sharpen/spark/obscure one's
awareness of
A．The Bhopal tragedy five years ago, when thousands of Indians died after an escape of chemicals, sparked a belated environmental awareness among India's middle classes.
5年前，因化学气体的泄漏而发生的伯帕尔惨剧使成千上万的印度人丧生。这个惨剧在印度的中产阶级中唤起了一种姗姗来迟的环保意识。
B．The computer could obscure man's awareness of the need to come to terms with himself．
电脑可能模糊了人需要对自身有限能力妥协的认识。
C．The intelligent listener must be prepared to increase his awareness of the musical material and what happens to it．
聪明的听众必须随时提高自己对音乐素材的认识以及有关这方面的意识。
23. BARRIER: a barrier to the development/progress
A．But it is the lack of political will and the ineptness of established
sociopolitical structures that are major barriers to the progress in this field．
但是，由于缺少政治意志加上现有的社会政治结构的不完善，这就极大地阻碍了这个领域的发展。
B．A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own；and anyway，language is always a barrier to the contact with the local population．
紧凑的日程安排使得旅游者不可能自己随便闲逛。不管怎样，语言总会阻碍他们同当地人的接触。
24. BELIEF: express/foster/hold a belief in; there is a widely
accepted/held belief that; contrary to popular/general/growing belief
A．The enormous success of science has led to the general belief that scientists have developed and are employing effective methods in gaining new knowledge．
科学的巨大成功，使一般人认为，科学家人数在发展，他们在利用有效的方法获得新的知识。
25. BOREDOM: to escape/interrupt/relieve boredom
A．Only an occasional stop at a gasoline station or at a drugstore to read movie magazines interrupts their boredom．
去加油站溜溜歇歇脚或到药店走走，读读电影画报这样可以解解闷气。B．This includes keeping them in more suitable cages, allowing social animals like dogs to live together and trying to reduce the boredom that these animals can experience.
其中包括把它们饲养在较合适的笼子里，让狗这一类爱结交的动物生活在一起，尽量减少它们的寂寞。
26. CAPACITY: ( have a ) capacity for development/organization A．Hitler，aided by a phenomenal capacity for organization and by the readiness of Germany's great industrialists to finance his campaign，shrewdly utilized the prevailing attitude to establish his power．由于他非凡的组织能力以及德国大企业家们愿意资助他的竞选，希特勒精明
地利用了社会上的这种态度，建立了他的政权。
B．But of all our problems，the most immediate and pressing, the one which threatens to paralyze our very capacity to act，to obliterate our vision of the future，is the plight of the Negro of the center city．
但是，在所有我们最直接和紧迫的问题中，威胁到损伤我们的行动能力，威胁到遮住我们对未来的展望的就是市中心黑人的困境。
27. CELEBRATION: a celebration of freedom/achievement/success
A．Any celebration of what has been accomplished during our first two centuries also requires a commitment to what remains to be done during the third century．
庆祝在过去两个世纪里所取得的成就，同样需要对第三个世纪里所要做的事情承担起责任。
B．At this time，and in the place where so many great names in American history have trod，we renew this celebration of freedom in the full and certain knowledge that with it comes great responsibility．
此时，在美国历史上许多伟人所踩过的地方，我们重新庆祝获得的自由，确信随之而来的是巨大的责任。
28. CERTAINTY: be/become a certainty with/has certainty
A．It can be said with certainty that…可以断言
B．I had the certainty that he was at home.我确信他在家。
C．Some children learn best by rote，in structured environments with high certainty and strict discipline．0thers gain success in the less structured“permissive” atmosphere of a“progressive”school.
有的孩子在高度稳定和严明纪律的严格环境中以死记硬背取得好成绩，另有一些则在“先进”学校比较宽松的环境里获得了成功。
29. CHALLENGE: meet/accept the challenge
A．Because I had no formal training in any of these fields with the exception of engineering，I had to learn to meet each challenge of managing a business as it arose．
除了工程学，在所有这些领域里我都没受过正规的教育，所以每当出现一个工商管理方面的挑战时，我只好学着去迎接它。
30. CHANGE: undergo/bring about/inaugurate great/marked change A．After crossing several time zones，sleep rhythms undergo marked changes during the first night.
经过几个时区后，睡眠规律就会在第一个晚上发生很大变化。
31. CHOICE: make a wise choice
A．Not only do lies not provide any hope，they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health．
对病人隐瞒真情，不仅不能给予病人任何希望，还会侵犯病人的自由，使他们不能对自己的健康做出明智的选择。
B．When choices are made among alternatives such as those just described，it becomes plain that choosing one alternative often involve giving up another．
在上述几个方案中做出选择，显然，挑选一个意味着放弃另一个．
32. COMBINATION: (express/symbolize) a rare/ happy combination of A．He turned out to be an incredible combination of strength and relaxation on the track．
在这方面他证明是把力量和放松结合得最好的人。
B．The modern world is a combination of Eastern and Western ingredients which are inextricably fused．
现代世界是一个东西方紧密融合的结合体。
33．COMFORT: take/derive/seek comfort from/enjoy the comfort of A．People have taken comfort from the idea that our brains are magically unique and could never be duplicated，never mind surpassed，by machines．人的大脑是神奇般独特的、不能被复制、不用担心会被机器超过，想到这一点，人们感到了极大的安慰。
34. COMMAND: acquire/has/secure a good command of
A．But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will.
但这种事并非一天就能做成的，也不是靠征服意志就能一蹴而就的。
35. COMMENT: make comment about
A．Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were.
The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true．
老年人总是说年轻人不像他们同龄时那样了。一代一代人做出相同的评论，而且总是真实的。
36. COMPARAISON: in comparison with/to make comparison
A．Yet culture shock is relatively mild in comparison with the much more serious malady，future shock．
与更严重的弊证、即未来冲击相比，文化冲击相对来说要轻些。
B．The boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days．
一个人当他在必须做无趣味的工作时所感到的乏味，和他成天无所事事而感到的乏味相比，几乎算不了什么。
C．The first two must be equal for all who are being compared，if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made．
如果就智力进行比较的话，前两个因素对所有要比较的人必须是一样的。
37. COMPETITION: enter/get into competition with
in competition with/for
A．In the Olympic Games，women not only cannot win any medals in competition with men，the gulf between them is so great that they cannot even qualify for the contests with men．
在奥运会上，女运动员在同男的竞争中不仅不能夺奖牌，而且他们之间的鸿沟这么大，她们甚至没有资格和男运动员同场竞技。
B．It would also place him in competition with other workers，which
would be playing into the bosses’hands．
这样做还会把他置于同其他工人的竞争中，而这正中老板之意。
38. CONCENTRATION: the concentration of
A．The lack of goods，services，and household aids，brought on by the country's concentration on heavy industry at the expense of consumer goods, affects women much more than men．
国家重视重工业，忽视消费品生产，由此带来的商品、服务设施和家用器具的短缺对女士的影响要比男士的大。
B．Strong economic and social currents encourage the continued concentration of the urban population which otherwise might disperse into more sparsely settled areas．
经济和社会的向上形势鼓励人们不断向城市集中，要不然的话这些人口会分散到人口较少的地区。
39. CONCERN: there is/express/arouse/show/give concern
over/for/about/with
A．I have a deeper concern about higher education and the current national mood．
我对高等教育和目前国家形势所处的状态的深深关切。
B．Meanwhile the public show little concern about the danger of total destruction by nuclear weapons：a possibility people are consciously aware of．
同时公众对核武器造成的全球毁灭的危险很少关心，虽然他们意识到这种可能性。
40. CONSIDERATION: give consideration/thought to;
take sth. into consideration
A．All the argument sounds logical，but it is obvious that no consideration is to be given to his concern for either the women or the children．所有这些论点听上去有道理，但它没有考虑到对妇女或者对孩子的关心。
41. CONNECTION: there is/bear connection to
A．It also enables us to tell ourselves that the despair of homeless people bears no intimate connection to the privileged existence we enjoy-- when，in fact，we rent or purchase one of those restored townhouses that once provided shelter for people now huddled in the street．同时也使我们告诫自己，无家可归者的绝望和我们享受到的特权生活没有密
切关系的。而实际上，我们租的或买的那些修建过的市中心房子，曾经是现在流浪街头人的住所。
42. CONSCIOUSNSS: a national/world/class/ deep consciousness
A．In other words，the world of urban America as a dark place undeserving of support or help has become fixed in the American consciousness．And we are paying for that attitude in our cities today．
换句话说，美国城市作为一个黑暗的地方，不值得投资和帮助，这种想法已深深扎根于美国人民的思想意识中。今天我们的城市正在为这种态度付出代价。
B．Further study and better public understanding are needed，of course． But what is essential is a global consciousness．
当然，需要进一步研究和更好地理解公众，当然，更为重要的是全球的意识。C．the moral consciousness of a nation一个民族的道德意识
recover national consciousness恢复民族意识
It has awakened millions to political consciousness.
它唤起了千百万人的政治觉悟。
43. CONTACT: come into/establish/create/need/ regain/retain/strengthen
(close/frequent/understanding) contacts with/between; bring/take sb.
into contact with
A．But our modern world of music also brings us into contact with music that is not always so quickly grasped.
然而，现代音乐世界却也让我们总是不能很快理解接触的音乐。
B．Hence，it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are all likely to have exerted some influence in shaping our attitudes，interests and even skills relevant to how we handle leisure．
因此可以这么说，我们在这些不同的环境所接触到的人们，很可能对我们的态度和兴趣的形成、甚至包括如何处理有关空闲时间的能力产生一定的影响。C．National governments，also，will be brought into closer and closer contact with science．
同时，这将使各国政府同科学保持越来越密切的联系。
44. CONTRIBUTION: make a contribution to society/ human A．“Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great，”said Dean Keith Simonton．
西门顿教务长说，“长期为人类文明作出贡献的人是伟大的。”
B．Their increasing demand for continuing education offers unprecedented opportunities for universities to increase and extend their
contributions to society．
他们对继续教育的不断要求给大学以空前的机会来增加和扩大对社会的
贡献。
45. CONTROL: exert control over; bring ... under control
A. Yet studies show that job satisfaction comes less from how much people
earn than from the challenge of their jobs and the control they are able to exert．
调查表明，工作所提供的满足不是来自攒多少钱，而是来自工作的挑战和对工作的控制力。
B．To protect the value of their invested capital, venture capitalists desire control over various corporate decisions．
为保障其投入资本的价值，风险资本家希望对公司的各种决定进行控制。C．However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generate information that comes to you．
然而，对曾经用来给你提供信息的媒体几乎没有什么控制。
D．But although this form of genetic engineering will give us great control over mankind's future, there are several reasons for caution．
但是,虽然这种基因工程会让我们极大地控制人类的未来，我们还是有诸多理由表现出谨慎。
46. CONVICTION: confirm/express/deepen/hold/ voice the conviction;
carry/bring conviction to sb.; have/there is a strong/widespread conviction that；be in the conviction that
A．He is in the full conviction that real knowledge is the end product of a thorough study of the history．
他深信，只有对历史加以透彻研究，才能真正学到知识。
B．confirm a conviction维持原判
bring conviction to sb使某人信服
His words carried conviction.他的话令人信服。
deepen one’s conviction加深某人的信念
She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.她坚持认为电视对儿童有害。
47. CORRELATION: there is/find correlation between
A．If he is bored and secure，he may invest very little--there being no necessary correlation between time devoted and emotion invested．如果他感到厌烦但又安全，他可以几乎不用投资，因为在奉献的时间和投资的精力之间没有必然的联系。
B．Yet when they studied the various sleep stages, they found no correction between sleep physiology and unhappy mood．
然而，当他们研究不同的睡眠阶段时，他们便发现睡眠生理学与不愉快的心情毫无联系。
48. CREDIBILITY: lose/enhance the credibility of/with
A．For the emerging company the association with a corporate partner may not only enhance the emerging company's balance sheet，but may enhance its credibility with customers，supplier investors and others．
对于新兴公司而言，与大公司合伙人联合，不仅可以使公司的资产负债表大为改观，而且还可以提高客户、供应商、投资者和其他人对公司的信任度。B．“Lies also do harm to those who tell them：harm to their integrity and in the long run，to their credibility.
谎言也伤害说谎者自己，损害他们的真诚，并最终损害他们的信誉。
49. CRITICISM: be subjected to (harsh/sharp) criticism; challenge
/defy/excite/invite/offer/resent/tolerate/ survive
(considerable/hostile/frank/severe/harsh) criticism; come under (fierce/sharp) criticism for
A．A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit.
对美国文化最常见的批评是其过分追求物质商品而忽视人的精神因素。
B．White collar office workers，too，have come under criticism recently for robbing their bosses of their full-time services．
最近白领工作者同样受到批评，说他们没让他们的雇主得到全日制服务。C．In a sense，science fiction is criticism of reality．
从某种意义上来说，科幻小说是对现实世界的批评。
D．defy every criticism拒不接受任何批评
excite/arouse/provoke/stir up criticism引起批评
invite/welcome customers’criticisms欢迎顾客批评
offer some criticisms of the argument brought forward by Mr. Smith 对史密斯先生提出的论点提几点批评意见
50. CULTIVATION: the cultivation of personality/skill
A．Those with a better education and in professional occupations may tend to seek recreation and personal development(eg．cultivation of skills and hobbies)in leisure．
那些接受过较好教育的专业人员可能在空闲时更倾向于寻求娱乐和个人发展(如培养技能和爱好等)。
B．Second is，the development of character，especially the cultivation of military virtues such as obedience，loyalty，strength of will, self-control，capacity for sacrifice, and pride in responsibility．第二是培养一个人的性格，尤其是军事素质如服从、忠诚、意志力、自控力、牺牲精神和责任感。
51. CURE: there is/develop no cure for
A．Needs are limited，but not greeds．Science has developed no cure for envy，so our wealth boosts our happiness only briefly while shrinking that of our neighbors．
需要是有限的，而贪婪是没有止境的。科学并没有研制出克服妒忌的良方。
所以财富也只可以有限地增进我们的幸福，而同时却会损害我们邻居的幸福。
52. DEMAND: there is an increasing demand (pressure) for
A．The fear may also bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of law-and-order politicians．
这种恐惧心理带给人们的是：要求警察的保护和选举执法官的呼声越来越高。
B．As the world demand for new information technologies continues to experience unprecedented growth，a significant portion of available venture capital funds call be expected to be funneled into information, technology throughout the world in the next few years．
由于世界各国的需求，新信息技术继续以前所未有的速度增长，今后几年，世界各地的风险资本基金的大部分可望投入信息技术部门。
53. DENIAL: the denial of
A．His denial of our petition caused the students to rebel．由于他拒绝了我们的请求，引起了学生们的反抗。
B．The need for gratitude is something we all feel，and denial of it can do much to harm the spirit of kindness and cooperation．
我们都需要感激，因此拒绝接受就会损害友好和合作的精神。
54. DEPARTURE: make/justify/mark a new departure in/from the traditional value/old method
A．make a new departure成为一个新的开始
His dictionary marked a new departure in lexicography.
他的词典标志了词典学的新起点。
A departure was made from old custom.背弃旧习俗。
There are occasions justifying departure from custom.
有时违背惯例是有道理的。
55. DEVOTION: have devotion to
A．Devotion to that land has been the source of conflict in this area in the last decade．
人们对土地的热爱是过去10年中地区矛盾冲突的根源。
B．Success factor is largely a matter of luck-being in the right place at the right time．Others speak of utter devotion to work，combined with a degree of ruthlessness．
成功的因素主要是运气，即在合适的地方和合适的时间。但有的人认为是对工作极端的献身精神，加上一定程度的残忍。
C．Young people have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort．They are not anxious
social climber, and they have no devotion to material things．
年轻人自由自在，他们并不为自私的抱负、舒适的追求所束缚。他们不急于爬社会的阶梯，他们不想投身物质利益的追求。
56. DESIRE: (have)a desire to/for
A．It is a product of Americans’ increasing prosperity and of their desire to own a piece of land．
这是美国人日益繁荣和有一块土地的愿望的结果。
B．Driven by the government's desire for a credible auto industry and by their own need to achieve economics of scale．automakers have embarked on expansion programs that envisage annual output of 600 000 vehicles by the mid－1990s．
政府有建立可信的轿车工业的愿望，企业有实现其规模经济效益的需要。受这两个因素的驱动，轿车生产厂家开始实施一系列发展规划，指望在20世纪90年代中期，轿车年产量可达60万辆。
57. DESIRABILITY: question/prove the desirability（好处；可取之处） of A．They questioned the desirability and utility, in the light of the international situation，of continuing the search for such a definition.
鉴于当时的国际形势，对于继续谋求这样一个定义是否可取或是否有用，他们表示怀疑。
B．This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of prime importance to business and industry．
这场有关持续经济发展的辩论对商业和工业都非常重要。
C．Nobody doubts the desirability of good health.
没有人会怀疑健康的好处。
58. DISAGREEMENT: express/there is disagreement
A．express one’s disagreement with表达某人与…的不同意见
59. DISCOVERY: (make) the discovery of
A．A young man's first car is less a means of transportation than a monument to this discovery of youthful freedom．
一个年轻人的第一辆汽车与其说是一种交通工具还不如说是发现年轻人自由
的标志。
B．He is doomed to a wasted life；he has as little prospect of making a scientific discovery as an electronic brain has．
他注定要虚度一生。他就像电脑一样。不大可能做出任何科学发现。
60. DISPLAY: make/with a display of
A．The public display of fear，sorrow，anger，and irritation reveals a lack of self-discipline that should be avoided by the Positive Women just as much as by the Positive Man.
在公众场合表现出害怕、伤感、气愤和恼怒是缺乏自控能力的表现，而作为“自信女士”和“自信男士”都应该避免。
B．make a display of炫耀，卖弄；表示
make a display of one’s wealth炫耀自己的财富
He made a great display of his learning.他大肆卖弄自己的学问。
make a display of one’s affection表示亲热
61. DISSATISFACTION: there is/express/voice/cause a deep/growing/
widespread dissatisfaction with
A．Those reporting a supportive home, work and social life remained far healthier than those expressing dissatisfaction with their private and work lives.
那些说他们有一个能支撑的家、稳定的工作和社会生活的人要比那些表示对他们的生活和工作不满的人健康得多。
B． Even so，social analysts see no early end to the growing dissatisfaction of women that is causing many to seek an outlet by running away from home and family．
即使如此，社会分析家们认为妇女的日趋不满不会很快消失，而这种不满造成许多人通过出走家庭来发泄。
62. DIVERSITY: There is/obtain wide/ great diversity of opinion as to A．The division of labor brought diversity of occupation and with it individual variability.
劳动分工给职业带来多样性，伴随的是个人的变化。
B．Mary has a great diversity of interests.玛丽的兴趣非常广泛。
63. DRAIN: a great/heavy drain on
A．Dropout is more than an academic failure．It is thought of as a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity．
退学不仅仅是学习上的失败。它还被认为是对教师宝贵时间的浪费，是对早已紧缺的大学资源的消耗。
B．The rapidly increasing drain on resources comes not only from the population explosion but also from the “expectation explosion”.
不仅是人口的快速增长，同样，不断膨胀的期望都迅速耗尽了国家的资源。C．brain drain人才外流
D．Defense costs have been a heavy drain on the country’s resources.
国防开支严重地消耗了该国的财力。
64. EAGERNESS: one's eagerness to do sth.
A．In their eagerness to extend a popular brand’s recognition and reputation to a new type of product，managers often overlook basic problems with the fit between the old name and the new item．
经营者们因渴望将著名品牌的信誉展现到一种新产品上，而常常忽视了旧名称和新产品之间“一致”的一些基本问题。
65. EFFECT: exert/have a harmful effect on
A．Although they did have some influence，heavy television viewing still showed a significant effect．
虽然它们确实有些影响，但是过多地看电视还会显示其重大影响。
B．A highway code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate．
被大家普遍接受的公路法规对降低事故只会产生显著而有利的影响。
66. EFFICIENCY: improve/raise/increase/decrease/lower the efficiency of A．It is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry，and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds．
显然，一个国家的经济实力和这个国家的农业、工业产出的效率有直接关系，而这一点又依赖于各个领域的科学家和技术人员的努力。
67. EFFORT: make/have/exert a(great/tremendous/ persistent/sustained)
effort to
A．If clear definitions of academic dishonesty have been developed, and if a reasonable effort has been made to in form students that such offenses ale treated seriously，the appropriate punishment for a willful offense should be some form of separation from the university．如果学习上的作弊定义清楚，如果做出恰当的努力使学生知道这种作弊要受到严肃处理，那么对故意作弊的惩罚应当是开除出大学。
B．India is making a determined effort to bring down its birth rate， which is currently about 35 per l 000，more than twice that in the United States．
印度正在作坚决的努力把出生率降下来，而目前的出生率是35％，是美国的两倍多。
68. EMANCIPATION: represent an emancipation from errors/prejudice/
control
A．It can argued that all this represents a welcome emancipation from Victorian morality, and that it is a wholesome affirmation of
independence．
人们认为：所有这些代表了对维多利亚道德观的一种可喜的解放，是对独立的全盘肯定。
B．emancipation of women from discriminative treatment
妇女从受歧视的待遇中解放出来
69. EMIGRATION: the emigration of people
A．Many Third World nations with high unemployment and low wages have seen an emigration of workers to the developed nations．
在很多失业率高、工资低的第三世界国家里出现了工人移居到发达国家的现象。
70. EMPHASIS: place/put emphasis on
抽象与具体译法
中国人的思维方式和西方人不同，西方人喜欢抽象，长于分析；而中国人喜欢具体，长于综合。由于风俗和语言上的差异，西方人习惯使用含有抽象意义的词语表达思想。此类句子在译成中文时如果处理不当，译文就会晦涩难懂，很别扭。因此，在进行英汉翻译时，应注意汉语习惯，对句子或词语进行妥善处理，力求使译文流畅、准确，使隐形的信息具体化、概括化。 1．将抽象名词（或代词）具体化 西方人在英语中经常使用抽象的概念来表示具体事物。在英语译为汉语的过程中，大多数情况下，将抽象化为具体，有助于提高译文质量。 1）I have too much to tell you and don't know what to begin with．我有许多话要对你说，却不知道从何说起。（原句中的much译为“许多话”，使译文流畅。） 2）Was ever such nonsense written？这样荒唐的东西有人写过吗？（nonsense“胡说八道、废话”在句中被译为“荒唐的东西”，译得恰到好处。） 3）The workshop director issued a communication outlining the details of the work to be done on the shutdown and safety rules to be followed during the work．车间主任签发了一份通知，概括了停机期间的工作项目以及工作中要遵守的安全规则。（communication意为“通讯、联络、传达”，译文中转译成“通知”，保持上下文自然通顺。） 4）You may have something of Roosevelt，something of a Newton in yourself；you may have something very much greater than either of these men manifested waiting your help to give it expression．你或许有罗斯福的才能，牛顿的智慧，你或许具有比他们两人更加伟大的本领，在等待着你将它表现出来。（句中三个something分别被译为“才能”、“智慧”、“本领”，充分展示出该词在特定的场合的丰富内涵。） （5）The need for engineers who can view the whole area of engineering，wide and complicated as it is ，as a single of field of operation of a few laws and methods
英语作文中常用替换高级词汇
中常用替换高级词汇 （一） ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue
精心整理英语作文常用的高级词汇
高考英语作文中常用的替换词 1.individuals, characters, folks 替换（ people, persons） 2.positive, favorable, rosy （美好的） ,promising（有希望的） ,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good 3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill （有害的）替换 bad 如果 bad 做表语 ,可以有 be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation , as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.（ an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most）替 换 many. 注：用 many, if not most 一定要小心， many 后一定要有词。 most， if not all ，Eg. Many individuals ，if not most ，harbor the idea that同理?用. 替换 most. 5.a slice of, quiet a few, several替换 some 6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that）替 think （因为是书面语，所以要加 that） 7.affair, business, matter替换 thing 8.shared 替换 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits 10.for my part, from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11.Increasing（ly ）, growing 替换 more and more（注意没有 growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing。修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly 13. ?? beneficial, rewarding替换 helpful 14.shopper,client, consumer, purchaser替换 customer 15.exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换 very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换unnecessary,??avoidable
英语作文常用词
常用词： 重要的： key, crucial, imperative critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable 急剧地： dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably 认为： think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue,, harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that, be firmly convinced, be fully co nvinced … 优势： advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 句子： 倒装： So expensive is food because of inflation that I could only afford food in students’ canteen. Not only must we be confident of our own future, we mus t also be ready to cope with any sort of setbacks. Only in this way/under successful control of/under special circumstances/after careful considerations can we……. （常用于解决问题型的作文） Only under successful control can we minimize the negative impacts and maximize positive impacts. 段落： 1. 引言段常采用的典型句式: It is commonly accepted/ thought that … There is a general debate/ discussion/ tendency (these days) that… There is no consensus of opinions among people as to .... Recently, there has aroused a controversial/heated debate/contention as to/ove r… It is well known to us that modern science plays an increasingly important role in our life. As is known to us, the problem of human population has long been a subject of discussion among the peoples of various countries of the world. We shouldn't ignore the fact that many cities are confronted with the problem of heavy traffic. No one can have failed to notice the fact that… 2．常见主体句子 1）观点类 1. Some people prefer living in the countryside, while others feel inclined to a life in big cities. 2.Some people believe the reason lies in industry，while others maintain it is good luck that gives rise to the success. Still others claim both the industry and good luck play an essential part. 3. When asked about/When it comes to/Faced with …most people claim that…, but others regard/consider differently. They argue that…. I am inclined to take the … side. 2).表示原因 1. Many factors lead/contribute to the trend of increasing in examination.
抽象与具体在英汉互译中的运用
抽象与具体在英汉互译中的运用 西方人喜欢抽象，中国人喜欢具体。西方人喜欢具体是因为一抽象思维被认为是一种高级思维(superior mind)，是文明人的一种象征(mark of civilized man)．随着科学技术的发达和文明社会的进步，原有的感性表达方式已不足以表达复杂的理性概念，因而需要借助于抽象、概括的方法。这正如H．Jacobi所说的：……abstract methods of diction were more and more needed as the sphere of ideas to be expressed became narrower and narrower．”此外，许多作者为了显耀其思想深奥而故弄玄虚、追随时尚，也嗜好抽象表达。二，抽象词语意义模糊，便于掩饰作者含混(cloudy)或真实的思想，以迎合其某种表达的需要，因而也得以流行。E．Gowers 指出，“Unfortunately the very vagueness of abstract words is one of the reasons for their popularity．To express one?s thoughts accurately is hard work，and to be precise is sometimes dangerous．We are tempted to prefer the safer obscurity of the abstract．It is the greatest vice of present-day writing．”这种不良的文风常常表现在过分使用涵义抽象、内容虚泛、语气庄严的大字眼(pompous words)，有时简直到了装腔作势、令人难以捉摸的地步：
英语作文 常用替换高级词汇
英语作文中常用替换高级词汇 (一) ★形容词： 1、贫穷得:poor = needy ＝impovｅrishｅd ＝ poverty-strｉcｋｅｎ 2、富裕得:rich ＝ wealｔhy = affluent ＝ welｌ－to-dｏ= well-oｆf?3、优秀得:eｘｃellent = emｉnent ＝ top = oｕｔsｔandｉng 4、积极得,好得:good = conducive = benefｉcｉal=ａｄvanｔａgeoｕs?5、消极得,不良得:ｂａｄ = deｔriｍeｎtaｌ= ｂanｅfｕl ＝undesｉrable 6、明显得:obvious = aｐpaｒｅnｔ = eｖiｄent =maniｆesｔ 7、健康得: healthy ＝ robust = sｏunｄ = ｗhoｌｅsｏme ８、惊人得:surpｒｉsing = aｍazing = ｅxtraorｄiｎａry ＝ mirａｃｕlous?9、美丽得:beaｕtiful = attｒactivｅ = goｒgeous = eye-catching?1０、有活力得:ｅnergｅｔｉc = dynaｍiｃ= vigｏroｕs =animateｄ11?、流行得：ｐopulａr = ｐrｅvailing = pｒeｖａlenｔ= pervasｉvｅ ★动词: 1、提高,加强:imｐrｏｖe = ｅｎhａnce= pｒoｍｏte = ｓtrengthen = optiｍizｅ ２、引起:caｕse = ｔriggeｒ= eｎｄanger? ３、解决:solve ＝resolvｅ =addｒess = ｔackle =cope with = ｄeal ｗｉth 4、拆除:dｅstroy = ｔear ｄowｎ = knock ｄｏwn = erａdｉcatｅ 5、培养: dｅvelｏｐ = cultivate = fostｅr = ｎurｔｕre 6、激发,鼓励:enｃoｕrａge = moｔｉvaｔe ＝ｓtｉｍｕｌaｔｅ = ｓｐｕｒ 7、认为：thiｎk = ａssert= ｈold = claiｍ= ａrguｅ ８、完成：plete = fｕｌfiｌl ＝ａｃplｉsｈ= ａcｈiｅve 9、保留:keep = pｒesｅrve ＝ rｅｔaｉn = ｈold 11、10、有害于:destroy = impａir ＝undeｒmｉne = jeopａｒdｉze?
英语作文常用高级词汇
（冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用后面的词去替换前面）We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more: increasingly, Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important: significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe，think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged t hat, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that，It goes without saying that，It is self evident that，It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that，It comforts one to know that… ◆常见替代词汇解释 1. accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 2. adequate: “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。 3. advance: 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。 4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。 5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 相当于in addition（除此之外）。 8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。 9. approach / channel: “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等。 10. approve of something: “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。 11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。
英语常用高级词汇
1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) The way you and I approach today, and each day, is crucial. 我们对待今天以及每一天的式都是至关重要的。 Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable. 无论在工作中还是在家里，目标都是从事个人重大的并且令人愉快的活动。 https://www.360docs.net/doc/0114494182.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) Music has been called the universal language. 人们称音乐为世界的语言. Happiness is ubiquitous, may fall short of demand. 幸福无处不在,可还是供不应求. 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) He has received ample praise for the work he did. 他所做的工作，使他获得了广泛的赞美。 This place has plentiful material resources. 这地的物质资源是丰富的。 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。 The children cling to their father for more pocket money. 孩子们粘着爸爸，要他再给些零花。 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) Focus in the person who are talking with you,ignore something else. 把全身的注意力都集中在与你谈话的人身上，忽略其他。 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) His house is adjacent to mine. 他的寓所与我的相毗连。
(完整word版)英语作文常用高级词汇
英语作文常用高级词汇 ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold 10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten ★名词： 1. 影响：influence= impact 2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard 3. 污染：pollution = contamination 4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race 5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
(完整版)高中英语作文常用关联词及高级词汇
高中英语作文常用关联词及高级词汇 A、常用关联词 一、表示递进关系的关键词语additionally 加之；又 besides 此外；除……之外equally important 同样重要的是furthermore 此外；而且 in addition 另外 in other words 换句话说 last but not least 最后但同样重要的是moreover 而且；此外 that is to say 即；就是；换句话说what’s more 而且；此外 二、表示转折关系的关键词语 although 虽然；尽管 at the same time 同时；但是 despite 不管；尽管；不论even if 即使 even though 即使 however 然而；可是 in spite of 不管 instead 代替；而不是nevertheless 然而；不过 on the contrary 正相反 otherwise 另外；不同地regardless of 不管；不顾 still 依然；仍然 though 虽然；可是 while 而 yet 然而；但是；仍三、表示选择关系的关键词语either…or………或…… instead of………，而不是……neither…nor………和……都不……not…but…不是……而是……rather than…宁可；胜过whether…or not 是否 四、表示比较关系的关键词语 compare with/to 与……比较equally 相等地；平等地 in comparison with 与……比较 in contrast 相反；大不相同 in contrast to 和……对比 in the same way 同样地 instead 代替；改为 on the contrary 正相反 while 而 五、表示因果关系的关键词语accordingly 因此；从而 as a result of 作为结果 because （of）因为 consequently 从而；因此 due to 由于；应归于hence 因此；从此 in that 由于；因为；既然now that 因为；既然 on account of 由于 owing to 由于；因……的缘故so 所以 so that 所以 thanks to 由于 therefore 因此；所以 thus 因此 六、用于表示总结的关键词语 above all 最重要的是accordingly 于是 as a consequence 因此 as has been noted 如前所述 at last 最后 briefly 简要扼要地 by doing so 如此 certainly 当然地；无疑地consequently 因此 eventually 最后 hence 因此 in a word 总之 in brief 简言之 in conclusion 总之；最后 in short 简而言之 in summary 简要地说 in sum 总之；简而言之obviously 显然 on the whole 总体说来；整个看来
英语作文常用单词与句子
（一）表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。 at first 最初for one thing…（for another） at present 现在；当今首先…（其次）… currently 目前；最后recently最近 first（ly）第一in general 一般说来 in the beginning 起初one the one hand…（on the other hand）to begin with 首先；第一一方面…（另一方面） first of all 首先；第一generally speaking 一般地说 in the first place 首先；第一on the whole 总起来说 lately 最近to start with 首先；第一 presently 现在；此刻now 现在 （二）有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。 after/after that/afterwards此后by this time 此时 after a few days 几天以后certainly 无疑地；当然地 after a while过了一会儿therefore 因此；结果 also/too 并且；又for example 例如 at the same time 同时for instance 例如 beside 此外for this purpose 为了这个目的 Besides/what,s more 而且；此外from now on 从此 in addition 此外second 第二；第二点 in addition to…除…之外secondly 第二 in fact 事实上similarly 同样地 in other words 换句话说so 所以 in particular 特别（地）soon 不久 in the same way 同样地still 仍然 by the way 顺便提一句then 然后 indeed 的确third 第三；第三点 meanwhile 与此同时thirdly 第三 moreover 而且，此外for another 其次 no doubt 无疑地such as 正如 obviously 明显地later 后来 of course当然truly 事实上；真实地 particularly特别地unlike …不像……；和……不同 what is more 而且；此外 （三）有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。after all 毕竟fortunately 幸运地 all the same 依然；照样however 然而；无论如何 anyway 无论如何in spite of 尽管……；虽然…… at the same time同时；然而luckily 幸运地 but 但是by this time 此时 though/although 尽管no doubt 无疑地 in/by contrast 对比之下on the contrary 相反地 even though即使否则 still 仍然unfortunately不幸地
高考英语作文可用的复杂句型和高级词汇
高考英语作文可用的复杂句型和高级词汇 表示原因 1There are three reasons for this 2The reasons for this are as follows 3The reason for this is obvious 4The reason for this is that 5We have good reason to believe that 例如There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life Firstly people’s living standard has been greatly improved Secondly most people are well paid and they can afford what they need or like Last but not least more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life注如考生写第一个句子没有把握可将其改写成两个句子。如Great changes have taken place in our life There are three reasons for this这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 表示好处 1It has the following advantages 2It does us a lot of good 3It benefits us quite a lot 4It is beneficial to us 5It is of great benefit to us 例如Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 表示坏处 1It has more disadvantages than advantages 2It does us much harm 3It is harmful to us 例如However,everything divides into two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy. if we spend too much time watching television. 表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1.It is important necessary difficult convenient possible for sb to do sth 2.We think it necessary to do sth 3.It plays an important role in our life 例如Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon,computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age 表示措施 1We should take some effective measures 2We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties★注意括号内高级词汇的使用。 3We should solve the problems that we are faced (confronted) with★注意括号内高级词汇的使用。 例如: The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore we must take some effective measures to solve it.
英语作文常用连接词及作文万能模板
一、连接词类型 1.表因果：because ，since as ，now that，therefore，thus，so，as a result (of)，because of=on account of ，due to …,owing to, thanks to ，for this reason，if so，if not 2;表转折（然而）： yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, how ever, at the same time 3.表解释说明： that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, an d so on, and th e like等。 4.表递进强调： not only…but (also), what，s more, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。besides 况且what's more 更重要地是thus 这样above all 首先indeed 的确in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上in other words 换句话说in that case 那样的话or rather 更确切地说particularly 特别地 5.表总结： in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之generally speaking 一般说来in short 简言之in conclusion=lastly 最后地on the whole从总体来看、大体上therefore 因此thus 这样as has been mentioned 正如所提到的it is quite clear that 很显然there is no doubt that 毫无疑问it is well-known that 大家都知道as we all know=as is known to us all 大家都知道as/so far as I know 据我所知to sum up= in summary 总之 6.表时序 Firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, next then, lastly 7.表列举 for example＆for instance 例如：……namely 即……that is (to say) 也就是说such as 如……take…for example 拿……来说 8、表增补 and 而且both…and 不但……而且not only…but also 不但……而且as well as 不但……而且also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且in addition 并且apart from 除了……之外what's more 而且、更重要的for another 另一方面worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是including 包括 9.表结果 Evidently ，first of all，undoubtedly，therefore，as a result，thus，accordingly，consequently 二、作文连接词应用