上海市十校2011学年第一学期高三英语考试试卷

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2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试高三英语参考答案

2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试高三英语参考答案1—5 BABCB 6—10 ABCAA 11—15 BBBCB 16—20 CBAAC21—25 BACBD 26—30BCACD 31—35 CBCAD36—40 BADCB 41—45 DAABC 46—50 ABCBC 51—55 CBCAA56—59ACDB 60—63 BDCC 64—66 DBA 67—70 BBAC 71—75 BFDGA短文改错Dear Sir,How are you? As a exchange student, I am writing to tell you I would prefer to move intoana single room in next term, as I find it inconvenient to share a room with others. My roommate去掉inoften held parties at night, made much noise. Besides, his friends are always visiting him, that holds making which disturbs me a lot. So I hope to draw your attentions to this problem. If you think in my position, Iattentionam sure he will agree that the only solution for me is ∧ get a room of my own, one not in the you tosame building and as near to the school campus as possible. I would be gratefully if you could do but gratefulme the favor.Best wishes.Yours sincerely,Li Ming书面表达Dear Ms Wang,I’m Li Ming. Two years ago, I received your letter and schooling fees. I’m very grateful for your kindness and generosity.But for your help, I couldn’t enjoy a wonderful college life in the beautiful campus right now. I’ve made a lot of friends here. Moreover, I am studying hard s o as to acquire an abundant knowledge o f English, which is my major. In fact, I’m making progress each day. Only in this way can I learn more and use what I’ve known to help those in need as well. Besides, I’m determined to go back to my hometown after graduation and devote myself to building my hometown, to make it more prosperous and beautiful.Words seem to fail me when I try once more to express my thanks to you, and I’ll keep my promise and not let you down.Yours sincerely,Li Ming听力录音稿Text 1M: How have you been enjoying your trip in this city so far?W: It’s been great, you know. I have never seen better cinemas and parks than here.Text 2M: I’d like to book a ticket to Thailand for three people.W: Can I have the dates for your departure and return?M: Yes, we want to leave on September 3 and return on the 12.Text 3M: I think we should fly to New York. It’s the fastest way to go to college.W: But if we fly, we’ll miss out on the landscape Airplanes are out. We can go by train.Text 4W: The copying machine in my office doesn’t work. Do you mind if I use the copying machine to make a quick copy?M: Not at all. I won’t use it today.Text 5W: Hello, Brad? I waited for you two hours after work yesterday.M: I’m sorry to hear about it. I was too busy yesterday.Text 6W: Hi, are you checking out now?M: Yes, sorry. I know we’re a few minutes late.W: That’s no problem. It’s always really busy at check out time anyway.M: Oh, really. The last hotel we stayed at charged us for a late check out.W: The hotel isn’t booked this week, so it’s not a problem. How was everything?M: The room was great. The beds were really comfortable, and we weren’t expecting our own fridge.W: I’m glad you liked it.M: The kids were disappointed that the pool wasn’t open this morning, though.W: I apologize for that. It’s not open until 5 pm.M: Well, we had a nice swim last night anyhow.W: Will you be putting this on your credit card?M: No. I’ll pay cash.W: OK. So the total comes to $160, including tax.M: Here you are!Text 7W: Would you like a cup of tea or coffee, David?M: Tea, please. Lily, I hear that the tea you make tastes good.W: Thanks.M: Then would you like to teach me how to make a pot of tea? I’m eager to learn to make tea myself.W: Of course. Well, first of all you should have a china teapot. It’s the most important thing. Tea doesn’t taste so good from a metal one.M: What next?W: Wash the teapot with very hot water to make it hot?M: And then?W: Well. Then put two or three teaspoons of tea into the teapot, and pour the boiling water over the tea. And you have to let the teapot stand for at least five minutes and then the tea will be readyto drink.Text 8M: Mary, tomorrow is your mom’s birthday, do you know?W: Of course I do. How do you think we shall celebrate it?M: Hmm, a birthday present will be needed. Have you prepared it?W: Yes, I bought it some days ago.M: What’s that?W: A new skirt, I believe she must like it. What are you going to buy, Dad?M: Have a special dinner, inviting your grandparents and her good friends. I have booked a large cake and her favorite blue roses.W: So good. But what is the special dinner?M: We can have it at home. I’ve learnt cooking from a Chinese friend. I’m sure your mom would like it.W: All right. Why don’t we going shopping together?M: OK, when?W: Just this afternoon.Text 9W: Have you ever been to China? I’m going there this fall.M: Yes, I was there last summer.W: Really? Where have you been? Tell me about it.M: I have been to Yunnan Province.W: Yunnan? You must have been in Dali and Lijiang.M: Yes, I have been there a week and half.W: What do you think of Dali?M: Peaceful. The ancient Dali is a small town with charming old houses and cobble stone streets with the Erhai Lake in the front and the Cangshan Mountains at the back. And it’s like spring all the year round. I like the climate.W: What places have you seen in Lijiang?M: Well, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, a visit to the Mosuo People, the famous bar street in the Old Town are really worth visiting.W: I see. Have you been to other places? I want to know more about China.M: Sorry. But my uncle understands China very much. I will take you to his house, OK?W: Very nice. Let’s start at once.Text 10Nowadays, with the development of the Internet, we have a new place to enjoy ourselves, to find the information and to communicate with the other people. Some people think that the Internet will certainly take the place of the traditional library in future.Surely enough, the Internet gives us great convenience in our life. It is much easier for us to find any book that we need with the help of the search engine. It seems that the Internet can hold much more books than a big library.But I should say that I love the Internet and love the library as well. Only because I can enjoy the atmosphere of the library. And book-reading can give me a different taste and a better experience. So I will still go to the library after we have the global Internet.。

2011学年第一学期高三期末试卷

19.解法1: (Ⅰ)取BE的中点O,连OC. ∵BC=CE, ∴OC⊥BE.又AB⊥平面BCE.
以O为原点建立空间直角坐标系O－xyz如图，则由已知条件有:,, , ……4分设平面ADE的法向量为ｎ=，则由ｎ· 及ｎ· 可取ｎ又AB⊥平面BCE. ∴AB⊥OC.OC⊥平面ABE ∴平面ABE的法向量可取为m＝. ∵ｎ·m·=0, ∴ｎ⊥m∴平面ADE⊥平面ABE.
求与的值. 22. (文)（本小题满分15分）设是函数的一个极值点（）. （I）求与的关系式（用表示），并求的单调区间；（II）设，若在闭区间上的最小值为,最大值为0，
求与的值.
参考答案及评分标准
一.1.B 2.（理）C（文）B 3.（理）B（文）A 4.D 5.B 6.
（理）C（文）D 7.A 8.A 9.（理）C（文）C 10.C
椭圆和双曲线的公共顶点.P、Q分别为双曲线和椭圆上不同于A、B的第
一象限内的点，且满足
A B
O P Q x y F/‘ F
=,. (Ⅰ)求出椭圆和双曲线的离心率；（Ⅱ）设直线PA、PB、QA、QB的斜率分别是 ,.求证：.
22．(理) (本小题满分15分）设是函数的一个极值点（，e为自然对数的底）. (Ⅰ)求与的关系式（用表示），并求的单调区间； (Ⅱ)设，若在闭区间上的最小值为0,最大值为，
x
－
＋
＋
－
减函数增函数增函数减函数
从上表可知：在,上是减函数; 在，上是增函数. ……… 9分
……… 7分
（II）∵，由（I）知：
①当时, ,在闭区间上是增函数.
∴且.
化简得:.
又<1.故此时的不存在.
……… 11分
②当时, 在闭区间上是减函数.

上海市徐汇区2011届高三上学期期末学习能力诊断卷(英语)

2010学年第一学期徐汇区高三年级英语学科学习能力诊断卷（考试时间120分钟，满分150分） 2011.1第一卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a post office. B. At the railway station.C. At a bank.D. At the airport.2. A. Go to the library. B.Visit her sister. C. Go skating. D. Attend a lecture.3. A. Convenient languages. B. Internet service.C. Learning online.D. Money management.4. A. A physical checkup. B. A blood test. C. A job interview. D. A cosmetic surgery.5. A. Rachel has changed her schedule. B. The plane has already landed.C. Rachel probably won’t come.D. The plane will probably arrive late.6. A. Repair the computer for her. B. Check the website address.C. Send someone to help her.D. Go to the woman’s office.7. A. It has been put off. B. It has been cancelled permanently.C. It is a waste of time.D. It is not worth preparing for.8. A. The disappearance of an ancient village. B. Severe damage caused by a natural disaster.C. Rescue teams swept away by flood.D. Transportation improvement in rural areas.9. A. The woman hates parties. B. The woman was not invited to the party.C. Steve's parties are very boring.D. Steve does not like the woman.10. A. They stay closed until summer comes. B. Their customers are mostly tourists.C. They are busy all the year round.D. Their service is far from satisfactory.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He bought over 1,000 dictionaries.B. He learned over 59 million words.C. He read through the Oxford English Dictionary.D. He sold his diary at a good price.12. A. For extra credits. B. To learn fancy words.C. To sound more intelligent.D. For enjoyment.13. A. He couldn’t help using those big words.B. He often forgot simple vocabulary.C. He could not form sentences with the words.D. He suffered from a serious headache.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They introduced courses on public health.B. They increased their physical education.C. They changed students’ diet at school.D. They employed specially trained teachers.15. A. To improve efficiency. B. To employ more teachers.C. To teach more sports games.D. To ensure safety.16. A. The serious weight problem among children in USA.B. The development in physical education in USA.C. The increasing number of injuries in PE class in USA.D. The measures taken to prevent injuries in PE class in USA.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Ticket InformationName: Fred CooperDestination: San FranciscoFlight Number: Flight _____(17)_____Date : _____(18)____ 1stClass: _____(19)____ classDeparture time: 1:25 p.mArrival time: _____(20)____a.m.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Why did the woman want to see Professor Jones? Because she is considering ____(21)____.What is the woman’s trouble?Professor Jones speaks fast and she fails to get ____(22)____.What are the suggestions given by the professor? 1) Bring in a ____(23)____.2) ____(24)____.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. St. Louis has replaced Camden, New Jersey ______ the most dangerous US city, according to a study based on FBI crime data which was released Monday.A. forB. toC. asD. with26. — Do you often talk with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone?— _______. I like using QQ.A. NoneB. EitherC. AnyD. Neither27. — Are you pleased with what he has done?—It couldn’t be ________. He must have put a lot of effort into his work.A. any worseB. any betterC. so badD. the best28. It is unfair that such a nice person like Jane ______ lose her job. She works so hard!A. canB. mayC. shouldD. shall29. At the age when many people ______ their first job, the youngsters of The Sunday Times Rich List are buying country estates or jetting off to their homes overseas.A. were looking forB. have looked forC. are looking forD. looked for30. It was for a lifetime of unselfish work among the sick natives ______ the old doctor deserved to be honored.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whom31. Mr. Crossett was made __________ his experiment because of his poor health and old age.A. give upB. giving upC. to give upD. given up32. Researchers claim to have found the first proof _______ getting a regular eight hours a night really does make you appear healthier and more attractive.A. asB. thatC. howD. which33. Newton is known as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history _______ magic ended and science began.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. which34. ________ a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.A. BeforeB. UntilC. WheneverD. The moment35. Oetzi, the 5,000 year old “Iceman”, ______on the alpine border between Italy and Austria in 1991.A. was discoveringB. was discoveredC. had been discoveredD. discovered36. The international agreement, _______ encourage children not to smoke and help peopleto kick the habit, was signed on 27 February.A. intending toB. being intended toC. intended toD. to intend to37. _______ twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. Being examinedB. ExaminedC. ExaminingD. Having been examined38. A Belgian French-language daily has issued _______ is thought to be Europe's first 3D newspaper —complete with cardboard viewing glasses.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. which39. ---Come on, let’s go for a drink.---Sorry. With so many problems _____ my mind, I can’t take a break.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled40. _______ you think graffiti (涂鸦) is mindless vandalism(破坏行为) against property or a living art form, its popularity suggests that it is here to stay.A. AlthoughB. No matterC. WhetherD. SupposeSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Some people with autism(孤独症) have ___41___ experts with their outstanding memories, mathematical skills or musical talent. Now scientists have found that the genes thought to cause autism may also confer(给予) mathematical, musical and other skills on people without the condition.The finding has ___42___ from a study of autism among 378 Cambridge University students, which found the condition was up to seven times more common among mathematicians than students in other fields.If ___43___, it could explain why autism － a ___44___that makes it hard to communicate with, and relate to, others ─ continues to exist in all types of society. It suggests the genes responsible are usually ___45___, causing the disease only if present in the wrong combinations. “Our understanding of autism is undergoing a ___46___,” said Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, director of the autism research centre at Cambridge, who led the study.“It seems clear that genes play a significant role in the causes of autism and that those genes are also ___47___ to certain intellectual skills.”Scientists have long been interested by the apparent ___48___ between autism and intellectual gifts in specific fields. This has made autism a hot topic in popular culture, from films such as Rain Man, which starred Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise, to books such as The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime.Temple Grandin, 61, was diagnosed（诊断） with autism as a child and is now professorof animal sciences at Colorado State University. She said: “People with autism have played a vital role in human evolution and culture. Scientists such as Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein show every ___49___ of having been autistic. The world owes a great deal to those who design and programme computers, many of whom show autistic traits.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Who buy the presents? How much should we spend? Questions about money like these ___50___ during the holidays, and they can turn this wonderful season into the most ___51___ time of the year.The ___52___ cause of holiday stress is money issues, according to a recent poll by the American Psychological Association (APA). The survey found that 61 percent of Americans ___53___ lack of money as the top cause of family tensions, holiday blues and depression.“People believe that they can go out and buy gifts because it’s the holidays, ___54___they can’t afford to do so,” says Dorothy Cantor, a noted psychologist and former APA president. “Not only is it stressful to feel that you have t o buy everyone an expensive gift, but you will also be stressed for the rest of the year trying to pay your ___55___. You can show love and caring by giving something that you know is meaningful and ___56___ that doesn’t have to cost a lot.”While managing money issues during the holiday season can be a ___57___, financial experts agree that you can ___58___ pressure by planning ahead, exhibiting patience and managing expectations to make the holiday season enjoyable and worry-free.For starters, make an agreement with family members to discuss holiday spending and finances before you make any ___59___. The goal here is to learn one another’s thoughts and feelings about priorities and wishes. Be realistic, decide together on a budget and only use cash, rather than using credit cards. Avoid getting ___60___ unreasonable expectations. It makes no ___61___ to buy gifts you can not afford and put additional financial and emotional stress on yourself and your family that will cause problems long after the holidays are over.Other ways to ___62___ the burden of money-related holiday blues include an understanding that everyone faces money problems at one time or another. It’s important to keep your ___63___ situation in perspective, to learn from experience and then to proceed with your life.And lastly, make focusing on financial solutions a part of your New Year’s resolution. It’s the perfect time to take a __64___ approach by doing some soul-searching, forgiving yourself, letting go of the past and dealing with your financial problems in a businesslike manner each day.50. A. break up B. pop up C. put out D. wipe out51. A. ridiculous B. inconvenient C. stressful D. mysterious52. A. immediate B. social C. hidden D. leading53. A. listed B. felt C. resisted D. charged54. A. as if B. even if C. as long as D. if only55. A. price B. life C. rates D. bills56. A. resistant B. random C. personal D profitable57. A. success B. reminder C. pleasure D. challenge58. A. polish B. postpone C. minimize D. preserve59. A. excuses B. purchases C. statements D. inquiries60. A. caught up in B. ended up with C. put up in D. made up for61. A. efforts B. revenge C. desire D. sense62. A. ease B. resign C. launch D. transfer63. A. inadequate B. financial C. internal D. private64. A. reverse B. tender C. grand D. positiveSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The two-week vacation at the end of summer school ended yesterday. Kevin had gone nowhere during his vacation. He had the money, but he hated to travel alone. He used to take vacations with Gary, his youngest brother, but they had a big argument at the end of their last vacation. Each of them had spent the last three years waiting for the other to apologize.Kevin did not feel good about being on non-speaking terms with his favorite brother. But he was not going to ask for forgiveness when, in his mind, this whole misunderstanding was his brother’s fault.So Kevin’s summer vacation was spent in his own“back yard.” As usual, he had planned to clean up his apartment. As usual, two weeks later his apartment looked just as it had two weeks before.He did do one thing new and different during his vacation. There was a new coffee shop on Foothill Street. It served 25 varieties of delicious coffee at reasonable prices, and the staff was genuinely friendly. The shop was air-conditioned at a slightly chilly temperature. About eight small round tables were inside. Outside were four bigger tables. Each had four white metal chairs around it, and several big umbrellas provided shade. Even on hot afternoons, there was usually a pleasant breeze.Kevin visited the coffee shop four times during his vacation. He always sat at a table outside by himself and read the free daily paper. Each day he was there, he read most of the newspaper articles while he enjoyed two cups of coffee.Between articles, he took breaks by watching the nearby traffic and pedestrians. The coffee shop was next to a huge parking lot. The lot was for customers of a grocery store, movie rental store, pharmacy, bank, and restaurant. Kevin considered his outdoor seat the perfect place for one of his favorite activities—people watching.The coffee shop, with its excellent location and coffee, had helped make his vacation a pleasant one. But he knew in his heart, had his brother been there to join him just one day, his vacation would have been a perfect one.65. Why didn’t Kevin go anywhere during his vacation？A. Because he was short of money.B. Because he didn’t like traveling.C. Because he had no company.D. Because he had to clean up his apartment.66. What did Kevin do in his vacation?A. He cleaned up his apartment.B. He had a big argument with Gary.C. He worked in a parking lot.D. He stayed at home most of the time.67. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the coffee house?A. It served delicious coffee of different flavors.B. It had an effective air-conditioning system.C. It was often crowded with local customers.D. It provided free newspapers for customers.(B)The Campus BookstoreBookie’s, the campus bookstore is located at the Campus Activity Centre, main fl oor. Bookie’s is the only place in Kamloops to buy your course textbooks. There is a booklist in the bookstore listing the books required for each course. If you need help in finding your course textbooks, ask any of the staff in the bookstore.There are m ore than just textbooks at bookie’s. They carry a wide variety of stationary, art supplies and gift items. You can also buy telephone cards, postage stamps and bus passes. You must show your student card to get a discount for the bus passes. TEXTBOOK RETURNS1) Do I need my receipt to return books?Yes.2) How long do I have to return books?Books purchased must be returned within ten working days of the date of the purchase.3) What if I wrote my name in the book?Unfortunately, we can not give you a full refund for books not in mint condition as publishers will not accept this for credit.4) What happens if I miss the last day for return?We may purchase the text book as “used” in accordance with our Buyback program.5) Ｗhat if I discover that my book has missing pages half way through the semester? We will replace the defective books, new or used, for a like copy of that title. Cash refunds are not given for defective books returned outside the normal return dates.BUYBACKS1) What books do you buy back?We buy back all current edition textbooks. If we do not use them at UCC, we buy them back according to the value established in the North American marketplace.2) How much do I get for my books?If bookie’s is buying t he book for use at UCC, you will receive 50% of the current new retail price. In order to receive optimum buyback price, discs and supplements must accompany the book.3) What happens to the books that I sell?Books for bookie’s are processed by our staff and sold to students at 75% of the newretail price.4) What condition do my books need to be in?Books should be in good condition, meaning that the cover is still attached and all pages intact. Highlighting, notes and markings on the pages are perfectly fine. Workbooks and study guides are generally not purchased back unless they are free of all markings. No sales receipt is required for these books.Bookstore HoursMonday–Thursday 9:00am–6:00pmFriday 9:00am–5:00pmSaturday and Sunday Closed68. The intended readers of this passage are _______.A. Book dealersB. University studentsC. PublishersD. Campus staff69. The underlined word “defective” can best be replaced by ________.A. latestB. adaptedC. newD. faulty70. Bookie’s will not buy back your used textbook if _______.A. the cover of the book is missingB. there are markings and notes on the pagesC. you have lost the sales receiptD. you miss the last day for return71. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. Bookie’s is a place for students to buy their course textbooks.B. Student cards are needed to get a discount for the textbooks.C. Books bought in bookie’s can be returned within ten working days.D. Books bought back are processed by the staff and sold to students.(C)Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long inci sions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to rea ch the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in rece nt years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room).A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area —similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.72. What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?A. The cost of the traditional surgery is very high.B. It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body.C. Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest.D. The incision is often infected after the operation.73. Which of the following is one DISADVANTAGE of keyhole surgery?A. It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera.B. The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly.C. The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed.D. An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance.74. The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that _______.A. requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patientB. reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedureC. allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitivelyD. eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients75. The passage mainly tells the reader ________.A. the challenges brought about by new technologyB. the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical SystemC. the reflections on the development in medical scienceD. the application of new technologies in modern surgerySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.In order to present the best presentation and eliminate room for error, you need to keep in mind certain guidelines. Here's are some of my ideas for presenting quality presentation that demand genuine attention from your listeners.Picking out a topic is the hard part, when it comes to choosing from a list of presentation subjects. It has to be interesting, impactful and unique, therefore it is crucial to choose something you care about rather than randomly selecting one. Ask yourself if it covers angles －is it informative? Will it keep my listeners hooked? Will it create an air of boredom? Will I be able to get all my facts and research done? Is it appealing to me, but not to them?There's nothing more annoying than have someone blabber on about a topic he/she hasn't done extensive research on. It is obvious from the way they speak, how monotonous their tones sound and how robotic their movement and gestures are. So don't be that someone. Take the effort to learn as much as you can. Make it matter to you, and remember how it can impact your listeners, and enlighten them on things they didn't know about at all.No one is perfect, and there are bound to be mistakes or circumstances that you didn’t count on and couldn’t avoid. You could stutter with a word, mix up slides, or forget some important sheets of your presentation and so on. Straighten up. Crack a minor joke in your defense. In other words improvise and don't beat yourself up about it or else your presentation will end in disaster. Don't let it ruin the rest of it, and finish the presentation as planned, so that people think more of how well it ended.The best thing about presenting a topic is eye contact. If you are able to say it by heart, and not by looking at a piece of paper, you will have mastered the most effective presentation technique. Memorize your lines, and points, and only glance at your notes occasionally if you think you may forget something. In the end, if you think that you are well prepared to answer questions, then by all means invite them.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry”. This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many non-science students?The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing—the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board.The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers of meaning. Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate science classes, but it isimportant later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学).Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informational charts as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.” But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this: All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better. （Note： Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.）81. Why was this class very unusual?82. The experiment was designed to help teachers find out ________.83. The poetry class was different from science and engineering classes in that __________.84. What influence did the experiment had on those professors?第二卷（45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 同学们积极参加体育锻炼。

2011上海市高三英语阶段测试卷及答案

2011高三阶段测试卷听力略Ⅱ. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Since it is expected that Fed will cut interest rate again, there is no doubt ___the company will make the decision on raising the price of crude oil.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when26. It was believed by the ancient Egyptians that intellect was to the mind ___sight was to the body.A. whatB. soC. thatD.like27. ___I sympathize with those who have gone bankrupt, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties, especially when the U.S. economy has moved into a recession.A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even28. The progress of the patient who had been seriously injured in the Wengchuan earthquake was very encouraging as he could ___ get out of bed without help.A. nearlyB. hardlyC. merelyD. barely29. It was said that Bill Clinton was___to tell the truth that he had had an "inappropriate relationship" with Monica Lewinsky even to his closest friend.A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward30. Considering that she did her work___her manager had instructed, it was improper to criticize her.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though31. ___of the twins, who were famous for their sci-fi film Matrix, was arrested by NYPD on patrol at midnight, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All32. For some time now, world leaders___ out the necessity for agreement on climate change, the world economy and African development.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed 33. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where34. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners made in Shanghai in our apartment, ___should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they35. AIDS is said ___ the number-one killer of both men and women over the pastfew years in that poverty-stricken region where no medical services are available.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been36. The poor mother loved her baby so much that she managed to save___she could out of her wages to take care of it.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money37. Woman ___ Hillary Clinton is, she was bold enough to participate in the presidential campaign, 2008.A. whoB. asC. thatD. like38. The experiment on the monkey to test the new drug, which has already been advertised on TV, requires more money than___.A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in39. ___for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not40. “What courses are you going to take next semester if you want to receive enough credits to get your degree?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.”A. I’ d decideB. I decidedC. I decid eD. I’m decidingSection BDirections: complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual ___41___ and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind,wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others __42__ his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding __43___ with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to __44__ rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another,since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work,i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, __45__ that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage __46__ a hindrance（妨碍，阻碍）, but this skillis in many ways a luxury that he can do away with. It is, __47___ ,desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to __48___how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same __49__ to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not matter. There are many other skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Dae Jang Geum (《大长今》) is a hot new Korean TV series. Because of this series, my personal status and living standard have been greatly degraded. My girlfriend used to cook every evening. Well, now she does nothing but _50_ in front of the TV when she’s not at work, and commands me, “You —go to make some instant noodles. Come and watch the play and just imagine we are enjoying Korean _51_.”She also swears to learn all Korean dishes in Dae Jang Geum. So she orders me to _52_ the TV and record any details of Jang Geum’s cooking. But when she pres ented her version of Korean food, it is like the dog-meal. “You can _53_ get things done if you find the right tools”, my girlfriend blamed her clumsy (笨拙的) kitchen performances on _54_. So I decided to _55_ her a new kitchen knife. In a store, she became unusually patient when making her selection. She finally picked one that was _56_ Jang Geum’s. To prove that her slow knife skill was due to the blunt (钝的) knives, she _57_ her cutting. As a result, she hurt her fingers three times. Fortunately the knife is not _58_ the salesman boasts.My girlfriend is a fan of Jang Geum’s Korean _59_. Not only did she talk about the dress every day, she also threatened to change my tie into a butterfly knot like the one on Jang Geum’s dress. Finally, I lost my patience and took her to a maternity shop (孕妇专卖店) where I recommend one suit to her, “Do you think it looks like a Korean dress?” _60_, my future parents-in-law just happened to be shopping at the time. They were _61_ when they saw what we were doing.The Dae Jang Geum series _62_ realizing the ambition of the youth. However, it fails to realize my girlfriend’s. _63_ being engaged in her work or study, she simply sits on the sofa every night, staring at the TV, a bag of chips in her hand. This situation has _64_ even though the series is now over.50. A. stand B. lie C. seat D. sit51. A. fruit B. vegetables C. dishes D. cakes52. A. stand for B. go by C. pass by D. stand by53. A. easily B. hardly C. difficultly D. carefully54. A. her forks B. her spoons C. her knives D. her pans55. A. buy B. borrow C. lend D. fetch56. A. better than B. the closest shape of C. sharper than D. taken from57. A. speeded up B. slowed down C. brought down D. improved58. A. as fast as B. as dull as C. as slow as D. as sharp as59. A. diet style B. dish flavor C. dressing style D. cooking style60. A. Coincidently B. Disappointedly C. Fortunately D. Excitedly61. A. very puzzled B. pretty satisfied C. very pleased D. pretty shocked62. A. shoots at B. aims at C. directs at D. works at63. A. In spite of B. Because of C. Instead of D. In case of64. A. changed little B. turned a lot C. developed a little D. improved a lotSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, you could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, youhave something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.65. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”?A. You’ll certainly get what you want.B. It’s no use dreaming.C. You should be dissatisfied with what you have.D. It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.66. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________.A. an illustration of how to write an application for a jobB. an indication of how to secure a good jobC. a guideline for job descriptionD. a principle for job evaluation67. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because ________.A. that is the first step to please the employerB. that is the requirement of the employerC. it enables him to know when to sell his servicesD. it forces him to become clearly aware of himself(B)Birds that are literally half asleep--with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping--control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks. Earlier studies have documented half brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end of the row sleepers. Sure enough, in the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.Also, birds dozing(打盹) at the end of the line resorted to single hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four duck row, the researchers found outer birds half asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots."We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain，"the researchers say.The results provide the best evidence for a long standing supposition that single hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference foropening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing side by side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror side eye closed as if the reflection were companion and the other eye stayed open.Useful as half sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water mammals(哺乳动物) as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half brain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg (冰山)" He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.68. A new study on birds' sleep has revealed that ________ .A. half brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birdsB. half brain sleep is characterized by slow brain wavesC. birds can control their half brain sleep consciouslyD. birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest69. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ________ .A. they have to watch out for possible attacksB. their brain hemispheres take turns to restC. the two halves of their brain are differently structuredD. they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions70. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that ________.A. the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespreadB. birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of securityC. even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of securityD. a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror71. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to ________ . A. alert themselves to the approaching enemyB. emerge from water now and then to breatheC. be sensitive to the ever changing environmentD. avoid being swept away by rapid currents(C)A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking(揭穿……的真相) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic(治疗的) touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy field"to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily's test shows that these energy fields can't be detected, even by trained TT practitioners (行医者). Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, "Age doesn't matter. It's good science that matters, and this is good science."Emily's mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late '80s, when she learned itwas on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U. S.) don't even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient's body, pushing energy fields around unt il they’re in "balance." TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve Pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $ 70 an hour, to smooth patients' energy, sometimes during surgery. Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing--something they haven't been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He's had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fou rth grader? Says Emily: “I think they didn't take me very seriously because I'm a kid."The experiment was straight forward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs left or right and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they'd done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldn't feel it.72. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A. TT has been in existence for decades.B. Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C. TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D. More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.73. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ________.A. they didn't take the offer seriouslyB. they didn't want to risk their careerC. they were unwilling to reveal their secretD. they thought it was not in line with their practice74. The purpose of Emily Rosa's experiment was ________.A. to see why TT could work the way it didB. to find out how TT cured patients' illnessesC. to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD. to test whether a human energy field really existed75. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emil's experiment?A. It involved nothing more than mere guessing.B. They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C. It was more straightforward than other experiments.D. They sensed no harm in a little girl's experiment.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. How screen readers deal with multimedia web pagesB. The benefit screen readers bring to blind peopleC. What is necessary for blind people surfing onlineD. Solution to the case of weak eye-sighted peopleE. The working principle of screen readersF. The shortcomings of browsing the net with a screen reader76. _________Turning off the monitor and removing the mouse soon makes a web developer aware of the problems that arise when browsing web pages without vision. Speech output is essential (and/or Braille) in order for those who cannot see the text and pictures to be able to access the content.77. __________Screen readers use synthesized（合成的）speech and Braille is provided through a series of pins that move up and down (refreshable) as part of a Braille device which sit alongside a keyboard. Screen readers tell the user about all aspects of the page and all navigational links as well as menu items.78. _________They are verbose（冗长的）and tiring to listen to. A new user may only be able to cope with speeds of around 150 words per minute but an accomplished user has the speed set at around 250 - 300 words per minute, this is similar to average reading speeds. However, we do not read all that is on a web page and scanning or skipping items is the norm but with a screen reader thisis not always possible unless the site has been regularly visited. Too many navigational elements, often repeated on all pages can be very time consuming.79. _________Multimedia is often a problem but for example, if there are accessible MP3 players available, new versions of screen readers will often re-format the web pages to make them readable, and provide separate lists for links and other navigational aids to speed the process. They cope better with frames and tables but only if they are written correctly.80. _________People with weak eyesight may have a restricted field of view, problems with reading small or moving elements, and recognizing text with poor contrast or color choices. They may require screen magnification, better color contrast or glare filters. Screen magnification programs are used to enlarge text and pictures and can also provide focus within a small area with an enlarged cursor or pointer.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.(本大题做在答题纸上)Libraries everywhere in the world have always been people’s only access to important sources of information. This historical function of libraries has worked out for centuries and has made libraries a necessity to people. Now, that function has been called into question by the fast development of digital media over the past several decades. In order to continue to hold the public interest, libraries everywhere are forced to develop means of granting access to these expensive new services to average people.In the past, the publishing industry maintained the rights of libraries to freely provide published materials on the condition that libraries bought so many of their books. Since the new electronic publications can easily be copied in their completeness by the library readers, the publishing industry is reconsidering its former support of the library system. There have even been attempts to stop libraries from delivering digital media.In addition to the reluctant cooperation of the publishing industry, there is the problem that the newer forms of information are much more specialized than those which they replace. Deciding how to transfer already limited resources is increasingly difficult as there are more methods. While a single reference index(索引) might have covered an entire field in the past, now there are frequently several specialized indexes available in electronic form. Above all, in order to continue to make use of the newer technology, libraries must decide which kinds of material are most useful to the majority of their readers. There are many different solutions being applied, but only the process of trial and error will help find out the most effective method. （Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS）81. What has been called into question?82. In the past, publishers cooperate with libraries because ______________.83. The most important way to use the new technology is to determine ________84. According to the passage, how can best solutions be found?第II 卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这个主意听起来很好，可是做起来行得通吗？(sound)2. 如果你怀疑有煤气泄漏，请不要开电灯。

2011高考卷--上海英语试卷

2011高考卷上海英语试卷一、听力部分（共30分）Section A（110）听对话，选择最佳答案。

1. What does the man mean?A. He doesn't like the gift.B. He appreciates the gift.C. He wants to return the gift.2. What is the woman's occupation?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.C. A nurse.3. Why is the man late for the meeting?A. He got stuck in traffic.B. He forgot about the meeting.C. He overslept.4. What will the woman do next?A. Go to the library.B. Attend a party.C. Watch a movie.5. What does the man suggest?A. Eating out.B. Cooking at home.C. Ordering takeout.Section B（1120）听短文，选择最佳答案。

6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Environmental protection.B. Public transportation.C. Traffic congestion.7. According to the passage, what is the purpose of the new policy?A. To reduce air pollution.B. To improve road conditions.C. To promote public transportation.8. Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Building more parking lots.B. Encouraging carpooling.C. Developing bikesharing programs.9. What is the author's attitude towards the new policy?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.10. What will the city government do next?A. Invest in subway construction.B. Raise the price of gasoline.C. Limit the number of private cars.Section C（2130）听长对话，选择最佳答案。

2011上海各区高三英语一模答案

奉贤I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 ADBCC 30-34 BCACD 35-39 AADDC 40 D41-45 GADBH 46-49 JFECIII.Reading50-64 BCDAB CADAB BCDBD65-68 BCDD 69-71 CDD 72-75 CADB76-80 BCFAD81. it is hosting the climate talks. / 190 world leaders are attending the climate talks there82. They are famous for their clean lines, simplicity and functionality. / Clean lines, simplicity and functionality83. architecture, sculpture and design84. The simpler lifestyle in Denmark. / The high quality of life in DenmarkTranslationNowadays people are more concerned about food safety.I don’t think he will change his mind easily.We senior high students should have great ambition and should not be satisfied with the present situation.Be sure to protect the environment and think of others when travelling.We hold the same view that everyone, whether (he or she is) gifted or not, is a successful person as long as he or she makes certain contribution to the society.普陀I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 DADDA 30-34 CBAAD 35-39 CBCDC 40 A41-45 IFJAB 46-49 GECDIII.Reading50-64 ADACC CDBDA BADBD65-68 DBDA 69-71 BAD 72-75 ABCA76-80 CDEAF81. Show the differences between Chinese culture and American culture82. likely to know advantages and disadvantages of things83. personalities of Chinese and American are different84. Polarities between American and Chinese culture.TranslationThe completion (building) of the tunnels under the Huangpu River has greatly promoted the development of Pudong.In western countries, it is quite common for a person to consult a psychologist if / when he has some psychological problems.It’s kind of responsible tourism which seriously takes ecology and culture into considerati on.All the students present wish that the speaker would confine himself to the subject.He is superior to any member in the company in computer technology.长宁I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 ACDCB 30-34 ABACB 35-39 DBACA 40 A41-45 GJHFC 46-49 DBEAIII.Reading50-64 BDCAD ABABC DABDA65-68 DBBA 69-71 BAD 72-75 CDBA76-80 FCBAE81. Strong winds, human errors.82. stop; control; prevent.83. They battled / put out a fire just the night before. 或They went to a wrong place.84. (Because) the city’s water pumps were destroyed in the fire.TranslationIt is your effort(s) not your intelligence that determine your success.It’s bad manners to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed/Dim light and soft music are supposed to produce a romantic atmosphere.Hearing the news that his favorite team won the match, he was too excited to fall asleep last night.Even if peace should come to Korean Peninsula, many problems would remain to be solved.或Even if peace came to Korean Peninsula, many problems would remain to be solved.或Even if peace comes to Korean Peninsula, many problems remain to be solved.闵行I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 ACDCB 30-34 ABABD 35-39 AADDC 40 C41-45 CHBEJ 46-49 IAGFIII.Reading50-64 BADCC DABCD ABCDA65-68 ACDC 69-71 BDA 72-75 DCBA76-80 DFAEB81. are controlled by others82. They are likely to live unhappy and limit lives. / They will live unhappy and limit lives.83. Because people change their opinions all the time.84. making a conscious decision to stop caring others’ thoughts caring less about others’ thoughts / paying little attention to … / taking little notice of…TranslationWish you success in the interview.The poem is too abstract for me to fully (totally / completely / entirely)understand.To keep us in good health, we should set aside (spare) some time to exercise ourselves (do exercises) everyday.You won’t be able to know the joy the game brings about unless yo u participate in it yourself. (The sense of ) Fire protection should not be neglected ( We should not neglect fire protection ), or great damage might be caused to the lives and property.虹口I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29BCBDD 30-34 AABCB 35-39 ACDAC 40 A41-45 CAGEB 46-49 IHJDIII.Reading50-64 DCCAA DBCDB CBBAD65-68 DABC 69-71BAD 72-75 BCDC76-80 FDABE81. lend books but (also) offer more (online and electronic ) resources.82. Providing video recordings and the Interlibrary Loan.83.students make requests for parts of books and articles.84.They have started cafes / have offered café services and become all-night affairs / let students stay longer.TranslationIt is pleasant having / to have a hot drink on a cold winter day / on cold winter days.All the senior three students are required to have a physical examination / check-up before they take the entrance examinations.These colorful fruit bowls caught my eye at that time, reminding me of the happy childhood.In some cases, what matters is not the result but whether you have enjoyed the process.Now that the tickets for economy class are popular, we should call the booking / ticket office to in quire as soon as possible, so that we won’t miss/ lose the golden chance.卢湾I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29DADCD 30-34 ABAAC 35-39 CDCDC 40 C41-45 FHIAD 46-49 GBJEIII.Reading50-64 ADCAC BCDAB CBADA65-67 CBB 68-71 DCDD 72-75 DCBB76-80 BAEFC81. developing skills and ideas for yourself82. be able to tell when a good situation might come83. One must take a whole series of similar pictures.84.The passage is mainly about an introduction to photography.TranslationProfessor Wang mentioned his new argument in the article.You may consult these experts / specialists if you have some problems.That old lady cannot put up with the noises from the construction field and called the police.He failed to resist the temptation of the delicious food in the reception and ate a lot.Those women pointed out that they were not servants of the family and they should have more time to enjoy the life.徐汇（松江）I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 CDBCC 30-34 BCBCD 35-39 BCAAB 40 C41-45 HCEAI 46-49 FGDJIII.Reading50-64 BCDAB DCDCB ADABD65-67 CDC 68-71 BDAB 72-75 BCCD76-80 FCBDA81. The students were ( science or engineering ) professors from a university/82. why many non-science / humanities students find science hard to learn83. the instructors just talked and they did n’t write anything on the board84. All of the professors began to reflect on their way of teaching.TranslationThe students take an active part in physical exercise.Confidence and patience are considered ( to be ) the key to success.There are many simple and effective ways to assess a person’s knowledge and ability.The performance put up by the disabled / The disabled people’s performance last night was so successful that many people were moved to tears.He was busy reviewing his lessons and preparing for the exam the whole weekend, only taking a break at meal time.嘉定I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 DAADB 30-34 CBCBB 35-39 BDACB 40 C41-45 IEGAD 46-49 JHCBIII.Reading50-64 BADAB ACDCB ADBCA65-68 ACBC 69-71 ADC 72-75 CACD76-80 EDBCA81. Eating together at restaurant / cafes / having a “small talk”82. even talk and silence can be culturally different83. by recognizing / understanding different values84. Cross-cultural differences / Better understanding between different cultures.TranslationRegardless of its price, she is going to buy the beautiful dress.Do those paintings exhibited in the gallery last week appeal to you?Lack of communication between parents and children has become a social problem.Shanghai successfully hosted World Expo, which makes a great difference for the economic development in Shanghai.The survey conducted recently in our school indicates that the majority of the students have participated in the discussion online / on the Internet about what has happened in the school. / According to a survey con ducted recently in our school, …静安I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 CBACB 30-34 ADABC 35-39 DBCCD 40 A41-45 HEAJB 46-49 IFDGIII.Reading50-64 BBCDA DBCCB ADCAA65-67 CBC 68-71 ACBD 72-75 BCAD76-80 EDACF81. The / A far greater number of learning centers, scholars and students.82. the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise mostly appear83. keep up with current developments84. friendship formed by scholars at meetingsTranslationNow everyone has access to education.Many international soccer competitions occur around the world every year.Tom can’t communicate well with others because / for he always lacks eye contact.或Tom can’t communicate well with others because of / for his lack of eye contact.To help prevent the visitors’ / tourists’ safety, visitors are not allowed to be admitted to the park / parks after nine.Though he is equal to me in skill and experience, either of us is likely to win the championship.杨浦I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 DCBCD 30-34 DADCB 35-39 CCDCD 40 B41-45 GEIBJ 46-49 CHDFIII.Reading50-64 CBACA DACDB ACBDB65-68 DCBB 69-71 DDB 72-75 BCDB76-80 CEAFB81. alcohol is an important factor of road accidents82. 25 times more likely to crash83. Because alcohol gives them a false sense of confidence.84. No. Because their fitness level and health of liver should also be considered.TranslationReading electronic books is becoming a new trend for young people.The high speed line between Hangzhou and Shanghai cut travel time to one hour.After a month’s redecoration, the China Pavilion reopened to the public.To the students’ delight / joy, they ca n also have access to the school library during the vacation. / What delights the students is that…Internet plays such an important role in our daily life that people feel at a loss when they can’t go online / surf the Internet / don’t’ have Internet acc ess.黄浦I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 BDBBD 30-34 CACCD 35-39 DBACA 40 A41-45 DGJFB 46-49 IHCEIII.Reading50-64 DDAAC BCADB BBDCC65-68 BCDA 69-71 ADA 72-75 CBDB76-80 DACEB81. A knowledge of nature and world around them82. could feed on the crops one farmer grew83. Because farmers needed to know when to plant and harvest their crops.84. Around the year 800.TranslationHow / What about having another cup of coffee?If it is convenient, please show me around the museum at the weekend.The wife spent 2000 yuan buying the bag / The wife bought the bag for 2000 yuan / It took the wife 2000 yuan to buy the bag, while the husband thought it wasn’t worth the price.Whatever difficulties you may meet with, keep working (hard) until you realize your dream.To my surprise, the little boy was so clever that he worked out the problem that many adults failed to answer in so short a time / in such a short time.宝山I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 CDABB 30-34 CBBDD 35-39 BCBAB 40 A41-45 AFCDG 46-49 IJBEIII.Reading50-64 BCAAC DBAAB DBACB65-68 ABBD 69-71 ACC 72-75 DABD76-80 DFEBA81. male smokers breathe in the smoke more deeply than female ones82. critical opposed83. No, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effect.84. To advise people not to smoke.I’m sorry / I’m unable / not able to / can’t attend the meeting today.Don’t worry. I’ll be sending the material you require by e-mail.Different kinds of media make it possible that we obtain a large amount of valuable information in time.Share your progress, challenges, failure with the people around you, and you’ll find help from them.With the rapid development of society, a growing number of people are eager to show themselves to the public, which has resulted in various / all kinds of amusements.浦东新区I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 BAABC 30-34 CCBDD 35-39 DBBBC 40 C41-45 BCAFE 46-49 DGHJIII.Reading50-64 ABDCD ACADB ABACA65-67 CAD 68-71 CDBA 72-75 CDBA76-80 BDFEA81. build us / people up or tear us / people down / be positive or negative / hurt or heal / encourage or discourage us / people82. stay positive83. encourage / praise ourselves84. We’d better leave the words unsaid.TranslationLanguage learners should take ( advantage of ) every chance / opportunity to use / practice theStudents should be encouraged to get into / fall into / develop / form / cultivate / acquire / be in / have the good habit of thinking independently.或We should encourage students to…Before setting out on / for / going on a journey / travel / journey / starting out / off / (going) travelling, make sure / see to it / ensure / guarantee / assure yourself that you get / have got everything ready / get fully prepared / make full / good preparations.或Before (going) travelling / going on trip, be sure to get everything ready / get fully prepared / make full preparations.Although / though two-thirds of the earth’s surface / the surface of the earth is cove red by / with water / water covers two-thirds of the earth’s surface / the surface of the earth, many places around the world still seriously lack water / are still terribly / very short of water / water / it is (still) in short supply / is needed badly in many places on the earth.However demanding and challenging the task is, she firmly believes / she holds a firm belief / she is fully convinced that as long as she perseveres (in it) / keeps on trying hard, she is bound to / is sure to fulfill / accomplish / complete / succeed in it.金山I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 BDAAB 30-34 DBCAC 35-39 BADAD 40 B41-45 DJAGE 46-49 BFICIII.Reading50-64 DABDA BBCDB ABCDC65-68 DACB 69-71 ACB 72-75 CBDB76-80 DAEFB81. feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits // the desire to learn, will-power and self-confidence82. the genetic factors, state of poor nutrition or laziness83. Students lose self-confidence.84. Adults (Parents and teachers ) should be teenagers’ best psychologist and fully understand them.TranslationHe adopts / (has) adopted my advice / suggestion(s) / proposal(s).I appreciated what she had done for me.或I appreciate what she had done for me.Despite difficulties, we will try hard to complete / achieve / accomplish / fulfill the task.或Despite the fact that there are difficulties, we will try to complete / achieve / accomplish / fulfill the task.To meet the needs of the 2010 Shanghai Expo, a lot of modern hotels and exhibition halls have been set up in Shanghai.闸北I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 ABCBD 30-34 CBDBA 35-39 ACBCB 40 D41-45 EAJCI 46-49 HDBFIII.Reading50-64 ABCBA BDAAD BABBC65-68 ACBB 69-71 CCD 72-75 DAAD76-80 DEBCA81. That the university arranged roommates for the students.82. additional school costs and kid’s sharing rooms with “wrong” guys83. the selection of courses84. Because it’s meaningless for them to choose their own roommates.TranslationMany students like playing basketball indoors in winter.Children should be encouraged to play a main role in class activities.However cold it was, he insisted on going to school on foot despite parents’ objection.To meet residents’ need, the school is accessible to the public at we ekends.It is no longer a dream to live comfortably without stepping out of the room with a variety of modern purchase methods.青浦I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 DBDCD 30-34 BDABC 35-39 DDCAB 40 B41-45 DCAFG 46-49 JBEIIII.Reading50-64 CADAD BABAC BDBCA65-67 CBB 68-71 CBDA 72-75 CBCA76-80 EBAFC81.there is / are practically nothing / few animals left to hunt82. to earn people’s admiration83. Hunting with spears and bravely catching them by the tail84. Modern hunters lack the courage to hunt face-to-face. / modern hunting is cruel and senselessTranslationHe is reluctant to set aside some money.Many experts / specialist appealed to people to preserve / protect the old buildings well.As the singer had no idea how to sing the new song well, she / he decided to consult Steven. Whatever you are for or against the plan, you have to vote by 12 tomorrow noon.It is more likely that those who are well-educated will understand that fact that donating blood requires only a little courage.崇明I.II.Grammar and vocabulary25-29 BCDBD 30-34 DDCDA 35-39 BACDA 40 C41-45 EGAJC 46-49 HFBDIII.Reading50-64 BCADC DABDB ACDCC65-68 ADCD 69-71 BAD 72-75 CDBD76-80 DFACE81. An end to the friendship.82. how to mend a troubled friendship / the way / tips to mend a troubled friendship83. develop / take care84. our needs and lifestyleTranslationThe book on computer is worth reading.We’d appreciated it very much if you’d help us (to) solve / work out the problem.Despite / In spite of many difficulties, his rich working experience qualified him for / to do the job.There is no doubt that / No doubt, only those who face up to challenges are likely to succeed. / to be successful / to achieve success.Great changes have taken place in Chongming / Chongming has experienced great changes since the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge was opened to traffic, and Chongming is no longer what is used to be。

2011年上海高考英语试题含答案

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection ASection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. NoteA. launchedB. unpleasantC. applyingD. technicallyE. impactF. coatingG. fixedH. miraculouslyI. superiorJ. advancesHow would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that ther e is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BSe ction CSection DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether bychance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)65.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?66.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?67.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.68.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s)an organization more successful.第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。

2011年上海市高考英语试题

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A;you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a train station. B. At an airport.C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station.2. A. $5. B. $10.C. $15.D. $50.3. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied.C. Bo red.D. Exhausted.5. A. Her hair has changed. B. She isn’t satisfied with her hair style.C. She prefers to wear long hair.D. The man has changed his hair style.6. A. It is too early to watch the Talent Show. B. He will go to bed in five minutes.C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed.D. He is old enough to stay up.7. A. She has got everything ready. B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.8. A. They should wait for John for a while. B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.9. A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat. B. Her neighbors get along well with her.C. She can’t tell the man why she is moving.D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud.10.A. Ask for directions. B. Try a different route.C. Go back for the map.D. Cancel their trip.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A political system. B. Religion.C. Working language.D. Race.12.A. Discuss current issues. B. Join in a writing competition.C. Attend an arts and crafts competition.D. Celebrate their friendship.13.A. The Commonwealth Games. B. An important holiday.C. The Commonwealth members.D. An international association.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14.A. Equipping students with knowledge. B. Qualifying students for certain jobs.C. Developing students’ habits of mind.D. Helping students to go to graduate school.15.A. The ability to have critical analysis. B. Creative use of leisure time.C. Logical use of information.D. Willingness to accept uncertainty.16.A. Goals to reach in a college education. B. Roles of knowledge in students’ growth.C. Qualifications needed for a job.D. Importance of after-class activities. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from26.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another27.It’s no use ______ without taking action.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained28.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A. can’tB. m ustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t29.When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they hadmanaged with ______ money.A. so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little30.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, ______?A. doesn’t itB. does itC. don’t theyD. do they31.After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.A. rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued32.The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ______ thathe could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized34.Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed35.There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that36.If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comesout on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until37.The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if38.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ othersactually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what39.You’ll find taxis wait ing at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only bethat has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Amongthem are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice m ost companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounce d it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication.A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cov er teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favourite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil w ho has crossed her path.65.Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67.Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______.A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs68.We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ______.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningBHumpback whalesA. cannot survive in waters near the shoreB. doesn’t live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on underwater plantsD. prefers to work alone when hunting food70.To make a breach, a humpback whale must ______.A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of waterD. communicate with a group of humpbacks.71.From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ______.A. has its unique markings on it tail flukesB. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from the way it huntsD. is a great performer due to its songsCHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and o f museum practice,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two ye ars ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.72.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.74.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.Se ction CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each76.______With the arrival of the age of “information economy”, intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their inf ormation. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson.77.______There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper’s owner, Lord Copper. The editors can never disagree with him. When he’s right about something they answer “definitely”, and when he’s wrong they say “to some extent, Lord Copper.” It seems reasonable to suppose that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.78.______In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be excitingpictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment. There is progressively less room for historical background, or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story.79.______There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms. But what it will mean also is that we’ll be subjected to a still greater amount of nonsense and lies. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year, or equally, a made-up story that you will never be able to check.80.______Maybe the time has come to do something about it, and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices: switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust. The investigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?82.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?83.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation___________________________.84.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。

2011高考英语真题上海卷

2011上海卷阅读表达Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81. What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?82. What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?83. After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.84. From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.参考答案01—05.BAABA 06—10.CDCDC 11—13.CDD 14—16. CBA17. 655038 18. seafood 19.rubbish 20. recycling21. a few seconds 22. a shopping list 23. Majorevents 24.is permanent25—29.ADBDC 30—34.BBACA 35—40.DDCDAB 41—45. BIHCA46—49.FGJE 50—54.BCBDA 55—59.CDCAB 60—64. BCCDB65—68.DAAB 69—71. BAA 72—75.BCDD 76—80. BEFCD81. An organization of more than 200 individuals.82. Structuring smaller organizations and building direct personal relationships.83. seemed to be more difficult / less satisfying84. the close social networks / the free flow of information / the causal communication1. Why not/ Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet?2.I often mistake Wang Hai for his twin brother because they look so similar / very much alike.3.Asfor parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and mental health.4.No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.5.If you can find whatever learning method (that)suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likelyto improve remarkably.。

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷

2011年上海高考英语试卷句答案完美解析(word版)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

共150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第一卷注意事项：1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

3. 考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Part I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a train station.B. At an airport.C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station.2. How much is the service charge if the food costs 50 dollars?A. $5B. $10C. $15D. $503. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Receptionist and guest.B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. How does the man feel?A. Excited.B. Dissatisfied.C. Bo red.D. Exhausted.5. What does the woman mean?A. Her hair has changed.B. She iSn’t SatiSfied with her hair Style.C. She prefers to wear long hair.D. The man has changed his hair style.6. What does the man mean?A. It is too early to watch the Talent Show.B. He will go to bed in five minutes.C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed.D. He is old enough to stay up.7. What can we learn about Jenny?A. She has got everything ready.B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.8. What does the woman mean?A. They should wait for John for a while.B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.9. What can we learn about the woman?A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat.B. Her neighbors get along well with her.C. She Can’t tell the man why She iS moving.D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud.10. What will the speakers probably do?A. Ask for directions.B. Try a different route.C. Go back for the map.D. Cancel their trip.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. What do the member states of the Common Wealth have in common?A. A political system.B. Religion.C. Working language.D. Race.12. What do people do on Common Wealth Day according to the passage?A. Discuss current issues.B. Join in a writing competition.C. Attend an arts and crafts competition.D. Celebrate their friendship.13. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Commonwealth Games.B. An important holiday.C. The Commonwealth members.D. An international association.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. Which of the following is regarded as the most important at Harvard?A. Equipping students with knowledge.B. Qualifying students for certain jobs.C. developing StudentS’ haBitS of mind.D. Helping students to go to graduate school.15. Which quality mentioned below can be cultivated both inside and outside the classroom?A. The ability to have critical analysis.B. Creative use of leisure time.C. Logical use of information.D. Willingness to accept uncertainty.16. What is the speech mainly about?A. Goals to reach in a college education.B. roleS of knowledge in StudentS’ growth.C. Qualifications needed for a job.D. Importance of after-class activities.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Part II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ____ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from26. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ____.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another27. it’S no uSe ____ without taking aCtion.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained28. I ____ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.a. Can’t B. muStn’t C. daren’t d. needn’t29. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had managed with ____ money.A. so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little30. it doeSn’t matter if they want to Come to your party, ____?a. doeSn’t it B. does it C. don’t they D. do they31. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ____ four days later.A. rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued32. The rare fish, ____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ____ that he could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD.being realized34. Did you predict that many students ____ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed35. There is clear evidence ____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that36. If a lot of people say a film i S not good, i won’t Bother to See it, or i’ll wait ____ it comes out on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until37. The police officers in our city work hard ____ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if38. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ____ others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what39. you’ll find taxiS waiting at the BuS Station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as40. today we have Chat roomS, text meSSaging, emailing… But we Seem ____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature iS known aS the “lotuS effeCt”. the name ComeS, of CourSe, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43 clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, evenmore dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.Part III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease inthe number of defecting(流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.in the uS, domino’S Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “in praCtiCe moSt CompanieS’ marketing effort iS foCuSed on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, SayS adrian payne of Cornfield univerSity’ SChool of management. “reSearCh suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at leastD. first of all51. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference57. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’S Brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she liStened to my voiCe and pronounCed it good. i Couldn’t danCe; She taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just Children’S theatre But adult ComedieS and dramaS—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. even aS a Child i had a Strong liking for humor, and i’ll n ever forget the joy of diSCovering don marquiS’S Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the edit or aS a “youth ColumniSt”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite nieCe”. li ke a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil w ho hascrossed her path.65. Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66. What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ________.A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs68. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ________.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningB69. According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale ________.A. cannot survive in waters near the shoreB. doeSn’t live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on underwater plantsD. prefers to work alone when hunting food70. To make a breach, a humpback whale must ________.A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of waterD. communicate with a group of humpbacks.71. From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ________.A. has its unique markings on it tail flukesB. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from the way it huntsD. is a great performer due to its songsCHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40arChaeologiStS write of their “deep and wideSpread ConCern” aBout the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“your Current requirement that all arChaeologiCally unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum praCtiCe,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, buthas so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “arChaeologiStS have Been extremely patient BeCauSe we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we Cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.72. According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ________.A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.74. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. the law on human remainS haSn’t Changed in reCent deC ades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76. ______with the arrival of the age of “information eConomy”, intelleCtual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson.77. ______There is a joke in the novel Scoop aBout the newSpaper’S owner, lord Copper. the editorS Can never diSagree with him. when he’S right aBoutsomething they ans wer “definitely”, and when he’S wrong they Say “to Some extent, lord Copper.” it SeemS reaSonaBle to SuppoSe that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.78. ______In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment. There is progressively less room for historical background, or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story.79. ______There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms. But what it will mean alSo iS that we’ll Be SuBjeCted to a Still greater amount of nonSenSe and lies. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year, or equally, a made-up story that you will never be able to check.80. ______mayBe the time haS Come to do Something aBout it, and i don’t juSt mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices: switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust. Theinvestigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognized that organizations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organizations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for noapparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81. What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?82. What are the two solutions to the communication problem withina large organization?83. After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation _____________________.84. From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.第二卷注意事项：1. 用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。

上海市黄浦区2011届高三第一学期期末考试试--英语

上海市黄浦区2011届高三第一学期期末考试试（英语）卷（完卷时间： 120分钟满分： 150分）2011年1月12日下午第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short Conversations1. A. A dentist. B. Adoctor. C. A repairman. D. A waiter.2. A. Music. B. Pop stars. C. Shopping. D. Travelling.3. A. In a cinema. B. In a bookstore. C. In a restaurant. D. In a department store.4. A. A gift. B.Christmas. C. Living room. D. The son.5. A. July 9. B. July 19. C. July 20. D. July 29.6. A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. D. Teacher and student.7. A. Working on the bus. B. Being late for the class.C. Walking to the classroom.D. Waiting for the bus to come.8. A. The man is moving to his new flat. B. The man has just moved into the new flat.C. The man is helping the woman with her new flat.D. The man is too busy to keep his new flat in order.9. A. Excited. B.Indifferent. C. Surprised. D. Uninterested.10. A. He visited the Big Ben Tower last winter. B. He has visited the Big Ben Tower once.C. He has visited the Big Ben Tower twice.D. He will visit the Big Ben Tower in June.Section B PassagesQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To improve physical fitness. B. To develop leadership skills.C. To improve personal relations.D. To cultivate adventurous spirit.12. A. 8 days. B. 12 days. C. 20 days. D. 32 days.13. A. Interest. B. Enough money. C. Past experience. D. Start-of-program test.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The woman insisted on going home.B. The police made inquiries about the woman.C. The policeman rushed the woman to the nearest hospital.D. The unknown creatures carried out some tests on the woman.15. A. They were polite. B. They looked strange.C. They talked to the woman.D. They forced the woman to stay with them.16. A. A Strange Couple B.A Helpful Policeman C. An Unsolved Mystery D. Some strange creaturesSection C Longer ConversationsBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD OR NUMBER for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. We are all born _____ a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works.A. ofB. withC.by D. into26. Tommy and his younger sister play together, but their brother likes being by _____.A. oneselfB. herselfC. themselvesD. himself27．I wonder why Jenny _____ to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. doesn’t writeB. hasn’t writtenC.won’t write D. hadn’t written28．Was it during the Second World War _____ he died?A. whenB. thatC. in whichD. then29. There is still a long way to go _____ the above questions could be answered.A. onceB. whenC. afterD. before30. Some people were _____ at performing a particular taskthan others, so they began to specialize in what they were good at doing.A. poorerB. bestC. betterD. good31. –That’s Mr Smith, the bank manager, who’s wearing apair of shorts. – He _____ on holiday.A. must beB. should have beenC. might have beenD. can’t be32. The kill is the exciting moment in the life of the lions, since they spend most of their time, about 20 hours a day, _____.A. to sleepB. to besleeping C. sleeping D. slept33. The Saraha Festival _____ to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December.A. will be fixedB. doesn’t fixC. is not fixedD. is fixed34. The manager, _____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting roomA. to makeB. madeC. being madeD. having made35. We will discuss _____ information is, or can be, organized in the course of Journalism.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how36. _____ a successful fish scientist, you need to have a curious mind and be able to work on your own.A. BecomeB. To becomeC. BecomingD. Having become37. The first reality TV show in the world _____ Expedition Robinson was shown in Sweden in 1997.继续阅读。

英语_2011年上海市高考英语试卷_复习

2011年上海市高考英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension1. Section ADirections：In Section A；you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversatio n，a question will be asked about what was said．The conversations and the questions will be s poken only once．After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard．1．A．At a train station．B．At an airport．C．At a travel agency．D．At a bus station．2．A.5．B.10． C.15．D.50．3．A．Receptionist and guest．B．Salesperson and customer．C．Doctor and patient．D．Waiter and diner．4．A．Excited．B．Dissatisfied．C．Bo red．D．Exhausted．5．A．Her hair has changed．B．She isn't satisfied with her hair style．C．She prefers to wear long hair．D．The man has changed his hair style．6．A．It is too early to watch the Talent Show．B．He will go to bed in five minutes．C．He would rather watch TV than go to bed．D．He is old enough to stay up．7．A．She has got everything ready．B．She never hesitates over what to take．C．She hates packing by herself．D．She needs more time for packing．8．A．They should wait for John for a while．B．They should stay here for the night．C．They should start the meeting right away．D．They should call John at once．9．A．She is unwilling to move into a new flat．B．Her neighbors get along well with her．C．She can't tell the man why she is moving．D．Her neighbors usually play their TV loud．10．A．Ask for directions．B．Try a different route．C．Go back for the map．D．Cancel their trip．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages，and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages．The passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once．When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answ er to the question you have heard．Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage．11．A．A political system．B．Religion．C．Working language．D．Race．12．A．Discuss current issues．B．Join in a writing competition．C．Attend an arts and crafts competition．D．Celebrate their friendship．13．A．The Commonwealth Games．B．An important holiday．C．The Commonwealth members．D．An international association．Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news．14．A．Equipping students with knowledge．B．Qualifying students for certain jobs．C．Developing students'habits of mind．D．Helping students to go to graduate school．15．A．The ability to have critical analysis．B．Creative use of leisure time．C．Logical use of information．D．Willingness to accept uncertainty．16．A．Goals to reach in a college education．B．Roles of knowledge in students'growth．C．Qualifications needed for a job．D．Importance of after-class activities．Section CDirections：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you he ar each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write ONE WORD for each answer．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．二、II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.2. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years．（）A throughB upC withD from3. To stay awake，he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______．（）A the otherB otherC the othersD another4. It's no use ______ without taking action.A complainB complainingC being complainedD to be complained5. I ______ worry about my weekend﹣I always have my plans ready before it comes．（）A can'tB mustn'tC daren'tD needn't6. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage，she wondered how they had managed with ______ money．（）A so fewB such fewC so littleD such little7. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party，______？（）A doesn’t itB does itC don’t theyD do they8. After getting lost in a storm，a member of the navy team ______ four days later．（）A rescuedB was rescuedC has rescuedD had been rescued9. The rare fish，______ from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea．（）A savedB savingC to be savedD having saved10. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam．Then I changed my mind,______ that he could do nothing to help．（）A to realizeB realizedC realizingD being realized11. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition？（）A would signB signedC have signedD had signed12. There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain．（）A whatB ifC howD that13. If a lot of people say a film is not good，I won’t bother to see it，or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD．（）A whetherB afterC thoughD until14. The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life．（）A in caseB as ifC in order thatD only if15. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand．（）A whyB thatC whichD what16. You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family．（）A whichB whereC whenD as17. Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emailing…but we seem ______ the art of communicating face﹣to﹣face．（）A losingB to be losingC to be lostD having lost18. Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．A．launched B．unpleasant C．applying D．technically E．impactF．coating G．fixed H．miraculously I．superior J．advancesHow would you li ke to wear the same underwear （内衣裤） for weeks？Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials，this may not be as （41）________ as it sounds．Self-cleaning clothes have now been created，and these new materials provide（42）________ resistance to dirt as well as water．As a result，they require much less cleaning than traditional materials．The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products ．This self-cleaning nature is known as the“lotus effect”．The name comes，of course，from the lotus leaves，which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost（43）________clean．By observing nature，scientists are （44）________ the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered．Because of thi s，some remarkable new products have been （45）________．Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water．A special （46）________ on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces，but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain．In fact，these new windows have already been（47）________ to some cars．Even when traveling at high speed through rain，these cars never have to use their windshield wipers （雨刮器）．Although we have already seen some practical applications，even more dramatic （48）________ will be made in the future，and they will，perhaps，change our world completely．Undoubtedly，technology is an important development，and it will have an even bigger （49）________ on our lives．III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA19. Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining （留住） customers．It sounds simple and achievable．But，（50）________，words of wisdom are soon forgotten．Once companies have attracted customers they often （51）________ the second half of the story．In the excitement of beating off the competition，negotiating prices，securing orders，and delivering the product，managers tend to become carried away．They forget what they regard as the boring side of business-（52）________ that the customer remains a customer．（53）________ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amou nts of money annually．It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10and 30per cent of its customers every years．In constantly changing （54）________，this is not surprising．What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost．Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate th e（55）________implications．Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big （56）________ in its performance．Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the nu mber of defecting （流失的） customers led to （57）________ increases of between 25and 85per cent．In the US，Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5，000over ten years．A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and（58）________ never returns，is losing the company thousands of dollars in（59）________ profits （more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience）．The logic behind cultivating customer （60）________ is impossible to deny．“In practice most companies’marketing effort is focused on ge tting customers，with little attention paid to（61）________ them”，says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’School of Management．“Research suggests that t here is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits．（62）________ customers tend to buy more，are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers．Furthermore，they tend to be less price （63）________，and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising．Retaining customers also makes it （64）________ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market．50．A．in particular B．in reality C．at least D．first of all51．A．emphasize B．doubt C．overlook D．believe 52．A．denyingB．ensuring C．arguing D．proving53．A．Moving B．Hoping C．Starting D．Failing54．A．markets B．tastes C．prices D．expenses55．A．culture B．social C．financial D．economical56．A．promise B．plan C．mistake D．difference57．A．cost B．opportunity C．profit D．budget58．A．as a result B．on the whole C．in conclusion D．on the contrary 59．A．huge B．potential C．extra D．reasonable60．A．beliefs B．loyalty C．habits D．interest61．A．altering B．understanding C．keeping D．attracting62．A．Assumed B．Respected C．Established D．Unexpected 63．A．agreeable B．flexible C．friendly D．sensitive64．A．unfair B．difficult C．essential D．convenient．五、解答题（共5小题，满分45分）20. AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt．She was My rtle C．Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill．She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey．During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females．I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good．I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps．She took me to the theatre--not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas-and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed．My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me．I had books at home, but they were all serious classics．Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her． Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publicatio n．A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a“youth columnist”．My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities-and it did-but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gather ing material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs．Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her“favourite niece”．Like a diamon d, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted （多面的） image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path．（1）Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth？________A She lent her some serious classics．B She cultivated her taste for music．C She d iscovered her talent for dancing．D She introduced her to adult plays．（2）What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3probably refer to？________A A book of great fun．B A writer of high fame．C A serious masterpiece． DA heartbreaking play．（3）Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to________．A develop her capabilities for writingB． C involve her in teenage social activities D．（4）We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who________．A trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined． B gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential． C emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils． D helped pupils overcome difficulties in learn ing．21.（1）According to Quick Facts，a humpback whale________．A cannot survive in waters near the shore．B doesn’t live in the same waters all the tim e．C lives mainly on underwater plants ．D prefers to work alone when hunting fo od．（2）To make a breach，a humpback whale must________．A use its tail flukes to leap out of the water．B twist its body sideways to jump high．C blow two streams of water.D communicate with a group of humpbacks．（3）From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale________．A has its unique markings on it tail flukes ．B has black and white fingerprints．C gets its name from the way it hunts ．D is a great performer due to its songs．22. Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law t hat threatens research into the history of humans in Britain，a group of leading archeologists （考古学家） says．In a letter addressed to the justice secretary，Ken Clarke，40archaeologists write of their“deep and widespread concern”about the issue．It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008which requires all human remains unea rthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years，regardless of their age．The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones an d other human remains of national and cultural significance．“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied，whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension，is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practi ce，”they write．The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400dig sites，including the remains of 60or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008that date back to 3，000BC．Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time，but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground．The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk，where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950，000years ago．If human remains were found at Happisburgh，they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was ．Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectiv ely destroyed．Before 2008，guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and histo rical interest，while the Burial Act 1857applied to more recent remains．The Ministry of Justice assured ar chaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary，but has so far failed to revise it．Mike Parker Pearson，an archaeologist at Sheffield University，said：“Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem，but we feel that we cannot wait any longer．”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied，or on what records should be kept．72、According to the passage，scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because________．A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC．it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？________ A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time．B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh．C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time．D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed．74．What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains？________ A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains．B．The Burial Act 1857only applied to remains uncovered before 1857．C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades．D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law．75．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？________A．New discoveries should be reburied，the government demands．B．Research time should be extended，scientists require．C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion，authorities say．D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever，archeologists warn．23. Directions：Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph．There is one extra heading which you do not need．A．Manufacturing industry in information economyB．News in the age of informationC．Argument about individual accounts and their reliabilityD．Be your own investigative journalistE．Don’t believe everything you read in the newspapers．F．Information is presented in an entertaining way．76．________With the arrival of the age of“information economy”，intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing．Orga nizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information．So people of the Pu blic Relations are hired to speak for them．A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists．In the information age，journalists spend their time，not investigating，but passing on the words of a spokesperson．77．________There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper’s owner，Lord Copper．The editors can never disagree with him．When he’s right about something t hey answer“definitely”，and when he’s wrong they say“to some extent，Lord Copper．”It seems reasonable to suppose that，in the real world，the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them．78．________In countries where the news is not officially controlled，it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising．The news hasto attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings．I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show．In Britain，we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment．Th ere is progressively less room for historical background，or statistics，which are harder to present as a sensational story．79．________There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for rec ording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want．People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms．But what it will mean also is that we’ll be subjected to a still great er amount of nonsense and lies．Any web log may contain the latest information of the year，or equally，a made-up story that you will never be able to check．80．________Maybe the time has come to do something about it，and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper．In a world where e veryone wants you to listen to their version，you only have two choices：switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust．The investigative journalistof the future is everyone who wants to know the truth．24. Directions：Read the passage carefully．Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fe west possible words．Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 ndividuals can operate t hrough the free flow of information among the members．Once their size goes beyond this fi gure，the organizations are getting less flexible．So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder re sulting from failures of communication．One solution to this problem would，of course，be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group．By all owing these groups to build reliance on each other，larger organizations can be built up．However，merely having groups of，say，150will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization．Somethin g else is needed：the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships．To allow free flow of information，they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way．Maintaining too forma l a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works．The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station ．Whether by chance or by design，it so happened that there were almost exactly 150people in the station．The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation．Then，for no apparent reason，the work seemed to be more difficult to do，not to say less satisfying．It was some time before they work out what the problem was．It turn out that，when the architects were designing the new building，they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it．And with that，they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organizati on．What had apparently been happening was that，as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room，useful information was casually being exchanged．（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS．）81．What size of an organization may lead to communication failures？________82．What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization？________83．After the TV station moved into new accommodation，its operation________．84．From the case of the TV station，we can conclude it is________ that make（s） an organization more successful．I.Translation25. Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets．1．你为什么不在网上订票？（Why）2．我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了．（mistake）3．对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比．（compare）4．自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了．（No longer）5．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高．（whatever）II.GuidedWriting26. Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假如你是启明中学（Ming Qi Middle School）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童．根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）．启事国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目，以帮助贫困地区的儿童．申请成功者将获得项目经费2000元．有意者请来信告知：1）你个人的基本情况；2）你对申请项目的基本设想；3）项目经费的使用计划．联系方式：2011hope@icf．org20112011年上海市高考英语试卷答案1. 655038,seafood,rubbish,recycling,a few seconds,a shopping list,Major events,is permanent2. A3. D4. B5. D6. C7. B8. B9. A10. C11. A12. D13. D14. C15. D16. A17. B18. unpleasant,superior,miraculously,applying,launched,coating,fixed,advances,impact19. inreality,overlook,ensuring,Failing,markets,financial,difference,profit,asaresult,potential,loyalty,keeping,Established,sensitive,difficult20. DAAB21. BAA22. B,C,D,D23. B,E,F,C,D24. Anorganizationofmorethan200individuals,Structuringsmallerorganizationsandbuildingd irectpersonalrelationships．,seemedtobemoredifficult/lesssatisfying,theclosesocialnetworks/thefreeflowofinformation/thecausalcommunication25. 1．熟悉句型Why not do sth．？，就相当于Why don't you do sth．？网上订票可以表述为book tickets online/reserve the ticket（s） on the Internet2．mistake sb．for sb．意为“将某人误认为某人”，长得像可以表述为look so similar/very much alike．3．as for sb意为“对于某人而言”，be compared with 意为“与…比较起来”，身心健康可以表述为physical and mental health．4．No longer表示“不再”，用于句首要用倒装，保持联系“kept in touch with”．5．本题考查whatever引导的名词性从句，即宾语从句，可能做某事“be likely to do”．26. Dear World Child Foundation organizers：My name is Jerry Lu，a student currently studying at Ming Qi Middle School．I am writing，on behalf of my classmates，to apply for the 2000 yuan's worth of fund in a bid to initiate a program aimed at helping tho se students who are financially disadvantaged．【高分句型】（说明写信目的）Being raised in families that don’t have to worry about putting food on the table need not me an oblivion to our less fortunate peers．【高分句型】On this account，we would appreciate it if you could sponsor our poverty-relief endeavor．（个人的基本情况）The following is how we would go about using the money．We would spend 1500 yuan purchasing some stationery for the needy students in a poverty-stricken area．It is worth noting that we would inform them to pick up the school supplies t hemselves instead of us“doling out”the supplies so that we wouldn’t end up embarrassing th ose who we want to help．【高分句型】The remainder of the fund would be used to invite a motivational speaker who was to talk ab out how to lift oneself out of poverty by making right academic and professional decisions．【高分句型】（对申请项目的基本设想、项目经费的使用计划）At the end of the day，our efforts might only trigger a ripple in the lives of some young people，but who knows what butterfly effects these young minds may have on tomorrow's world？（观点）We would be much obliged if you could reply at your earliest convenience．You can reach me at 2011hope@icf．org．Yours Sincerely，Li Ming。

2011届高三英语上册期末模块考试试题2

2011届高三年级上学期期末考试英语试题本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

元月26日下午14：30—16：30第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the woman think of the course?A. It’s easy.B. It’s boring.C. It’s interesting.2. What is the man willing to be?A. A door keeper.B. A window cleaner.C. A computer programmer.3.What do we know about the woman’s jacket?A. It is dirty.B. It is worn out.C. It was left at the man’s house.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Visiting a friend.B. Buying concert tickets.C. Seeing a singer.5. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Insure her package.B. Mail her package tomorrow.C. Send her package by airmail.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2011年上海高考英语试卷

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from26.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another27.It’s no use ______ without taking action.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained28.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t29.When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they hadmanaged with ______ money.A. so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little30.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, ______?A. doesn’t itB. does itC. don’t theyD. do they31.After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.A. rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued32.The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ______ thathe could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized34.Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed35.There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that36.If a lot of people say a film is not good, I w on’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comesout on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until37.The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if38.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ othersactually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what39.Y ou’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only bethat has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice m ost companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounce d it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I hadbooks at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication.A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cov er teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favourite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil w ho has crossed her path.65.Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67.Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______.A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs68.We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ______.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningBHumpback whales69.According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale ______.A. cannot survive in waters near the shoreB. doesn’t live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on underwater plantsD. prefers to work alone when hunting food70.To make a breach, a humpback whale must ______.A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of waterD. communicate with a group of humpbacks.71.From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ______.A. has its unique markings on it tail flukesB. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from the way it huntsD. is a great performer due to its songsCHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeolog ists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Y our current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and o f museum practice,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have tobe returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.72.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.74.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.Se ction CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each76.______With the arrival of the age of “information economy”, intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson.77.______There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper’s owner, Lord Copper. The editors can never disagree with him. When he’s right about something they answer “definitely”, and when he’s wrong they say “to some extent, Lord Copper.” It seems reasonable to suppose that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.78.______In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment. There is progressively less room for historical background, or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story.79.______There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms. But what it will mean also is that we’ll be subjected to a still greater amount of nonsense and lies. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year, or equally, a made-up story that you will never be able to check.80.______Maybe the time has come to do something about it, and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices: switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust. The investigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never ofitself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?82.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?83.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation___________________________.84.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.参考答案25—29. ADBDC 30—34. BBACA35—40. DDCDAB41—45. BIHCA46—49. FGJE50—54. BCBDA55—59. CDCAB 60—64. BCCDB65—68. DAAB 69—71. BAA72—75. BCDD 76—80. BEFCD81. An organization of more than 200 individuals.82. Structuring smaller organizations and building direct personal relationships.83. seemed to be more difficult / less satisfying84. the close social networks / the free flow of information / the causal communication。

2011年上海高考英语试卷句答案完美解析(word版)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(上海卷）本试卷分第一卷（选择题)和第二卷(非选择题）两部分。

共150分.考试时间120分钟。

第一卷注意事项：1. 答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2. 每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.不能答在试卷上.3。

考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.Part I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。

The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。

Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a train station。

B. At an airport。

C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station。

2. How much is the service charge if the food costs 50 dollars？A。

2011上海市宝山区高三一模英语卷

宝山区2010学年第一学期期末高三年级英语试卷第I卷（共105分）II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. It was pretty cold last Thursday when we were taking the final exam. But I was dressed _____it, so I didn’t mind.A. inB. withC. forD. on26. As the world changes faster than ever, our greatest concern is making sure that _____ of thesechanges do us harm.A. anyB. someC. neitherD. none27. Acupuncture(针刺疗法) is ______ at reducing back pain ______ medicines, according toresearchers.A. twice as effective; asB. as twice effective; thanC. effective as twice; asD. twice effective as; than28. At the meeting, most students disagreed with the director’s proposal, ______?A. did theyB. didn’t theyC. did itD. didn’t it29. “A man who _____ fault with others is not perfect himself, for he has no time to make aself-criticism.” Said Buddha.A. always foundB. is always findingC. has always foundD. had always found30. A talk show is a television program where one person (or a group of people) will discussvarious topics _____ by a host.A. raisingB. to raiseC. raisedD. raise31. “You _____ for what you have done!” the boss threatened one of the office workers.A. could be punishedB. shall be punishedC. will have been punishedD. shall have been punished32. Dear Mom, I wonder if you ever knew how much I appreciated _____ you gave me eventhough I often simply said, “Th anks Mom.”A. all whichB. all thatC. in thatD. for that33. _____ I really don’t like maths, I find his lectures interesting.A. AsB. SinceC. OnceD. While34. Williams says that _____ friends with your roommate is a good place to start in terms ofmaking friends in a new place.A. becameB. becomeC. having becomeD. becoming35. Dad told me, “Nothing is impossible _____ you want it badly enough and go after it hardenough.”A. unlessB. ifC. becauseD. until36. Is it normal that in September hotels near universities are overcrowded, _____ many parentsfrom a distance nowhere to stay but to sleep on the playground ?A. to leaveB. leftC. leavingD. leave37. Do you know that Australia was as a matter of fact _____ used to be a land for prisoners?A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that38. We waited and waited. _____ we had been looking forward to.A. Then came the hourB. Then did the hour comeC. Came then the hourD. Came the hour then39. “It seems as if there’ve been a lot of strong earthquakes this year. And no, it’s not a signal_____ the planet is coming apart at the seams(缝隙).” Scientists say.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. which40. To a high school student, going to university means a new leaf _____ before him and beingindependent is the starting point.A. to be turnedB. being turnedC. to have been turnedD. turned Section BIn 1791 the French nation, in the midst of a revolution, wished to break with the past, especially with those 41 of it which they considered illogical and useless. One of those was the 42 system of weights and measures in use. Not only was the system clearly complicated, but it also varied widely from place to place. So the French spent a large amount of time and efforts regulating a new system.In 43 the new system, the French began by setting up a unit of distance equal to one forty millionth part of the earth’s circumference(周长).But 44 later measurements showed that the unit designed was not exactly that part, but they 45 to use it. (Today the unit is defined simply as the distance between two marks on a metal bar kept in suburb of Paris). The unit is the meter and the system of measurements 46 on this unit is the metric(米制的) system, the system today used by scientists all over the world.The metric system is built in 47 of ten, Greek prefixes showing multiples and Latin prefixes showing fractions. The Greeks had no word for a number larger than ten thousand and the Romans had none for a number larger than one thousand, but the system was 48 by using less specific words; for 49 mega meter (one million meters) comes from a Greek word that means simply “large”.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AChildren model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify with a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 50 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 51 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s 52 . However, parents must at all times 53 like the type of person they want their child to become.A parent’s actions 54 affect the self-image that a child forms 55 identification.Children who see mainly positive qualities in their parents will likely learn to see themselves in a 56 way. Children who observe chiefly 57 qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may 58 their self-image, however, as they become increasingly 59 by peer group standards.Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a 60 effect on a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established 61 and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the divorce of their parent’s or a parent’s early 62 . But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events as a 63 of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced at all by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. As in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 64 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.50. A. informative B. characteristic C. comprehensive D. individual51. A. gesture B. expression C. way D. extent52. A. behavior B. words C. mood D. reactions53. A. behave B. belong C. become D. follow54. A. regardless B. nevertheless C. also D. anyhow55. A. despite B. besides C. including D. through56. A. peculiar B. positive C. particular D. similar57. A. negative B. cheerful C. various D. complex58. A. reconstruct B. regulate C. survive D. continue59. A. dominated B. influenced C. controlled D. occupied60. A. temporary B. progressive C. short-term D. permanent61. A. performances B. attitudes C. arguments D. achievements62. A. death B. rewards C. suggestion D. teaching63. A. sign B. symbol C. signal D. model64. A. result B. effect C. scale D. causeSection B(A)It was Thanksgiving morning and in the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey when the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in rags huddling together on the top step.“Any old papers, lady?” asked one of them.I was busy. I wanted to say “no” until I looked down at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snow.“Come in and I’ll make you a cup of hot cocoa.”They walked over and sat down at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upon the floor. I served them cocoa and bread with jam to fight against the cold outside. Then I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget.The silence in the front room struck me. I looked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat voice, “Lady, are you rich?”I looked at my shabby slipcovers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer carefully and said,“Your cups match your saucers.” Her voice was hungry with a need that no amount of food could supply. They left after that, holding their bundles of papers against the wind. They hadn’t said “Thank you.” They didn’t need to. They had reminded me that I had so much for which to be grateful. Plain blue china cups and saucers were only worth five pence. But they matched.I tasted the potatoes and stirred the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a roof over our heads, my husband with a good steady job—these matched, too.I moved the chairs back from the fire and cleaned the living room. The muddy prints of small sandals were still wet upon my floor. Let them be for a while, I thought, just in case I should begin to forget how rich I am.65. Why did the writer let the children in?A. She showed great pity on them.B. She had old papers to sell.C. She wanted to invite them to her Thanksgiving feast.D. She wanted them to see how rich she was.66. The girl thought the writer was rich perhaps because ________.A. she saw that the lady’s room was comfortableB. she saw the cups matched the saucersC. the writer’s slipcovers were very newD. the writer was preparing a big meal while she was too hungry67. From the passage, we can infer that whether you are rich depends on ____________.A. how much money you have hadB. how you feel about your lifeC. how you have helped othersD. what job your husband is doing68. The writer left the muddy prints of small sandals on the floor for a while to ___________.A. show her husband that someone had comeB. remind her that she had helped two childrenC. remind her that she was very rich in the neighborhoodD. remind her how life should be(B)In case of an accident or a fire on a school bus, this is what you will need to know. Don’t worry; these rules will be practiced twice a year at your school.The driver will review with you all the safety rules of riding a school bus and explain to you where all the dangerous zones are around a school bus. Pay attention and obey your driver and you will always be safe.The driver will show you all the emergency equipment, like the fire extinguisher, the axe, the first aid tools and the two-way radio. Pay attention and try to remember where they are and how they are used.The driver will radio in and have her dispatcher(调度员) call 911 if it is needed. You may need to help the driver if she is injured. This is why the driver will teach you how to use the two-way radio.The driver will also show you where the emergency windows are located and how they open.Now the driver will show you how to evacuate the bus from the back door in case of an emergency.STAY CALM. DO NOT PUSH OR SHOVE, AND HA VE YOUR HANDS FREE.Students in the back seats will leave first. The driver will have assigned two students to stand at the back door to help you. Extend your arms, bend your knees, make sure the two students on the ground are holding your arms, and don’t jump to the ground.Once you are out of the bus, you will go to the get-together area, and wait for your driver.69. The driver will show you all the following EXCEPT _____.A. dangerous zones on the school busB. the first aid tools on the school busC. the emergency windows on the school busD. the two-way radio70. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Bus companies are responsible for students’ practicing safety rules on a school bus.B. The driver is also a schoolteacher.C. Students may need to help the driver in case of an accident on a school bus.D. Students should jump out of the bus as soon as an accident happens.71. The article is a(n) _____.A. essayB. descriptionC. explanationD. argument(C)According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award leadership to one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment（招聘）.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce dependable evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, practically any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to decrease tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who restrict attainment(达到) of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.72. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The problems faced by leaders.B. How leadership differs in small and large groups.C. How social groups determine who will lead them.D. The role of leaders in social groups.73. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from paragraph 2?A. A person who is an effective leader of a group may not be an effective one in another group.B. Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person.C. A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership.D. Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications.74. In mentioning “natural leaders” in the second paragraph, the author is making the point that______.A. few people qualify as “natural leaders”B. there is no proof that “natural leaders” existC. “natural leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a groupD. “natural leaders” share a similar set of characteristics75. The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on ______.A. ensuring harmonious relationshipsB. sharing responsibility with group membersC. identifying new leadersD. achieving a goalSection CA. Corn Dollies.B. Celebrations in churches.C. A big meal called a harvest supper.D. Thanksgiving ceremonies and celebrations in England.E. History of Harvest Festival.F. When is Harvest Festival?76.In England, we have given thanks for successful harvests since pagan times. We celebrate this day by singing, praying and decorating our churches with baskets of fruit and food in a festival known as “Harvest Festival”, usually during the month of September. Harvest Festival reminds Christians of all the good things God gives them. This makes them want to share with others who are not so fortunate.77.Harvest festivals are traditionally held on or near the Sunday of the Harvest Moon. This moon is the full moon which falls in the month of September, at or around the time of the Autumnal Equinox, about Sept. 23. Unlike the USA and Canada, the UK does not have a national holiday for Harvest Festival.78.Harvest Festival used to be celebrated at the beginning of the Harvest season on 1st August and was called Lammas, meaning “loaf Mass”. Farmers made loaves of bread from the new wheat crop and gave them to their local church. They were then used as the Communion bread during a special mass thanking God for the harvest. The custom ended when Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church, and nowadays we have harvest festivals at the end of the season.79.The tradition of celebrating Harvest Festival in churches as we know it today began in 1843, when the Reverend Robert Hawker invited parishioners to a special thanksgiving service for the harvest at his church at Morwenstow in Cornwall. Victorian hymns such as “We plough the fields and scatter”, “Come ye thankful people, come”and “All things bright and beautiful”helped popularise his idea of harvest festival and spread the annual custom of decorating churches with home-grown produce for the Harvest Festival service.80.The making of corn dollies goes back many thousands of years. It was a Pagan custom and evolved from the beliefs of the corn growing people who believed in the Corn Spirit. Corn dollies were made at Harvest time from the last sheaf of corn cut. The Corn Spirit was supposed to live or be reborn in the plaited straw ornament or corn doll and was kept until the following spring to ensure a good harvest. The corn dolly often had a place of honour at the harvest banquet table. Section DNO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of the bladder(膀胱) and the oral cavity (口腔). Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply. The majority of physicians and researchers consider these relationships proved to their satisfaction and say, “Give up smoking. If you don’t smoke, don’t start”. Some capable physicians and research workers—though their small number is reducing even further—are less sure of the effect of cigarette smoking on health. They consider the increase in respiratory(呼吸的) diseases and various forms of cancer may possibly be explained by other factors in the complex human environment—atmospheric pollution, increased nervous stress, chemical substances in processed food, or chemical pesticides（杀虫剂）that are now being used by farmers in vast quantities to destroy insects and small animals. Smokers who develop cancer or lung diseases, they say, may also, by coincidence, live in industrial areas, or eat more canned food. Gradually, however, research is isolating all other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While all tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effect than cigar or pipe smoking. However, nicotine consumption is not decreasing by the latter forms, and current research indicates relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat. Filters and low tar(焦油) tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate, the risks.81. Male smokers can be more affected by smoking than female ones because _______________.82.The author’s attitude towards smoking is __________________________________________.83. Does all the tobacco smoking affect life expectancy and health in the same level, and why?84. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?第II卷(共45分)I. Translation85. 对不起，今天我不能参加会议了。

2011年上海高考英语试卷句答案完美解析(word版)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(上海卷）本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题)两部分。

共150分.考试时间120分钟。

第一卷注意事项：1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上.2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

3。

考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.Part I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A。

At a train station。

B. At an airport.C。

At a travel agency. D. At a bus station。

2。

How much is the service charge if the food costs 50 dollars？A. $5B. ＄10 C。

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上海市十校2011学年第一学期高三英语考试试卷2011年12月第I 卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 19:15 B. At 19: 20 C. At 19:30 D. At 20:052. A. $ 1,850 B. $1,900 C. $1,950 D. $2,0003. A. The man‘s daughter B. The man‘s sonC. The man‘s wifeD. The man himself4. A. Seeing a movie B. Lining for tickets C. Finding a café D. Having a drink5. A. Joe survived the car accident. B. Joe was badly hurt in the accident.C. Joe‘s car was slightly damaged.D. Joe‘s car was knocked by others.6. A. The title is eye-catching B. The book is boring.C. The title is misleadingD. The book is wonderful.7. A. She did better in the driving test. B. She easily gets nervous.C. She was afraid of taking exams.D. She didn‘t practise much.8. A. He has a correct attitude towards the exam. B. He often fails school examsC. He surprised the man by failing the exam.D. He doesn‘t want to finish high school.9. A. He made an appointment for the woman.B. He went to the dentist‘s last week.C. The woman forgot to make an appointment.D. The woman should have gone to the dentist earlier.10. A. She doesn‘t like the topic. B. He made fewer mistakes this time.C. There‘re too many spelling mistakes.D. The report doesn‘t keep to the point.Section BDirections In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. To hide his cow behind a tree. B. To look for someone to help him.C. To find the strongest man in the town.D. To help some people of his own town.12. A. He knew there was money under the stone. B. The old man promised to reward him.C. He feared others in the town might fall on it.D. No one else was strong enough to move it.13. A. A person who is ready to help deserves help. B. One should catch every good chance.C. Those weak and poor people deserve help.D. He laughs best who laughs last.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following speech14. A. She could never overcome difficulties. B. She had problems with other children.C. She had trouble communicating with others.D. She suffered from severe learning disability.15. A. A person whose experience can inspire others B. A person with a remarkable memoryC. A person who has a better understandingD. A person with special education16. A. Always listen to doctor‘s advice. B. Never give up in face of difficulties.C. Always get encouragement from others.D. Never compare yourself with others.Section CDirections In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. Each conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks withthe information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversationComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversationComplete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. The operating profits of the company in the third quarter rose by 24 percent 225 millionpounds 182 million pounds a year ago.A. from…toB. for…toC. to…fromD. to…for26. To our surprise, Ajisen Ramen‘s Japanese ramen noodle soup was made using cheappowders and instant seasonings boiling pig bones for hours, as its advertisements suggests.A. more thanB. rather thanC. other thanD. better than27. Pollution will remain a global problem for a long time much has been done to solve it.A. sinceB. howeverC. thoughD. if28. Although he majored in art and literature in college, he had little interest in subject.A. everyB. eitherC. bothD. neither29. I think this exercise as well as the other three ones .A. is worth to doB. are worth to doC. is worth doingD. are worth doing30. solve the medical care for the low-income earners and the unemployed.A. Only by joint efforts can weB. By only joint efforts we canC. Only by joint efforts we canD. Only we can joint effort31. ---I don‘t mind telling you what I know.---You . I‘m not asking you for it.A. mustn‘tB. may notC. can‘tD. needn‘t32. I think that something has to be done to stop the air from being polluted, ?A. doesn‘t itB. hasn‘t itC. don‘t theyD. haven‘t they33. Come and visit our school at the end of this year, by which time my academic thesis.A. I will finishB. had finishedC. have finishedD. I will have finished34. ---You haven‘t been to Shanghai, have you?--- . And how I wish to go there again!A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I haven‘tC. No, I haveD. No, I haven‘t35. I like drawing, while what my brother enjoys .A. cookingB. to cookC. is cookingD. cook36. Nearly all trees have seeds that fall to the ground , , and eventually produce new seeds.A. taking rootB. take rootC. took rootD. to take root37. The wrong you‘ve done him is terrible, for you should make an apology to him, I think.A. itB. whichC. whatD. that38. In order for everyone , serious changes need to be made in global development.A. to surviveB. survivedC. survivingD. survive39. from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals notfound in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated40. Maybe the fact he is two inches shorter than her is the reason she don‘t want tomarry him.A. that, whyB. which, thatC. because, whyD. that, whichSection BDirections Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Chinese medical experts have warned that antibiotics (抗生素) are ―41 overused‖ in hospitals, which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.According to the ministry, 70 percent of Chinese inpatients have received antibiotics, whilethe maximum number set by the World Health Organization is 30 percent. About 97 percent of42__ patients used antibiotics but research showed that a large number of them could avoid the need if hospitals conducted proper sanitation measures.Particularly, antibiotics are overused in the 43 of children. Nearly one third of the daily 10,000 outpatients at the Beijing Children‘s Hospital take intravenous（进入静脉的）drips that largely contain antibiotics, said Yang Yonghong, a doctor with the hospital.―Some doctors might lack proper training on how to44 antibiotics in a more preciseway and avoid 45 risks. Some simply want to play it safe,‖ said Zhu Zheng gang, president of Shanghai-based Ruijin Hospital.The ministry 46 a nationwide campaign over the past six months to 47 the use of antibiotics. Vice Health Minister Ma Xiaowei admitted that the government faces great challenges as many public hospitals have 48 supervision on prescription safety under heavy pressure from patients.Insiders also noted that the overuse of antibiotics was partly 49 by profit-seeking pharmacy firms. There are more than 6,000 pharmacy companies in China that produce more than 1,000 kinds of antibiotics.About 60 percent of the newly approved medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration last year were antibiotics. According to the SFDA, the country reported 690,000 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by abuse of medicine, including 600 deaths in 2010.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I‘ve been teaching piano lessons in my spare time for over 30 years. Even though I have never had the 50 of having a prodigy（天才）, I have taught some very 51 students.However, I have also had my share of what I call ‗musically52 ‘pupils—one such pupil being Robby, an 11 year old boy, who told me that it had always been his mother‘s (a single mom) __53__to hear him play the piano. So I took him as a student.From the beginning Robby seemed to 54 the natural capability needed to excel. But hedutifully reviewed the elementary piano pieces that I 55 all my students to learn. Over the months he tried and tried 56 I listened and tried to encourage him.Then one day Robby stopped coming for his lessons. And I was glad about that. After all, he was a bad 57 for my teaching!Then came the recital（演奏会）. To my 58 , Robby, having received a flyer, asked to be in it.He told me that his mother had been sick and unable to take him to his piano lessons, but that he had been 59 . ―Please Miss Honor, I‘ve just got to play.‖ he insisted. I don‘t know what led me to allow him to play in the recital—perhaps it was his 60 or maybe something inside of me saying that it would be all right.On the night of the performance, I put Robby 61 in the program, just before I was to come up and thank all the students and play a finishing piece. I thought that any 62 he might do would come at the end of the program and I could always salvage（挽救）his 63 performance through my ‗curtain closer‘.It turned out that Robby played wonderfully.………That night I became a prodigy…of Robby. He was the teacher and I the pupil, for he had taught me the meaning of 64 and love and believing in yourself, and maybe even taking a chance on someone and you didn‘t know why.50. A. fortunate B. possibility C. pleasure D. likelihood51. A. talented B. aggressive C. stupid D. demanding52. A. challenged B. gifted C. bothered D. rewarded53. A. request B. order C. dream D. task54. A. take an interest in B. have commanded C. be aware of D. lack55. A. hope B. require C. order D. demand56. A. however B. when C. otherwise D. while57. A. influence B. threat C. advertisement D. danger58. A. expectation B. wish C. surprise D. gladness59. A. worried B. practising C. upset D. studying60. A. insistence B. poverty C. enthusiasm D. stubbornness61. A. first B. second C. last D. on top62. A. mistake B. failure C. destruction D. damage63. A. poor B. wonderful C. terrific D. unexpected64. A. dream B. perseverance C. encouragement D. guiltSection BDirections Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）One day, when Anna was about to walk into her office, the headmaster, Mr. Henry stopped her.―Now,‖he said, ―I want you to tell me the truth, my dear.‖―Naturally,‖ said Anna shortly, fearing that something terrible had happened.―I have had a most serious accusation（控告）made against you by Mrs. Bond.‖―Mrs. Bond?‖ said Anna, not understanding. Janet Bond was a quiet, little mouse of a child. As far as Anna could remember she had never had cause to speak an angry word to the girl.―Mrs. Bond,‖went on Mr. Henry, ―tells me that you scolde d her daughter yesterday afternoon.‖―Scolded?‖cried Anna. ―I don‘t scold. At least not in school,‖ she added honestly.―Mrs. Bond‘s story is that Janet was a little late back to school in the afternoon. She said that the child had to spend some time in the bathroom, which meant she set out from home a lit tle late.‖―Just a minute,‖said Anna, beginning to understand. ―She did come late, very late. I had marked her absent, of course. Then she wandered in, when we‘d started our paper--cutting, and I believe I said she was a nuisance（讨厌的人）. She didn‘t appear to hear, an d was certainly quite cheerful.‖―Ah, a nuisance.‖Mr. Henry jumped on the word. ―You‘re sure you only said a nuisance.‖―I may not e ven have said that,‖Anna replied. ―It was no more than slig ht displeasure that I felt and I certainly didn‘t scold.‖―Mrs. Bond said that you called her child a blasted（该死的）nuisance. Is that true?‖―Indeed it isn‘t,‖said Anna, ―The child or the mother has made it up!‖Mr. Henry was satisfied with Anna‘s explanati on.―Just as I thought, my dear, but of course I had to make sure.‖65. When Mr. Henry stopped Anna, he______.A. made her feel worried at firstB. thought she had done something wrongC. had made up his mind to scold herD. wanted to tell her a true story66. Mr. Henry thought that______.A. Janet had scolded AnnaB. Anna had scolded JanetC. Anna would not tell the truthD. Mrs. Bond had not told the truth67. To call a child a nuisance is______.A. not considered serious by the teacherB. considered a serious accusationC. obviously upsetting for the childD. a sign of great anger68. Mr. Henry considered Anna a______teacher.A. carelessB. cruelC. badD. trustworthy（B）Where to find authentic Y angcheng Lake hairy crab●Yi Feng CourtFairmont Yangcheng LakeAt the hotel on the scenic shore, you can savor the crab and enjoy the lake view. The chef presents a mouth-watering crab feast menu.Address: 3668 West Ma‘anshan Rd, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province●Sui Yuan, Doubl etree by HiltonHuaqiao/KunshanChef Alan Liu presents hairy crab in a classical Shanghai style. You can either eat the crab in the restaurant or order and take out. We recommend the crab meat xiaolongbao with juice and creamy crab roe.Tel: 3921-5700 ext 6266Address: 2 Zhaofeng Rd, Huaqiao CBD, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province●Ye ShanghaiThis restaurant specializes in Shanghainese cuisine. In addition to steamed hairy crab with rich and firm meat, diners can try creative crab dishes, including refreshing crab meat with winter melon broth, and sautéed crab meat with sesame flavored pastry.Tel: 6311-2323Address: 338 Huangpi Rd, Shanghai●Yi Long CourtThe Peninsula ShanghaiChef Tao Guojian launched the season‘s new hairy crab feast menu. He balanced the crab flavor with other fresh ingredients, such as mushrooms, greens and beef.Tel: 2327-6742Address: 32 Zhongshan Rd E1, Shanghai●Wei Jing Ge, Waldorf AstoriaShanghai on the BundThe restaurant equips diners with traditional crab implements, including scissors and forceps and serves seasonal chrysanthemum tea. This lets you experience how Chinese scholars enjoyed crab in ancient times. We recommend soup noodle topped with crab roe.Tel: 6322-9988Address: 2 Zhongshan Rd E1, Shanghai69. Which column can this passage appear?A. ServicesB. FeatureC. BusinessD. Sports70. If you want to invite your guests to enjoy the delicious crab in your own house, you can call_____.A. 6311-2323B. 3912-5700C. 6322-9988D. 2327-674271. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. You can enjoy the crab in a Shanghai style only in Sui Yuan.B. All the restaurants provide crab implements when you enjoy the crab.C. Not all the restaurants can provide the crab feast menu.D. You can only enjoy the delicious steamed crab in the restaurants.（C）Nowadays, people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence (真谛) of sport —the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation‘s hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football Word Cup. Football is the world‘s most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina (阿根廷) to someone and the chances are that he‘ll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map.Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold theircars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentineans really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, But it‘s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.72. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will .A. fail to succeedB. lose enjoymentC. be successfulD. be unreasonable73. The main idea of the first paragraph is that .A. children take part in all kinds of sports because sports activities give them pleasure.B. competitions between different school teams make sports no longer a personal act for fun.C. Some people believe that international competition makes sports a task, a responsibility, forthe individuals.D. some people think international competition is in a way opposite to the pursuit of personal excellence.74. What does the speaker mean when he says ―In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map‖?A. Winning the World Cup makes Argentina a football power in the world.B. Argentina is not important before it wins the World Cup.C. Winning the World Cup gives weight to Argentina‘s position in the world.D. Argentina is world-famous for its football because of its obvious position on the map.75. The wor d ―irrational‖ in the th ird paragraph means .A. passionateB. unreasonableC. angryD. happySection CDirections Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. More and more widely used credit cards in USAB. credit cards‘ disadvantagesC. Convenience in shopping with credit cardsD. Limit to a credit cardE. The wise way of using a credit cardF. High cost for not paying the bank in time76.Credit cards are becoming increasingly popular in people‘s daily life. Credit cards offer two major services. First, they are easier and safer to carry than large amounts of money. Second, they permit people to borrow—to buy things they want even when they do not have enough money to pay the full price. Credit cards make it possible to spread out payments over weeks or months.77.To receive credit cards, people must prove that they earn enough to pay for what they buy. And they usually must prove that they have paid back any money they borrowed in the past. Then, after they receive the card, credit companies limit how much they can buy with it. Visa and Mastercard, forexample, do not permit most of their users to owe more than $1,500 yet even with these restrictions. Credit cards often make it too easy for people to spend the money they cannot pay back.78.With credit cards, people pay for goods or services at the end of each month, instead of when they buy them. And when the time does come to pay, most credit cards offer people a choice. They can pay all of what they owe for the month. Or they can pay just part—usually between five and ten percent—of what they owe.79.Studies of credit card use have found that each month, about half of all card users pay the full amount they owe. The others pay only part of the amount. It is this group that provides credit card companies with most of their earnings. That is because the people pay a service charge—‗interest‘—for the right to postpone full payment. Most pay an interest rate of about 19 percent a year of what they owe. In the last few years, there has been increasing criticism of these high interest rates on credit cards.80.The use of credit cards continues to increase. Some people say that in the near future credit cards will replace money completely, but others believe that event is unlikely. However, they think Americans will be using credit cards more and more. A major reason for this is the increasing fear of crime. Credit cards—unlike real money—can be replaced if they are lost or stolen.Section DDirections Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statementsin the fewest possible words.The European Union‘s executive body yesterday said it wants to spend some 50 billion euros (US$70 billion) over the next decade on transport, energy and telecommunications projectsto better link its member states across national borders.The proposals come against a background of a continent-wide financial crisis that has prompted heavy criticism of public spending by the EU at a time when national governments are cutting down budgets.EU Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso insisted, however, that the Connecting Europe initiative is necessary to overcome the limits of national governments often looking to serve their own electorate（全体选民）first and neglecting multinational plans that would profitthe 500 million EU citizens as a whole.―We are closing the missing links in Europe‘s infrastructure(基础设施) networks that otherwise would not be built,‖ Barroso said, adding that by putting forward the funds for 2014-2020, ―we are making a down payment（保证金）or Europe‘s future growth and jobs.‖Barroso also launched the idea for special bonds to boost the programs. He said that in apre-2014 phase, the commission wants to use up to 230 million euros of its budget to mobilize private investment of some 4.5 billion euros.The overall plan and bond financing received a mixed response.Guy Verhofstadt, the leader of the ALDE liberal fraction at the European Parliament, said yesterday‘s ―project bonds launch is a welcome and overdue step in the right direction.‖―If we want to stimulate growth and job creation in Europe, we have to get on withupgrading our major infrastructure networks and be creative about attracting third party investment,‖ he said.Germany, the economic juggernaut of the 27-nation EU, insisted that transport network development was foremost the responsibility of the private sector.―A broad financing of network expansion through the EU budget cannot in any case be a solution.‖ said Philipp Roesler, Germany‘s minister for the economy and technology.The Connecting Europe plan seeks to invest 31.7 billion euros in the transport sector to better link the network of roads, trains and waterways across borders to create a smooth single market.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. Europe‘s infrastructure networks will be built to .82. Most of the national governments in EU are cutting down budgets because .83. What‘s Roesler‘s response to the overall plan and bond financing?84. According to the passage, how can the EU stimulate growth and job creation?第II 卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你是否介意我把窗打开？（mind）2. 解决食品安全问题不是一朝一夕的事。