AQL Sampling Plan
微波炉验货指导书
Work InstructionForInspection of Microwave Oven微波炉验货作业指导书1.0 Inspection Sampling Plan : 抽样计划AQL SAMPLING PLAN: AQL抽样计划BS6001 & ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2008 single sampling plan for normal inspection is the most widely accepted method of sampling by attributes. It is based on the mathematical theory of probability and offers the advantage of clearly defining “the number of samples to be drawn for inspection from a given lot or consignment “and“the m aximum number of defective samples allowed in the sample size”.BS6001 & ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2008于一般验货的单个批次的抽样计划是最为广泛接受的根据属性进行抽样的方法。
它基于概率论的数理统计并规定了单个批次的抽样数以及该抽样数中最多允许的缺陷样品的数量。
EXPORT CARTON SAMPLING: 外箱抽样“Square root of total export carton quantity” *“外箱总箱数的平方根”*2.0 Inspection contents: 检验内容a : Check all information of product against client’s document/specification : Any discrepancy found like packaging/color/shape/character/function/components/ etc., record the discrepancy on report and put the result as “On Hold”. Client will confirm if approved sample is available for inspection or not.a : 核对产品与客人的资料如包装/颜色/形状/参数/功能/配件/等,如发现任何差异,则记录在报告上并将结果判定为”ON HOLD” .客人将确认是否有签板.Note : Client’s model number is different from the model number on UL file.注意：客户的型号与UL报告中工厂的型号不同.b : Bar Code Scanning Test(S4) : Ensure bar code is scannable and scanned result matches the readable code and client’s specification/sample.b : 条码扫描测试(按S4抽样): 确保条码可扫描并扫描结果与数字码及客人要求/签板相符.c : Packaging Check(GII) : Ensure packaging is clean and dry, the carton was well sealed, literature on carton should be complete and with correct information.c : 包装检查(GII) : 确保包装干净干燥, 卡通箱封好, 印刷的文字完整并正确.d. Microwave Leakage Test-Critical(GII) : Under maximum power consumption, the microwave leakage from the door sealer gap should be less than 1mW/cm².d. 微波泄漏测试-致命缺陷(GII) : 最大功率情况下，门缝处微波泄漏应小于1mW/cm².e. Hi-pot Test-Critical(GII) : Setting 1500V/5S/20mA to perform Hi-pot test.e. 高压测试(GII) : 1500V/5S/20mA.f. Power Consumption and Microwave Power Input Check(3pcs) : Power consumption and microwave power input should be within the range of 90%~105% rated power.f. 功耗和微波输入功率测试(GII) : 产品功耗和微波输入功率应不超过额定功率的110% 范围.g. Function Check(GII) : Normal function check according to instruction manual.g. 功能检查(GII) : 根据产品说明书做功能检查,h. Visual Appearance Check(GII) : Check on information on rating label, instruction manual, warning label and warranty card against client’s specification, ensure below information is present : Microwave Frequency 2450MHz; Power; Rated Voltage; Ratted Wattage; Rated Current; Model; Supplier etc. Visually check product appearance for all consumer concern like rust/coating quality/scratch/dirt/crack/gap/color variation etc., and make judgment according to below defect classification.h. 产品外观检查(GII) : 根据客户资料检查产品额定标签，说明书，警告标签和保证卡，确保以下信息：微波频率2450MHz；电源类型；额定电压；额定功率；额定电流；型号；供应商等。
AQL-抽样表之运用
E.采用II级检验水平（INSPECTION LEVEL II）。
F.由A-E之条件，由（6-1）样本代字表查出其代字为〝J〞，再由表（6-2）单次正常检验表查得：
‧样本大小（亦即要抽验的产品数量）：80PCS
‧抽验箱数须至少为总箱数的开根号值，例如：总箱数为200箱，抽验箱数至少需15箱。
4.1.5允收与拒收之判定：
4.1.5.1单次抽样时，若样本中不良品为d个则：
d≦Ac允收注：Ac为允收不良数
d≧Re拒收注：Re为拒收不良数
（正常或加严检验Rc=Ac+1）
4.1.5.2双次抽样时，若第一次抽样d1个不良品，第二次抽样有d2个不良品时：
第一次抽样不良品有d1个
d1≦Ac1允收
d2≧Re1拒收
3.2.2中低价值产品—家私类及家品类（个别产品成本价人民币50元至200元之间的），AQL值设定为：Critical =0, Major=2.5,Minor=4.0
3.2.3较低价值产品—家私类及家品类（个别产品成本价人民币50元以下的），AQL值设定为：Critical =0, Major=4.0,Minor=6.5
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抽样检验计划
(3)次要缺点(MIN)：实际上不影响制品的使用目的之 缺点
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SAMPLING PLAN SAM PLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN
抽样方案的一种使用法。
放宽检验
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连续5批合格 出现1批不合格
正常检验
5批有2批以上不合格 连续5批合格
加严检验
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SAMPLING PLAN SAM PLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN
抽样计划概述抽样计划概述放宽检验正常检验加严检验连续5批合格出现1批不合格5批有2批以上不合格连续5批合格2017819201781913134允收水准aqlacceptablequalitylevelaql指消費者满意的送检批所含有的最大不良率通常订定允收机率为95时的不良率为aqlaql值应在合同中或由负责部门指定如qa部aql以每百单位产品的不合格品数或不合格品率表示在数值上它等于过程平均不合格品率上限值pmax
批量:(Lot Size)
一个检验批中单位产品数量，以“N”表示。
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SAMPLING PLAN SAM PLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN SAMPLING PLAN
二. 抽样计划基本术语
样本量:(Sample)
在抽取样本时，需注意抽样的随机性。即批量中的每 一件产品，都具有均等的机会被选为样本。
品质管理专业术语
AQL：acceptable quality level允收品質水準S/P：sampling plan 抽樣計劃S/S：sample size抽樣檢驗樣本大小ACC：accept 允收REJ：reject 拒收LRR：lot reject rate 批退率NG：not good 不良品CR：critical 嚴重的MA：major 主要的MI：minor 輕微的Q/R/S：quality/reliability/service品質/可靠度/服務P/N：part number料號L/N：lot number批號AOD：accept on deviation特采FAI：first article inspection 首件檢查PPM：percent per million百萬分之一8D 8 Disciplines Of Solving Problem 解决问题8步法AC./RE. Acceptable / Rejective 允收/拒收AQL Acceptable Quality Level 允收水准ABB Activity-Based Budgeting 实施作业制预算制度ABC Activity-Based Costing 作业制成本制度ABM Activity-Based Mangement 作业制成本管理APS Advanced Planning And Scheduling 应用程式服务供应商APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning 先期产品品质规划ANOVA Analysis Of Variance 方差分析AAR Appearance Approval Report 外观承认报告AC Appraisal Cost 鉴定成本ASL Approved Suplier List 合格供应商清单AVL Approved Vendor List 认可的供应商清单ATP Available To Promise 可承诺量BSC Balanced Score Card 平衡记分卡BOM Bill Of Material 材料明细BTF Build To Forecarst 计划生产BTO Build To Order 订单生产BPR Business Process Reengineering 企业流程再造CPK Capability Of Process 修正过程能力指数Ca. Capability Of Accuraty 精确度指数Cp. Capability Of Precesion 精密度指数CRP Capacity Requirement Planning 产能需求规划C. OF C. Certificate Of Compliance （质量）承诺证明书CEO Chief Excutive Officer 执行总裁CQC Companywide Quality Control 全公司范围的品质管理CPM Complaint Per Illion 每百万报怨次CAD Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计CTO Configuration To Order 客制化生产CRC Contract Review Committee 合同评审委员会CIF Cost Inusance And Freight 到岸价格COQ Cost Of Quality 品质成本CPM Critical Path Method 要径法CTQ Critical Quality 关键质量CAR Crrective Action Report 纠正措施报告CRM Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理CR Customer's Risk 消费者冒险率DSS Decision Support System 决策资源系统DS/SS Def.Size/Sample Size 缺点数/样品数DPU Defect Per Unit 单位缺陷数DPMO Defects Per Million Opportunity 百万个机会中的缺陷数DMADV Define\Measurement\Analysis\Design\Verify 确定、测量、分析、设计、验证DMAIC Define\Measurement\Analysis\Improvement\Control 确定、测量、分析、改善、控制DEPT. Department 部门DMT Design Matuing Testing 成熟度验证DOE Design Of Experiment 实验设计DVT Design Verification Testing 设计验证DRP Distribution Resource Planning 运销资源计划DTS Dock To Stock 免验DCC Docum ent Control Centre 文管中心DBE Drum-Buffer-Rope 限制驱导式排程法EOQ Economic Order Quantity 基本经济订购量EMC Electric Magnetic Capability 电磁相容EC Electronic Commerce 电子商务EDI Electronic Data Imterchange 电子资料交换EC Engenering Change 工程变更ECN Engenering Change Notice 工程变更通知ECRN Engineer Change Request Notice 原件规格更改通知ERP Enterprise Resource Planning 物料需求计划EI&PM Employee Involvement & participative Managem ent 全员参与法EIS Executive Information System 主管决策系统FAE Field Application Engineer 应用工程师FQC Finish Or Final Quality Control 成品品质管制FAI First Article Inspection 首件检验FMEA Failure Mode And Efects Analysis 失效模式及效应分析Yft First Time Yield 首次通过率FMS Flexible Manufacture System 弹性制造系统FCST Forecast 预估FOB Free Of Board 离岸价G R&R Gauge Reproducility & Repeatability 量具再现性与再生性GWQC Groupwide Quality Control 全集团范围的品质管理IQC Incoming Quality Control 进料品质管制ISAR Initial Sample Approval Request 首批样品认可IPQC In-Process Quality Control 过程品质管制ISO International Standardization Orgnization 国际标准化组织JIT Just In Time 即时管理KCP Key Control Point 关键控制点KM Knowledge Management 知识管理LDPU Latent DeFect Per Unit 单位产品潜在缺陷LTC Least Total Cost 最小总成本法LUC Least Unit Cost 最小单位本法LS Lobour Scrap 工时损失LRR lot Rejective Rate 批退率LTPD Lot Tolerance Percent Defective 拒收水准L4L Lot-For-Lot 逐批订购法LCL Lower Control Limit 下控制界限LSL Lower Specification Limit 下规格界限MRO Maintenance Repair Operation 请修（购）单MIS Management Information System 资讯系统MO Managem ent Order 制令MES Manufacturing Execution System 制造执行系统MRP-II Manufacturing Resourece Planning 制造资源规划MPS Master Production Scheduling 主生产排程MRP Material Requirement Plan 物料需求规划MRB Material Review Board 物料鉴审委员会MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet 物质安全资料表MS Material Scrap 材料报废MTBF Mean Time Between F ailure 平均故障间隔时间MSA Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析NG Not Good 不良OLAP On-Line Analytical Processing 线上分析处理OLTP On-Line Transaction Processing 线上交易处理OPT Optimized Production Technology 最佳生产技术ODM Original Design & Manufacture 委托设计与制造OEM Original Equeitpment Manufacture 原始设备制造商/委托代工OQC Out-Going Quality Control 出货品质管制PPM Part Per Million 百万分之……PDCA Plan Do Check Action PDCA管理循环PSO President Staff Office 总经理办公室PM Prevention Mmaintenance 预防维护PC Preventive Cost 预防成本PR Producer's Risk 生产者冒险率PDM Product Data Management 生产资料管理系统POH Product On Hand 预估在手量PPAP Production Part Approval Process 生产品核工业准程序PERT Program Evaluation And Review T echnique 计划评核术P/O Purchase Order 订单QA Quality Assurance 质量保证QC Quality Control 质量管制QCC Quality Control Circle 品管圈QCFS Quality Control Flow Sheet 品质控制流程图QDN Quality Deviation Notice 品质异常通知QDR Quality Deviation Request 品质异常回复QE Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD Quality Function Depioym ent 品质功能展开QIT Quality Improvem ent T eam 品质改善团队QIS Quality Information System 品质信息系统QS9000 Quality System 9000 品质系统9000QSA Quality System Assessment 品质系统评鉴ROP Re-Order Point 再订购点R&D Reserrch And Developm ent 研究开发RMA Returned Material Approval 进货验收RC Rework Cost 返工费用RPN Risk Priority Number 风险领先指数Yrt Rolled Thoughtput Yield 全过程通过率RCCP Rough Cut Capacity Planning 粗略产能规划S S 样本偏差SO Sales Order 订单SFC Shop Floor Comtrol 现场控制σ Sigma 标准差SOR Special Order Request 特殊订单需求SPEC. Specification 规范/规格SDCA Standardzation Do Check Action SDCA管理循环SPC Statistical Process Control 过程统计控制SIS Strategic Information System 策略资讯系统SWOT Strength\ Weakness \Oportunity\ Treats 企业SWOT分析资料SQD Supplier Quality Develepment 供应商品质开发SCM Supply Chain Management 供应链管理TOC Theory Of Constraints 限制理论Ytp Thoughtout Yield 过程通过率TMC Total Manufacture Cost 总制造成本TPM Total Production Management 全面生产管理TQM Total Quality Managem ent 全面品质管理UCL Upper Control Limit 上控制界限USL Upper Specification Limit 上规格界限WIP Work In Process 在制品Xbar X bar X平均值以上只是一部份，供大家参考。
AQL 抽样表之运用
一:目的：为了使我们的公司的产品都能够满足我们客人的要求，从而制定一套随机，分散之原则的抽样检验表之运用程序，同时也采用了国际上通用的AQL标准，即：MIL-STD 105E抽样表。
二：适用范围：此MIL-STD 105E抽样表之运用程序适用于PRICERITE公司的所有产品，包括半成品，成品。
三：采用的具体标准要求：3.1我们公司要求具体标准要求：ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993 single sampling plans ，levelⅡfor normal inspection3.2 我们的产品采用标准:3.2.1 较高价值产品—家私类及家品类（个别产品成本价人民币200元或以上），AQL值设定为：Critical =0, Major=1.5, Minor=2.5,3.2.2 中低价值产品—家私类及家品类（个别产品成本价人民币50元至200元之间的），AQL值设定为：Critical =0, Major=2.5, Minor=4.03.2.3较低价值产品—家私类及家品类（个别产品成本价人民币50元以下的），AQL值设定为：Critical =0, Major=4.0, Minor=6.53.2.4而电器类产品:AQL: Critical =0, Major=1.0, Minor=2.5,3.2.5产品的组装或装配,尺寸测量,性能或功能测试,试验等特殊检验,请采用S-2标准,3.2.6 Drop test新品(第一次出货)至少二箱(指外箱).3.2.7 BAR CODE请100%检查（要能正确地扫描且能读出来）3.2.8其它：客人要求，或其它特殊要求等四:以下为抽样表之具体运用操作范本教材,请参照.4.1 MIL-STD-105E抽样表之由来MIL-STD-105E抽样计划又称计数值的调整型抽样计划，二次大战期间美军军方采购军需武器装备时，对于供货商均以验收检验、制程检验、产品检验、出货检验等方式进行严格的检验以确保武器装备的质量，但由于产品与种类的急遽增多，且制程日益复杂庞大，先前的监督检验制度无法因应此一趋势，而改用稽查检验方式所开发出来的抽样计划。
AQL及抽样方案
在制定检验方案时要综合考虑以上因素.
AQL地主要内容: 3 检验水平 在AQL中制定了三种检验标准,即：正常NORMAL、严格TIGHTENED、宽松REDUCED.并 且随着可能发生的品质波动,指定了三种检验水平的转换：
a、 正常NORMAL检验是最常用的检验水平,当刚开始检验新的供应商生产的货物时,应采用正常检验 b、 从一旦采用了正常NORMAL、严格TIGHTENED、宽松REDUCED中的任何一种,那么在以后对同同系 列或同类型产品的检验中都应采取这一标准,除非供应商的产品品质发生了波动； c、 从正常NORMAL转换的严格TIGHTENED：当采用正常NORMAL检验时,如果连续五次检验中有两次 不合格,这是开始转换采用严格TIGHTENED； d、 从严格TIGHTENED转换到正常NORMAL：当采用严格TIGHTENED检验时,如果连续五次都合格,这 是可以转换采用正常NORMAL； e、 从正常NORMAL转换到宽松REDUCED：当采用正常NORMAL检验时,连续十次检验均合格.并且生产 处于稳定状态,这时可以转换使用宽松REDUCED检验； f、 从宽松REDUCED转换到从正常NORMAL：当采用宽松REDUCED检验时,只要一次检验不合格或者 生产处于波动状态,应立即转换为正常NORMAL检验； . g、 终止检验：当连续十次都不得不采用严格TIGHTENED检验时,这说明供应商的品质状况恶劣,这时需 要采取措施提高产品质量
Symbol definition:
符号定义:
1 批在一定条件下生产出来的一定数量的单位产品所构成的团体,批的单位：卷、箱、包、个、张、板、公斤 2 检验批为实施检验而汇集起来的单位,便于抽样进行,便于抽样结果更具代表性 3 批量N 4 样本及样本大小n 5 样品 6 对于规格精度不高如±1~2mm、破坏性检验等的项目,一般采用抽检1~5个的特殊方法,可对应MIL—STD—105E的S-I抽样. 7 合格判定数AC,不合格判定数RE 8 抽样检验：从检验批中,依批量大小抽出一定数量样本进行检验的方法. 9 抽样标准：抽样方案所依附的具有一定规则的表单,如MIL-STD-105E,GB2828-87. 10 抽样方法抽样技术：从检验批中抽取样品的方法. 11 抽样方案计划：样本大小或样本大小系列和判定数组的组合n /AC,RE. 12 判定数组：合格判定数与不合格判定数结合在一起. 13 检查水平IL：检验批与样本大小之间的等级对应关系. 14 合格品质水平AQL：消费者满意的送检批的最高大不良率.
AQL、LTPD以及“零缺陷”三种抽样检验的比较
AQL、LTPD以及“零缺陷”三种抽样检验的比较凌勇;涂继云【摘要】Sampling inspection can be divided into inspection by variables and inspection by attributes according to the test value of sample, which include single, double and multiple sampling inspection. This paper mainly introduces basic concept, theory of sampling, characterization parameters, OC function, OC curve and samling disciminability index. On this basis, the author describes the structure and procedure of AQL, LTPD and zero defect sampling for inspection. Through the constrast analysis of the three sampling plans, zero defect sampling plan has become to be gradually and widely used by modern enterprises for its simple sampling method,low-cost sampling scheme and advandced concept of quality.% 抽样检验按照检验值的属性可以划分为计量抽样检验和计数抽样检验，而计数抽样检验又包括一次、二次以及多次抽样方案。
文章主要介绍了计数型抽样检验中一次抽样方案的基本概念、抽样原理、表征参数、OC函数、OC曲线以及抽样方案辨别力指标。
第三方验货AQL抽样计划表的使用
AQL抽样表之由来及运用MIL-STD-105E抽样计划又称计数值的调整型抽样计划，二次大战期间美军军方采购军需武器装备时，对于供货商均以验收检验、制程检验、产品检验、出货检验等方式进行严格的检验以确保武器装备的品质，但由于产品与种类的急遽增多，且制程日益复杂庞大，先前的监督检验制度无法因应此一趋势，而改用稽查检验方式所开发出来的抽样计划。
一、抽样检验之术术语与符号1抽样检验：由一批产品或材料中，分散、随机抽取一定数量的样本，按规定项目加以检验或测试，将结果与判定基准比较，判定全批为合格或不合格的整个作业。
2批（LOT）：同条件下生产之产品的集合。
3送验批：送来检验的批。
4批量（LOT SIZE）：送验批中含有检验个体之总数，一般以N代表。
5样本（SAMPLE）：由批中抽取作业检验对象的产品。
6抽样（SAMPLING）：从批中抽取样本的工作。
7样本数（SAMPLE SIZE）：样本之个数以n代表。
8合格判定个数：判定批为合格时，样本内容许含有最高不良品个数，以Ac或c表示9不合格判定个数：判定批为不合格时，样本内所含之最少不良品个数，以Re表示之。
10抽样检验计划：规定样本数，合格判定个数以决定送验批为合格或不合格，这种组合称为抽样检验计划。
例如n=50、c=2即为-抽样检验计划。
11允收品质水准AQL：（ACCEPTABLE QUALITY LEVEL）又称允收水准，送验批品质满意界限，为批不良率时以Po表示。
送验批品质达到此水准，消费者愿意尽量接受该批。
二‧缺点（瑕疵DEFFECT）分级法制品上之任一特性与规格，图样与合约上一切规定不符者均称为缺点。
通常将其分为下列各级；但亦可采用其它分级法，或将这些等级中再加以细分。
2-1严重缺点（CRITICAL DEFECT）：又称危险缺点，系指根据判断或经验，认为此缺点将能使制造者、组配者或使用者有受伤或不安全的可能时，或其最终制品不能执行或达成此制品应有之功能之缺点。
AQL-抽样标准表格
D8
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22 30 31 44 45
E 13
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22 30 31 44 45
F 20
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22
A2
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22 30 31
B3
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22 30 31 44 45
C5
01
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 21 22 30 31 44 45
E
G
J
L
N
P
91—150 B
B
C
D
D
F
G 150001—500000 D
E
J
M
P
Q
151— 280
B
C
D
E
E
G
H 500001以上 D
E
H
K
N
Q
R
281— 500
B
C
D
E
F
H
J
↓小U相S等E ,t或he超f过ir批st量s時am,p則li需ng10p0l%a验n below the arrow .if sample size equals ,or exceeds, lot size, carry out 100 percent inspection/使用箭頭方向第一個抽样计划,如样本大
AQL抽样计划表
aql抽样计划表一aql抽样计划表的由来mil-std-105e抽样计划又称计数量的调整型抽样计划，二次大战期间美军军方采购军需武器装备时，对于供应商均以验收检验，制程检验，产品检验和出货检验等严格的检验来确保武器装备的品质，但由于产品的种类和数量急剧的增多，且制程日益的复杂庞大，先前的检验制度无法适应这一趋势，所以就开发出了mil-std-105抽样计划二aql的定义aql原来叫“合格质量水平（acceptable quality level）”，在新版国家标准《gb/t2828.1-2003计数抽样检验程序第1部分：按接收质量限（aql）检索的逐批检验抽样计划》中，aql的全称被改为了“接收质量限（acceptance quality limit）”，其定义为“当一个连续系列批被提交验收抽样时，可允许的最差过程平均质量水平”。
三、目的:为适应客户之品质抽样检验要求。
三、适用范围：适用于本公司所有之产品单次抽样检验（客户特殊要求除外）。
四、抽样细则:4.1抽样水准（aql）分为正常检验、加严检验与减量检验等三阶段，除非另有规定，一般采用正常检验（ii）。
4.2正常检验、加严检验与减量检验的抽样计划（见附件）样本大小需随从批中随机抽出，经检验若无不合格件产生（零不良），则该批允收。
4.3抽样水准一般采用c=0（即严重缺陷为零），依aql=0.65进行正常抽样，客户另有要求除外。
篇二：aql抽样计划表篇三：aql抽样计划表mil-std-105e抽样表之由来及运用mil-std-105e抽样计划又称计数值的调整型抽样计划，二次大战期间美军军方采购军需武器装备时，对于供货商均以验收检验、制程检验、产品检验、出货检验等方式进行严格的检验以确保武器装备的品质，但由于产品与种类的急遽增多，且制程日益复杂庞大，先前的监督检验制度无法因应此一趋势，而改用稽查检验方式所开发出来的抽样计划。
一、抽样检验之术术语与符号1抽样检验：由一批产品或材料中，分散、随机抽取一定数量的样本，按规定项目加以检验或测试，将结果与判定基准比较，判定全批为合格或不合格的整个作业。
传感器进料检验规范
1.检验条件:检验需在同一光源下,传感器漆面与视线成45°照射下目视,观测时上下左右转动15度,以使被检平面能获得不同方向的光线。
2.仪器检验:先用色差仪进行测量,测量以标准色板为样本,被测产品颜色偏差值,须在合格的范围内(色差仪容差范围:合格范围:△E<1.0,有条件合格范围:1.0≥△E<3.0,不合格范围:△E>3喷漆Sensor做百格试验,要求95%以上方格不允许有脱落;量产产品每批来料进行抽检确认;
A:用百格刀(美工刀)在测试样本表面划10×10个小网格,每一条划线应深及油漆的底层；
B:用毛刷将测试区域的碎片刷干净；
C:用3M胶带牢牢粘住被测试小网格,并用橡皮擦用力擦拭胶带,以加大胶带与被测区域的接触面积及力度；
传感器类
抽样计划(Sampling Plan): AQL = 0.4、C = 0
编号
检验
项目
检验
依据
检验方法
检验设备
等级区分
CR
MA
MI
1
尺寸
工程图面
依工程图面要求测量其重点尺寸;
卡尺精度:0.01MM
V
2
外观
工程图面
承认书
样品
a、表面划伤、颗粒、异色点、橘皮、气泡、凹陷、毛丝等目视可见A级面不可接受;
目视
V
b、外形不规则不可接受;
目视
V
c、杂质、污物不易清除不可接受;
目视
V
d、引线断不可接受;
目视
V
e、引线胶皮破损不可接受;
目视
V
f、连接器端子不稳固不可接受;
目视
V
g、端子上胶不可接受;
目视
V
MIL—STD—105E 英文版
MIL—STD—105E sampling plan1.AQL brief introductionAQL：ACCEPTABLE QUALITY LEVEL 。
Acceptable quality level of the most common AQL sampling standards is the United States military standard。
M I L—S T D—105D/EversionSerial numberstandardmilitary2Sampling inspection wayRandomly selected samples from the group of a certain number , after inspection or testing, with its results compared them to the standard of criterion, and then determine the group is qualified or unqualified way is sampling inspection。
3.sampling inspection standardHas decided to take the sample quantity and determining benchmark data table is sampling inspection standardMIL - STD - 105 - D/E is the most commonly used two kinds of sampling standard, see the AQL tables.ACCEPTABLE QUALITY LEVELSThe content of the AQL table as follows：The first column of the sample data classificationThe second column is the general inspection level: ⅠⅡⅢThe third column is the sample code, use A, B, C...showThe fourth column is sample code the number of sample sizeAfter each column is the different levels of QAL valuesTo pay attention to in the table and it has pointed out the direction of the arrow, in case of fault.4.5according to sample code，comfirm the sample size。
计数值抽样计划sampling plan
计数值抽样计划一.什么是操作特性曲线 ( Operating characteristic “OC” Curves ):抽样计划中一个重要之观念是OC Curve. 也就是在某一缺点率之下, 一批板子在特定抽样计划之下的批允收机率所绘出之曲线图谓OC Curve.An OC curve is a plot of the probability of accepting a lot, as a function of the lot’s defect rate. Let: * p = the defect rate of a lot,* n = the end-of-line inspection sample size,* P a = the probability of the lot being accepted by the sampling scheme. For sampling schemes that accept a lot only when zero defectives are found in the sample, we have:()P p an=-1 For a given sample size, the OC curve looks like this:P ap011改变抽样计划之抽样数会对 OC Curve 有下列之影响: *增加抽样数使变更陡峭也会降低批允收之机率 (P a ) for allquality levels. *降低抽样数使变较平缓也会增加批允收之机率 (P a ) for allquality levels.P ap1D e c rea seS a m p le S izeIn c rea seS a m p le S izeThe JMP template OC_AOQ.JMP can be used to calculate and plot an OC curve for any sample size.OC Curve 绘制范例:假设目前之抽样计划是每批抽240片, 平均每批批量是2500片, 请绘制:下表可由template OC_AOQ.JMP 得出. 只输入 n & N 及可. 增加 ” ROW NUMBER “ 后此 TEMPLATE 可自动计算得下表. “Pa” 设为 Y 轴, “p” 设为 X 轴, 使用 “Fit Y by X” 即可得出下曲线.n N p DPMPa AOQ (DPM)240 2500 0.0000 0 1.0000 0 ? ? 0.0001 100 0.9763 88 ? ? 0.0002 200 0.9531 172 ? ? 0.0003 300 0.9305 252 ? ? 0.0004 400 0.9084 328 ? ? 0.0005 500 0.8869 401 ? ? 0.0006 600 0.8659 470 ? ? 0.0007 700 0.8453 535 ? ? 0.0008 800 0.8252 597 ??0.00099000.8057656. .. .. .. .. .. .OC Curve:0.00000.10000.20000.30000.40000.50000.60000.70000.80000.90001.0000.0000.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.0100p二. 什么是Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)AQL 是在特定之缺点率之下之95%批允收率所订出之零收一退抽样计划.Pap110.95A Q L许多公司于最终成品或近料检验使用AQL 抽样计划, 其公式如下所示:n NA Q L N =+120()()AQLn0.25% (2500 DPM) 20 0.15% (1500 DPM) 33 0.10% (1000 DPM) 50 0.05% (500 DPM)97(based on N = 2500 units per lot)三. AQL 抽样计划之错误观念:AQL”acceptable Quality Level”之DPM level并不代表保障客户之收货之缺点率DPM 等于原AQL DPM. AQL只是特定之缺点率之下之95%批允收率. 如AQL 1500 DPM 抽样计划并不代表客户收货之缺点率DPM 小于1500 DPM, 在95% 之信心度之下.AQL 抽样计划是一个在低缺点率下之高批允收率之抽样计划. AQL 抽样计划只能保障high defect rate excursion.下表在说明AQL能保障之DPM level, 假设90% reject 之机率之下;AQL n Defect Level WhereP a = 10%0.25% (2500 DPM) 20 10.9% (109,000 DPM)0.15% (1500 DPM) 33 6.7% (67,000 DPM)0.10% (1000 DPM) 50 4.5% (45,000 DPM)0.05% (500 DPM) 97 2.3% (23,000 DPM)(based on N = 2500 units per lot)四.什么是Lot Tolerance Percent Defective (LTPD) 抽样计划:LTPD 抽样计划是AQL 之相对极端之抽样计划. LTPD 抽样计划是在特定之缺点率之下之10 % 批允收率所订出之零收一退抽样计划. 如下图所示:Pap110.10L T P D五.如何计算L TPD抽样计划:当指定了LTPD 之DPM level, 依下公式可算出样本数:n NL T P D N=+10434.()()LTPD 抽样计划可以充分保障客户收货之缺点率标准附合原定之DPM Level ( 缺点率如大于原定之DPM Level只有之允收机率). 其样本数约是AQL抽样计划20-30之倍之多. 这是一个过严并不普遍使用之抽样计划. 下表举例不同DPM Level所须之样本数.LTPD n0.25% (2500 DPM) 6740.15% (1500 DPM) 9520.10% (1000 DPM) 12000.05% (500 DPM) 1621(based on N = 2500 units per lot)六.什么是A verage Outgoing Quality (AOQ)AOQ 是客户真实收货之平均缺点率 (is the average defect rate which the customer experiences). AOQ 是较适宜之抽样计划.()A O Q p p N n N n=--⎛⎝ ⎫⎭⎪1A O Qp01A O Q L1/(n +1)The AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Limit) 是客户真实收货之最大缺点率 (is the maximum possible value of average outgoing defect rate):A O Q L N nNn =-2718.()()改变抽样计划之抽样数会对 AOQ Curve 有下列之影响: * 增加抽样数会降低AOQL.*降低抽样数会增加AOQL. A O QpD e cre as e S a m p le S iz e In c re a se S a m p le S iz eThe JMP template OC_AOQ.JMP can be used to calculate and plot an AOQ curve for any sample size.七.如何计算AOQL抽样计划:假设批量大小已知, 客户并已订定AOQL. 依下公式可计算出零收一退抽样计划所需之样本数, 以保障客户收货之平均缺点率( AOQ ) 不会大于AOQL 之limit.n NA O Q L N=+12718.()()AOQL抽样计划并不能保障客户之单一批之收货缺点率, AOQL 是: * 提供客户之平均缺点率保障. ( better protection regarding average defect rates )* 比LTPD少了许多样本数.下表示三种抽样计划之比较:Type of ”Protection”Sample AOQLPlan Level (%) Size (n) % DPM0.25 20 1.82 18,200AQL 0.15 33 1.10 11,0000.10 50 0.72 72000.05 97 0.36 36000.25 139 0.25 2500 AOQL 0.15 224 0.15 15000.10 321 0.10 10000.05 569 0.05 5000.25 674 0.04 400LTPD 0.15 952 0.024 2400.10 1200 0.016 1600.05 1621 0.008 80(based on N = 2500 units per lot)八.抽样计划之JMP 工具:* Q_LEVEL.JMP provides the AQL, LTPD, and AOQL levels fora sampling plan, given the sample size (n) and the lot size (N).* SAMPSIZE.JMP provides the sample sizes for AQL, LTPD, and AOQL based sampling plans, given the lot size (N) and the required DPM level.范例:* Given a sample size n = 240 and a lot size N = 2500, we get the following results from the JMP template Q_LEVEL.JMP:Samp Size Lot Size AQL (DPM) LTPD (DPM) AOQL (DPM) 240 2500 214 9548 1386 * Given a lot size N = 2500, and a required 1500 DPM level, we get the following results from the JMP template SAMPSIZE.JMP: DPM Lot Size n (AQL) n (LTPD) n (AOQL)1500 2500 33 952 224華通內部文件不得外流Page 11。
aql测试（AQLtest）
aql测试（AQL test）AQL is a method of testing according to the characteristics of the object being inspected. AQL sampling inspection is widely used in various objects, such as raw materials, finished products, semi-finished products and so on.1. Main contents of AQL(1) the quality level for different quality levels or requirements, AQL has 26 kinds of prescribed values, from 0.65 to 15. According to the characteristics of garment processing, the commonly used AQL values are 1, 1.5, 2.5, 4, 6.5, among which 2.5 and 4 are the most widely used. Different values reflect different quality levels. Generally, the smaller the value, the higher the quality requirements(2) the level of sampling in AQL, there are three kinds of common level LEVEL I and LEVEL II, LEVEL III, four special sampling, S2, S3 level S1, S4.In the three common sampling levels, LEVEL II is the conventional level, and is often used in the ground level. From LEVEL I to LEVEL III, the number of samples increased gradually. If LEVEL II is taken as the intermediate value, the sampling number of LEVEL I is 40% of LEVEL II, which is suitable for the condition that the quality is stable or the possibility of product inconsistency is minimal. The sampling number of LEVEL III is 160% of LEVEL II, which is a relatively safe sampling level for customers due to the large number of samples tested and the possibility of accepting substandard products to a minimum.The characteristics of four kinds of special sampling level is the sampling number less, because in some cases, such as the cost of inspection of high cost, long time, check the quality of the goods is relatively stable (repeated processing of single product), by sampling a little to overall quality level. From S1 to S4 gradually increasing the number of sampling inspection, should adopt what kind of level is related to many factors, such as:A, manufacturing methods and quality characteristics of products;Analysis of B, test cost and test time;C, supplier's past quality status;D, user requirements analysis;E and supplier credit analysis.The above factors should be taken into consideration when making the inspection plan. In clothing accessories inspection, sometimes the above special sampling level, such as zipper, button and so on.(3) the test level in AQL formulated three test standards, namely: normal (NORMAL), strict (TIGHTENED), loose (REDUCED). And with the possible quality fluctuation, three test level conversions are specified:A and normal (NORMAL) tests are the most commonly used levels of inspection, and normal tests should be used when testing the goods produced by new suppliers at the beginning;B, from once the normal (NORMAL), strict and loose (TIGHTENED) (REDUCED) of any kind, so after the inspection of the same series or the same type of products in this standard shall be taken, unless the supplier's product quality fluctuation happened;C (NORMAL) conversion from normal (TIGHTENED): when the normal (NORMAL) test is used, if there are two failures in the five consecutive tests, this is the beginning of conversion using strict (TIGHTENED);D, from strict (TIGHTENED) to normal (NORMAL): when strict (TIGHTENED) test is used, if five consecutive times are qualified, this can be converted to normal (NORMAL);E, from normal (NORMAL) to loose (REDUCED): when the normal (NORMAL) test, ten consecutive tests are qualified. And the production is in a stable state, which can be converted to the use of REDUCED test;F, from the loose (REDUCED) conversion from normal (NORMAL): when using loose (REDUCED) test, as long as an unqualified production or in a volatile state, should be immediately converted to normal (NORMAL) test;G, termination test: when ten consecutive times have to adopt strict (TIGHTENED) test, which shows that the supplier'squality is bad, then need to take measures to improve product quality.(4) one sampling inspection and two sampling inspectionA, a sampling inspection: the number of predetermined requirements in accordance with the inspection standards, inspection of goods from random sampling and, if the defect numbers less than or equal to the number of accepted standard, the goods can be accepted. If the number of defects is greater than the accepted number stipulated in the standard, the goods will not be accepted.B, two times: the number of sampling inspection in accordance with the requirements of predetermined inspection standards, inspection and sampling from random goods, if the defect numbers less than or equal to the number of accepted standard, the goods can be accepted. If the number of faults is between acceptance and non acceptance, second tests are needed. If the accumulated defect points of the two inspection exceed the number of defects stipulated in the standard, the goods will not be accepted, otherwise the goods will be accepted.The two test is to test a small number to save time, but when the test must be carried out second times, the total number of sampling inspection to more than one sampling number, so two times for sampling inspection quality is relatively stable and easy to be accepted by products. 1, AQL sampling inspection methods and steps(1) the inspection scheme of the inspection plan is decided bythe customer, and also decided by the customer and the supplier.(2) the sample code table has a "sample code table" in AQL, in the inspection plan decision, can find the relevant value according to the code table.(1) the sampling plan gives a series of sampling plans in AQL. These tables give the number of samples tested at different quality levels, and give the number of acceptance (Ac) and the number of rejections (Re).(2) product inspection, from the products to be tested, according to the sample number mentioned above, random sample extraction, attention to random extraction, can ensure the authenticity of the test results. The inspection shall ensure that the 100% test samples collected, even in some parts after your inspection, found a defect number has more than the number of rejected, still should continue to examine the remaining samples for inspection purposes in addition to know "accept" or "reject" results, but also need to know what is the quality of the goods the level and through the accumulation of historical data to determine whether or not qualified after the supplier and decide on the supplier's inspection plan. As suppliers themselves, they also know how to improve the quality of products.(3) count the number of defects, count all the defects and count them.(4) if the judgment is qualified or not, the Ac and Re in the sampling plan can be decided whether to accept or reject".Examples of 2 and AQL sampling inspection(1) an example of a single sample inspection, a batch of clothing for 5000 pieces, the required final inspection program for LEVEL II, AQL4.0, a normal sampling test.A, according to the above inspection plan inspection sample code table, find 5000 of the range in the batch column (3201 ~ 10000), and then find the letter "L on the LEVEL bar".B, look-up table "standard test single sampling plan (summary table)", found "L" line investigation, found the sample number is "200", and in the AQL4.0 column to find "Ac = 14, Re = 15"".C, from the big goods in a random sample of 200 parts inspection, if unqualified number is less than or equal to 14, you can determine the number of clothing is acceptable, if the number of defective products is greater than 14, you can determine the number of clothing is not acceptable.(2) the sample of two times sampling inspection is 500 batches of a batch of clothing, and the inspection program required by customers is LEVEL II, AQL4.0 and two times normal sampling inspection.A, a, according to the above inspection plan inspection sample code table, find 500 of the range in the batch column (281 ~ 500), and then find the letter "H on the LEVEL bar".B, look-up table "standard test double sampling plan (summarytable)", found "H" line investigation, the first sampling sample number is "32", "Ac = 2, Re = 5"".C, were randomly selected from 32 big goods inspection, if unqualified number is less than or equal to 2, you can determine the number of clothing is acceptable, if the number of defective products is more than 5, you can determine the number of clothing is not acceptable. If the quantity of substandard products is between 2~5, then second sampling tests are needed.D, return to the "standard test with double sampling plan (table)", second times to check the sample number for 32, the cumulative number of samples is 64, (Ac = 6, Re = 7), Ac and Re also note here that the cumulative number of defects.E, still from the batch products from 32 parts inspection, if the first and second of the total number of defects is less than or equal to 6, you can determine the number of acceptable clothing, on the other hand, you can determine the number of clothing is not acceptable.1, AQL test ruler is widely used in foreign AQL test ruler. The visual design of the AQL ruler makes it very convenient to use. All the relevant data are grouped in order so that the sampling scheme can be seen at a glance. From AQL0.65 to AQL15, from ordinary sampling level to special sampling level, from strict inspection to loose test, from one sampling inspection to two sampling inspection, the inspection ruler covers all the contents of AQL test.2, AQL forms in practice, you can often use the AQL column intoa table, placed in the folder, do not work at work.3. The determination and counting of defects in the inspection, according to 1 pieces of clothing with serious defects, count the clothes with slight defects, count according to 0.5 pieces. The determination of defects varies with the user, varies from person to person, varies with style. Some customers do not distinguish between serious defects and slight defects, but think that as long as the defects are visible, they count, but in practice they also count the more obvious defects.。
抽样计划讲义
选别型抽样计划
通常的抽样计划对于不合格批皆判定为退货。但在选别型中规定，是 进行全数筛选，剔除不良品，再以良品补足而予以允收 此种方式在长期连续几批检验后，允收批的质量将比原先作业平均为 佳，并可保证验收批的平均质量。
调整型抽样计划
依据过去检验结果，若良好则减少检验样本（减量检验），反之则增 加样本或减少合格判定数（加严检验）
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抽样检验的型式
計數值抽樣 規準型 JIS Z9002 選別型
調整型 MIL-STD-105E
連續型
逐次型
單次
單次 雙次 雙次 計量值抽樣 規準型 多次
調整型 MIL-STD-414
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MIL-STD-1916
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适合抽样检验的条件
产量大、批量大，且系连续生产无法进行全数检验时
多次抽样形式 逐次抽样形式
每此只取1个样本进行检验，即判定该批示否允收；或应该继续抽 样，直到该批可以判断为合格或不合格。
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单次..多次抽样计划的优劣
项目 单次 双次 多次
对产品质量的保证
对供应者心理上的影响 总检验费用 差 多
几乎相同
中 中 好 少
训练、记录、抽样等行政费用
不良品v.s不合格品
在指定检验项目中有1个以上（含1个）之检验项目不符合规定时，称为 不合格品。 不合格品不堪使用成为废品时，称为不良品。
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基本名词
检验v.s检验方法
检验的意义是依照约定的“检验方法”进行试验、分析、测 定样本所规定之质量特性。 检验方法：有关执行检验的各项规定。诸如采样、分析步骤 等。