高考英语二轮专题复习 任务型阅读提分训练(含真题,含解析)新人教版(1)

任务型阅读(2013·江苏卷)Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness(认真尽责)—being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous(一丝不苟的)in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a k ey to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driver who is always on time.Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer(缓冲)a gainst the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are. Their reputation for dependability influences managers’evaluations of their work, giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Sinceconscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental when others don’t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity(自发性)are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however; without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.【文章大意】文章介绍认真尽责(conscientiousness)的特征、意义以及潜在的问题。

71.【解析】strict。

意义概括题。

根据第一段第一句中的self-disciplined(自律的)可知认真尽责的人对自己是严格的(strict)。

72.【解析】helpful。

意义概括题。

根据第一段第二句中的“...are concerned about thepeople they work with”(关心一起工作的同事)可知认真尽责的人乐于助人(helpful)。

73.【解析】Functions/ Roles/ Importance/ Significance。

框架概括题。

根据右边方框中的内容可以概括出这些内容主要涉及认真尽责的意义或作用。

74.【解析】running/ working/going/operating/functioning。

常识判断题。

认真尽责有助于一个组织顺利运转。

75.【解析】performance(s)。

原词重现题。

从第二段“It is particularly important foroutstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization.”可以找到原词performance。

76.【解析】fired/dismissed/jobless。

意义概括题。

从第三段“Conscientiousness alsooffers a buffer against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market”可知认真尽责的人不容易失业。

77.【解析】problems/troubles。

框架概括题。

根据原文中倒数第二段“Butconscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems”以及右边方框内的内容可知此处重点谈论认真尽责可能存在的问题。

78.【解析】higher/subjective/unfair/ unjust/prejudiced。

意义概括题。

根据文章倒数第三段“Their reputation for depend-ability influences managers’evaluations..., giving them higher evaluations than objective...”及subjective(主观的)/unfair/ unjust(不公平的)/prejudiced(偏见的)。

79.【解析】tense/damaged/poor/bad。

意义概括题。

根据文章倒数第二段“Factory workersin Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.”可知认真尽责的人可能和同事关系紧张。

80.【解析】discourage/ effect/ damage。

原词重现题。

根据最后一段第一句“Whenconscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity.”可以找到原词discourage。

此外,根据背景常识effect/ damage也有相近意义,因此也可作为答案。

(2013·安徽卷·任务型读写)Aristotle once wrote that“happiness is a state of activity”.In other words, whether you’re seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward. We’ve interviewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood(心情):Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported News week’s Sharon Begley on the findings,“The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable and satisfying relationships.”Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: all may increase a feeling of happiness, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants(参与者)followed the development of their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn.The editors of gave $5 or $20 to 46 strangers by chance. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves.There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spend it, that inspires the spirit.Studies from the Positive Psychology Center showed that discouraged people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved attitude.Drinking water really can help keep you cheerful. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration(脱水)affected the moods of its female participants.Title (76) for HappinessIntroduction You will move(77) in the course of finding happiness.The findings of(78) Some(79) toward happine ss·Value yourrelationships·The(80) happiness lies in the moststable and satisfying relationships. ·(81)yourself·You can gain happinessby singing aloud or talking to others.·Spend money on others ·Your spirit will beinspired by(82) the wealth.·(83) on the positive ·Your attitude would be improved when you fix your attention on good things.·Drink water ·If a woman takes in enough water, her(84)_____of happiness may remain.Conclusion Happiness can be found if all(85) have been done.【参考答案】76.Look(ing)/Search(ing)/Seek(ing)77.forward/ahead/on 78.experts/researchers79.steps/ways 80.greatest 81.Express82.sharing 83.Focus/Concentrate84.feeling/mood/sense 85.these/those（2013·湖南卷）Section A(10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.While there is no widely accepted definition of MOOC s, their key features are open access: they are c urrently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required, they support an unlimited number of participants and as yet, very few include any form of accreditation(认证).Currently offered by some famous universities, MOOCs are attractive to people who do not have the financial resources to meet the growing costs of university education, or who do not have formal qualifications. They also allow participants to study at their own pace.The potential for MOOCs to deliver education is obviously vast—they could be considered as a h uge step forwards in widening participation. They also have the potential to provide a unique window on universities that offer popular and valuablecourses, they may attract some participants to register for formal fee-paying programmes at the same or other universities and are likely to promote new ways of on-line education.However, it is still very early days for MOOCs. The quality of the education provision is highly variable, with many courses offering only recordings of lectures, and delivery is particularly difficult in some special fields that require practical classes, research projects or extensive library access. Besides, wider engagement with participants requires very considerable resource. Even limited feedback or examination becomes a maj or task if there are several thousand students in the class. Considering the challenges, some people argue MOOCs will soon evaporate(蒸发).But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education, are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands, and are well worthy of serious consideration. (271 words)71.【解析】MOOCs。