超级无敌倒装句讲义学生学案陶涛

倒装句Inversion

主语放在谓语的前面，叫做自然语序。

谓语放在主语的前面，叫做倒装语序。

1．倒装的种类：

1）将谓语全部放在主语前面的叫全部倒装。

2）将谓语一部分（助动词/情态动词）放在主语前面的叫部分倒装。

3) 倒装用法巧记忆：（五全八部话倒装）

五全：有/时/表/地方

八部：不/只/让步/也/需/常/如此/祝福

谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看，可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前，而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语这前。

结构：

全部倒装：

①引起全部倒装的成分(放句首) + V + 主语

②表语+ 系动词+ 主语

部分倒装：

①引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + do/did/does + 主语+ V原形

②引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + can/could/might等情态动词+ 主语+ V原形

③引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + be动词(am, is, are, was, were ) + 主语+ 表语

（一）全部倒装

基本结构为“引起倒装的词或词组+ 谓语+ 主语”

1“There + be” 句型。

¤表示存在概念的状态动词，如：be ( 有各种时态变化)，exist，remain，live，lie，stand等；

¤表示某事发生或某人到达等概念的不及物动词，如：come，enter，arise，occur，follow，等

There happen +主语（碰巧）；There appear +主语

There seem +to be主语（似乎） There be going to be+主语（将会）There used +to be主语（曾经）There be likely to be+主语（很可能）

There seem to be still some elements undiscovered yet.

There came a temple near our cottage. 村庄附近有座庙。

There exist many problems among the students. 学生中存在很多问题。There is no one who really understood me. 似乎没人真正理解我。

练习(小试身手): 将下列句子改成倒装句，并翻译。

① A bridge across the river stands there. →

②Some trees in this area used to be there. →

③An unusual thing occurred at that moment there. →

④ A knock came there at the door. →

⑤ A dangerous task remains there. →

2here/ there/ in /out/ up / down/ now现在/ then那时/below/above/away 离开/ back后退/off离开/ahead前面/Thus如此，以此方式等表方位的副词开头的句子,并且句子谓语是be, stand, lie, live, exist, appear, come, go, fall, follow, end等Vi(不及物) 动词时。注意此时该句子的时态必须是一般现在时态或一般过去时态。

结构为：”adv+ 谓语(Vi或be )+ 主语”.

①Here is a ticket for you.

②There goes the bell for break.

③In came a teacher with a book in his hand.

④Out rushed the patient.

⑤Up flew the kite.

⑥Down came the heavy rain.

⑦Now comes your turn.

⑧Off went the dog.

⑨Then came the sound of shots.

⑩Below is a good cinema.

⑾Thus ended the film.

练习：将下列句子改为倒装句

①A restaurant is below. →

②The rain came down. →

③An old man with a white beard came in.→

④The horse went off. →

⑤The final result came then. →

⑥He rushed out.→

但代词做主语时，主谓语序不变

◎Out he rushed. 他跑出去了。

◎Then he left. 然后他离开了。

The bus comes here. (正常语序)

Here comes the bus. (倒装语序)

Here it comes. (正常语序)

▲The naughty boy went away. 那个顽皮的孩子走了。

▲Away went the naughty boy.

▲Away he went.

3 地点状语放句首时in the room/ under the bed/ out of the classroom/ next door to sb/ on the wall/ west of …此时谓语常为半系(be动词或表状态的不及物)动词。

结构为：“状语+ 谓语+ 主语”. 能应用在此情况下的谓语时态常为一般时态(即一般现在时和一般过去时)。

①West of the lake lies the famous city.

②At the corner stands a man selling newspapers.

③At the end of the valley lies a small lake.

④Next door live a young couple with no child.

⑤On the top of the hill stands a tower.

⑥Among the guests stood the professor.

⑦On top of the books is the photo album you are looking for.

⑧Just in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1000 years.

练习：将下列句子改为倒装句

1.Mary stood among the guests. →

2. A tower stands on the top of the hill. →

3.The manager sits behind the counter. →

但: 如果主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变.

◎In the armchair she sat.

◎A cat sleeps under the bed. (正常语序)

◎Under the bed sleeps a cat. (倒装语序)

如果含有there与表示地点的介词短语同时存在一个句子中，there 在句首+地点介词短语+谓语+ 主语，原则是there，或其他方位副词优先考虑放置在句首引起倒装。

▲There on the mountain lives an old man, who I visited several years ago.

4 表语放在句首，结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。这样做的条件：

（1）当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长, （2）为了使上下文紧密衔接（3）强调表语，

谓语常见的有：be, lie, stand, sit

表语可能是：

①adj. (如present);

Present at the meeting will be many experts from all over the world.

Happy are those who are contented. (知足常乐)

②代词such ,

Such was the result.

③介词短语，

In front of the village lies a river.

④过去分词done (如seated, gone, buried, lost, absorbed, based ) ,

Gone are the days when they could play together.

Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards.

Buried in the sands was an ancient village.

⑤现在分词doing (如working, growing, sitting表主动进行)

Sitting around him were his two children and a neighbour’s child.

Attending our ceremony are many professors and experts from all over the world.

也适用于此倒装结构，该全部倒装结构为：表语+ 系动词+ 主语

注：以上情况中若句子中同时有地点状语，首选表语提前的语序。Working in the dining-room are a few students. (不说In the dining –room are a few students working.)

5 直接引语的全部或其中的一部分位于主句之前，并且主句中的主语为名词时，主句中的主语和谓语要全部倒装。但如果主句中的主语是代词，则不宜将主句中的主谓倒装。

“You are right,” said the teacher.

“He has already left,” answered my mother.

但如果主句的谓语动词还有其他宾语时，主句不能倒装，无论主语是noun & pron.

“Why didn’t you join us!” Our monitor asked us.

“Good God!”was all he said. 他所说的只有“老天爷啊！”

6 在表示祝愿的句子中

表祝愿的句子中，用全部倒装；若谓语带有情态动词，用部分倒装Long live sth！(…万岁、长存)

May sb do! (祝愿某人…)

▲Long live China! （全部倒装）

▲Long live the People’s Republic of China!

▲Long live our friendship!

▲Long live the Communist Party of China!

▲Long live Chairman Mao!

◆May you succeed! （部分倒装）

◆May you do……!

◆May you have a pleasant trip!

◆May you stay young forever!

◆May you pass the exam!

◆May you succeed in career and marriage!

◆May you have good luck!

◆May the peace, health, wealth and happiness follow you!

◆May god bless you!

五全：有/时/表/地方

五全：有/时/表/地方

①“有”指there be 句型

②“时”指时间副词或短语（now, then）位于句首的倒装情况。

③“表”指表语提前，为了平衡句子或是为了强调而进行的倒装。

④“地”指地点副词或短语（here, there, in the front of）位于句首的倒装。

⑤“方”指方位副词（in, out, up, down, away）位于句首的倒装。

练习：小试身手

1. and caught the mouse.

A. Up the cat jumped

B. The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D. Jumped up the cat

2. and the lesson began.

A. In came Mr. Brown

B. Mr. Brown in came

C. In came he

D. Came in Mr. Brown

3. On the wall two large portraits.

A. hangs

B. hang

C. hanged

D. are hanging

4. Such the results of the experiments.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. as be

5. Now your turn to recite the text.

A. there is

B. has come

C. comes

D. will come

6. the plane.

A. Flew down

B. Down flew

C. Down was flying

D. Down flying

7 “Where is your father?” “Oh,.”

A. here comes he

B. here does he come

C. he here comes

D. here he comes

（二）部分倒装

全部倒装：

①引起全部倒装的成分(放句首) + V + 主语

②表语+ 系动词+ 主语

部分倒装：

①引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + do/did/does + 主语+ V原形

②引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + can/could/might等情态动词+ 主语+ V原形

③引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + be动词(am, is, are, was, were ) + 主语+ 表语

部分谓语放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍放在主语的面.

1．在疑问句中

How are you getting along with your work?/ Is this report written in detail? 注：如疑问词作主语或者作定语修饰主语时，不发生倒装。

2 so(也), nor/neither/no more(也不)所在句子通常表示前面一句话中的谓语所说明的情况同样也适用于另一句中的主语。

①so + v(助动词、be动词、情态动词) + 主语表“主语…也”

◎He has been to Beijing, and so have I. = and I have been to Beijing, too. ◎They went to the cinema yesterday. 你也是

◎They are fond of this kind of cartoons. 我也是

②nor/neither/no more + v(助动词、be动词、情态动词) + 主语表“主

语…也不”

◎He didn’t see the film. 她也不

◎I am not into classical music. 他们也不

◎He can’t operate the recorder. 我们也不

◎Man can’t live without air or water. 动植物也活不了。

③so +主语+ v(助动词、be动词、情态动词) 表“主语确实如此，的确如

此”

◎--- He is student. --- So he is.

◎--- You went to the cinema with your friends yesterday. --- So I did.

◎--- You forgot to turn off the lights when you left the office. --- So I did. ◎--- Are you a stranger here? --- So I am, and so is he.

④It is / was the same with sb/sth或So it is/ was with sb/sth.

▲In the past I was a student, but now I am a doctor. So it is with my brother.

▲I like swimming but I don’t want to swim today. It is the same with me. ▲In order to pay off the debts, Kate worked hard day and night for ten years. So it was with her husband.

区别：1. She is a teacher. So is her mother.

2. She wants him to be a teacher. He does so.

3. You say she is a teacher. So she is.

①You didn’t do it, and nor/neither/no more did he.

②If you d on’t go, neither will I .

③I will go there tomorrow. So will she.

=I will go there tomorrow, and so will she.

=I will go there tomorrow; so will she.

=If I go there tomorrow, so will she.

注意：若前一句含有fail或一些加前缀或后缀构成的含有否定意义的词(如dislike, disagree, careless, dishonest, unfit等)，这些词虽然具有否定意义，但仍然是肯定形式的词，结构中仍使用so。例如：

Tom failed to work out the problem, and so did I. 汤姆没能解决这个问题，我也没能。

注：

eg. --- It was cold yesterday. ---- So it was.

The doctor told him to take the medicine every day, so he did.

I like playi ng football and don’t like playing basketball. So it is with

Tom.

练习：小试身手

1. I don’t think Jack will come today,.

A. or Mary does

B. Mary will either

C. and Mary doesn’t

D. nor will Mary

2. I didn’t read the notice. .

A. So did he

B. Ne ither didn’t he

C. Nor did he

D. He didn’t ,too

3. “They have done a good job.” “.”

A. So they have done

B. So they have

C. So have they

D. So is it

3 ①not, never, no, seldom, few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, nowhere, not once，no longer,等否定意义副词或其短语放在句首，主句要部分倒装。

①Little did he know who the woman was.

②Nowhere else will you find such magnificent bargains.

③Seldom does he go to the cinema with his family.

④Never have I been to America.

⑤Not a word did he say at the meeting.

⑥No longer are they staying with us.

改写句子：

①He barely has enough money to live on. →

②Our parents seldom go to see the movie. →

③I knew little that the police were after him. →

④China will at no time first use nuclear weapons. →

⑤We shall by no means give up pursuing our goal. →

⑥He has never read this book. →

⑦I can do nothing.→

⑧I knew little about German. →

练习：小试身手

1. Never in my life such a thing.

A. I have heard of or seen

B. I had heard of or seen

C. have I heard of or seen

D. did I hear of or seen

2. Seldom TV during the day.

A. they watch

B. are they watching

C. have they watched

D. do they watch

3. nor read English.

A. Can’t he either write

B. He can neither write

C. Can he neither write

D. Neither he can write

4. Never such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.

A. have I seen

B. I have seen

C. Had I seen

D. I had seen

5. Little that she was seriously ill herself.

A. Susan knew

B. did Susan know

C. knew Susan

D. was Susan known

下列结构中的主句谓语也要部分倒装(注意：从句不倒) ：

②not only(助动词、be动词、情态动词+ 主语) (倒装), but also……(不倒装)

不但…而且…

Not only does he help me with my homework, he also tries his best to explain it to me.

Not only am I willing to go there, but I also take my family there.

Not only can this famous writer publish novels, but he can also take photos.

1. Not only a promise, but also he kept it.

A. did he make

B. he made

C. does he make

D. has he made

句子转换：

1.This book is not only interesting but also instructive.

2.The coat was not only soft, it was also warm.

3.This problem is not only very important, but it is a difficult problem to be

solved at once.

Not only … but also连接并列主语时不倒装

Not only you but also I will attend the meeting.

Not only he but also she likes English.

③no sooner had sb done … than sb did … (主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时)

Sb had no sooner done … than sb did 一…就…

He had no sooner gone out than it rained.

= No sooner had he gone out than it rained.

④hardly/scarcely/barely had sb done …when sb did…(主句用过去完成时，从句一般过去时)

一…就…

I had hardly begun to prepare for my exams when I found time was limited.

Hardly had I begun to prepare for my exams when I found time was limited.

翻译：

1.他一出去天就下雨。

2.我一开口就感到紧张。

3.爸爸一回来他就把电视关掉。

4.--- Did Linda see the traffic accident?

--- No, no sooner than it happened.

A.had she gone

B. she had gone

C. has she gone

D.

she has gone

⑤not until-clause +主句的部分倒装(助动词、be动词、情态动词+ 主语)。直到…才…

I didn’t go to bed until my father came back.

Not until my father came back did I go to bed.

It was not until my father came back that I went to bed.

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.

他不上床睡觉直到他爸爸回来。= 他直到爸爸回来才上床睡觉

不……直到…… = 直到……才……

Not until his father came back did he go to bed.

It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.

用not ... until... 来造句：(每个句子造3个)

1.多年之后我才意识到这种给予的价值。

2.直到她摘下墨镜,我才认出她是个著名的电影明星。

3.直到第二天早晨见到了Margaret,我才感到高兴。

4.直到我读了你的信,我才明白了事情的真实情况。

5.直到我开始工作才认识到我浪费了多少时间。

6.Not until I came home last night to bed.

A.Mum did go

B. did Mum go

C. went Mum

D. Mum

went

7.Not until he left his home to know how important the family was

for him.

A.did he begin

B. had he begun

C. he began

D. he has begun

8.Not until he returned from teaching three years ago having

a holiday abroad.

A.He had considered

B. had he considered

C. he considered

D. did he consider

⑥neither + 部分倒装(助动词、be动词、情态动词+ 主语) ，nor + 部分倒装(助动词、be动词、情态动词+ 主语) …既不, …也不(前后两个句子都要部分倒装)

Neither could theory do without practice, nor would practice do without theory.

He didn’t eat anything, nor did he sleep.

Neither is he wrong nor are you.

Neither on Saturday nor on Sunday do we have lessons.

Neither did they write nor did they telephone.

Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.

4 含否定意义的介词短语位于句首做状语时。如：at no time, by no means（决不）, in no case（决不）, in no way（决不）, under no circumstances (决不)，on no account (决不)，on no condition（决不）, on no consideration （决不）, in no sense（决不）, in vain(徒劳，白费力气), etc.

In no wa y can they leave freely.

By no means shall we give up.

At no time will China first use nuclear weapons.

On no account should we allow this to continue.

Under no circumstances can we destroy energy.

On no condition do I make an apology to him.

注意：否定主语放句首，句子不倒装No one can solve the problem.

5 only +状语

①only + 副词放句首如: then, lately, recently，

Only then did I know the importance of learning.

Only lately has he begun to understand the truth.

②only + 介词短语放句首如: in this way, by this means, at that time，by doing

Only in this way can we solve the problem on time.

Only by working hard are we able to pursue our dream.

Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

Only at that time did he realize his shortcomings.

Only by working together do we have more courage to face the challenge.

③only + 状语从句放句首如: if…, when…, before…, after…,

Only after the war is over can people live a peaceful life.

Only when one loses health does one know its value.

Only if you work hard can you get good grades.

Only when you graduate will you have a better understanding of learning.

④only + 宾语放句首表强调时

Only him did I see yesterday.

注意：only加主语放在句首，不用倒装

Note: Only WangLing knows this.

Only he is fit for the job.

Only socialism can save China.

练习：小试身手

1. Only then _________ how much damage had been caused.

A. she realized

B. she had realized

C. had she realized

D. did she realize

2. Only after my friend came _________.

A.did the computer repaired

B. be repaired the computer

C. was the computer repaired

D. the computer was repaired

3. _________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.

A.Only

B. Just

C. Still

D. Yet

4.Only in this way ____ to make improvements in the operating system.

A. you can hope

B. you did hope

C. can you hope

D. did you hope

5. ____ can you expect to get a rise.

A.With hard work

B. Although work hard

C. Only with hard work

D. Now that he works hard

6. Only when your identity has been checked, ____.

A.you are allowed in

B. you will be allowed in

C. will you allow in

D. will you be allowed in

7. Only then ____ how much damage had been caused.

A. she realized

B. she had realized

C. had she realized

D. did she realize

8. Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages_____ them well.

A. you can learn

B. can you learn

C. you learned

D. did you learn

9. Only after liberation _____ to be treated as human beings.

A. did they begin

B. they had begun

C. they did begin

D. had they begun

10.Only by practicing a few hours every day___ be able to master the language.

A. you can

B. can you

C. you will

D. will you

6 so… that, such…. that…句型中，若so…/ such…放句首表强调时,主句部分倒装，但从句语序无关倒装。

①So + adj. + be + 主语+ that ……

He is so busy that he can’t attend the concert.

= So b usy is he that ……

He is so clever that everyone like him.

= So clever is he that ……

③So + adv. +助动词、情态动词+ 主语+ V + that ……

He speaks so fast that I can’t understand him.

= So fast does he speak that ……

▲The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it. →

▲He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. →

▲I am so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open. →

▲You are so beautiful that everyone loves you. →

▲We had to do so much homework that we had no time to take a rest. →▲The car sped by so quickly that I cou ldn’t get a good look at his face.→

▲They agreed so little with each other that the neighboring countries could not settle their difference.→

③Such + a/an + adj. + n + be + 主语+ that ……

Such an interesting book it is that I can’t tear myself away from it. (爱不释手)

He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.

= Such a clever boy is he that ……

④Such + adj. + 复数名词+ be + 主语+ that ……

Such clever boys are they that we really admire them.

⑤Such + adj. + 不可数名词+ be + 主语+ that ……

Such polluted water is it that they need to take immediate action to clean it. ▲He is such a great poet that we all admire him. →

▲This is such an interesting film that it is worth seeing it again. →

▲They were such stupid workers that they didn’t know how to protect their own right. →

▲This is such polluted water that we can’t fetch it for daily life. →

7 在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, every two hours等某些频率副词以及well, thus等作状语位于句首时,用部分倒装. (不是指所有的频度副词，eg. 不包括：sometimes, etc.)

Many a time has he given me good advice.

We often warned them not to do so.

→Often did we warn them not to do so.

Thus was it stolen.

Well do I remember the days when we lived together.

8 在强调宾语时

Still greater contributions should we make to our socialist construction. Useful chemical fertilizer can we make from the waste liquid.

注：当前置宾语由“not a +名词”或者“not a single +名词”构成时，也会引起部分倒装。

Not a day did she spend without having some unpleasantness with waiters in the hotel.

He did not make a single mistake. →Not a single mistake did he make.

Not a single book did I read this week.

Not a moment did she waste.

Not a word did he say at the meeting.

9. 让步状语从句中的倒装

As在让步状语从句中的倒装用法结构：

①N(前零冠词) + as + 主语+ be动词

Child as he is, he know much. = Child though he is, …

= Though he is a c hild, …

= Although he is a child, …

②Adj. + as + 主语+ be动词

Clever as he is, he is not fit for this task. = Clever though he is, …

= Though he is clever, …

= Although he is clever, …

③Adv. + as + 主语+ 实意动词

Hard as he tried, he did n’t finish the project.

= hard though he tried, …

= Though he tried hard, …

= Although he tried hard, …

④V原形+ as + 主语+ be动词/情态动词

Try as he did, he couldn’t meet our demand.

= Try though he did, …

= Though he tried, …

= Although he tried, …

模仿练习：

①Though I like you much, I will never marry you .

________________________________________________________________ ②Although she might try, she could not pass the exam.

________________________________________________________________ ③Though he was surrounded by the enemy, he was not afraid.

________________________________________________________________ ④Though he was a doctor, he can’t cure his own illness.

________________________________________________________________ ⑤Though I tried, I ended up in failure.

________________________________________________________________ 练一练：

_______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A. Strange as might it sound

B. As it might sound strange

C. As strange it might sound

D. Strange as it might sound

10. 虚拟语气中的倒装句

(1).表达与过去事实相反的假设或想象：

条件从句主句

If + 主语+ had done，主语+ would/could/might/ should have done If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car.

= Had I had enough money, …

（= I didn’t have enough money, so I didn’t buy it.）

If it had not rained yesterday, we should have gone fishing.

= Had it not rained yesterday, …

(2).表达与现在的事实相反的假设或想象：

条件从句主句

If + 主语+ did，主语+ would/could/might/ should/ 动词原形

If + 主语+ were，主语+ would/could/might/ should/ 动词原形

(其中，should用于第一人称，would可用于各个人称。)

If I had enough money, I should/would buy a camera.

If I were rich, I would help the poor. = Were I rich, …

(3)表达与将来事实相反的假设或想象，有三种形式：

①条件从句主句

If +主语+ should + do，主语+ would/could/might/ should/ 动词原形(表示可能性极小“万一”)

If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go.

注意：if从句的动词形式不分人称与数，一律用“should+动词原形”

②条件从句主句

If +主语+ were to + do，主语+ would/could/might/ should +动词原形If I were to go abroad, I would go to America. 倘若我要出国，我就到美国。

③条件从句主句

If +主语+were/did，主语+ s would/could/might/ should + 动词原形If he went to the party, he would be disappointed.

(4)在条件状语从句中，常会出现主句所表示的行为所发生的时间与从句

表示的行为的时间不一致，叫做错综时间虚拟条件句，即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致。如从句指过去，而主句却指现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作出相应的调整。

If you had gone to bed early last night, you would not be so sleepy now.

If I were you, I wouldn’t have gone to the party last night.

1. If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.

2. If I had been free, I would have helped you.

3. If it should rain tomorrow, we could not go climbing.

4. If it had not been for the rain, we could have gone climbing.

5. If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.

6. If I were you now, I would have chosen to take job then.

7. If you had worked harder at school, you would be a college student now.

8. I would have caught the train if I had left a little earlier.

9. If it were not for water, no plant could grow.

10. If it had not been for your help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.

11. If I had money now, I would buy the flat.

12. If he were here now, I could ask him about it.

13. I shouldn’t have quarreled with him if I had been you then.

14. If he should be here tomorrow, I could ask him about it.

倒装句总结用法：五全八部话倒装

五全：有/时/表/地方

八部：不/只/让步/也/需/常/如此/祝福

1）五全：有/时/表/地方

①“有”指there be 句型eg. There are many lovely students in the room.

②“时”指时间副词或短语（now, then）位于句首的倒装情况。

③“表”指表语提前，为了平衡句子或是为了强调而进行的倒装。

④“地”指地点副词或短语（here, there, in the front of）位于句首的倒装。

⑤“方”指方位副词（in, out, up, down, away）位于句首的倒装。

2）八部：不/只/让步，也/需/常/如此/祝福

①“不”指否定词，否定短语或否定结构位于句首的倒装。

not, no, never，hardly, barely, little, seldom

at no time, by no means, in no way

not until

not only… but also

hardly…when, no sooner… than，Scarcely…when

②“只”指Only位于句首修饰状语的倒装。

③“让步”指as/though引导让步状语从句表示“尽管”，“虽然”，需用倒装。

④“也”指：

So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语…也和某人/某物一样

Neither/nor +be/助动词/情态动词+主语…也和某人/某物不一样

So+主语+谓语某人/某物的确是…

*当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用so it is with….句型来表示。

Eg. 1.Tom likes singing, but he doesn’t like dancing.

--So it is with Mary./It is the same with Mary.

2.Tom is in Class Two, and his classroom is over there.

--So it is with Mary.

⑤“需”指虚拟语气的倒装情况.

If 引导的条件虚拟从句中，省If 后将were, had, should提前部分倒装. Exercise: Rewrite the sentences, using partial inversion

1.If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.

2.If I had been free, I would have helped you.

3. If it should rain tomorrow, we could not go climbing.

4. If it had not been for the rain, we could have gone climbing.

⑥“常”指表频率的时间副词或短语（often, always, many a time）位于句首的倒装。

Eg. He has been to Tieling many a time.

→Many a time has he been to Tieling.

⑦“如此”指so…that和such…that 句式中so/such位于句首的倒装

So beautiful does the girl look that it is difficult for us to forget her

Such a beautiful girl is she that it is difficult for us to forget her. Exercise:

1.In Such a hurry ___to the schoolyard that he was out of breath.

A) ran he B) he ran C) did he run D) he was running

2. So badly __________ that he had to go to the hospital.

A) he injured B) was he injured

C) he was injured D) did he injure

3. So fast __________ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

A) light travels B) light traveled

C) does light travel D) did light travel

4. So little __________ about mathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me.

A) I know B) I knew C) do I know D) did I know

⑧祝福指表祝福的句子的倒装情况。

May you succeed!