山东省新泰一中2012-2013学年高二上学期期中考试

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山东省泰安市2023-2024学年度上学期高二期中考试语文试题【含答案】

山东省泰安市2023-2024学年度上学期高二期中考试语文试题【含答案】

山东省泰安市2023-2024学年度上学期高二期中考试语文试题高二语文试题2023.11本试卷共150分,考试时间150分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(37分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。

材料一:就广义的书写而言,胜迹所关联的历史、文学、宗教甚至神话、民俗都至关重要,但最终既体现“文”而又显现为“迹”的,无疑是具有物质性的题刻,尤其是摩崖石刻。

题刻的原始动力可能来自文本,但促使人们前往观赏的却不仅文本,还有作为遗迹的文字书写。

对于胜迹而言,题刻显然不仅具有指认的作用,对其塑造也有一定的意义,尤其是山东境内那些以摩崖石刻著名的山川:泰山经石峪金刚经、四山摩崖与云峰山刻石。

尽管宋人已经注意到泰山经石峪所刻的《金刚经》并留下题名,但文人的到访与题刻,在旅游成为风气的明代嘉隆以后才明显增多。

而由于金石学在清代的风行,这些摩崖题刻甚至超越地方风景的图绘与刊印,在胜迹的塑造中起到直接的作用。

在更多的情形下,摩崖与环境可能并不是一种协作的关系,而是互相提示的关系。

摩崖石刻的特点在于不可移动,因而是真正嵌入自然山水之中的文字,与名胜的关系更为密切。

诚如白谦慎先生所说,摩崖与特定的历史时间和地理空间联系,从而成为一个地区的历史文化遗产。

可见,要准确解释摩崖石刻的文字形式,我们确需将之置诸环境之中加以观察。

嘉庆二年(1797)二月初,黄易访碑岱麓,他不仅关心摩崖,也关心“奇观”,从他的描述中,我们发现他一会儿看自然风光,一会儿看石刻。

在登山时,他记录了道路两侧山石树木,奇峭逼人,有愈上愈妙之感。

嗣至玉皇顶,俯视周边山峦,盛称此乃“天下奇观”。

新泰一中北校期中考试物理试题

新泰一中北校期中考试物理试题

新泰一中北校高二下学期期中考试物理试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)一、不定项选择题(每小题4分,共60分.每个题目至少有一个选项正确,选不全得2分,错选得0分)1、下列叙述中符合物理学史的是( )A .英国物理学家法拉第发现了电磁感应现象B .丹麦物理学家奥斯特发现了电磁感应现象C .美国科学家亨利发现了电磁感应现象D .俄国物理学家楞次发现了关于感应电流方向的规律——楞次定律2、闭合电路中感应电动势的大小跟( )A .穿过这一电路的磁通量成正比B .穿过这一电路的磁通量的变化量成正比C .穿过这一电路的磁通量变化率成正比D .穿过这一电路的磁通量的变化快慢有关,跟磁通量的变化量无关3、如图所示,图线a 是线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动时产生正弦交流的图象;当调整线圈转速后,产生正弦交流的图象如图线b 所示。

以下关于这两个交变电流的说法正确的是( )A .图象中t=0时刻穿过线圈的磁通量均为零B .线圈先后两次转速之比为2:3C .交流a 的瞬时值表达式为=105u sin t πVD .交流b 的峰值为203V4、如图2所示,n=50匝的圆形线圈M ,它的两端点a 、b 与内阻很大的电压表相连,线圈中磁通量的变化规律如图所示,则a 、b 两点的电势高低与电压表的读数为( )A.ϕa >ϕb ,20VB.ϕa >ϕb ,100VC.ϕa <ϕb ,20VD. ϕa <ϕb ,100V5、如图所示,从匀强磁场中把不发生形变的矩形线圈匀速拉出磁场区,如果两次拉出的速度之比为1∶2,则两次线圈所受外力大小之比F1∶F2、线圈发热之比Q1∶Q2、通过导线截面的电量之比q1∶q2分别为( )A .F1∶F2=2∶1,Q1∶Q2=2∶1,q1∶q2=2∶1B .F1∶F2=1∶2,Q1∶Q2=1∶2,q1∶q2=1∶1C .F1∶F2=1∶2,Q1∶Q2=1∶2,q1∶q2=1∶2D .F1∶F2=1∶1,Q1∶Q2=1∶1,q1∶q2=1∶16、如图所示,A 、B 、C 为三只相同的灯泡,额定电压均大于电源电动势,电源内阻不计,L 是一个直流电阻不计、自感系数较大的电感器.先将K1、K2合上,然后突然打开K2.已知在此后过程中各灯均无损坏,则以下说法中正确的是( )A .C 灯亮度保持不变B .C 灯闪亮一下后逐渐恢复到原来的亮度C .B 灯的亮度不变D .B 灯后来的功率是原来的1/47、如图所示理想变压器,三个灯泡L1、L2、L3标有“5V ,5W”,L4标有“5V ,10W”,若它们都正常发光,则变压器原、副线圈匝数比n1∶n2和ab 间电压应为( )A 、2∶1,25VB 、2∶1,20VC 、1∶2,25VD 、1∶2,20V8、在远距离输电中,输送的电功率为P ,输电电压为U ,所用输电导线的电阻率为ρ,截面面积为S ,导线的总长度为L 。

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰市新泰市第一中学高一上学期10月月考数学试题

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰市新泰市第一中学高一上学期10月月考数学试题

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰市新泰市第一中学高一上学期10月月考数学试题1.已知集合,则()A.B.C.D.2.已知集合,,且,则的所有取值组成的集合为()A.B.C.D.3.设,则“”是“”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件4.不等式的解集为,则函数的图像大致为()A.B.C.D.5.已知函数,若,则实数的值等于()A.B.C.1 D.36.函数的定义域为()A.[1,2)∪(2,+∞)B.(1,2)∪(2,+∞)C.(1,+∞)D.[1,+∞)7.若f(x)满足关系式f(x)+2f()=3x,则f(2)的值为()A.1 B.﹣1 C.D.8.一元二次不等式对一切实数都成立,则实数的取值范围为()A.B.C.D.9.已知集合,则下列式子表示正确的有()A.B.C.D.10.下列各组中表示同一函数的是()A.B.C.D.11.下列说法正确..的是()A.若,,则B.若,,,则“ ”是“ ”的充分不必要条件C.“ ”是“ ”的充要条件D.若,,则12.下列命题中,真命题的是()A.,都有B.,使得 .C.任意非零实数,都有D.函数的最小值为213.命题“,”的否定是__________________.14.已知,且,则的取值范围是______.15.不等式的解集为________.16.某年级先后举办了数学、历史、音乐讲座,其中有75人听了数学讲座,68人听了历史讲座,61人听了音乐讲座,17人同时听了数学、历史讲座,12人同时听了数学、音乐讲座,9人同时听了历史、音乐讲座,还有6人听了全部讲座,则听讲座人数为__________.17.已知全集,集合,或.(1)求;(2)求.18.已知,且.(1)求的最小值;(2)若恒成立,求实数m的取值范围.19.已知,,.(1)若,有且只有一个为真命题,求实数的取值范围;(2)若是的充分不必要条件,求实数的取值范围.20.已知集合.(1)当时,求实数的值;(2)若时,求实数的取值范围.21.已知函数.(1)若,解不等式;(2)解关于x的不等式.22.某企业研发部原有名技术人员,年人均投入万元,现将这名技术人员分成两部分:技术人员和研发人员,其中技术人员名,调整后研发人员的年人均投入增加,技术人员的年人均投入调整为万元(1)要使这名研发人员的年总投入不低于调整前的名技术人员的年总投入,求调整后的技术人员的人数最多为多少人(2)若技术人员在已知范围内调整后,必须研发人员的年总投入始终不低于技术人员的年总投入,求出正整数的最大值.。

山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次适应训练物理试题

山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次适应训练物理试题

山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次适应训练物理试题一、单选题1.下列几组物理量中,全部为矢量的一组是( )A .位移、时间、速度B .速度、速率、加速度C .加速度、速度的变化量、速度D .路程、时间、位移2.以36km/h 的速度沿平直公路行驶的汽车,遇障碍物刹车后获得大小为24m/s a =的加速度,开始刹车后第3s 内,汽车走过的路程为( )A .12.5mB .0.5mC .10mD .03.C919飞机着陆后做匀减速直线运动,其运动图像正确的是( )A .B .C .D .4.一物体以6m /s 的速度沿一光滑倾斜木板从底端向上滑行,经过2s ,物体仍向上滑行,速度大小为1m /s 。

若增大木板倾角,仍使物体以6m /s 的速度从底端向上滑行,经过2s ,物体向下滑行,其速度大小变为1m /s 。

以沿木板向上为正方向,用12、a a 分别表示物体在前后两种情况下的加速度,则以下选项正确的是( )A .22122.5m /s 2.5m /s a a =-=-,B .22123.5m /s 3.5m /s a a =-=-,C .22122.5m /s 3.5m /s a a =-=-,D .22123.5m /s 3.5m /s a a ==-,5.列车长为l ,铁路桥长为2l ,列车匀加速行驶过桥,车头过桥头的速度为1v ,车头过桥尾时的速度为2v ,则车尾过桥尾时速度为( )A .213v v -B .213v v +CD .222132v v - 6.物体在AB 段的平均速度比在ABC 段的平均速度更能反映物体在A 点时的瞬时速度质点沿直线运动,其位移—时间图像如图所示,关于质点的运动,下列说法中正确的是( )A .2 s 末质点的位移为零,前2 s 内位移为“–”,后2 s 内位移为“+”,所以2 s 末质点改变了运动方向B .2 s 末质点的位移为零,该时刻质点的速度为零C .质点做匀速直线运动,速度大小为0.1 m/s ,方向与规定的正方向相反D .质点在4 s 时间内的位移大小为0.4 m ,位移的方向与规定的正方向相同7.一质点做直线运动的v -t 图象如图所示,下列选项正确的是( )A .在2~4s 内,质点处于静止状态B .质点在0~2s 内的加速度比4~6s 内的加速度大C .在第4s 末,质点离出发点最远D .在0~6s 内,质点的平均速度为5m/s8.物体做匀加速直线运动,相继经过两段距离为16m 的路程,第一段用时4s ,第二段用时2s ,则物体的加速度是( )A .22m/s 3B .24m/s 3C .28m/s 9D .216m/s 9二、多选题9.关于汽车的运动,下列说法哪些是可能的( )A .汽车在某一时刻速度很大,而加速度为零B .汽车在某一时刻速度为零,而加速度不为零C .汽车在某一段时间,速度变化量很大,而加速度较小D .汽车的加速度很大,而速度变化很慢10.如图,直线a 和曲线b 分别是在平直公路上行驶的汽车A 和B 的位移—时间(x t -)图线,由图可知( )A .在时刻1t ,A 车与B 车相遇B .在时刻2t ,A 、B 两车运动方向相反C .在1t 到2t 这段时间内,B 车的速率先减小后增加D .在1t 到2t 这段时间内,B 车的速率一直比A 车的大11.某遥控汽车在水平地面上由静止启动做加速度大小为22m /s 的匀加速直线运动,启动后经4s 关闭发动机,遥控汽车做加速度大小为21m /s 的匀减速直线运动。

山东省泰安市新泰一中北校区2013-2014学年高一上学期第一次阶段检测生物试题 Word版含答案

山东省泰安市新泰一中北校区2013-2014学年高一上学期第一次阶段检测生物试题 Word版含答案

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,满分100分。

考试时间60分钟。

请将第Ⅰ卷正确答案涂在答题卡上。

第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)1.人体内微量元素的含量甚微,但是对人体的健康却起着重要作用。

下列各组元素全部是微量元素的是( )。

A.Na、K、O、S B.B、Mo、Fe、Zn、Cu C.N、H、O、P、C D.Fe、Ca、Cu、Mg、C 2. 用一般光学显微镜观察生物的细胞与组织,下列叙述不.正确的是( )A.用10倍物镜观察水绵玻片时,玻片与物镜的距离为0.5 cm,若改用30倍物镜观察时,则玻片与物镜的距离应调整在1.5 cm左右B.若载玻片上有d字母,则视野下呈现p字母C.观察向日葵叶片的保卫细胞时,若将玻片标本向右方移动,则视野下保卫细胞向左方移动D.视野下观察到眼虫游向右上方,则应将玻片向右上方移动以便追踪3.用碘液、苏丹Ⅲ染液和双缩脲试剂测得甲、乙、丙三种植物的干种子中三大类有机物颜色反应如下表,其中“+”的数量代表颜色反应深浅程度,下列有关说法不正确的是( )A.B.碘液、苏丹Ⅲ染液和双缩脲试剂与相应的物质发生的颜色反应分别是蓝色、橘黄色和紫色C.在观察颜色时有可能用到光学显微镜D.这三种试剂的使用均不需要水浴加热4.生命活动的承担者、遗传信息的携带者、组成细胞膜的主要脂质依次分别为()A.糖类、脂质、核酸B.蛋白质、核酸、脂肪C.蛋白质、核酸、胆固醇D.蛋白质、核酸、磷脂5.下列关于生物体内水的叙述,不正确的是 ( )A.结合水是细胞的重要组成成分B.血细胞中的水大部分是自由水C.细胞内结合水与自由水的比值与新陈代谢强度无关D.自由水可参与细胞内物质的运输与化学反应6. 用苏丹III染液对脂肪组织进行染色时,可用来冲洗浮色的试剂是()A.HCl B.H2O C.50%的酒精 D.无水酒精7. 地球上瑰丽的生命画卷在常人看来是芸芸众生、千姿百态。

2023-2024学年山东省普高联考高二(上)期中数学试卷【答案版】

2023-2024学年山东省普高联考高二(上)期中数学试卷【答案版】

2023-2024学年山东省普高联考高二(上)期中数学试卷一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知点A (3,2,3),B (1,1,4),则A 、B 的中点的坐标为( ) A .(1,12,−12)B .(2,32,72)C .(4,3,7)D .(−1,−12,12)2.已知直线l 1:2x +2y ﹣5=0,l 2:4x +ny +1=0,若l 1∥l 2,则n 的值为( ) A .﹣6B .6C .4D .﹣43.过点A (1,1)的直线l 与圆M :x 2+y 2﹣6x =0相交的所有弦中,弦长最短为( ) A .5B .2C .√5D .44.已知空间四边形OABC ,其对角线是OB ,AC ,M ,N 分别是对边OA ,BC 的中点,点G 在线段MN 上,且MG =3GN ,用基底向量OA →,OB →,OC →表示向量OG →应是( ) A .OG →=18OA →+38OB →+38OC →B .OG →=18OA →−38OB →+38OC →C .OG →=16OA →+13OB →+13OC →D .OG →=16OA →−13OB →+13OC →5.已知实数x ,y 满足方程x 2+y 2﹣2x =0,则y+1x+1的最大值是( )A .34B .43C .0D .126.战国时期成书《经说》记载:“景:日之光,反蚀人,则景在日与人之间”.这是中国古代人民首次对平面镜反射的研究,体现了传统文化中的数学智慧.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,一条光线从点(2,3)射出,经y 轴反射后与圆x 2﹣6x +y 2+4y +12=0相切,则反射光线所在直线的斜率为( ) A .−43或−34B .17C .57D .567.已知中心在原点,半焦距为4的椭圆x 2m 2+y 2n 2=1(m >0,n >0,m ≠n)被直线方程2x ﹣y +9=0截得的弦的中点横坐标为﹣4,则椭圆的标准方程为( ) A .x 28+y 24=1 B .x 232+y 216=1C .x 28+y 24=1或y 28+x 24=1D .x 232+y 216=1或y 232+x 216=18.苏州有很多圆拱的悬索拱桥(如寒山桥),经测得某圆拱索桥(如图)的跨度AB =100米,拱高OP =10米,在建造圆拱桥时每隔5米需用一根支柱支撑,则与OP 相距30米的支柱MN 的高度是( )米.(注意:√10取3.162)A .6.48B .4.48C .2.48D .以上都不对二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9.空间直角坐标系中,已知O (0,0,0),OA →=(−1,2,1),OB →=(−1,2,−1),OC →=(2,3,−1),则( ) A .|AB →|=2B .△ABC 是直角三角形C .与OA →平行的单位向量的坐标为(√66,−√63,−√66)D .{OA →,OB →,OC →}可以作为空间的一组基底10.在如图所示的三棱锥O ﹣ABC 中,OA =OC =OB =1,OA ⊥面OBC ,∠BOC =π3,下列结论正确的为( )A .直线AB 与平面OBC 所成的角为45° B .二面角O ﹣BC ﹣A 的正切值为√33C .O 到面ABC 的距离为√217D .异面直线OC ⊥AB11.已知直线l :kx ﹣y +2k =0(k ∈R )和圆O :x 2+y 2=8,则( ) A .直线l 恒过定点(2,0)B .存在k 使得直线l 与直线l 0:x ﹣2y +2=0垂直C .直线l 与圆O 相交D .若k =1,则圆O 上到直线l 的距离为√2的点有四个12.已知抛物线y 2=4x ,焦点F ,过点P (1,1)作斜率互为相反数的两条直线分别交抛物线于A ,B 及C ,D 两点.则下列说法正确的是( ) A .抛物线的准线方程为x =﹣1 B .若|AF |=5,则直线AP 的斜率为1 C .若PA →=3BP →,则直线AB 的方程为y =xD .∠CAP =∠BDP三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.过P (﹣1,a )、Q (a +1,4)两点的直线的倾斜角为45°,那么实数a = .14.a →=(1,−1,2),b →=(−2,1,0),c →=(−3,1,k),若a →,b →,c →共面,则实数k = . 15.古希腊数学家阿波罗尼斯在《圆锥曲线论》中记载了用平面截圆锥得到圆锥曲线的方法.如图,将两个完全相同的圆锥对顶放置(两圆锥的顶点和轴都重合),已知两个圆锥的底面直径均为4,侧面积均为2√5π.记过两个圆锥轴的截面为平面α,平面α与两个圆锥侧面的交线为AC ,BD .已知平面β平行于平面α,平面β与两个圆锥侧面的交线为双曲线C 的一部分,且C 的两条渐近线分别平行于AC ,BD ,则该双曲线C 的离心率为 .16.如图,已知菱形ABCD 中,AB =2,∠BAD =120°,E 为边BC 的中点,将△ABE 沿AE 翻折成△AB 1E (点B 1位于平面ABCD 上方),连接B 1C 和B 1D ,F 为B 1D 的中点,则在翻折过程中,AE 与B 1C 的夹角为 ,点F 的轨迹的长度为 .四、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(10分)已知点A (1,2,﹣1),B (2,k ,﹣3),C (0,5,1),向量a →=(−3,4,5). (1)若AB →⊥a →,求实数k 的值;(2)求向量AC →在向量a →方向上的投影向量.18.(12分)已知△ABC 的顶点A (5,1),B (1,3),C (4,4). (1)求AB 边上的高所在直线的方程; (2)求△ABC 的外接圆的方程.19.(12分)如图,在长方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中,M 为BB 1上一点,已知BM =2,CD =3,AD =4,AA 1=5.(1)求直线A 1C 和平面ABCD 的夹角; (2)求点A 到平面A 1MC 的距离.20.(12分)已知定点A (1,﹣2),点B 为圆(x +1)2+(y +4)2=4上的动点. (1)求AB 的中点C 的轨迹方程;(2)若过定点P(12,−2)的直线l 与C 的轨迹交于M ,N 两点,且|MN|=√3,求直线l 的方程.21.(12分)如图,该几何体是由等高的半个圆柱和14个圆柱拼接而成.C ,E ,D ,G 在同一平面内,且CG=DG .(1)证明:平面BFD ⊥平面BCG ;(2)若直线GC 与平面ABG 所成角的正弦值为√105,求平面BFD 与平面ABG 所成角的余弦值.22.(12分)“工艺折纸”是一种把纸张折成各种不同形状物品的艺术活动,在我国源远流长,某些折纸活动蕴含丰富的数学知识,例如:用一张圆形纸片,按如下步骤折纸(如图):步骤1:设圆心是E,在圆内异于圆心处取一定点,记为F;步骤2:把纸片折叠,使圆周正好通过点F(即折叠后图中的点A与点F重合);步骤3:把纸片展开,并留下一道折痕,记折痕与AE的交点为P;步骤4:不停重复步骤2和3,就能得到越来越多的折痕.现取半径为4的圆形纸片,设点F到圆心E的距离为2√3,按上述方法折纸.以线段EF的中点为原点,线段EF所在直线为x轴建立平面直角坐标系xOy,记动点P的轨迹为曲线C.(1)求C的方程;(2)设轨迹C与x轴从左到右的交点为点A,B,点P为轨迹C上异于A,B,的动点,设PB交直线x=4于点T,连结AT交轨迹C于点Q.直线AP、AQ的斜率分别为k AP、k AQ.(ⅰ)求证:k AP•k AQ为定值;(ⅱ)证明直线PQ经过x轴上的定点,并求出该定点的坐标.2023-2024学年山东省普高联考高二(上)期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知点A (3,2,3),B (1,1,4),则A 、B 的中点的坐标为( ) A .(1,12,−12)B .(2,32,72)C .(4,3,7)D .(−1,−12,12)解:因为A (3,2,3),B (1,1,4),所以中点M(3+12,2+12,3+42)=(2,32,72). 故选:B .2.已知直线l 1:2x +2y ﹣5=0,l 2:4x +ny +1=0,若l 1∥l 2,则n 的值为( ) A .﹣6B .6C .4D .﹣4解:因为l 1∥l 2,所以42=n 2≠1−5⇒n =4.故选:C .3.过点A (1,1)的直线l 与圆M :x 2+y 2﹣6x =0相交的所有弦中,弦长最短为( ) A .5B .2C .√5D .4解:将A (1,1)代入x 2+y 2﹣6x ,得到12+12﹣6×1<0,所以点A 在圆内, 再根据x 2+y 2﹣6x =0可得圆心坐标M (3,0),可知当l 与AM 垂直时,弦长最小, 因为AM =√5,即最短弦长为的一半为√32−(√5)2=2,所以最短弦长为2×2=4. 故选:D .4.已知空间四边形OABC ,其对角线是OB ,AC ,M ,N 分别是对边OA ,BC 的中点,点G 在线段MN 上,且MG =3GN ,用基底向量OA →,OB →,OC →表示向量OG →应是( )A .OG →=18OA →+38OB →+38OC →B .OG →=18OA →−38OB →+38OC →C .OG →=16OA →+13OB →+13OC →D .OG →=16OA →−13OB →+13OC →解:∵OG →=OM →+MG →=OM →+34MN →=OM →+34(MO →+OC →+CN →)=OM →+34MO →+34OC →+34×12CB →=14OM →+34OC →+38(OB →−OC →)=18OA →+38OB →+38OC → 故选:A .5.已知实数x ,y 满足方程x 2+y 2﹣2x =0,则y+1x+1的最大值是( )A .34B .43C .0D .12解:C 的方程x 2+y 2﹣2x =0可化为(x ﹣1)2+y 2=1, 它表示圆心(1,0),半径为1的圆,y+1x+1表示圆上的点与点P (﹣1,﹣1)的连线的斜率k , 设过圆上点与点P (﹣1,﹣1)的直线方程为y +1=k (x +1), 则圆心(1,0)到直线y +1=k (x +1)的距离d =|2k−1|√k +1≤1,可得0≤k ≤43,即最大值为43,故选:B .6.战国时期成书《经说》记载:“景:日之光,反蚀人,则景在日与人之间”.这是中国古代人民首次对平面镜反射的研究,体现了传统文化中的数学智慧.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,一条光线从点(2,3)射出,经y 轴反射后与圆x 2﹣6x +y 2+4y +12=0相切,则反射光线所在直线的斜率为( ) A .−43或−34B .17C .57D .56解:根据题意,设B 与点(2,3)关于y 轴的对称,则B 的坐标为(﹣2,3), 则反射光线经过点B ,且与圆x 2﹣6x +y 2+4y +12=0相切,设反射光线所在直线的方程为:y﹣3=k(x+2),即kx﹣y+2k+3=0,圆x2﹣6x+y2+4y+12=0的标准方程为(x﹣3)2+(y+2)2=1,则圆心为(3,﹣2),半径r=1,由圆心(3,﹣2)到反射光线的距离等于半径可得:√1+k2=1,即12k2+25k+12=0,解得k=−43或k=−34.故选:A.7.已知中心在原点,半焦距为4的椭圆x2m2+y2n2=1(m>0,n>0,m≠n)被直线方程2x﹣y+9=0截得的弦的中点横坐标为﹣4,则椭圆的标准方程为()A.x28+y24=1B.x232+y216=1C.x28+y24=1或y28+x24=1D.x232+y216=1或y232+x216=1解:设直线2x﹣y+9=0与椭圆相交于A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2)两点,由{x12m2+y12n2=1x22 m2+y22n2=1,得(x1+x2)(x1−x2)m2+(y1+y2)(y1−y2)n2=0,得k=y1−y2x1−x2=−n2m2×x1+x2y1+y2=2,弦的中点坐标是M(﹣4,1),直线AB的斜率k=2,所以n2m2=12,m2=2n2,又m2﹣n2=16,所以m2=32,n2=16,椭圆的标准方程为x232+y216=1.故选:B.8.苏州有很多圆拱的悬索拱桥(如寒山桥),经测得某圆拱索桥(如图)的跨度AB=100米,拱高OP=10米,在建造圆拱桥时每隔5米需用一根支柱支撑,则与OP相距30米的支柱MN的高度是()米.(注意:√10取3.162)A.6.48B.4.48C.2.48D.以上都不对解:以O为原点,以AB所在直线为x轴,以OP所在直线为y轴建立平面直角坐标系,设圆心坐标(0,a),P(0,10),A(﹣50,0),则圆拱所在圆的方程为x 2+(y ﹣a )2=r 2, ∴{(10−a)2=r 2(−50)2+a 2=r 2,解得a =﹣120,r 2=16900, ∴圆的方程为x 2+(y +120)2=16900.将x =﹣30代入圆方程,得:900+(y +120)2=16900, ∵y >0,∴y =40√10−120≈40×3.162﹣120=6.48. 故选:A .二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9.空间直角坐标系中,已知O (0,0,0),OA →=(−1,2,1),OB →=(−1,2,−1),OC →=(2,3,−1),则( ) A .|AB →|=2B .△ABC 是直角三角形C .与OA →平行的单位向量的坐标为(√66,−√63,−√66)D .{OA →,OB →,OC →}可以作为空间的一组基底 解:因为OA →=(−1,2,1),OB →=(−1,2,−1),所以AB →=OB →−OA →=(0,0,−2),所以|AB →|=2,选项A 正确; 又因为OC →=(2,3,−1),所以BC →=OC →−OB →=(3,1,0), 所以AB →⋅BC →=0,所以△ABC 是直角三角形,选项B 正确; 因为|OA →|=√1+4+1=√6, 所以与OA →平行的单位向量的坐标为:±OA →|OA →|=±(√66,−√63,−√66),选项C 错误; 假设OA →,OB →,OC →共面,则存在唯一的有序数对(x ,y )使OA →=xOB →+yOC →,即(﹣1,2,1)=x (﹣1,2,﹣1)+y (2,3,﹣1)=(﹣x +2y ,2x +3y ,﹣x ﹣y ), 所以{−1=−x +2y 2=2x +3y 1=−x −y ,此方程组无解,故OA →,OB →,OC →不共面,故可作为空间一组基底,选项D 正确. 故选:ABD .10.在如图所示的三棱锥O ﹣ABC 中,OA =OC =OB =1,OA ⊥面OBC ,∠BOC =π3,下列结论正确的为( )A .直线AB 与平面OBC 所成的角为45° B .二面角O ﹣BC ﹣A 的正切值为√33C .O 到面ABC 的距离为√217D .异面直线OC ⊥AB解:选项A ,因为OA ⊥面OBC ,故∠ABO 为直线AB 与平面OBC 所成的角, 又OA =OC =OB =1,所以tan ∠ABO =1,故直线AB 与平面OBC 所成的角是45°,故A 正确; 选项B ,取BC 中点为D ,连接OD ,AD ,因为OA =OB =OC =1,OA ⊥平面OBC ,∠BOC =π3,所以AB =AC =√2,BC =1,OD ⊥BC ,AD ⊥BC , 因为OD ∩AD =D ,所以BC ⊥平面AOD ,故∠ODA 为二面角O ﹣BC ﹣A 的平面角,则tan ∠ODA =OA OD =2√33, 故二面角O ﹣BC ﹣A 的正切值为2√33,故B 错误;选项C ,因为AB =AC =√2,BC =1,所以AD =√72,设O 到面ABC 的距离为h ,则由V A ﹣OBC =V O ﹣ABC ,可得:13×√34×1=13×12×√72×ℎ,解得ℎ=√217,故C 正确;选项D ,若OC ⊥AB ,又OC ⊥OA ,且AB ∩OA =A ,则OC ⊥面OAB , 则有OC ⊥OB ,与∠BOC =π3矛盾,故D 错误.故选:AC .11.已知直线l :kx ﹣y +2k =0(k ∈R )和圆O :x 2+y 2=8,则( ) A .直线l 恒过定点(2,0)B .存在k 使得直线l 与直线l 0:x ﹣2y +2=0垂直C .直线l 与圆O 相交D .若k =1,则圆O 上到直线l 的距离为√2的点有四个解:由直线l :kx ﹣y +2k =0,整理成k (x +2)﹣y =0,则直线恒过定点(﹣2,0),故A 错误; 若直线l :kx ﹣y +2k =0与直线l 0:x ﹣2y +2=0垂直, 则k +2=0,解得k =﹣2,故B 正确;因为(﹣2)2+0=4<8,所以定点(﹣2,0)在圆O :x 2+y 2=8内部, 所以直线l 与圆O 相交,故C 正确; 当k =1时,直线l 化为x ﹣y +2=0, 圆心O 到直线的距离d =|2|√2=√2,圆O 半径2√2, 因为d <r 且d =12r ,所以圆O 到直线l 距离为√2的点有三个,故D 错误.故选:BC .12.已知抛物线y 2=4x ,焦点F ,过点P (1,1)作斜率互为相反数的两条直线分别交抛物线于A ,B 及C ,D 两点.则下列说法正确的是( ) A .抛物线的准线方程为x =﹣1 B .若|AF |=5,则直线AP 的斜率为1 C .若PA →=3BP →,则直线AB 的方程为y =xD .∠CAP =∠BDP解:对于选项A :因为抛物线方程为y 2=4x ,可得该抛物线的准线方程为x =﹣1,故选项A 正确; 对于选项B :不妨设A (x 0,y 0),因为|AF |=5,所以x 0+p2=x 0+1=5,x 0=4,解得y 0=±4, 又P (1,1),则直线AP 的斜率为4−14−1=1或−4−14−1=−53,故选项B 错误; 对于选项C :不妨设A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2),因为P (1,1),所以BP →=(1−x 2,1−y 2),PA →=(x 1−1,y 1−1), 因为PA →=3BP →,所以{3(1−x 2)=x 1−13(1−y 2)=y 1−1,得{x 1=4−3x 2y 1=4−3y 2.因为y 12=4x 1,所以(4−3y 2)2=4(4−3x 2),即3y 22−8y 2=−4x 2, 因为y 22=4x 2,所以4y 22−8y 2=0,y 2=0或y 2=2,当y 2=0时,x 2=0,解得x 1=4,y 1=4; 当y 2=2时,x 2=1,解得x 1=1,y 1=﹣2,此时直线AB 的斜率不存在,直线CD 的斜率为0,不符合题意;则A (4,4),B (0,0),此时直线AB 的方程为y =x ,故选项C 正确. 对于选项D :易知直线AB ,CD 的斜率存在,不妨设直线AB :y =k (x ﹣1)+1, 则直线CD :y =﹣k (x ﹣1)+1,A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2),C (x 3,y 3),D (x 4,y 4), 联立{y =k(x −1)+1y 2=4x ,即{x =1k (y −1)+1y 2=4x,消去x 并整理得y 2−4k y +4k −4=0,因为P (1,1)在抛物线内部,所以Δ>0, 由韦达定理得y 1+y 2=4k ,y 1y 2=4k−4,因为|AP|=√1+1k 2|y 1−1|,|BP|=√1+1k2|y 2−1|, 所以|AP|⋅|BP|=(1+1k 2)|(y 1−1)(y 2−1)|=(1+1k2)|y 1y 2−(y 1+y 2)+1| =(1+1k 2)|4k −4−4k +1|=3(1+1k2), 同理得|CP|⋅|DP|=3[1+1(−k)2]=3(1+1k 2),所以|AP |•|BP |=|CP |•|DP |,即|AP||DP|=|CP||BP|,又∠CP A =∠BPD ,所以△APC ∽△BPD ,则∠CAP =∠BDP ,故选项D 正确. 故选:ACD .三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.过P (﹣1,a )、Q (a +1,4)两点的直线的倾斜角为45°,那么实数a = 1 . 解:过P (﹣1,a )、Q (a +1,4)两点的直线的倾斜角为45°, 则k PQ =tan45°=1,又k PQ =4−aa+2=1⇒a =1. 故答案为:1.14.a →=(1,−1,2),b →=(−2,1,0),c →=(−3,1,k),若a →,b →,c →共面,则实数k = 2 . 解:因为a →,b →,c →共面,所以存在x ,y ∈R ,使得c →=xa →+yb →, 又因为a →=(1,−1,2),b →=(−2,1,0),c →=(−3,1,k), 所以(﹣3,1,k )=x (1,﹣1,2)+y (﹣2,1,0), 所以{−3=x −2y1=−x +y k =2x ,解得x =1,y =2,k =2.故答案为:2.15.古希腊数学家阿波罗尼斯在《圆锥曲线论》中记载了用平面截圆锥得到圆锥曲线的方法.如图,将两个完全相同的圆锥对顶放置(两圆锥的顶点和轴都重合),已知两个圆锥的底面直径均为4,侧面积均为2√5π.记过两个圆锥轴的截面为平面α,平面α与两个圆锥侧面的交线为AC ,BD .已知平面β平行于平面α,平面β与两个圆锥侧面的交线为双曲线C 的一部分,且C 的两条渐近线分别平行于AC ,BD ,则该双曲线C 的离心率为 √5 .解:以AC ,BD 的交点在平面β内的射影为坐标原点,两圆锥的轴在平面β内的射影为y 轴,在平面β内与x轴垂直的直线为x轴,建立平面直角坐标系.根据题意可设双曲线C的方程为x2a2−y2b2=1(a>0,b>0).∵两个圆锥的底面直径均为4,则底面半径为2,又侧面积均为2√5π,∴一个圆锥的母线长为√5.则双曲线C的渐近线方程为y=±2x,即ba=2.∴双曲线的离心率为e=ca=√c2a2=√a2+b2a2=√1+(ba)2=√5.故答案为:√5.16.如图,已知菱形ABCD中,AB=2,∠BAD=120°,E为边BC的中点,将△ABE沿AE翻折成△AB1E (点B1位于平面ABCD上方),连接B1C和B1D,F为B1D的中点,则在翻折过程中,AE与B1C的夹角为90°,点F的轨迹的长度为π2.解:在菱形ABCD中,∠BAD=120°,E为边BC的中点,所以AE⊥BC,在翻折过程中,有AE⊥B1E,AE⊥CE,因为B1E∩CE=E,B1E、CE⊂平面B1CE,所以AE⊥平面B1CE,又B1C⊂平面B1CE,所以AE⊥B1C,即AE与B1C的夹角为90°;分别取AB ,AB 1的中点M 和N ,连接EM ,EN ,FN ,因为N ,F 分别为AB 1和B 1D 的中点, 所以FN =12AD ,FN ∥AD ,又E 为BC 的中点,所以CE =12BC =12AD ,CE ∥AD ,所以FN =CE ,FN ∥CE ,所以点F 的轨迹与点N 的轨迹相同,即从点M 到点N 的轨迹,因为AE ⊥平面B 1CE ,所以点B 1的轨迹是以E 为圆心,BE 为半径的圆, 所以点N 的轨迹是以AE 的中点为圆心,BE 2为半径的圆, 所以点N 的轨迹长度为12×2π×BE2=π×12=π2,即点F 的轨迹长度为π2.故答案为:90°,π2.四、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(10分)已知点A (1,2,﹣1),B (2,k ,﹣3),C (0,5,1),向量a →=(−3,4,5). (1)若AB →⊥a →,求实数k 的值;(2)求向量AC →在向量a →方向上的投影向量.解:(1)由题意,AB →=(1,k −2,−2),a →=(−3,4,5), 因为AB →⊥a →,所以AB →⋅a →=0,即﹣3+4k ﹣8﹣10=0,得k =214. (2)由题意,AC →=(−1,3,2),a →=(−3,4,5),所以向量AC →在向量上a →上的投影向量为:(AC →⋅a →|a →|)a →|a →|=3+12+10√9+16+253√210,2√25,√22)=(−32,2,52).18.(12分)已知△ABC 的顶点A (5,1),B (1,3),C (4,4). (1)求AB 边上的高所在直线的方程;(2)求△ABC 的外接圆的方程. 解:(1)∵A (5,1),B (1,3), ∴直线AB 的斜率k AB =1−35−1=−12, ∴AB 边上的高所在直线的斜率为2, ∵AB 边上的高所在直线过点C (4,4),∴AB 边上的高所在直线的方程为y ﹣4=2(x ﹣4),即2x ﹣y ﹣4=0. (2)∵CA →=(1,−3),CB →=(−3,−1), ∴CA →⋅CB →=0,即△ABC 为以角C 为直角的直角三角形, 故△ABC 的外接圆以AB 中点(3,2)为圆心,|AB|2=12√(1−5)2+(3−1)2=√5为半径,∴△ABC 的外接圆的方程为(x ﹣3)2+(y ﹣2)2=5.19.(12分)如图,在长方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中,M 为BB 1上一点,已知BM =2,CD =3,AD =4,AA 1=5.(1)求直线A 1C 和平面ABCD 的夹角; (2)求点A 到平面A 1MC 的距离.解:(1)依题意:AA 1⊥平面ABCD ,连接AC ,则A 1C 与平面ABCD 所成夹角为∠A 1CA ,∵AA 1=5,AC =√32+42=5, ∴△A 1CA 为等腰三角形, ∴∠A 1CA =π4,∴直线A 1C 和平面ABCD 的夹角为π4,(2)(空间向量),如图建立坐标系,则A (0,0,0),C (3,4,0),A 1(0,0,5),M (3,0,2), ∴AC →=(3,4,0),A 1C →=(3,4,﹣5),MC →=(0,4.﹣2), 设平面A 1MC 的法向量n →=(x ,y ,z ),由{n →⋅A 1C →=3x +4y −5z =0n →⋅MC →=4y −2z =0,可得n →=(2,1,2), ∴点A 到平面A 1MC 的距离d =|AC →⋅n →||n →|=3×2+4×1√2+1+2=103.20.(12分)已知定点A (1,﹣2),点B 为圆(x +1)2+(y +4)2=4上的动点. (1)求AB 的中点C 的轨迹方程;(2)若过定点P(12,−2)的直线l 与C 的轨迹交于M ,N 两点,且|MN|=√3,求直线l 的方程.解:定点A (1,﹣2),点B 为圆(x +1)2+(y +4)2=4上的动点. (1)设点C 的坐标为(x ,y ),则点B 的坐标为(2x ﹣1,2y +2), ∵点B 为圆(x +1)2+(y +2)2=4上的动点,∴(2x ﹣1+1)2+(2y +2+4)2=4,即x 2+(y +3)2=1, ∴AB 的中点C 的轨迹方程为x 2+(y +3)2=1;(2)当直线l的斜率存在时,设直线l的方程为y+2=k(x−12 ),∵圆的半径r=1且|MN|=√3,∴圆心到直线的距离d=1 2,∴d=|1−k2|√1+k=12,解得k=34,∴直线l的方程为y+2=34(x−12),即6x﹣8y﹣19=0;当直线l的斜率不存在时,直线l的方程为x=1 2,此时|MN|=√3,满足条件;综上,直线l的方程为x=12或6x﹣8y﹣19=0.21.(12分)如图,该几何体是由等高的半个圆柱和14个圆柱拼接而成.C,E,D,G在同一平面内,且CG=DG.(1)证明:平面BFD⊥平面BCG;(2)若直线GC与平面ABG所成角的正弦值为√105,求平面BFD与平面ABG所成角的余弦值.解:(1)证明:如图,连接CE,DG,因为该几何体是由等高的半个圆柱和14个圆柱拼接而成,CG=DG,所以∠ECD=∠DCG=45°,所以∠ECG=90°,所以CE⊥CG,因为BC∥EF,BC=EF,所以四边形BCEF 为平行四边形, 所以BF ∥CE , 所以BF ⊥CG ,因为BC ⊥平面ABF ,BF ⊂平面ABF , 所以BC ⊥BF ,因为BC ,CG ⊂平面BCG ,BC ∩CG =C , 所以BF ⊥平面BCG , 因为BF ⊂平面BFD , 所以平面BFD ⊥平面BCG .(2)如图,以A 为坐标原点建立空间直角坐标系,设AF =2,AD =t ,则A (0,0,0),B (0,2,0),F (2,0,0),D (0,0,t ),G (﹣1,1,t ),C (0,2,t ),则AB →=(0,2,0),AG →=(−1,1,t),GC →=(1,1,0), 设平面ABG 的一个法向量为m →=(x ,y ,z), 则{m →⋅AB →=0,m →⋅AG →=0,所以{m →⋅AB →=(x ,y ,z)⋅(0,2,0)=2y =0m →⋅AG →=(x ,y ,z)⋅(−1,1,t)=−x +y +tz =0,令z =1,y =0,x =t ,所以m →=(t ,0,1),记直线GC 与平面ABG 所成的角为θ,则sinθ=|cos〈GC →,m →〉|=|GC →⋅m →||GC →||m →|=|t|√2×√t +1=√105,解得t =2(负值舍去),即AD =2,设平面BFD 的一个法向量为n →=(x′,y′,z′),FB →=(−2,2,0),FD →=(−2,0,2),则{n →⋅FB →=0n →⋅FD →=0即{−2x ′+2y ′=0−2x′+2z′=0,令x ′=1,则n →=(1,1,1), 所以cos <m →,n →>=m →⋅n →|m →||n →|=√2+1⋅√1+1+1=35×3=√155,所以平面BFD 与平面ABG 所成角的余弦值为√155. 22.(12分)“工艺折纸”是一种把纸张折成各种不同形状物品的艺术活动,在我国源远流长,某些折纸活动蕴含丰富的数学知识,例如:用一张圆形纸片,按如下步骤折纸(如图): 步骤1:设圆心是E ,在圆内异于圆心处取一定点,记为F ;步骤2:把纸片折叠,使圆周正好通过点F (即折叠后图中的点A 与点F 重合); 步骤3:把纸片展开,并留下一道折痕,记折痕与AE 的交点为P ; 步骤4:不停重复步骤2和3,就能得到越来越多的折痕.现取半径为4的圆形纸片,设点F 到圆心E 的距离为2√3,按上述方法折纸.以线段EF 的中点为原点,线段EF 所在直线为x 轴建立平面直角坐标系xOy ,记动点P 的轨迹为曲线C . (1)求C 的方程;(2)设轨迹C 与x 轴从左到右的交点为点A ,B ,点P 为轨迹C 上异于A ,B ,的动点,设PB 交直线x =4于点T ,连结AT 交轨迹C 于点Q .直线AP 、AQ 的斜率分别为k AP 、k AQ . (ⅰ)求证:k AP •k AQ 为定值;(ⅱ)证明直线PQ 经过x 轴上的定点,并求出该定点的坐标.解:(1)因为|PE|+|PF|=|PA|+|PE|=4>|EF|=2√3, 所以点P 的轨迹是以E ,F 为焦点,且长轴长2a =4的椭圆, 焦距2c =|EF|=2√3, 此时b 2=a 2﹣c 2=1, 则轨迹C 方程为x 24+y 2=1;(2)证明:(i )不妨设P (x 1,y 1),Q (x 2,y 2),T (4,m ), 由题可知A (﹣2,0),B (2,0),第21页(共21页) 则k AP =y 1x 1+2,k AQ =k AT =m−04−(−2)=m 6, 因为k BP =k BT =y 1x 1−2=m 2, 所以m =2y 1x 1−2, 所以k AP ⋅k AQ =y 1x 1+2⋅m 6=y 1x 1+2⋅y 13(x 1−2)=y 123(x 12−4),① 因为点P 在椭圆上,所以x 124+y 12=1,② 联立①②,解得k AP •k AQ =−112, 故k AP •k AQ 为定值;(ii )证明:不妨设直线PQ 的方程为x =ty +n ,P (x 1,y 1),Q (x 2,y 2),联立{x =ty +nx 24+y 2=1,消去x 并整理得(t 2+4)y 2+2tny +n 2﹣4=0, 由韦达定理得{y 1+y 2=−2tn t 2+4y 1y 2=n 2−4t 2+4, 由(i )知k AP ⋅k AQ =−112, 即y 1x 1+2⋅y 2x 2+2=y 1y 2(ty 1+n+2)(ty 2+n+2)=−112, 整理得n 2−44n 2+16n+16=−112, 解得n =1或n =﹣2(舍去),所以直线PQ 的方程为x =ty +1,故直线PQ 经过定点(1,0).。

山东省新泰市第一中学(弘文部)2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题

山东省新泰市第一中学(弘文部)2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题

山东省新泰市第一中学(弘文部)2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、阅读选择Parks are an essential part of many cities and towns around the world.They offer a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life,a place to enjoy nature,and an opportunity to engage in physical activity.Here are four famous parks from different parts of the world.Central Park-New York City,USACentral Park is an urban park located in the heart of New York City.It covers843acres and features several lakes,gardens,and recreational facilities.Visitors can take a walk through the park’s many paths or participate in sports activities such as tennis and baseball.Hyde Park–London,UKHyde Park is one of the largest parks in London and covers350acres.It offers a serene retreat from the city’s busy streets,with many trees,gardens,and fountains to explore. Visitors can also enjoy boating on the park’s Serpentine lake,cycling,or even horseback riding.The park is also home to several famous landmarks.Tokyo Park-Tokyo,JapanTokyo Park is a beautiful urban park in the heart of Tokyo and covers over130acres.It offers a tranquil(宁静的)environment for visitors to relax and enjoy nature,with several ponds,gardens,and walking trails.The park is also home to several famous museums and art galleries.Kruger National Park–South AfricaKruger National Park is one of Africa’s largest game reserves.It is home to many different species of animals,including elephants,lions,and rhinoceroses.Visitors can take guided tours to see the animals in their natural habitats.1.What do Central Park in New York and Tokyo Park have in common?A.They have all kinds of sports equipment.B.They are urban parks in the heart of City.C.They have famous museums and art galleries.D.They are homes to several famous landmarks.2.What can people do in Hyde Park?A.Ride a horse.B.Play tennis and baseball.C.Appreciate some art works.D.Visit the natural habitats of animals. 3.In which park people can see many different species of wild animals?A.Central Park.B.Hyde Park.C.Tokyo Park.D.Kruger National Park.On July17,1888,Miriam Elizabeth Benjamin became the second African American woman to receive a patent from the ernment for her invention of a Gong and Signal Chair.At the time of her application,Benjamin was living in Washington,D.C.,working as an educator in the city’s public schools.One of only a few black women to receive a patent before1900,Benjamin also studied medicine and law at Howard University.Benjamin aimed to transform several industries with her innovation,including hotels, theaters,healthcare,and government.The key feature of the chair was a notification system, which allowed the seated person to press a button and issue an alarm to the attendant when assistance was needed.Press the button,the gong or bell would sound,and the red signal or flag on the chair would also appear.Benjamin’s invention received attention in the press and was featured in newspapers across the country.She persuaded the ernment to have it used as a means to signal pages in the U.S.House of Representatives,for example,and the final system installed was similar to her proposal.The method used to signal flight attendants on airplanes can also date back to Benjamin’s insight.Benjamin’s career as an inventor did not end in1888.In1917,she patented a system to deliver drugs in the sole(鞋底)of a shoe.By1920,Benjamin had returned to Boston to live with her brother,Edgar,a successful lawyer,and her mother.She remained there until her death in1947.Benjamin never married nor had any children.Benjamin also had success as a composer.Music historians believe she composed at least two important marches.The U.S.Marine Band under John Philip Sousa performed one piece,“The Boston Elite Two Step,”in the early1890s.Another composition,“The American Bugle Call,”gained even more attention as the campaign song for the1904Presidential Campaign of Theodore Roosevelt.4.What do we know about Benjamin?A.She invented a beneficial alarm-sounding chair.their chances of survival and successful reproduction.Furthermore,body language often overcomes language barriers,enabling communication between individuals who do not share a common language.This is particularly important in diverse societies or in situations where verbal communication is not possible.In such cases,gestures,facial expressions,and body movements become fundamental in conveying messages and building connections.Nonetheless,it is essential to recognize that body language is not always the same. Cultural differences and individual personality traits can affect the interpretation of certain gestures and expressions.For example,direct eye contact is generally considered a sign of respect and focus in Western cultures,while it may be seen as a challenge or disrespect in other cultures.Therefore,it is crucial to be mindful of these differences when interpreting body language in cross-cultural communication.8.What can we learn about body language from paragraph1?A.It is only used by humans.B.It is limited to verbal communication.C.It can express emotions and intentions.D.It is ineffective in bridging language barriers.9.What does the underlined word“depression”mean in paragraph2?A.Being proud.B.Losing heart.C.Discomfort.D.Curiosity. 10.Why is body language important in diverse societies?A.It bridges language barriers.B.It helps establish social classes.C.It is the primary form of communication.D.It removes the need for verbal communication.11.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Animals rely only on verbal communication.B.Body language is universally interpreted the same way.C.Understanding body language can lead to successful reproduction.D.Cultural differences can affect the interpretation of body language.Plants need phosphorus(磷)to grow.At first,people used organic or natural fertilizer. In1842English agricultural chemist John Bennet Lawes patented a process for treatingphosphorus-rich bones and rocks with acid,making it easier for plants to obtain,and soon the world’s first human-made fertilizer began selling.Later scientists discovered that phosphorus was a bit tricky.The fertilizer Lawes produced contained a form of phosphorus that plants can easily use.But as soon as the phosphorus hit the soil,a large part of it reacted with soil minerals,forming substances that crops can’t access.Some also got locked away in equally unavailable organic forms.So scientists concluded farmers shouldn’t cut back phosphorus.They should use more, especially as they raced to feed the world’s growing populations during the20th century.In fact,it was once soil scientist Paul Withers’job to spread the word.As a government farm advisor in the1980s,he drove a red Volvo station wagon around the winding roads of rural England telling farmers to make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method, which Withers calls“insurance-based farming”,is still widely used around the world.But is the large amount of unused phosphorus in the soil-so-called legacy(遗漏的) phosphorus actually as difficult to obtain as scientists once thought?English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley has taken a first common sense step:They stopped adding phosphorus fertilizer to half the barley field to see how the plants would grow.Eight years later,they have only just started to observe the first signs of phosphorus shortage.Barbara Cade-Menun,who oversees similar experiments in Canada,says,“Our production isn’t changing.”“The plants can use our mistakes from the past,”says Sheida Sattari,whose2012 analysis found global soils contain enough legacy phosphorus to cut the expected demand for new fertilizer in half by2050.12.What was the disadvantage of Lawes’fertilizer?A.The cost of producing it was a bit high.B.Too much of it would do harm to plants.C.It could only be partly absorbed by plants.D.It led to the loss of some minerals in the soil.13.What was Withers’attitude to phosphorus overuse?A.He felt uncertain of it.B.He was in favor of it.C.He was worried about it.D.He showed no interest in it.B.Directed-energy WeaponsC.It can burn enemies with a noiseless flash of lightD.It is often a warning about the consequences of technologyE.Here are some of the incredible Wells predictions that have come trueF.Wells recognized the damaging power that might be created by this weaponG.Scientists are working towards the possibility that animal organs could save human patients二、完形填空25.A.better B.darker C.smaller D.sharper 26.A.wisdom B.speed C.labor D.management 27.A.mind B.patience C.choice D.background 28.A.laughed at B.put forward C.objected to D.benefited from 29.A.weakened B.remembered C.started D.broadened 30.A.audience B.instructor C.discoverer D.competitor 31.A.fail B.finish C.apply D.disappear 32.A.drinking B.eating C.dancing D.swimming 33.A.exercised B.calculated C.played D.escaped 34.A.sum up B.insist on C.take up D.depend on 35.A.certainly B.generally C.impossibly D.gratefully四、书信写作46.你校英文报正在举办“科技与生活”英文征文比赛。

新泰市第一中学北校区高二地理上学期第一次月考0月试题

新泰市第一中学北校区高二地理上学期第一次月考0月试题

山东省新泰市第一中学北校区2020—2021学年高二地理上学期第一次月考(10月)试题一、单选题(每题2分,共72分)下图为我国某中学地理研究性学习小组野外宿营时,同学们把照相机固定,对准北极星附近的星空,长时间曝光,得到的北极星附近星辰运动轨迹的照片。

据图完成下面小题。

1.图像最能反映()A.地球自转B.地球公转C.流星运动D.恒星运动2.某一遥远的恒星A在该日22:04位于图中的☆位置,那么,第二天该恒星处于星空同样位置最接近的时间()A.22:04 B.22:56 C.21:56 D.22:003.图像中心和该恒星的视运动方向分别为()A.北极星、逆时针B.天顶、顺时针 C.天顶、逆时针D.北极星、顺时针下图中虚线ACB表示晨昏线,∠EOF=150°,阴影部分表示11月6日。

读图回答下列各题。

4.下列叙述正确的是()①该图表示北半球②该图表示南半球③AC为晨线④BC为晨线A.①③B.②③C.①④D.②④5.此时北京时间为()A.11月6日6时B.11月7日18时C.11月5日6时D.11月5日4时火星是太阳系屮与地球最为相似的行星,有大气,与地球自转周期相似,地表多与地球荒漠相似,对其探測极具科学意义.2020年7月23日12时41分,中国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器在海南文昌航天发射场发射升空,飞行2000多秒后,成功将5吨重的探测器送入预定轨道。

开启火星探测之旅,迈出了中国自主开展行星探测的第一步.“天问一号”火星任务利用1次发射完成“环绕"“着陆”“巡视”火星3大任务.右图为中国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器示意图。

火星车的肚子旁还装有4个“大翅膀”,但是它并不能飞,这4个“翅膀”是太阳能的电池板,专门为火星车运行提供能源。

据此完成下面小题。

6.与我国其他发射场相比,“天问一号”探测器选择在文昌发射的主要原因有()①发射窗口期气候条件好②纬度低,自转线速度大,同等火箭载重更大③设备运输便利,发射费用低④地形隐蔽性强,利于保密A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③7.“天问一号”探测器( )A.发射和运行时可能受极光的干扰B.定轨以后位于地球平流层C.运行的能量主要来源于太阳辐射D.发射起飞后成为自然天体北京时间2019年6月25日02时09分,我国在西昌(102°E,27°N)卫星发射中心用“长征三号—乙"运载火箭,成功发射第46颗北斗导航卫星,该卫星与此前发射的20颗北斗三号卫星组网运行,进一步提升北斗系统覆盖能力和服务性能。

山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试语文试题及答案解析

山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试语文试题及答案解析

山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试语文试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。

人都生活在自己的时代,没有哪个人能够超越自己的时代。

人的时代性,也就是人的历史性,因为任何时代都是历史过程中的一个阶段。

人都是从自己所处的时代和个人处境观察事物和世界的,因此历史性和时代性既是人类认识的特点,也可以说是不可超越的命运。

中国传统文化的创造者不是绝对精神的体现者,而是伟大的思想家,他们都是生活于具体时代的现实的人。

他们的思想之所以伟大,是因为他们创造的思想学说不仅反映他们所处时代的要求,而且具有超越时代的智慧。

真正的思想既有时代性,又具有超越时代的永恒性。

有人说,“取其精华,去其糟粕”的提法是不对的。

儒学中凡是能留传下来的都是精华;不是精华,早就被历史淘汰了。

对于整个传统文化来说,也是如此。

这样说对吗?只说对了一半。

留传下来的既有精华,也有糟粕。

因为传统文化的流传并非文化自身,而是人的选择,尤其是处于统治地位的统治者的选择。

他们是按照他们的标准来进行文化传承的。

文化传统的演变并非与社会无关的文化自身的演变,而是要经过时代和历史的过滤与筛选,而过滤与筛选的标准不可能脱离阶级的标准,因为在任何社会中处于统治地位的思想都是统治阶级的思想。

朱熹选取《论语》《孟子》《大学》《中庸》合编为四书,当然有他的标准。

乾隆编《四库全书》时的取舍和删改也有其标准。

我们处于社会主义中国,我们对待传统文化同样有我们的标准,这就是“取其精华,去其糟粕”。

有人说,什么是“精华”,什么是“糟粕”,是分不清的。

的确,文化不像苹果,烂在哪里,一目了然,可以一分为二,去掉烂的,保留好的。

传统文化是一个复杂的机体,①对待传统文化不可能采取简单的拿来主义,必须经过自己的咀嚼,经过肠胃的消化,这就是阅读和理解。

“取其精华,去其糟粕”,是马克思主义的传统文化观。

不仅共产党人这样做,历朝历代都在这样做。

山东省新泰市2023_2024学年高二数学上学期第二次月考试题含解析

山东省新泰市2023_2024学年高二数学上学期第二次月考试题含解析

2022级高二上学期第二次质量检测数学试题时间:120分钟;满分150分一、单选题(每小题5分,共40分)1.抛物线22y x =的焦点到准线的距离为()A.18B.12C.14D.42.若直线20ax y +=与直线2(1)(1)0x a y a +++-=平行,则a 的值是()A.1或2- B.1- C.2- D.2或1-3.如图,空间四边形OABC 中,OA a = ,OB b = ,OC c = ,点M 在OA上,且2OM MA =,点N 为BC 中点,则MN =()A.121232a b c -+B.211322a b c-++C.111222a b c +-D.2132a b c +- 4.已知双曲线C :()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点分别为1F ,2F ,过1F 的直线与C 的左支交于A ,B 两点,且112AF F B =,290ABF ∠=︒,则C 的渐近线为()A.223y x =±B.324y x =±C.62y x =±D.102y x =±5.在数列{}n a 中,1210,8a a ==,且()*1122,n n n a a a n n +-+=≥∈N ,则数列{}na 的前15项和为()A.84B.102C.120D.1386.已知F 是双曲线221412y x -=的下焦点,(4,1)A 是双曲线外一点,P 是双曲线上支上的动点,则PF PA +的最小值为()A.9B.8C.7D.67.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 有最小值,且2022202310a a -<<,则使0n S >成立的正整数n 的最小值为()A.2022B.2023C.4043D.40448.已知圆:C 224410x y x y +---=,AB 是圆C 上的一条动弦,且AB =,O 为坐标原点,则+OA OB 的最小值为()A.2- B.1- C. D.二、多选题(每小题5分,共20分)9.已知圆22:4O x y +=和圆22:4240M x y x y +-+=+,下列说法正确的是()A.两圆的公共弦所在的直线方程为22y x =+B.圆O 上有2个点到直线20x y ++=的距离为C.两圆有两条公切线D.点E 在圆O 上,点F 在圆M 上,EF 310.如图的形状出现在南宋数学家扬辉所著的《详解九章算法·商功》中后人称为“三角垛”,“三角垛”最上层有1个球,第二层有3个球,第三层有6个球,…,设第n 层有n a 个球,从上往下n 层球的总数为n S ,则()A.535a =B.535S =C.11n n a a n +-=+ D.不存在正整数2m >,使得m a 为质数11.如图,在棱长为2的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E ,F ,G ,H 分别是1DD ,11A B ,CD ,BC的中点,则下列说法正确的有()A.E ,F ,G ,H 四点共面B.BD 与EF 所成角的大小为3πC.在线段BD 上存在点M ,使得MC 1⊥平面EFGD.在线段1A B 上任取一点N ,三棱锥N EFG -的体积为定值12.法国著名数学家加斯帕尔·蒙日在研究圆锥曲线时发现:椭圆的任意两条互相垂直的切线的交点Q 的轨迹是以坐标原点为圆心,为半径的圆,这个圆称为蒙日圆.若矩形G 的四边均与椭圆22:154x y C +=相切,则下列说法正确的是()A.椭圆C 的蒙日圆方程为229x y +=B.若G 为正方形,则G 的边长为C.若P 是直线l :230x y +-=上的一点,过点P 作椭圆C 的两条切线与椭圆相切于M ,N 两点,O 是坐标原点,连接OP ,当MPN ∠为直角时,0OP k =或43-D.若H 是椭圆C 蒙日圆上一个动点,过H 作椭圆C 的两条切线,与该蒙日圆分别交于P ,Q 两点,则HPQ △面积的最大值为18三、填空题(每小题5分,共20分)13.已知点F 为抛物线24y x =的焦点,点P 在抛物线上,O 为坐标原点,若OFP △的面积为2,则O 到直线PF 的距离为______.14.已知数列{}n a 满足1111,2n n n n a a a a a ++=-=,则8a =__________.15.在以O 为中心,1F 、2F 为焦点的椭圆上存在一点M ,满足1222MF MO MF ==,则该椭圆的离心率为_____________.16.已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b +=>>,经过仿射变换x x a y y b =⎧'='⎪⎨⎪⎩,则椭圆变为了圆222x y a ''+=,并且变换过程有如下对应关系:①点()0,Px y 变为00,a P x y b⎛⎫' ⎪⎝⎭;②直线斜率k 变为a k k b '=,对应直线的斜率比不变;③图形面积S 变为aS S b'=,对应图形面积比不变;④点、线、面位置不变(平行直线还是平行直线,相交直线还是相交直线,中点依然是中点,相切依然是相切等).过椭圆2214x y +=内一点11,2P ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭作一直线与椭圆相交于C 两点,A B ,则AOB 的面积的最大值为______.四、解答题(17题10分,18-22每小题12分,共70分)17.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和公式为2230n S n n =-:(1)求出数列的通项公式,并判断这个数列是否是等差数列;(2)求n S 的最小值,并求n S 取得最小值时n 的值.18.已知ABC 的三个顶点是(1,2),(1,4),(4,5)A B C -.(1)求AB 边的高所在直线的方程;(2)若直线l 过点C ,且点A ,B 到直线l 的距离相等,求直线l 的方程.19.已知圆O :224x y +=及点()4,0M ,动点P 在圆O 上运动,线段MP 的中点为Q .(1)求点Q 的轨迹方程;(2)过点3,22⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭作直线l 与Q 的轨迹交于A ,B两点,满足AB =l 的方程.20.已知平面内一动点()(),0P x y x ≥到点()1,0F 的距离比到y 轴的距离大1.(1)求动点P 的轨迹C 的方程;(2)过点()2,0Q 的直线l 与C 相交于A ,B 两点,在x 轴上是否存在点M 使得AMQ BMQ ∠=∠?若存在,请求出点M 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.21.如图,已知四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 是菱形,60BAD ∠=︒,O 为边AD 的中点,AB =,PA PD ==PB =(1)证明:PD OB ⊥;(2)试判断线段PC 上是否存在点M 使得二面角M OB C --的余弦值为277,若存在求出点M 的位置;若不存在,请说明理由.22.如图,已知圆()221:3100F x y -+=,动圆P 过点()23,0F -且与圆1F 内切于点N ,记动圆圆心P 的轨迹为E .(1)求E 的方程;(2)过点()(),05M m m >的直线l (不与x 轴重合)与E 交于A ,B 两点,点C 与点B 关于x 轴对称,直线AC 与x 轴交于点Q ,已知点()5,0D ,试问MD DQ MD DQ-是否为定值?若是,请求出该定值,若不是,请说明理由.新泰一中东校2022级高二上学期第二次质量检测数学试题时间:120分钟;满分150分一、单选题(每小题5分,共40分)1.抛物线22y x =的焦点到准线的距离为()A.18B.12C.14D.4【答案】C 【解析】【分析】由22y x =可得抛物线标准方程为:212x y =,由焦点和准线方程即可得解.【详解】由22y x =可得抛物线标准方程为:212x y =,所以抛物线的焦点为10,8⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,准线方程为18y =-,所以焦点到准线的距离为14.故选:C.2.若直线20ax y +=与直线2(1)(1)0x a y a +++-=平行,则a 的值是()A.1或2- B.1- C.2- D.2或1-【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据两直线平行的条件,列出方程组,即可求解.【详解】由直线20ax y +=与直线2(1)(1)0x a y a +++-=平行,可得2(1)2110a a a +=⨯⎧⎨-≠⎩,解得2a =-,所以实数a 的值为2-.故选:C.3.如图,空间四边形OABC 中,OA a = ,OB b = ,OC c = ,点M 在OA上,且2OM MA =,点N 为BC 中点,则MN =()A.121232a b c -+B.211322a b c-++C.111222a b c +- D.2132a b c +- 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据空间向量线性运算,结合图形分析可得.【详解】因为2OM MA =,点N 为BC 中点,所以13MA OA = ,12BN BC =,故1132MN MA AB BN OA OB OA BC=++=+-+ ()()11213232a b a OC OB a b c b =+-+-=-++- 211322a b c =-++.故选:B .4.已知双曲线C :()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点分别为1F ,2F ,过1F 的直线与C 的左支交于A ,B 两点,且112AF F B =,290ABF ∠=︒,则C 的渐近线为()A.223y x =±B.324y x =±C.62y x =±D.102y x =±【答案】A 【解析】【分析】由题意设1BF x =,则12AF x =,根据双曲线定义可得222AF a x =+,22BF a x =+,在2ABF △,12BF F △中分别利用勾股定理可求得答案.【详解】如图.设1BF x =,12AF x =,则222AF a x =+,22BF a x =+,在2ABF △中由勾股定理:()()()2223222x a x a x ++=+,解得:23x a =,在12BF F △中,由勾股定理:222222433a a a c ⎛⎫⎛⎫++= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭解得:22179c a =,所以2289b a =,所以渐近线方程为:3y x =±.故选:A .5.在数列{}n a 中,1210,8a a ==,且()*1122,n n n a a a n n +-+=≥∈N ,则数列{}na 的前15项和为()A.84B.102C.120D.138【答案】C 【解析】【分析】先利用等差中项判断数列为等差数列,然后利用通项公式基本量的运算求出通项,利用求和公式求出和,然后分组求和即可求解.【详解】因为()*1122,Nn n n a a a n n +-+=≥∈,所以{}na 是等差数列,又1210,8a a ==,所以等差数列{}n a 的公差212d a a =-=-,所以()11122n a a d n n =+-=-,所以{}n a 单调递减,且60a =,所以{}n a 的前n 项和()210122112n n n S n n +-==-,所以数列{}n a 的前15项和为()()1231512678151562120a a a a a a a a a a S S ++++=++++----=-+= .故选:C6.已知F 是双曲线221412y x -=的下焦点,(4,1)A 是双曲线外一点,P 是双曲线上支上的动点,则PF PA +的最小值为()A.9B.8C.7D.6【答案】A 【解析】【分析】求出上焦点1F F1的坐标,由双曲线的定义可得1122PF PA a PF PA a AF +=++≥+,从而求得12a AF +的值,推出结果.【详解】解:∵F 是双曲线221412y x -=的下焦点,∴2,a b ==,c =4,F (0,−4),上焦点为1F (0,4),由双曲线的定义可得112249PF PA a PF PA a AF +=++≥+=+=,当A ,P ,H 三点共线时,PF PA +取得最小值9.故选:A .【点睛】方法点睛:圆锥曲线中的最值问题解决方法一般分两种:一是几何法,特别是用圆锥曲线的定义和平面几何的有关结论来求最值;二是代数法,常将圆锥曲线的最值问题转化为二次函数或三角函数的最值问题,然后利用基本不等式、函数的单调性或三角函数的有界性等求最值.7.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 有最小值,且2022202310a a -<<,则使0n S >成立的正整数n 的最小值为()A.2022 B.2023C.4043D.4044【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据题意分析出20220a <、20230a >、202220230a a +>等,利用等差数列的前n 项和公式()12n n n a a S +=分析出结果.【详解】解:因为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 有最小值,所以等差数列{}n a 的公差0d >,因为202220230a a <,所以20220a <,20230a >,所以202220232022410a a a a a <<<<<<< ,又因为202220231a a >-,所以2022202310a a +>,即2022202320230a a a +>,故202220230a a +>,所以()1404320224043404340432022a a a S +⨯==<,()()1404420222023404440444044022a a a a S ++==>,当4043n ≤时,0nS <;当4044n ≥时,0n S >;故使0n S >成立的正整数n 的最小值为4044.故选:D.8.已知圆:C 224410x y x y +---=,AB 是圆C 上的一条动弦,且AB =,O 为坐标原点,则+OA OB 的最小值为()A.2-B.1- C. D.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】首先将圆的方程化为标准式,即可得到圆心坐标,设弦AB 的中点为H ,则2OA OB OH +=,由弦AB 的值求出1CH =,即可得到点H 在以C 为圆心,1为半径的圆上,从而求出OH 的最小值,即可得解.【详解】圆:C 224410x y x y +---=,即()()22229x y -+-=,圆心()2,2C ,半径3r =,设弦AB 的中点为H ,则CH AB ⊥,2OA OB OH +=,且AB =,所以1CH ==,所以点H 在以C 为圆心,1为半径的圆上,所以11OH OC ≥-=,所以+OA OB 的最小值为2.故选:A .二、多选题(每小题5分,共20分)9.已知圆22:4O x y +=和圆22:4240M x y x y +-+=+,下列说法正确的是()A.两圆的公共弦所在的直线方程为22y x =+B.圆O 上有2个点到直线20x y ++=的距离为2C.两圆有两条公切线D.点E 在圆O 上,点F 在圆M 上,EF 53【答案】BCD 【解析】【分析】先判断两圆的位置关系,得出公切线条数,由此判断C ;两圆作差得公共线直线方程,由此判断A ;求出圆心到直线AB 的距离,从而得到2R d -<,进而判断B ;EF 的最大值为OM 加上两圆半径,由此判断D.【详解】对于C ,因为圆22:4O x y +=,所以圆心()0,0O ,半径为2R =,因为圆22:4240M x y x y +-+=+,可化为()()22211x y ++-=,所以圆心()2,1M -,半径为1r =,则21521OM -<=<+,所以两圆相交,则两圆有两条公切线,故C 正确;对于A ,两圆作差得4244x y -+=-,即24y x =+,所以公共弦所在的直线方程为24y x =+,故A 错误;对于B ,圆心()0,0O 到直线20x y ++=的距离为d ==则2R d -=<,所以圆O 上有2个点到直线20x y ++=的距离为,故B 正确;对于D ,max ||213EF OM =++=,故D 正确.故选:BCD .10.如图的形状出现在南宋数学家扬辉所著的《详解九章算法·商功》中后人称为“三角垛”,“三角垛”最上层有1个球,第二层有3个球,第三层有6个球,…,设第n 层有n a 个球,从上往下n 层球的总数为n S ,则()A.535a =B.535S =C.11n n a a n +-=+ D.不存在正整数2m >,使得m a 为质数【答案】BCD 【解析】【分析】根据每层的球的个数可得1n n a a n --=,利用累加法求得(1)2n n n a +=,即可求得55,a S 的值,判断A ,B ;根据1n n a a n --=,可判断C ;根据(1)2n n n a +=,结合数的奇偶性,可判断D.【详解】依题意因为1213211,2,3,n n a a a a a a a n -=-=-=-=,,以上n 个式子累加可得︰(1)123,(2)2n n n a n n +=++++=≥ ,又11a =满足上式,所以(1)2n n n a +=,故556152a ⨯==,故A 错误;因123451,3,6,10,15a a a a a =====,所以512345136101535S a a a a a =++++=++++=,故B 正确;因为1n n a a n --=,所以11n n a a n +-=+,故C 正确;因为(1)2n n n a +=,故当2m >且为整数时,(1)2m m m a +=,此时(1)m m +必为偶数,则(1)2m m +为整数,且为合数,则不存在正整数2m >,使得m a 为质数,D 正确,故选:BCD11.如图,在棱长为2的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E ,F ,G ,H 分别是1DD ,11A B ,CD ,BC 的中点,则下列说法正确的有()A.E ,F ,G ,H 四点共面B.BD 与EF 所成角的大小为3πC.在线段BD 上存在点M ,使得MC 1⊥平面EFGD.在线段1A B 上任取一点N ,三棱锥N EFG -的体积为定值【答案】AD 【解析】【分析】建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量的共面定理可判断A 选项,利用坐标法求异面直线夹角可直接判断B 选项,假设在线段BD 上存在点M ,设BM BD λ=,01λ≤≤,利用坐标法验证线面垂直,可判断C 选项;分别证明EFG 与1A B 上的所有点到平面EFG 的距离为定值,即可判断D 选项.【详解】以A 为原点,以AB ,AD ,1AA 所在直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系,则()0,0,0A ,()2,0,0B ,()2,2,0C ,()0,2,0D ,()12,0,2B ,()10,2,2D ,()0,2,1E ,()1,0,2F ,()2,1,0H ,()1,2,0G ,设AH xAE y AF z AG =++,则()()()()2,1,00,2,11,0,21,2,0x y z =++,所以222120y z x z x y +=⎧⎪+=⎨⎪+=⎩,解得11232x y z ⎧⎪=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪⎪=⎪⎩,故1x y z ++=,即E ,F ,G ,H 四点共面,故A 正确;因为()2,2,0BD =-uu u r,()1,2,1EF =- ,所以cos ,2BD EF BD EF BD EF⋅==⋅ ,所以BD 与EF 所成角的大小为6π,故B 错误;假设在线段BD 上存在点M ,符合题意,设BM BD λ=(01λ≤≤),则()1112,22,2MC BC BM BC BD λλλ=-=-=- ,若MC 1⊥平面EFG ,则10MC EF ⋅= ,10MC EG ⋅=,因为()1,2,1EF =- ,()1,0,1EG =-,所以24420220λλλ-++=⎧⎨-=⎩,此方程组无解,所以在线段BD 上不存在点M ,使得MC 1⊥平面EFG ,故C 错误;因为()12,0,22A B EG =-=,所以1//A B EG ,又1⊄A B 平面EFG ,EG ⊂平面EFG ,所以1//A B 平面EFG ,故1A B 上的所有点到平面EFG 的距离即为B 到平面EFG 的距离,是定值,又EFG 的面积是定值,所以在线段1A B 上任取一点N ,三棱锥N EFG -的体积为定值,故D 正确;故选:AD.12.法国著名数学家加斯帕尔·蒙日在研究圆锥曲线时发现:椭圆的任意两条互相垂直的切线的交点Q 的轨迹是以坐标原点为圆心,为半径的圆,这个圆称为蒙日圆.若矩形G 的四边均与椭圆22:154x y C +=相切,则下列说法正确的是()A.椭圆C 的蒙日圆方程为229x y +=B.若G 为正方形,则G 的边长为C.若P 是直线l :230x y +-=上的一点,过点P 作椭圆C 的两条切线与椭圆相切于M ,N 两点,O 是坐标原点,连接OP ,当MPN ∠为直角时,0OP k =或43-D.若H 是椭圆C 蒙日圆上一个动点,过H 作椭圆C 的两条切线,与该蒙日圆分别交于P ,Q 两点,则HPQ △面积的最大值为18【答案】ABC 【解析】【分析】A 3==,得到蒙日圆方程;B 选项,设出边长,得到方程,求出答案;C 选项,直线l :230x y +-=与229x y +=的交点即为所求P 点,联立后得到P 点坐标,得到斜率;D 选项,2236HP HQ +=,由基本不等式求出最值.【详解】A选项,3==,故椭圆C 的蒙日圆方程为229x y +=,A 正确;B 选项,由题意,G 为圆229x y +=的内接矩形,若G 为正方形,设G 的边长为t ,则2226t t +=,解得t =B 正确;C 选项,由题意得,直线l :230x y +-=与229x y +=的交点即为所求P 点,则222309x y x y +-=⎧⎨+=⎩,解得30x y =⎧⎨=⎩或95125x y ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩,故()3,0P 或912,55⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,故00030OP k -==-或12459305OP k -==---,C 正确.D 选项,由对称性可知,四边形BQHP 为矩形,其中PQ为对角线,且2236HP HQ +=,故()2211924HPQ S HP HQ HP HQ =⋅≤+= ,当且仅当HP HQ =时等号成立,故D 错误.故选:ABC【点睛】关键点睛:本题解决的关键是充分理解蒙日圆的定义与性质,从而得解.三、填空题(每小题5分,共20分)13.已知点F 为抛物线24y x =的焦点,点P 在抛物线上,O 为坐标原点,若OFP △的面积为2,则O 到直线PF 的距离为______.【答案】45##0.8【解析】【分析】根据三角形面积公式,即可求出点()4,4P ,然后抛物线定义,求出PF 长度,根据等面积法即可求出.【详解】()1,0F ,设()24,4P t t ,因为1422OFP S OF t =⋅= ,所以1t =,不妨取()4,4P ,则5PF =,122OFPS PF h =⋅= ,则45h =,故O 到PF 距离为45.故答案为:4514.已知数列{}n a 满足1111,2n n n n a a a a a ++=-=,则8a =__________.【答案】115【解析】【详解】分析:由题,1111,2n n n n a a a a a ++=-=则1112,n na a +-=由此可求出n a ,即可得到8a 详解:由题,1111,2n n n n a a a a a ++=-=则1112,n n a a +-=则数列1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是以111a =为首项,2为公差的等差数列,则()8111121,,.2115n n n a a a n =+-∴=∴=-即答案为115.点睛:!本题考查数列通项公式的求法,属基础题.15.在以O 为中心,1F 、2F 为焦点的椭圆上存在一点M ,满足1222MF MO MF ==,则该椭圆的离心率为_____________.【答案】63【解析】【分析】根据题意结合椭圆定义可得124223MF MO MF a ===,进而利用余弦定理列式求解.【详解】因为12222232MF MF MF MF MF a +=+==,所以124223MF MO MF a ===,因为1F OM ∠与2F OM ∠互补,且1212222F F OF OF c ===,由余弦定理可得2222224164499990222233c a a c a a c a c a+-+-+=⨯⨯⨯⨯,可得2223c a =,所以3e ==.故选:C.16.已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b +=>>,经过仿射变换x xa y yb =⎧'='⎪⎨⎪⎩,则椭圆变为了圆222x y a ''+=,并且变换过程有如下对应关系:①点()0,Px y 变为00,a P x y b⎛⎫' ⎪⎝⎭;②直线斜率k 变为a k k b '=,对应直线的斜率比不变;③图形面积S 变为aS S b'=,对应图形面积比不变;④点、线、面位置不变(平行直线还是平行直线,相交直线还是相交直线,中点依然是中点,相切依然是相切等).过椭圆2214x y +=内一点11,2P ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭作一直线与椭圆相交于C 两点,A B ,则AOB 的面积的最大值为______.【答案】1【解析】【分析】根据新定义求得仿射变换后圆的方程及P '点坐标,求得A O B '''V 的面积最大值,结合定义即可求出AOB 的面积的最大值.【详解】2214x y +=,2a =,1b =,有仿射变换2x x y y =⎧⎨=''⎩,椭圆方程变换为:224x y ''+=,11,2P ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭变换为()1,1P ',如图所示:所以:222221424222A OB d d S r d d d d '''-+'=⨯-=-≤=而:2AO B AOB S S ''''=△,所以:1AOB S ≤△,即AOB 的最大面积为1.故答案为:1.四、解答题(17题10分,18-22每小题12分,共70分)17.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和公式为2230n S n n =-:(1)求出数列的通项公式,并判断这个数列是否是等差数列;(2)求n S 的最小值,并求n S 取得最小值时n 的值.【答案】(1)432n a n =-,{}n a 是等差数列(2)最小值112-,7n =【解析】【分析】(1)根据1n n n a S S -=-计算,然后验证即可;(2)结合二次函数性质求解n S 取得最小值时n 的值.【小问1详解】当1n =时,有11a S ==203028-=-.当2n ≥时,有2212302(1)30(1)n n n a S S n n n n -⎡⎤=-=-----=⎣⎦432n -.又因为413228⨯-=-,所以1n =时432n a n =-也成立,因此数列的通项公式为:432n a n =-.因为14(1)32(432)4n n a a n n +-=+---=,所以{}n a 是等差数列.【小问2详解】(方法一)因为()22215225230215222n S n n n n n ⎛⎫=-=-=-- ⎪⎝⎭,又因为n 是正整数,所以当7n =或8时,n S 最小,最小值是227307112⨯-⨯=-.(方法二)由432n a n =-可知数列{}n a 是递增的等差数列,而且首项1280a =-<.令0n a ≤,可得4320n -≤,解得8n ≤,而且8a =0.由此可知,7n =或8时,n S 最小,最小值是8(280)1122⨯-+=-.18.已知ABC 的三个顶点是(1,2),(1,4),(4,5)A B C -.(1)求AB 边的高所在直线的方程;(2)若直线l 过点C ,且点A ,B 到直线l 的距离相等,求直线l 的方程.【答案】(1)1y x =+(2)9y x =-+或132y x =+【解析】【分析】(1)根据点斜式求得AB 边的高所在直线的方程.(2)对l 是否与直线AB 平行进行分类讨论,由点斜式或斜截式求得直线l 的方程.【小问1详解】直线AB 的斜率为42111-=---,所以AB 边的高所在直线的斜率为1,所以AB 边的高所在直线的方程为()514,1y x y x -=⨯-=+.【小问2详解】直线AB 的斜率为1-,若直线l 与直线AB 平行,则直线l 的方程为()54,9y x y x -=--=-+.线段AB 的中点坐标为()0,3,若直线l 过()0,3,则直线l 的方程为5313,3402y x y x -=+=+-.19.已知圆O :224x y +=及点()4,0M ,动点P 在圆O 上运动,线段MP 的中点为Q .(1)求点Q 的轨迹方程;(2)过点3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭作直线l 与Q 的轨迹交于A ,B两点,满足AB =l 的方程.【答案】(1)()2221x y -+=(2)32x =或1577816y x =-【解析】【分析】(1)解法1:设()00,P x y ,(),Q x y ,由中点坐标公式可得00242x x y y =-⎧⎨=⎩,再将点P 代入圆O 的方程即可得出答案;解法2:设线段OM 的中点为N ,连接NQ ,由题意可得点Q 的轨迹为以N 为圆心,1为半径的圆,即可得出答案.(2)讨论直线斜率存在或不存在,设出直线方程,设圆心Q 到直线l 的距离为d,由AB =入求解即可得出答案.【小问1详解】解法1:设()00,P x y ,(),Q x y ,由中点坐标公式可得:00242x x y y =+⎧⎨=⎩解得:00242x x y y=-⎧⎨=⎩由于点P 在圆O :224x y +=上,所以:22004x y +=,代入可得:()()222424x y -+=化简可得点Q 的轨迹方程为:()2221x y -+=.解法2:设线段OM 的中点为N ,连接NQ ,∵Q 为MP 的中点,∴112NQ OP ==,∴点Q 的轨迹为以N 为圆心,1为半径的圆,则点Q 的轨迹方程为:()2221x y -+=.【小问2详解】当k 不存在时,直线l 的方程为32x =.此时圆心Q 到直线l 的距离为31222d =-=所以:AB ===满足条件.当k 存在时,直线l 的方程为322y k x ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭,设圆心Q 到直线l 的距离为d ,则AB ===12d =而Q 到直线l的距离为12d ===,解得:158k =此时直线l 方程为:1531577282816y x x ⎛⎫=--=- ⎪⎝⎭.综上:满足条件的直线l 的方程为:32x =或1577816y x =-,20.已知平面内一动点()(),0P x y x ≥到点()1,0F 的距离比到y 轴的距离大1.(1)求动点P 的轨迹C 的方程;(2)过点()2,0Q 的直线l 与C 相交于A ,B 两点,在x 轴上是否存在点M 使得AMQ BMQ ∠=∠?若存在,请求出点M 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】(1)()240y x x =≥(2)存在,()2,0M -【解析】【分析】(1)由动点P 到点()1,0F 的距离比到y 轴的距离大1,可得点P 到F 的距离等于P 到直线=1x -的距离,从而可得点P 的轨迹为以()1,0F 为焦点的抛物线,即可求得轨迹C 的方程;(2)设()11,A x y ,()22,B x y ,(),0M t ,直线:2l x my =+,代入24y x =可得2480y my --=,由根与系数的关系可得124y y m +=,128y y =-,由AMQ BMQ ∠=∠,可得AM BM k k =,计算可求得t 的值,即可得结论.【小问1详解】动点()(),0P x y x ≥到定点()1,0F 的距离比到y 轴的距离大1,又0x ≥ ,P 到F 的距离等于P 到直线=1x -的距离,∴动点P 的轨迹为以()1,0F 为焦点的抛物线,∴轨迹C 的方程()240y x x =≥;【小问2详解】设()11,A x y ,()22,B x y ,(),0M t ,直线l 过点()2,0Q ,∴设直线l 方程:2x my =+,代入24y x =,可得2480y my --=,显然216320m ∆=+>,则124y y m +=,128y y =-,AMQ BMQ∠=∠∴AM BMk k =∴()()21120y x t y x t -+-=∴()()2112220y my t y my t +-++-=得()()1212220my y t y y +-+=又 124y y m +=,128y y =-()()28240m t m ∴-+-⨯= 得()20m t --=2t ∴=-,即()2,0M -.故在x 轴上存在点()2,0M -使得AMQ BMQ∠=∠21.如图,已知四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 是菱形,60BAD ∠=︒,O 为边AD 的中点,AB =,PA PD ==PB =(1)证明:PD OB ⊥;(2)试判断线段PC 上是否存在点M 使得二面角M OB C --的余弦值为7,若存在求出点M 的位置;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】(1)证明见解析(2)存在,点M 在PC 的五等分点的二等分点处(靠近P )【解析】【分析】(1)连接PO ,通过证明OB ⊥平面PAD 来证得PD OB ⊥.(2)建立空间直角坐标系,设出M 点的坐标,利用二面角M OB C --的余弦值求得M 点的位置.【小问1详解】连接PO ,因为PA PD ==PO AD ⊥,因为底面ABCD 是菱形,AB =AD =O 为边AD 的中点,所以AO =∴2PO ===,因为60BAD ∠=︒,所以22212cos 312292BO AO AB AO AB BAO =+-⋅⋅∠=+-=,因此2224913PO BO PB +=+==,即PO OB ⊥,又因为2223912OA OB AB +=+==,所以AD OB ⊥,又AD PO O = ,AD ⊂平面PAD ,PO ⊂平面PAD ,所以OB ⊥平面PAD ,又PD ⊂平面PAD ,所以OB PD ⊥,即PD OB ⊥.【小问2详解】由(1)知OA ,OB ,OP 两两垂直,故以O 为坐标原点,OA ,OB ,OP 为x ,y ,z 轴建立如图示空间直角坐标系,则()0,0,0O ,)A ,()0,3,0B ,()002P ,,,()C -,于是()2PC =-- ,()0,0,2PO =- ,()0,3,0OB = ,令(01)PM PC λλ=<< ,则(),3,22OM PM PO PC PO λλλ=-=-=-- ,取平面OBC 的一个法向量为()0,0,1m = ,设平面OBM 的一个法向量为(),,n x y z =r ,因为00n OB n OM ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩,所以()301,0,13220y n x y z λλλ=⎧⎛⎫⎪⇒= ⎪⎨ ⎪--++-=⎪⎝⎭⎩ ,又二面角M OB C --为锐二面角且设为θ,所以cos cos ,7m n m n m n θ⋅===⨯ ,277=,2=5λ(负值舍去),故存在点M 使得二面角M OB C --的余弦值为277,此时点M 满足25PM PC =.22.如图,已知圆()221:3100F x y -+=,动圆P 过点()23,0F -且与圆1F 内切于点N ,记动圆圆心P 的轨迹为E.(1)求E 的方程;(2)过点()(),05M m m >的直线l (不与x 轴重合)与E 交于A ,B 两点,点C 与点B 关于x 轴对称,直线AC 与x 轴交于点Q ,已知点()5,0D ,试问MD DQ MD DQ -是否为定值?若是,请求出该定值,若不是,请说明理由.【答案】(1)2212516x y +=(2)是定值,为15.【解析】【分析】(1)设动圆圆心P 的坐标为(),x y ,动圆P 的半径为r ,根据条件可得1210PF PF +=,故动圆圆心P 的轨迹是以12,F F 为焦点的椭圆,根据椭圆定义即可求出轨迹方程;(2)设直线l 的方程为,5x ky m m =+>,11(,)A x y ,22(,)B x y ,22,()C x y -,与椭圆方程联立,然后利用韦达定理求出直线AC 与x 轴交于点Q 的坐标,,直接计算MD DQ MD DQ -即可得答案.【小问1详解】设动圆圆心P 的坐标为(),x y ,动圆P 的半径为r ,则由已知2PF r =,110PF r =-,消去r 得1210PF PF +=,故动圆圆心P 的轨迹是以12,F F 为焦点的椭圆,设为22221,0x y a b a b+=>>,则210a =,5a ∴=,225916b ∴=-=则E 的方程为2212516x y +=;【小问2详解】设直线l 的方程为,5x ky m m =+>,11(,)A x y ,22(,)B x y ,22,()C x y -联立221625400x ky m x y =+⎧⎨+=⎩,消去x 得222(1625)32164000k y kmy m +++-=,21212223216400,16251625km m y y y y k k -∴+=-=++,又直线AC 的方程为121112()y y x x y x x y +=-+-令0y =,得112111222122211221()()2()x y x y ky m y ky m ky y m y y x y y y y y y y ++++++===+++2222164003222516251625321625m km k m k k km m k -⎛⎫⋅+- ⎪++⎝⎭==-+,即25,0Q m ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,()()111151255555555MD DQ m MD DQ DQ MD m m m m-∴=-=-=-=----MD DQ MD DQ -∴是定值,且为15.。

2024学年山东省新泰二中、泰安三中、宁阳二中高二化学第二学期期末考试试题(含解析)

2024学年山东省新泰二中、泰安三中、宁阳二中高二化学第二学期期末考试试题(含解析)

2024学年山东省新泰二中、泰安三中、宁阳二中高二化学第二学期期末考试试题注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。

一、选择题(共包括22个小题。

每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项)1、N A是阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列说法正确的是()A.1L 0.1mol·L-1的NaHCO3溶液中HCO3-和CO32-离子数之和小于0.1N AB.1 mol N2与3 mol H2充分反应,产物的分子数为2N AC.钢铁发生吸氧腐蚀时,0.56g Fe反应转移电子数为0.03N AD.0.1mol FeCl3完全水解形成Fe(OH)3胶体的胶粒数为0.1N A2、下列关于物质的检验方法正确的是( )A.向某无色溶液中滴加氯化钡溶液,产生白色沉淀,再加入稀盐酸后该沉淀不溶解,说明原溶液中一定含有SO B.将某白色固体粉末与氢氧化钠浓溶液共热,产生能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝的气体,证明原固体中一定含有NH C.向某白色固体粉末中滴加稀盐酸,产生能使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体,则原固体粉末中一定含有CO或HCO D.某溶液能使淀粉碘化钾溶液变蓝,则该溶液一定为氯水或者溴水3、金刚砂(SiC)可由SiO2和碳在一定条件下反应制得,反应方程式为SiO2+3C SiC+2CO↑,下列有关制造金刚砂的说法中正确的是A.该反应中的氧化剂是SiO2,还原剂为CB.该反应中的氧化产物和还原产物的物质的量之比为1∶2C.该反应中转移的电子数为12e-D.该反应中的还原产物是SiC、氧化产物是CO,其物质的量之比为1∶24、如图表示用酸性氢氧燃料电池为电源进行的电解实验。

下列说法中正确的是( )A.燃料电池工作时,正极反应为:O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-B.a极是铁,b极是铜时,b极逐渐溶解,a极上有铜析出C.a极是粗铜,b极是纯铜时,a极逐渐溶解,b极上有铜析出D.a、b两极均是石墨时,a极上产生的O2与电池中消耗的 H2体积比为5、两种气态烃组成的混合气体完全燃烧后得到CO2和H2O的物质的量随混合烃的总物质的量的变化如图所示,则下列对混合烃的判断正确的是()①一定有乙烯;②一定有甲烷;③一定有丙烷;④一定无乙烷;⑤可能有乙烷;⑥可能有丙炔。

2025届山东省泰安三中、新泰二中、宁阳二中三校高三下学期期中考试综合试题

2025届山东省泰安三中、新泰二中、宁阳二中三校高三下学期期中考试综合试题

2025届山东省泰安三中、新泰二中、宁阳二中三校高三下学期期中考试综合试题 注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。

一、单项选择题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、如图所示,放在光滑水平桌面上的A 、B 木块之间夹着一被压缩的弹簧。

现释放弹簧,A 、B 木块被弹开后,各自在桌面上滑行一段距离飞离桌面。

A 的落地点到桌左边的水平距离为0.5m ,B 的落地点到桌右边的水平距离为1m ,则( )A .A 、B 离开弹簧时的速度大小之比为1∶2B .A 、B 离开弹簧时的速度大小之比为2∶1C .A 、B 质量之比为1∶2D .A 、B 质量之比为1∶12、在实验室观察到如下的核反应。

处于静止状态的铝原子核2713Al ,受到一个运动粒子撞击后,合在一起成为一个处于激发态的硅原子核2814Si 。

对此核反应下列表述正确的是( )A .核反应方程为2712813114Al n Si +→B .该核反应是核聚变反应C .新生成的2814Si 与2914Si 是同位素D .新生成的2814Si 处于静止状态 3、关于物理学史,正确的是( ) A .库仑利用扭秤实验,根据两电荷之间力的数值和电荷量的数值以及两电荷之间的距离推导得到库仑定律 B .奥斯特发现电流可以使周围的小磁针发生偏转,称为电磁感应C .法拉第通过实验总结出法拉第电磁感应定律D .欧姆通过实验得出欧姆定律,欧姆定律对金属和电解质溶液都适用,但对气体导电和半导体元件不适用4、火箭向后喷气后自身获得向前的速度。

某一火箭在喷气前的质量为30kg ,间断性完成了多次向后喷气,每秒钟可完成5次喷气。

设每一次喷气均喷出200g 气体,气体喷出后的速度为100m/s ,则第三次喷气后火箭的速度为(题中涉及各速度均以地面为参考系)( )A .1000m/sB .200m/sC .20m/sD .2m/s5、如图所示,N 匝矩形线圈以角速度ω在磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场中绕轴OO ’匀速转动,线圈面积为S ,线圈电阻为R ,电流表和电压表均为理想表,滑动变阻器最大值为2R ,则下列说法正确的是( )A .电压表示数始终为2NBS ωB .电流表示数的最大值NBS Rω C .线圈最大输出功率为22228N B S Rω D .仅将滑动变阻器滑片向上滑动,电流表示数变大,电压表示数变大6、如图所示,两条轻质导线连接金属棒PQ 的两端,金属棒处于匀强磁场内且垂直于磁场。

山东省新泰一中2013-2014学年高二上学期冬季数学竞赛数学文试题 Word版含答案

山东省新泰一中2013-2014学年高二上学期冬季数学竞赛数学文试题 Word版含答案

新泰一中 2012级高二上学期冬季数学竞赛试题(文)2014.1一、选择题(每小题6分,共10小题)1.设x ∈Z ,集合A 为偶数集,若命题p :∀x ∈Z ,2x ∈A,则 p ⌝ ( )A .∀x ∈Z ,2x ∉AB .∀x ∉Z ,2x ∈AC .∃x ∈Z ,2x ∈AD .∃x ∈Z ,2x ∉A2.已知数列{n a }的前n 项和为n s ,且n s +n a =2n (n ∈N *),则下列数列中一定是等比数列的是 ( )A .{n a }B .{n a -1}C .{n a -2}D .{n a +2}3.若0>x 、0>y ,则1>+y x 是122>+y x 的 ( )A .充分非必要条件B .必要非充分条件C .充要条件D .非充分非必要条件4.已知正实数数列{}n a 中,22212111,2,2(2)n n n a a a a a n +-===+≥,则6a 等于( )A .16B .8C .D .45.已知011<<ba ,则下列结论不正确的是( ) A .a 2<b 2B .ab<b 2C .2>+abb a D .|a|+|b|>|a+b| 6. 已知正数x ,y 满足⎩⎨⎧≥+-≤-05302y x y x ,则y xz )21(4⋅=-的最小值为( )A .1B .3241 C .161 D .3217. ABC ∆中,若2lg sin lg lg lg -==-B c a 且)2,0(π∈B ,则ABC ∆的形状是( )A. 等边三角形B. 等腰三角形C. 等腰直角三角形D. 直角三角形 8.过点(0,1)作直线,使它与抛物线y 2=4x 仅有一个公共点,这样的直线有( ) A .1条 B .2条 C .3条 D .4条9.已知△ABP 的顶点A 、B 分别为双曲线C :x 216-y 29=1的左、右焦点,顶点P 在双曲线C上,则|sin A -sin B |sin P的值等于( )A.45B.74C.54D.7 10.已知对任意的[]1,1a ∈-,函数()()2442f x x a x a =+-+-的值总大于0,则x 的取值范围是( )A.1<3x <B.13x x <>或C.12x <<D.23x x <>或二、填空题(每小题6分,共5小题) 11. 已知0,0,lg2lg8lg2x y x y >>+=,则113x y+的最小值是 . 12.已知双曲线x 2a 2-y 2b 2=1(a >0,b >0)的一条渐近线方程是y =3x ,它的一个焦点与抛物线y 2=16x 的焦点相同,则双曲线的方程为__________.13.x 、y 是正数,x ,a ,b ,y 成等差,x ,m ,n ,y 成等比,则m n b a 2)(+的取值范围是 .14.设关于x ,y 的不等式组210,0,0x y x m y m -+>⎧⎪-<⎨⎪+>⎩表示的平面区域内存在点P (x 0,y 0)满足x 0-2y 0=2,则m 的取值范围是15.空中有一气球,在它的正西方A 点测得它的仰角为45°,同时在它南偏东60°的B 点,测得它的仰角为30°,A ,B 两点间的距离为266 m ,这两测点均离地1 m ,则测量时气球离地__________m.三、解答题(每小题12分,共5小题)16.在△AB C 中,内角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知c =2,C =π3. (1)若△ABC 的面积等于3,求a ,b ;(2)记=(sin C +sin(B -A ),2),=(sin2A,1),若与共线,求△ABC 的面积.17.已知全集U=R ,集合A={]2,0[,123|2∈+-=x x x y y },B={x |||1x y -=}。

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

2023-2024学年山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Monet: The Immersive (沉浸式) ExperienceMonet: The Immersive Experience in Liège invites you to step into the world of the French painter Claude Monet, one of the greatest artistic geniuses of the nineteenth century!Explore some of the most breathtaking paintings by Claude Monet with the help of a digital 360-degree presentation. The unique exhibition concept is staged with state-of-the-art multimedia technology, which shows very large images of Monet’s paintings on the walls and floors of the building. It has music, the smell of flowers, and voice-over in several languages to make the paintings come alive in a way never seen before.To fully get into the world of the French painter, visitors are guided through three experience rooms. Each room is a highlight on its own and provides visitors not only with an insight, but also with new experiences and new viewpoints on Monet’s life, his work and his masterpieces.Practical info·Date: from March 2024·Opening hours:Wednesday, Thursday: 10: 00 am-7: 00 pmFriday: 10: 00 am-8: 00 pmSaturday: 9: 00 am-8: 00 pmSunday: 9: 00 am-7: 00 pmMonday and Tuesday: Closed·Duration: the visit will take around 60 to 75 minutes·Location: Eglise Saint-Pholien, Rue Saint-Pholien, 4020 Liège·Please consult the FAQs of this experience here1. How does the exhibition help visitors explore Monet’s paintings?A.It uses digital technology. B.It gives lectures on art.C.It offers stages to visitors. D.It provides language services.2. What will visitors experience in the three rooms?A.An exploration on French art. B.An introductory tour of painters.C.A unique journey to Monet’s world.D.An encounter with Monet-inspiredartworks.3. Which of the following is a recommended visiting time?A.11: 30 am (Wed, Feb 21). B.10: 00 am (Tue, Mar 19).C.6: 30 pm (Thur, Mar 28). D.4: 00 pm (Sun, Apr 7).The Music Educator Award, this year, went to Annie Ray, an orchestra(管弦乐队)director at Annandale High School.She was recognized for her efforts to make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities.Ray got to attend the awards ceremony in Los Angeles and bring home a $10,000 prize.Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra for students with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as their child.Ray also works with a local charity to give damaged instruments a second life in her classroom.The orchestra is about much more than just making music.The most important is to give students a chance to develop their cooperation skills, make mistakes and learn the art of refining something.Ray pushes her students to be brave, go outside their comfort zone and realize they have to learn how to make bad sounds before learning how to make good sounds.And they teach her a lot in return.” Th ey changed my educational philosophy.I understand what it truly means to meet a student where they’re at and apply that elsewhere,” she said.The warm reception on the ceremony was meaningful.Actually, not many people understand what exactly music educators do or how much their work matters.While her administration is supportive, that lack of understanding is a problem facing the profession in general.Another is resources.She says her school “desperately” needs new instruments.She will use some of h er prize money to buy more.Ray also plans to put some of the money towards an ongoing scholarship for students who want to pursue music when they graduate.She knows of several, those particularly interested in music, and aims to offer financial support ne eded to realize their musical dreams” It is hard but truly satisfying,” Ray said.“And there’s nothing else like it for them.”4. What can we learn about Ray from the first two paragraphs?A.She hosted the award ceremony. B.She brought music to more people.C.She gave away instruments to the poor. D.She founded a local charity for children.5. What do students benefit most from the orchestra?A.They acquire in-depth musicalknowledge.B.They make friends with the like-minded.C.They gain personal growth from playing music. D.They improve their connections with educators.6. What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about?A.The reception on the ceremony. B.Importance of music education.C.Challenges for music educators. D.Plans to obtain resources.7. What does Ray find satisfying according to the last paragraph?A.Winning a scholarship. B.Developing interest in music.C.Making musical achievements. D.Transforming dreams into reality.People have come to understand the enormous impacts-beneficial as well as harmful- plastics have on human lives and the environment. As polymer (聚合物) scientists committed to inventing sustainable solutions for real-world problems, we set out to tackle the issue of plastic waste by rethinking the way polymers are designed so we could make plastics with recyclability built right in.Everyday items including milk jug, grocery bags, and takeout containers are made from a class of polymers called polyolefins. These plastics are really durable (耐用的) because the chemical bonds in those polymers are extremely stable. In a world set up for disposable (一次性的) items, durability is no longer a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used today were recyclable through twice as many processes as they are now. Also conventional recycling requires careful sorting of all the collected materials, which can be challenging with so many different plastics. For example, separating paper from metal doesn’t require complex technology, but sorting a container from a milk jug of a different polyolefin is difficult to do without the occasional mistake.In a study published in Science in October 2023, we described a series of polymers with only two building blocks-one soft polymer and one hard polymer-that behave like polyolefins but could be chemically recycled. Connecting two different polymers multiple times until they form a single, long molecule (分子) creates what’s called a multiblock polymer. By ch anging how much of each polymer type goes into the multiblock polymer, our team produced a wide range of materials with properties that covered all polyolefin types.Using the same strategy but by adding hydrogen, we could disconnect the polymers back into their building blocks and easily separate them to use again. When we made new polymers out of these recycled plastics, they performed just as well as the original materials even after several rounds of chemical recycling. So we were able to create materials with similar properties of the plastics the world relies on. We believe this work is a step toward more sustainable plastics.8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning plastics?A.Their multiple uses. B.Their chemical properties.C.Their recycling challenges. D.Their classification criteria.9. A key factor of producing diverse multiblock polymers is ______.A.mixing building blocks with long moleculesB.integrating chemicals into the two polymersC.combining two different multiblock polymersD.adjusting the percentage of the two polymers10. Which is a feature of multiblock polymers?A.They are made from sustainable materials.B.They can be recycled by adding hydrogen.C.Their reliability outperforms traditional plastics.D.Their properties change with rounds of recycling.11. Which of the following might be the best title?A.Designing for Recycling B.Classifying Plastic WasteC.Replace Plastics with Polymers D.Technology Creates the FutureHiring processes can be thought of as a battle between integrity and dishonesty. You might imagine this is a simple fight between truth-seeking firms and self-promoting candidates, and to a certain extent it is. But companies themselves are prone (有倾向的) to bend reality out of shape in ways that are self-defeating.Start with the obvious wrongdoers: job applicants. When it comes to writing the resume (简历), they tend to massage (美化) reality into the most appealing shape possible. Everyone beyond a certain level of experience is a transformational leader personally responsible for generating millions income; the world economy would be about 15 times bigger than it actually is if all such claims were true. The average British spends four and a half hours a day watching TV and online videos. But each average job candidate is an enthusiast for public welfare, using their spare time only for worthy purposes, like volunteering in soup kitchens.But the tendency to stretch the truth infects companies as well as applicants. The typical firm will write a job description that invariably describes the work environment as fast-paced and innovative, and then lays out a set of improbable requirements for the “ideal candidate”, someone who almost by definition does not exist. Sometimes, the requirements include an ability to go back and change the course of history.Too few firms offer an accurate account of what a position actually involves in their job previews, which are supposed to give prospective employees a genuine sense of the negatives and positives of the job, as well as a clear idea of the company’s corporate culture. One effective strategy is to lay out in text or video, what a typical day in the role would look like.Such honesty can be its own reward. Research has long suggested that realistic job previews lead to lower turnover and higher employee satisfaction. A paper in 2011 by David Eamest of Towson University and his co-authors concluded that favourable perceptions of the organisation’s honesty are the best explanation for why. So a process designed to uncover the truth about job applicants would run a lot more smoothly if firms were also honest about themselves.12. Why are “leader” and “enthusiast” mentioned in paragraph 2?A.To present a rule. B.To clarify a fact.C.To make a comparison. D.To explain a phenomenon.13. What does the underlined word “stretch” in paragraph 3 mean?A.Overstate. B.Overturn. C.Overlook. D.Overestimate. 14. What are job previews expected to be like in paragraph 4?A.They show a position as it is. B.They are made either in text or video.C.They are favorable for bigger firms. D.They mainly contain negatives of a job. 15. What does the text mainly talk about?A.Pains and gains of employees. B.How to get the lying out of hiring.C.How to be more appealing in hiring. D.A wrestle between applicants andcompanies.Cultural intelligence, or cultural quotient (CQ) is the ability to manage cultural diversity. 16 It also involves understanding and appreciating cultural differences and being able to adapt to those differences.17 For one thing, it can help you avoid misunderstandings and communication breakdowns with people from other cultures. For another, it enables you to build strong relationships with them. Want to improve your CQ? Try the following tips.If you’re unfamiliar with the culture, chances are you’re not going to adapt well to it. So the first practical aspect of CQ you need to improve is your CQ drive. 18 This drive is the first step towards higher CQ that may help you be open to new possibilities. All you have to do is explore the new situation you find yourself in.After you’ve motivated yourself to get a bit more familiar with the culture, it’s time to go one step further. 19 Of course, this doesn’t mean you need to become an expert in the said culture. Simply, you should try to get to know the ways in which that culture forms and influences its people’s values and behavior.Lastly, you need to use what you have learned and come up with a strategy that will help you improve your CQ. You can expose yourself to various media. This is a useful and easily accessible way to learn about how culture affects behavior. Again, it helps if you learn the language of the culture. This may open a whole new world for you. 20When my father was a teenager, he had been declared a prodigy (天才) by his art teacher. He________ to become an art teacher and had some ________ of his paintings. But when my mother got ill, his creative life ceased.I remembered my father’s ________ for art. One day, I asked whether he was interested in d rawinga cartoon. My father was not much of a ________. When learning to drive, I had asked if it was more important to ________the cars ahead or those behind. “Both.” Then he was ________ for the next three miles.He gave no ________ answer to my query (询问). I asked again the following day. Still no real________. I ultimately ________ the idea. I understood he had enough on his p late already. But a week later, I received an email from my father — with a(n)________. I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!We began to draw cartoons. The process of creating gave hi m ________. As he built his art muscles back up, his teenage self’s enthusiasm ________.He is now painting, drawing and talking so much I have to ________ I’m getting a call to escape his ________. If he were to ask me whether I was prouder of the cartoon or of him turning his life around, I would say, “________.”21.A.went on B.agreed C.seemed D.happened22.A.records B.copies C.exhibits D.celebrations23.A.choice B.love C.skill D.idea24.A.talker B.teacher C.painter D.thinker25.A.drive off B.rush through C.look into D.concentrate on 26.A.careful B.silent C.impatient D.polite27.A.definite B.relevant C.simple D.clever28.A.channel B.response C.message D.word29.A.dropped B.failed C.forgot D.regretted30.A.list B.present C.budget D.attachment31.A.freedom B.safety C.purpose D.trust32.A.grew B.returned C.appeared D.mixed33.A.pretend B.state C.joke D.mention34.A.excitement B.disappointment C.embarrassment D.amusement35.A.Myself B.You C.Neither D.Both阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

山东省泰安第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中检测英语试题

山东省泰安第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中检测英语试题

山东省泰安第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中检测英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、阅读理解Hope Book Club A book club is a small group of persons that are reading the same book in order to share different feelings and opinions about the book.The book club meets once a month for an hour of lively discussion. All students (3+), teachers and parents are welcome! Here you can discover a new world, learn new ideas and make new friends!What you should do:★You will read the book on your own and then discuss your reading in the book club.★You must keep up with your reading so that you can join as a part of your group. The book club will decide what pages or chapters you will read.★You should take down notes and thoughts as you read.★Everyone in the book club is expected to join in the discussion.More tips:★Keep our place clean.★No pets and no smoking.★Take good care of books and return them on time.★You must ask for leave if you cannot join in the discussion.Fees:Kids from 3—7: Free;Kids from 8—18: 10 dollars a month;Adults: 15 dollars a month.If you are interested, call 487-256-656 or 487-266-545, send an email to ****************** or visit our website at .1.How much should a couple with a 6-year-old son pay for being in the club for two months?A.30 dollars.B.60 dollars.C.75 dollars.D.90 dollars 2.How many ways are mentioned here to get more information about the club?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.3.Which of the following is true according to the text?A.Books aren’t allowed to be taken out of the club.B.Joining in the discussion is encouraged in the club.C.You can choose your favourite books to read in the club.D.The members in the club don’t have to finish what they need to read.I’m a seventeen-year-old boy preparing for my A level exams at the end of the year. In the society where my peers (同龄人) and I live, we tend to accept the rat race values (内卷式价值观). As students, we want to get good grades so that we can get good jobs. I enjoy studying and have constantly (不断地) received A’s in my classes. There was a year when I finished first in my class in the final exams. It was a great accomplishment.Another one I am pleased with is that I managed to improve the relationship between Mum and Dad. Dad was a successful businessman who was rarely at home. Mum was a housewife who always felt bored and constantly nagged (唠叨) him to let her go to work. Their constant arguing bothered me, so I advised Dad that Mum would be better off with a part-time job. He agreed, and their relationship has improved since then.My most proud achievement, however, is my successful work in the local old folks’ home. My grandparents had raised me since I was a child. I wept (哭泣) bitterly when they died. Unlike many of my classmates, I do not take part in my school’s community service to earn points. I enjoy my voluntary work and believe I’m contributing to a worthwhile cause. This is where I can help. I talk to the elderly, assist them with their daily life, and listen to their problems, glory days and the hardships they experienced.Last year, I hosted a successful New Year party for the elderly and they enjoyed a great time. Many expressed a desire to attend another party the following year. When I reflect on my accomplishments, I’m especially proud of my service at the old folks’ home, so I hope to study social work at university and work as a social worker in the future. I wish to be more skilled in attending to the less fortunate as well as find great satisfaction in it, after all. 4.What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph?A.His good grades got him a good job.B.He refuses to compete with his peers fiercely (激烈地).C.His views on social values are well known.D.He is content with his performance at school.5.Which role does the author play in his parents’ relationship?A.A helper.B.A judge.C.A monitor.D.A supporter. 6.What is the greatest accomplishment for the author?A.The contribution to volunteering.B.The success in exams.C.The recovery of confidence in life.D.The work in community service. 7.Why does the author want to major in social work at university?A.To gain a well-paid job.B.To give his life a purpose.C.To meet his grandparents’ expectations.D.To better help the disadvantaged.Livestreaming (直播) through channels such as Amazon Live and QVC is an increasingly popular way to sell goods online. It usually lasts between 5 and 10 minutes, and someone promotes a product. Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link.We analyzed (分析) 99,451 sales cases on a livestream selling platform and matched them with actual sales cases. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements.To determine the emotional (情绪的) expression of the salesperson, we used two deep learning models: a face model and an emotion model. The face model discovers the presence or absence of a face in a frame of a video stream. The emotion model then determines the probability that a face is exhibiting any of the six basic human emotions: happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear or disgust. For example, smiling signals a high probability of happiness, while an off-putting expression usually points toward anger.We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. We then combined these probabilities with other possible aspects that might drive sales — such as price and product characteristics — to judge the effect of emotion.We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions — such as anger and disgust — the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise.A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller. A seller’s happiness may be taken as a sign that the seller is gaining interests at the customer’s expense.8.What can we know about the livestreaming to sell goods online?A.It challenges the physical economy.B.It helps big company sell all goods.C.It is very convenient for the buyers.D.It helps the sellers develop fixed expressions.9.What does the underlined word “off-putting” mean in paragraph 3?A.Unhappy.B.Embarrassed.C.Surprised.D.Shy.10.How do customers feel about the seller’s smiling?A.They feel thankful.B.They feel happy.C.They feel cheated.D.They feel so tired.11.Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A.Livestreamers Sell Products SuccessfullyB.Smiling Can Increase the Sales in RealityC.Emotions and Faces: What’s the DifferenceD.Expressions Affect Selling Products OnlineA study, which was published in the magazine Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, found that women may consider men wearing face masks as more attractive. The researchers find that not only do coverings change people’s attractiveness but the type of covering plays a role as well.Dr. Michael Lewis, a professor at Cardiff University’s School of Psychology, said, “Research carried out before the pandemic (疫情) found that medical face masks reduce attractiveness —— so we wanted to test whether this had changed since face coverings became common during the spread of COVID-19 and understand whether the type of mask had any effect.”“Our study suggests that faces are considered most attractive when covered with medical face masks. This may be because we’re used to healthcare workers wearing blue masks and now we associate these with people in caring or medical professions,” Lewis explained. “At a time when we feel insecure, we may find the wearing of medical masks reassuring (使人安心的) and so feel more positive towards the wearer.”The study also suggested that people’s faces were thought of as dramatically moreattractive when covered with masks compared with being uncovered. “Some of this effect may be a result of being able to hide undesirable features in the lower part of the face —— but this effect was present for both less attractive and more attractive people,” Lewis said. The team conducted the study by asking 43 women to rank the attractiveness of images of men’s faces without a mask, wearing a cloth mask, wearing a blue medical mask, and holding a black book covering the area a face mask would hide. The participants said those wearing a cloth mask were more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the surgical (外科的,手术的) mask —— which was just a normal kind —— made the wearer look even better.“The results are opposite of the pre-pandemic research where it was thought masks made people think about disease and the persons should be avoid," said Lewis. “The pandemic has changed our mind in how we treat the wearers of masks. When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think ‘that person has a disease, I need to stay away’.”12.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is right?A.No one likes medical face masks in the world.B.Some people think medical face masks attractive.C.People’s interest in face masks has not changed.D.Once people thought medical face masks less attractive.13.Why do blue masks make men most attractive according to Lewis?A.Blue masks make men look powerful.B.Blue masks are related to medical professions.C.Blue masks help women focus on men’s faces directly.D.Blue masks can hide undesirable features on men’s faces.14.Which of the following image is probably ranked the least attractive according to the new study?A.The one with a cloth mask.B.The one with a blue mask.C.The one with no masks.D.The one with a common surgical mask. 15.Which can be the best title for the text?A.Face masks make people more attractiveB.Less attractive men are more affected by masksC.Face masks may reduce women’s attractivenessD.Masks change the features of our faces effectively二、七选五Why learn English through the news?Learning English through the news is a great way to improve your vocabulary, listening and discussion skills. You can choose-from written, audio(音频的), video and live TV news with options both online and offline. 16Clear English17 Their job is to give facts and summarize events for the public. English news can be easier for ESL (English as a second language) learners to understand because it has a clear context and presentation.Latest informationModern news media is a constant stream of real-life English conversations and fresh information! 18 When you learn English through the news, you have the chance to find out what is happening in the world right How and to interact with stories through comments. social media and discussion.Read, watch, and listenEnglish news comes in many different forms and this gives you greater choice when learning the language. If you prefer reading, there are online newspapers and simpler news websites for. ESL students. If you want to improve your listening and vocabulary skills, there are also TV news channels,YouTube videos, radio stations and podcasts(播客). 19 .Relevant(相关的) to youFresh news is produced daily on every imaginable topic! 20 All you have to do is look online!If you are not interested in politics and“serious”news, why not focus on sports news or the latest from the music scene?A.Popular stories often appear in all of these forums.B.English news is worth including in your study plan for the following reasons.C.Even the word“news”comes from the Latin term“nova”, meaning“new things”.D.An effective way to learn English is by frequently watching English movies.E.Most journalists and newsreaders use Standard English and express themselves well.F.Most learners of English have difficulties understanding original newspapers and TV news.G.Whatever you like, you will always be able to find news articles and stories that are relevant to you.三、完形填空When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather’s house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he 21 painting old ships.As I grew up, we hardly 22 . I noticed he didn’t really 23 much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the 24 for a while, he recovered but was still 25 , moving around his house in a wheelchair.Then, I started 26 his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I 27 , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the 28 . Wondering why he didn’t start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) 29 it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again. It 30 ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and 31 me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the 32 ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some 33 part of him.Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I 34 to discourage him from painting. Days like these are 35 , and I enjoy the little moments.21.A.missed B.started C.loved D.avoided 22.A.fought B.explored C.spoke D.traveled 23.A.paint B.laugh C.exercise D.care 24.A.office B.hospital C.ship D.city 25.A.positive B.busy C.calm D.weak 26.A.searching B.repairing C.sharing D.cleaning 27.A.set off B.came over C.looked around D.called back 28.A.company B.freedom C.challenge D.rest 29.A.drop B.answer C.request D.mention 30.A.happened B.continued C.appeared D.worked 31.A.showed B.lent C.promised D.delivered32.A.broken B.ancient C.empty D.foreign 33.A.youthful B.smart C.fun D.secret 34.A.attempt B.decide C.refuse D.fail 35.A.specific B.ordinary C.valuable D.long四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2020-2021学年山东省泰安市新泰一中老校区高二(上)第一次段考语文试卷

2020-2021学年山东省泰安市新泰一中老校区高二(上)第一次段考语文试卷

2020-2021学年山东省泰安市新泰一中老校区高二(上)第一次段考语文试卷试题数:9,满分:1501.(问答题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。

材料一:中华武术博大精深,但是长期以来武术的概念却未能定性,我们或可从概念的变化中对其发展历史窥见一斑。

“武”的本义,泛指与武力、军事或技击有关的事物。

《礼记》上记载:“孟冬之月,天子乃命将帅讲武,习射御,角力。

”这里的“武”就是指习练射箭、驾御战车等战斗技能。

到了春秋早期,“武”与“文”相对应,专指军事活动。

《史记•孔子世家》记载,孔子摄相事,曰:“臣闻有文事者必有武备,有武事者必有文备。

古者诸侯出疆,必具官以从。

请具左右司马。

”到了春秋末年,受到诸子百家思想及伦理观念的影响,“武”被释义为“止戈为武”。

东汉许慎的《说文解字》记载:“夫武,定功戢兵。

故止戈为武。

”而实际上,“止戈为武”只能是一种理想的和谐状态,要想威慑敌人或制止敌人的武力,必先建立强大的军事武备基础。

“术”有道路、方法和技艺的含义。

《说文解字》载:“术,邑中道也。

”这里“术”的意思是道路。

苏轼《教战守》记载:“役民三司盗者,授以击刺之术。

”这里“术”的意思是方法和技艺。

“武”与“术”并联使用,最早见于南朝颜延之的《皇太子释奠会作》中的“偃闭武术,阐扬文令。

庶士倾风,万流仰镜。

”其中的“武术”与军事技击相关,与“射御”“角力”等词语意思相近。

汉代以后,与武术相关的“武艺”一词开始出现,并被广泛使用。

民国时期,武术曾一度被称之为“国术”,并成立了中央国术馆,以发扬中华武术。

新中国成立之后,与武艺有关的“打拳”“使棒”等技艺统称为“武术”,与武术相关的称谓还有“功夫”。

由“武术”一词的发展历史可知,武术的本质涵义在于技击性。

(取材于刘巧芳、牛炎涛、姚亚行等的相关文章)材料二:中华武术虽然是世界上诸多搏击术中的一种,但其本身已升华为一种艺术形式。

武术的招式名称最容易让人眼前一亮,体现着中华民族的含蓄与智慧。

学生期中考总结(5篇)

学生期中考总结(5篇)

学生期中考总结学生期中考试总结1期中考试结束了,这次考试比上次有些退步(或者这次考试发挥还算正常,自从上次考试不理想后,我进行了深刻的检讨。

)我认真分析了原因:1、在考试前我并没有深入复习,只不过是看了看书。

2、临阵磨枪,突击英语,平时不善于积累。

3、复习没有重点。

总之,对于考试不能临阵磨枪,要注重平时的积累。

善于发现,善于理解,善于思考……“学而不思则惘,思而不学则殆。

”努力,是我们熟得不能再熟的字眼,但这两个字就够一个人做一辈子的了,而且它是永远做不完的。

所以我更应该珍惜时光,为自己的目标而奋斗。

学生期中考试总结2期中考试在焦虑,喜悦,悲伤等种.种复杂心情的交织中,落下了帷幕。

这次期中考试,我的成绩并不好,原本我打算这次考试争取全班前八名的,可由于我考试时的失误,导致这一愿望落空。

虽然成绩相比与去年失误时考得的二十名略有提高,可我自己总的实力并不只是停留在这一阶段,因此,我对这次的成绩,深感自责和惭愧。

这次考试,总的来说,每门都考得欠佳,其中社会和数学的错误尤为突出。

这次数学考试,我附加题部分虽拿了满分,可前半部分却只考了八十四分,主要原因在我动作慢加上自己从小养成粗心的毛病。

使我未对前半部分进行详细的检查。

以及自己平时做题时,总爱钻难题,对较为简单的题目未提高境警戒,所以对一些简单而又容易出错的题,导致考试时不容易留意难点,才做错题。

这次考试我所以的错误点全都是粗心,说明我做题不够谨慎,今后要认真完成老师布置的任务,做好后要认真检查,尽力使今后不再犯同样的错误。

至于社会,是知识点没复习全,该背的没背或背完后印象不深,考试时对一些题一知半解,所以才考得如此差劲。

其他几门,考得不好也不差,平平淡淡。

平淡的有点不像平时的我,要知道,每次考试我总会有一门超拔尖的,可这次考试我算是栽了个大跟头。

学生期中考试总结3说实话,我这次期中考试真的好差劲,五门主科,没有一门是理想的,总分更是低的吓死人。

从小到大,老师都说我聪明,就是太懒,只要勤奋一点,完全可以学得很好。

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32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_such art forms as music and painting.
A. having comபைடு நூலகம்aredwithB. comparingwith
C. comparewithD. comparedwith
A. Helping understand the music words
B. Teaching foreigners to sing songs
C. Introducing the history of music
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)
第一节、语法和词汇知识运用(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
12. Where does the woman find the records?
A. In the window B. On the shelf C. In the suitcase
13.What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A.Friends B.Mother and son C.Saleswoman and customer
A.broke downB.broke upC.broke inD.broke out
26. I’m sorry,the sales manager is not________.He is on the telephone at the moment.
A.reasonableB.suitableC.valuableD.available
C. Old songs and pop songs
19. Which program gives the ideas behind the pop songs?
A.The History of popB.About the Big HitsC.The Road to Music
20. What isPop Wordsfor?
10.What will Mr Smith do this afternoon?
A. Meet the woman B. Meet the man C. Hold a meeting
听第8段材料,回答11至13题。
11. Who is Julian Bream?
A. The man’s friend B. The man’s cousin C. A musician
听第6段材料,回答6至8题。
6. Why does the man need a car?
A. To meet a girlB. To fill it with gasC. To see a patient
7. What would the man like to do to use the car longer?
C. They’re going to shop
5. How long will the nice weather last?
A. A dayB. Three daysC. A week
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
A.lackB.exposeC.missD.reject
30. She’s arranged________swimming lessons next month.
A.her son to haveB.for her son to have
C.for her son havingD.her son having
31. —How often do you see President?
—It varies ________ what I’m working on.Maybe a few times a month.
A.depends onB.depended on
C.depending onD.depend on
1. What does the man mean?
A. The woman is lying
B. The woman is always ill
C. The woman will get well
2. What is the man doing?
A. Preparing dinner B.Readingthe paper C. Having dinner
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the bus stopB. In the streetC. On the bus
4. What are the speakers going to do?
A. They’re going to travel B.They’re going to school
山东省新泰一中2012-2013学年高二上学期期中考试
英语试题2012.11
第I卷(共105分)
第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题词1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
33. It was too noisy outside. Not until _______ at the top of my voice ______ his head.
A. I shouted; did he turnB. I shouted; had he turned
C. did I shout; did he turnD. had I shouted; he turned
9. Why does the mancallMr Smith?
A. He’s afraid Mr Smith will forget the meeting
B. He tells Mr Smith to change the time
C. He asks when Mr Smith is free
A.seeingB.seen
C.to seeD.to be seen
29. —I’ve heard that another brand of milk powder has been banned.
—It’s a shame that some companies ________ the sense of social responsibility.
27. Be careful not to________any letter when you spell the word.
A.leave offB.leave outC.pick outD.take off
28.It still remains________whether he will be allowed to take part in the Olympics.
A. She is an announcer B. She is a reporter C. She is a singer
18. Which may be included in BCD International programs?
A. News of music libraries B. Stories about the old days
35.(2012山东卷)After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope(信封)_____.
A. providing B. providedC. having providedD. provide
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
At the age of forty five,my usually well ordered life became full of changes.After twenty two years of working in a __36__,a plan to use less staff __37__ the unemployment of over one hundred people,I being one of them.
34. —Have the arrangements for the concert next Saturday been all ________?
—Not yet.We haven’t found a free band.
A.in storeB.in wonder
C.in turnD.in place
22. The________of this city are quite a few,like its theme park,the Huge Open air Water screen Film,the Sunday Parade of Citizens,and so on.
A .collectionsB.occasionsC.relationsD.attractions
A. Nine B. Ten C. Eleven
16. When are they going to get together at the gate of the park?
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