if引导的虚拟条件句
if引导的虚拟条件句
Ⅰ、带if的虚拟条件句
与现在事实相反:if条件句用一般过去时(动词be用 were),主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形
eg: ▪ I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I
与过去事实相反:if 条件句中用过去完成时,主句用 would(should/could/might)+have+过去分词。
If引导虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化
与将来事实相反时从句中的三种 谓语v变形:
▪ 如果她在这里,她也同意的。 ▪ If she were here, she would agree too.
had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.
▪ If you could bear the loneliness, you might succeed.
与将来事实相反(推测将来):if 条件句中用过去时, 或 should/were to+ 动 词 原 形 , 主 句 用 would (should/could/might)+动词原形。
to put off the match.
▪ He must have had an accident, or he
then____.
▪ [A]would have been here [B]should be
here
▪ [C]had to be here
[D]wou here, she would agree too. ▪ 假若明天下雨,我们只好推迟这场比赛。 ▪ If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to
if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气(最新整理)
if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。
.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。
真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。
假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。
(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。
)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。
(事实上我不可能是你。
)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。
(完整版)if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。
.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。
真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。
假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。
(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。
)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。
(事实上我不可能是你。
)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。
if引导虚拟语气的用法
if引导虚拟语气的用法1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+XXXdoeg:1.If I were you,I would take an XXX.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.假如我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没有带钱)5.If he XXX,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力)6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。
(事实:我并非陌生人)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1.If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
事实:去晚了)2.If he had XXX my advice,he would not have made such a XXX.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
事实:没有听我的话)3、透露表现对未来情形的客观推测主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/wereeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。
例如:⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。
)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。
例如:⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。
)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
if 虚拟语气的用法
if 虚拟语气的用法一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令或推测的一种语法形态。
它与现实情况相反,用来表达说话者对某种未实现或不确定事件的态度。
虚拟语气通常通过动词形式的变化来表示,包括谓语动词和从句中的动词。
二、虚拟语气的几个主要用法1. 表示假设:虚拟条件句常使用“if”引导,表示与事实相反的假设情况。
例如:“如果我会飞,我就飞去世界各地旅行。
”在这个句子中,“我会飞”是不可能实现的,所以使用了虚拟语气。
2. 表示愿望:我们可以使用虚拟语气来表达自己的愿望或期望。
例如:“我希望你能尽快好起来。
”在这个句子中,“能尽快好起来”表达了说话者对对方康复的希望。
3. 表示建议:通过使用虚拟语气,我们可以提出建议或建议他人采取某种行动。
例如:“如果你有空闲时间,你可以考虑参加英语培训班。
”在这个句子中,使用虚拟语气表达了对他人的建议。
4. 表示命令:某些情况下,我们可以使用虚拟语气来表示命令或要求。
例如:“我要你马上离开这里!”在这个句子中,“马上离开”是一个虚拟情况,用于强调说话者的命令或要求。
5. 表示推测:有时候,我们无法确定某种情况是否为真实情况,可以使用虚拟语气来表示猜测或推测。
例如:“他似乎生病了,也许应该去看医生。
”在这个句子中,“也许应该去看医生”表示推测或猜测未来可能发生的情况。
三、虚拟语气的注意事项1. 在形式上,谓语动词常为过去式(一般过去时、过去完成时)或动词原形(以下划线标记)。
2. 虚拟语气常与“if”引导的条件句搭配使用。
3. 可以使用连词“as if”和“as though”引导表达假设的从句。
四、几个常见的虚拟语气形式1. “If I were +名词”,用来表达现在或将来虚拟的情况。
例如:“If I were a bird,I would fly away.” (如果我是一只鸟,我会飞走。
)2. “If I had +过去分词”,用来表达对过去事实的虚拟假设。
if条件句虚拟语气
有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法:
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形,
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
虚拟语气中,表条件的状语从句的if可以省略,但主语必须与动词易位(也就是倒装):
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病,他可以做得更好。
If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:should+动词原形/were to+动词原形。
对现在情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could have+动词过去分词从句:had+动词过去分词。
if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句
if引导的真实语态和虚拟时态一. if 条件句if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句。
真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,能够实现的情况。
在这种情况下,主句和从句的谓语动语随各自的人称和时态发生变化,同时if条件句遵循“主将从现”的原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们去野餐。
如果if条件句用来描述说话人认为与事实相反的内容,或仅是一种愿望,假设、猜测等,我们称为虚拟条件句。
If I got rich , I would travel around the world. 如果我有钱了,我将周游全世界。
三、根据句意及括号中的提示完成句子。
1. —I often get nervous when I have an English class. What should I do?—If I were you, I . (ask the English teacher for help)2. —What would the earth be like if there ?(is no air or water on it)—It could be like the moon without any living things.3. If it ,the crops would be saved. (is to rain tomorrow)4. If we had found him earlier, we .(solve the problem more easily)5. If I hadn’t been so busy, I.(take part in the party)四、单选。
( )1. If my father here now, he tell me what to do.A. were, wouldB. were, willC. is wouldD. is will( )2. If I a bee, I work much harder.A. were, wouldB. were, shallC. had, willD. have, should( )3. If I much money, I buy a house.A. have, willB. had, wouldC. had, willD. have, should( )4. He learn more quickly if he harder.A. will, workB. would , workedC. would, workD. will, worked( )5. If I you, I do that.A. was, wouldn’t were, wouldn’t C. am, won’t D. were, won’t( )6. It’s quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow. But if it,I would still go to the park.A. should rainsB. would rainC. rainedD. had rained五、汉泽英1. 如果我是你,我会帮助她。
if引导的虚拟条件句
2. 隐藏 if 的虚拟条件句-无“条件” 的虚拟条件句条件” 的虚拟语气句子
这里所谓的“无条件”指的是句子表层没有通常 使用的if 使用的if 引起的表示条件的句子。其深层结构或 是上下文中还是有条件的。 这种条件可以用介词、名词、连词、分词短语、 动词不定式、定语从句、祈使句或是上下文等表 示出来,用的是跳层或间接的方式。 表示“无条件”的连词有with, without, 表示“无条件”的连词有with, without,but that-clause/ but, or/ else/otherwise, for/ but that-clause/ but, or/or else/otherwise, for/ even , in case of,what if(如果…将如何)。这种 of, if(如果…将如何) 句子往往是有主句而无从句。
在虚拟条件句中,有时可将引导虚拟 条件句的连词if省略,但此时应用倒 条件句的连词if省略,但此时应用倒 句型,即将从句中的were, 装句型,即将从句中的were, should, , had 等提到句首。
1. 省略if 的虚拟条件句 省略if
如果她在这里,她也同意的。 If she were here, she would agree too. →Were she here, she would agree too. 假若明天下雨,我们只好推迟这场比赛。 假若明天下雨,我们只好推迟这场比赛。 If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match.
1. 省略if 的虚拟条件句 省略if
if引导的条件句三种情况
1•对现在虚拟:条件句:一般过去时主句:could/would/+动词原形。
2•对过去虚拟:条件句:过去完成时主句:could/would have done0 3•对将来虚拟:条件句:l.were to do ;2.should do ; 3•—般过去时:主句could/would/+动词原形。
—、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用,f would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你f我会选择在小城镇工作。
(事实上我不是你)If I had a map now,we could easily get out of the forest.如果现在有地图,我们能很容易地走出森林。
(事实上是现在没有地图)注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用we©而口语中如果是单数,也可以用was,不过在if I were…中一般用were.If the world were perfect,how could we enjoy the pleasure and comfort of being successful?世界若完美,我们如何能尝到创造成功的快慰?二、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用,/would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词"形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday^ could not have caught the bus.如]果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。
(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)三、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但意义略有不同。
虚拟语气之if引导的虚拟条件句
had worked If I ____________(work)hard in Senior High, wouldn’t be I______________(not be)a miserable teacher now.
(2)虚拟条件句的省略:if虚拟条件句中若含有
were,had或should,可把if省掉,并把were,had或should
提到句首。
If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
If you were to fall ill, I would be worried. Were you to fall ill, I would be worried. If you should need anything, you could call me. Should you need anything , you could call me.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
if条件句中虚拟的特殊情况: 从句说的是过去, 主句说的是现在
如果他昨晚没有熬夜,他现在就不会如此疲 倦。(stay up) • If he had not stayed up last night, he would not be so sleepy now.
(1)错综虚拟句:当虚拟条件句所表示的与主句表示的时间不一 致时,主从句根据各自所发生的时间选用虚拟语气形式。 If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be much better now.
If引导的虚拟语气
If引导的虚拟语气
if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。
如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为:
1、(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时
2、(主句) 主语+would+动词原形过去将来时
如:If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有时间,我就会去散步。
(事实上我现在没有时间)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。
(事实上我不是你)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.
假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。
(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)。
if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气(用来表示说的话不就是事实,或者就是不太可能发生的情况,而就是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
)虚拟语气的考点:1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法;2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别:If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved、陈述语气If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved、虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真:eg 、 If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus、如果她不快点,她将错过巴士。
( 真实条件状语)(不就是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories、如果她就是空闲的,她会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不就是虚拟语气)非真:eg、 If I were you, I would go at once、如果我就是您,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句)二、虚拟语气在条件从句中:【例句】1、If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him、要就是您早来几分钟的话,您就能见到她了。
(与过去事实相反)2.If it were sunny tomorrow,i would come to see you、明天要就是天气好的话,我来瞧您。
(与将来事实可能相反)3.If i were you,i would go at once、假如我就是您的话,我会马上走。
(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能就是您)主从句的谓语形式(一)与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,例1、If I were you, I would take an umbrella、如果我就是您,我会带把伞。
if从句的三种用法
千里之行,始于足下。
if从句的三种用法if从句是英语语法中常见的一个句子结构,用于表示假设、条件或可能性。
依据具体的语境和意义,if从句有三种常见的用法:条件句、假设句和虚拟语气句。
下面将具体介绍这三种用法。
一、条件句(Conditional Sentences)条件句用于表示某种条件下的结果或后果。
它由if引导,分为三种类型:零条件句、一般条件句和虚拟条件句。
1. 零条件句(Zero Conditional Sentences)零条件句表示事实真实的条件和结果,表示的是普遍真理或状况。
它的结构通常是:if + 现在时,现在时。
例如:- If you heat ice, it melts.(假如加热冰,它会溶化。
)- If it rains, the ground gets wet.(假如下雨,地面会变湿。
)2. 一般条件句(First Conditional Sentences)一般条件句表示可能发生的条件和结果,表示的是将来可能发生的状况。
它的结构通常是:if + 现在时,将来时。
例如:- If it rains, I will stay at home.(假如下雨,我会呆在家里。
)3. 虚拟条件句(Second Conditional Sentences)虚拟条件句表示不太可能实现的条件和结果,表示的是与现实相反的状况。
它的结构通常是:if + 过去时,would + 动词原形。
第1页/共3页锲而不舍,金石可镂。
例如:- If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.(假如我有很多钱,我会环游世界。
)二、假设句(Suppositional Sentences)假设句用于表示假设、猜想或非真实状况。
它由if引导,通常是对将来可能的状况进行推想或假设。
1. 假如假设是可能的(Possible Condition)这种状况下,if从句和主句中的动词形式一般都使用现在时。
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与过去事实相反:if 条件句中用过去完成时,主句用 would(should/could/might)+have+过去分词。
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If引导虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化
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与将来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语 v变形:
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• 如果她在这里,她也同意的。 • If she were here, she would agree too. • →Were she here, she would agree too. • 假若明天下雨,我们只好推迟这场比赛。 • If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. • →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match.
certainly go to the movies with you. • If you could bear the loneliness, you might succeed.
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与将来事实相反(推测将来):if 条件句中用过去时, 或 should/were to+ 动 词 原 形 , 主 句 用 would (should/could/might)+动词原形。
虚拟语气 -------- if 引导的虚拟条
件句
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Ⅰ、带if的虚拟条件句
与 现 在 事 实 相 反 : if 条 件 句 用 一 般 过 去 时 ( 动 词 be 用 were),主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形
eg: • I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time,
• He must have had an accident, or he
then____.
• [A]would have been here
[B]should be here
• [C]had to be here
[D]would be there
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