2001_3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试[参考答案]
2001_3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试[参考答案]
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2001.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Sport Dictation1. television viewers2. recent research3. more far-reaching4. power of authority5. gets away with6. a social reality7. escape from 8. dangerous and frightening9. less trustful 10. police protection11. estimate 12. further evidence13. 33 14. instead of15. network TV 16. threat of danger17. exploit by the media 18. increasing pressure19. aggressive behavior 20. social control and stabilityPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 BCDAC 6-10 BCCBAC11-15 DACBC 16-20 DBABD21-25 ABCBA 26-30 BCCADPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence Translation１.当时那人就我们陈列在交易会上的新产品提了好多问题。
但是，他没有下任何定单。
2. 多数人在劳累工作了一天回家后都希望能休闲一下，诸如洗个热水澡或者聆听轻音乐。
3. 慢跑是一种慢速、稳定的奔。
最近几年来，慢跑已成为非常流行的一种户外活动。
4. 下山容易上山难，因此，染上坏习惯容易，养成好习惯难。
5. 如果你在快餐店或咖啡店就餐，你付５元钱或再多一点就能吃一顿。
但是如果你在旅馆或市中心的饭店用餐，你就要付十倍的钱。
2000.9上海市英语中级口译笔试与答案
2000.9上海市英语中级口译笔试与答案2000.9上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.It is common knowledge that computers can also produce something stupid, as some(1) put it, GIGO, or ’garbage in, garbage out’. This means that if inaccurate information is(2) a computer, the machine will produce the wrong information(3).2The reason for this is that computers cannot think (4). For example, imagine that a computer is given the information that (5) has hour legs and that a dog has four legs. The machine might well (6) when producing a list of suggested living-room and dining-room furniture.But today, groups of (7) in the United States, Japan and Europe (8) a new type of computer. These new models will be incapable of making such (9). Instead of being programmed with lots of unrelated (10), the new computers will contain knowledge of subjects that are(11). The machines will then(12) items of information, and will be able to reject conclusions that do not (13). These new computers will already know that dogs are animals that (14), bark,34in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Michelle wanted to work in London.(B) Michelle quitted his job in London.(C) Michelle asked for a vacation in London.(D) Michelle transferred his money to the London branch.2. (A) Doctor Carter avoids the company of others whenever possible.(B) Doctor Carter is too busy to have a cup of coffee.(C) Doctor Carter is a quite sociable person.(D) Doctor Carter is a lonely man, according to his colleagues.3. (A) Tom checked his embarrassment.(B) Tom bounced the ball against the telephone box.5(C) Tom felt embarrassed when he was asked to have a physical check.(D) Tom was embarrassed when his check was returned as worthless.4. (A) We couldn’t have opened five supermarkets there.(B) To think that we have opened only five supermarkets there.(C) We thought that you wanted to open five supermarkets there.(D) We didn’t think th at five supermarkets there were quite enough.5. (A) Mrs. Green had to rush to the airport to meet the CEO from Chicago.(B) Mrs. Green refused to attend the opening ceremony in Chicago last Tuesday.(C) Mrs. Green was scheduled to see someone from Chicago last Tuesday.(D) Mrs. Green didn’t accept the CEO’s invitation to work in Chicago at last.66. (A) I’ve never been a cooperative person.(B) I’m very ready to cooperate now.(C) I’ll be a corporate executive.(D) I never want to be an operator.7. (A) The general manager asked them to account for the lying of important documents.(B) The general manager refused to read those accounting papers.(C) The documents are so important that they should be kept in safer places.(D) It is important that the accountant lock his office before leaving for home.8. (A) Every year, the city authorities propose to improve the road conditions on the highway.(B) There have been arguments about the proposed highway extension for a long time. (C) The environmental protection groups are quite satisfied with the proposed highway extension.(D) Both the administration and the7environmentalists are against the building of a newhighway.9. (A) Good management seldom gets better work from employees.(B) Good management can make average employees work better.(C) Average employees can do excellent work under any circumstances.(D) Average employees cannot do excellent work, despite good management.10. (A) No more visitors can be allowed in the exhibition hall.(B) The exhibition hall can hold slightly over 250 visitors.(C) Five hundred visitors wanted to see the Auto Show.(D) More than one thousand visitors saw the Auto Show.8Ⅱ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choice and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 11~1411. (A) She is out of job. (B) She feels very tired.(C) She has a broken (D) She has a cold.12. (A) Traveling around the country(B) Training hard for a competition(C) Working on a research project (D) Writhing research paper on boxing913. (A) Stay in bed and get some sleep(B) Return the books and post the letters(C) Have a glass of water before going outside.(D) Write a letter of complaint about the air-conditioner14. (A) Because she has to write a report.(B) Because she has just returned from abroad.(C) Because she wants something to read.(D) Because she needs to find a new job.Questions 15~1815. (A)US census officials (B) Government employees(C) People who live in the city (D) Lawyers who work for the Church16. (A) London and Westminster (B) London and Birmingham(C) London and St Asaph (D)10London and St Paul’s17. (A) It has a cathedral. (B) It hasa population of 4000.(C) It has a large population. (D) It has a city hall.18. (A) Britain (B) USA(C) India (D) JapanQuestions 19~2219. (A) She’s got married.(B) She’s graduated from high school.(C) She’s spent her holiday(D) She’s moved to West Virginia.20. (A) She would have stayed in her hometown for the rest of her life.(B) She would have made a grave mistake in her life career.(C) She would have happy to come to the city to look for a job.(D) She would become a secretary tosomeone in her village.21. (A) She had left the place in which she was born.(B) She has not been given much job opportunity in the city.(C) She has so far no promotion or transfer.(D) She cannot avoid making mistakes in her routine work.22. (A) Her boyfriend. (B) Her colleague.(C) Her assistant. (D) Her former schoolmate.Questions 23~2623. (A) Keeping warm and dry (B) Drinking a lot of liquid(C) Living close to the hospital (D) Kissing the nose of an animal24.(A) Men who live in windy areas(B) Women who volunteered to stay outside(C) Travelers who take showers(D) People who are under stress25. (A) Because cold viruses can endure adverse climates.(B) Because winters are wet and cold.(C) Because people tend to stay more time indoors.(D) Because the disease may be caused by contaminated foods.26. (A) Men are more likely to suffer from colds.(B) No effective medicine has been found to cure colds.(C) In the winter, people should try to stay outdoors.(D) One could avoid catching colds by taking a hot bath every day.Questions 27~3027. (A) None (B) Thirteen(C) Fourteen (D) Fifteen28. (A) The housewife (B) The elder sisters(C) The servants (D) The nannies29.(A) They had to bring up their families.(B) They had no choice in selecting a spouse.(C) They had to work hard to support their families.(D)They had no chance to receive higher education.30. (A) A woman was financially dependent on her future husband.(B) A man had to ask a girl’s father for permission to marry her.(C) A woman should be ready to give up her job for the marriage.(D) A man should arrange a marriage ceremony in his father’s house.Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B),(C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5In some rural agricultural societies, the collection of available fuel such as firewood, dung cake, and agricultural waste can take 200 to 300 person-days per year. As well as being time consuming, the typical patterns of collection lead to deforestation, soil erosion, andecological imbalances. In the future, experts predict that even if food supplies are adequate for rural populations, fuel supplies for domestic use may not be.In the light of such considerations, a team in India has developed a solar oven for home use. The oven is cheaply constructed, easily operated, and extremely energy efficient. The device consists of an inner and outer metal box, a top cover, and two panes of plain glass. The inner box is painted black to absorb maximum solar radiation. The space between the two boxes is filled with an insulating material, such as rice husks, which are easily available and which, because of their high silicon content, neither attract insects nor rot easily. Other easily available materials for insulation are ground nutshells or coconut shells. An adjustable mirror mounted on one side of the oven box reflects the sunlight into the interior,boosting the temperatures by 15-30 degrees Celsius. This is most useful during the winter when the sun is lower. Inside the oven, a temperature between 80 and 120 degrees Celsius above ambient temperature can be maintained. This is sufficient to cook food gradually but surely. Trials have shown that all typical food dishes can be prepared in this solar device without loss of taste or nutrition.1.This passage is mainly about .(A)deforestation in the rural agriculturalsocieties(B)use of rice husks as an insulation material(C)design and use of a solar oven(D)maintenance of temperature in a solaroven2. All of the following are mentioned as sources of energy of rural agricultural societies EXCEPT .(A) firewood (B) dung cake(C) solar power (D) agricultural waste3.The word “domestic”(paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) industrial (B) agricultural (C) natural (D) household4. According to the passage, the use of an adjustable mirror increases the oven temperature by .(A) 80-120 degrees Celsius (B) at least 80 degrees Celsius(C) up to 30 degrees Celsius (D) up to 15 degrees Celsius5.According to the passage, the adjustable mirror is most useful .(A) at midday (B) when it is cold(C) When firewood is lacking (D) in improving taste and nutritionQuestions 6~10There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave body to regulate these matters for itself. “The answer is easy,” says Dr.. A. Burton. “With the right amount of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings.” If he is right many people must be under sleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a grater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this many have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue. Other people feel sure that the present trendis towards too little sleep. To quote one medical opinion, “Thousands of people drift throughlife suffering from the effects of too little sleep; the reason is not that can’t sleep. Li ke advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press to quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue.”Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that more people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in, asserts: “It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so themajority sleep too much.” One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does them no harm. If one of the trends of evolutions is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the van of this advance.6.The author seems to indicate that .(A)there are many controversial issues likethe right amount of sleep(B)among many issues the right amount ofsleep is the least controversial(C)the right amount of sleep is topic of muchcontroversy among doctors(D)people are now moving towards solvingmany controversial issues concerning sleep 7.According to the author, sleepinghabits .(A)are related to the amount of sleep(B)are inherited from the parents(C)vary from person to person(D)would not change in one’s lifetime8.The world “jeopardize” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to .(A) endeavor (B) endanger(C) endorse (D) endow9. In the last paragraph the author points out that .(A)sleeping less is good for human health(B)people ought to be persuaded to sleep lessthan before(C)it is incorrect to say that people too little(D)those who can sleep less should beencouraged10. We learn from the passage that the author .(A)revises someone else’s opinion(B)explains an opinion of his own(C)favors one of the three opinions(D)comments on three different opinions Questions 11~15She looked in the pockets of the black leather jacket he had reluctantly worn the night before. Three of his suits, a pair of blue twill work pants, an old gray sweater with a hood and pockets lay thrown across the bed. The jacket leather was sleazy and damply clinging to her hands. She had bought it for him, as well as the three suits: one light blue with side vents, one gold with green specks, and one reddish that had a silver imitation-silk vest. The pockets of the jacket came softly outward from the lining like skinny milk toast rats. Empty. Slowly she sank down on the bed and began to knead, with blunt anxious fingers, all the pockets in all the clothes piled around her. First the blue suit, then the gold with green, then the reddish one that he said he didn’t like most of all, but whichhe would sometimes wear if she agreed to stay home, or if she promised not to touch anywhere at all while he was getting dressed.She was a big awkward woman, with big bones and hard rubbery flesh. Her short arms ended in ham hands, and her neck was a squat roll of fat that protruded behind her head as a big bump. Her skin was rough and puffy, with plump mole like freckles down her cheeks. Her eyes glowered from under the mountain of her brow and were circled with expensive mauve shadow. They were nervous and quick when she was flustered and darted about at nothing in particular while she was dressing hair or talking to people.H er troubles started noticeably when she fell in love with a studiously quiet schoolteacher, Mr. Jerome Franklin Washington III, who was ten years younger than her. She told herself that she shouldn’t want him, he was so littleand cute and young, but when she took into account that he was a schoolteacher, well, she just couldn’t seem to get any rest until, as she put it, “I were Mr. And Mrs. Jerome Franklin W ashington the third, and that’s the truth!”11. The word “sleazy” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) lacking moisture (B) lacking persistence(C) lacking substance (D) lacking confidence12. Jerome’s taste in clothing isprobably .(A) worse than the woman’s (B) very loud and flashy(C) different from the woman’s (D) on agreement with the woman’s13. Apparently Jerome will occasionally wear the reddish suit if .(A) She is very good to him (B)she will leave him alone(C) she buys him more clothes (D) she gets a better education14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the woman?(A)She is married to a school teacher.(B)Her eyes move around a lot at times.(C)She is ten years older than Jerome.(D)She has found what she is looking for.15. According to the passage, which of the following can be concluded form the passage about this couple?(A)They will live happily ever after.(B)Their marriage is not harmonious.(C)The couple will adopt children.(D)They will become schoolteachers.Questions 16~20An anthropologist recorded the expenses for ceremonies he attended in a village in Thailand.The following chart provides information on the baths (Thai currency) spent for a wedding. Finances for a Single Wedding in Thailand Item Amount ExpensesRice 3 sacks 1,860 Pigs 2 head 3,500 Vegetables and Condiments1,440Invitations 150 Wedding Gown Rental 650 Flowers (300) Rental Equipment 1,800 Pictures (groom paid) (500) Room Decoration 3,000 Liquor 2,400 Musicians (groom paid)(500)Gifts to Mother-in-law 200 Cigarettes 360Other Gifts 520 Shoes 150Gold Bracelet 1,270 MiscellaneousTotal 17,800 Bride Price 30,000 From Groom’s Party5,000 From Other Guests 8,000 Other Gifts 750 Calculated Net-3,050Stated Net -4,000 16.The word “anthropologist” (line 1) means someone who .(A) studies the nature of man (B) arranges wedding ceremonies(C) keeps account for newly weds (D) records local events17.According to the information on the chart, the family hosting the ceremony .(A) was rich (B) ended up with a deficit(C) made a profit on gifts (D) relied totally on borrowed money18.From this chart, one could learnabout .(A) the Thai kinship structure (B) retail price for cigarettes(C) the nature and procedures of ritual(D) the importance of hospitality to the Thai19.The information on the chart best supports the idea that .(A)increased expenditure results inincreased earning in a village in Thailand (B)the economy has been stable for almostfifty years years in a village in Thailand (C)people spend more money on pork thanon other items at a Thai wedding(D)gifts to mother-in-law are the mostimportant for the groom at a Thai wedding20.In what major way is a Thai wedding different from an average Chinese wedding? (A) the provision of food (B) the giving of gifts(C) the payment of a bride price(D) the provision of entertainmentQuestions 21~25Computer people talk a lot about the needfor other people to become “computer-literate”, in other words, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that this is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers tothe people and make them “people-literate”. David first got the idea when he visited one of America’s best-known computer “guru”figure, Bob Albrecht, in the small university town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrecht has started a project called Computertown USA in the local library, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computers there, instead of borrowing library books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way.Over here, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied to a computer club. He insists there is a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs caterfor the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; they are not told what to do, they find out.David Tebbutt finds it in teresting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answers to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the experts listen to a lot of questions and then try to work out some structure to answer them. People are not having to learnComputer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming “people-literate”.21. According to David Tebbutt, the purpose of Computertown UK is .(A)to train people to understand howcomputers work(B)to make more computers available topeople(C)to enable more people to fix computersthemselves(D)to help people find out more aboutcomputers22. We learn from the passage that Computertown USA is located in . (A) the university town (B) the project center(C) the local library (D) the elementary school23. The phrase “take off”(paragraph 4) means .(A) transfer to another vessel (B) cause to lose weight(C) begin to develop markedly (D) cause to leave the ground24. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?(A)Computertowns in the UK have becomepopular.(B)Computertowns and clubs cater fordifferent people.(C)Computertowns are more successfulthan clubs.(D)Computertowns and clubs complementeach other.Questions 26~30Natural selection is the way nature chooses which organisms survive. Chance mutationsoccur in response to chemicals of certain energy in the electromagnetic spectrum. If the mutant is better adapted to the environment, it thrives. If not, it dies out or becomes rare.Humans have used artificial selection to reproduce plants and animals with desirable characteristics. Many of these domesticated plants and animals can no longer survive in the wild. Their survival depends on the maintenance of an artificial environment and the desires of people.People select certain desired traits such as color, beauty, or scent (as in roses). Other traits which are bred artificially include uniqueness (as in the neck plumage of the prized Jacobin pigeon), size (as in miniature horses), meat quality or milk yield (as in cattle), or resistance to disease (as in fungus-resistant tomatoes). The traits usually selected for convenience, pleasure, or financial gain of individuals. In this way,humans act as agents of evolution through artificial selection.Individual specimens with the desired traits are crossbred. The hybrid offspring are then inbred to preserve and fix the desirable characteristics and eliminate unfavorable characteristicsFrom the stock.A pure breed is formed when there is not any mixture of other genes over many generations. The American Kennel Club recognizes 121 breeds of purebred dogs. When ancestors of a pure breed are known and registered by a breed club, the dog is said to have a pedigree.26. Some people argue that it would do moreharm than good for plants and animals todevelop through artificial selection. Whichstatement best supports this argument?(A)Roses no longer smell like roses.(B)Purebred dogs are disappearing.(C)Humans are harmful agents of plantand animal evolution.(D)Many domesticated plants and animalscan no longer survive in the wild.27. The author cites the dog as an example ofartificial selection because of all thefollowing statements EXCEPTthat .(A)Dogs are domestic animals(B)The dog is one of nature’s survivors(C)Breeders register dogs to obtain apedigree(D)Humans have been the primary agentsin dog evolution28. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the result of artificial selection by humanity?(A)Many new kinds of plants and animalsare produced.(B)Financial gain is increased considerablyby producing better plants and animals.(C)Humans are able to control plant andanimal reproduction for humans’ pleasure.(D)It is necessary for humans to maintainthe artificial environments.29. Breeding the hybrid offspring to fix desirable traits is called .(A) naturally selecting (B) inbreeding(C) pedigree breeding (D) pure-breeding30. A farmer imported several fine long woolTomney sheep from Australia to breedwith his Debouittet sheep in hopes ofincreasing the value of the floc k’s wool.This is an example of .(A) pure-breeding (B) crossbreeding(C) reproducing (D) cloningSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person’s value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国、台湾是中国的一部分。
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第1阶段测试答案4
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第1阶段测试答案4上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试答案 any tickets for the Auto Show could have been sold, but the exhibition hall has only a capacity for 500 visitors.Ⅱ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following conversation.(Man) How do you feel today, Mary?(Woman) Not very well, John. I think I’ll stay at home today and rest.(Man) That’s good idea. I think you’ve been knocking yourself out day and night on that research project of yours. And I’m happy that you had finally handed in your report on tourism yesterday. You really could do with a rest. Well, is there anything I can do for you now?(Woman) Yes, there is. Actually. It’s very cold in here. Would you mind turning the air-conditioning off and opening the window?(Man) Not at all… there we are. Do you feel hungry? Shall I make you something to eat?(Woman) No, thanks, although I do feel quite thirsty. Could you bring me some water, please?(Man) Sure. Anything else?(Woman) Well, there were a couple of things that I had to do today. But I don’t really want to go outside.(Man) No, you should stay in bed. I’ll do them for you. What were they?(Woman) The books I borrowed from the library have to go back today, and I was going to post theletters I wrote yesterday…(Man) Don’t worry, I’ll take the books back to the library, and I can post the letters on the way.(Woman) That’s very kind of you, John.(Man) Can I get you anything from outside?(Woman) Well, a newspaper would be nice, and some magazines. If I’m going to be in bed all day, I’d like something to read.(Man) OK, I’ll pick those up for you on the way back from the library. Meanwhile, why don’t you try to get some sleep?(Woman) Yes, I will. Thanks, John.Question No.11. What do we learn about Mary?Question No.12. What has the woman been doing recently?Question No.13. What does the woman want the man to do?Question No.14. Why does Mary want a newspaper and some magazines?Questions 15 to 18 are based on the following talk.(Man) A。
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试试题集
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试试题集SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.It is common knowledge that computers can also produce something stupid, as some (1) put it, GIGO, or ’garbage in, garbage out’. This means that if inaccurate information is(2) a computer, the machine will produce the wrong information (3).The reason for this is that computers cannot think (4). For example, imagine that a computer is given the information that (5) has hour legs and that a dog has four legs. The machine might well (6) when producing a list of suggested living-room and dining-room furniture.But today, groups of (7) in the United States, Japan and Europe (8) a new type of computer. These new models will be incapable of makingsuch (9).Instead of being programmed with lots of unrelated (10), the new computers will contain knowledge of subjects that are (11). The machines will then(12) items of information, and will be able to reject conclusions that donot (13).These new computers will already know that dogs are animals that (14), bark, wag their tails and chase other animals. By (15) with features of living-room and dining-room furniture, the computer will conclude that a dog isan (16).Even a present-day computer could (17) if given enough information and enough time. But it has to consider (18) one at a time before selecting the best. This means that it would (19) for even the most powerful computer to reach a (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionⅠ. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Michelle wanted to work in London.(B) Michelle quitted his job in London.(C) Michelle asked for a vacation in London.(D) Michelle transferred his money to the London branch.2. (A) Doctor Carter avoids the company of others whenever possible.(B) Doctor Carter is too busy to have a cup of coffee.(C) Doctor Carter is a quite sociable person.(D) Doctor Carter is a lonely man, according to his colleagues.3. (A) Tom checked his embarrassment.(B) Tom bounced the ball against the telephone box.(C) Tom felt embarrassed when he was asked to have a physical check.(D) Tom was embarrassed when his check was returned as worthless.4. (A) We couldn’t have opened five supermarkets there.(B) To think that we have opened only five supermarkets there.(C) We thought that you wanted to open five supermarkets there.(D) We didn’t think that five supermarkets there were quite enough.5. (A) Mrs. Green had to rush to the airport to meet the CEO from Chicago.(B) Mrs. Green refused to attend the opening ceremony in Chicago last Tuesday.(C) Mrs. Green was scheduled to see someone from Chicago last Tuesday.(D) Mrs. Green didn’t accept the CEO’s invitation to work in Chicago at last.6. (A) I’ve never been a cooperative person. (B) I’m very ready to cooperate now.(C) I’ll be a corporate executive. (D) I never want to be an operator.7. (A) The general manager asked them to account for the lying of important documents.(B) The general manager refused to read those accounting papers.(C) The documents are so important that they should be kept in safer places.(D) It is important that the accountant lock his office before leaving for home.8. (A) Every year, the city authorities propose to improve the road conditions on the highway.(B) There have been arguments about the proposed highway extension for a long time.(C) The environmental protection groups are quite satisfied with the proposed highwayextension.(D) Both the administration and the environmentalists are against the building of a newhighway.9. (A) Good management seldom gets better work from employees.(B) Good management can make average employees work better.(C) Average employees can do excellent work under any circumstances.(D) Average employees cannot do excellent work, despite good management.10. (A) No more visitors can be allowed in the exhibition hall.(B) The exhibition hall can hold slightly over 250 visitors.(C) Five hundred visitors wanted to see the Auto Show.(D) More than one thousand visitors saw the Auto Show.Ⅰ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choice and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1411. (A) She is out of job. (B) She feels very tired.(C) She has a broken (D) She has a cold.12. (A) Traveling around the country (B) Training hard for a competition(C) Working on a research project (D) Writhing research paper on boxing13. (A) Stay in bed and get some sleep(B) Return the books and post the letters(C) Have a glass of water before going outside.(D) Write a letter of complaint about the air-conditioner14. (A) Because she has to write a report.(B) Because she has just returned from abroad.(C) Because she wants something to read.(D) Because she needs to find a new job.Questions 15~1815. (A)US census officials (B) Government employees(C) People who live in the city (D) Lawyers who work for the Church16. (A) London and Westminster (B) London and Birmingham(C) London and St Asaph (D) London and St Paul’s17. (A) It has a cathedral. (B) It has a population of 4000.(C) It has a large population. (D) It has a city hall.18. (A) Britain (B) USA(C) India (D) JapanQuestions 19~2219. (A) She’s got married. (B) She’s graduated from high school.(C) She’s spent her holiday (D) She’s moved to West Virginia.20. (A) She would have stayed in her hometown for the rest of her life.(B) She would have made a grave mistake in her life career.(C) She would have happy to come to the city to look for a job.(D) She would become a secretary to someone in her village.21. (A) She had left the place in which she was born.(B) She has not been given much job opportunity in the city.(C) She has so far no promotion or transfer.(D) She cannot avoid making mistakes in her routine work.22. (A) Her boyfriend. (B) Her colleague.(C) Her assistant. (D) Her former schoolmate. Questions 23~2623. (A) Keeping warm and dry (B) Drinking a lot of liquid(C) Living close to the hospital (D) Kissing the nose of an animal24. (A) Men who live in windy areas(B) Women who volunteered to stay outside(C) Travelers who take showers(D) People who are under stress25. (A) Because cold viruses can endure adverse climates.(B) Because winters are wet and cold.(C) Because people tend to stay more time indoors.(D) Because the disease may be caused by contaminated foods.26. (A) Men are more likely to suffer from colds.(B) No effective medicine has been found to cure colds.(C) In the winter, people should try to stay outdoors.(D) One could avoid catching colds by taking a hot bath every day.Questions 27~3027. (A) None (B) Thirteen(C) Fourteen (D) Fifteen28. (A) The housewife (B) The elder sisters(C) The servants (D) The nannies29. (A) They had to bring up their families.(B) They had no choice in selecting a spouse.(C) They had to work hard to support their families.(D)They had no chance to receive higher education.30. (A) A woman was financially dependent on her future husband.(B) A man had to ask a girl’s father for permission to marry her.(C) A woman should be ready to give up her job for the marriage.(D) A man should arrange a marriage ceremony in his father’s house.Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chineseand write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Ⅰ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B),(C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1~5In some rural agricultural societies, the collection of available fuel such as firewood, dung cake, and agricultural waste can take 200 to 300 person-days per year. As well as being time consuming, the typical patterns of collection lead to deforestation, soil erosion, and ecological imbalances. In the future, experts predict that even if food supplies are adequate for rural populations, fuel supplies for domestic use may not be. In the light of such considerations, a team in India has developed a solar oven for home use. The oven is cheaply constructed, easily operated, and extremely energy efficient. The device consists of an inner and outer metal box, a top cover, and two panes of plain glass. The inner box is painted black to absorb maximum solar radiation. The space between the two boxes is filled with an insulating material, such as rice husks, which are easily available and which, because of their high silicon content, neither attract insects nor rot easily. Other easily available materials for insulation are ground nutshells or coconut shells. An adjustable mirror mounted on one side of the oven box reflects the sunlight into the interior, boosting the temperatures by 15-30 degrees Celsius. This is most useful during the winter when the sun is lower. Inside the oven, a temperature between 80 and 120 degrees Celsius above ambient temperature can be maintained. This is sufficient to cook food gradually but surely. Trials have shown that all typical food dishes can be prepared in this solar device without loss of taste or nutrition.1.This passage is mainly about .(A) deforestation in the rural agricultural societies(B) use of rice husks as an insulation material(C) design and use of a solar oven(D) maintenance of temperature in a solar oven2. All of the following are mentioned as sources of energy of rural agricultural societies EXCEPT .(A) firewood (B) dung cake(C) solar power (D) agricultural waste3.The word “domestic”(paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) industrial (B) agricultural(C) natural (D) household4. According to the passage, the use of an adjustable mirror increases the oven temperature by .(A) 80-120 degrees Celsius (B) at least 80 degrees Celsius(C) up to 30 degrees Celsius (D) up to 15 degrees Celsius5.According to the passage, the adjustable mirror is most useful .(A) at midday (B) when it is cold(C) When firewood is lacking (D) in improving taste and nutritionQuestions 6~10There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave body to regulate these matters for itself. “The answer is easy,” says Dr.. A. Burton. “With the right amount of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings.” If he is right many people must be under sleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a grater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this many have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue.Other people feel sure that the present trend is towards too little sleep. To quoteone medical opinion, “Thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep; the reason is not that can’t sleep. Like advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press to quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue.”Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that more people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in, asserts: “It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so the majority sleep too much.” One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does them no harm. If one of the trends of evolutions is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the van of this advance.6.The author seems to indicate that .(A) there are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep(B) among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial(C) the right amount of sleep is topic of much controversy among doctors(D) people are now moving towards solving many controversial issues concerning sleep7.According to the author, sleeping habits .(A) are related to the amount of sleep(B) are inherited from the parents(C) vary from person to person(D) would not change in one’s lifetime8.The world “jeopardize” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to .(A) endeavor (B) endanger(C) endorse (D) endow9. In the last paragraph the author points out that .(A) sleeping less is good for human health(B) people ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before(C) it is incorrect to say that people too little(D) those who can sleep less should be encouraged10. We learn from the passage that the author .(A) revises someone else’s opinion(B) explains an opinion of his own(C) favors one of the three opinions(D) comments on three different opinionsQuestions 11~15She looked in the pockets of the black leather jacket he had reluctantly worn the night before. Three of his suits, a pair of blue twill work pants, an old gray sweater with a hood and pockets lay thrown across the bed. The jacket leather was sleazy and damply clinging to her hands. She had bought it for him, as well as the three suits: one light blue with side vents, one gold with green specks, and one reddish that had a silver imitation-silk vest. The pockets of the jacket came softly outward from the lining like skinny milk toast rats. Empty. Slowly she sank down on the bed and began to knead, with blunt anxious fingers, all the pockets in all the clothes piled around her. First the blue suit, then the gold with green, then the reddish one that he said he didn’t like most of all, but which he would sometimes wear if she agreed to stay home, or if she promised not to touch anywhere at all while he was getting dressed.She was a big awkward woman, with big bones and hard rubbery flesh. Her short arms ended in ham hands, and her neck was a squat roll of fat that protruded behind her head as a big bump. Her skin was rough and puffy, with plump mole like freckles down her cheeks. Her eyes glowered from under the mountain of her brow and were circled with expensive mauve shadow. They were nervous and quick when she was flustered and darted about at nothing in particular while she was dressing hair or talking to people.Her troubles started noticeably when she fell in love with a studiously quiet schoolteacher, Mr. Jerome Franklin Washington III, who was ten years younger than her. She told herself that she shouldn’t want him, he was so little and cute and young, but when she took into account that he was a schoolteacher, well, she just couldn’t seem to get any rest until, as she put it, “I were Mr. And Mrs. Jerome Franklin Washington the third, and that’s the truth!”11. The word “sleazy” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) lacking moisture (B) lacking persistence(C) lacking substance (D) lacking confidence12. Jerome’s taste in clothing is probably .(A) worse than the woman’s (B) very loud and flashy(C) different from the woman’s (D) on agreement with the woman’s13. Apparently Jerome will occasionally wear the reddish suit if .(A) She is very good to him (B) she will leave him alone(C) she buys him more clothes (D) she gets a better education14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the woman?(A) She is married to a school teacher.(B) Her eyes move around a lot at times.(C) She is ten years older than Jerome.(D) She has found what she is looking for.15. According to the passage, which of the following can be concluded form the passage about this couple?(A) They will live happily ever after.(B) Their marriage is not harmonious.(C) The couple will adopt children.(D) They will become schoolteachers.Questions 16~20An anthropologist recorded the expenses for ceremonies he attended in a village in Thailand. The following chart provides information on the baths (Thai currency) spent for a wedding.Finances for a Single Wedding in ThailandItem AmountExpensesRice 3 sacks 1,860Pigs 2 head 3,500 Vegetables and Condiments 1,440Invitations 150Wedding Gown Rental 650Flowers (300)Rental Equipment 1,800Pictures (groom paid) (500)Room Decoration 3,000Liquor 2,400Musicians (groom paid) (500)Gifts to Mother-in-law 200Cigarettes 360Other Gifts 520Shoes 150Gold Bracelet 1,270MiscellaneousTotal 17,800Bride Price 30,000From Groom’s Party 5,000From Other Guests 8,000Other Gifts 750Calculated Net -3,050Stated Net -4,00016.The word “anthropologist” (line 1) means someone who .(A) studies the nature of man (B) arranges wedding ceremonies(C) keeps account for newly weds (D) records local events17.According to the information on the chart, the family hosting the ceremony .(A) was rich (B) ended up with a deficit(C) made a profit on gifts (D) relied totally on borrowed money18.From this chart, one could learn about .(A) the Thai kinship structure (B) retail price for cigarettes(C) the nature and procedures of ritual (D) the importance of hospitality to the Thai19.The information on the chart best supports the idea that .(A) increased expenditure results in increased earning in a village in Thailand(B) the economy has been stable for almost fifty years years in a village in Thailand(C) people spend more money on pork than on other items at a Thai wedding(D) gifts to mother-in-law are the most important for the groom at a Thai wedding20.In what major way is a Thai wedding different from an average Chinese wedding?(A) the provision of food (B) the giving of gifts(C) the payment of a bride price (D) the provision of entertainment。
英语中级口译历真题答案
英语中级口译历真题答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：21999.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. tastes or preference2. values3. type of attitude4. indicate5. upset6. rather than7. include 8. public places9. feel very strongly 10. our personality11. important things 12. get on with13. all the time 14. objects or events15. complete stating 16. statements17. simply stating 18. so rude19. deeply held view 20. no matter whoPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 AABBB 6-10 DCDBD11-15 DACCA 16-20 DACBD21-25 DCCBD 26-30 ACDBBPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ.Sentence Translation1.天然材料通常要比人工产品昂贵的多。
2.我很遗憾，你必须至少提前14天预定机票，才能打到七折/减30%票价。
3.既然我们在技术上不能和他们相比，我们决意在热情和苦干方面胜过他们。
4.我因为已经约好看牙医，所以不能出席明天的董事会议。
5.在这里外事办公室的人员千方百计尽可能地帮助你。
我们会帮你解决护照或签证问题、财政问题，乃至个人问题。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation1.妇女解放运动已成功地清除了那些曾经将妇女阻挡在（专门）职业外的障碍。
口译试题2
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试(TEST BOOK)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolut ion and you‟ll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: …Go away, you _____________ (8).‟ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o‟clock smile: …Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in t he morning.‟ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)! Then you have ___________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o‟clock in the morning; _____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o‟clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; _____________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ (18). I sleep at five o‟clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ (19) during the day; I have the _____________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.1. (A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B) The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C) I don‟t watch TV that much, because of the omniprese nt advertisements.(D) I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. (A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B) The plane arrived at 8:00.(C) The plane arrived at 9:00.(D) The plane arrived at 10:00.3. (A) I‟ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B) I‟ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C) It‟s obvious that I‟ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D) It‟s out of question that I should get into any agr eement with you.4. (A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B) Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C) It‟d be better if no one had attended this morning‟s committee meeting..(D) The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. (A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B) Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C) There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D) People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. (A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. (A) For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curious about other people‟s restatements.(D) Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We‟d better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. (A) I don‟t think you have more to say on that topic.(B) I think we‟d better talk about that in detail sometime later.(C) I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.(D) I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and the questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Question 11--1411. (A) Two(B) Three(C) Four(D) Five12. (A) A profit-making private school.(B) A non-profit-making independent school.(C) A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.(D) A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. (A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15--1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. (A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B) The American Heritage Dictionary(C) The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D) The Drinking Water Dictionary17. (A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B) It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.(C) It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D) It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. (A) A school dictionary.(B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary.(D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19--2219. (A) He‟s bought his wife a present.(B) He‟s missed an important phone call.(C) He‟s dismissed his new secretary.(D) He‟s popped out shopping.20. (A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B) Offering special reductions.(C) Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D) Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. (A) Upside down and inside out.(B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs.(D) With its pattern upside down.22. (A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23--2623. (A) That of a creator.(B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver.(D) That of a performer.24. (A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B) Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C) Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D) Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. (A) In the elevator.(B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom.(D) In the church.26. (A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B) By taking a sonic bath.(C) By attending classical concerts.(D) By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27--3027. (A) His grandfather‟s house.(B) His parents‟ remarks.(C) A magazine.(D) A coursebook.28. (A) Enjoying visiting zoos.(B) Driving a car.(C) Making money.(D) Taking kids to a museum.29. (A) It died a few years ago.(B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend.(D) It is a living dinosaur.30. (A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B) No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C) There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D) The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions:In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can‟t afford one.The suspect returns to court a we ek or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney‟s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.(B) The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.(C) Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.(D) The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows …in other words‟ (para.1)?(A) An example of the previous sentence.(B) A new idea about the court system.(C) An item of evidence to call for a trial.(D) A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, …he can go free‟ (para.3) means _________.(A) the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him(B) the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent(C) the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not(D) the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?(A) To pay for the judge and the trial.(B) To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.(C) To ensure that the suspect will return to court.(D) To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.(B) The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.(C) It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.(D) The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6--10So you‟ve got an invention—you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you‟ve invented a lawnm ower which cuts grass with a jet of water (not so daft, someone has invented one), is how to ensure you‟re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London‟s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The building houses the Patent Office. It‟s an ant heap of corridors, offices and filing rooms—a sorting house and s torage depot for one of the world‟s biggest and most varied collections of technical data. Some ten million patents—English and foreign—are listed there.File after file, catalogue after catalogue detail the brain-children of inventors down the centuries, from a 1600‟s machine gun designed to fire square bullets at infidels and round ones at Christians, to present-day laser, nuclear and computer technology.The first …letters patent‟ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to …import into this country‟ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost £165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That‟s if he‟s lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner (Administration), who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—…ingenuity‟.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.(A) keep their ideas from being stolen(B) reap the rewards of somebody else‟s ingenuity(C) visit the patent office building(D) come up with more new devices7. The phrase …the brain-children of inventors‟ (para.5) means _________.(A) the children with high intelligence(B) the inventions that people come up with(C) a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis(D) a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600‟s machine gun and the present-day laser in common?(A) Both were approved by the monarch.(B) Both were granted by King Henry VI.(C) Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.(D) Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?(A) He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.(B) He is the first person to be granted an official patent.(C) He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.(D) He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?(A) It is rather expensive.(B) It is an impossible task.(C) It is extremely difficult.(D) It is very tricky.Questions 11--15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structures evolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters (if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone) and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutions commonly called …brine‟ does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.(A) consuming all the grain themselves(B) generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature(C) increasing the moisture content in the grain(D) attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________.(A) expresses doubts about direct smoking(B) describes salting and pickling as ineffective(C) condemns direct drying(D) mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.(A) it exposes them to insects(B) it makes them hard(C) it damages the protein(D) it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.(A) destroying the protein(B) drawing away moisture from the food(C) drying the food in the sun(D) dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.(A) it damages the protein less(B) it can be combined with pickling(C) it leaves the inside moist(D) it makes the food softQuestions 16--20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.(A) to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B) to process information as fast as possible(C) to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D) to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.(A) their greater speed of operation(B) their control of the product quality(C) their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D) their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.(A) plenty of information(B) surplus human energy(C) destructive outbursts(D) less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of …stint‟ (para.4)?(A) Effort.(B) Force.(C) Excess.(D) Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B) Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C) The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D) Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.。
1997_3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试[参考答案]
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1997.3 上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案：SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Diction1. like a rocket2. crew3. cargo-hold4. laboratory5. plan6. in advance7. every week 8. next9. convenience 10.immense opportunities11. reusable 12.space station13. piece by piece 14. for the rest15. commonplace 16. platforms17. solar system 18. developed and available19. technology 20. extensive programmesPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 A A C A A 6-10 B B D B D11-15 A B D D D 16-20 B D A D C21-25 B C C D B 26-30 A D C A CPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ.Sentence Translation1. 纽约有一场大雾，我们在那里被耽搁了。
2. 在中国逗留期间，我们希望了解能否在此开一家新德分支机构。
3. 我希望下星期某个时候能与安妮会面。
星期一上午合适吗？4. 如果你有合格德资历与经验，工资会略微高一点。
5. 他刚开始工作后，发现（工作）比他期望的要困难得多。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation1. 我是10年前到美国的，但我非常清楚地记得那一天。
飞机下午三点钟降落在肯尼迪机场时，我德朋友在迎候着我。
天气很冷，下着雪，我却兴奋，一点也不在乎。
2. 从监狱里获释的人当中大约有七成迟早会再进监狱。
2001_3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
沪江英语2001.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Many people nowadays are concerned about violence on television. Most of them fear that it stimulates (1) to violent or aggressive acts. However, in my lecture today, I’d like to show you, from our (2), that the consequences of experiencing television’s symbolic world of violence can be much (3).We have found that television dramatically demonstrates not only the (4) in our society, but also the risks involved in breaking society’s rules. Violence-filled programs on television show us who (5) what, and against whom. These programs teach the role of victim, and help us to accept violence as (6) which we must learn to live with or (7).We have found that people who watch a lot of television see the real world as more (8) than those who watch very little. Heavy TV viewers are (9) of strangers on the street and more fearful of the world. Their fear may well bring increasing demands for(10), and election of law-and-order politicians. When we asked viewers to(11) their own chances of being involved in some type of violence during any given week, they provide (12) that television can induce fear and alertness: the heavy viewers were (13) percent more likely than the light viewers to pick such fearful estimates as 50-50 or one in 10, (14) a more plausible one in 100.We have found that violence on prime-time (15) cultivates exaggerated assumptions about the (16) in the real world. Fear is a universal emotion, and naturally, easy to (17). The exaggerated sense of risk and insecurity my lead to increasing demands for protection, and to(18) for the use of force by established authority. Therefore, instead of stimulating individual(19) and threatening the social order, television may have become our chief instrument of (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionⅠ. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must1沪江英语listen carefully. When you hear s statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) I was the last to know about the MBA program.(B) I learned a great deal from the MBA program.(C) I misunderstood only the most difficult part of the program.(D) I dropped out of the program because it was difficult.2. (A) Our fall schedule will be discussed next Monday and Tuesday.(B) The Vice President has more meetings than her assistants do.(C) The Vice President and her assistants are not available on Monday and Tuesday.(D) The Vice President and her assistants usually have full schedules two days a week.3. (A) Few people did shopping at the supermarket because of the holiday break.(B) Most people did not like shopping during the holiday break.(C) The general manager was surprised that people paid little attention to his supermarkets.(D) The general manager did not expect to see so many customers at his supermarkets.4. (A) I don’t think he has the qualifications for such a post.(B) I am not sure if he has enough money to pay his college tuition.(C) He is not qualified to teach in the advanced Computing program.(D) He takes courses in Computing because he needs more qualifications.5. (A) Nothing can stop Jack from buying that projector.(B) The projector is so old that it becomes useless.(C) Repairing the projector is quite easy for Jack.(D) Jack has checked and found nothing in the projector.6. (A) Jenny and I do not get along because of our differences of opinion.(B) Jenny and I usually get up early most of the mornings.(C) Jenny and I can generally have a harmonious relationship.(D) Jenny and I do not get along because we make no effort to do so.7. (A) Typing the memorandum is sometimes unnecessary.(B) You will understand it if you read the memorandum a second time.(C) The first draft of the memorandum is not satisfactory.(D) The first draft of the memorandum is better than the second. one.8. (A) The study of inflation has interested both economists and government officials.(B) The rate of inflation is higher than they expected.(C) Economists can not slow down the inflation rate.(D) Government officials and economists do not agree on the inflation rate.9. (A) Our company will arrange an exhibit for the Science and Technology Week.(B) Our company has been upset by the city authorities’ final decision.(C) We are displeased with the arrangement of the Science and Technology Week.(D) We have dissuaded the city authorities from setting up the week’s display.10. (A) Scientists have found a cure for the common cold in the past century.2沪江英语(B) Scientific discoveries were often misunderstood by the common people.(C) Scientists have yet to discover effective ways to conquer the cold virus.(D) Scientist have been unable to explain the cold climate in the past century.Ⅱ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few question. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1411. (A) She received an emergency call the previous day.(B) She has never been to the city before.(C) She was invited to attend a wedding ceremony.(D) She’d like to spend the weekend there.12. (A) In a minute. (B) In less than half an hour.(C) At 111:13. (D) At noon.13. (A) Someone to talk with (B) Interesting books to read.(C) Something to eat and drink. (D) Puzzles and crossword games.14. (A) Thirteen pennies. (B) Fifty pennies.(C) A pound. (D) Half price.Question 15~1815. (A) Winter. (B) Spring.(C) Summer. (D) Fall.16. (A) 150 kilometres. (B) 240 kilometres.(C) 300 kilometres.. (D) 480 kilometres.17. (A) It is cold and dry,(B) It has a variety of climates.(C) It is largely predictable.(D) It snows in winter and rains in summer.18. (A) Because they have milder and warmer climates.(B) Because they have built more holiday inns and hotels.(C) Because they are located in the tropical region.(D) Because they are abundant in cheap flowers and vegetables.Questions 19~2219. (A) They don’t like food from other countries.(B) They don’t bother much about what they eat.(C) They fell that their food is better than any other in the world.3沪江英语(D) They really enjoy tinned and frozen foods.20. (A) Snack. (B) Breakfast.(C) Lunch. (D) Dinner.21. (A) Eat out in a foreign restaurant. (B) Prepare a big meal at home.(C) Tour around the world (D) Give a birthday party.22. (A) Because it is full of foreign tourists.(B) Because it has got a lot of foreign restaurants.(C) Because it is an ideal place for buying frozen foods.(D) Because it has attracted many college students.Questions 23~2623. (A) It is a free meal offered by TV producers.’(B) It is an evening meal to strengthen the family relationship.(C) It is a kind of snack food, especially for TV viewers.(D) It can be prepared by children, regardless of their age.24. (A) The preparation stage and the eating stage.(B) The preparation stage and the clean-up stage.(C) The eating stage and the clean-up stage.(D) The watch-TV stage and the talking stage.25. (A) They helped with setting the dinner table.(B) They washed and cut the vegetables and meats.(C) They watched TV programs in the sitting room.(D) They went out to buy TV dinners for the family.26. (A) Just a few minutes. (B) About 20 minutes.(C) Over 30 minutes. (D) As long as the commercial break lastsQuestions 27~3027. (A) A wine-bar attendant. (B) A musical artist.(C) A computer programmer. (D) An accountant.28. (A) Central London. (B) North London.(C) South-east London. (D) West London.29. (A) Playing the piano. (B) Teaching music.(C) Managing concerts. (D) Helping to run a charity.30. (A) Doing a home concert.(B) Finding a part-time job.(C) Giving piano recitals in the North.(D) Entering for a competition.Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence Translation4沪江英语Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages, you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKLLS (50 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer your have chosen in the corresponding5沪江英语space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year (out of a total school-age population of 20 million) suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism.A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room, receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school.School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth.The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “The problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.”1. The author chooses to write about school phobia because .(A) it is something new in Japan.(B) Most children have developed the disease(C) Its symptoms are not easily perceptible(D) An alarming proportion of Japanese children suffer from it2. Which of the following is the purpose of the second paragraph?(A) To show that school phobia can be cured.(B) To suggest a way to deal with school phobia.(C) To describe the cause of school phobia.(D) To present a typical case of school phobia.3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) School phobia, which is widespread in many countries, is no cause for alarm.6沪江英语(B) The problem of school phobia in Japan can not be solved unless it gets rid of its socialevils.(C) Despite school phobia the Japanese educational system remains on of the best in theworld.(D) Unrelenting pressures in the Japanese society contribute greatly to success.4. From the last paragraph, we know that the causes of school phobia .(A) can be easily determined(B) are complex and manifold(C) lie exclusively in the Japanese educational system(D) originate from the Japanese way of bringing up children5. The world “unrelenting” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to .(A) unreasoning (B) continuous(C) limitless (D) unpleasantQuestions 6~10I left hospital in a taxi on the tenth day with Octavia in my arms and Lydia by my side. I was excited at the thought of getting home and having my baby to myself, but the cold of the outside air must have startled her, for she began to scream and screech violently in the taxi, and when we got home I did not quite know what to do. In hospital she had always been so quiet and sweet. I laid her down in her basket, but the mattress was a different shape from the hospital cot, and she looked strange and uncomfortable and screamed all the more fiercely. She looked odd, too, in her own Viyella nighties, after the regulation garments she had worn all her life until that afternoon. She went on and on crying, and I began to think that she would never adapt to real life. Lydia was getting almost as worried as I was, and after a while she said, as we both sate miserably and watched this small furious person, “Why don’t you feed her? That would shut her up, wouldn’t it?”I looked at my watch; it was half past four.“It’s not time to feed her yet,” I said. “In hospital, we had to feed them on the dot at five.”“Oh,” said Lydia, “half an hour one way or the other can’t make much difference.”“Don’t you think so?” I said. “But then she’ll wake half an hour early at the next feed, and the next, and the next, and then what will I do?”“It wouldn’t matter, would it?”“I don’t know. I somehow feel thins would get all muddled and never get straight again. She was good and reasonable in hospital. And then she’ll get confused, and how will she ever know when it’s night time? How will she ever learn that it’s night?”“I should feed her,” said Lydia. “It looks to me as though she’s going to have a fit.”I didn’t think she would have a fit, but I couldn’t stand the sound of her crying, so I picked her out and fed her, and she became quiet at once, and fell asleep afterwards looking as though her mattress and nightdress were very comfortable after all. On the other hand, she did wake half an hour early at the next feed, and went on and on waking earlier, until we worked right back7沪江英语round the clock, for the truth was that she never went four hours but only three and a half. Looking back on it, it doesn’t seem to matter at all, but it seemed very important at the time. I remember. It took her ages, moreover, to learn about night and day, and in the end I concluded that they and been giving her secret bottles in the night at the hospital.However, on the whole, things worked out very well. I had a subsidized home help to begin with, and after a fortnight or so this woman whom Lydia had discovered, an amiable fat lady named Mrs Jennings, came in two days a week while dashed off to the library between feeds. Mrs Jennings adored babies, and I found that all her chat little darling tiny things, and where’s here little tootsie, fell quite naturally and indeed gratefully upon my ears.6. Octavia looked odd to her mother because .(A) the Viyella nighties were newly bought(B) her nightie was the wrong size(C) her clothes weren’t her usual ones(D) the mattress was bigger than the one in the cot7. Why did Lydia suggest feeding the baby?(A) She found it was almost feeding time.(B) She obviously didn’t like the noise.(C) She could see Octavia was hungry.(D) She believed it was better to feed her more.8. The mother didn’t want to feed the crying baby because the thought .(A) it was too early to feed her(B) the baby wanted to be fed at five(C) the baby couldn’t be hungry at the moment(D) it would stop the baby sleeping at night9. The mother believed that in the hospital .(A) they had told her all the truth(B) they had confused the baby(C) the baby had been underfed at night(D) there were things she hadn’t been told10. We learn from the passage that Mrs. Jennings .(A) first came in on a fortnight’s trial(B) helped the author with the baby(C) was found by Lydia in the library(D) was not qualified for baby-sittingQuestions 11~15When the television is good, nothing—not the theatre, not the magazines, or newspapers—nothing is better. But when television is bad, nothing is worse. In invite you to sit down it front of your television set when your station goes on the air and stay there without a book, magazine, newspaper, or anything else to distract you and keep your eyes glued to that set until the station8沪江英语signs off. I can assure you that you will observe a vast wasteland. You will see a procession of game shows, violence, audience-participation shows, formula comedies about totally unbelievable families, blood and thunder, mayhem, more violence, sadism, murder, Western badmen, Western goodmen, private eyes, gangster, still more violence, and cartoons. And endlessly, commercials that scream and cajole and offend. And most of all, boredom. True, you will see a few things you will enjoy. But they will be very, very few. And if you think I exaggerate, try it.Is there no room on television to teach, to inform, to uplift, to stretch, to enlarge the capacities of our children? Is there no room for programs to deepen the children understatanding of children in other lands? Is there no room for a children’s news show explaining something about the world for them at their level of understanding？Is there no room of reading the great literature of the past, teaching them the great traditions of freedom?There are some fine children’s shows, but they are drowned out in the massive doses of cartoons, violence, and more violence. Must these be your trademarks? Search your conscience and see whether you cannot offer more to your young beneficiaries whose future you guard so many hours each and every day.There are many people in this great country, and you must serve all of us. You will get no argument from me if you say that, given a choice between a Western and a symphony, more people will watch the Western. I like Westerns and private eyes, too—but a steady diet for the whole country is obviously not in the public interest. We all know that people would more often prefer to be entertained than stimulated or informed. But your obligations are not satisfied if you look only to popularity as a test of what to broadcast. You are not only in show business; you are free to communicate ideas as well as to give relaxation. You must provide a wider range of choices, more diversity, more alternatives. It is not enough to cater to the nation’s whims—you must also serve the nation’s needs. The people own the air. They own it as much in prime evening time as they do at six o’clock in the morning. For every hour that the people give you—you owe them something. I intend to see that your debt is paid with service.11. The word “wasteland” (para.1) is used to describe .(A) western badlands (B) average television programs(C) TV film studios (D) theatrical plays12. Concerning programs for children, it may be inferred that the author believes that suchprograms should .(A) include no cartoons at all(B) include cultural and educational elements(C) be presented without commercial interruption(D) not deal with the Old West13. The statement “The people own the air.” (para. 4) implies .(A) Since they pay for watching television, they have a right to choose their favoriteprograms(B) They want to enjoy fresh air, because the air in the TV studio is polluted9沪江英语(C) They have the right to insist on worthwhile TV programs(D) They are obliged to air their views on public affairs14. Which of the following is NOT suggested in the passage(A) The needs of minorities must be met by television.(B) TV programs should be not only entertaining but also informative.(C) Violence is not a good ingredient for children’s television show.(D) Children’s television programs are uniformly terrible.15. The passage is most probably part of .(A) a scientific report (B) a newspaper editorial(C) a public speech (D) an academic paperQuestions 16~20With rapid growth identified as the most pressing of global population problems, the scene shifts immediately to villages in rural Kenya or urban slums in Karaas or bedrooms in Sedale where couples are making decisions about their reproductive behavior. Unlike other global issues which can be shaped directly by the actions of national and international power brokers, resolution of the problems posed by the magnitude and pace of contemporary population growth in the world ultimately depends upon the actions and behavior of a very large number of individual actors. Rapid population growth is the direct result of regular decistions made in private by literally many millions of persons throughout the world.Hence, we are all actors in the population drama. Each of us has the potential to aggravate the problem of rapid growth just as each of us can change the distribution of populations simply by moving. Population trends therefore represent nothing more than the combined decisions of many individuals, couples, and families. And, because these decisions are shaped and conditioned by commonly held values, goals, and aspirations, there are patterns to them and the actors appear to follow the broad outlines of a script.It is then evident that efforts to decrease the rate of population growth must eventually influence the decisions and behavior of many millions of couples if they are to be successful. V alues and attitudes—the script that guides this behavior—must be a altered. To be even more specific, it means that couples, overwhelmingly poor and predominantly rural, in Africa, Asia, and Latin America where population growth is so high, must choose to limit the number of their children to fewer than three and must have the means to accomplish their goal. Similarly, couples in Europe, North America, and other low-fertility regions must continue to maintain their present patterns of having small families. Each couple must stick to its decision for some twenty to thirty years, or throughout their reproductive life span. In the economically less-developed world, this decision will be one that stands in stark contrast to those made by their parents and to the weight of cultural tradition.16. It can be concluded from the passage that .(A) large families may be considered as a heavy burden by the rural poor(B) the actions of national and international power brokers have an important effect upon10the decision made by the rural poor(C) the actions of those with the highest fertility, the rural poor, ultimately determine therate of population growth(D) having large families had more advantages than disadvantages in those poor areas17. The word “aggravate” (para 2) is closest in meaning to “”.(A) make clear (B) encounter(C) settle (D) make serious18. According to the author, the most effective way to decrease the rate of population growthis .(A) by making it a national policy that each couple must not give birth to more than threechildren(B) by exerting more international pressure upon those high-fertility regions(C) by modifying the widely held values which guide the actions of many individuals andcouples(D) by providing the rural poor with means for limiting the family size19. It is obvious that the author of the passage .(A) shows indifference to the situation in the developed countries(B) is very concerned about global population problems(C) feels confident that the problem of population growth can be soon resolved(D) is pessimistic about the future of those high-fertility20. The author has written the passage mainly for .(A) general readers (B) power brokers(C) economists (D) decision makersQuestions 21~25Sixty percent of all ethnic minorities in Britain live in London. Ethnic minorities only make up a small fraction of Britain’s population as a whole, but coming to London you could quite easily be mistaken for thinking there were many more. I have taken this for granted having grown up with this fantastic diversity of culture, background and influence. I have people all around me who talk with varying accents, speak different languages, share distinct foods and celebrate special festivals. However, London is far from being without its racial problems.The Campaign Against Racism and Fascism (CARF), a London based group, tells me that there is little doubt that, with the massive upsurge of xenophobia against asylum-seekers too, the fallout is affecting anyone perceived to be foreign or different. Recent attacks on black people have a ferocity that appalls police and community organizers a like. On March 4th this year, a 19-year-old Sudanese student, unconcernedly chatting to his white friend on a bus traveling through Wardsworth in south London, was suddenly stabbed in the stomach three times by a white youth brandishing a knife.Police investigations on this and other racist attacks have left many doubting the police’s supposed commitment to tackling racial crime. Some say it has all been talk about targetindicators with few results on the ground. But on March 24th this year, the Met. Police’s Racial and Violent Crimes Task Force, drawing on the slow, painstaking intelligence on racial harassment gathered by their 32 Community Safety Units, carried out its first large-scale operation. In dawn raids on homes in all over London, one hundred people were arrested for offenses including racially aggravated criminal damage, grievous bodily harm, distributing racist literature and threats to kill. Over thirty people have been charged with racial offenses.Every year on our August public holiday, London, especially Notting Hill, comes alive for the Carnival. This celebration of variety, difference and the end of slavery—where I have seen people of all backgrounds, mixing, laughing and dancing together—is, I hope, the future of inter-racial relations in London.20. The word “this” in “I have taken this for granted” (para. 1) refers to which of the following?(A) Sixty percent of all ethnic minorities in UK live in London.(B) Minorities only constitute a small part of UK’s population.(C) There are more minority people in Britain than it appears.(E) It is unwise for many more to come to London.21. The killing of the Sudanese student is to illustrate .(A) the brutality of attacks on black people(B) the fallout affecting anyone in poverty(C) the traffic problems in south London(D) the unconcerned attitude of police23. The word “xenophobia” (para. 2) means “.”(A) partiality (B) arbitariness(C) discrimination (D) antipathy24. The word “intelligence” (para. 3) is closest in meaning to “.”(A) mentality (B) aptitude(C) information (D) interpretation25. What is the main topic of this passage?(A) The increasing rate of crime in London.(B) The center of England’s cultural diversity.(C) The people’s criticism of London police.(D) The poor inter-racial relations in London.Question 26~30Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary. According to established formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse。
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试参考答案
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试参考答案参考答案:SECTION 1：LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. government success2. talk about3. press conferences4. alert foreign correspondents5. local officials6. write their stories7. eye witness 8. opposition politicians9. check information 10. close to it11. inform other people 12. in an interesting way13. only one chance 14. element of repetition15. at the start of a report 16. shorten17. match the subject matter 18. royal wedding19. plane crash 20. making it difficult to understandPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 D B D C B 6-10 C A D A D11-15 B A C A B 16-20 D A C B BSECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 A B A B C 6-10 B C C D B11-15 C D C D B 16-20 C B D C BSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST自达尔文以来，生物学家们一直坚信，大自然的运作是没有计划的或者是没有意义的，它不会通过直接的设计途径去追求目标。
但是，今天我们知道，这一信念是个严重错误。
为什么恰如达尔文所理解和描述的进化就该是无计划、无理性的呢？当飞机设计工程师们利用风洞对大量的、根据统计数据制造的机体模型的耐用性能进行检试，以从中选出功能的设计时，物理学家经过上万次的计算机运算，试图找出是哪些材料、以怎样的结合方式、以及什么的结构形式才最适宜用于原子核反应堆的建造时，我们能够说这中间没有自然选择的过程么？他们也未进行事先设计的适应性调节，而是根据选择原理开展工作的。
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试答案
上海市英语中级⼝译资格证书第⼀阶段考试答案SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. computer programmer2. entered into3. in return4. as human beings do5. a table6. include a dog7. computer scientists8. are working on9. simple mistakes10. piece of information11. related12. compare and contrast13. make any sense14. eat bones15. comparing this knowledge16. inappropriate selection17. make this choice18. alternative solutions19. take some time20. simple conclusionPart B: Listening Comprehension1—5 A C D A C 6 —10 B C B B A11—15 B C B C C 16—20 A C D C A21—25 C B D D C 26—30 B B C B BPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence Translation1. 假如你已决定明天晚上启程出席年度交易会的话，我们可以到国际机场为你送⾏。
2. 我们这家制造公司是如此之⼤，以⾄于市⾥⼏乎每⼀家超市或百货商店都出售我们的产品。
3. 同传统的⽅式相⽐，电⼦商务可以提供更多的信息和机会，简化商业交易，同时可以降低贸易成本。
4. 在我看来：代与代之间的兴趣差别始终存在，所谓的代沟⼀点⼉也不是⼀种新的现象。
5. 假如你需要所有的细节，我们会通过邮件快递服务为你寄上⼩册⼦，⾥⾯列举了我们所有的产品及其价格。
2022年上海市英语中级口译笔试与答案
.9上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.It is common knowledge that computers can also produce something stupid, as some(1) put it, GIGO, or ’garbage in, garbage out’. This means that if inaccurate information is(2) a computer, the machine will produce the wrong information (3).The reason for this is that computers cannot think (4). For example, imagine that a computer is given the information that (5) has hour legs and that a dog has four legs. The machine might well (6) when producing a list of suggested living-room and dining-room furniture.But today, groups of (7) in the United States, Japan and Europe (8) a new type of computer. These new models will be incapable of making such (9).Instead of being programmed with lots of unrelated (10), the new computers will contain knowledge of subjects that are (11). The machines will then(12) items of information, and will be able to reject conclusions that do not (13).These new computers will already know that dogs are animals that (14), bark, wag their tails and chase other animals. By (15) with features of living-roomand dining-room furniture, the computer will conclude that a dog is an (16).Even a present-day computer could (17) if given enough information and enough time. But it has to consider (18) one at a time before selecting the best. This means that it would (19) for even the most powerful computer to reach a (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionⅠ. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Michelle wanted to work in London.(B) Michelle quitted his job in London.(C) Michelle asked for a vacation in London.(D) Michelle transferred his money to the London branch.2. (A) Doctor Carter avoids the company of others whenever possible.(B) Doctor Carter is too busy to have a cup of coffee.(C) Doctor Carter is a quite sociable person.(D) Doctor Carter is a lonely man, according to his colleagues.3. (A) Tom checked his embarrassment.(B) Tom bounced the ball against the telephone box.(C) Tom felt embarrassed when he was asked to have a physical check.(D) Tom was embarrassed when his check was returned as worthless.4. (A) We couldn’t have opened five supermarkets there.(B) To think that we have opened only five supermarkets there.(C) We thought that you wanted to open five supermarkets there.(D) We didn’t t hink that five supermarkets there were quite enough.5. (A) Mrs. Green had to rush to the airport to meet the CEO from Chicago.(B) Mrs. Green refused to attend the opening ceremony in Chicago last Tuesday.(C) Mrs. Green was scheduled to see someone from Chicago last Tuesday.(D) Mrs. Green didn’t accept the CEO’s invitation to work in Chicago at last.6. (A) I’ve never been a cooperative person.(B) I’m very ready to cooperate now.(C) I’ll be a corporate executive.(D) I never want to be an operator.7. (A) The general manager asked them to account for the lying of important documents.(B) The general manager refused to read those accounting papers.(C) The documents are so important that they should be kept in safer places.(D) It is important that the accountant lock his office before leaving for home.8. (A) Every year, the city authorities propose to improve the road conditions on the highway.(B) There have been arguments about the proposed highway extension for a long time.(C) The environmental protection groups are quite satisfied with the proposed highwayextension.(D) Both the administration and the environmentalists are against the building of a newhighway.9. (A) Good management seldom gets better work from employees.(B) Good management can make average employees work better.(C) Average employees can do excellent work under any circumstances.(D) Average employees cannot do excellent work, despite good management.10. (A) No more visitors can be allowed in the exhibition hall.(B) The exhibition hall can hold slightly over 250 visitors.(C) Five hundred visitors wanted to see the Auto Show.(D) More than one thousand visitors saw the Auto Show.Ⅱ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choice and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1411. (A) She is out of job. (B) She feels very tired.(C) She has a broken (D) She has a cold.12. (A) Traveling around the country (B) Training hard for a competition(C) Working on a research project (D) Writhing research paper on boxing13. (A) Stay in bed and get some sleep(B) Return the books and post the letters(C) Have a glass of water before going outside.(D) Write a letter of complaint about the air-conditioner14. (A) Because she has to write a report.(B) Because she has just returned from abroad.(C) Because she wants something to read.(D) Because she needs to find a new job.Questions 15~1815. (A)US census officials (B) Government employees(C) People who live in the city (D) Lawyers who work for the Church16. (A) London and Westminster (B) London and Birmingham(C) London and St Asaph (D) London and St Paul’s17. (A) It has a cathedral. (B) It has a population of 4000.(C) It has a large population. (D) It has a city hall.18. (A) Britain (B) USA(C) India (D) JapanQuestions 19~2219. (A) She’s got married.(B) She’s graduate d from high school.(C) She’s spent her holiday(D) She’s moved to West Virginia.20. (A) She would have stayed in her hometown for the rest of her life.(B) She would have made a grave mistake in her life career.(C) She would have happy to come to the city to look for a job.(D) She would become a secretary to someone in her village.21. (A) She had left the place in which she was born.(B) She has not been given much job opportunity in the city.(C) She has so far no promotion or transfer.(D) She cannot avoid making mistakes in her routine work.22. (A) Her boyfriend. (B) Her colleague.(C) Her assistant. (D) Her former schoolmate. Questions 23~2623. (A) Keeping warm and dry (B) Drinking a lot of liquid(C) Living close to the hospital (D) Kissing the nose of an animal24.(A) Men who live in windy areas(B) Women who volunteered to stay outside(C) Travelers who take showers(D) People who are under stress25. (A) Because cold viruses can endure adverse climates.(B) Because winters are wet and cold.(C) Because people tend to stay more time indoors.(D) Because the disease may be caused by contaminated foods.26. (A) Men are more likely to suffer from colds.(B) No effective medicine has been found to cure colds.(C) In the winter, people should try to stay outdoors.(D) One could avoid catching colds by taking a hot bath every day.Questions 27~3027. (A) None (B) Thirteen(C) Fourteen (D) Fifteen28. (A) The housewife (B) The elder sisters(C) The servants (D) The nannies29.(A) They had to bring up their families.(B) They had no choice in selecting a spouse.(C) They had to work hard to support their families.(D)They had no chance to receive higher education.30. (A) A woman was financially dependent on her future husband.(B) A man had to ask a girl’s father for permission to marry her.(C) A woman should be ready to give up her job for the marriage.(D) A man should arrange a marriage ceremony in his father’s house.Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONL Y ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONL Y ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B),(C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5In some rural agricultural societies, the collection of available fuel such as firewood, dung cake, and agricultural waste can take 200 to 300 person-days per year. As well as being time consuming, the typical patterns of collection lead to deforestation, soil erosion, and ecological imbalances. In the future, experts predict that even if food supplies are adequate for rural populations, fuel supplies for domestic use may not be.In the light of such considerations, a team in India has developed a solar oven for home use. The oven is cheaply constructed, easily operated, and extremely energy efficient. The device consists of an inner and outer metal box, a top cover, and two panes of plain glass. The inner box is painted black to absorb maximum solar radiation. The space between the two boxes is filled with an insulating material, such as rice husks, which are easily available and which, because of their high silicon content, neither attract insects nor rot easily. Other easily available materials for insulation are ground nutshells or coconut shells. An adjustable mirror mounted on one side of the oven box reflects the sunlight into the interior, boosting the temperatures by 15-30 degrees Celsius. This is most useful during the winter when the sun is lower. Inside the oven, atemperature between 80 and 120 degrees Celsius above ambient temperature can be maintained. This is sufficient to cook food gradually but surely. Trials have shown that all typical food dishes can be prepared in this solar device without loss of taste or nutrition.1.This passage is mainly about .(A)deforestation in the rural agricultural societies(B)use of rice husks as an insulation material(C)design and use of a solar oven(D)maintenance of temperature in a solar oven2. All of the following are mentioned as sources of energy of rural agricultural societies EXCEPT .(A) firewood (B) dung cake(C) solar power (D) agricultural waste3.The word “domestic”(paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) industrial (B) agricultural(C) natural (D) household4. According to the passage, the use of an adjustable mirror increases the oven temperatureby .(A) 80-120 degrees Celsius (B) at least 80 degrees Celsius(C) up to 30 degrees Celsius (D) up to 15 degrees Celsius5.According to the passage, the adjustable mirror is most useful .(A) at midday (B) when it is cold(C) When firewood is lacking (D) in improving taste and nutritionQuestions 6~10There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave body to regulate these matters for itself. “The answer is easy,” says Dr.. A. Burton. “With the right amoun t of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings.” If he is right many people must be under sleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a grater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this many have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue.Other people feel sure that the present trend is towards too little sleep. To quote one medical opinion, “Thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep; the reason is not that can’t sleep. Like advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press to quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue.”Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that more people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in, asserts: “It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so the majority sleep too much.” One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does them noharm. If one of the trends of evolutions is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the van of this advance.6.The author seems to indicate that .(A)there are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep(B)among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial(C)the right amount of sleep is topic of much controversy among doctors(D)people are now moving towards solving many controversial issues concerning sleep7.According to the author, sleeping habits .(A)are related to the amount of sleep(B)are inherited from the parents(C)vary from person to person(D)would not change in one’s lifetime8.The world “jeopardize” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to .(A) endeavor (B) endanger(C) endorse (D) endow9. In the last paragraph the author points out that .(A)sleeping less is good for human health(B)people ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before(C)it is incorrect to say that people too little(D)those who can sleep less should be encouraged10. We learn from the passage that the author .(A)revises someone else’s opinion(B)explains an opinion of his own(C)favors one of the three opinions(D)comments on three different opinionsQuestions 11~15She looked in the pockets of the black leather jacket he had reluctantly worn the night before. Three of his suits, a pair of blue twill work pants, an old gray sweater with a hood and pockets lay thrown across the bed. The jacket leather was sleazy and damply clinging to her hands. She had bought it for him, as well as the three suits: one light blue with side vents, one gold with green specks, and one reddish that had a silver imitation-silk vest. The pockets of the jacket came softly outward from the lining like skinny milk toast rats. Empty. Slowly she sank down on the bed and began to knead, with blunt anxious fingers, all the pockets in all the clothes piled around her. First the blue suit, then the gold with green, then the reddish one that he said he didn’t like most of all, but which he would sometimes wear if she agreed to stay home, or if she promised not to touch anywhere at all while he was getting dressed.She was a big awkward woman, with big bones and hard rubbery flesh. Her short arms ended in ham hands, and her neck was a squat roll of fat that protruded behind her head as a big bump. Her skin was rough and puffy, with plump mole like freckles down her cheeks. Her eyes glowered from under the mountain of her brow and were circled with expensive mauve shadow. They were nervous and quick when she was flustered and darted about at nothing in particular while she was dressing hair or talking to people.Her troubles started noticeably when she fell in love with a studiously quiet schoolteacher, Mr. Jerome Franklin Washington III, who was ten years younger than her. She told herself that she shouldn’t want him, he was so little and cute and young, but when she took into account that he was a schoolteacher, well, she just couldn’t seem to get any rest until, as she put it, “I were Mr.And Mrs. Jerome Franklin Washington the third, and that’s the truth!”11. The word “sleazy” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .(A) lacking moisture (B) lacking persistence(C) lacking substance (D) lacking confidence12. Jerome’s taste in clothing is probably .(A) worse than the w oman’s (B) very loud and flashy(C) different from the woman’s (D) on agreement with the woman’s13. Apparently Jerome will occasionally wear the reddish suit if .(A) She is very good to him (B) she will leave him alone(C) she buys him more clothes (D) she gets a better education14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the woman?(A)She is married to a school teacher.(B)Her eyes move around a lot at times.(C)She is ten years older than Jerome.(D)She has found what she is looking for.15. According to the passage, which of the following can be concluded form the passage aboutthis couple?(A)They will live happily ever after.(B)Their marriage is not harmonious.(C)The couple will adopt children.(D)They will become schoolteachers.Questions 16~20An anthropologist recorded the expenses for ceremonies he attended in a village in Thailand. The following chart provides information on the baths (Thai currency) spent for a wedding.Finances for a Single Wedding in ThailandItem AmountExpensesRice 3 sacks 1,860Pigs 2 head 3,500 Vegetables and Condiments 1,440Invitations 150Wedding Gown Rental 650Flowers (300)Rental Equipment 1,800Pictures (groom paid) (500)Room Decoration 3,000Liquor 2,400Musicians (groom paid) (500)Gifts to Mother-in-law 200Cigarettes 360Other Gifts 520Shoes 150Gold Bracelet 1,270MiscellaneousTotal 17,800Bride Price 30,000From Groom’s Party5,000From Other Guests 8,000Other Gifts 750Calculated Net -3,050Stated Net -4,00016.The word “anthropologist” (line 1) means someone who .(A) studies the nature of man (B) arranges wedding ceremonies(C) keeps account for newly weds (D) records local events17.According to the information on the chart, the family hosting the ceremony .(A) was rich (B) ended up with a deficit(C) made a profit on gifts (D) relied totally on borrowed money18.From this chart, one could learn about .(A) the Thai kinship structure (B) retail price for cigarettes(C) the nature and procedures of ritual (D) the importance of hospitality to the Thai19.The information on the chart best supports the idea that .(A)increased expenditure results in increased earning in a village in Thailand(B)the economy has been stable for almost fifty years years in a village in Thailand(C)people spend more money on pork than on other items at a Thai wedding(D)gifts to mother-in-law are the most important for the groom at a Thai wedding20.In what major way is a Thai wedding different from an average Chinese wedding?(A) the provision of food (B) the giving of gifts(C) the payment of a bride price (D) the provision of entertainment Questions 21~25Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate”, in other words, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that this is a good idea.One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to the people and make them “people-literate”.David first got the idea when he visited one of America’s best-known computer “guru”figure, Bob Albrecht, in the small university town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrecht has started a project called Computertown USA in the local library, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computers there, instead of borrowing library books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way.Over here, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied to a computer club. He insists there is a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; theyare not told what to do, they find out.David Tebbutt finds it in teresting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answers to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the experts listen to a lot of questions and then try to work out some structure to answer them. People are not having to learn Computer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming “people-literate”.21. According to David Tebbutt, the purpose of Computertown UK is .(A)to train people to understand how computers work(B)to make more computers available to people(C)to enable more people to fix computers themselves(D)to help people find out more about computers22. We learn from the passage that Computertown USA is located in .(A) the university town (B) the project center(C) the local library (D) the elementary school23. The phrase “take off”(paragraph 4) means .(A) transfer to another vessel (B) cause to lose weight(C) begin to develop markedly (D) cause to leave the ground24. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?(A)Computertowns in the UK have become popular.(B)Computertowns and clubs cater for different people.(C)Computertowns are more successful than clubs.(D)Computertowns and clubs complement each other.Questions 26~30Natural selection is the way nature chooses which organisms survive. Chance mutations occur in response to chemicals of certain energy in the electromagnetic spectrum. If the mutant is better adapted to the environment, it thrives. If not, it dies out or becomes rare.Humans have used artificial selection to reproduce plants and animals with desirable characteristics. Many of these domesticated plants and animals can no longer survive in the wild. Their survival depends on the maintenance of an artificial environment and the desires of people.People select certain desired traits such as color, beauty, or scent (as in roses). Other traits which are bred artificially include uniqueness (as in the neck plumage of the prized Jacobin pigeon), size (as in miniature horses), meat quality or milk yield (as in cattle), or resistance to disease (as in fungus-resistant tomatoes). The traits usually selected for convenience, pleasure, or financial gain of individuals. In this way, humans act as agents of evolution through artificial selection.Individual specimens with the desired traits are crossbred. The hybrid offspring are then inbred to preserve and fix the desirable characteristics and eliminate unfavorable characteristics From the stock.A pure breed is formed when there is not any mixture of other genes over many generations. The American Kennel Club recognizes 121 breeds of purebred dogs. When ancestors of a pure breed are known and registered by a breed club, the dog is said to have a pedigree.26. Some people argue that it would do more harm than good for plants and animals to developthrough artificial selection. Which statement best supports this argument?(A)Roses no longer smell like roses.(B)Purebred dogs are disappearing.(C)Humans are harmful agents of plant and animal evolution.(D)Many domesticated plants and animals can no longer survive in the wild.27. The author cites the dog as an example of artificial selection because of all the followingstatements EXCEPT that .(A)Dogs are domestic animals(B)The dog is one of nature’s survivors(C)Breeders register dogs to obtain a pedigree(D)Humans have been the primary agents in dog evolution28. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the result of artificial selection by humanity?(A)Many new kinds of plants and animals are produced.(B)Financial gain is increased considerably by producing better plants and animals.(C)Humans are able to control plant and animal reproduction for humans’ pleasure.(D)It is necessary for humans to maintain the artificial environments.29. Breeding the hybrid offspring to fix desirable traits is called .(A) naturally selecting (B) inbreeding(C) pedigree breeding (D) pure-breeding30. A farmer imported several fine long wool Tomney sheep from Australia to breed with hisDebouittet sheep in hopes of increasing the value of the flock’s wool. This is an example of .(A) pure-breeding (B) crossbreeding(C) reproducing (D) cloningSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person’s value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.中国政府在宣布实行和平统一旳方针时，是基于一种前提，即当时旳台湾当局坚持世界上只有一种中国、台湾是中国旳一部分。
2000.3上海市英语中级口译笔试
2000.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST （40minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.Experience is the great teacher. A student needs to be well versed in theory. In other words, he can learn (1) from books, but it is the experience of the situations and the application of this knowledge that will (2). With this in mind, many schools nowadays have incorporated into their curricula activities of outdoor education, such as field trips, camping holidays and (3). To our students from large cities, the countryside has two (4): one is the vast wealth of wild life, historical relics and scenic grandeur that is (5); the other is the pure joy of physical exhilaration which is part and parcel of every trek or (6). If we fail to exploit both (7), we are the losers. While enjoying the former, we have moved into the realms of the latter (8). There should be no doubt about the very real (9) to be gained by participation in outdoor activities. Although physical education in schools (10) considerably, the general picture is still of (11) periods dotted here and there throughout the academic year. In the wider field of (12), however, the physical effort, even though it may only involve (13), continues over long periods and often on a (14) for several days on end. The physical improvement is very obvious and (15) after as short a time as, say, ten days.The wide range of outdoor activities increases the (16). And there are many instances in which (17) have tasted the lasting satisfaction of their first (18), often under testing situations. This is a basic essential and breeds (19) as well as respect for others. Furthermore, it often produces and air of self-confidence which (20) may well have damaged in some students.Part B: Listening ComprehensionI. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in1meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET.1. A. Why doesn’t George want to write out the outline?B. Why do you think George can’t do an outline for us?C. If George wants us to do an outline, he’ll have to ask us.D. Since George is willing, he should be allowed to do the outline.2. A. It took us about two hours to drive into the city today.B. The city is a two-hour drive from here.C. We must carry an extra tire with us when driving.D. We had to run for an hour because our car broke down.3. A. Now we pay 5 cents. B. Now we print half-size pages.C. Now we pay 15 cents.D. Now we pay 20 cents.4. A. The post office was slow in delivering the letter.B. you failed to give your new address to the post office.C. The post office didn’t process the change of address fast enough.D. You forgot to write your new address on the letter.5. A. Mrs. Green signed when she heard the suggestion.B. Mrs. Green rejected the committee’s suggestion.C. Mrs. Green quit when her idea was not accepted.D. Mrs. Green didn’t accept the signature.6. A. The plane left two hours before.B. The plane left at ten o’clock in the morning.C. The plane left at two o’clock in the afternoon.D. The plane left at four o’clock in t he afternoon.7. A. I know why Paul hasn’t arrived although he was due earlier.B. I can’t understand why Paul is here.C. Paul is due to pay for the meal ticket.D. I don’t know why Paul is late for the meeting.8. A. The newly-completed bridge was was many miles away.B. One of our plans was to set up a new bridge behind the road.C. The building of the new bridge was not finished in time.D. We were unable to fit into our schedule the visit to the new bridge.9. A. The problems are far greater than we had expected.B. The name of the scientist is just on the tip of my tongue.C. One environmental issue of our time is the problem of the iceberg.D. We should not take these environmental problems too seriously.10.A. Mr. Carter made a last minute decision not to fund the project.B. Mr. Carter was the last to find out the errors in the report.C. It was Mr. Carter’s car that backed out of the finance department last night.D. There were more mini-cars sold because of the financial crisis.2Ⅱ. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen care fully, because you will hear the talk or of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and the questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1411. A. Furniture B. TelephoneC. WineD. Paper12. A. The late delivery B. The incomplete documentC. The quality of the wineD. The unreliability of the agents13. A. Sometimes they are unreliable. B. Obviously they have made a mistake.C. On the whole they can be trusted.D. Generally speaking, they are very helpful.14. A. Leave a message with the switchboard operator.B. Have the operator connect him to another office.C. Make another call to his forwarding agents.D. Tell the switchboard operator to expect his telephone call.Questions 15~1815. A. Optimistic B. EncouragingC. DoubtfulD. Negative16. A. It will then be revised by the director.B. It will be put on a different channel.C. It will be shown on the international airlines.D. It will no longer be shown on TV.17. A. By funding the shooting of these programs.B. By giving free vouchers to selected actors and actresses.C. By sending mail to prospective customers.D. By replacing them with programs of their own.18. A. Advertisers are the most sincere in TV commercials.B. Most people like to watch TV programs with commercial breaks.C. Most TV programs on show are not of good taste.D. Newspapers and magazines can never compete with TV commercial.Questions 19~2219. A. He’s always got his car stolen.B. He’s nearly smashed into a wall several times.C. He’s sometimes run the risk of being killed.D. He’s run into another car in front of him.320. A. During his last race. B. In a race of the previous year.C. During the Mexican Grand Prix.D. On his way to the studio.21. A. The man was badly hurt. B. The man won a bronze medal.C. Two racing cars collided.D. Two racing-drivers were killed.22. A. He was chased by a number of racing cars.B. He was stopped and fined by the police.C. He had lost his way through London streets.D. He had to drive through busy streets.Questions 23~2623. A. None B. OneC. TwoD. Three24. A. It has changed the status of first-class passengers.B. It will please all the customers, whatever their classes.C. It is under the provision of federal regulations.D. It has created an additional passenger class.25. A. They all wholeheartedly welcomed it. B. They all gave it up.C. They made no unanimous decision.D. They tried it only on overseas flights.26. A. The crew B. The full-fare passengersC. The discount passengersD. The airline companiesQuestions 27~3027. A. The first Wednesday of March B. The tenth of MarchC. The eleventh of MarchD. The twelfth of March28. A. A couple of weeks B. Only a yearC. Two yearsD. Four years29. A. She gets regularly promoted. B. She can stay in the office all day.C. She travels a lot in her job. C. She is given different assignments.30. A. It is required of him by the Accounting Manage.B. It is the best course at the night school.C. He is interested in visiting big cities.D. He is tired of staying in the same office.Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONL Y ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)4(2)(3)(4)(5)Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONL Y ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5A Japanese construction company plans to build a huge independent city-state, akin to the legendary Atlantis, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. The city, dubbed “Marinnation”, would have about one million inhabitants, two airports, and possibly even a spaceport. Marinnation, if5built, would be a separate country but could serve as a home for international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank.Aside from the many political and social problems that would have to be solved, the engineering task envisaged is monumental. The initial stage requires the building of a circular dam 18 miles in diameter attached to the seabed in a relatively shallow place in international waters. Then, several hundred pumps, operating for more than a year, would suck out the seawater from within the dam. When empty and dry, the area would have a city constructed on it. The actual land would be about 300 feet below sea level.According to designers, the hardest task from an engineering point of view would be to ensure that the dam is leak proof and earthquake proof.If all goes well, it is hoped that Marinnation could be ready for habitation at the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century. Whether anyone would want to live in such an isolated and artificial community, however, will remain an open question until that time.1. According to the passage, what kind of city will Marinnation be?A. UndergroundB. UnderwaterC. MarineD. Legendary2. In paragraph 2, the underlined word “envisaged”is closest in meaning to .A. undertakenB. conceivedC. completedD. implicated3. According to the passage, the problems of Marinnation focused on here are mainly .A. humanB. engineeringC. politicalD. social4. The author mentions that Marinnation would be all the following EXCEPT .A. a circular city attached to the seabedB. a home for international organizationsC. a monumental engineering taskD. a place where people would want to live5. What is the main idea expressed in the passage?A. The uses of a city like Marinnation.B. The inhabitants of a city built in the ocean.C. The construction of an independent city-state.D. The engineering feats needed for building an oceanic city.Questions 6~10History books record that the first film with sound was The jazz Singer in 1927. But sound films, or “talkies”, did not suddenly appear after years of silent screenings. From the earliest public performances in 1896, films were accompanied by music and sound effects. These were produced by a single pianist, a small hand, or a full-scale orchestra; large movie theaters could buy sound-effects machines. Research into sound that was reproduced at exactly the same time as the pictures—called “synchronized sound”—began soon after the very first films were shown. With synchronized sound, characters on the movie screen could sing and speak. As early as 1896, the newly invented gramophone, which played a large disc carrying music and dialogue,6was used as a sound system. The biggest disadvantage was that the sound and pictures could become unsynchronized if, for example, the gramophone needle jumped or if the speed of the projector changed. This system was only effective for a single song or dialogue sequence.In the “sound-on-film”system, sounds were recorded as a series of marks on celluloid which could be read by an optical sensor. These signals would be placed on the film alongside the image, guaranteeing synchronization. Short feature films were produced in this way as early as 1922. This system eventually brought us “talking pictures.”6. The underlined word “screenings”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .A. projectionsB. revelationsC. demonstrationsD. diversions7. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. most movie theaters had a pianist, a hand or an orchestraB. sound-effects machines were common because they were more effectiveC. full-scale orchestras could effectively synchronize sound with picturesD. gramophones came into being about the same time as moving pictures did8. According to the passage, gramophones were sometimes ineffective because they .A. got out of synchronization with picturesB. were too large for most movie theatersC. were newly inventedD. changed speeds when the needle jumped9. The sound-on-film system guaranteed synchronization because the recording was .A. made during the filming of the pictureB. edited by an optical sensorC. inserted on the filmD. marked on the gramophone10. According to the passage, short feature films produced as early as 1992 .A. were recorded by optical sensorsB. put musicians out of workC. were only effective for dialogue sequencesD. preceded talking picturesQuestions 11~15 refer to the following chartSources of Personal Income in the United Stated, 1998Type of Income Amount of Income Percent of Total(billions of ＄) Personal IncomePersonal rental incomeWages, salaries, and otherLabor income less contributionsFor social security ＄3225.4 62.5%Personal rental income 99.8 1.9Personal interest income 732.4 14.2Personal dividend income 132.8 2.6Net income of unincorporated7Transfer payments 749 14.511. The division of income into categories such as wages and rental income is called .A. functional distribution of incomeB. percent of total incomeC. amount of incomeD. net income12. According to the chart, the smallest source of personal income in 1998 was .A. interest incomeB. dividend incomeC. rental incomeD. transfer payment13. The inference that can be made from the chart is that .A. rental property is a sound investmentB. most Americans have large savings accountsC. social security contributions are 14.5% of a person’s gross incomeD. many Americans own small businesses14. Which of the following can be learned from the chart for the year 1998?A. Average personal income in the United States.B. How many people have personal dividend income.C. Total personal income in the United States.D. Average family income in the United States.15. If this chart is compared to similar charts for 1999 and 2000, the figures can be usedto .A. analyze trends in personal income sourcesB. assess the effects of changes in tax lawsC. analyze investment trendsD. determine changes in average personal incomeQuestions 16~20Every year about two million people visit Mount Rushmore, where the faces of four U.S. presidents were carved in granite by sculptor Gutzon Borglum and his son, the late Lincoln Borglum. The creation of the Mount Rushmore monument took 14 years—from 1927 to 1941—and nearly a million dollars. These were times when money was difficult to come by and many people were jobless. To move the more than 400,000 tons of rock, Borglum hired laid-off workers from the closed-down mines in the Black Hills area. He taught these men to dynamite, Drill, carve, and finish the granite as they were hanging in midair in his specially devised chairs, which had many safety features. Borglum was proud of the fact that no workers were killed or severely injured during the years of blasting and carving.During the carving, many changes in the original design had to be made to keep the carved heads free of large fissures that were uncovered. However, not all the cracks could be avoided, so Borglum concocted a mixture of granite dust, white lead, and linseed oil to fill them.Every winter, water from melting snows gets into the fissures and expands as it freezes,8making the fissures bigger. Consequently, every autumn maintenance work is done to refill the cracks. The repairers swing out in space over a 500-foot drop and fix the monument with the same mixture that borglum used to preserve this national monument for future generations.16. According to the passage, Borglum’s son .A. is deadB. was a presidentC. did maintenance workD. spent a million dollars17. According to the passage, the men whom Borglum hired were .A. trained sculptorsB. laid-off stone masonsC. Black Hills volunteersD. visitors to Mount Rushmore18. It can be found from the passage that .A. the heads are not as originally plannedB. the workers made mistakes when blastingC. the cracks caused serious injuriesD. the designs had large fissures in them19. Borglum’s mixture for filling cracks was .A. very expensiveB. bought at the Black Hills minesC. invented by the sculptor himselfD. uncovered during carving20. Mount Rushmore needs to be .A. protected from air pollutionB. polished for touristsC. closed during the winterD. repaired periodicallyQuestions 21~25According to airline industry statistics, almost 90% of airline accidents are survivable or partially survivable. But passengers can increase their chances of survival by learning and following certain tips. Experts say that you should read and listen to safety instructions before takeoff and ask questions if you have uncertainties. You should fasten your seat belt low on your hips and as tightly as possible. Of course, you should also know how the release mechanism of your belt operates. During takeoffs and landings, you are advised to keep your feet flat on the floor. Before takeoff you should locate the nearest exit and an alternative exit and count the rows of seats between you and the exits so that you can find them in the dark if necessary.In the event that you are forewarned of a possible accident, you should put your hands on your ankles and keep your head down until the plane comes to a complete stop. If smoke is present in the cabin, you should keep your head low and cover your face with napkins, towels, or clothing. If possible, wet these for added protection against smoke inhalation. To evacuate as or clothing. If possible, wet these for added protection against smoke inhalation. To evacuate as quickly as possible, follow crew commands and do not take personal belongings with you. Do not jump on escape slides before they are fully inflated, and whey you jump, do so with your arms and legs extended in front of you. When you get to the ground, you should move away from the plane as quickly as possible, and never smoke near the wreckage.21. According to the passage, airline travelers should keep their feet flat on the floor .A. throughout the flightB. during takeoffs and landingsC. especially during landingsD. in case of an accident922. According to the passage, which exits should an airline passenger locate before takeoff?A. The front one and the back one.B. The two closest to the pilot seat.C. The ones that can be found in the dark.D. The ones with counted rows of seats between them.23. People are more likely to survive fires in the aircraft if they .A. keep their heads lowB. wear a safety beltC. don’t smoke in or near a planeD. read airline safety statistics24. In an emergency airline passengers are advised to do all of the following EXCEPT .A. follow crew commandsB. jump on fully inflated escape slidesC. run away as soon as possibleD. carry personal belongings25. What does the paragraph following the passage most probably discuss?A. How to recover your luggageB. Where to go to continue your tripC. When to return to the aircraftD. How to proceed once you are away from the aircraftQuestions 26~30Witnesses may pick out from an identification parade the person who most resembles their idea of what the criminal would look like, a conference organized by the British Psychological Society was told on Saturday. Mr. Ray Bull, a senior lecturer at the North East London Polytechnic, said research had shown that the public tended to link abnormal appearance with abnormalities of behaviour. “The public and police do agree about what face fits what crime,”he said. “One apparently widely held B elief is the ‘what is beautiful is good’ stereotype. An in dividual’s facial attractiveness has an effect on how threatening other people judge that person to be. I have found that the addition of one or two small scars to a face leads to that face being judged more dishonest.”Those beliefs also influence length of sentence and verdict, he said. Research in mock-trial settings had shown that the more unattractive defendant was more heavily sentenced than one of attractive character and appearance. Mr Bull, an expert on identification by witn esses, was addressing psychologists and lawyers at a conference in London held by Sir Brian MacKenna, a retired high court judge, on the role of psychology in the legal system.For decades it has been known that people often do not see or hear things presented to their senses, but do “see”and “hear”things that have not occurred. But none of those factors meant that identification evidence was of little value. Laboratory research based on photographs had shown recognition rates were high, about 80 per cent, even after delays of 35 days. But rates were lower when identification was tested in mock criminal episodes in the streets because of stress and the inability of the witness to concentrate simultaneously on self-preservation and remembering details of the culprit. Law enforcement authorities should be more aware of the10factors that influence memory and ide ntification, Mr. Bull said. Apart from people’s prejudices about the “look”of a criminal, the factors included the way questions were asked.26. According to Mr. Ray Bull’s research, which of the following defendants would be moreheavily sentenced?A. The defendant with normal behaviour.B. The defendant with attractive character.C. The defendant with unattractive appearance.D. The defendant with psychological problems.27. According to the passage, people often .A. have sensory problemsB. foretell what have not yet happenedC. distort what they have seen or heardD. neglect what they see or hear28. The word “episodes”in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .A. witnessesB. incidentsC. detailsD. photographs29. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Mr. Ray Bull pointed out that the criminal with abnormal appearance would besentenced more heavily than the one with attractive appearance.B. Mr. Ray Bull delivered a speech at a conference to psychologists and lawyers on the roleof psychology in the legal system.C. Mr. Ray Bull has found out that the addition of one or two small scars to a face leads tothe face being judged more dishonest.D. Mr. Ray Bull argued that law enforcement authorities should be less aware of the factorsthat influence memory and identification.30. What is the main idea expressed in the passage?A. Witnesses’ memory and identification are unreliable.B. British Psychological Society has studied the role of psychology in legal system.C. Both the appearance and the character of a person would influence people’s judgment onhim.D. What is beautiful is good.SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Information and communications are central to modern society and organizations. One approach to understand the working environment is to consider an organization as a communications system. An organization that has open lines of communication with valid, honest information going up, down, and throughout the organization will be much more effective and a much better place to work than the organization that attempts to restrict the flow of information or distort and deceive. When leadership attempts to keep workers in the dark, workers tend to become distrustful. This undermines their cooperation.It is easy to understand the value and importance of open, honest communications and valid information. Yet, few organizations are able to function in this manner. In the long run, poor communication will undermine the entire organization. Restricting communication and distorting information are symptoms of short-range thinking. We must avoid these stupid, short-sighted traps and constantly strive for and open communications system with objective information.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.中华民族历来爱好自由与和平。
2001.3笔试答案
2001.3 月上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参照答案 :SECTION 1:LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. sleep and eat11. announcements and the assignment2. get some exercise12. because you are sick3. do all these things13. make up the work4. and write papers14. before you are sick5. have a quiz15. In high school6. Should you sleep late16. get a perfect score7. the professor of the course17. answer every question correctly8. they require attendance18. basic ideas9. Once in a while19. his or her office hours10. more than a few times20. repeat 10.what they said in classPart B: Listening Comprehension1— 5ADBCA6— 10CDDCB11—15 BDAAC16— 20BABCASECTION 2 ： READING TEST1— 5DBBCA6— 10BCDDA11—15 DCCBA16— 20DABCDSECTION 3 ： TRANSLATION TEST思虑一下同一个人在相隔 8 年前后的，“ 究竟，与其是指生活在的国家、不如是指只有劣质的技。
” 是比·盖茨在 1992 年的。
想当年，位微企业董事的形象是个待人、有自由 (意志 )向的家伙，他喜悦地宣称只要要靠自己的品就能够“改世界。
中级口译证书第一阶段考试汇编
上海英语中级口译证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)Part A：Spot DictationDirections：In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET．Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Good afternoon, folks. Today’s discussion topic is “Online Shopping”. With only two weeks to go ______(1)________buying presents is a high priority for a lot of people. However, this year not so many people are ________(2)________to browse around the shops. These days lots of people can do their shopping_______(3)________of their own home with the help of the Internet. Online shopping is becoming _________(4)________for a number of reasons: prices are often lower online, you don’t have to______(5)________in busy shops and you can buy almost any product imaginable with just a few______(6)________of your mouse. Computer trends are often ______(7)_______ but this year women are expected to do more shopping on the Internet than men. It seems women are now more attracted to the________ (8) ______of online shopping than they used to be.Average spending online this Christmas by women will rise to______(9)_______compared to the slightly lower average of￡233 for men, while_____ (10)_______per person on the high street is only￡197．Seventy percent of ________(11)________, male and female, are now buying their Christmas gifts online. In the past a lot of people were___________(12)________. Many were worried about the security of entering_________(13)_________on the Internet, but as shopping online has become more_________(14)_________, these worries have begun to disappear. ______(15)______of Internet users still do have security worries but it_______(16)_______ the ever-increasing numbers of online shoppers. One victim of the online________(17)___________is the UK high street．Christmas trading can represent up to 60％of________(18)_____________for some stores．Many companies are concerned that__________(19)___________are coming through their doors in the run-up to Christmas．As a result there are lots of _______(20)_______in the shops．Part B：Listening ComprehensionI．StatementsDirections：In this part of the test，you will hear several short statements．These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE，and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully．When you hear a statement，read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard．Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1．(A)The short hours make the job impossible for anyone to refuse．(B)Mitchell refused the position because of the low pay．(C)Mitchell is looking forward to meeting her new colleagues．(D)The job would have turned into an excellent opportunity for Mitchell．2. (A)The committee hasn’t been very busy lately．(B)This committee is better than the other one．(C)I’m very pleased with the result．(D)I had hoped for a better decision．3. (A)It is hard to understand your problem．(B)It is difficult to solve your problem．(C)It is impossible to answer your question．(D)It is certain that you can try right away．4. (A)Life in New York was harder than you expected．(B)You’d better work harder so as to make more money．(C)I used to work in Washington，but now I’m in Chicago．(D)I have to travel a lot, as a salesman．5.(A)I’d like to have the manager’s view of my work．(B)I wish I would be promoted to be the manager．(C)I met the manager once a while, but she never look at me．(D)I had learned a lot from the manager, though she herself was unaware of it．6.(A)Researchers have found that cooked tomatoes are more nutritious．(B)Fifty percent of men will develop prostate cancer when they are old．(C)Men who exercise 2 to 3 times a week are less likely to catch cold．(D)Tomatoes are helpful in cutting down the risk of having prostate cancer．7.(A)Jane Jensen is successful in designing clothes．(B)Jane Jensen would rather become a writer．(C)Jane Jensen has won numerous awards for her novels．(D)Jane Jensen is praised for her writing of adventures．8.(A)Most reviews about the movies made in China are superficial．(B)Only a small number of the Chinese films are exported overseas．(C)China ranks the third in profit—making for movies produced．(D)Many a film produced in China is not profit-making．9.(A)Loss of body water can lead to the malfunction of your brain．(B)Loss of body weight can help improve your brain performance．(C)If your brain performance level starts to weaken, you will feel dizzy．(D)If you want to reduce your weight, you need to drink plenty of water．10.(A)I accept your offer of$30．(B)Our special price is$30 off．(C)$30 is our bottom price．(D)$30 is our profit margin．II．Talks and ConversationsDirections：In this part of the test，you will hear several short talks and conversations．After each of these，you will hear a few questions．Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions 0NLY ONCE．When you hear a question，read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question．Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B00KLET．Questions 11～1411．(A)The airplane．(B)The space shuttle．(C)The electricity car．(D)The clean water．12．(A)In Switzerland．(B)In Germany．(C)In Italy．(D)In Sweden．13．(A)It is small and light．(B)Its engine runs on water．(C)It runs 80 miles per hour．(D)Its colors are varied．14．(A)It is too heavy．(B)It is rather expensive．(C)It has no air-conditioning．(D)It is made of a special metal．Questions 15～1815．(A)In the south．(B)In the north．(C)In the middle．(D)In the northeast．16．(A)A cowshed．(B)A country cottage．(C)A brick house．(D)A bungalow．17．(A)On an island in a 1ake．(B)On the top of a hill．(C)Near a busy town．(D)By a thick forest．18．(A)They often go boating on the lake．(B)There is a very good market near the place．(C)Not many English people go there．(D)There are a lot of lakes in the region．Questions 19～2219．(A)The one he took with a bigger camera．(B)The one he took on his vacation．(C)The one he took in his studio．(D)The one he took for the woman．20．(A)He uses different cameras．(B)He often makes them pose for pictures(C)He usually catches them unawares．(D)He always asks them for permission．21．(A)When he is travelling around．(B)When he is doing research work．(C)When he wants to get portraits shots．(D)When he takes pictures in his studio．22．(A)Passport photos．(B)Portrait shots．(C)Landscapes．(D)Still-life studies．Questions 23～2623．(A)Via mail．(B)By phone．(C)Through a travel agency．(D)With a booking office．24．(A)Check-in procedures may take time．(B)The speaker is under special scrutiny．(C)There is a long line before the ticket counter．(D)Security system is not working．25．(A)It made him uncomfortable．(B)It was hectic．(C)It went smoothly．(D)It had some trouble．26．(A)It is worth the expense．(B)It is fast and efficient．(C)It iS safe and reliable．(D)It is trouble freeQuestions 27～3027．(A)Because he does not think it is worthwhile to his 1ife．(B)Because he does not believe in those television programs．(C)Because a good television set costs a great deal of money．(D)Because there is simply no space for one in his apartment．28．(A)A computer．(B)A video camera．(C)An FM radio．(D)A fax machine．29．(A)It widens the gap between the rich and the poor．(B)It helps produce all kinds of machines．(C)It brings him closer contact with other people．(D)It destroys all the beauty and meaning in life．30．(A)Living in the country．(B)Travelling around the world．(C)Surfing the Internet．(D)Taking business trips．Part C：Listening and TranslationI．Sentence TranslationDirections：In this part of the test，you will hear 5 sentences in English．You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE．After you have heard each sentence，translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET．(1)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________(2)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (3)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________(4)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________(5)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________II．Passage TranslationDirections：In this part of the test，you will hear 2 passages in English．You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE．After you have heard each passage，translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET．You may take notes while you are listening．(1)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________(2)_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________SECTION 2：STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions：In this section，you will read several passages．Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content．You are to choose ONE best answer，(A)，(B)，(C)or(D)，to each question．Answer all the questions following each passage On the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET．Questions 1～5The largest animal that ever 1ived on land or in water still exists．Not even the giant dinosaurs were as 1arge as some whales．One sulphur-bottom whale caught in the Antarctic was 110 feet long, and weighed between 90 and 100 tons．Whales can grow to such enormous size because their bodies are supported by the water．An animal that lives on Iand can only grow to a size that his legs can support, while a bird’s size is limited by its wing size．A whale has none of these difficulties．Millions of years ago, whales lived on land and walked on four legs．Today, whales still have small bones that are the remains of their hind legs. But these bones can only be seen on the inside of the whale．No one knows why whales 1eft the land to live in the water．However, scientists can surmise that when the whales changed their environment, their bodies underwent a change—taking on a more fish-like appearance．This new form offered less resistance to the water, enabling the whales to swim faster．Despite their fish-like form, whales are not fish．A whale will drown, just as a man will, if it stays under water too long. When a whale is under water, it closes its nostrils tightly and holds its breath．The air in its lungs becomes very hot and full of water vapour. When the whale rises to the surface and exhales, its hot breath produces a column of water vapor that rises high in the air．A man produces the same effect when he exhales warm air on a cold morning．Whales are classified as mammals because they bear their young, rather than laying eggs, and because the mother whales give the babies milk. Like other mammals, whales have warm blood. Their blood stays at the same temperature, even when they move from hot to cold water．They keep warm in cold water because they have a thick layer of fat just under their skins．This fat is called blubber, and it is thicker on whales that spend their lives in cold water．Almost all land mammals, except man, have hair on their bodies to keep them warm, but whales, which have very few hairs, are kept warm by their fat.Whales do not bear young more often than every two years．The births are usually single births, but there have been instances of whale twins．Mother whales show a great deal of affection for their young．If the baby whale is killed, the mother will stay close to it for a long time．The young grow very rapidly during their first three or four years．And, although no one is certain how long a whale lives, the normal life span is probably less than 100 years．1．We learn from the passage that whales may reach a length of_______(A) 80 feet (B) 90 feet(C) 100 feet (D) 110 feet2．Whales would find living on land difficult now because_________(A) they are too big (B)they are not mammals(C) they have too much blubber (D)they cannot breathe air3．When a whale is swimming under water, it closes its_________(A) bristles (B)nostrils(C) mouth (D)eyes4．According to the passage, the blood temperature of a whale________(A) varies in hot water(B) remains the same(C) grows colder as the blubber accumulates(D) grows warmer as the whale grows older5．The passage suggests that when a baby whale is killed, its mother usually_______(A) dies soon afterwards (B)calls other whales(C) stays in the same area (D)swims away rapidlyQuestions 6～10Millions of tourists come to Siem Reap, Cambodia every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform a tranquil village into a thriving, cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10, 000 hotel rooms．But the explosion of tourism here has also done something less predictable．Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is n ow Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh．The sons and daughters of rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses．When their shifts are over, they study finance, English and accounting．“I never imagined that I could go to university, ”said Hem Sophoan, a 31-year-old tour guide who is now studying for his second master’s degree. “There’s been so much change and opportunities for young people．” The establishment of five pr ivate universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia, one of Asia’s poorest countries．Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer．But he has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling temple steps. “I tell my friends, ‘Hit me if you see me falling asleep,’” he said. The five universities in Siem Reap currently enroll more than 10, 000 students．Most of the campuses are quiet during the day but come to life at night．The United Nations and aid organizations have had an oversize role in helping steer the country. But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan．It was driven largely by supply and demand：universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth. University administrators say 80 to 90 percent of the students hold full—time jobs．Most students pay the annual tuition of$400 themselves．Luckier students get sponsorship from foreigners．On a recent evening, an Argentine insurance saleswoman on vacation here, Maria Theresa Landoni, went to the university to pay the tuition of a young woman who wanted to study tourism．Ms．Landoni struck up a friendship with the driver of her motorized rickshaw and met his daughter．“They were very, very, very poor,” Ms．Landoni said．“This is a country that has suffered a lot.” Ms．Landoni said she agreed to pay one semester’s worth of fees for the daughter：$180．Many graduates seem to have stayed with their employers and moved up, now having better prospects for managerial roles．But it is too early to draw conclusions．The six-year-old University of South-East Asia, for example, has had only two graduating classes, and they were small．6．We learn from the passage that ten years ago, Siem Reap________(A)was little more than a ruin(B)was a town visited by millions of tourists(C)did not have any university(D)underwent some change to young people’s advantage7．Higher education in Siem Reap is largely attributed to __________(A)the development of tourism (B)the sponsorship of foreigners(C)the master plan of aid organizations (D)the investment of the local government8．In Siem Reap, the tuition for young people’s colleg e education is usually paid by_______(A)their parents (B)their employers(C)students themselves (D)friendly foreigners9．What is typical of most of the universities in Siem Reap?(A)Most of their students work as tour guides．(B)Most of their students take part-time jobs．(C)They enroll a limited number of students．(D)They are quiet by day but busy at night．10．What does the passage mainly discuss?(A)The big dreams of Cambodia’s young p eople．(B)Young people devoted to learning after work．(C)The explosion of tourism in Cambodia．(D)The establishment of universities in Siem Reap．Questions 11～15The pocket calculator has been relegated to the role of a graphic icon on digital screens rather than an object in its own right．But in the early 1970s, it was at the forefront of consumer technology．A pocket calculator was the closest that most 1970s consumers came to owning anything with computational power, even if all it could do was basic math．The Sinclair Executive was one of a cluster of pocket-size electronic calculators developed at the same time．The first one small enough to fit in a shirt pocket was the Busicom LEI-120A Handy, introduced in Japan in early 1971．When the Sinclair Executive was introduced in 1972 by the British entrepreneur Clive Sinclair, it was cheaper, slimmer and looked much slicker than the others, thanks to a gleaming black ABS plastic case designed by Mr．Sinclair’s brother, lain．Design magazine hailed it as “at once a conversation piece, a rich man’s plaything and a functional business machine.” Dozens of other manufacturers developed their own versions．The pinnacle of calculator design was the exquisite 1977 ET44, by Germany’s Braun. Culturally, the product peaked in 1981 when the German electro band Kraftwerk released a single titled “Pocket Calculator．” “I am adding and subtracting,” run the lyrics．“I’m controlling and composing．By pressing down a special key, it plays a little melody．”As personal computers flooded onto the market in the 1980s, calculators, pocket—size and otherwise, seemed steadily less appealing．Clive Sinclair had already turned his attention to other Inventions, starting with computing．By the middle of the decade, he moved on to transportation with the Sinclair C5 electric vehicle, which he designed with a single seat but no roof．The pocket calculator is a victim of “Moore’s Law, ” the theory that the number of transistors that can be squeezed onto a microchip will roughly double every two years, increasing computing power at the same rate．Even tiny digital devices have become so powerful that they can fulfill the functions of numerous products. Like any other product whose function can be replicated by an app, thepocket calculator is threatened with extinction．Digital devices fulfill their functions just as effectively, and are more convenient because they do so many other things too．1 1．According to the passage, the pocket calculator _________(A)is not much of a useful device and has become obsolete(B)is less of a computing device than it was before(C)needs upgrading to meet consumers’ increasing needs(D)is displaced completely by digital devices like an app12．The first pocket-size calculator was developed and introduced in_________(A)America (B)Britain(C)Germany (D)Japan1 3．What type of calculator had the most attractive and stylish design in the 1 970s?(A)Sinclair Executive．(B)Busicom LE-120A Handy．(C)ET44．(D)Kraftwerk’s “Pocket Calculator”．1 4．According to the passage, Clive Sinclair was all of the following EXCEPT_______(A)an entrepreneur (B)a manufacturer(C)a designer (D)an editor15.It can be concluded from the passage that people prefer powerful digital devices because______(A)they offer more than their basic functions(B)they serve consumers as a status symbol(C)they are conveniently small to operate(D)they sell at a reasonable priceQuestions 16～20How much museumgoers know about art makes little difference in how they engage with exhibits, according to a study by a German cultural scholar who electronically measured which items caught visitors’ attention and how they were emotionally affected．The scholar, Martin Trondle, also found that solitary visitors typically spent more time looking at art and that they experienced more emotions．Mr．Trondle and his team outfitted 576 volunteers with a glove equipped with GPS function to track their movement through the galleries of Kunstmuseum St. Gallen in Switzerland for two months beginning in June 2009．Sensors in the gloves measured physical evidence of emotional reactions, like heartbeat rates and sweat on their palms．Afterward, the volunteers were asked questions about where they had spent the most time, and about the feelings that particular works evoked.Mr．Trondle found that there appeared to be little difference in engagement between visitors with a proficient knowledge of art and “people who are engineers and dentists．” He said artists, critics and museum directors often focus on perhaps one work in a room, while visitorswith moderate curiosity and interest tend to move from work to work and read text panels．Mr．Trondle said his study established for the first time that “there is a very strong correlation between aesthetic experience and bodily functions．” He defined the art-affected state as a sense of immersion in a work, or of feeling addressed by it, concluding that museum-going is best done alone．Visitors tended to feel more stimulated by sculptures that impeded their progress through the galleries．“People want to trip over the art,” he said．Some experts are skeptical．“This technology is so new and so young,” said Paul C．Ha, director of the List Visual Arts Center at the Mas sachusetts Institute of Technology. “We don’t know what we have yet．”Bonnie Pitman, distinguished scholar in residence at the School of Arts and Humanities, University of Texas, Dallas, an expert on the subject of visitor responses to art, said：“I’m not sure that just because you have more data, that gives you a better understanding of the very complicated set of issues involved in experiencing works of art．” Referring to Mr．Trondle’s belief that an elevated heart rate signals a more profound art experience, she said：“Those transcendent moments when you’re just completely awash in the color and beauty of a great Pissarro or Sisley or Monet—those moments aren’t necessarily going to raise your heart rate．They’re going to slow you down．”Given all of the rec ent attention on blockbuster exhibitions at vast museums, “you might assume that our future is not very rosy,” said Roland Waspe, director of the Kunstmuseum St．Gallen, a smaller museum with a range of paintings and sculptures dating from the Middle Ages t o the present. He said the research suggested “we now have an advantage, because we see that, for an optimal art experience, museums have to be small, they have to be more empty, and they have to be, in the most positive sense, a place of contemplation．”1 6．Mr．Trondle and his team provided the gloves with sensors for the volunteers to______(A)measure their heartbeat rates in movement(B)discover whether they touch the exhibits while visiting(C)find out about their responses to the exhibits(D)see how many of them have questions about the exhibits17．Which of the following can be the conclusion of Mr．Trondle’s study?(A)People with moderate interest will get totally immersed in a particular work．(B)Solitary museumgoers feel more毛motions evoked by the particular exhibit．(C)Artists and critics experience heartbeat rates and sweaty palms at museums．(D)Visitors with a knowledge of art spend more time looking than others．18.According to the passage, Mr．Trondle’s idea about the elevated heartbeat rates at museums is_________(A)accepted by professionals and laymen alike(B)confirmed by massive amounts of data(C)dismissed as groundless and useless(D)challenged and questioned by some experts19．The word “awash” (para.6) is closest in meaning to________(A)addicted (B)affected(C)immersed (D)proficient20．In the opinion of Roland Waspe, museums________(A)have to be more empty for visitors to move about freely(B)have to be small with a small number of fervent visitors(C)should provide opportunity for visitors to think deeply(D)should have an advantage over their counterpartsQuestions 21～25Do you know or work with someone who undervalues other people’s efforts, ignores their viewpoint, even publicly insults his or her co-worker? That person is a bully and is bad news for any company, though often the people at the top don’t know, or worse, don’t want to know. A bully will set impossible deadlines, make fun of people and ridicule them whenever they make mistakes. The worst type will also shout and be abusive．What motivates bullies? No one is sure, but it may be that they are suffering from some kind of inferiority complex．According to a recent survey, the situation is far worse than originally thought, and has become worse in the past year．It’s quite likely that the increase is a direct result of the current business culture with its emphasis on competition and aggressive “masculine” management styles, combined with the stress of “job insecurity”, that is, the ever-present fear of Iosing one’s Job. The survey quotes the example involving the appointment of an ageing male manager who could not come to terms with women in management positions．His relationship with the mainly female staff created massive problems throughout the whole organization．The oppressive atmosphere did nothing to promote efficient working practices, with stress levels rising and confidence and spirits falling. It wasn’t easy for the staff to report him and it took a while to convince those at the top, but they did the wise thing and got rid of him．Bullying must be recognized and dealt with．A fair disciplinary procedure should be in place Once a bully has been identified, employers must ensure that both sides have the opportunity to make their case and be able to appeal against any disciplinary action taken．If you work with someone who uses inappropriate or threatening language or behaves in a rude and abrupt manner, you could be dealing with a bully. Whatever you do, you must not become a victim：if you do not fight back, you are giving the bully encouragement to continue．On the other hand, try not to get upset, you will feel worse and the bully will be very satisfied．So, keep cool, be patient and take action when you are sure you can be effective. Talk to colleagues, see what they think. Make a note of conversations, keep memos and letters, as these will be needed as evidence to back up your case. Bullies don’t always realize that their behavior is offensive, upsetting and threatening, and it may be that a few well—chosen words will defuse the situation．But if this fails, the employer will have to intervene, give proper warnings and be prepared to dismiss the persistent offender．21．According to the survey, bullying has become more common recently because_____(A)age and sex differences between management and staff cause tension(B)people are afraid they might lose their jobs if they are not strict。
口译真题0403
上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试(TEST BOOK)SECTION I: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.What is a gesture? A gesture is a movement of the hand or body that expresses ______ (1) or intention. It is an action that sends a ______ (2) from one person to another. To become a gesture, an act has to be seen by someone else and has to ______ (3) some piece of information to them. There are some gestures, however, that have ______ (4) depending on when and where they are used. When an American wants to signal that something is OK, ______ (5), he raises his hand and makes a circle with his thumb and forefinger. This circle-sign has ______ (6) for him, and he might be surprised to ______ (7) that in other countries it can mean something very different. In Japan, for instance, it is the gesture for money. ______ (8), it means zero or worthless. Such differences can, of course, lead to ______ (9) when foreigners meet, But why is it that the same gesture basso many different meanings?When some people want to show that something is ______ (10), they make a sign to show they are holding ______ (11) between the tips of their thumb and forefinger. Many people from all over the world ______ (12) when emphasizing a certain point as they speak. The object they hold is ______ (13), and they simply perform the action of holding it. In this way, they ______ (14) with the thumb and forefinger. In America, this unconscious gesture grew into a ______ (15) meaning exactly right or perfect. This was how the ______ (16) was born.The Japanese sign for money comes from a completely different source. ______ (17), and coins are round. Therefore, making a ______ (18) came to .symbolize money. It is as simple as that. The French sign for nothing or worthless also ______ (19) a simple source. This time, however, the circle does not represent a coin, it only indicates nought. Nought means nothing, ______ (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionI. StatementsDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Doris pointed out where the key was.(B) Doris doesn't want to be appointed.(C) Doris is usually a punctual person.(D) Doris doesn't know she has an appointment.2. (A) Even though the car arrived early, the meeting began late.(B) The meeting was postponed, although we set off early today.(C) We left early today for the meeting, but we were delayed.(D) We started our journey early, so we were early for the meeting.3. (A) Three years later, the stock market crashed.(B) Half of the stocks in the market were devalued within five years.(C) About 50 % of rite products were more expensive than they had been 3 years before.(D) The country's GNP was reduced by nearly 50% in three years.4. (A) Tony won't receive additional payment, no matter how hard he works.(B) Tony couldn't understand why his boss is not satisfied with his success(C) Tony is unable to meet his sales quota this year because of the extra load of work.(D) Tony is confident that his work will save the firm from bankruptcy.5. (A) Everyone knew that Jennifer was the CEO's secretary in Detroit.(B) Jennifer didn't meet the well-known CEO from the headquarters,(C) The CEO was away to meet Jennifer in our headquarters in Detroit.(D) The Detroit headquarters had decided to appoint Jennifer to be a CEO.6. (A) The manager has refused to see you off at the airport.(B) The manager will be dealing with something urgent in prison.(C) The manager will be attending a welcome party at the airport.(D) The manager has to cancel her previous arrangement.7. (A) The director told the secretary to finish the survey report on time.(B) The director told the secretary to wind the clock in the office.(C) The director told the secretary to take the report home.(D) The director told the secretary not to rush for the survey report.8. (A) We intend to withdraw fund on that project, for it is necessary to do so.(B) We should proceed with the project, although we have difficulties.(C) We decide to give up the project, so that we can work on a new one.(D) We have to reject the gift and continue to raise money for that project of ours.9. (A) High productivity may have negative effects on our own existence.(B) More and better goods and services can raise our living standards.(C) The rising prices of goods and services may lead to the damage of our environment.(D) We should produce high-quality goods to protect our natural resources.10. (A) After three years of hard work, I have been promoted to department head.(B) After years of work, I think I need to talk with someone about my career.(C) The department head has ruthlessly turned down my request for a salary raise.(D) The department head has postponed the promotion campaign for months.II. Talks and ConversationsDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and the questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~1411. (A) In her office. (B) In a cinema.(C) In her home. (D) In a restaurant.12. (A) The assistant manager has made an appointment with her.(B) Mr. Brown is going to pay a visit to her house.(C) The man has been late for a couple of times.(D) She has to return home first to change her dress.13. (A) They will go to a party. (B) They will attend a fashion show.(C) They will see a film. (D) They will go home.14. (A) Because it is their only night together.(B) Because it is the last night for the film show.(C) Because it is their wedding anniversary.(D) Because it is a chance to see the woman in uniform.Questions 15~1815. (A) Its long history. (B) Its large library.(C) Its college system. (D) Its admission qualifications.16. (A) The accommodation. (B) The award of degrees.(C) The examinations. (D) The programme of studies.17. (A) They are better than those of other universities.(B) They are open to all the students of the university.(C) They can be attended by students of a particular study.(D) They are given once a week, according to the tutor's advice.18. (A) In the Fellows' Club. (B) At the restaurant.(C) In the college chapel. (D) On college campus.Questions 19~2219. (A) Because she was not in a hurry.(B) Because she wanted to save money.(C) Because she could enjoy sightseeing.(D) Because she lived near the bus stop.20. (A) Taxis. (B) The railway.(C) The tube. (D) Double-deckers.21. (A) To show the excellence of its international air service.(B) To stress the importance of its strategic position.(C) To contrast it with internal air service of other cities.(D) To provide an answer to the problem of traffic congestion.22. (A) Its advanced technology. (B) Its geographical location.(C) Its changing climate. (D) Its demand for oil in the North Sea. Questions 23~2623. (A) President Roosevelt's death. (B) President Johnson's last days.(C) Eleanor Roosevelt's retirement. (D) Presidents after World War II.24. (A) Poor people. (B) Migrant workers.(C) Female journalists. (D) Civil rights activists.25. (A) Because of his old age.(B) Because of his health.(C) Because of his position as US president.(D) Because of his noble family tradition.26. (A) How to defeat the enemy in the war.(B) How to score more in a poker game.(C) What to say to make others laugh.(D) What to drink to replenish oneself.Questions 27~3027. (A) Because he doesn't want to stay in Bangkok.(B) Because he is tired of surface transport.(C) Because he is afraid of getting sea sickness.(D) Because he has to be back by next Tuesday.28. (A) They have debts to pay off.(B) They live in a small flat(C) They both work in a firm.(D) They both enjoy travel by air.29. (A) Reading newspapers and magazines.(B) Watching surface transport on the sea and ground.(C) Lunching on a special kind of fish pie.(D) Eating and drinking his favorites.30. (A) It is a popular means of transport.(B) It is no better than surface transport.(C) It is safer than other means of transport.(D) It is no longer enjoyable and convenient.Part C: Listening and TranslationI. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)II. Passage TranslationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening. (1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions:In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B) , (C) or (D) , to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person," you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's or the hero's role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.1. The main idea of this passage is ______.(A) how to distinguish people's faces(B) how to describe people's personality(C) how to distinguish people both inwardly and outwardly(D) how to tell good persons from bad persons without wearing masks2. The author is most probably a ______.(A) linguist(B) plastic surgeon(C) manager(D) sociologist3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?(A) People may have different personalities.(B) People differ from each other in appearance.(C) People can learn to recognize human faces.(D) People can describe all human features of others.4. The reason that it is easier to describe one's personality in words than one's face is that ______.(A) many words are available to describe personality(B) a person's personality is easily distinguished(C) people's personalities are very much alike(D) a person's face is more complex than his personality5. We learn from the passage that people are classified according to ______.(A) their way of wearing masks(B) their way of speaking and playing(C) their knowledge and behavior(D) their physical appearance and personalityQuestions 6~10:Before, whenever we had health, we stated discussing poverty. Why no now? Why is the current politics of wealth and poverty seemingly about wealth alone? Eight years ago, when Bill Clinton first ran for president, the Dow Jones average was under 3,500, yearly federal budget deficits were projected at hundreds of billions of dollars forever and beyond, and no one talked about the "permanent boom" or the "new economy." Yet in that more straitened time, Clinton made much of the importance of "not leaving a single person behind." It is possible that similar "compassionate" rhetoric might yet play a role in the general election.But it is striking how much less talk there is about the poor than there was eight years ago, when the country was economically uncertain, or in previous eras, when the country felt flush. Even last summer, when Clinton spent several days on a remarkable, Bobby Kennedy-like pilgrimage through impoverished areas from Indian reservations in South Dakota to ghetto neighborhoods in East St. Louis, the administration decided to refer to the effort not as a poverty tour but as a "new markets initiative."What is happening is partly a logical, policy-driven reaction. Poverty really is lower than ithas been in decades, especially for minority groups. The most attractive solution to it-a growing economy-is being applied. The people who have been totally left out of this boom often have medical, mental or other problems for which no one has an immediate solution. "The economy has sucked in anyone who has any preparation, any ability to cope with modern life," says Franklin D. Raines, the former director of the Office of Management and Budget who is now head of Fannie Mae. When he and other people who specialize in the issue talk about solutions, they talk analytically and long-term: education, development of work skills, shifts in the labor market, adjustment in welfare reform.But I think there is another force that has made this a rich era with barely visible poor people. It is the unusual social and imaginative separation between prosperous.America and those still left out. ... It's simple invisibility, because of increasing geographic, occupation, and social barriers that block one group from the other's view.6. The main idea of the passage is that ______.(A) The county is enjoying economic growth(B) The poor are benefiting from today's good economy(C) We were more aware of the poor than we are today(D) There were many more poor people tan there are today7. The organizational pattern of the first two paragraphs of this passage is______.(A) order of importance(B) comparison and contrast(C) chronological order(D) classification and division8. In line 6 of the first paragraph, the word straitened means ______.(A) prosperous(B) difficult(C) relaxing(D) significant9. From this passage, we can conclude that ______.(A) the status quo of the rich and the poor has changed(B) the good and prosperous economy will soon end(C) poverty will be removed as a result of increased wealth(D) all people benefit from good economic conditions10.According to the author, one important reason that we do not talk muchabout poverty is that ______.(A) no one knows what to do about it(B) poverty really is lower than in the past(C) no one has been left out of the current boom(D) the president is not concerned about the poorQuestions 11~15:Our visit to the excavation of a Roman fort on a hill near Coventry was of more than archaeological interest. The year's dig had been a fruitful one and had assembled evidence of a permanent military camp much larger than had at first been conjectured. We were greeted on the site by a group of excavators, some of them filling in a trench that had yielded an almost complete pot the day before, others enjoying the last-day luxury of a cigarette in the sun, but all happy to explain and talk about their work. If we had not already known it, nothing would have suggested that this was a party of prisoners from the nearby prison. This is not the first time that prison labour has been used in work of this kind, but here the experiment, now two years old, has proved outstandingly satisfactory.From the archaeologists' point of view, prisoners provide a steady force of disciplined labour throughout the entire season, men to whom it is a serious day's work, and not the rather carefree holiday job that it tends to be for the amateur archaeologist. Newcomers are comparatively few, and can soon be initiated by those already trained in the work. Prisoners may also be more accustomed to heavy work like shovelling and carting soil than the majority of students, and they also form a fair cross-section of the population and can furnish men whose special skills make them valuable as surveyors, draughtsmen of pottery restorers. When Coventry's Keeper of Archaeology went to the prison to appeal for help, he was received cautiously by the men, but when the importance of the work was fully understood, far more volunteers were forthcoming then could actually be employed. When they got to work on the site, and their efforts produced pottery and building foundations in what until last year had been an ordinary field, their enthusiasm grew till they would sometimes work through their lunch hour and tea break, and even carry on in the rain rather than sit it out in the hut. This was undoubtedly because the work was not only strenuous but absorbing, and called for considerable intelligence. The men worked always under professional supervision, but as the season went on they needed less guidance and knew when an expert should be summoned. Disciplinary problems were negligible: the men were carefully selected for their good conduct and working on a party like this was too valuable a privilege to be thrown away.The Keeper of Archaeology said that this was by far the most satisfactory form of labour that he had ever had, and that it had produced results, in quantity and quality, that could not have been achieved by any other means. A turf and timber fort built near the Roman highway through the middle of England in the first century A.D. had been excavated over an area of 14,000 square feet, and a section of turf rampart and palisade fully reconstructed by methods identical to those employed by the Roman army.The restoration of the Roman fort is being financed by Coventry Corporation as part of a plan to create a leisure amenity area. To this project prisoners have contributed work which otherwise would not have been performed and which benefits the whole community.11.The visit to the excavation site was ______.(A) of purely archaeological interest(B) fruitful because a complete pot was discovered(C) interesting in more than one way(D) made by a group of prisoners12.It can be assumed that archaeologists ______.(A) found that the prisoners worked far better than students(B) did not like the prisoners' carefree attitude to work(C) were willing to take only a few prisoners to work on the site(D) were often forced to discipline the prisoners13.Prisoners demonstrated their attitude to work by ______.(A) spending most of their time sitting in a hut(B) insisting on professional guidance(C) taking no initiative(D) working voluntarily14.When prisoners were selected for the work ______.(A) many of them refused to co-operate(B) their previous behaviour was taken into account(C) they were told they must work in all weathers(D) they were warned that there would be no privileges15.The Keeper of Archaeology said that ______.(A) he had expected more of the fort to be revealed(B) the palisade was very primitive(C) only prison labour could produce such good results(D) the methods to construct the Roman fort were proved identicalQuestions 16~20:Flats were almost unknown in Britain until the 1850s when they were developed, along with other industrial dwellings, for the laboring classes. These vast blocks were plainly a convenient means of easing social conscience by housing large numbers of the ever-present poor on compact city sites. During the 1880s, however, the idea of living in comfortable residential chambers caught on with the affluent upper and upper middle classes, and controversy as to the advantages and disadvantages of flat life was a topic of conversation around many a respectable dinner-table. In Paris and other major European cities, the custom whereby the better-off lived in apartments, or flats, was well established. Up to the late nineteenth century in England only bachelor barristers had established the tradition of living in rooms near the Law Court: any self-respecting head of household would insist upon a West End town house as his London home, the best that his means could provide.The popularity of flats for the better-off seems to have developed for a number of reasons. First, perhaps, through the introduction of the railways, which had enabled a wide range of people to enjoy a holiday staying in a suite at one of the luxury hotels which had begun to spring up during the previous decade. Hence, no doubt, the fact that many of the early luxury flats were similar to hotel suites, even being provided with communal dining-rooms and central boilers for hot water and heating. Rents tended to be high to cover overheads, but savings were made possibleby these communal amenities and by tenants being able to reduce the number of family servants.One of the earliest substantial London developments of flats for the well-to-do was begun soon after Victoria Railway Station was opened in 1860, as the train service provided an efficient link with both the City and the South of England. Victoria Street, adjacent to both the Station and Westminster, had already been formed, and under the direction of the architect, Henry Ashton, was being lined, with blocks of residential chambers in the Parisian manner. These flats were commodious indeed, offering between eight and fifteen rooms apiece, including appropriate domestic offices. The idea was an emphatic departure from the tradition of the London house and achieved immediate success.Perhaps the most notable block in the vicinity was Queen Anne's Mansions, partly designed by E. R. Robson in 1884 and recently demolished. For many years, this was London's loftiest building and had strong claims to be the ugliest. The block was begun as a wild speculation, modelled on the American skyscraper, and was nearly 200 feet high. The cliff-like walls of dingy brick completely overshadowed the modest thoroughfare nearby. Although bleak outside, the mansion flats were palatial within, with sumptuously furnished communal entertaining and dining rooms, and lifts to the uppermost floors. The success of these tall blocks of flats could not have been achieved, of course, without the invention of the lift, or 'ascending carriage' as it was called when first used in the Strand Law Courts in the 1870s.16.Flats first appeared in Britain in the middle of the 19th century when ______.(A) they were principally built for those families with several servants(B) people were not conscious of the crowded housing of the less well-to-do(C) there was increasing concern over accommodation for the poor(D) people became conscious of the social needs of the rural population17.English upper-middle-class families preferred to ______.(A) live mainly outside London, where it was healthier and cheaper(B) live near their working place(C) live in the West End(D) live in London, but mainly not in the West End18.One effect of the railways coming to central London was to stimulate the building of ______(A) large and well-appointed hotels(B) blocks of self-contained flats(C) rows of elegant town houses(D) flats similar to hotel suites19.The immediate success of the flats in Victoria Street could be attributed to ______.(A) their French style of architecture(B) their revolutionary style of architecture(C) the ease with which they could be used as offices(D) the unusual number of rooms each flat contained20.How does the writer refer to the interior and exterior of Queen Anne'sMansions?(A) They were elegantly decorated both inside and outside.(B) They were grim from the outside and had a modest decor inside.(C) They were flashy from the street but nondescript inside.(D) They were plain outside but with lavish interiors.Questions 21~25Troubled by the poor performance of their investments, many people are taking steps to halt erosion of their savings and rethink their financial plans .They are not sure what to do to maximize returns in light of stock market fluctuations, new tax laws, low interest rates and skyrocketing real estate values. "On an emotional level, people are petrified of making a mistake and losing more money," says financial counselor Denise Hughes. "The do-it-yourself investor of the 1990s is more comfortable now doing nothing." But doing nothing isn't better than doing something smart, especially as college, weddings and retirement loom. Here's what financial advisors are recommending to their clients:Plan for financial aidMost parents don't save nearly enough for children's education. They assume that investing in a 529 college plan is the best place for your savings, While a 529 plan offers tax-free growth and withdrawals for college costs—and in some cases a tax deduction—colleges look at these savings when sizing up eligibility and how much they will fork over. The same scrutiny is given to funds saved in a Coverdell IRA and in an account opened in your child's name. Do save aggressively for college in a taxable account in your name if your household income is below $ 100,000. In this case, your child will likely qualify for some financial aid. Do invest in a 529 savings plan if your income is higher than $100,000 and will likely remain at or above that level when your child enters college. In this case, the 529 plan is great because you probably won't qualify for financial aid anyway.Expect ups and downsStung by three straight years of stock market declines, many people have been shifting to lower-risk investments. But just as taking too much risk can hurt your portfolio's growth rate, so can hiding out in ultra, safe investments paying 1% or less.Do consider investing in funds that you'll hold on to for more than a year. Under the new tax law, long-term capital gains are taxed at a maximum of 15%, down from 20%. Do look at stock funds that pay dividends. Dividends on stocks used to be taxed at your personal income tax rate, Under the new law, they are now taxed at no more than 15%. Investing in these funds will not only hold down taxes but also sustain your portfolio's value in tough times.Forget high feesOver the next ten years, achieving the kind of double-digit returns we experienced over the past 20 years will be much harder, predicts Harold Evensky, a certified financial planner. "In the 1990s, the average rate of return for a portfolio allocated 60% to stocks and 40% to bonds was 13.2% after taxes and transaction expenses." Over the coming decade, this rate is expected to be closer to 5.5% as the 50-year historical average returns to the neighborhood of 8%. Don't pay unnecessarily high investment costs and fees. For example, if you can save half a percentage point on your fund expense ratio (the fee that funds charge you each year to manage your money), your。
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2001.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Sport Dictation1. television viewers2. recent research3. more far-reaching4. power of authority5. gets away with6. a social reality7. escape from 8. dangerous and frightening9. less trustful 10. police protection11. estimate 12. further evidence13. 33 14. instead of15. network TV 16. threat of danger17. exploit by the media 18. increasing pressure19. aggressive behavior 20. social control and stabilityPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 BCDAC 6-10 BCCBAC11-15 DACBC 16-20 DBABD21-25 ABCBA 26-30 BCCADPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence Translation１.当时那人就我们陈列在交易会上的新产品提了好多问题。
但是，他没有下任何定单。
2. 多数人在劳累工作了一天回家后都希望能休闲一下，诸如洗个热水澡或者聆听轻音乐。
3. 慢跑是一种慢速、稳定的奔。
最近几年来，慢跑已成为非常流行的一种户外活动。
4. 下山容易上山难，因此，染上坏习惯容易，养成好习惯难。
5. 如果你在快餐店或咖啡店就餐，你付５元钱或再多一点就能吃一顿。
但是如果你在旅馆或市中心的饭店用餐，你就要付十倍的钱。
Ⅱ. Passage TranslationPassage 11970年，一位美国人发明了一辆与众不同的自行车。
它看上去好像是将两辆自行车合为一辆，并且可同时供两人使用。
每一位骑车人都有自己的座位。
因为他们都有各自的手把，都能驾驭自行车。
然而，该项发明未能成功。
如果其中一位骑车人略微向左拐，另一位略微向右拐，两人都会摔倒在经。
Passage 2过去两年来，许多州和城市都已经在公共场所限制吸烟。
越来越多的饭店和其他私人企业鉴于健康的原因自觉出台有关吸烟的规定。
在纽约市，数以十计的冰淇淋食品店划出了禁烟区，而且看起来更多的顾客提出要坐在禁烟区，而不是吸烟区。
SECTION 2：STUDYSKILLS1-5 DDBBB 6-10 CBADB11-15 BBCDC 16-20 CDCBA21-25 CADCD 26-30 DDBDASECTION 3：TRANSLATION TEST (1)20年前，摩托罗拉公司带着近乎害怕的心理看待日本企业。
早在（20世纪）60年代，这个公司芝加哥的电视制造分公司规模大、利润高。
但在70年代初，高成本以及日本廉价电视机日趋上升的势头使其遭受重创。
“日本人非常嚣张，”摩托罗拉公司发言人马里奥·萨尔瓦多瑞追忆道,“他们想分享市场。
”通过残酷无情的价格战，他们如愿以偿，并最终把几乎所有美国电子公司赶出电视机行业。
1974年，摩托罗拉将其Quasar 电视生产厂卖给了一家日本公司。
但是，当其他美国公司在对外竞争中败北的时候，摩托罗拉公司重新调整了产业方向，转向无线通讯。
这是一个它在20年代开拓的产业（另外还有移动收音机和步话机）。
此举确有先见之明。
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2)According to a survey, about 40% of our country’s youth do not read any books other than their textbooks. I am shocked at the result. I remain suspicious of the survey, though the people concerned claim it to be scientific. Despite my suspicion, the fact is that more and more young people, instead of reading, spend their spare time watching TV, going to dance parties, playing video games or chitchatting. Gorgy once said:“Books are steps toward human progress.”As we all know, books is a crystallization of human wisdom. Although modern media such as TV and computers enjoy advantages in the speed of information dissemination, so far none of them can replace books in respect of the depth of knowledge being spread.听力测试题录音文字稿:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Sport DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the correstponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Now, let’s begin Part A with Spot Dictation.(Woman) Many people nowadays are concerned about violence on television. Most of themfear that it stimulates television viewers to violent or aggressive acts. However, in my lecture today, I’d like to show you, from our recent research, that the consequences of experiencing television’s symbolic world of violence can be much more far-reaching.We have found that television dramatically demonstrates not only the power of authority in our society, but also the risks involved in breaking society’s rules. Violence-filled programs on television show us who gets away with what, and against whom. These programs teach the role of victim, and help us to accept violence as a social reality which we must learn to live with or escape from.We have found that people who watch a lot of television see the real world as more dangerous and frightening than those who watch very little. Heavy TV viewers are less trustful of strangers on the street and more fearful of the real world. Their fear may well bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of law-and-order politicians. When we asked viewers to estimate their own chances of being involved in some type of violence during any given week, they provide further evidence that television can induce fear and alertness: the heavy viewers were 33 percent more likely than the light viewers to pick such fearful estimates as 50-50 or one in 10, instead of a more plausible one in 100.We have found that violence on prime-time network TV cultivates exaggerated assumptions about the threat of danger in the real world. Fear is a universal emotion, and naturally, easy to exploit by the media. The exaggerated sense of risk and insecurity may lead to increasing demands for protection, and to increasing pressure for the use of force by established authority. Therefore, instead of stimulating individual aggressive behavior and threatening the social order, television may have become our chief instrument of social control and stability.Part B: Listening ComprehensionⅠ. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken only once, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question No.1. (Woman) The MBA program of that well-know university I attended last year was rather difficult, but I got a lot out the courses there.Question No.2. (Woman) The Vice President has a full schedule with a series of meetings next Monday and Tuesday, and have assistants.Question No.3. (Man) The general manager was surprised to see so many people shopping at his supermarkets during the holiday break.Question No.4. (Man) I think the applicant lacks the necessary qualifications for the post as a computer programmer in that hi-tech corporation.Question No.5. (Woman) Don’t worry. I think Jack can fix that projector in the lab, there’s really nothing to it.Question No.6. (Woman) Although Jenny and I have many differences of opinion, we usually get along well most of the time.Question No.7. (Man) I’m afraid you’ll have to revise and type the memorandum of understanding a second time.Question No.8. (Man) In their studies and reports, both economists and government officials have underestimated the rate of inflation of this country.Question No.9. (Man) Our company has decided to set up a display for the city’s forthcoming Science and Technology Week.Question No.10. (Woman) Within the past century, scientists have been trying unsuccessfully to find a real cure for the common cold.Ⅱ. Talks and Conversations:Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions only once. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following conversation.(Woman) Good afternoon, I’d like some information about the trains, please.(Man) Yes, madam. Which train? Where are you going?(Woman) To Newcastle. You see. I have a sister there, you know. We had a phone all yesterday and she invited me over to stay for the weekend, so…(Man) So your question is “when’s the next train to Newcastle”? Is that right? (Woman) Yes, that’s right. When is next train to Newcastle, please?(Man) At half past eleven. That’s in about a minute.(Woman) Thank you very much. Oh! Can I get something to eat on the train? I always have something to eat when I travel. I find that a cup of tea and a sandwich always helpmy nerves.(Man) Yes, madam. There’s a buffet car on the train.(Woman) Oh, good! Er…how much does a cup of tea cost？(Man) I’m not sure, madam. Half a pound, I think.(Woman) You mean fifty pennies! Oh dear! Things are getting so expensive!(Man) Yes, madam. Your train’s going to leave in half a minute now.(Woman) Thank you. Oh! Which platform does it leave from?(Man) Platform 13.(Woman) platform 13! Oh, dear! I never travel on trains that leave from platform 13! 13’s an unlucky number. When is the next train after the 11:30?Question No.11. Why does the woman want to go to Newcastle?Question No.12. According to the man, when will the next train to Newcastle leave?Question No.13. What does the woman like to have when she is traveling?Question No.14. How much will the woman have to pay for a cup of tea?Questions 15 to 18 are based on the following advertisement.(Woman) Geographically speaking, Britain is by no means a big country. From north to south and from east to west it is only about three hundred miles, or four hundred and eighty kilometers, across. But small as it is, Britain has a surprising range of climates. People who have never visited this country, or who have visited only one part of it, often make the mistake of thinking that it is clod and wet in Britain. Have you ever heard of a typical Englishman wearing a bowler hat and carrying an umbrella all the time? His image is well known all over the world. You may assume that this is because he lives in a cold and rainy country. Well, except for the summer months of June to September this is a probably true of the north of Britain and the Midlands. In the south, however, the weather is much more pleasant. As a result, when people retire from a job in the north, they often prefer no move down to the warmer and milder south.Perhaps the warmest part of the country is the southwest, namely, the counties of Devon and Cornwall. Every year, the warm Gulf Stream flows across the North Atlantic Ocean from the Gulf of Mexico and brings a quite warm and mild climate to the coastal regions of the southwest. In this part of the country grows semi-tropical plants such as bamboo and palm trees. Flowers and vegetables ripen as a month earlier than those elsewhere. In winter, while there may be several feet of snow in other parts of Britain, there will probably be no snow at all in the southwest. That is why the southwestern counties remain to be Britain’s most popular holiday areas all the year round.Question No.15. According to the talk, which is the best season for people in the north of Britain to enjoy mild and pleasant climates?Question No.16. What is the approximate distance from the north coastal lines of Britain to the south coastal lines?Question No.17. Which of the following best describes the weather conditions in Britain? Question No.18. Why are Devon and Cornwall popular holiday areas all the year round?Question 19 to 22 are based on the following conversation.(Woman) John, do you think we make too much use of tinned and frozen food in Britain? The supermarkets here are full of them, aren’t they? Perhaps that is why our food is notvery tasty, as you may have found out already.(Man) But frozen foods are convenient and handy, aren’t they? Just think of all the tedious work we have to do in the kitchen if it weren’t for the frozen foods and the like. (Woman) Yes, that’s true! But you spend much more time cooking and preparing meals in your country than we do in Britain, don’t you?(Man) Yes, I suppose we do. You make less fuss about food than we do. In my own country, we have two big meals a day, that is, lunch and dinner, and we spend a lot of timepreparing them. Here in Britain, you have only one big meal a day, apart frombreakfast and lunch snack, and you spend much less time preparing it. (Woman) Yes, but we’re just as fond of good and delicious food as you are.(Man) Well, you certainly don’t show it !(Woman) We do fuss about our meals sometimes, and remember, we like to eat out on special occasions, such as weekend evenings, birthday, parties and other celebrations.London is full of foreign restaurants where you can get all the exotic dishes of theworld. You must come out with us one evening, John.(Man) Thank you very much, I’d love to. And that’s what I like about London. There’s always so much to see and do. I think I have made a wise decision when I chose tolive and study in London.Question No.19. According to John, what is true about the British people?Question No.20. Which of the following is the only big meal for the British people?Question No.21. According to the conversation, what do the British people like to do on special occasions?Question No.22. Why do the man and the woman prefer toe live in London?Questions 23 to 26 are based on the following talk.(Man) The first TV dinners came out in the United States in the 1950s, and they were immediately regarded as a major advance in the invention of “social convenience.”However, there are those people who believe that the introduction of TV dinners has weakened the ties of the American family. This was brought about by the change in that long-standing tradition of family life—the evening meal.Before television became popular with the average American family, the typical American dinner would involve almost all th4e family members. The dinner would take part in three stages: the preparation stage, the eating stage and the clean-up stage. In the preparation stage, the children often helped with setting the table while the mother cooked the meal. In the eating stage, the family members, old and young, would talk about their day’s activities as they ate. As noon as the evening meal was over, the children were again involved in the cleaning-up stage, so that, as in the first two stages, their importance within the family was clear.After the arrival of television, the eating stage began to change. Family members could now eat and watch television at the same time. As a result, they stopped talking to each other. It was the TV dinner, however, that killed off the preparation and the clean-up stages. Before long, all people had to do was use a fork, since the TV dinner could go from the oven to the lap, and from the lap to the rubbish bin with great ease.By the beginning of the 1980s, the typical American family dinner was just 20 minutes long. Of course, the pace of modern life has increased, and this has affected the time we spent over dinner. But the introduction of a meal that could be eaten between the start and finish of a 30-minute television programmed has also contributed to this change of our family life. Question No.23. According to the talk, what is a TV dinner?Question No.24. Compared with the traditional American dinner, what stages are not included in the modern TV dinner?Question No.25. What did American Children use to do in the preparation stage of the eveningmeal?Question No.26. According to the talk, how long will a typical American dinner last in the 1980s?Questions 27 to 30 are based on the following conversation.(Man) Erm, well, you name’s Julia.(Woman) Julia Brown, yes.(Man) Julia Brown. I’m Allan Lee.(Woman) Hello.(Man) Hi. Erm, whereabouts do you live?(Woman) I live in Forest Hill, south-east London.(Man) Oh yeah. I used to live near there.(Woman) Not far away.(Man) No. V ery near. Actually I really enjoyed living there. Are you working near there? (Woman) I work in London. I am with the IBM, as a computer programmer. I also work as an administrator for a small charity organization. Erm, that’s only part-time. I alsowork in a wine-bar. That’s part –time, too.(Man) You mean part-time work in the evenings?(Woman) Erm, yeah, two evenings a week.(Man) Right. Yeah. It’s quite a long way in from Forest Hill, mm?(Woman) It’s quite a journey into Central London. Both the charity office and the wine-bar are in Hatton Garden, Central London, you know.(Man) Yeah. That’s right. But you get the mainline in? I mean the mainline from southeast London into Central London?(Woman) Yes, that’s into Charing Cross, and erm, I tend to walk from there to Hatton Garden, yes. Trying to get fit.(Man) Right. I’m quite lucky. I work at home.(Woman) What do you do?(Man) I’m a pianist. So I spend most of the day practicing. Trying to er, get as many recitals as possible.(Woman) Do you teach piano lessons?(Man) Er I don’t at the moment, no. I’m just concentrating on playing sort of ,six hours a day, five days a week, that kind of thing. But erm, getting yourself established ispretty difficult.(Woman) Yes, so do you—are actually working, playing at the moment?(Man) Erm. Yeah, well I’ve just done two concerts, in the North. And I am now trying to enter for a competition, in Austria, next January. So erm, maybe something’ll comeout of that. I look forward to that kind of competition, and I’m really working hard. Question No.27. What is the woman’s full-time job during the day?Question No.28. In which part of London does the woman live?Question No.29. What does the man do for a living?Question No.30. What is the man going to do earlier next year?Part C: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have herd each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write you version in the corresponding space in ANSWER BOOKLET. Now, let’s begin Sentence Translation with Sentence No.1. The man asked a lot of questions about our new products displayed at the trade fair. Nevertheless, he didn’t book any orders.Sentence No.2. Most people want to have some form of relaxation when they come home after a hard day’s work, such as taking a hot bath or listening to some light music. Sentence No.3. Jogging is a slow, steady kind of running. In recent years, it has become very popular as a form of outdoor exercise.Sentence No.4. It is easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so it is easier to fall into bad habits than into good ones.Sentence No.5. You can get a meal for about $5 or slightly more if you eat in snack bars or coffee shops. But if you eat in a hotel or a downtown restaurant, you areexpected to pay ten times as much.Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2passages in English. You will hear the passages only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your answer booklet. You may take notes while you are listening. Now, let’s begin Passage Translation with the first passage.Passage 1(Woman) In 1979, an American man invented an unusual bicycle. It looked like two bicycles in one and it could be used by two people at the same time. On the new bicycle each person had their own bicycle seat and each person would be able to ride the bicycle because they both had their own set of handlebars. However, the invention was not a successful one. If one person turned a little to the left and the other a little right, both riders fell onto the ground.Passage 2(Man) In the past two years, many states and cities have limited smoking in public places. An increasing number of hotels, restaurants and other private enterprises have voluntarily introduced smoking regulations for health reasons. For example, in New York City, a dozen ice cream shops have set up non-smoking sections and there seems to be more demand for seats in non-smoking sections than in smoking sections.。