2012年6月A卷)答案
2012年6月大学英语六级真题及答案解析
Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to stu dents anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring “school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms”in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of V anderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipp ed my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,”Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this app roach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete coll eges, with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
研究生学位英语2012年6月真题(附答案)
2012-6研究生学位英语考试试题Part One：ListeningPart Two：V ocabulary1．Please do not be ____ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A disregardedB distortedC irritatedD intervened2. Craig assured his boss that he would ____ all his energies in doing this new job.A call forthB call atC call onD call off3. Too much ____ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A disclosureB exhibitionC contactD exposure4. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ____, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A dimB blankC faintD vain5. It is well known that knowledge is the ____ condition for expansion of mind.A incompatibleB incredibleC indefiniteD indispensable6. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.A indistinctlyB separatelyC irrelevantlyD independently7. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to ____ her laughter.A hold backB hold onC hold outD hold up8. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ____ attitude toward customers.A impartialB mildC hostileD opposing9. I ____ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.A expressB confessC verifyD acknowledge10. It is strictly ____ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.A securedB forbiddenC regulatedD determined11. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in ____ again next spring.A assemblyB sessionC conferenceD convention12. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.A in accordance withB in terms ofC in favor ofD in honor of13. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ____ to carrying out the plan.A obligedB committedC engagedD resolved14. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ____ as well as we had hoped.A came offB went offC brought outD make out15. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ____ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A improveB enhanceC guaranteeD gear16. He left early on the ____ that he had a bad toothache and had to see the dentist.A prescriptionB pretextC knowledgeD precondition17. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of the persistent effort of all the compilers.A embeddedB embodiedC enchantedD enclosed18. The boys and girls ____ together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs.A reversedB clappedC clusteredD contracted19. The new underground railway will ____ the journey to all parts of the city.A consumeB eliminateC formulateD facilitate20. The speaker attracted the audience at the very beginning of the lecture by giving a ____ description of his personal experience.A globalB graciousC graphicD prescriptivePart Three：ReadingPassage oneThe potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize “the school of tomorrow”.Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country.After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up” period. The students will ask troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher’s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple—control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students’ levels of ability. For instance, which the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability.Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms” without disturbing the r est of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.1.This article is mainly about_______.A. televisionB. electronicsC. the schools of the futureD. communication2. Closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to_____.A. a single classroomB. one schoolC. all the classrooms in the worldD. all the classrooms in a city or country3. In the schools of tomorrow, the teacher’s desk will____.A. contain electronic equipmentB. actually be a television setC. no longer existD. look like an isolation booth4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will_____.A. all study different subjects at the same timeB. study at different levels within a subject at the same timeC. not studyD. not have to read books5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to_____.A. teach more than one class at the same timeB. retireC. teach only a small number of pupilsD. rely on TV stations onlyPassage Two：Industrial Psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction.The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research.Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologist's function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motions required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by reducing the number of working hoursor by increasing the number of rest periods, or "breaks," during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.6. From the first sentence of passage, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is to study ______.A. working efficiency that leads to the highest outputB. the working skills and the working environmentC. the techniques leading to the highest productivityD. the utilization of workers to get the greatest profit7. A test in industrial psychology is used to find out ______.A. a worker’s achievementsB. a worker's potential for a certain jobC. a worker's psychological problemD. a worker's motivation for a certain job8. The industrial psychologist’s function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former______.A. places great emphasis on maximum productionB. never cares about the increase of productionC. is mainly concerned with workers' satisfactionD. worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions9. In an industrial psychologist's mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT______.A. the steps in which work is doneB. the state of mind of a worker when workingC. the effect of working environment on a workerD. the value of the product a worker is making10. It is certain that ______.A. Two breaks in a day lead to higher productivity than oneB. working less hours can yield the highest efficiencyC. communication is increasing between the employers and employeesD. changing tools will help increase the productionPassage Three：The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added newicons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent tim es most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. create a better state of equality among the nations.D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.12. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political13. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. peopl e’s desire for devolution.B. locals’ turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.14. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identityA. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.√C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.15. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. pe ople’s mentality.B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.Passage Four：What is true? What is right? What is beautiful? Science considers what is true, starting out with almost unimaginable ideas (The earth is moving! The future is unpredictable!). The job is to understand these ideas and fit them into a broad and logical picture of the universe. Politics considers what is right. This requires broad understanding and eventual consensus of points of view that often appear incompatible. Art is the development of what is beautiful---whether through words, a musical note, or architecture.Truth, morality, beauty. It has been humanity’s persistent hope that these three ideas should be consistent with each other. Y et successful activities in science, politics, and art diverge greatly, and I believe the three activities can be pursued initially without regard to each other, or without reconciling the possible conflicts that may arise. Today, there is perceived to be a strong contradiction between the results of science and the requirements of morality; for instance, the application of science has led to the development of nuclear weapons, while international morality seems to demand that such results never be applied —— and that research leading to them should be stopped. I hold a position radically different from the general point of view, believing that contradiction and uncertainty should be enhanced.Niel Bohr loved contradiction. He would not tolerate the idea that quantum mechanics might some day supersede classical physics. For Bohr, classical physics had to remain in permanentcontradiction to quantum mechanics and the tension between them retained as a part of science. In the same way, the impacts of science, politics, and art must remain independent. We must learn to live with contradictions, because they lead to deeper and more effective understanding. The same applies to uncertainty.According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, only probabilistic predictions can be made about the future. Furthermore, small events can have important consequences. An everyday example is weather forecasting. It is fairly successful for predictions up to 5 days ahead, but if you double that period the predictions are no longer accurate. It is not clear whether long-range predictions are forever excluded, but the example does illustrate that small causes can have significant effects.This situation has an obvious analogy in free will. In a completely deterministic world, what we know as free will in humans is reduced to a mere illusion. I may not know that my actions are predetermined in some complicated configuration of my molecules, and that my decisions are nothing more than the realization of what has been inherent in the configuration of elec trons. According to quantum mechanics, we cannot exclude the possibility that free will is a part of the process by which the future is created. We can think about the creation of the world as incomplete and human beings, indeed all living beings, as making choices left open to probability.One may argue that this notion is fantastic. Indeed, Einstein firmly believed in causality, and rejected the relevant part of quantum mechanics. (His famous statementis that, while God can rule the world by any set of laws, “God does not play dice with the universe.”)Attempts have been made to add laws to quantum mechanics to eliminate uncertainty. Such attempts have not only been unsuccessful, they have not even appeared to lead to any interesting results.Questions:16.According to the author, what do science, politics and art each try to explain?17.What is the strong contradiction mentioned in the second paragraph?18.What is the author’s attitude toward contradiction?19.How would the author face uncertainty?20.What is the main idea of the passage?Passage Five：I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ri bbons into our hair. I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that thewoman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.Questions:21. When the author met the woman in the market, what was the woman doing?22. How can you describe bargaining in Laos?23. According to the author, why did the woman accept the last offer?24. Why did the author finally decide to buy three skirts?25. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?Part Four：Translation1. A second aspect of technology transfer concentrates on US high technology exports. China hascorrectly complained in the past that the US was unnecessarily restrictive in limiting technology sales to China. Recently some liberalization has taken place and major increases in technology transfers have taken place as the result. However, some items continue to be subject to restrictions and unnecessary delay, in part because the US Government submits many items to COCOM(巴黎统筹委员会) for approval. There is significant room for improvement with the US bureaucracy and COCOM.2. Good manners are necessary because we are judged by our manners. Our manners not only showwhat kind of education we have received and what our social position is, but they also tend to show what our nature is. A person with good manners is always an agreeable companion, because he always thinks of others and shows respect for others.3. Individualism and collectivism have permeated every aspect of Eastern and Western culture,influencing American and Chinese economics, politics, morals and values, and especially communication patterns. This is important, for research has proved that the number one cause offailure in international business and relations is not economics or even business but cross-cultural communication.4. It is known to all that knowledge is power. Y oung people without knowledge cannot expect tobecome assets to society. In order to acquire profound knowledge, they strive to study well in school in the first place. This does not mean that knowledge only consists in books. In most cases, the knowledge from books is no substitute for the knowledge derived from social practices. For this obvious reason, young people should also regard it as indispensable to their acquirement of knowledge to learn earnestly from the experienced people and from society as well. In short, the rightly motivated young people are advised to insist on obtaining knowledge from all kinds of sources.5. 今天，环境问题变得越来越严重了。
2012年6月A级真题
翻译1. Let me introduce our new product and then show you how it is better than those of any other manufacturers in this field.A 让我来解释一下我们最近有什么新品种，并且将它与本地区的其他一些品种做一个比较。
B 请让我展示一下我们的新品种，并且向你们解释为什么这个品种在本地区比任何别的都好。
C 我先介绍一下我们的新产品，然后向你们说明本产品在那些方面优于其它厂商的同类产品。
D 我来介绍一下我们的新产品，并解释为什么这种产品在本地区比其他厂家的产品都好得多。
2. There is no denying that there is scarcely any sphere of life where electricity may not find useful application.A 竟有人认为，几乎没有任何一处生活场所是不可能用到电力的。
B 不可否认，在没有生命踪迹的地方电力是不可能有多大用心的。
C 没人说得出，在哪些有生命踪迹的地方电力不可能有多大用处。
D 无可否认，电力在生活的任何一个领域几乎都可能有它的用途。
3. Chinese exports declined in November from the same period a year ago for the first time since June 2001, data shows.A 根据2001年6月的数据，11月份中国进口商第一次没有完成一年前的指标。
B 2001年6月以来，数据表明，与上年同期相比，今年11月份中国出口首次受挫。
C 数据表明，与去年同期相比，11月份中国进口自2001年6月以来首次停滞不前D 数据表明，与去年同期相比，11月份中国出口自2001年6月以来首次下滑。
4. We are one of the largest footwear chains in this city and believe there is a promising market in our area for moderately priced goods.A 我们是本地最大的一家连锁鞋店，相信产品只要价格低廉，就会在本地有广阔市场。
12年6月A级真题答案
21. ________ great losses in the financial crisis, the company closed down last year. A) Being suffered B) To suffer C) Having suffered D) Suffered
如果以上方法没有作用，就找个安静的地方思考、读书、冷静一下。
Another way to reduce stress is to set goals that can be achieved. Know your limits and be wellprepared.
另一种方法就是，设定一些容易达到的目标，认真评估自己的能力，并做 好充分的准备。
22. Last week two engineers ________ to help solve the technical problems of the project. A) have sent B) were sent C) sent D) had sent
23. You have to work in this position for two years ________ getting promoted.
有时，工作方面最大的问题在于自身的压力.
To reduce stress at work, you can come early to the workplace and give yourself time to lower your stress level before meetings or telephone calls.
2012年6月A级真题试卷几及答案
高等学校英语应用能力考试2012年6月A级试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (15minutes)Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections:This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) New York City. B) An evening party.C) An air trip. D) The man’s job.From the dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to New York. Therefore, C) An air trip is the correct answer. You should mark C) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. [A] [B] [C] [D]Now the test will begin.1. A) Report to his boss. B) Talk with his agent. C) See his doctor. D) Visit his lawyer.2. A) The airport is too far away. B) The man has missed the bus.C) This bus doesn’t go to the airport. D) There is no bus going to the airport.3. A) Before 8:45. B) Before 9:15. C) After 9:00. D) At 9:00.4. A) The man works in the city center. B) The man wants to live in the suburbs.C) The woman works in the suburbs. D) The woman lives in the city center.5. A) They can’t agree on the price. B) The man’s order is too small.C) The man asks for earlier delivery. D) They disagree on the discount.Section BDirections:This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation 16.A) The screen has gone black. B) The keyboard doesn’t work.C) The connections are broken. D) The power supply is off.7. A) Start the computer again. B) Check the connections.C) Change the mouse. D) Replace the keyboard.Conversation 28. A) Happy. B) Excited. C) Nervous. D) Angry.9. A) A copy of his resume. B) An application form.C) A recommendation letter. D) A recent photo.10. A) Fashionably. B) Carefully. C) Nicely. D) Formally.Section CDirections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase (in not more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen to the passage.11. Who is invited to give a talk at the reception?Professor Richard Johnson from ________________________________.12. What period will follow Professor Johnson’s talk?A _______________________________________________ period.13. What refreshments have been prepared outside for the guests?Some chocolates, ______________________________________________.14. When will Professor Johnson finish his talk?At about _______________________________________________ tonight.15. Why must Professor Johnson leave by 8:30?He is taking ___________________________________________ home tonight.Part II Structure (15 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. She was quite sure that she ________ the door before she left the office.A) will lock B) would lock C) has locked D) had locked17. In fact, there are different reasons ________ people are working long hours.A) where B) which C) why D) how18. Broadband (宽带) connections are widely available now, ________ makes online shoppingmuch easier.A) what B) whatever C) who D) which19. The manager decided to continue the sales for________ two weeks because of the large stockof goods.A) other B) another C) the other D) others20. We don’t have to hurry as the bus ________ for London at five in the evening.A) leaves B) left C) has been leaving D) has left21. ________ great losses in the financial crisis, the company closed down last year.A) Being suffered B) To suffer C) Having suffered D) Suffered22. Last week two engineers ________ to help solve the technical problems of the project.A) have sent B) were sent C) sent D) had sent23. You have to work in this position for two years ________ getting promoted.A) on B) since C) with D) before24. Please feel free to tell us ________ you think about our program so that we can benefit fromyour views and experience.A) what B) that C) if D) lest25. The company is offering a five percent discount to customers as a way ________ its onlinesales.A) promoting B) promoted C) to promote D) promotesSection BDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26. I am (please) __________ to inform you that you have won the first prize.27. The expert made a very (help) __________ suggestion for the project.28. I am told that Mr. Smith has refused (work) __________ in the Human Resources Department.29. The manager promised that the customer’s complaint would (look into) __________ as soonas possible.30. Consumers have become less interested in 3D TV at home, partly because of (have) ________to wear special glasses.31. Those who get nervous (easy) __________ may try Taiji, which relaxes the mind andstrengthens the body.32. According to a report (publish) __________ yesterday, an increasing number of young peopleare involved in community activities.33. We are informed that all the materials (arrive) __________ in the port of Chicago by now.34. Greatly (encourage) _________ by his friends, Jack has signed up for the singing competition.35. In his speech the manager expressed his thanks to those who have made their (contribute)__________ to the company.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the center.The practice of exchanging foreign currency can vary by country. In one country, you may have to change your money at the airport, and in other countries you may need to buy your foreign currency in advance. Here are some places you can exchange foreign currency for U.S. currency. Your BankIn many cases you can purchase U.S. currency for your trip from a bank. Banks tend to have higher exchange rates than some currency exchange businesses. Before you purchase currency from a bank, check the currency change rates for that day so you can compare the rate the bank is giving and determine if it’s a good offer. There is a fee involved in withdrawing foreign currency from your bank.The AirportCurrency exchange businesses can be found at most international airports, so you can purchase U.S. currency either before you board your flight or at the U.S. airport on arrival. Note that U.S. airports typically have fewer currency exchange counters than travelers are accustomed to seeing in other parts of the world. If the airport you are flying into is not in a major U.S. city, consider using the exchange service in your departure airport to be on the safe side. If you are in an airport where several exchange companies operate, be sure to shop around for the best rate and lowest exchange fee. .36. The practice of exchanging foreign currency __________.A) changes with time of the year B) depends on exchange rates of the dayC) is exactly the same all over the world D) is likely to differ from country to country37. When you withdraw foreign currency from your bank, you have to __________.A) open a bank account B) pay a fee to the bankC) use your credit card D) inform the bank in advance38. Before purchasing foreign currency from a bank, you are advised to __________.A) compare the exchange rates B) examine the services of the bankC) pay the exchange fee in advance D) deposit some money with the bank39. In which case are you advised to consider using the exchange service in your departureairport?A) If you are flying with a foreign airline.B) If the airport is far from the city center.C) If you are not flying into a major US city.D) If the airport you are flying into is not safe.40. The passage is mainly about __________.A) U.S currency B) exchange fees C) American airports D) currency exchangeTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Start your day off right with our continental breakfast free. Not only do we offer a generous variety of traditional continental foods, but also a couple of hot items each day. Too busy to sit down for breakfast? During the week, you can choose to take away a breakfast bag.We provide high speed Internet access in all guest rooms and common areas. Are you sick ofsitting at the desk all day? We provide lap (放在膝盖上的) desks in every room to improve your work environment. Didn’t bring your laptop computer with you? Please use our computer and printer located in our business center. We can also provide fax and copy service at the front desk.Our 400 sq. feet of meeting space can hold up to 30 people. For an extra fee, we can provide electronic digital equipment. Conveniently located just next to the business center, our meeting space works well for all your business needs.We are located directly off Highway 131 at Exit 78. We are just 2 miles north of the M6-South Beltline. There are multiple restaurants within walking distance. Our address:755 54th Street S. W. Wyoming, MI 49509(616)261-5500, Fax (616)261-9120Grrso-Hampton@41. Which of the following is TRUE about the breakfast in the hotel?A) Chinese foods are also available. B) All the items provided are hot food.C) Free continental breakfast is provided. D) Breakfast can be taken away at weekends.42. Where can guests send their faxes in the hotel?A) From their own room. B) In the common area.C) In the meeting room. D) At the front desk.43. What’s the purpose of providing lap desks in all of the guest rooms?A) To improve the work environment. B) To connect the business center.C) To use fax and copy service. D) To speed up Internet access.44. According to the passage, hotel guests can use electronic digital equipment _________.A) by booking in advance B) by paying an extra feeC) with the help of a staff member D) with the manager’s permission45. One of the advantages of the hotel is that _________.A) it is located in a business centerB) there are many restaurants nearbyC) its meeting space is the largest in the cityD) a laptop computer is available in each roomTask 3Directions: Read the following passage. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it (No.46 to No.50). You should write your answers briefly (in not more than three words) on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.CORT, a Berkshire Hathaway Company, is the world’s largest provider of rental (出租的) furniture. In business for over 40 years, we have served millions of individuals as well as over 80% of Fortune 500 companies.We have grown to be not only the industry’s leading provider of residential and commercial rental furniture, we also offer a full line of houseware rentals.And we don’t just help furnish your home, we can help you find it too. ApartmentSearch by CORT is our free online apartment locator which gives you access to millions of available apartment units nationwide. We can also help you locate a single family or townhome rental property that best suits your needs and budget.CORT has over 100 showrooms across the US. We also have established a global network of business partners that allow us to provide solutions in close to 70 countries around the world. Wemaintain our own fleet (车队) of trucks and have multiple distribution centers all aimed at providing fast, efficient service.Task 4Directions: Thefollowing is a list of words or expressions related to exhibitions. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A —expoB —registration feeC —scope of exhibitsD —exhibitor ’s profileE —trade showF —participation feeG —exhibition space H —queuing areaI —participation procedures J —reserve a spotK —theme zones L —sponsor and organizerM —fire exit N —exhibit directoryO —overseas supporter P —registration systemQ —sign upExamples: (A) 博览会 (D) 参展商简介Task 5Directions ：Read the following passage. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in not more than three words ) should bewritten after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Anchor’s Care at home services offer a full range of personal care assistance as well as help with domestic tasks to support you with the activities of everyday life.We ensure that you retain your independence and quality of life, helping you to stay in your own home for as long as it suits you. Whether you need a little help around the house or more extensive home care, we are here to help with individually-tailored support.We have been providing home care for over 20 years and therefore know how important it is to feel completely comfortable with any care worker that comes into your home. And we understand that looking for a care worker can often be a source of real anxiety and concern.We select our care workers for their skill, reliability and professionalism, and ensure they are trained to deliver a first class service. Once placed, our care workers are regularly assessed to ensure that they continue to constantly deliver high quality care.56. What kind of home services is offered by Anchor’s Care?A full range of _______________________________________ and help with domestic tasks.57. Why does Anchor’s Care provide individually-tailored support?To help its customers retain their independence and _________________________________.58. How long has Anchor’s Care been providing home care services?For _______________________________________________________________________.59. How does Anchor’s Care select care workers?They are selected according to their skill, _________________________ and professionalism.60. Why does Anchor’s Care regularly assess its workers?To ensure they constantly deliver _________________________________.Part IV Translation -- English into Chinese (25 minutes)Directions: This part, numbered 61 through 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. After each of the sentences numbered 61 to 64, you will read four choices of suggested translation. You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. And for the paragraph numbered 65, write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.61. I would like to pay a visit to your factory to find out about the possibility of importingautomobile parts from you.A) 我想去你们工厂参观，看看你们厂是否有可能进口汽车零部件。
2012年6月大学英语三级(A级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年6月大学英语三级（A级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation from English to Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices A , B, C, and D.听力原文：W: I hear you’ve got a new job. Do you like it? M: Sure, the salary is good. Q: Why does the man like the new job?1．A．The job is suitable for him.B．The job is easy to do.C．The job is interesting.D．The job is well paid.正确答案：D解析：推理判断题。
2012年6月六级真题及答案完整版
Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year Solution Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world. The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities. Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively. But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written. Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas. Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate. Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes havemade the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar. For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees. By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay. The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options. Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster. For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My firstyear of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife. There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce. “Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,” Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members. Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete colleges, with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.” Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world. Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage inattracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2012年高考试题英语A卷答案与解析(广东卷)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）A英语本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _1_ to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are _2_ wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.Rules can help the public make the right _3_,and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent _4_.If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _5_ for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is _6_ acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into _7_.Sometimes it may not be so easy to know _8_ what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is _9_ to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and _10_ be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel to _11_ when stealing some food to eat, if lives in a really poor area and he is _12_. Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to _13_ other .However, some people argue that rules may be _14_, having observed that rules change all the time , and that some schools have some regulations and other have different ones ----so who is to _15_ what is right ?1 A .kind B .sensitive C. fair D. generous2 A .equally B . slightly C. clearly D increasingly3. A suggestions B. conclusions C. turns D choices4. A accidents B. mistakes C. falls D deaths5. A. interesting B. vital C. easy D valuable6 .A. seldom B. rarely C. merely D never7. A. trouble B. power C. prison D control8. A. roughly B. eventually C. deliberately D exactly9. A. awful B. cruel C. unhealthy D unnecessary10. A still B. even C. later D somehow11. A. nervous B. anxious C. afraid D guilty12. A. begging B. staving C. growing D wandering13 A. follow B. instruct C. treat D protect14. A. disgusting B. confusing C. unsafe D unimportant15. A. predict B. explain C. decide D consider第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
中国政法大学物权2012年6月期末真题及答案
2011－2012学年第二学期《民法学原理》（三）期末考试试题（A）一．单项选择题（每题所给的选项中只有一个正确答案。
共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）1．依据我国《物权法》的规定，下列说法中错误的是（）。
A．土地承包经营权自土地承包经营合同生效时取得B．地役权的取得，非经登记，不得对抗善意第三人C．因继承或者受遗赠取得房屋所有权的，自房屋登记时取得所有权D．因拆除房屋消灭物权的，自房屋被拆除后物权消灭2.王某承包了集体的一块荒沟，雇佣于某挖鱼塘。
于某在挖鱼塘时挖到一只瓷瓶，经文物鉴定机关鉴定该瓷瓶属国家一级文物。
王某认为该瓷瓶是在自己承包的地下挖出，应归自己所有；于某则认为瓷瓶是自己挖出的，应归自己所有；集体组织认为该荒沟属于集体所有，挖出的东西当然属于集体所有。
后经协商三方达成协议：瓷瓶归三方共同所有。
集体经济组织和于某将自己拥有的份额转让给王某，王某在一个月内向集体经济组织和于某分别支付转让款8万元。
由于王某未按约定支付转让款，集体经济组织和于某遂诉至法院。
对于该案，下列说法中正确的是（）。
A.瓷瓶埋藏于地下，为于某所挖得，此物系所有人不明的埋藏物，于某作为发现人可以取得该埋藏物B.瓷瓶虽然埋藏于荒沟的地下，但该荒沟属于集体所有，集体作为荒沟的所有权人有权取得该埋藏物C.瓷瓶虽然埋藏于地下，但因为是王某雇佣于某挖荒沟，所以王某应该是发现人，王某可以无条件取得该埋藏物D.瓷瓶所有权属于国家，王某、于某、集体经济组织均不享有所有权，三方达成的共有协议，系属无权转让行为，瓷瓶归国家，王某也不承担支付对价的义务3.在下列几种行为中，不构成公民甲的物权消灭后果的是（）。
A.甲将自己的运动鞋扔掉B.甲将自己的自行车卖给乙C.甲的汽车被烧毁D.甲将自己的房屋抵押给银行4．家住深圳的王佳暑假结束回校后，带了一ipad，同班同学小李借用以后，爱不释手，对王佳说卖给我吧，你再叫家里寄一个来，王佳同意了。
小李取得该ipad的交付方式是（）。
2012年6月全国大学英语A级答案
2012 6月17日全国大学英语三级英语答案仅提供几个小时下载过期自动删除最佳答案A卷1-5 23142 6-10 44113 11-15 32442 16-20 23124 21-25 13341 26-30 34211 31-35 34331 36-40 4234341-45 42422 46-50 41321 51-52 34 T1-T5 ACBABS1-S6 create conclusion subject beautiful orgnized valuesB卷1-5 41432 6-10 31132 11-15 24144 16-20 13232 21-25 11332 26-30 44422 31-35 13221 36-40 3344141-45 21133 46-50 14322 51-52 43 T1-T5 EDADBS1-S6 create conclusion subject beautiful orgnized 选择题1.the new drng will not be....(until)....2.it was because og his good ...(that)...3.our company ...(another)..4.according to the ....(leaves)....5.althoug she is only ....(mature)...6.the proposal ...(being discussed)...7.when he patted...(casual)..8.there is no ....(that)...9.it is reasonable for ...(to)...10.the weather forecast ..(persist)..填空题(改形式）1.pay--payment2.interview--were interviewed3.It is (be)---be4.conduct--conducted5.If I (be)--were6.responsible--responsibility7.injure--injured8.accept--to accept9.quick--quickly阅读1.college is a place to explore many possibilites (文章开头句）1)we need to plan ....(better organizeour...)2)strategic time are ...(study efficiently)3)which of the following could be ...(any activities we're...)4)what can help us to keep ...(taking a short napin...)5)which of the following could...(study habits andy time...)2.welcome to our small business set-up guide (文章开头句）1)this guide is in tended...(start a new small...)2)what are most unportant for ...(determination...)3)what does the word ...(advise before hand...)4)what kind of businesses are ...(those with fener...)5)more information about ...(link to other relevant...)阅读1.college is a place to explore many possibilites (文章开头句）1)we need to plan ....(better organizeour...)2)strategic time are ...(study efficiently)3)which of the following could be ...(any activities we're...)4)what can help us to keep ...(taking a short napin...)5)which of the following could...(study habits andy time...) 2.welcome to our small business set-up guide (文章开头句）1)this guide is in tended...(start a new small...)2)what are most unportant for ...(determination...)3)what does the word ...(advise before hand...)4)what kind of businesses are ...(those with fener...)5)more information about ...(link to other relevant...)阅读填空1.how to write contact details in your CT? (文章开头句）top of page (print)...to be included 1.(address) 2.(email)not to be included 1.(personal information) such as...2.(include a photograph) unless it is ..阅读问答1. sale contract （文章标题）1)what is the brand of the apple jam?答案：Great Wall brand2)what is the total value of the contract?答案：US 30003)when will the goods be shipped?答案：august 20094)what are the ecrms of...?答案：by letter of cred it需记词组cash against 交货付款cash price现金价格advice of到货通知书sales contract销售合同port of arrival到达港supply agreement供货合同late payment逾期付款note of claim索赔通知trade agreement贸易协定letter of credit信用证fixed price固定价格prompt shipment即期装运翻译1.when exporting goods it is ...错误答案：为了促进货物出口，减少货物的丢失或者损坏，必须发展保险业2.if we do not rective payment...错误答案：如果本月底我们还收不到订货，我们就不的不采取其他办法了3.party B has the ....错误答案：乙方有义务在下述情况下，有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同4.I have already given....错误答案：我已做了解释，首先必须有工程师愿意加班工作才能有可能来完成。
2012年6月六级考试阅读真题及答案
2012年6⽉六级考试阅读真题及答案 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2 Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. In face of global warming, much effort has been focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a variety of strategies. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting energy alternatives, it may be decades before clean technologies like wind and solar meet a significant portion of our energy needs. In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). “As long as we’re consuming fossil fuels, we’re putting out CO2,”says Klaus Lackner, a geophysicist at Columbia, University” We cannot let the CO2 in the atmosphere rise indefinitely.” That sense of urgency has increased interest in capturing and storing CO2, which the IPCC says could provide the more than 50% reduction in emissions thought needed to reduce global warming.“We see the potential for capture and storage to play an integral role in reducing emissions,” says Kim Corley, Shell’s senior advisor of CO2 and environmental affairs. That forward thinking strategy is gaining support. The U.S. Department of Energy recently proposed putting $1 billion into a new $2.4 billion coal-burning energy plant. The plant’s carbon-capture technologies would serve as a pilot project for other new coal-burning plants. But what do you do with the gas once you’ve captured it? One option is to put it to new uses. Dakota Gasification of North Dakota captures CO2 at a plant that converts coal into synthetic natural gas. It then ships the gas 200 miles by pipeline to Canada, where it is pumped underground in oil recovery operations. In the Netherlands, Shell delivers CO2 to farmers who pipe it into their greenhouses, increasing their yield of fruits and vegetables. However, scientists say that the scale of CO2 emissions will require vast amounts of long-term storage. Some propose storing the CO2 in coal mines or liquid storage in the ocean, Shell favors storing CO2 in deep geological structures such as saline(盐的) formations and exhausted oil and gas fields that exist throughout the world. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2012湖北高考英语A卷真题答案（文字版）
本试题卷共16页，81理。
全卷满分150分。
考试⽤时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1. 答卷前，考⽣务必将⽩⼰的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上.并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
⽤统⼀提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的⽅框涂⿊。
2. 选择题的作答：每⼩题选出答案后，⽤统⼀提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题⽬的答案标号涂⿊。
如需改动，⽤橡⽪檫⼲净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上⽆效。
3. 完成句⼦和短⽂写作班的作答:⽤统⼀提供的签字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上⽆效。
4. 考⽣必须保持答改卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡⼀并上交。
第⼀部分:听⼒(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录⾳内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第⼀节(共5⼩题:每⼩题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下⾯5段对话。
每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。
每段对话仅读⼀遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡ 9.15.C.￡9.18.答案：B1.What is the problem for the man?A.He has to meet many people.B.He has to leave his friends.C.He has to travel a lot.2. How does the man think of the book?A. Humorous.B. Scientific.C. Popular.3. What's the matter with the woman?A. She has caught a bad cold.B. She stayed online too long.C. She is allergic to paint smell.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Consult a repair shop.B. Purchase another carC. Fix the car herself.5. In which year is the man in college now?A. The first year.B. The second year.C. The third year.第⼆节(共15⼩短:每⼩题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。
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1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 a 1 A 0 a b 1 0 a 0 1 0 1 0 a 0 0 a b 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 (1 1 a )1 a 2
二、 选择题（本题满分 15 分， 共有 5 道小题，每道小题 3 分．在每小题给出的四个选项中， 只有一项是符合题目要求的，把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内） 1．D; 2. C; 3. A; 4. B; 5. C.
三、 （本题满分 14 分）计算行列式 A , B ,
A 0 0 B
,其中
1 1 A 1 1 x
（4 分 ）
5 5 页 第 5 页 共
七、 （本题满分 14 分）设 0 ， * 是非齐次线性方程组 AX 的一个特解， 1, 2 ,, r 是 对应齐次线性方程组 AX 0 一个基础解系，证明： （1）*,1,2 ,, r 线性无关； （2） *, * 1, * 2 ,, * r 线性无关； 证明: (1)假设存在 k 0 , k1 , k 2 ,, k r 使得
因为 *, 1 , 2 ,, r 线性无关,则有
k 0 k1 k r k1 k 2 k r 0
(2 分)
(2 分)
即 k0 0
综上可得*, * 1, * 2 ,, * r 线性无关.
(1 分)
八、 （本题满分 6 分）设 A , B 是 n 阶矩阵， f ( ) E B 是 B 的特征多项式， 证明：矩阵 f ( A) 可逆的充分必要条件为 B 的特征值都不是 A 的特征值．
1 (1 1 a )1 ( a k ) 2 k 3 ， 其中 k 为任意常数。 （3 分）
六、 （本题满分 14 分）试求一个正交的相似变换矩阵 P ,将二次型 f 2 x1 3x2 3x3 4 x2 x3 化成标准形, 并给出标准型． 2 0 0 二次型的矩阵为 A 0 3 2 0 2 3
2 5 页 第 2 页 共
问题转化为方程组求解问题
x1 x 2 x3 1 2 x1 (a 2) x 2 (b 2) x3 3 3ax (a 2b) x 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 增广矩阵 A 2 a 2 b 2 3 ~ 0 a b 1 0 3a a 2b 3 0 0 a b 0
(2 分) (2 分) (1 分)
k 0 * k1 ( * 1 ) k 2 ( * 2 ) k r ( * r ) 0
(2 分)
上式两端同时左乘 A,可得
A(k 0 * k1 ( * 1 ) k 2 ( * 2 ) k r ( * r )) (k 0 k1 k r ) A * k1 A1 k 2 A 2 k r A r 0
中国农业大学 2011~2012 学年春季学期 线性代数（B）课程考试试题答案（2012.6）
一、 填空题（本题满分 15 分，共有 5 道小题，每道小题 3 分，请将合适的答案填在每题 的空中） 1．16； 2．1； 3. (3, 7 / 4,5 / 4,19 / 4)T ； 4. - 2 6 2 6 ; 5. 11/6.
即 k0 0 因此,有 k11 k 2 2 k r r 0 又因为 1 , 2 ,, r 是基础解系,所以有 k1 k 2 k r 0
综上可得*,1 , 2 ,, r 线性无关； (2) 假设存在 k 0 , k1 , k 2 , , k r 使得
（4 分）
(n 1) x
2 x
1 x
1 2 (n 1) x n(n 1) C1 C2 Cn （x ） 2 1 2 x n 1 1 2 n 1
1 5 页 第 1 页 共
1 C2 2C1
0
0
x
1 0 x 0 n ( n1) n(n 1) n(n 1) （x ） ）x n1 (1) 2 （x 2 2 Cn nC1 1 x 0 0 1 0 0 0
（4 分）
B 12
（4 分）
A 0 0 B
(1)
n ( n1) 2
12 （x
n(n 1) ）x n1 2
（2 分）
四、 （本题满分 10 分）
1 1 0 1 2 设矩阵 A 1 2 1 , B 3 0 ,且满足矩阵方程 2 X AX B ，求矩阵 X. 0 1 0 0 3
证明：设 i (i 1,2,, n) 是 B 的特征值，则
f ( ) E B) ( 1 )( n ) ，
f ( A) ( A 1 E)( A n E ) ， f ( A) A 1 E A n E ，
（2 分）
f ( A) 可逆 f ( A) 0 A i E 0(i 1,2,n) i 不是 A 的特征值．
于是正交变换为 (2 分) (2 分)
0 x1 1 x2 0 1 2 x 0 1 2 3
y1 1 2 y2 1 2 y3 0
(2 分)
2 2 且有 f 2 y12 5 y2 ． y3
1 1 得基础解系 1 0 . 取 P1 0 0 0
(2 分)
0 1 0 0 3 0 当 2 5 时，解方程 ( A 5E) x 0 ，由 A 5E 0 2 2 ~ 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 得基础解系 2 1 取 P2 1 2 ． 1 2 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 当 3 1 时，解方程 ( A E ) x 0 ，由 A E 0 2 2 ~ 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 得基础解系 3 1 取 P3 1 2 ， 1 2 1
五、 （ 本 题 满 分 12 分 ） 已 知 向 量 (1,3,3)T ， 1 (1,2,0)T ， 2 (1, a 2,3a)T ，
3 (1,b 2, a 2b)T ， 试讨论 a, b 为何值时
（1） 不能用 1 , 2 ,3 线性表示； （2） 可由 1 , 2 ,3 唯一地表示，并求出表示式； （3） 可由 1 , 2 ,3 表示，但表示式不惟一，并求出表示式. 解：令 x1 1 x 2 2 x 3 3 ，
（3 分）
（1） 即 a 0 时,(若 b=0 则 R( A) 1, R( A ) 2 ,若 b 0 则 R( A) 2, R( A) 3 ) 方程组无解， 不能用 1 , 2 , 3 线性表示 （3 分）
（2）a 0, a b 0 时， R( A) R( A) 3 ， 方程组有唯一解，即 可由 1 , 2 , 3 唯一地表示， 求表示式：
解：由 2 X AX B 得， （2E A）X B
2 / 3 1 / 3 0 (2 A) 1 2 / 3 1 / 3 0 1 / 3 1 / 3
1
（4 分）
（4 分）
2 1 所以 X (2 A) B 3 3 1 1
2 2 2
n 1 n 1 n 1
n x n
(n 1) x1 2源自32 x , B 3 2 1 . n 1 3 2 n
1 1
解： A 1
2 2 2
n 1 n 1 n 1 1 2
n x n n n n 1 n x n n n
1
（2 分）
或是
1 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 (2 E A, E ) 1 0 1 3 0 ~ 0 1 0 3 3 ， X 3 3 1 0 1 1 2 0 3 0 0 1 1 1
2
2
2
解:
(2 分)
2 A E 0 0
0 3 2
0 2 3
(2 )(5 )(1 ) , 故 A 的特征值为 1 2, 2 5, 3 1 ．
(6 分)
3 5 页 第 3 页 共
0 0 0 0 1 2 当 1 2 时, 解方程 ( A 2E) x 0 ，由 A 2 E 0 1 2 ~ 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0
（3 分）
（3） a 0, a b 0 时， R( A) R( A) 2 ， 可由 1 , 2 , 3 表示，但表示式不惟一， 求表示式：
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 a 1 A 0 a a 1 0 1 1 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 * k11 k 2 2 k r r 0
(2 分)
上式两端同时左乘 A,可得
A(k 0 * k11 k 2 2 k r r ) k 0 A * k1 A1 k 2 A 2 k r A r k 0 0
4 5 页 第 4 页 共