wfr第3章3节
英语泛读教程3第三版 课文翻译(Text1--1-7单元)
UNIT 1 创造性思维的艺术约翰·阿代尔创造性对人类发展至美重要。
下面的文章里，约翰·阿代尔为求实的创造性思维者提供了一些颇有见地的见解和技巧。
创造性思维在今天的重要性不需要强调。
在你的职业中或工作领域,如果你能够发展提出新思想的能力,你就有竞争优势。
在你的个人生活中，创造性思维也能将你带上创新活动之路。
它可以丰富你的人生,尽管并非总是以你期待的方式。
人类创造力人类不可能凭空创造东西。
有一次，一位来宾极为仔细地参观了亨利·福特的汽车公司，然后见到了福特。
来宾心中充满了惊奇和崇敬，他对这位实业家说:“福特先生，25年前起家时几乎一无所有的人，不可能实现这一切。
”福特回答说，“这个说法可不太对。
每个人都是靠所有拥有的东西来起家。
这里什么都有——所需要的一切,它们的基本点和实质性的东西都已存在。
”潜在的材料，也就是可以做成或建构成某种东西的元素之成分或者实质的材料，都已存在于我们的宇宙。
你可能已经注意到,我们倾向于将创造性这个词用在与使用的原材料很不一样的产品上。
鲁宾斯的一幅名作，就是蓝色、红色、黄色和绿色的蠕虫般颜料在艺术家画板上的集合。
物质材料，对艺术家来说是颜料和画布;对作家来说是纸和笔——完全是次要的。
这里的创造，更多的是在大脑之中。
感知、思想和感觉都在一种观念或想象中结合起来。
当然，艺术家、作家或作曲家还需要使用技巧和技术，在画布或纸上把头脑中构想出来的东西塑造成型。
和普通意义上的创造性一样，创造性思维遵循同样的原则。
我们的创造性想象必须有可以加工的对象。
我们不能凭空产生新的思想。
如上面福特所说的那样，原材料都在那里。
有创造力的大脑在原材料中看到可能性和相关性,而创造力不强的大脑却看不到。
这一结论让我们大大地松了一口气。
你不用凭空构想新的想法。
作为创造性思维者,你的任务是将已经存在的想法或元素组合在一起。
如果最终把人们从未想过可以联系起来的想法或事物，用看似不可能却很有价值的方式组合起来，那人们就会认为你是创造性思维者。
完整版)新概念英语第三册课文及详解第3课
完整版)新概念英语第三册课文及详解第3课In ancient times。
there was a goddess who was worshipped by the people of a small village。
She was known for her beauty and kindness。
and the XXX。
as time passed。
XXX。
One day。
a group of archaeologists XXX。
They were amazed by the beauty of the temple that had been built in her honor。
and they set out to learn more about her。
XXX historians。
but they could find no n of the goddess anywhere else。
It was as if she had been otten by the rest of the world。
XXX had created many beautiful works of art in her honor。
XXX the story of the goddess。
XXX and had provided them with a sense of community。
The archaeologists were amazed by the power of this otten goddess。
and they vowed to share her story with the world。
They created a museum dedicated to her and her people。
and they invited visitors from all over the world to come and learn aboutthis unknown goddess and the XXX。
裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记第三课课文讲解
裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记第三课课文讲解老猴子咬菜根学习交流Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored atemple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city wasequipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were foundbeneath the narrow streets.The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a placeof worship from the fifteenth century . until Roman times. In the mostsacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. Thebody of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenthcentury . It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifthcentury . This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddessturned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet highand her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed,but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.1. Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologistson the Aegean island of Kea. 不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。
仁爱英语 九年级上册unit 3 topic 2 课文翻译
仁爱英语九年级上册unit 3 topic 2 课文翻译Unit3Topic 2SectionA-1a（王俊峰和他的父母要去美国。
迈克尔和康康去给他们送行。
现在他们在去机场的路上。
）王俊峰：真不敢相信我就要飞往迪士尼了。
我太激动了。
康康：当然了。
（迈克尔看到一个陌生人拇指向上伸着手。
）迈克尔：麻烦停一下车！司机：怎么了？迈克尔：这个陌生人想让我们载他一程。
看他的动作。
（司机停下了面包车。
）外国人：打扰了，你们能带我去机场吗？司机：可以。
我们也要去机场。
上车吧。
外国人：非常感谢。
（二十分钟以后他们到了机场。
）康康：你的飞机是什么时候？王俊峰：五点。
我叔叔，明天来接我。
但我还是很担心我的英语。
康康：不用担心。
你可以买一本旅游指南，《美国之行》。
王俊峰：好主意。
希望我的交流不会有太大困难。
迈克尔：需要帮助的时候，就给我发邮件或者打电话。
王俊峰：谢谢你们。
我得走了。
拜！SectionB-1a（简在学校门口遇到了康康和由纪夫。
）简：嗨，康康，由纪夫！由纪夫：你好，简！康康：由纪夫，简说“嗨”的时候，她招了手，你说“你好”的时候，你是鞠的躬。
由纪夫：在日本，我们打招呼的时候会鞠躬，来表示对对方的尊敬。
简：在加拿大，我们招手来表示和平和友谊。
康康：我觉得那就是肢体语言。
即便安静的时候，我们也会用肢体语言来交流我们的感受。
由纪夫：你有没有注意到方老师高兴的时候就会笑，生气的时候就会把手放在身体两侧？那样我就会知道她是要表扬还是要惩罚我们。
简：我妹妹生气的时候就会双臂交叉跺着脚。
康康：我想知道肢体语言在所有文化中是不是同一个意思。
简：我们应该调查一下。
如果人们更加了解肢体语言，就能更好的沟通了。
由纪夫：我们问问方老师和琼斯老师，看她们会不会帮我们做调查。
简：好主意。
再见，康康。
再见，由纪夫。
康康和由纪夫：再见，简。
SectionC-1a有些东西在不同文化中有不同的含义。
这里有一些关于动物的词语，在中国文化和西方文化中用法不同。
新概念英语第三册精读笔记 Lesson 3
Lesson3 An unknown goddess无名女神课文Some time ago,an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean is land of Kea.An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on t he promontory of Ayia Irini.The city at one time must have been prosperous,for it en joyed a high level of civilization.Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of st one.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.The city was even equipped with a drainage system,for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C.until Roman times.In the most sacred room of the temple,clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these represented a godd ess and had,at one time,been painted.The body of one statue was found among rema ins dating from the fifteenth century B.C.Its missing head happened to be among rem ains of the fifth century B.C.This head must have been found in classical times and ca refully preserved.It was very old and precious even then.When the archaeologists rec onstructed the fragments,they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hi ps.She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed,but,so far,the archaeologists have been unable to disc over her identity.译文不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。
听力教程第三册答案UNIT3
Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3) poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4) pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6) forests, which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate -and on our agriculture and food (10) supplies -will be disastrous.(11) Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12) World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) international organization. It has raised over (16) £35 million for (17) conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (1 8) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger - to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three of my blouses. But they're not back yet. You see, we're leaving early tomorrow morning.Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper.Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothes I sent to the laundry this morning. They're not back yet and you see ...Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe. They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much.Sorry to trouble you. Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.This dialogue is about making an inquiry about the laundry.The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne.Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth. You know I was born in Lausanne*, Switzerland; my father was Swiss-French Swiss and my mother was American, so, of course, we spoke both languages at home and I grew up bilingual. Then, of course, I learnt German at school - in Switzerland that's normal. And because I was already fluent in English, my second language at school was Italian. So I had a real head start*!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt four languages by the time you left school? How fluent were you?Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, but I'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was only school standard. I decided the best option was to study in the UK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university, studying Spanish and Portuguese, with some Italian, and living in Manchester. Then I went to live in Brazil for two years, teaching English. Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages?Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became pretty good!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to an interpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nations when I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czech interpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987 and that was where I learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday, got a job and stayed for two years, which was when I learnt Japanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations?Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague -some in Prague, some in Austria and Switzerland, and I took a "sabbatical*" to work in Japan. They need people who can understand Japanese. But, yes, I've been back with them full-time for two years now.Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was such a challenge learning Japanese -it's so different from all the others. So I'll spend another two or three years here with the UN full-time, during which time I hope to get a substantial promotion, then I think I'll go back and learn Korean, or perhaps Chinese, and Thai - I'd love to learn Thai. And then, perhaps an Indian language. Whatever, I want to be fluent in another three or four languages before 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverSalmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul smells.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets.Running through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for more than a century by the fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a river that was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumn at 69 sites in the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in seven of the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to show they've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are pictured on its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system in recent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated* water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, the Clyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the IndustrialRevolution that began in the late 1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation* and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.(Refer to Typescript)Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item1NATO ExpansionSeven countries are expected to become members of the Transatlantic Alliance at the Prague Summit: Bulgaria*, Estonia*, Latvia*, Lithuania*, Romania, Slovakia* and Slovenia*. For most people in these countries, formally joining the West represents the fulfillment of lifelong dreams. Eastward expansion is not the only issue to be discussed at the Prague Summit. Many people believe the political and military alliance, created after World War II to provide a collective security system for the ten West European countries and the United States and Canada, lost its purpose with the collapse of the Soviet Union - for many years its only threat.NATO expansion and its post-Cold War role have been the subject of endless debate on both sides of the Atlantic, especially after the terrorist attacks on the United States.A possible war in Iraq is also high on the Prague agenda. Critics in the United States note few of the current candidates for membership have military forces that can contribute significantly to the new form of conflict. Some observers cite the importance of even minimal contributions, such as participating in NATO border defense, surveillance* or peace-keeping operations. Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the NATO eastward expansion and its military contribution.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.At the Prague Summit many people believe the political and military alliance, created after World War II to provide a collective security system for the ten West European countries and the United States and Canada, lost its purpose with the collapse of the Soviet Union - for many years its only threat.Another item on the Prague agenda is a possible war in Iraq. Critics in the United States note that the new comers have no military forces that can /contribute significantly to the new form of conflict. Some observers cite the importance of even minimal contributions, such as participating in NATO border defense. surveillance or peace-keeping operations.News Item2NATO SummitOne month and one day before the Prague summit, President Bush met with the NATO Secretary General George Robertson and praised the alliance. At the time, Mr. Robertson described the Prague meeting as "a transformational summit", perhaps the most important in the history of the alliance.It is a transformation that began with the end of the Cold War, and gained momentum with the September 11th terrorist attacks on the United States.Just days after hijacked planes rammed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, NATO voted to invoke its charter and help defend the United States. The Bush administration thanked the alliance, asked for NATO help with surveillance flights over the east coast, and then proceeded to launch a war on terrorism outside the structure of the alliance.At the Prague meeting -the first NATO summit since the terrorist attacks on America -the alliance will take up the creation of a rapid deployment force which could be deployed outside Europe. Members will be asked to commit units with specialty skills that can be used in unique situations such as forces trained in dealing with chemical weapons or the special challenges of fighting in rugged* mountains.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about NATO's Prague Summit and its help to the USA.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.One month and one day before the Prague summit, President Bush met with the NATO Secretary General.When meeting with President Bush, the NATO Secretary General described the Prague summit as "a transformational summit", perhaps the most important in the history of the alliance. Because just days after September 11 th terrorist attacks, NATO voted to invoke its charter and help defend the United States.They are the skills that can deal with chemical weapons or fight in rugged mountains and the like. News Item3Putin-Bush SummitPresidents Bush and Putin ended their talks with a joint statement in which they said Iraq must comply with UN demands to disarm or face major consequences.They stressed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein must comply fully and unconditionally with the latest Security Council disarmament resolution, and they expressed concern about the proliferation* of weapons of mass destruction.Russia backed the UN resolution as one of the five permanent members of the Security Council. But Moscow does not support the use of force against Iraq.At the end of their meeting in an 18th-century castle near the St. Petersburg airport, Mr. Putin said he still hopes diplomatic pressure will produce results. And he urged President Bush to continue to work through the UN.Their statement on Iraq bears a striking resemblance to the language approved by the 19 NATO member countries at the Prague summit. Mr. Bush told reporters that it is important to assure Russia that it has nothing to fear from NATO expansion.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the talks between the US president and the Russian president. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. .F 2. T 3. T 4.F 5. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportBush’s Arrival in EuropeAir Force One touched down on a cool, rainy summer's night at a military base outside London. Mr. Bush said nothing to reporters during the more than seven-hour flight from Washington, and he left the air base without making any remarks.But before he left the White House, the president said he will stand firm on his positions on global warming and missile defense. They are issues that have divided America and its European allies. And the prospects for a quick resolution are as gloomy as the skies that greeted his arrival on European soil.These are issues sure to be discussed at length on the sidelines of the Genoa* summit meeting. The leaders of the world's seven largest industrialized countries plus Russia have put the plight* of the world's poorest nations at the top of their formal agenda. But no one expects to avoid the controversiesGenerated by President Bush's opposition to the Kyoto* climate treaty, and his plan to develop a missile defense system. iIn an interview with foreign journalists prior to his departure for London, Mr. Bush talked about the dispute over the Kyoto protocol. He said some leaders have been more sympathetic to his view than others. And he said he will seek to reassure critics that the United States is seeking viable* alternatives to the agreement, which calls for mandatory* controls on emissions of certain gases, such as carbon dioxide.His talks Thursday with British Prime Minister Tony Blair could provide a clue of what lies ahead. The two will meet at Chequers, Mr. Blair's official residence in the British countryside. Aspokesman for the Prime Minister indicates on global warming and missile defense the two leaders may simply agree to disagree.It will be a serene* spot for a meeting. All indications at the reception awaiting the G-8 summit participants in Genoa will be quite the opposite.About a hundred thousand protestors are expected and elaborate security measures are in place in the Italian port city. President Bush says he can't quite understand what motivates the demonstrators. In his interview with foreign reporters, he said their aggressive protest tactics do more harm than good. He added their anti-trade stance* would lock people into* poverty. Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about the attitudes of President Bush and the US government towards the issues of global warming and missile defense.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.Mr. Bush arrived in London for a short visit before the G-8 summit in Genoa.But before he left the White House, the president said he will stand firm on his positions on global warming and missile defense, the issues that have divided America and its European allies and are sure to be discussed at length at the Genoa summit meeting.The leaders of the world's seven largest industrialized countries plus Russia have put the plight of the world's poorest nations at the top of their formal agenda. But no one expects to avoid the controversies generated by President Bush's opposition to the Kyoto climate treaty; and his plan to develop a missile defense system.Mr. Bush defended his stance by saying that the United States is seeking viable alternatives to the agreement, which calls for mandatory controls on emissions of certain gases, such as carbon dioxide.About a hundred thousand protestors are expected and elaborate security measures are in place in the Italian port city.Part 2 PassageCorn PlasticsThe sugar is fermented and distilled to extract the carbon, a basic building block for commercial-grade plastics and fibers.Perhaps the greatest appeal of corn plastics is their green credentials. They go back to nature in 40 days.The biggest demand for corn plastics has been outside the United States, where packing components are developed for many products exported to America.Corn-based plates are about 5 percent more expensive than traditional plastic, and the cups can be 25 percent more costly.5) A billion pounds of PLA can be harvested annually within a decade, which would mean 10 percent of America’s corn supply would be into plastics and fiber.sCorn plastic are being developed by Cargill Dpw LLC at its plant outside Blair,where refined corn suger is converted into a substance called polyactide or PLA . . The sugar is fermented* and distilled* to extract the carbon, a basic building block for commercial-grade plastics and fibers. PLA, in pellets* the size of 0.46 centimeters in diameter, is being pressed into packaging for food, plastic wrap, foam and dinner ware. It is spun into fabrics at plants in North Carolina, Hong Kongand several cities in Japan, and marketed under the Ingeo* brand of clothing and blankets. Cargill Dow, a joint venture between privately held food giant Cargill Inc. and Dow Chemical Co., says Ingeo means "ingredients from the Earth".DuPont Co. is in the early stages of developing a similar product, but it still includes some petroleum. The company is part of a consortium* that received US$19 million from the US Department of Energy to develop a way to turn stocks, stems and leaves into a polymer* from which plastic can be made.Perhaps the greatest appeal of plastics is their green credentials. It takes about a month for plastic bags made from to degrade in a compost. A similar oil-based plastic bag could take centuries to decompose.Coca~Cola Co. used 500,000 cups made from plastics at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City last year. Instead of creating a large trash problem, used cups were simply composted and quickly turned into dirt."The product performed beautifully. They go back to nature in 40 days," said Frederic Scheer, president of Los Angeles-based Biocorp North America, which supplied the cups.The biggest demand for plastics has been outside the United States, including China's Taiwan island, where packing components are developed for many products exported to America. Taiwan bans petroleum-based plastic shopping bags and disposable plastic tableware. Electronics giant Sony Corp was involved in the early development of plastics and has wrapped its mini discs in a -based film made by Cargill Dow for two years. Cargill Dow also reached an agreement with Taiwan-based Wei Mon Industry to distribute -plastic packaging materials.IPER, one of Italy's largest supermarket chains, has been working with the natural-based packaging from Cargill Dow for nearly a year for film containers and heat-sealable film overlays. The -based plastic is more costly now. Biocorp North America*'s -based plates are about 5 percent more expensive than traditional plastic, and the cups can be 25 percent more costly. But Scheer said the price will decline as production goes up with demand - which he expects to see within five years. That could amount to a highly productive and new use of America's supply, which is so abundant that it is widely converted into -based sweeteners and animal feed.Cargill Dow believes a billion pounds of PLA can be harvested annually within a decade. That would mean 10 percent of America's supply would be converted into plastics and fibers. Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionCom starch is used primarily as a thickener. Sweeteners generated in the -refining process are used as sugar substitutes. Refined oil is used as cooking oil and producers of margarine, salad dressings, shortening, mayonnaise and other foods. The second major refined corn product is ethanol, which is gaining increasing acceptance as a cleaner burning option for motor fuels. The latest development in this field is the making of corn-based bio-chemical products like corn plastic and fiber.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.Corn plastics are being developed by Cargill Dow LLC at its plant outside Blair.The substance is called polylactide or PLA."Ingeo" is a brand of plastic fabrics made from corn sugar and it means "ingredients from the Earth".It takes about a month for plastic bags made from corn to degrade in a compost. A similar oil-based plastic bag could take centuries to decompose.Coca-Cola Co. used 500,000 cups made from corn plastics at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.Many corn-plastic products are mentioned, such as cups and plates, shopping bags, packing components and packaging materials, film containers and heat-sealable film overlays. Probably because the production is still low now and the price will decline as production goes up with demand - possibly within five years.Cargill Dow believes a billion pounds of PLA can be harvested annually within a decade. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions..Frederic Scheer said the price will decline as production goes up with demand - which he expects to see within five years. That could amount to a highly productive and new use of America's corn supply, which is so abundant that it is widely converted into corn-based sweeteners and animal feed.(Open)。
直流锅炉汽温控制ppt课件
病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能 ，破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性， 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖，引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
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高中英语 Unit 3 Fairness for all Section Ⅲ Learning
Section ⅢLearning about Language (教材P26)...a black man who is accused of a crime he didn't commit．……一个被指控他没有犯罪行的黑人。
(1)accuse vt.谴责；控告As long as you do what you can, no one will accuse you even if you fail it in the future.只要你尽力而为，即使将来失败也没有人会指责你。
I mustered up enough courage to accuse him.我鼓起足够的勇气控告他。
她用责备的目光盯着他。
How dare you accuse me of lying!你怎敢谴责我说谎！blame/accuse/charge①We all ________ him of immoral behavior against her.②Don't ________ him for breaking that vase；after all，he is a child.③He ________ the minister with lying about the present economy at the meeting.【答案】①accused②blame③charged(2)commit vt.犯罪；做(不合法的或错的事)；承诺The novelist made his heroine commit suicide at the end of the book.那位小说家在书的结尾让女主人公自杀了。
他拒不做出任何承诺。
完成句子④他保证按时付房租。
He made a ________ to pay the rent on time.⑤他没有做任何承诺。
He didn't ____________ anything.【答案】④commitment⑤commit himself to英语时态时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，同学们在实际应用中，往往对时态问题倍感棘手，下面我们就八种时态以列表的形式做一归纳比较。
九年级英语上册unit3Topic 3知识点汇总仁爱版
九年级英语上册unit3Tpi 3知识点汇总仁爱版九年级英语上册unit3Tpi3知识点汇总仁爱版Unit3Tpi3使别人理解你aeurselfunderstd陷入困境，很尴尬getinttruble和某人会谈havenversatinsithsb在……努力，致力于rhardat…同意某人的看法agreeithsb英语口语ral/spenEnglish公开地公然地在公共场合inpubli犯困feelsleep担心期末考试beafraidfthefinaltest有时atties=seties=neinahile向某人求助assbfrhelp=turntsbfrhelp想要做某事feelliedingsth=anttdsth=uldlietdsth 放弃giveup写日记eepadiar请再说一遍Ibegurpardn给某人一些关于…建议givesbseadvie建议某人做某事advisesbtdsth在……方面很差/弱beeain担心犯错beafraidfaingistaes理解文大意gettheainideaftheartile深呼吸taeadeepbreath正确发音gettheprnuniatinright做听力训练dselisteningpratie做……最佳时间thebesttietdsth开班会hldalasseeting和某人分享…sharesthithsb谢谢你的倾听Thanufr（ur）listening 做某事感到荣幸It’sanhnrtdsth尽可能经常asftenaspssible就这些That’sall记住去做某事reebertdsth记住做过某事reeberdingsth坚持做某事stitdingsth/eepndingsth起初atfirst嘲笑某人laughatsb造（完整的）句子aesentenes为了做某事inrdertdsth/sthat+句子逐渐意识到etrealize最后，但同样重要的Lastbutntleasth-+tdh-是指hen,here,hih,h及h等连接词，它们和动词不定式连用，即为h-+td结构。
复仇者联盟3无限战争中英对照剧本
复仇者联盟3无限战争中英对照剧本这是阿斯加德This is the Asgardian难民船领袖号refugee vessel Statesman.我们受到了攻击We are under assault.重复我们受到了攻击I repeat, we are under assault.引擎受损生命保障系统失灵The engines are dead, life support failing.请求范围内任何船只的支援Requesting aid from any vessel within range.我们目前位于距阿斯加德跳跃点的位置We are jump points out of Asgard. 我们的船员都是阿斯加德平民Our crew is made up of Asgardian families.我们的士兵寥寥无几We have very few soldiers here.这不是战舰This is not a warcraft.重复这不是战舰I repeat, this is not a warcraft.听我说你们该感到欣喜Hear me and rejoice.伟大的泰坦拯救了你们You have had the privilege这是无上的光荣of being saved by the Great Titan.你们可能认为这是痛苦吧You may think this is suffering.不No.这是救赎It is salvation.万物的天平Universal scales tip toward balance因为你们的牺牲而走向平衡because of your sacrifice.微笑吧Smile.即使面对死亡For even in death,你们仍是灭霸的子民you have become Children of Thanos.我知道失败的滋味I know what it's like to lose.尽管绝望地认为自己能赢To feel so desperately that you're right...却还是输了yet to fail, nonetheless.当恐惧It's frightening.使你两腿发软Turns the legs to jelly.我问你什么是最后的结局But I ask you, to what end?害怕或是逃避Dread it, run from it...命运终会到来destiny arrives all the same.就在现在就在这里And now, it's here.或者我应该说Or should I say...我就是命运I am.你话太多了You talk too much.要宇宙魔方The Tesseract.还是你哥哥的命Or your brother's head.我猜你已经有了主意吧？I assume you have a preference.是的Oh, I do.动手吧Kill away.够了停下！All right, stop!宇宙魔方没在我们手上We don't have the Tesseract.它与阿斯加德一起毁灭了It was destroyed on Asgard.我怎么会有你这样的弟弟You really are the worst brother.我向你保证哥哥I assure you, brother...我们会没事的the sun will shine on us again.你真是盲目乐观阿斯加德人Your optimism is misplaced, Asgardian.好吧第一点我不是阿斯加德人Well, for one thing, I'm not Asgardian.其次...And for another...我们有浩克we have a Hulk.让他找点乐子吧Let him have his fun.众神之父们Allfathers...让黑暗魔法最后再赐我一次let the dark magic flow through me one last...力量吧time.你不该这样做That was a mistake.不！No!你会为此偿命的！You're going to die for that.我等卑微的子民们My humble personage...将臣服于您的伟大bows before your grandeur.从来没有人有如此达能No other being has ever had the might...以及这等高贵nay, the nobility...能掌控无限宝石而且还是两个to wield not one, but two Infinity Stones.整个宇宙都在您的掌握之中The universe lies within your grasp.还有两枚宝石在地球上There are two more stones on Earth.找到它们我的孩子们把它们给我带回泰坦星Find them, my children, and bring them to me on Titan.我们不会让您失望的父亲Father, we will not fail you.请让我插句话If I might interject.如果你们要去地球最好带上一个向导If you're going to Earth, you might want a guide.对于那里我可以说是很有经验的I do have a bit of experience in that arena.你说的是失败的经验吧If you consider failure experience.失败是成功之母I consider experience experience.无上的灭霸啊Almighty Thanos...我洛基阿斯加德的王子I, Loki, prince of Asgard...奥丁之子Odinson...尤顿海姆的正统之王the rightful king of Jotunheim...诡计之神god of mischief...在此向你投诚do hereby pledge to you...且永不背叛my undying fidelity.永不背叛吗？Undying?你用词应该更小心一点You should choose your words more carefully.你...You...永远不会成为...will never be...一个真正的神a god.不No!这次不会再有什么假死的把戏了No resurrections this time.不洛基No. Loki.你不是说笑吧？你一分钱都没有？Seriously, you don't have any money?对物质的需求会背离对精神的追求Attachment to the material is detachment from the spiritual.那我跟熟食店的伙计说说I'll tell the guys at the deli.也许他们能给你做个精神火腿面包Maybe they'll make you a metaphysical ham on rye.等等我觉得我有Oh. Wait, wait, wait. I think I have .美元？Dollars?卢布也就是？Rupees. Which is?.美元吧Uh, buck and a half.你想吃点什么What do you want?给我弄个吞拿鱼三明治就行I wouldn't say no to a tuna melt.灭霸要来了Thanos is coming.我们得赶快...He's coming.谁？Who?慢点儿慢点儿我来说说清楚Slow down, slow down. I'll spell it out for you.你在胡说八道什么呢You're totally rambling.我没有你把我弄糊涂了No, I'm not. You lost me.你知道自己在梦里Look, you know how you're having a dream,想上厕所的感觉吧and in the dream you gotta pee.当然Yeah. Okay.好然后你就会发现哦不And then you're like, "Oh, my God.这儿没卫生间我该怎么办？"There's no bathrooms. What am I gonna do?噢！有人看着！对"Oh, someone's watching." Right.噢我要尿在裤子里了"Oh, I'm gonna go in my pants."然后你就醒了And then you wake up and in real life而现实中你真的想上厕所you actually have to pee.没错对吧Yes. Yeah.每个人都会这样Okay. Everybody has that.是的这就是我想说的点Right, that's the point I'm trying to make.昨天晚上我梦见咱们有了一个孩子Apropos of that, last night I dreamt we had a kid.特别真实It was so real.咱们还给用了你那个古怪叔叔的名字给他取了个名We named him after your eccentric uncle. 他叫什么来着？Uh, what was his name?摩根对Right. Morgan! Morgan.所以你醒来是的So you woke up... Naturally.认为咱们......and thought that we were...会有对Expecting. Yeah.有吗？没有Yes? No.我都梦到了那么真实I had a dream about it. It was so real.如果你真的想要一个孩子If you wanted to have a kid...你就不会一直戴着它you wouldn't have done that.我很高兴你提到这事这没什么I'm glad you brought this up, 'cause it's nothing.只是个装纳米零件的壳子而已It's just a housing unit for nanoparticles.它对你没什么帮助You're not helping your case, okay?这个是可以拆下来的而不是...No, this is detachable. It's not a...你不需要它You don't need that.我知道我动过手术了I know, I had the surgery.我只是想保护我们I'm just trying to protect us...我们的未来仅此而已and future usses and that's it.万一衣柜里有个怪物呢Just in case there's a monster in the closet.而不是你明白我的意思你是想说衬衫Instead of, you know... Shirts.你太了解我了You know me so well.你把我想说的都说完了God. You finish all my sentences.你的衣柜里应该要有衬衫You should have shirts in your closet.是的Yeah.其实你知道那里面应该有什么吗？平静的生活You know what there should be? No more surprises.我们今晚要好好吃一顿We're gonna have a nice dinner tonight.炫耀一下这颗钻石戒指对吧Show off this Harry Winston.不会再有别的事打扰我们了再也不会了Right? And we should have no more surprises. Ever. 我向你保证I should promise you.是的我保证Yes. I will.谢谢你Thank you.托尼·史塔克Tony Stark.我是史蒂芬·斯特兰奇博士我需要你跟我走一趟I'm Doctor Stephen Strange. I need you to come with me.哦顺便恭喜你们结婚Oh, uh, congratulations on the wedding, by the way.抱歉你是卖票的还是什么?I'm sorry, you giving out tickets to something?我们需要你的帮助We need your help.听着毫不夸张地说It's not overselling it to say that宇宙真的岌岌可危了the fate of the universe is at stake.“我们”是指谁？And who's "we"?嗨托尼Hey, Tony.布鲁斯!Bruce.小辣椒你好Pepper. Hi.你还好吗?Oh. You okay?宇宙刚诞生的时候At the dawn of the universe,只是一片虚无然后there was nothing. Then...砰！Boom.宇宙大爆炸带来了六种元素宝石The Big Bang sent six elemental crystals...在原始的宇宙中穿行hurtling across the virgin universe.每个无限宝石These Infinity Stones都控制着一种宇宙本源属性each control an essential aspect of existence.空间Space.现实Reality.力量Power.灵魂Soul.心灵Mind.还有时间And Time.再说一遍他的名字Tell me his name again.灭霸Thanos.他是一场灾难托尼He's a plague, Tony.他侵略其他星球予取予求He invades planets. He takes what he wants.他杀死一半的生灵He wipes out half the population.他还派来了洛基He sent Loki.纽约的那场袭击就是他干的The attack on New York, that's him.完蛋了This is it.我们还有多少时间？What's our timeline?不知道他已经得到了力量和空间宝石No telling. He has the Power and Space Stones.这已经让他成为了That already makes him宇宙中最强的生命体the strongest creature in the whole universe.如果他拿到了所有的六块宝石托尼If he gets his hands on all six stones, Tony...到那时候会有多少人因此而送命He could destroy life就很难说了on a scale hitherto undreamt of.你居然也会有说不准的时候？Did you seriously just say "hitherto undreamt of"?你竟然靠在我的“万物之鼎”上？Are you seriously leaning on the Cauldron of the Cosmos?这就是那个吗？Is that what it is?我觉得靠一下没问题I'm going to allow that.如果灭霸需要集齐六个If Thanos needs all six, why don't we just我们为什么不干脆把这一颗毁掉算了？stick this one down a garbage disposal?不行No can do.我们发过誓要用生命保护时间宝石We swore an oath to protect the Time Stone with our lives.我也发过誓再也不吃乳制品And I swore off dairy...但是班杰瑞家以我的名字命名了一种冰淇淋所以...but then Ben & Jerry's named a flavor after me.斯塔克狂热榛子味听起来不错Stark Raving Hazelnuts. Not bad.听起来有点干巴巴A bit chalky.我们最喜欢的是大块浩克热巧克力A Hunk of Hulk of Burning Fudge is our favorite.这能吃？总之That's a thing? Whatever.重点是万物都可以变Point is, things change.但我们保护时间宝石的誓言不能变Our oath to protect the Time Stone cannot change.这颗宝石也许是我们对抗灭霸最好的机会And this stone may be the best chance we have against Thanos.相对而言Yeah, so conversely,这也是他对付我们的最好工具it may also be his best chance against us.除非我们没能尽到职责Well, if we don't do our jobs.那你的职责是什么What is your job exactly?捏气球娃娃的吗？Besides making balloon animals.保护你生活的世界混蛋Protecting your reality, douchebag.好了伙计们能把这个话题先放一放吗？Okay, guys. Could we table this discussion right now? 情况是宝石在我们手上The fact is we have this stone.我们知道它在哪We know where it is.幻视戴着心灵宝石藏在某处Vision is out there somewhere with the Mind Stone...我们得马上找到他and we have to find him now.对这有点麻烦Yeah, that's the thing.你指的是？What do you mean?两周前幻视关掉了他的联络器Two weeks ago, Vision turned off his transponder.他下线了He's offline.什么？What? Yeah.托尼你又弄丢了一个超级机器人？Tony, you lost another super-bot?我没有弄丢他他丢不了的他会进化的I didn't lose him. He's more than that. He's evolving.那谁能找到幻视？Who could find Vision then?糟了Shit.也许史蒂芬·罗杰斯可以Probably Steve Rogers.哦太好了Oh, great.可能吧Maybe.但是...But...打给他啊Call him.没那么容易It's not that easy.天呐你没有明白我的意思吗？God, we haven't caught up in a spell, have we?没有No.复仇者联盟解散了我们已经散伙了The Avengers broke up. We're toast.解散？Broke up?像乐队那样？披头士？Like a band? Like... Like the Beatles?队长和我闹翻了Cap and I fell out hard.我们都不理对方了We're not on speaking terms.托尼听我说Tony, listen to me.索尔死了Thor's gone.灭霸来了Thanos is coming.你的个人恩怨已经不重要了It doesn't matter who you're talking to or not.翻盖手机Flip phone.博士你没有在用Say, Doc, you wouldn't happen to be魔法移动你的头发吧？moving your hair, would ya?没有至少现在没有Not at the moment, no.你还好吗？You okay?帮他一把班纳Help him! Banner!王动作快点好的Wong! Look alive! Go, go! We got it!星期五发生了什么？Friday, what am I looking at?不清楚我正在调查Not sure. I'm working on it.你最好还是把你Hey! You might wanna put that Time Stone那块时间宝石藏好博士in your back pocket, Doc!说不定用得上呢Might wanna use it.内德我要你引开他们的注意力Ned, hey. I need you to cause a distraction.见鬼！Holy shit.我们要完蛋了！We're all gonna die!那有一艘飞船！There's a spaceship!什么情况我的天What's going on? Oh, my God!你们这帮孩子怎么回事？What's the matter with you kids?没见过宇宙飞船吗？You never seen a spaceship before?星期五疏散号街南部的人Friday, evac anyone south of rd Street.通知应急部门Notify first responders.好的Will do.听我说你们该感到欣喜Hear me and rejoice.你们将死于You are about to die灭霸儿女之手at the hands of the Children of Thanos.要心怀感恩Be thankful...你们无意义的生命能贡献于...that your meaningless lives are now contributing...对不起地球今天打烊了I'm sorry, Earth is closed today.你们最好收拾行李离开这里You better pack it up and get outta here.宝石守护者Stonekeeper.这只唠叨的动物是你的代言人吗？Does this chattering animal speak for you?当然不是我自己能说Certainly not. I speak for myself.严禁擅闯这个城市和这个星球You're trespassing in this city and on this planet.你该滚了章鱼哥He means get lost, Squidward.他们真是烦人He exhausts me.把宝石给我拿过来Bring me the stone.班纳你不想上吗？Banner, you want a piece?不不想Mmm, no, not really.但从来就由不得我说But when do I ever get what I want?这就对了That's right.好久不见了It's been a while.兄弟你回来真好It's gonna be good to have you, buddy.我只是我需要集中精力一会Let me just... I need to concentrate here for a second.快来快来快出来啊大块头Come on, come on, man.我的天God!他怎么还不出来？Where's your guy?我不知道我可能得和他谈谈了I don't know. We've sorta been having a thing.没时间让你俩谈了It's no time for a thing. I know.这可是当务之急啊快变身That's the thing right there. Let's go.兄弟你可让我在这俩法师面前丢脸了Dude, you're embarrassing me in front of the wizards. 托尼对不起要么是我不能... 要么是他不想...Tony, I'm sorry. Either I can't or he won't.没事It's okay.退后留个心眼谢谢你Hey, stand down. Keep an eye on him. Thank you.交给我吧I have him. Damn it.这玩意哪来的？Where'd that come from?-这叫纳米科技It's nanotech.厉害吧有一点...You like it? A little something I...班纳博士如果你的绿朋友Doctor Banner, if the rest of your green friend不能参战...won't be joining us...你得把宝石带离战场快点Gotta get that stone outta here, now.我必须随身携带宝石It stays with me.好的再见！Exactly. Bye.托尼你还好吗？Tony, you okay?打得怎样？好还是不好？How we doing? Good? Bad? Really, really good.很好你真的不打算来帮忙吗？Really good. Do you plan on helping out?我尽力了他就是不想出来I'm trying. He won't come out.小心Hammer.快点浩克你在搞什么鬼？Come on, Hulk! What are you doing to me?出来！出来！快出来！Come out! Come out! Come out!不！No!你说不是什么意思？What do you mean, "no"?嘿史塔克先生这是怎么了？Hey, man. What's up, Mr. Stark?孩子你从哪过来的？我之前正在去现代艺术博物馆参观的路上Kid, where'd you come from? A field trip to MoMA.史塔克先生这个怪物怎么了？Uh, what is this guy's problem, Mr. Stark?他是从外太空来的Uh, he's from space.想偷走一个法师的项链He came here to steal a necklace from a wizard.你的魔法很有趣Your powers are quaint.你一定很受孩子们的欢迎吧You must be popular with children.这个咒语很简单又很难被破解It's a simple spell but quite unbreakable.那我就先把你变成尸体Then I'll take it off your corpse.你会发现...解除...死人的咒语...更难You'll find removing a dead man's spell troublesome.你只会生不如死的You'll only wish you were dead.不！No!孩子那个就是法师追上他Kid, that's the wizard. Get on it.好的！On it!这可不好玩Not cool.抓住你了Gotcha!慢着Wait!史塔克先生我要被吸走了Uh, Mr. Stark, I'm being beamed up.坚持住孩子Hang on, kid.王你一定要来参加我的婚礼Wong, you're invited to my wedding.星期五给我来点猛的Give me a little juice, Friday.释放-A装甲Unlock :A.孩子你得放手了我会接住你的Pete, you gotta let go. I'm gonna catch you.但是你说了要救那个法师！But you said save the wizard!我不能呼吸了！I can't breathe.你飞的太高了马上就要缺氧了We're too high up. You're running out of air.说的有道理Yeah. That makes sense.史塔克先生这玩意儿闻起来像一辆新车啊Mr. Stark, it smells like a new car in here!孩子旅途愉快Happy trails, kid.星期五送他回家好的Friday, send him home. Yep.哦不要啊！Oh, come on!老板波兹小姐来电Boss, incoming call from Miss Potts.托尼我的天Tony? Oh, my God.你还好吗？发生了什么？Are you all right? What's going on?我没事不过Yeah, I'm fine. I just think八点半的晚餐可能要推迟了we might have to push our : res.为什么？Why?因为我得晚点Just 'cause I'll probably才能回去not make it back for a while.别告诉我你在那艘船上Tell me you're not on that ship.是的Yeah.天啊不告诉我你不在那艘船上God, no, please tell me you're not on the ship.亲爱的我很抱歉Honey, I'm sorry.我很抱歉我不知道怎么解释I'm sorry, I don't know what to say.快回来托尼求你了e back here, Tony. I swear to God.小辣椒... 回来吧！Pep. Come back here right now.快回来吧Come back.老板收不到她的信号了Boss, we're losing her.我的信号也要...I'm going too.我的天啊Oh, my God!我真该待在那辆公交上I shoulda stayed on the bus.你要去哪？Where you going?时间宝石被夺走了The Time Stone's been taken.圣所现在没人守护The Sanctum remains unguarded.你打算去做什么？What will you do?我要打个电话I'm gonna make a call.跟着唱啊德拉克斯！Sing it, Drax!我们怎么又在赶路了？Why are we doing this again?那可是个求救信号火箭It's a distress signal, Rocket.可能有人员伤亡Someone could be dying.我知道但是我们为什么要去？I get that, but why are we doing it?因为我们是好人'Cause we're nice.也许他们会给我们点And maybe whoever it is好处作为报酬呢will give us a little cheddar cheese for our effort.这不是重点这不是重点...我的重点是...Which isn't the point. Which isn't the point.如果他不懂得感恩的话...I mean, if he doesn't pony up...我们就抢走他的船We take his ship.是的没错！完全正确！Exactly! Bingo!好了All right!我们就要到了We are arriving.好的队员们All right, Guardians,别忘了这趟可能有点危险don't forget this might be dangerous...我们得装得凶一点so let's put on our mean faces.格鲁特别玩儿那东西了快点Groot, put that thing away, now.我不想说第二遍I don't wanna tell you again.格鲁特Groot.我是格鲁特！I am Groot!哦！嘴巴干净点Whoa! Language!哇哦Hey! Wow.小子这笔账我记住了You got some acorns on you, kid.拿到那个烂游戏机之后Ever since you got a little sap,你就变成了一个混球you're a total d-hole.你再玩我就把那破玩意给你砸了！Now, keep it up, and I'm gonna smash that thing to pieces.发生了什么？What happened?哦我的天啊Oh, my God.看来我们拿不到报酬了Looks like we're not getting paid.雨刷！开雨刷！Wipers! Wipers!把这玩意弄掉Get it off.这哥们居然还能活着？How the hell is this dude still alive?他可不是个哥们He is not a dude.你才是个哥们You're a dude.这是个纯爷们儿This... This is a man.英俊帅气肌肉发达的纯爷们A handsome, muscular man.我也一身肌肉啊I'm muscular.你逗谁呢？奎尔But who are you kidding, Quill?你离肥胖只差一个三明治了You're one sandwich away from fat.好吧Yeah, right.是的你的确有点胖...It's true, Quill. You have put on weight.什么？What?卡魔拉你也觉得我...Gamora, do you think I'm...他很紧张愤怒He is anxious, angry.他感到十分内疚自责He feels tremendous loss and guilt.就像海盗跟天使生了个小孩It's like a pirate had a baby with an angel.哇哦Wow.你们真的点醒了我好的This is a real wake-up call for me. Okay.我得买套健身器材我要锻炼I'm gonna get a Bowflex. I'm gonna commit.我要去弄几个哑铃I'm gonna get some dumbbells.你知道哑铃是不能吃的对吧？You know you can't eat dumbbells, right?他的肌肉摸起来It's like his muscles像是金属做成的are made of Cotati metal fibers.别再按摩他的肌肉了Stop massaging his muscles.把他弄醒Wake him up.醒吧Wake.你们都是谁？Who the hell are you guys?自从我认识灭霸开始他就只有一个目标The entire time I knew Thanos, he only ever had one goal.通过抹除一半的生命To bring balance to the universe来维持宇宙的平衡by wiping out half of all life.他原来在各个星球之间屠戮He used to kill people planet by planet,进行一次又一次的大屠杀massacre by massacre.包括我的家乡Including my own.如果他得到了所有六块无限宝石If he gets all six Infinity Stones...他打一个响指就能达成目的像这样he can do it with the snap of his fingers like this.看起来你很了解灭霸You seem to know a great deal about Thanos.卡魔拉...是灭霸的女儿Gamora is the daughter of Thanos.你爸爸杀了我弟弟Your father killed my brother.哦伙计Oh, boy.是养父严格来说Stepfather, technically.她和你一样痛恨灭霸And she hates him as much as you do.家家有本难念的经Families can be tough.我父亲死之前告诉我Before my father died,我有一个同父异母的姐姐he told me that I had a half-sister...被他封印在地狱里that he imprisoned in Hel.她回家后戳瞎了我的眼睛And then she returned home and stabbed me in the eye.我不得已把她杀了So I had to kill her.生活就是如此That's life though, isn't it, I guess.不是你死就是我活Goes round and round and...我理解你的痛苦I feel your pain.我也理解你们的痛苦I feel your pain as well, because...我不是要跟你比什么I mean, it's not a competition,但是我也经历过蛮多的but I've been through a lot.我爸杀了我妈My father killed my mother.然后我就必须杀了我爸And then I had to kill my father.这也很痛苦That was hard.应该比你杀姐姐更痛苦Probably even harder than having to kill a sister.幸亏我两个眼珠子还在Plus, I came out with both my eyes, which was...我需要一个锤子而不是汤匙I need a hammer, not a spoon.我要怎样打开这玩意How do I open this thing? Is there some sort of, uh...是不是输入什么四位数密码生日还是什么的A four-digit code, maybe? Maybe a birthdate. 你在干嘛？借你小船一用Uh, what are you doing? Taking your pod.不不可以！No, you're not.你不可以借走我们的飞船先生You will not be taking our pod today, sir.奎尔你在故意压低嗓子说话吗？Uh... Quill, are you making your voice deeper?我没有你就是No. You are.你在模仿男神说话真别扭You're imitating the god-man. It's weird.我没有No, I'm not.他又来了这就是我的声音！He just did it again! This is my voice.你在模仿我吗？Are you mocking me?你在模仿我吗？你又在模仿了Are you mocking me? Stop it. You did it again.他这是在学我说话He's trying to copy me.别再模仿我了I need you to stop doing that.够了是他先模仿我的Enough! He's doing it first.我们得去阻止灭霸We need to stop Thanos.所以我们必须要找出Which means we need to find out他的下一个目的地where he's going next.虚无知地Knowhere.他一定是有个目的地He must be going somewhere.不不虚无知地No, no. Knowhere?那是个地方我们以前去过就一个破地方It's a place. We've been there. It sucks.不好意思那是我们的食物不再是了Excuse me, that's our food. Not anymore.索尔为什么他要去虚无知地Thor, why would he go to Knowhere?因为几年来Because for years...现实宝石都安全地存放在那儿the Reality Stone's been safely stored there由一个叫收藏家的男人保管着with a man called the Collector.如果是在收藏家手上那就不叫安全If it's with the Collector, then it's not safe.白痴才会把宝石交到那种人手里Only an idiot would give that man a stone.或者是天才你怎么知道Or a genius. How do you know...他不会去找其他的宝石he's not going for one of the other stones?宇宙中一共有六个宝石There are six stones out there.灭霸上周血洗了山达尔星Thanos already has the Power Stone...拿到了力量宝石because he stole it last week when he decimated Xandar.他又从我手上抢走了空间宝石He stole the Space Stone from me...还毁了我的船杀害了我一半的子民when he destroyed my ship and slaughtered half my people.时间宝石和心灵宝石在地球上很安全The Time and Mind Stones are safe on Earth.有复仇者们守护They're with the Avengers.复仇者？他们是地球的超级英雄The Avengers? Earth's mightiest heroes.比如说凯文·贝肯那样的？Like Kevin Bacon?他有可能是其中一员我不知道He may be on the team. I don't know.有一阵子没在地球上呆过了I haven't been there in a while.至于灵魂宝石没人见过As for the Soul Stone, well, no one's ever seen that.甚至没人知道它在哪No one even knows where it is.所以灭霸拿不到它Therefore Thanos can't get it.所以他会去虚无知地Therefore he's going to Knowhere.因此他正在去抢现实宝石的路上Hence he'll be getting the Reality Stone.不用谢You're welcome.那我们就马上去虚无知地Then we have to go to Knowhere now.错我们要去的是尼达维Wrong. Where we have to go is Nidavellir.那是个虚构的世界什么虚构的That's a made-up word. All words are made up.尼达维真的存在吗？Nidavellir is real? Seriously?那地方就是个传奇That place is a legend.他们造出来的武器异常强大They make the most powerful, horrific weapons足以把整个宇宙打个底朝天to ever torment the universe.我还挺想去的呢I would very much like to go there, please.这兔子说得对The rabbit is correct它比你们聪明多了and clearly the smartest among you.兔子Rabbit?只有矮人王艾崔才能造出我要的武器Only Eitri the Dwarf can make me the weapon I need.你是这里的船长吧I assume you're the captain, sir.你还真有眼光You're very perceptive.你一看就有大将之材You seem like a noble leader.愿意和我一起远征尼达维吗Will you join me on my quest to Nidavellir?我得问下我们船长不对我就是船长啊Let me just ask the captain. Oh, wait a second, it's me!走吧很好Yeah. I'll go. Wonderful!可惜我才是船长Uh, except for that I'm the captain.闭嘴Quiet.还有你拿的是我的背包奎尔给我坐下That's my backpack. Go sit down.喂这是我的船啊Look, this is my ship.我才不去...And I'm not goin' to...等下你们说的是什么武器Wait, what kinda weapon are we talkin' about here?能杀死灭霸的武器The Thanos-killing kind.你不觉得这种好东西要人手一个吗Don't you think that we should all have a weapon like that? 不行你力量不够无法使用那样的武器No. You simply lack the strength to wield them.你的身体没办法Your bodies would crumble承受它的神力as your minds collapsed into madness.这样一说我更想去了是不是很奇怪Is it weird that I wanna do it even more now?有点Mmm, a little bit, yeah.如果我们没去虚无知地If we don't go to Knowhere而让灭霸拿到另一个宝石and Thanos retrieves another stone...他的能力会强大到难以阻挡he'll be too powerful to stop.他已经很强大了我想到一个办法He already is. I got it figured out.我们有两艘船We got two ships大船就留给白痴们and a large assortment of morons.我和格鲁特跟海盗男神走So me and Groot will go with the pirate angel here.你们这些白痴就去And the morons will go to Knowhere虚无知地阻止灭霸吧to try to stop Thanos.行吗行吧很行Cool? Cool. So cool.说实话For the record...我知道你跟他走I know that you're going with him是想躲着灭霸because it's where Thanos isn't.对待船长You know, you really shouldn't态度要端正点奎尔talk that way to your captain, Quill.走吧格鲁特Come on, Groot.把游戏机放下玩物丧志Put that game down. You'll rot your brain.祝你们好运吧白痴们I bid you farewell and good luck, morons.再见Bye.幻视？Vis?那个宝石又发作了吗？Is it the stone again?它好像在和我说话It's as if it's speaking to me.它说了什么？What does it say?我我不知道一些...I don't... I don't know, but something.告诉我你感受到什么了Tell me what you feel.我只感受到你I just feel you.。
《心》第三章9节概括
《心》第三章9节概括英文回答：Chapter 3, Section 9 of "The Heart" by Edmondo De Amicis.The main point of Chapter 3, Section 9 of "The Heart" by Edmondo De Amicis is the importance of a good character and the negative consequences of a bad character. De Amicis uses the example of a young boy named Precossi toillustrate this point. Precossi is a good-natured, kind-hearted boy who is always willing to help others. He is also a good student and is well-liked by his teachers and classmates.In contrast to Precossi, another boy in the class named Franti is a bad-tempered, selfish boy who is always getting into trouble. He is a poor student and is often disliked by his teachers and classmates.De Amicis argues that these two boys are examples of the two types of people in the world: those with good characters and those with bad characters. He believes that people with good characters are more likely to be successful and happy in life, while people with bad characters are more likely to be unsuccessful and unhappy.De Amicis also discusses the importance of education in shaping a person's character. He believes that a good education can help to develop a person's character and make them more likely to be successful in life.中文回答：《心》第三章 9 节概括。
钢铁是怎么炼成的的第一部第3章的主要内容
钢铁是怎么炼成的的第一部第3章的主要内容Steel is one of the most important materials in the world, and its production process is a fascinating journey of transformation. 钢铁是世界上最重要的材料之一，其生产过程是一个引人入胜的转变之旅。
From the raw materials used to the intricate processes involved, each stepin the production of steel is crucial to ensuring its strength and durability. 从使用的原材料到涉及的复杂过程，钢铁生产的每一步都对确保其强度和耐用性至关重要。
The journey begins with the extraction of iron ore, which is the primary source of iron used in steelmaking. 这个旅程始于提炼铁矿石，铁矿石是钢铁生产中使用的主要铁源。
Iron ore is mined from the earth and then undergoes a series of processes to extract the iron from the rock. 铁矿石被从地球上开采出来，然后经历一系列的过程来从岩石中提取铁。
Once the iron is extracted, it is combined with other elements such as carbon and alloying agents to create steel. 一旦提取出铁，就会将其与碳和其他元素（如合金化剂）结合起来，制造钢铁。
This combination is then heated to extremely high temperatures in a furnace, where the elements bond together toform a liquid steel solution. 然后，在炉中将这种组合加热到极高的温度，元素相互结合形成液态钢液。
泛读教程3第二版Animal-Welfare课文翻译
unit3What is Animal Welfare?IntroductionHuman understanding of animals–especially their sentience, needs and natures–is developing all the time.The physical states of poor welfare are more readily accessible and understandable(particularly for veterinarians,who undertook much of the early work on welfare).But new research leads naturally to greater understanding of mental states and needs and natures.This is particularly true of ethological research,including ‘preference testing’where animals’preferences are measured and assessed.This may be why earlier definitions of welfare centred on physical states,whereas the latest definitions have reflected the complex, multi-faceted nature of animal welfare.人类对动物的理解——尤其是它们的感知、需要和本性——一直在发展。
身体状况不佳的福利更容易获得，也更容易理解(特别是对兽医来说，他们承担了很多早期的福利工作)。
但新的研究自然会让人们对心理状态、需求和本质有更深入的了解。
仁爱英语九年级上册unit 3知识点复习
仁爱英语九年级上册unit 3知识点复习Unit 3 Knowledge Review of Renai English Ninth Grade英文九年级仁爱学院：第三单元知识复习Introduction引言As we progress through our academic journey, it is essential to periodically review what we have learned. In this article, we will delve into the key concepts taught in Unit 3 of the Renai English Ninth Grade curriculum. By revisiting these important topics, we aim to reinforce our understanding and consolidate our knowledge.Vocabulary词汇Vocabulary forms the building blocks of language proficiency. In Unit 3, we encountered a variety of words that expand our English vocabulary. Some notable examples include "inherit," "tradition," and "prejudice." Understanding these words not only helps us comprehend texts but also enables us to articulate our thoughts effectively.Grammar语法Grammar, on the other hand, provides the structure for coherent communication. Unit 3 introduced us to advanced grammatical concepts, such as reported speech and modal verbs. These topics allow us to convey other people's statements accurately and express possibilities, obligations, and permissions. Reviewing and practicing these grammar rules will help enhance our language fluency.Reading Comprehension阅读理解Improving our reading comprehension skills is crucial for understanding complex texts. Unit 3 introduced us to various types of passages, ranging from narratives to expository texts. By analyzing the main ideas, identifying supporting details, and inferring meanings from context, we enhance our ability to comprehend and interpret written materials.Writing写作Writing is a skill that requires practice and creativity. Unit 3 taught us essential techniques to become effective writers. We learned about organizing our ideas into a coherent structure and using appropriate language to convey our thoughts. Grammar and vocabulary play integral roles in developing our writing skills. By revisiting the writing prompts provided in Unit 3, we can sharpen our abilities to express ourselves through the written word.Listening听力Listening skills are vital for real-life communication. In Unit 3, we engaged in various listening exercises, such as dialogues and monologues. By actively listening, we sharpen our ability to understand spoken language, identify key information, and respond appropriately. These skills are not only crucial for academic success but also for everyday interactions in English-speaking environments.Speaking口语The ability to speak fluently and confidently is essential in any language. Unit 3 provided us with opportunities to practice our speaking skills. We engaged in group discussions, presentations, and role-plays, which allowed us to express our thoughts and opinions. Reflecting on these activities and seeking opportunities to practice speaking will undoubtedly elevate our conversational skills.Cultural Awareness文化意识English is not only a linguistic but also a cultural tool. In Unit 3, we explored cultural aspects related to the English-speaking world. We learned about customs, traditions, and rituals of different cultures. Developing cultural awareness enables us to connect with speakers of English at a deeper level and promotes cross-cultural understanding.Conclusion结语In this article, we have reviewed the key knowledge points covered in Unit 3 of the Renai English Ninth Grade curriculum. By revisitingvocabulary, grammar, reading comprehension, writing, listening, speaking, and cultural aspects, we strengthen our understanding and elevate our language skills. Regular revision and practice are the vital components of language acquisition. Let's continue our language learning journey with enthusiasm and dedication.。
第3章1-2节
c0 0 c1 1 h1 19 3 57kPa h2 c2 c1 2 57 10.5 2.2 80.1kPa h3 c3上 c2 3
80 .1+9.2 2.5=103.1kPa
解：P45表3.1
c4下
成层土各层面处的自重 应力：
第5层顶面（不透水层层面） h h
静水压力
c4
w
3
4
cz4下 cz4上 w h3 h4 1 h1 2 h2 3sat h3 4sat h4
成层土中自重应力σcz沿深度的分布规律：（补充） ①σcz随深度的增加而增大 ② σcz沿深度折线分布 拐点在土层分界面和地下水位面处 在透水层与不透水层的交界面处σcz值有突变 （即在此交界面处具有两个自重应力值） ③同一土层中的σcz按直线变化 例题3.1 （P45） 试计算各层面处的竖向自重应力σcz，并绘出σcz沿深 度的分布图
条形基础（l /b ≥10）：
l 柱下单独基础 墙
b
沿长度方向取一单位长度计算 即取 l =1m， 则A=b（b为基宽） F、G单位为kN/m （P47）
l
b
F G p （kPa） b
墙下条形基础
2、偏心荷载下的基底压力（P47） 对于柱下单向偏心矩形基础 •基底两边缘的最大、最小压力：
为什么？
•基底附加压力在地基中产生附加应力并引起地基变形
d
σcd
γ0
p0 p cd p 0 d
当基础埋深d=0时，p0=p ；d≠0时，p0＜p
基底平均附加压力
p0 p cd p 0 d
（如P53例题3.2⑴） 式中：P48 σcd—基底处土的自重应力 cd
麦田守望者 3-4章概括 英文
Chapters 3–4Summary: Chapter 3Holden lives in Ossenburger Hall, which is named after a wealthy Pencey graduate who made a fortune in the discount funeral home business. In his room, Holden sits and reads Isak Dinesen’s Out of Africa while wearing his new hunting hat, a flamboyant red cap with a long peaked brim and earflaps. He is interrupted by Ackley, a pimply student who lives next door. According to Holden, Ackley is a supremely irritating classmate who constantly barges into the room, exhibits disgusting personal habits and poor hygiene, and always acts as if he’s doing others a favor by spending time with them. Ackley does not seem to have many friends. He prevents Holden from reading by puttering around the room and pestering him with annoying questions. Ackley further aggravates Holden by cutting his fingernails on the floor, despite Holden’s repeated requests that he stop. He refuses to take Holden’s hints that he ought to leave. When Holden’s handsome and popular roommate, Stradlater, enters, Ackley, who hates Stradlater, quickly returns to his own room. Stradlater mentions that he has a date waiting for him but wants to shave.Summary: Chapter 4Holden goes to the bathroom with Stradlater and talks to him while he shaves. Holden contrasts Stradlater’s personal habits with Ackley’s: whereas Ackley is ugly and has poor dental hygiene, Stradlater is outwardly attractive but doesnot keep his razor or other toiletries clean. He decides that while Ackley is an obvious slob, Stradlater is a “secret slob.” The two joke around, then Stradlater asks Holden to write an English composition for him, because his date won’t leave him with time to do it on his own. Holden asks about the date and learns that Stradlater is taking out a girl Holden knows, Jane Gallagher. (Stradlater carelessly calls her “Jean.”) Holden clearly has strong feelings for Jane and remembers her vividly. He tells Stradlater that when she played checkers, she used to keep all of her kings in the back row because she liked the way they looked there. Stradlater is uninterested. Holden is displeased that Stradlater,one of the few sexually experienced boys at Pencey, is taking Jane on a date.He wants to say hello to her while she waits for Stradlater, but decides he isn’tin the mood. Before he leaves for his date, Stradlater borrows Holden’shound’s-tooth jacket.After Stradlater leaves, Holden is tormented by thoughts of Jane and Stradlater. Ackley barges in again and sits in Holden’s room, squeezing pimples until dinnertime.Analysis: Chapters 3–4These chapters establish the way Holden interacts with his peers. Holden despises “phonies”—people whose surface behavior distorts or disguises theirinner feelings. Even his brother D. B. incurs his displeasure by accepting a big paycheck to write for the movies; Holden considers the movies to be the phoniest of the phony and emphasizes throughout the book the loathing he has for Hollywood.Unfortunately, Holden is surrounded by phonies in his circa- prep school. Preening Ackley and self-absorbed Stradlater act as his immediate contrasts. But, despite their flaws, he acts with basic kindness toward them, agreeing to write Stradlater’s English composition for him in Chapter 4, even though Stradlater is out with Jane Gallagher, a girl Holden seems to care for very deeply. The pressure of adolescent sexuality—an important theme throughout The Catcher in the Rye—makes itself felt here for the first time: Holden’s greatest worry is that Stradlater will make sexual advances toward Jane.Stradlater and Ackley sound like appallingly unsympathetic characters, but this is completely the result of the tone in which Holden describes them. For instance, Holden indicates his awareness that Ackley behaves in annoying ways because he is insecure and unpopular, but instead of trying to imagine what Ackley wants or why he does things, he focuses on Ackley’s surface—literally, his skin. By describing in minute detail Ackley’s nail trimming and pimple squeezing, Holden makes him seem disgusting and subhuman.Holden’s interactions also reveal how lonely he is. He describes Ackley as isolated and ostracized, but it’s easy to see the parallel between Ackley’s and Holden’s situations. Holden notes that he and Ackley are the only two guys notat the football game. Both are isolated, and both maintain a bitter, criticalexterior in order to shield themselves from the world that assaults them. In Ackley especially, we can see the cruelty of the situation. Ackley’s isolation is perpetuated by his annoying habits, but his annoying habits protect him fromthe dangers of interaction and intimacy. Ackley’s situation greatly illuminates Holden’s own inner landscape: intimacy and interaction are what he needs and fears most.Holden’s new hunting hat, with its funny earflaps, becomes very important to him. Throughout the novel, it serves as a kind of protective device, which Holden uses for more than physical warmth and comfort. When he wears the hat, he always claims not to care what people think about his appearance, which might be a source of self-conscious embarrassment for Holden—he is extremely tall for his age, very thin, and, though he is only sixteen, has a great deal of gray hair. But it is also important to note when Holden does not wear the hat. Part of him seems to want to display his rebelliousness, but another part of him wants to fit in—or, at least, to hide his unique personality. Although he mentions the freezing temperature, Holden does not wear the hat near the football game or at Spencer’s house; he waits for the privacy of his own room to put it on.。
第3章 3.2.2、3.2.3
第3章 3.2.2、3.2.3设z2＝a＋2i，a∈R，则z1·z2＝(2－i)·(a＋2i)＝(2a＋2)＋(4－a)i，因为z1·z2∈R，所以a＝4.所以z2＝4＋2i.【答案】4＋2i教材整理2复数的除法法则阅读教材P95～P96，完成下列问题．1．已知z＝a＋b i，如果存在一个复数z′，使z·z′＝________，则z′叫做z的__________，记作__________，则1z＝__________且1z＝__________.2．复数的除法法则设z1＝a＋b i，z2＝c＋d i(c＋d i≠0)，z1 z2＝a＋b ic＋d i＝________________________.【答案】 1.1倒数1zaa2＋b2－ba2＋b2iz|z|22.ac＋bdc2＋d2＋bc－adc2＋d2i[质疑·手记]预习完成后，请将你的疑问记录，并与“小伙伴们”探讨交流：疑问1：解惑：疑问2：解惑：疑问3：解惑：[小组合作型]复数代数形式的乘法运算(1)已知a，b∈R，i是虚数单位．若a－i与2＋b i互为共轭复数，则(a ＋b i)2＝( )A ．5－4iB ．5＋4iC ．3－4iD ．3＋4i(2)复数z ＝(3－2i)i 的共轭复数z 等于( )A ．－2－3iB ．－2＋3iC ．2－3iD ．2＋3i(3)i 是虚数单位，复数(3＋i)(1－2i)＝__________.【自主解答】 (1)由题意知a －i ＝2－b i ，∴a ＝2，b ＝1，∴(a ＋b i)2＝(2＋i)2＝3＋4i.(2)∵z ＝(3－2i)i ＝3i －2i 2＝2＋3i.∴z ＝2－3i.故选C.(3)(3＋i)(1－2i)＝3－6i ＋i －2i 2＝5－5i.【答案】 (1)D (2)C (3)5－5i1．两个复数代数形式乘法的一般方法首先按多项式的乘法展开；再将i 2换成－1；然后再进行复数的加、减运算，化简为复数的代数形式．2．常用公式(1)(a ＋b i)2＝a 2＋2ab i －b 2(a ，b ∈R)；(2)(a ＋b i)(a －b i)＝a 2＋b 2(a ，b ∈R)；(3)(1±i)2＝±2i.[再练一题]1．若|z 1|＝5，z 2＝3＋4i ，且z 1·z 2是纯虚数，则z 1＝________.【解析】 设z 1＝a ＋b i(a ，b ∈R)，则|z 1|＝a 2＋b 2＝5，即a 2＋b 2＝25， z 1·z 2＝(a ＋b i)·(3＋4i)＝(3a －4b )＋(3b ＋4a )i.∵z 1·z 2是纯虚数．∴⎩⎨⎧ 3a －4b ＝0，3b ＋4a ≠0，a 2＋b 2＝25，解得⎩⎨⎧ a ＝4，b ＝3或⎩⎨⎧a ＝－4，b ＝－3.∴z 1＝4＋3i 或z 1＝－4－3i.【答案】 4＋3i 或－4－3i 复数代数形式的除法运算(1＋i )3(1－i )2＝( ) A ．1＋iB ．1－iC ．－1＋iD ．－1－i (2)i 是虚数单位，复数7＋i 3＋4i＝( ) A ．1－iB ．－1＋i C.1725＋3125i D ．－177＋257i 【自主解答】 (1)法一：(1＋i )3(1－i )2＝(1＋i )(1＋i )2－2i ＝(1＋i )(1＋i 2＋2i )－2i＝－2＋2i －2i＝1－i i ＝－1－i.故选D. 法二：(1＋i )3(1－i )2＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋i 1－i 2(1＋i)＝i 2(1＋i)＝－(1＋i)． (2)7＋i 3＋4i ＝(7＋i )(3－4i )(3＋4i )(3－4i )＝25－25i 25＝1－i ，故选A. 【答案】 (1)D (2)A1．两个复数代数形式的除法运算步骤(1)首先将除式写为分式；(2)再将分子、分母同乘以分母的共轭复数； (3)然后将分子、分母分别进行乘法运算，并将其化为复数的代数形式．2．常用公式(1)1i ＝－i ；(2)1＋i 1－i ＝i ；(3)1－i 1＋i＝－i. [再练一题]2．(1)满足z ＋i z ＝i(i 为虚数单位)的复数z ＝( )A.12＋12iB.12－12i C ．－12＋12i D ．－12－12i (2)若复数z 满足z (1＋i)＝2i(i 为虚数单位)，则|z |＝( )【导学号：05410072】A ．1B ．2 C. 2 D. 3【解析】 (1)∵z ＋i z ＝i ，∴z ＋i ＝z i ，∴i ＝z (i －1)．∴z ＝i i －1＝i (－1－i )(－1＋i )(－1－i )＝1－i 2＝12－12i. (2)∵z (1＋i)＝2i ，∴z ＝2i 1＋i＝2i (1－i )2＝1＋i ， ∴|z |＝12＋12＝ 2.【答案】 (1)B (2)C[探究共研型]i n 的周期性及应用探究1 i 5与i 是否相等？【提示】 i 5＝i 4·i ＝i ，相等．探究2 i ＋i 2＋i 3＋i 4的值为多少？【提示】 i ＋i 2＋i 3＋i 4＝0.计算i 1＋i 2＋i 3＋…＋i 2 016.【精彩点拨】 本题中需求多个i n 和的值，求解时可考虑利用等比数列求和公式及i n 的周期性化简；也可利用i n ＋i n ＋1＋i n ＋2＋i n ＋3＝0(n ∈N)化简．【自主解答】 法一：原式＝i (1－i 2 016)1－i ＝i[1－(i 2)1 008]1－i ＝i (1－1)1－i＝0. 法二：∵i 1＋i 2＋i 3＋i 4＝0，∴i n ＋i n ＋1＋i n ＋2＋i n ＋3＝0(n ∈N)，∴i 1＋i 2＋i 3＋…＋i 2019，＝(i1＋i2＋i3＋i4)＋(i5＋i6＋i7＋i8)＋…＋(i2 013＋i2 014＋i2 015＋i2 016)＝0.虚数单位i的周期性：(1)i4n＋1＝i，i4n＋2＝－1，i4n＋3＝－i，i4n＝1(n∈N＋)．(2)i n＋i n＋1＋i n＋2＋i n＋3＝0(n∈N)．[再练一题]3．计算：1＋i1－i ·⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋i1－i2·⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋i1－i3·…·⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋i1－i10.【解】∵1＋i1－i＝i，∴原式＝i·i2·i3·…·i10＝i1＋2＋3＋…＋10＝i55＝i3＝－i.[构建·体系]1．已知i是虚数单位，则(－1＋i)(2－i)＝()A．－3＋i B．－1＋3iC．－3＋3i D．－1＋i【解析】按照复数乘法运算法则，直接运算即可．(－1＋i)(2－i)＝－1＋3i.【答案】 B2．在复平面内，复数z＝2i1＋i(i为虚数单位)的共轭复数对应的点位于()A．第一象限B．第二象限C．第三象限D．第四象限【解析】z＝2i1＋i＝2i(1－i)(1＋i)(1－i)＝1＋i的共轭复数为1－i，对应的点为(1，－1)，在第四象限．【答案】 D3．若21－i＝a＋b i(i为虚数单位，a，b∈R)，则a＋b＝________.【解析】因为21－i＝2(1＋i)(1－i)(1＋i)＝1＋i，所以1＋i＝a＋b i，所以a＝1，b＝1，所以a＋b＝2.【答案】 24．设z 1＝a ＋2i ，z 2＝3－4i ，且z 1z 2为纯虚数，则实数a 的值为________. 【导学号：05410073】【解析】 设z 1z 2＝b i(b ∈R 且b ≠0)，所以z 1＝b i·z 2，即a ＋2i ＝b i(3－4i)＝4b ＋3b i ，所以⎩⎨⎧ a ＝4b ，2＝3b ，所以a ＝83.【答案】 835．计算：(1)(1－i)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i (1＋i)；(2)2＋3i3－2i ；(3)(2－i)2.【解】 (1)法一：(1－i)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i (1＋i)＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i ＋12i －32i 2(1＋i) ＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫3－12＋3＋12i (1＋i) ＝3－12＋3＋12i ＋3－12i ＋3＋12i 2＝－1＋3i.法二：原式＝(1－i)(1＋i)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i＝(1－i 2)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i＝2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－12＋32i＝－1＋3i. (2)2＋3i3－2i ＝(2＋3i )(3＋2i )(3－2i )(3＋2i )＝(2＋3i)(3＋2i)(3)2＋(2)2＝6＋2i＋3i－65＝5i5＝i.(3)(2－i)2＝(2－i)(2－i) ＝4－4i＋i2＝3－4i.我还有这些不足：(1)(2)我的课下提升方案：(1)(2)。
英语泛读教程3_课文翻译2、4、5单元
第二单元英国人的谨慎和礼貌在许多人看来，英国人极为礼貌，同他们交朋友很难。
但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。
对于其他欧洲人来说，英国人最著名的特点是‚谨慎‛。
一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天，不会流露出太多的情感，并且很少会兴奋。
要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事；他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事，也许你和他工作了几年，却连他住在哪儿，有几个孩子，兴趣是什么，都不知道。
英国人就有类似的倾向。
如果乘公共汽车去旅行，他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子；如果是乘火车，他们会找一个没人的单间。
如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时，那么即使火车驶出了很多英里，他们也不会开口交谈。
一旦谈起来的话，他们不会轻易问及像‚你几岁？‛或者甚至‚你叫什么名字？‛等私人问题。
像‚你的手表是在哪儿买的？‛或者‚你的收入是多少？‛这样的问题几乎不可想象。
同样，在英国，人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制，大声谈话会被视为没有教养。
在某种程度上，不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质，因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。
而事实上，英国人（也许除了北方人）并不以慷慨和好客而著称。
而另一方面，虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。
如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿，他们可能会满心欢喜。
与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。
在内心深处，英国人可能比任何人都高傲，但是当他们与别人相处时，他们十分看重谦逊的品质，至少要表现出谦虚的样子。
自我标榜会被认为没有教养。
让我们假设，有一个人非常擅长打网球，但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时，他很少会说‚是‛，不然，人们会认为他很高傲。
他可能会作出类似这样的回答，‚不算太差，‛或者‚嗯，我非常喜欢网球。
‛这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。
而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时，常常形成一种漠然的气氛，这在外国人看来难于理解，甚至令人恼火。
著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。
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选择场景的方法
使用场景面板设置场景播放的顺序
二、Flash动画制作
元件与实例
元件是可重用的资源。元件存储在“库”中。
元件的类型
• 图形元件 • 影片剪辑元件 • 按钮元件
二、Flash动画制作
元件与实例
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
创建元件的方法
• 方法一：插入 > 新建元件 • 方法二：修改 > 转换为元件（F8）
• 停止：停止声音。（很少使用，更方便的方法是插入一个空白
关键帧。）
• 数据流：声音的播放与时间轴同步，当时间轴的播放头停止时，
声音也会停止。
二、Flash动画制作
按钮元件
注意：按钮上声音，同步方式应选择“开始”。
二、Flash动画制作
公用库
二、Flash动画制作
ActionScript 2.0 代码
声音属性。
二、Flash动画制作
在 Flash 中导入声音
声音的同步方式 ：
• 事件：声音的播放独立于时间轴，在声音播放结束之前或使用
ActionScript 停止播放声音之前，声音会连续播放。
• 开始：与“事件”同步相似。只是如果已经播放声音，那么
“开始”同步不会触发声音，因此不会出现重叠的声音。
二、Flash动画制作
常用面板
二、Flash动画制作
Flash 动画类型
逐帧动画
补间动画 路径动画 遮罩动画
逐帧动画 由一系列逐帧制作的图片转化成的动画。 特点：制作工作量大, 文件较大，适合表现较为细腻的动作。
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二、Flash动画制作
Flash 动画类型
蝴蝶 童年.mp3
三、综合实例二－电子相册
演 示 效 果
被 Macintosh 平台及其应用程序所支持，
• MP3
有损压缩，压缩率高达 10:1~12:1 。
二、Flash动画制作
在 Flash 中导入声音
实际制作过程中，经常遇到 WAV 和 MP3 不能导入到
FLASH 里的问题，原因是WAV 和 MP3 的编码格式有 多种，有些编码格式不被 Flash 支持。
散图
元件
精确变形与形状提示符
在形状补间动画中，使用形状提示符，可以控制图形 对应部位的变形，即让一个对象中的某一点，对应变化成 另一个对象中的某一点。
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添加形状提示符的效果比较
无形状提示
有形状提示
运动补间与形状补间总结
动作补间动画
时间轴上的标记 淡紫色背景、长箭头
形状补间动画
淡绿色背景、长箭头
一、动画简介
常用的动画制作软件
二维平面动画
• GIF Animator • Flash
三维立体动画
• 3D Studio MAX • Maya • Softimage 3D
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
选择工具
作用： 选取、拖动、改变对象外观。 使用它编辑对象时，光标的右下角将以不同的 图案来表示不同的功能。
动画媒体的编辑与制作
一、动画简介
动画原理
由于人眼的视觉残留特性，当一系列静止的画面以一定
的速率连续播放时就形成了运动的视觉效果。
帧与帧速率
动画中播放的每一幅画面称为一帧，每秒钟播放的帧数 称为帧速率。
帧速率达到每秒 10 帧以上就会有运动感，帧速率达到每
秒 15 帧以上，播放画面就会比较平滑流畅。 电影的帧速率为每秒 24 帧。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
橡皮擦工具
作用：
擦除舞台工作区中的对象。
二、Flash动画制作
时间轴
锁定或解除锁定图层 显示或隐藏图层 将图层显示为轮廓
新建图层
删除
帧数率
运行时间
新建文件夹
二、Flash动画制作
帧
帧的类型
• 帧 • 关键帧 • 空白关键帧
二、Flash动画制作
帧
帧操作
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
画笔工具
作用： 用来绘制直线或曲线。 选择该工具，则在选项区中显示出“规则模式”、 “平滑模式”和“徒手模式”三个工具。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
墨水瓶工具
作用：
改变已绘制线条的颜色、粗细及类型等属性。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
颜料桶工具
作用：
对填充物属性进行修改，填充物的属性有单色 填充、渐变填充和点阵图填充等。
• 在时间轴上右击，在弹出的右键关联
菜单中选择相应的操作。
• 按住【Ctrl】，可以在时间轴上选择
多个帧。
• 按住【Shift】，可以在时间轴上选择
连续的多个帧。
• 当光标尾部带有方框时，可以通过拖
拽移动帧的位置。
二、Flash动画制作
场景
每一场景包含一个独立的“舞台”。
插入场景的方法
• 插入 > 场景
注意：运动补间动画 才能生成路径动画！
二、Flash动画制作
Flash 动画类型
逐帧动画
补间动画 路径动画 遮罩动画
遮罩动画
遮罩动画由遮罩层和被遮罩组成，遮罩层 中的对象是透明的，通过它可以看到被遮 罩层上的景象。
思考：运动补间动画与形状补间动 画都能生成遮罩动画吗？
动画的类型总结
二、Flash动画制作
在 Flash 中导入声音
解决方法是使用一种音频处理软件，如 GoldWave，将
不能导入的声音文件转换为 PCM WAV 格式。
二、Flash动画制作
在 Flash 中导入声音
导入方法 ：
• 选择“文件”>“导入”>“导入到库”。 • 新建图层，将声音从“库”面板 中拖到“舞台”中。 • 在时间轴上选择包含声音文件的第一帧，在“属性”面板上设置
帧动作
stop();
按钮动作 on (press) {gotoAndPlay(1);}
三、综合实例－－生日贺卡
〖已有素材〗
如何设计生日贺卡？
风景图片
生日蛋糕图片 玫瑰花
心
生日快乐.mp3
三、综合实例－－生日贺卡
演 示 效 果
三、综合实例二－电子相册
〖已有素材〗 背景图片
如何设计电子相册？
照片系列
1、逐帧动画 2、补间动画 3、路径动画
动作补间动画
形状补间动画
4、遮罩动画
二、Flash动画制作
在 Flash 中导入声音
Flash 支持的声音格式
• WAV 微软公司开发的一种声音文件格式，无损压缩，
被 Windows 平台及其应用程序所支持。
• AIFF 苹果公司开发的一种声音文件格式，无损压缩，
运动补间与形状补间总结
动作补间动画
时间轴上的 标记 组成元素 淡紫色背景、长箭头 影片剪辑、图形元件、按钮 、文字、位图等
形状补间动画
淡绿色背景、长箭头 图形元件、按钮、文字，要先 打散再变形。
运动补间与形状补间总结
动作补间动画
时间轴上的标 记 组成元素 产生的效果 淡紫色背景、长箭头
形状补间动画
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
副选工具
作用：
选择矢量图形，增加和删除矢量图形的节点，
改变矢量图形的形状等。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
渐变变形工具组
作用： 任意变形工具主要变换对象的形状； 渐变变形工具主要对渐变填充或位图填充进行自由变 形。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
套索工具
作用：
用来选择不规则区域内的对象。
淡绿色背景、长箭头
影片剪辑、图形元件、按 对于图形元件、按钮、文字， 钮、文字、位图等 则必先打散再变形。
一个元件的大小、位置、 两个对象间形状、颜色、位置 颜色等的变化。 的改变。
二、Flash动画制作
Flash 动画类型
逐帧动画
补间动画 路径动画 遮罩动画
路径动画 路径动画由二个图层组成，上面一层是“引导 层”，它的图层图标为 ，下面一层是“被 引导层”，图标同普通图层一样。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
钢笔工具
作用：
用于绘制直线、折线、多边形和曲线。 属于矢量对象编辑工具。可以通过调节矢量
图形上的点，来改变图形的形状。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
文本工具
作用：
用来输入文字，通过“字符”面板对字体、字
号、颜色等进行设置。
二、Flash动画制作
工具箱
直线工具
作用：
注意：实施“补间动 画”的对象必需是 “元件”。
形状补间动画
形状补间：在一个关键帧中引入一个对象，在另一关键 帧引入另外一个对象或对第一个对象进行形状改变。然 后将两关键帧中的内容打散，再创建形状渐变。
注意：将对象打散！
注意事项
如果形状补间动画两个关键帧中的内容都是在 Flash中绘制的图形，本身就是散的，不必打散处 理。
逐帧动画
补间动画 路径动画 遮罩动画
补间动画
补间动画：是在两个关键帧之间由 FLASH 通过计算生 成中间各帧，使画面从第一个关键帧平滑过渡到最后一 个关键帧。
动作补间动画 补间动画 形状补间动画
动作补间动画
动作补间：是两个关键帧中的内容为同一对象，对象在大 小、位置或外观上可以发生变化，FLASH 通过计算补充 中间的过渡帧。