制度实施中的问题、原因和对策研究

上海交通大学

硕士学位论文

我国现行财产申报制度实施中的问题、原因和对策研究

姓名：吴明昇

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：公共管理

指导教师：彭勃

20081109

我国现行财产申报制度实施中的问题、原因和对策研究

摘要

财产申报制度是抑制腐败的有效措施。在众多国家的实践中，充分地证明了它具有防止权力滥用，有效地惩治和预防腐败的功能。规范化的财产申报制度，有助于提高国家工作人员廉洁自律的自觉性，有助于政府有关部门依法对公务员的经济收入及财产状况进行审查，有助于社会公众对公务员实施监督。中国的反腐败战略在20世纪90年代后期发生了重要调整，在继续发挥教育和惩治作用的同时，进一步加强了制度在廉政建设中的作用。财产申报制度作为一项有价值的反腐败手段，也得到了我国政府的重视，但是，我国现行财产申报制度实施以来没有起到预期的作用。

笔者试图通过研究，达到“三个实现”的目的,即推动并实现我国财产申报制度的规范化和法制化，实现财产申报制度有效地惩治和预防腐败的功能，实现反腐倡廉工作的关口前移。本文通过对国内外研究情况的综述，阐述了财产申报制度的基本理论和发展历史，论述了建立财产申报制度的理论依据，在吸收前人研究成果的基础上，紧密结合实际，重点研究了我国现行财产申报制度实施以来的问题和原因，并提出了相应的对策措施。

第一，分析现行财产申报制度实施中存在的问题。紧密联系我国反腐败工作的实际以及财产申报具体操作实际，对现行财产申报制度实施中存在的问题进行了分析。研究发现：我国现行财产申报制度实施多年鲜有实

效，在运行中一直处于失灵状态；制度执行软弱无力，例行公事；制度的实际操作价值有限，不能适应反腐败工作的现实需要；制度没有得到很好的遵守，不如实申报的情况确实存在。

第二，具体分析造成这些问题的原因。研究发现：主体异化导致制度推行不力；制度设计不科学，可操作性不强；制度实施机制缺乏，制度难以全面落实；执行监督不力，制度目标实现困难。

第三，针对问题和原因，提出相应对策。本文立足于制度反腐败体系建构，借鉴国外有益的经验，针对我国现行财产申报制度实施以来的问题和原因，从反腐败的实际和源头防治腐败的角度出发，提出完善财产申报制度建构，强化制度操作的对策和创新建议。具体包括：转变思想观念，加快立法进程；注重操作性，建立完善的国家工作人员家庭财产申报制度；健全制度实施机制，有效推进制度的落实；强化监督控制，确保制度取得实效。由于这方面研究成果不多，所以本文在思考和研究上还有些许不成熟的地方，但是希望通过这一研究，能够对我国财产申报制度起到“添砖加瓦”等助推作用。

关键词：反腐败，财产申报制度，问题，原因，对策

THE RESEARCH OF THE PROBLEMS, CAUSES AND COUNTERMEASURES OF CHINA'S EXISTING PROPERTIES

DECLARATION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

The properties declaration system is an effective measure to restrain corruption. It is proof from the experience of a lot of countries that the properties declaration system has the functions of preventing power from abusing and restraining corruption. The standard properties declaration system is useful for the government and people to monitor the income and properties of officials. It can improve probity self-control of government officials. China adjusted the policy of preventing corruption during later of 90”s. China has not only continued to exert the function of education and punish, but also strengthen the system influence on incorrupt build. The properties declaration system is a valuable measure of counter-corruption and gets the more attention of china government. However, the existing properties declaration system has not got the expectant effect. The author tried to get the purpose of “Three Implements” by

study. “Three Implements” means: to perform and achieve the standardization and legality of the properties declaration system; to achieve the functions of penalizing and preventing corruption by the properties declaration system; to achieve a forward movement of counter-corruption and incorrupt. This article expounds the basic theory and developing history of declaring system of personal possessions, and expatiates on theory foundation of the properties declaration system by study previous experience in the world. The author has focused on problems of the existing properties declaration system in China, and tries to find the reasons, and proposes some suggestions.

First, author analyzes the problems of declaring system of personal possessions by studying together with practice of counter-corruption and declaring system of personal possessions. Author found that declaring system of personal possessions has been lost control during execution. The system has not been performed. The gap is between the system and practice. The officials have not followed the properties declaration system and declared wrong information.

Second, author analyzes the reasons of causing problems. Author found that no authorized department monitors the system. The system is designed without scientific view. It is not practical. The goal of the system is very hard to reach.