模拟25
剑桥商务英语初级模拟25
剑桥商务英语初级模拟25READINGPART ONE· Look at questions 1-5· In each question, which sentence is correct?· For each question, mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer sheet.1、 Payment on the above order is now overdue.A. The order is not paid.B. The order is not placed.C. The order is delayed.2、 When collecting parcels from this post office, you will need to produce documentation which proves your identity.A. You cannot post parcels from here without documentation.B. Yoa should collect post and documents at the same time.C. You must bring something in writing showing who you are.3、MEMOTo: PeterFrom: TomThe public leaflets for the new model will not be back from the printers until Friday 11 September.A. We might have the leaflets before 11 September.B. We won't have the leaflets before 11 September.C. We are sure to have the leaflets before 11 September.4、 SPORTSMAN TMASTERPakistan-based manufacturer of sports items wishing to do business in Europe is looking for importers.TEL: 85 655 7320Sportsman wants toA. sell its products abroad.B. import products into Pakistan.C. manufacture in Europe.5、 Emily,Re our new catalogue, just received, Vanters want to see 'Primavers' cloth. Please send samples urgently. (They've got prices.)Vanters needA. samples of material.B. the latest catalogue,C. a current price list.PART TWO· kook at the checklist below. It shows the documents (A - H) which areneeded to export machinery.· For questions 6-10, decide which documents the people are talking about.· For each question, mark the correct letter (A - H).· Do not use any letter more than once.A. ShippingB. DrawingsC. InvoiceD. SpecificationsE. HandbookF. Parts listG. Registration from h. Guarantee6、 2% discount if payment is within ten days.7、 The customer fills it in and returns it in order to go on our customer mailing list.8、 If they aren't correct, the machine won't get through customs.9、 It's translated so the engineers know how to operate the machine properly.10、 We normally mark on it the spares that we think the customer should always keep in stack.PART THREE· Look at the chart below. It shows a restaurant's income, total expenditure and advertising costs during an eight-month period.· Which month does each sentence (11-15) describe'?· For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.11、 In this month, total expenditure, like income, showed a tall, while spending on advertising demonstrated the opposite trend.12、 Total expenditure rose slightly in lifts mouth, while advertising costs reached their peak, leading to a higher income in the following month. 13、 Despite a decline in advertising costs in this month, expenditure as a whole rose.14、 This month's improvement in income was particularly welcome, as it wasnot matched by an increase in expenditure.15、 While this month saw a low point in the restaurant's income, expenditure continued to fall.PART FOUR· Read the following passage about traffic.· Are the sentences 16-22 "Right" or "Wrong"? If there isn't enough information to answer "Right" or "Wrong", choose "Doesn't say".· For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer Sheet. Too many cars?Everyone agrees that there are simply too many cars on the road but who will be the first to stop using theirs? Although everyone hates being stuck in traffic, no one sees their cars as part of the growing problem. However, with traffic growth up to 84 per cent expected by 2025 and the ever-increasing cost of accidents and delays already at $160 bn in Europe, there is a growing need to change our 'culture' and develop alternative forms of transport as quickly as possible.One answer is to make cars more expensive by increasing taxes on petrol. However, tax increases will affect the people who live in the country more than city drivers and do little to reduce inner city traffic. The Government is also looking at pay-as-you-drive schemes on motorways but this will push cars on to smaller 'free' roads, which will make the problem worse,A successful transport policy is not just a question of making the car too expensive but of offering car drivers a real alternative. Many motorists dislike driving to work but say public transport services are too slow, offer poor quality and are tar too expensive. If new transport policies are to succeed, public transport needs to be quick, reliable and affordable.Transport planners are also developing ways of managing the existing road network more efficiently. New technology such as smart cards and electronic monitoring of roads will lead to a more efficient use of transport systems. However, technology will not reduce the number of cars on the road or solve the real problem of how to persuade car drivers to leave their beloved cars at home more often.16、 Pay-as-you-drive schemes will reduce the amount of traffic on motorways.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say17、 The Government is planning to build more roads in the future.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say18、 Delays and accidents will cost Europe $160 bn in 2025.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say19、 The use of new technology will reduce the amount of traffic.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say20、 Cars are the only form of transport that has grown since 2004.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say21、 The Government is going to double the tax on petrol.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say22、 The Government is developing ways of using the existing roads more efficiently.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't sayPART FIVE· Read the following passage below about the factors that influence buying behavior.· For each question (23-28), choose the correct answer.· Mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer sheet.FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE BUYING BEHAVIORThroughout the buying process, various factors may' influence a buyer's purchase decision. An awareness of these factors and consumer preferences enables companies to appeal to the group most likely to respond to its products and services. Some of these factors include the following.CULTURE. The culture and subcultures we belong to shape our values, attitudes, and beliefs, and they influence the way we respond to tike world around us. Understanding culture is therefore an increasingly important step in international business and in marketing in diverse countries such as the United States.SOCIAL CLASS. In addition to being members of a particular culture, we also belong to a certain social class — upper, middle, lower, m' somewhere in between. In general, members of various classes enjoy different activities, buy different goods, shop in different places, and react to different media. REFERENCE GROUP. A reference group consists of people who have a good deal in common—family members, friends, co-workers, fellow students, teenagers, sports enthusiasts, music lovers, computer buffs. We are all members of many such reference groups, and we use the opinions of the appropriate group as a benchmark when we buy certain types of products or services. For example, shopping malls are today losing what has long been their most faithful audience —teens. That's because Generation Xers (those born between 1965 and 1978) think that malls are for parents and that malls have too many rules. So some retailers like Urban Outfitters and Tower Records refuse to open stores in most malls.SELF-IMAGE. The tendency to believe that "you are what you buy" is especially prevalent among young people. Marketers capitalize on our need to express our identity through our purchases by emphasizing the image value of products and services. That's why professional athletes and musicians are frequently used as product endorsers—so that we incorporate part of their public image into our own self-image. After all, doesn't everyone want to "be like Mike Jordan"?SITUATIONAL FACTORS. These factors include events or circumstances occurring in our lives that are more circumstantial in nature. For example, you have a coupon, you're in a hurry, it's Valentine's Day, it's your birthday, you're in a bad mood, and so on. Situational factors influence our buying patterns.23、 Consumer preferences help companiesA. to manufacture products customers like most.B. to improve their products.C. to satisfy their customers.24、 What message can we gel from the article?A. Different people have different buying patterns.B. Culture is the most important factor in international business.C. Members of different social classes dislike each other.25、 What docs a reference group do?A. Its members know each other very well.B. Members of the group influence each other.C. All members like the same thing.26、 Teenagers do not like malls any more becauseA. they don't like the shopping environment.B. the products are out-dated.C. the prices are too high.27、 What may happen if a person has got a coupon?A. He may keep it.B. He may give it to his relative.C. He may buy more things.28、 Who will be most interested in this article?A. Economists.B. Retailers.C. Marketing managers.PART SIX· Head tile newspaper article below about new alliance in the packaging industry.· Choose the best word to fill in each gap, from A, B or C.· For each question (29-40), mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer Sheet.THE BIG NUMBERThe country's demand for telephones, mobile phones, faxes and the Internet is growing at an increasingly fast rate. In fact, it isgrowing 29 quickly that our telephone numbering system needsre-organizing 30 some major changes will have to 31 made.These changes, 32 , will make the system simpler and easier to use. It is 33 an important task that all the UK phone companies are working together to make 34 changes. The changes will 35 only make hundreds ofmillions of new numbers, but they will 36 bring order and flexibility to the system for years to come.37 main changes are due to happen 38 now and the year 2006, which will give you 39 of time to prepare. You will find details of the numberchanges on our website, 40 you can visit any time at www. numberchange, org, or call our free phone helpline on 800—820—7713.29、 A. so B. that C. too30、 A. and B. with C. before31、 A. been B. be C. being32、 A. despite B. however C. although33、 A. much B. such C. so34、 A. this B. there C. these35、 A. if B. not C. but36、 A. furthermore B. additionally C. also37、 A. The B. Those C. Their38、 A. from B. between C. until39、 A. plenty B. many C. lot40、 A. when B. who C. which PART SEVEN· Read the memo and the application letter below.· Complete the record card.· Write a word, phrase or number in spaces 41-45 on your Answer Sheet. From: Julie Fox President EXT. 2305Menlo:Ivy,Another applicant for the Personnel Officer's post. Please complete the form and file the CV for me.Thanks.13 GrangewoodCourt-HeyLondon22nd September 2007Dear Ms Fox,I would like to apply for the vacancy advertised on your Internet website yesterday.I have been working as a Personnel Officer for LPE for over 8 years now, and feel that it is time that I extended my skills to a more responsible and rewarding job. I have a Master's degree in nuclear physics, I can speak three languages, and have often found that this is a good quality in an employee.I look forward to receiving your response.Yours sincerely,Ivy SmithApplicant Information FormPosition applied for: 41 ______Name of applicant: 42 ______Language skills: 43 ______Current employer: 44 ______Present qualifications: 45 ______WRITINGPART ONE· You arc Andrew Trellis. You have organized a marketing conference foryour company at the International Conference Centre, Hong Kong.· Writing a memo to the delegates:√ Saying where the conference will be√ Saying when the conference will be√ Asking everyone to confirm if they can attend.· Write 30 40 words.· Write on your Answer Sheet.46、MEMOFrom: Andrew TrellisTo: Marketing PersonnelPART TWO· Read the letter from a salesperson enquiring about the transport and accommodation arrangements for a conference you have organized.47、…I am writing to confirm my attendance at this year's sales conference from 5th to 8th April.I will be arriving on the 5th and would like to stay until the 8th so that I can do some sightseeing. Could you possibly reserve me an extra night in the same hotel? I would also be very grateful if you could recommend some place for me to visit in my free time.I look forward to hearing from you.…· Write a letter of reply:√ Agreeing to make the hotel booking√ Explaining that she will have to pay the extra night√ Asking her for her flight details√ Suggesting places for her to visit.· Write 60-80 words.· Write on your Answer Sheet. Do not include any postal addresses. LISTENINGPART ONE· For questions 1-8 you will hear eight short recordings.· For each question, mark one letter (A, B orC. for the correct answer.· You will hear the eight recordings twice.48、 What is the order number?A. 330B. 230C. 3049、 Which department does the woman work for?A. Finance DepartmentB. Technical DepartmentC. Marketing Department50、 When will the delivery service come to pick up the parcel?A. 3:00B. 4:00C. 5:0051、 Why is Mr. Bloom late for his meeting?A. He has to go to the bank.B. He can't find his way.C. His train is delayed.52、 Which line shows productivity correctly?53、 How does the man feel about moving offices?A. Confident.B. Anxious.C. Disappointed.54、 What will help the company to increase production?A. Reducing packaging.B. Offering overtime work.C. Hiring temporary stair.55、 Where should staff leave office cars?A. In front of the office.B. At the back of the building.C. Outside reception.PART TWO· Look at the telephone message below.· Some information is missing.· You will hear a dialogue between a man and a woman.· For each question (9-15), fill in the missing information in the numbered space, using a word, numbers or letters.· You will hear the conversation twice.Telephone Message From: 56 To: 57Name of the caller's company: 58Problem: Something is wrong with a machine whose model is: 59 , which was bought about 60 ago. No 61 has been sent to the customer.Ways to solve the problem: Send a service operator on Wednesday at 62 in the afternoon together with some instruction.PART THREE· Look at the notes below.· Some information is missing.· You will hear part of a talk given to a group of new empolyees.· For each question (16-22), fill in the missing information in the numbered space using one or two words.· You will hear the presentation twice.FIRST DAY AT JPCOur personnel officer is: 63 Joan ______Location of coffeemachines, noticeboards: 64 on ______Tax enquiry to: 65 ______Presentation: 2:40 pmVenue: Conference RoomSubject: 66 ______Day of buffet lunch: 67 ______Colour photocoping 68 ______require:See Jerf: 69 ______Said for:PART FOUR· You will hear a conversation between a senior manager, Justine, and his assistant, Martin.· For each question (23-30), mark one letter (A, B orC. for the correct answer.· You will hear the conversation twice.70、 Justine is particularly pleased about the companyA. receiving an award.B. increasing its share price.C. getting a new client.71、 What is the main cause of the company's rising costs?A. Import taxes.B. Publicity.C. Premises.72、 Which expenses do they want to reduce?A. Entertainment.B. Stationery.C. Telephone.73、 More training is required because the company hasA. bought new computer software.B. recruited new members of staff.C. increased its range of customers.74、 How will the company organize the training?A. Send staff to a college.B. Use current staff members.C. Employ external trainers.75、 When the next brochure is printed, it willA. have an improved design.B. include a new product.C. contain extra information.76、 What problem are they experiencing with Johnson's?A. The quality of goods.B. The high prices.C. The speed of deliveries.77、 What will they do about the problem with Johnson's?A. Send them a letter.B. Check every order.C. Contact other suppliers.SPEAKINGPART 178、The interview—about 2 minutesIn this part the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.PART 279、In this part of the test you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic. You have to choose one topic frmn the two below and then talk for about one minute. You have one minute to prepare.A WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ...?WORKING IN A DIFFERENT CULTURE· Housing· Communication· FoodB WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ...?NEGOTIATING A DEAL· Make a preparation· Emotions· AimsPART 380、Discussion— about 5 minutesIn this part of the test the examiner reads out a scenario and gives you some prompt material in the form of picture or words. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, and then about 2 minutes to discuss the scenario with your partner. After that the examiner will ask you more questions related to tile topic.ScenarioI'm going to describe a situation.You are going to London for a conference next week. Your personal assistant comes to your office for the arrangements of the business travel. Talk together for about two minutes and decide which three are most important in planning a business trip.Here are some ideas to help you.Prompt material· Appointment arrangement· Schedule· Transport· Accommodation· Contact names and numbers· Presentation at the conference· Clothes to take· Language spoken答案:READINGPART ONE1、A2、C3、B4、A5、APART TWO6、 7、 8、 9、 10、PART THREE11、 12、 13、 14、 15、PART FOUR16、A 17、C 18、B 19、B 20、B 21、C 22、A PART FIVE23、C 24、A 25、B 26、A 27、C 28、BPART SIX29、A 30、A 31、B 32、B 33、B 34、C 35、B 36、C 37、A 38、B 39、A 40、CPART SEVEN41、 Personnel Officer 42、 Ivy Smith 43、 44、 LPE 45、Master's degree in nuclear physicsWRITINGPART ONE46、The marketing conference is from 8 to 12 July at the International Conference Centre, Hong Kong. You should arrive in time for dinner on Friday evening. Please confirm whether you will be able to attend or not. PART TWO47、Dear Sir or Madam,Further to your letter of 5th April, I am writing to confirm your travel and accommodation arrangements. I have reserved you a hotel room from the5th to 9th of April. However. the company can only pay for the first four nights, If you let us have your flight details we can arrange for someone to meet you at the airport and take you to your hotel, If you want to do some sightseeing here, I advise you to visit the ancient town. for it is famous and special.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely,JaneLISTENINGPART ONE48、A[解析]F: Hello, can I speak to your purchasing manager, David?M: David Speaking.F: Nice to hear you. I am calling to confirm your order No. 330.M: When can we expect our order?F: We will deliver your order at two thirty next Monday. Is that OK?M: Goad.49、B[解析]F: Nice to meet you. Robert. Do you also work in electronics?M: No, my major was mathematics when I was in college, but now I am in finance. What about you?F: Oh, I work for Persons —in the Technical Department. To be more specific, I work in computers.M: I see. That's why you axe so skillful with the computer work.50、B[解析]M: When will UPS man come to collect the parcel?F: They'll come for the parcel at 4 pm.M: It's 2:30 now. Can you get the parcel ready in one hour?51、C[解析]M: John Beck speaking.F: Hello. This is Mr. Bloom's secretary. I'm afraid Mr. Bloom's going to be late for his meeting with you at your bank. There's been a problem with his train. It's nearly an hour late, I'm afraid.M: OK. Thanks for letting me know. Oh, does Mr. Bloom know how to find us? We moved offices last month.F: Yes, your secretary faxed us a map. Thanks.52、C[解析]M: These figures are interesting, aren't they? I expected to see the highest productivity in the earliest part of the day, and the lowest at the end. F: But... in fact, the peak time's just before midday, isn't it?M: And performance is better at the end of the day than it is after lunch.I imagined it'd be the other way round.53、A[解析]M: We're relocating during the week starting December 17th.F: That's going to be a bit tight, isn't it, Peter?M: We'll all just have to make sure we've got a good plan and inform everyone well in advance.F: That's easier said than done.M: It'll be fine — don't worry.54、A[解析]F: I expect you're all celebrating, aren't you? I hear you've had a huge new order.M: Well, yes ... but resources are a problem. We've got to increase production, and staff are already doing overtime. So, we're cutting down on the packaging to push things through faster.F: Couldn't you take on temporary staff?M: We considered that, but decided against it in the end.55、B[解析]F: Do you know about the new arrangements for office cars?M: I always park them on the road outside.F: Well, now we have to leave them on-site behind the building.M: What about the keys? I left them in the car last time I parked on the premises.F: The gates are locked at night, but it's probably safer to leave them in the box outside reception.PART TWO56、Robert Harvey[解析] 9-15F: Hallo. IBM Sales and Service, Kate Scott speaking.M: Good morning, Mrs. Scott, Robert Harvey of New York Life here.F: How do you spell your name, please?M: Robert Harvey. That is R-O-B-E-R-T, H-A-R-V-E-Y.F: Oh ... hello, Mr. Harvey, what can I do for you?M: We bought an IBM-R50 from you about four months ago and we're having some problems with it.F: Can you tell me what the main problem is, Mr. Harvey?M: I don't think that it's anything major. It just seems that the quality of the printouts could be better.F: I see. Has your staff been given instruction on how to operate the machine? M: I don't believe we've had any formal instruction yet, Mrs. Scott.F: That's strange. I'll send a service operator over. If you'd like, he could also give your staff some instruction on how to use your new IBM-R50.M: That sounds fine.F: When would it be convenient for you?M: How about Wednesday at three in the afternoon?F: That would be possible. I'll send you a confirmation of that appointment. M: Thanks a lot. Bye, Mrs. Scott.F: Thanks for calling, Mr. Harvey. Bye.57、 Kate Scott 58、 New York Life 59、 IBM-R50 60、 4 months 61、 instruction 62、PART THREE63、Rueckert[解析] 16-22Welcome to JPC. You know already how valuable your skills will be to us as we expand I believe you have fifteen different languages between you.There are three of us in Personnel and I'm the one you should come to for any help or information. The other two are Tom Miller and Jeff Said, and my name is Joan Rueckert, that's R-U-E-C-K-E-R-T. I'd just like to give you a few practical details now, before the MD comes to talk to you.Firstly, the canteen on the ground floor is open all day for coffee, meals, etc. , but there are also coffee machines on the top floor, where we have all the company noticeboards, so staff often meet there to talk.Next, some of you have asked about your tax position ... and for any tax questions, you need to contact the Accounts Office, general salary enquiries can be made to the Finance Office itself. Two events, now. Today, in the conference room, at 2:40, there'll be a presentation it's not on new developments as the notices say, it's actually on marketing. You're welcome to attend to see how we're moving in that area. There'll also be a buffet lunch for all staff working on the. new projects —that includes you, that's on Wednesday — sorry, I mean Thursday — you'll get full details later.Finally, sometimes you'll need to use the machines in the print room. The first time you go there, register for a plastic card — you don't need it for ordinary photocopiers, but you do for the colour ones.The other thing to sign up for, if you want to, is the sports club, just two minutes from hero. If you're interested, see Jeff Said, who'll give you an application form.Right, that's all for the moment. Here's coffee, and the MD is just come through now.64、 top floor 65、 Accounts (Office) 66、 marketing 67、 Thursday 68、 (plastic) card 69、 (an) application form for the sports clubPART FOUR70、A[解析] 23-30F: There's quite a lot to talk about.M: Well, Justine, it doesn't matter if we don't cover everything today. OK, Justine, let's see how we go.F: Things are looking good, aren't they? Definitely. I'm very pleased. We've gone beyond our sales targets. Our share price is stable. And, of course, you know Eurocom were going to move but they've chosen to keep their contract-with us after all. But winning the prize for British Exporter of the year was the best thing, as far as I'm concerned.M: On the other hand, there is the problem of rising costs. Yes, even though we avoided another rent increase...F: But all those expensive newspaper advertisements ... Yes, that's the real problem, although they are partly balanced by the decrease in import duties. M: Mmm ... meanwhile, you want to limit our expenses where possible? Yes, certainly. Actually, the budget for entertaining clients is fairly reasonable, and very necessary. It's the cost of phone calls that worries me. It seems far too high.F: Everyone should be using e-mail wherever possible if you want to save on communications generally.M: Um, we've already got cheaper paper from the printers, which is a start. True. Now onto training. We need to be clear where this demand for training is coming from.F: Well, our own success, basically. Our customer base is expanding all the time. Our staff... who are up to date with new computer applications... M: Yes, they're OK for that, but they have to deal with all these new clients. They'll need a wider range of skills than they have at the moment. We could contact the business school. Perhaps they could send us some of their。
剑桥商务英语初级模拟25
剑桥商务英语初级模拟25剑桥商务英语初级模拟25READINGPART ONE· Look at questions 1-5· In each question, which sentence is correct?· For each question, mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer sheet.1、 Payment on the above order is now overdue.A. The order is not paid.B. The order is not placed.C. The order is delayed.2、 When collecting parcels from this post office, you will need to produce documentation which proves your identity.A. You cannot post parcels from here without documentation.B. Yoa should collect post and documents at the same time.C. You must bring something in writing showing who you are.3、MEMOTo: PeterFrom: TomThe public leaflets for the new model will not be back from the printers until Friday 11 September.A. We might have the leaflets before 11 September.B. We won't have the leaflets before 11 September.C. We are sure to have the leaflets before 11 September.4、 SPORTSMAN TMASTERPakistan-based manufacturer of sports items wishing to do business in Europe is looking for importers.TEL: 85 655 7320Sportsman wants toA. sell its products abroad.B. import products into Pakistan.C. manufacture in Europe.5、 Emily,Re our new catalogue, just received, Vanters want to see 'Primavers' cloth. Please send samples urgently. (They've got prices.)Vanters needA. samples of material.B. the latest catalogue,C. a current price list.PART TWO· kook at the checklist below. It shows the documents (A - H) which areneeded to export machinery.· For questions 6-10, decide which documents the people are talking about.· For each question, mark the correct letter (A - H).· Do not use any letter more than once.A. ShippingB. DrawingsC. InvoiceD. SpecificationsE. HandbookF. Parts listG. Registration from h. Guarantee6、 2% discount if payment is within ten days.7、 The customer fills it in and returns it in order to go on our customer mailing list.8、 If they aren't correct, the machine won't get through customs.9、 It's translated so the engineers know how to operate the machine properly.10、 We normally mark on it the spares that we think the customer should always keep in stack.PART THREE· Look at the chart below. It shows a restaurant's income, total expenditure and advertising costs during an eight-month period.· Which month does each sentence (11-15) describe'?· For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.11、 In this month, total expenditure, like income, showed a tall, while spending on advertising demonstrated the opposite trend.12、 Total expenditure rose slightly in lifts mouth, while advertising costs reached their peak, leading to a higher income inthe following month. 13、 Despite a decline in advertising costs in this month, expenditure as a whole rose.14、 This month's improvement in income was particularly welcome, as it wasnot matched by an increase in expenditure.15、 While this month saw a low point in the restaurant's income, expenditure continued to fall.PART FOUR· Read the following passage about traffic.· Are the sentences 16-22 "Right" or "Wrong"? If there isn't enough information to answer "Right" or "Wrong", choose "Doesn't say".· For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer Sheet. Too many cars?Everyone agrees that there are simply too many cars on the road but who will be the first to stop using theirs? Although everyone hates being stuck in traffic, no one sees their cars as part of the growing problem. However, with traffic growth up to 84 per cent expected by 2025 and the ever-increasing cost of accidents and delays already at $160 bn in Europe, there is a growing need to change our 'culture' and develop alternative forms of transport as quickly as possible.One answer is to make cars more expensive by increasing taxes on petrol. However, tax increases will affect the people who live in the country more than city drivers and do little to reduce inner city traffic. The Government is also looking at pay-as-you-drive schemes on motorways but this will push cars on to smaller 'free' roads, which will make the problem worse,A successful transport policy is not just a question of making the car too expensive but of offering car drivers a real alternative. Many motorists dislike driving to work but say public transport services are too slow, offer poor quality and are tar too expensive. If new transport policies are to succeed, public transport needs to be quick, reliable and affordable.Transport planners are also developing ways of managing the existing road network more efficiently. New technology such as smart cards and electronic monitoring of roads will lead to a more efficient use of transport systems. However, technology will not reduce the number of cars on the road or solve the real problem of how to persuade car drivers to leave their beloved cars at home more often.16、 Pay-as-you-drive schemes will reduce the amount of traffic on motorways.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say17、 The Government is planning to build more roads in the future.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say18、 Delays and accidents will cost Europe $160 bn in 2025.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say19、 The use of new technology will reduce the amount of traffic.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say20、 Cars are the only form of transport that has grown since 2004.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say21、 The Government is going to double the tax on petrol.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say22、 The Government is developing ways of using the existing roads more efficiently.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't sayPART FIVE· Read the following passage below about the factors that influence buying behavior.· For each question (23-28), choose the correct answer.· Mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer sheet.FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE BUYING BEHAVIORThroughout the buying process, various factors may' influence a buyer's purchase decision. An awareness of these factors and consumer preferences enables companies to appeal to the group most likely to respond to its products and services. Some of these factors include the following.CULTURE. The culture and subcultures we belong to shape our values, attitudes, and beliefs, and they influence the way we respond to tike world around us. Understanding culture is therefore an increasingly important step in international business and in marketing in diverse countries such as the United States.SOCIAL CLASS. In addition to being members of a particular culture, we also belong to a certain social class — upper, middle, lower, m' somewhere in between. In general, members of various classes enjoy different activities, buy different goods, shop in different places, and react to different media. REFERENCE GROUP. A reference group consists of people who have a good deal in common—family members, friends, co-workers, fellow students, teenagers, sports enthusiasts, music lovers, computer buffs. We are all members of many such reference groups, and we use the opinions of the appropriate group as a benchmark when we buy certain types of products or services. For example, shopping malls are today losing what has long been their most faithful audience —teens. That's because Generation Xers (those born between 1965 and 1978) think that malls are for parents and that malls have too many rules. So some retailers like Urban Outfitters and Tower Records refuse to open stores in most malls.SELF-IMAGE. The tendency to believe that "you are what you buy" is especially prevalent among young people. Marketers capitalize on our need to express our identity through our purchases by emphasizing the image value of products and services. That's why professional athletes and musicians are frequently used as product endorsers—so that we incorporate part of their public image into our own self-image. After all, doesn't everyone want to "be like Mike Jordan"? SITUATIONAL FACTORS. These factors include events or circumstances occurring in our lives that are more circumstantial in nature. For example, you have a coupon, you're in a hurry, it's Valentine's Day, it's your birthday, you're in a bad mood, and so on. Situational factors influence our buying patterns.23、 Consumer preferences help companiesA. to manufacture products customers like most.B. to improve their products.C. to satisfy their customers.24、 What message can we gel from the article?A. Different people have different buying patterns.B. Culture is the most important factor in international business.C. Members of different social classes dislike each other.25、 What docs a reference group do?A. Its members know each other very well.B. Members of the group influence each other.C. All members like the same thing.26、 Teenagers do not like malls any more becauseA. they don't like the shopping environment.B. the products are out-dated.C. the prices are too high.27、 What may happen if a person has got a coupon?A. He may keep it.B. He may give it to his relative.C. He may buy more things.28、 Who will be most interested in this article?A. Economists.B. Retailers.C. Marketing managers.PART SIX· Head tile newspaper article below about new alliance in the packaging industry.· Choose the best word to fill in each gap, from A, B or C.· For each question (29-40), mark one letter (A, B orC. on your Answer Sheet.THE BIG NUMBERThe country's demand for telephones, mobile phones, faxes and the Internet is growing at an increasingly fast rate. In fact, it is growing 29 quickly that our telephone numbering system needsre-organizing 30 some major changes will have to 31 made.These changes, 32 , will make the system simpler and easier to use. It is 33 an important task that all the UK phone companies are working together to make 34 changes. The changes will 35 only make hundreds ofmillions of new numbers, but they will 36 bring order and flexibility to the system for years to come.37 main changes are due to happen 38 now and the year 2006, which will give you 39 of time to prepare. You will find details of the numberchanges on our website, 40 you can visit any time at www. numberchange, org, or call our free phone helpline on 800—820—7713.29、 A. so B. that C. too30、 A. and B. with C. before31、 A. been B. be C. being32、 A. despite B. however C. although33、 A. much B. such C. so34、 A. this B. there C. these35、 A. if B. not C. but36、 A. furthermore B. additionally C. also37、 A. The B. Those C. Their38、 A. from B. between C. until39、 A. plenty B. many C. lot40、 A. when B. who C. which PART SEVEN· Read the memo and the application letter below.· Complete the record card.· Write a word, phrase or number in spaces 41-45 on your Answer Sheet. From: Julie Fox President EXT. 2305Menlo:Ivy,Another applicant for the Personnel Officer's post. Please complete the form and file the CV for me.Thanks.13 GrangewoodCourt-HeyLondon22nd September 2007Dear Ms Fox,I would like to apply for the vacancy advertised on your Internet website yesterday.I have been working as a Personnel Officer for LPE for over 8 years now, and feel that it is time that I extended my skills to a more responsible and rewarding job. I have a Master's degree in nuclear physics, I can speak three languages, and have often found that this is a good quality in an employee.I look forward to receiving your response.Yours sincerely,Ivy SmithApplicant Information FormPosition applied for: 41 ______Name of applicant: 42 ______Language skills: 43 ______Current employer: 44 ______Present qualifications: 45 ______WRITINGPART ONE· You arc Andrew Trellis. You have organized a marketing conference foryour company at the International Conference Centre, Hong Kong.· Writing a memo to the delegates:√ Saying where the conference will be√ Saying when the conference will be√ Asking everyone to confirm if they can attend.· Write 30 40 words.· Write on your Answer Sheet.46、MEMOFrom: Andrew TrellisTo: Marketing PersonnelPART TWO· Read the letter from a salesperson enquiring about the transport and accommodation arrangements for a conference you have organized.47、…I am writing to confirm my attendance at this year's sales conference from 5th to 8th April.I will be arriving on the 5th and would like to stay until the 8th so that I can do some sightseeing. Could you possibly reserve me an extra night in the same hotel? I would also be very grateful if you could recommend some place for me to visit in my free time.I look forward to hearing from you.…· Write a letter of reply:√ Agreeing to make the hotel booking√ Explaining that she will have to pay the extra night√ Asking her for her flight details√ Suggesting places for her to visit.· Write 60-80 words.· Write on your Answer Sheet. Do not include any postal addresses. LISTENINGPART ONE· For questions 1-8 you will hear eight short recordings.· For each question, mark one letter (A, B orC. for the correct answer.· You will hear the eight recordings twice.48、 What is the order number?A. 330B. 230C. 3049、 Which department does the woman work for?A. Finance DepartmentB. Technical DepartmentC. Marketing Department50、 When will the delivery service come to pick up the parcel?A. 3:00B. 4:00C. 5:0051、 Why is Mr. Bloom late for his meeting?A. He has to go to the bank.B. He can't find his way.C. His train is delayed.52、 Which line shows productivity correctly?53、 How does the man feel about moving offices?A. Confident.B. Anxious.C. Disappointed.54、 What will help the company to increase production?A. Reducing packaging.B. Offering overtime work.C. Hiring temporary stair.55、 Where should staff leave office cars?A. In front of the office.B. At the back of the building.C. Outside reception.PART TWO· Look at the telephone message below.· Some information is missing.· You will hear a dialogue between a man and a woman.· For each question (9-15), fill in the missing information in the numbered space, using a word, numbers or letters.· You will hear the conversation twice.Telephone Message From: 56 To: 57Name of the caller's company: 58Problem: Something is wrong with a machine whose model is: 59 , which was bought about 60 ago. No 61 has been sent to the customer.Ways to solve the problem: Send a service operator on Wednesday at 62 in the afternoon together with some instruction. PART THREE· Look at the notes below.· Some information is missing.· You will hear part of a talk given to a group of new empolyees.· For each question (16-22), fill in the missing information in the numbered space using one or two words.· You will hear the presentation twice.FIRST DAY AT JPCOur personnel officer is: 63 Joan ______Location of coffeemachines, noticeboards: 64 on ______Tax enquiry to: 65 ______Presentation: 2:40 pmVenue: Conference RoomSubject: 66 ______Day of buffet lunch: 67 ______Colour photocoping 68 ______require:See Jerf: 69 ______Said for:PART FOUR· You will hear a conversation between a senior manager, Justine, and his assistant, Martin.· For each question (23-30), mark one letter (A, B orC. for the correct answer.· You will hear the conversation twice.70、 Justine is particularly pleased about the companyA. receiving an award.B. increasing its share price.C. getting a new client.71、 What is the main cause of the company's rising costs?A. Import taxes.B. Publicity.C. Premises.72、 Which expenses do they want to reduce?A. Entertainment.B. Stationery.C. Telephone.73、 More training is required because the company hasA. bought new computer software.B. recruited new members of staff.C. increased its range of customers.74、 How will the company organize the training?A. Send staff to a college.B. Use current staff members.C. Employ external trainers.75、 When the next brochure is printed, it willA. have an improved design.B. include a new product.C. contain extra information.76、 What problem are they experiencing with Johnson's?A. The quality of goods.B. The high prices.C. The speed of deliveries.77、 What will they do about the problem with Johnson's?A. Send them a letter.B. Check every order.C. Contact other suppliers.SPEAKINGPART 178、The interview—about 2 minutesIn this part the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.PART 279、In this part of the test you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic. You have to choose one topic frmn the two below and then talk for about one minute. You have one minute to prepare.A WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ...?WORKING IN A DIFFERENT CULTURE· Housing· Communication· FoodB WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ...?NEGOTIATING A DEAL· Make a preparation· Emotions· AimsPART 380、Discussion— about 5 minutesIn this part of the test the examiner reads out a scenario and gives you some prompt material in the form of picture or words. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, and then about 2 minutes to discuss the scenario with your partner. After that the examiner will ask you more questions related to tile topic.ScenarioI'm going to describe a situation.You are going to London for a conference next week. Your personal assistant comes to your office for the arrangements of the business travel. Talk together for about two minutes and decide which three are most important in planning a business trip. Here are some ideas to help you.Prompt material· Appointment arrangement· Schedule· Transport· Accommodation· Contact names and numbers· Presentation at the conference· Clothes to take· Language spoken答案:READINGPART ONE1、A2、C3、B4、A5、APART TWO6、 7、 8、 9、 10、PART THREE11、 12、 13、 14、 15、PART FOUR16、A 17、C 18、B 19、B 20、B 21、C 22、A PART FIVE23、C 24、A 25、B 26、A 27、C 28、BPART SIX29、A 30、A 31、B 32、B 33、B 34、C 35、B 36、C 37、A 38、B 39、A 40、CPART SEVEN41、 Personnel Officer 42、 Ivy Smith 43、 44、 LPE 45、Master's degree in nuclear physicsWRITINGPART ONE46、The marketing conference is from 8 to 12 July at the International Conference Centre, Hong Kong. You should arrive in time for dinner on Friday evening. Please confirm whether you will be able to attend or not. PART TWO47、Dear Sir or Madam,Further to your letter of 5th April, I am writing to confirm your travel and accommodation arrangements. I have reserved you a hotel room from the5th to 9th of April. However. the company can only pay for the first four nights, If you let us have your flight details we can arrange for someone to meet you at the airport and take you to your hotel, If you want to do some sightseeing here, I advise you to visit the ancient town. for it is famous and special.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely,JaneLISTENINGPART ONE48、A[解析]F: Hello, can I speak to your purchasing manager, David?M: David Speaking.F: Nice to hear you. I am calling to confirm your order No. 330.M: When can we expect our order?F: We will deliver your order at two thirty next Monday. Is that OK?M: Goad.49、B[解析]F: Nice to meet you. Robert. Do you also work in electronics?M: No, my major was mathematics when I was in college, but now I am in finance. What about you?F: Oh, I work for Persons —in the Technical Department. To be more specific, I work in computers.M: I see. That's why you axe so skillful with the computer work.50、B[解析]M: When will UPS man come to collect the parcel?F: They'll come for the parcel at 4 pm.M: It's 2:30 now. Can you get the parcel ready in one hour?51、C[解析]M: John Beck speaking.F: Hello. This is Mr. Bloom's secretary. I'm afraid Mr. Bloom's going to be late for his meeting with you at your bank. There's been a problem with his train. It's nearly an hour late, I'm afraid.M: OK. Thanks for letting me know. Oh, does Mr. Bloom know how to find us? We moved offices last month.F: Yes, your secretary faxed us a map. Thanks.52、C[解析]M: These figures are interesting, aren't they? I expected to see the highest productivity in the earliest part of the day, and the lowest at the end. F: But... in fact, the peak time's just before midday, isn't it?M: And performance is better at the end of the day than it is after lunch.I imagined it'd be the other way round.53、A[解析]M: We're relocating during the week starting December 17th.F: That's going to be a bit tight, isn't it, Peter?M: We'll all just have to make sure we've got a good plan and inform everyone well in advance.F: That's easier said than done.M: It'll be fine — don't worry.54、A[解析]F: I expect you're all celebrating, aren't you? I hear you've had a huge new order.M: Well, yes ... but resources are a problem. We've got to increase production, and staff are already doing overtime. So, we're cutting down on the packaging to push things through faster.F: Couldn't you take on temporary staff?M: We considered that, but decided against it in the end.55、B[解析]F: Do you know about the new arrangements for office cars?M: I always park them on the road outside.F: Well, now we have to leave them on-site behind the building.M: What about the keys? I left them in the car last time I parked on the premises.F: The gates are locked at night, but it's probably safer to leave them in the box outside reception.PART TWO56、Robert Harvey[解析] 9-15F: Hallo. IBM Sales and Service, Kate Scott speaking.M: Good morning, Mrs. Scott, Robert Harvey of New York Life here.F: How do you spell your name, please?M: Robert Harvey. That is R-O-B-E-R-T, H-A-R-V-E-Y.F: Oh ... hello, Mr. Harvey, what can I do for you?M: We bought an IBM-R50 from you about four months ago and we're having some problems with it.F: Can you tell me what the main problem is, Mr. Harvey?M: I don't think that it's anything major. It just seems that the quality of the printouts could be better.F: I see. Has your staff been given instruction on how to operate the machine? M: I don't believe we've had any formal instruction yet, Mrs. Scott.F: That's strange. I'll send a service operator over. If you'd like, he could also give your staff some instruction on how to use your new IBM-R50.M: That sounds fine.F: When would it be convenient for you?M: How about Wednesday at three in the afternoon?F: That would be possible. I'll send you a confirmation of that appointment. M: Thanks a lot. Bye, Mrs. Scott.F: Thanks for calling, Mr. Harvey. Bye.57、 Kate Scott 58、 New York Life 59、 IBM-R50 60、 4 months 61、 instruction 62、PART THREE63、Rueckert[解析] 16-22Welcome to JPC. You know already how valuable your skills will be to us as we expand I believe you have fifteen different languages between you.There are three of us in Personnel and I'm the one you should come to for any help or information. The other two are Tom Miller and Jeff Said, and my name is Joan Rueckert, that's R-U-E-C-K-E-R-T. I'd just like to give you a few practical details now, before the MD comes to talk to you.Firstly, the canteen on the ground floor is open all day for coffee, meals, etc. , but there are also coffee machines on the top floor, where we have all the company noticeboards, so staff often meet there to talk.Next, some of you have asked about your tax position ... and for any tax questions, you need to contact the Accounts Office, general salary enquiries can be made to the Finance Office itself. Two events, now. Today, in the conference room, at 2:40, there'll be a presentation it's not on new developments as the notices say, it's actually on marketing. You're welcome to attend to see how we're moving in that area. There'll also be a buffet lunch for all staff working on the. new projects —that includes you, that's on Wednesday — sorry, I mean Thursday — you'll get full details later.Finally, sometimes you'll need to use the machines in the print room. The first time you go there, register for a plastic card —you don't need it for ordinary photocopiers, but you do for the colour ones.The other thing to sign up for, if you want to, is the sports club, just two minutes from hero. If you're interested, see Jeff Said, who'll give you an application form.Right, that's all for the moment. Here's coffee, and the MD is just come through now.64、 top floor 65、 Accounts (Office) 66、marketing 67、 Thursday 68、 (plastic) card 69、 (an) application form for the sports clubPART FOUR70、A[解析] 23-30F: There's quite a lot to talk about.M: Well, Justine, it doesn't matter if we don't cover everything today. OK, Justine, let's see how we go.F: Things are looking good, aren't they? Definitely. I'm very pleased. We've gone beyond our sales targets. Our share price is stable. And, of course, you know Eurocom were going to move but they've chosen to keep their contract-with us after all. But winning the prize for British Exporter of the year was the best thing, as far as I'm concerned.M: On the other hand, there is the problem of rising costs. Yes, even though we avoided another rent increase...F: But all those expensive newspaper advertisements ... Yes, that's the real problem, although they are partly balanced by the decrease in import duties. M: Mmm ... meanwhile, you want to limit our expenses where possible? Yes, certainly. Actually, the budget for entertaining clients is fairly reasonable, and very necessary. It's the cost of phone calls that worries me. It seems far too high.F: Everyone should be using e-mail wherever possible if you want to save on communications generally.M: Um, we've already got cheaper paper from the printers, which is a start. True. Now onto training. We need to be clear where this demand for training is coming from.F: Well, our own success, basically. Our customer base is expanding all the time. Our staff... who are up to date with new computer applications... M: Yes, they're OK for that, but they have to deal with all these new clients. They'll need a wider range of skills than they have at the moment. We could contact the business school. Perhaps they could send us some of theirtrainers.F: Or what about the courses they run? But then again, it seems a pity not to use our own training department.M: Doing it ourselves, you mean? Well, yes... after all, it's the people here who know what we do best and can really understand our needs.F: I agree. OK, what's next?M: Um, there's the printing of the new brochure.F: Is the basic information changing?M: I shouldn't think so but the whole thing really needs to look a bit better. The current one just doesn't give the right idea at all.F: Much too old-fashioned. Yes, a new presentation, a proper lay-out. What about out-of-date products?M: Steve's already taken them out. Now, do you want to talk about the supplier situation?F: You mean the situation with Johnson's?M: Yes, they're just not giving us what we need. Their prices have always seemed very reasonable, but the products aren't good enough. There's no point being cheap and on time if we don't actually get what we want.F: Right, well, we need to deal with the situation. What contact have you had with them?M: I wrote to them twice last month, and it didn't seem to have any real effect. We've looked at every order as it comes in, so we already have a fairly clear picture of the problem.F: Hmm ... I think you should start by ringing some other firms, see if they can match Johnson's deal. Then I'll make a decision.M: Right. Great, we did manage to discuss everything.F: Yes, good.71、B 72、C 73、C 74、B 75、A 76、A 77、C。
考研心理学专业基础综合(多项选择题)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
考研心理学专业基础综合（多项选择题）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．神经系统的基本结构是( )。
A．神经元B．突触C．周围神经系统D．中枢神经系统正确答案：A,B,C,D 涉及知识点：普通心理学2．下列说法中不科学的是( )。
A．痛觉反映一个人意志力强弱B．痛觉对机体具有保护作用C．痛觉比较容易适应D．痛觉反映了一个人的灵敏程度正确答案：A,C,D 涉及知识点：普通心理学3．联络神经元主要存在于( )。
A．脊髓B．肌肉C．腺体D．脑正确答案：A,D解析：人们根据神经元的形态和功能特征，将其分为感觉神经元、运动神经元和联络神经元。
联络神经元又称中间神经元，他们只存在于脑和脊髓之中，将来自感觉神经元的神经冲动传递给其他中间神经元或运动神经元，其主要功能是联结传人神经元和传出神经元的神经冲动。
知识模块：心理学导论4．从表象产生的主要感觉通道来划分，表象包括A．视觉表象B．听觉表象C．记忆表象D．运动表象正确答案：A,B,D解析：从表象产生的主要感觉通道来划分，表象可分为视觉表象、听觉表象和运动表象。
根据表象创造程度的不同，表象可以分为记忆表象和想象表象。
因此本题选ABD。
知识模块：普通心理学5．从生物进化的角度，人的情绪可以分为( )。
A．基本情绪B．复合情绪C．原始情绪D．简单情绪正确答案：A,B解析：从生物进化的角度出发，可以把人的情绪分为基本情绪和复合情绪。
基本情绪是人与动物所共有的，在发生上有着共同的原型或模式，它们是先天的，不学而能的。
复合情绪则是由基本情绪的不同组合派生出来的。
知识模块：情绪和情感6．下列表述正确的有( )A．低频率声音的波长大于头宽，它的传播不受头部的阻挠，因而在两耳造成的强度差较小B．高频率的波长小于头部，在传递途中受头部的阻挠，因而两耳的强度差较明显C．低频率声音的波长小于头宽，它的传播受头部的阻挠，因而在两耳造成的强度差较大D．高频率的波长大于头部，在传递途中不受头部的阻挠，因而两耳的强度差不明显正确答案：A,B解析：本题考查考生对两耳强度差的理解和掌握。
湖北专升本(英语)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
湖北专升本（英语）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Structure 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 5. Translation 6. WritingV ocabulary and Structure1．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your______.A．conditionB．incomeC．statusD．credit正确答案：D解析：condition：条件，情况，状态；income：收入；status：身份，社会地位；credit：信用，学分。
根据句意可知，选D。
2．We offer an excellent education to our students. ______, we expect students to work hard.A．On averageB．At bestC．In returnD．After all正确答案：C解析：on average：平均起来，一般说来；at best：最多，充其量；in return：作为回报；after all：毕竟，终究。
根据句意可知，选C。
3．Harvey finished______his research paper, but he needed to check it before submitting it to the professor.A．to typeB．typedC．typingD．type正确答案：C解析：finish作及物动词时，其后常跟名词或动名词作宾语。
也可将finish doing sth．视为固定用法，意为“完成做某事”。
常见的用动名词作宾语的及物动词有：finish，enjoy，deny，keep，miss，prevent，quit，resist，suggest，risk 等。
道路与桥梁模拟25
道路与桥梁模拟25
一、单项选择题
1. 上路床是指路基顶面起至路基顶面以下范围内的路基部分。
A.10cm
B.20cm
C.30cm
D.40cm
答案：C
2. 路基施工过程中，各施工层表面不应有积水，填方路堤应根据土质和施工时的气候情况，做成( )的排水横坡。
A.1%～3%
B.2%～4%
C.3%～5%
D.4%～6%
答案：B
3. 山坡路堤，当地面横坡陡于1: 5时，原地面应挖成向内倾斜的台阶，台阶宽度不小于。
A.0.5m
B.1.0m
C.1.5m
D.2.0m
答案：B
4. 一般情况下，高速公路和一级公路填石路堤施工时，其最大分层松铺厚度不宜超过( )。
A.20cm
B.30cm
C.40cm
D.50cm
答案：D
5. 高速公路下路堤的压实度不得低于。
A.80%
B.85%
C.90%
D.96%
答案：C
6. 市镇混合交通繁忙处，桥上纵坡和桥头引道纵坡i均。
A.i≤4%
B.i≤3%
C.i≤5%
D.i≤6%
答案：B
7. 梁桥重力式墩，验算墩身强度和基底最大应力时荷载组合是《桥规》中的。
A.组合Ⅰ或组合Ⅰ
B.组合Ⅰ
C.组合Ⅰ或组合Ⅰ。
广东专插本(英语)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
广东专插本（英语）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Structure 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 6. WritingV ocabulary and Structure1．Last year the advertising rate______by 20 percent.A．raisedB．arousedC．aroseD．rose正确答案：D解析：句意：去年广告费上升了百分之二十。
词义辨析。
A项意为“抚养；提高，增加”，但是为及物动词，后面不用跟介词；B项意为“唤起，唤醒”，不合句意；C项多指事物、局面等“产生、出现”。
D项意为“上升，上涨”。
2．When he arrived, he found______the aged and the sick at home.A．nothing butB．none butC．none otherD．no other than正确答案：B解析：句意：当他到达时，发现只有年老的和生病的人在家。
词语搭配。
A 项后只可接物，意为“除了，只是”；none but意为“只有”，none指代人；C项意为“除了”，D项意为“恰恰”，均不符合句意，故选B。
3．The student was just about to______the question, when suddenly he found the answer.A．arrive atB．give upC．submit toD．work out正确答案：B解析：句意：这个学生正要放弃这道题时，他突然找到了答案。
词义辨析。
arriveat：到达；give up：放弃；submit to：对……屈服，屈从；work out：推断出，计算出。
4．We are all for your proposal that the discussion______.A．be put offB．was put offC．should put offD．is to put off正确答案：A解析：句意：我们都赞成你把讨论推迟的建议。
计算机学科专业基础综合模拟25
[模拟] 计算机学科专业基础综合模拟25单项选择题第1题：对于一个满二叉树，共有n个结点和m个叶子结点，深度为h，则( )。
A.n=h+mB.h+m=2nC.m=h-1D.n=2<sub>h</sub>-1参考答案：D第2题：Cache常用的写回策略有写直达法和写回法。
当采用写回法时，一个Cahe数据块在( )时写回主存。
A.任何一次写操作数时B.第一次写操作数时C.数据块被换出时D.以上都有可能参考答案：C写直达法指写操作数时既写入Cache又写入主存；写回法指写操作数时写入Cache而不写入主存，仅当数据被替换出Cache时才写回主存。
第3题：对任意7个关键字进行排序，至少要进行( )次关键字之间的两两比较。
A.13B.14C.15D.16参考答案：C任何一个借助于“比较”进行排序的算法，在最坏情况下所需进行的比较次数至少为：ceil(log(n!))。
第4题：下列关于PCI总线的说法中错误的是( )。
A.PCI总线采用集中式总线判优控制方式B.PCI总线是一种16位的并行总线C.PCI总线具有自动配置能力D.PCI总线在PC机中得到了广泛的使用参考答案：BPCI总线是一种32位或64位的并行总线。
第5题：半导体随机存储器的访问速度与( )有关。
A.存储芯片的存取周期B.存储芯片的容量大小C.所访问存储单元的位置D.以上都包括参考答案：A半导体随机存储器的访问速度与存储芯片的容量和存储单元的位置无关，只取决于存储芯片的存取周期，选A。
第6题：在一个HDLC帧的数据中，如果出现了0001 1111 1011这样的流，请问发送到信道上它将会变成( )。
A.0001 1111 1011 0B.0001 1111 1101 1C.0001 1111 0101 1D.0000 1111 1101 1参考答案：CHDLC采用了比特填充法来实现链路层的透明传输，如果在数据流中发现了连续的5个‘1’就在其后面加一个‘0’，所以C是正确答案。
输气工(初级)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
输气工（初级）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 判断题请判断下列各题正误。
单项选择题下列各题的备选答案中，只有一个是符合题意的。
1．千气的甲烷含量一般均在( )以上。
A．90％B．95％C．85％D．80％正确答案：A2．在常温常压下，天然气的爆炸限为( )。
A．5％～10％B．5％～15％C．4％～74．2％D．58％正确答案：B3．法定计量单位中，长度单位的主单位是( )。
A．米B．千米C．厘米D．毫米正确答案：A4．一字形螺钉旋具，可用于紧固或拆卸( )螺钉。
A．一字B．十字钉C．一字槽D．十字槽正确答案：C5．管子铰扳可分为普通式和( )式。
A．自动B．半自动C．轻便D．精密正确答案：C6．( )m的数据是皮尺的测量上限。
A．15B．20C．25D．26正确答案：B7．对于自控计量系统，必须设置参数有( )。
A．存储参数B．预制参数C．程序参数D．报警参数正确答案：D8．增压站是输气( )中一个重要组成部分，它和输气干线的所有参数互相关联，构成一个统一的整体。
A．管理系统B．站控系统C．自动化控制系统D．管道系统正确答案：D9．输配气站应按用户要求，( )地为用户供气。
A．连续B．平稳C．灵活D．准确正确答案：B10．输气站多采用( )弹簧式安全阀。
A．全启式封闭型B．微启式封闭型C．全启式不封闭型D．微启式不封闭型正确答案：A11．对焊法兰具有锥形的高颈，降低了这部分的局部应力集中，增强了刚度，具有较好的( )。
A．耐腐蚀性B．强度C．韧性D．抗冲击性正确答案：B12．卧式重力式分离器筒体直径越大，其分离效果( )。
A．越好B．越差C．不发生改变D．视天然气中杂质多少不同正确答案：A13．所谓标准体积流量，在工业上是指20℃、0．10133MPa即称( )或0℃、0．10133MPa即称( )条件下的体积流量，在仪表计量上多数以( )条件下的体积流量为标准体积流量。
初级护师专业实践能力(基础护理学)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
初级护师专业实践能力（基础护理学）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. A1型题 2. A2型题 3. B1型题1．危重患者身上留置各种引流管，护理操作应严格执行无菌操作技术，防止A．导管脱落B．受压C．逆行感染D．堵塞E．扭曲正确答案：C解析：危重患者身上的引流管应注意妥善固定、安全放置，防止扭曲、受压、堵塞、脱落，保持通畅。
严格执行无菌技术操作，防止逆行感染。
知识模块：基础护理学2．胸外心脏按压的部位为A．胸骨中上1／3交界处B．胸骨中下1／3交界处C．胸骨角下2横指D．剑突上E．左锁骨中线第四肋间隙正确答案：B解析：按压胸骨下段，胸膜腔内压增高，血液排出；放松时胸膜腔内压减小，血液回流，心脏充盈。
知识模块：基础护理学3．心肺复苏成功后，为使患者保持呼吸道通畅，应采取的体位是A．侧卧位B．俯卧位C．头低足高位D．仰卧位，头偏向一侧E．半坐卧位正确答案：D解析：心肺复苏成功后，为保持气道通畅，患者应取仰卧，头偏向一侧。
知识模块：基础护理学4．人工呼吸的有效指标不包括A．胸部起伏B．能听到气流声C．面部感到有气体逸出D．棉花接近口鼻可被吹动E．听诊双肺痰鸣音正确答案：E解析：经过人工呼吸后，患者恢复自主呼吸，判断指标为：患者胸部起伏，听诊有呼吸音，面部靠近患者口鼻可以感到气体逸出，呼吸微弱时用棉花接近口鼻可见吹动。
知识模块：基础护理学5．CPR实施过程中，按压者与吹气者互换时间不应超过A．1～2秒B．3～4秒C．5～7秒D．8～10秒E．>10秒正确答案：C解析：在心肺复苏过程中，为保证心肺复苏的持续有效，操作中途换人或互换，中断时间均不得超过5～7秒。
知识模块：基础护理学6．喉结旁开1～2cm处的搏动点是A．面动脉B．颞动脉C．颌下动脉D．乳突前动脉E．颈动脉正确答案：E解析：颈动脉位于气管与胸锁乳突肌之间，可用示指、中指指端先触及气管正中，男性可先触及喉结，然后滑向颈外侧气管与肌群之间的沟内。
全国自考(管理学原理)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
全国自考（管理学原理）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 多项选择题 3. 判断题 4. 简答题 5. 论述题 6. 案例分析题单项选择题1．被认为是管理的核心的是( )A．主管人员B．中层管理者C．处理组织目标D．以人为本正确答案：D解析：现代管理强调以人为本，最大限度地发挥人的作用。
2．管理工作的首要职能是( )A．计划B．组织C．控制D．领导正确答案：A3．CEO在组织管理层次中属于( )A．协调管理者B．基层管理者C．中层管理者D．高层管理者正确答案：D4．对于所有层次管理者的重要性大体相同的技能是( )A．技术技能B．人际技能C．概念技能D．筹划技能正确答案：B解析：本题主要考查的知识点是人际技能。
人际技能对所有管理者的重要性大体相同，管理的核心问题就是以人为本。
5．对高层管理者来说，最重要的管理技能是( )A．技术技能B．人际技能C．概念技能D．分析技能正确答案：C解析：本题主要考查的知识点是概念技能。
概念技能是指纵观全局、洞察企业与环境要素间相互影响和作用的能力。
高层管理者更强调概念技能，中层管理者人际技能较重要，而基层管理者技术技能更突出。
6．泰勒的科学管理理论最初研究的是( )A．工人劳动生产率不高的原因B．工人的标准化操作方法C．工人薪资的结构D．工人的工作态度正确答案：A解析：本题主要考查的知识点是泰勒的科学管理理论的研究历史。
泰勒的研究工作，是他在米德维尔钢铁厂工作时开始的，他的特殊经历，使他有可能在工厂的生产第一线系统地研究劳动组织与生产管理问题，在他亲身体验并发现生产效率不高是由于工人们“故意偷懒”的问题后，便决心着手解决它。
7．行为科学学派产生于( )A．20世纪30年代B．20世纪40年代C．20世纪50年代D．20世纪80年代正确答案：A解析：本题主要考查的知识点是行为科学学派的发展历史。
行为科学是一门研究人类行为规律的科学。
它产生于20世纪30年代，代表人物是乔治．埃尔顿．梅奥，他在芝加哥西方电气公司霍桑工厂所进行的“霍桑实验”是行为科学理论的实践依据。
自考(经济类)市场营销学模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
自考（经济类）市场营销学模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 多项选择题 5. 简答题 6. 案例分析题7. 论述题单项选择题1．交易与交换的区别在于【】A．交换是一种状态，交易是一个事件B．交换是一个事件，交易是一种状态C．交换是一个过程，交易是一种状态或一个事件D．两者的涵义一致正确答案：C解析：交换是通过提供某种东西作为回报，从某人处取得自己所需物品的行为。
交易则是指双方之间的价值交换所构成的一种行为。
它与交换的区别在于：交换是一个过程，而交易是一种状态或一个事件。
2．【】是指为了实现企业目标，创造、建立和保持与目标市场之间的互利交换关系，而对设计方案进行的分析、计划、执行与控制。
A．市场营销管理B．市场营销哲学C．市场营销渠道D．市场营销策略正确答案：A3．顾客让渡价值的计算公式为【】A．产品价值一货币成本B．服务价值一时间成本C．顾客总价值一顾客总成本D．人员价值一货币成本正确答案：C解析：顾客让渡价值是顾客总价值与顾客总成本之间的差额。
4．市场营销策划中的机会和问题分析常用的工具是【】A．4W1HB．SWOT分析C．回归分析D．线性分析正确答案：B解析：机会和问题分析的常用工具是SWOT分析，它通过机会、威胁、优势、劣势4个技术指标，对公司和产品的内、外部环境进行全面的评估。
5．在波士顿咨询公司模型中，市场成长率低、相对市场份额低的公司业务单位是【】A．问题类B．现金牛类C．明星类D．瘦狗类正确答案：D6．海尔以冰箱起家，后来生产空调、冰柜等新产品，该公司的发展战略是【】A．水平多角化B．前向一体化C．同心多角化D．跨行业多角化正确答案：C解析：同心多角化是指开发与原有生产技术或战略有协同关系的新产品，以便吸引新的顾客。
这一战略的特点是原有产品与新产品基本用途不同，但有着较强的技术关联。
7．企业营销活动的出发点和归宿是【】A．顾客B．企业C．银行D．国家正确答案：A解析：顾客是企业最重要的环境因素，是企业所服务的目标市场和营销活动的对象，也是营销活动的出发点和归宿，企业的一切营销活动都应以满足顾客的需求为中心。
化工操作工(初级)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
化工操作工（初级）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 判断题请判断下列各题正误。
单项选择题下列各题的备选答案中，只有一个是符合题意的。
1．从石油分馏得到的固体石蜡，用氯气漂白后，燃烧时会产生含氯元素的气体，这是由于石蜡在漂白时与氯气发生过( )。
A．加成反应B．取代反应C．聚合反应D．催化裂化反应正确答案：B2．讨论实际气体时,若压缩因子Z>1，则表示该气体( )。
A．容易液化B．在相同温度和压力下，其内压为零C．在相同温度和压力下，其Vm较理想气体摩尔体积为大D．该气体有较大的对比压力正确答案：C3．对完全互溶的双液系A、B组分来说，若组成一个具有最高恒沸点相图，其最高恒沸点对应的组成为C，如体系点在A、C之间，则完全分（）A．塔底为A，塔顶为CB．塔底为C，塔顶为AC．塔底为B，塔顶为CD．塔底为C，塔顶为B正确答案：B4．将Mg、Al、Zn分别放入相同溶质质量分数的盐酸中，反应完全后，放出的氢气质量相同，其可能原因是( )A．放入的三种金属质量相同，盐酸足量B．放入的Mg、Al、Zn的质量比为12:18:32.5，盐酸足量C．盐酸质量相同，放入足量的三种金属D．放入盐酸的质量比为3:2:1，反应后无盐酸剩余正确答案：C5．化工管路常用的连接方式有( )。
A．焊接和法兰连接B．焊接和螺纹连接C．螺纹连接和承插式连接D．A和C都是正确答案：D6．管道轴测图一般定Z轴为( )A．东西方向B．南北方向C．上下方向D．左右方向正确答案：C7．化工工艺流程图分为( )和施工流程图。
A．控制流程图B．仪表流程图C．设备流程图D．方案流程图正确答案：D8．尺寸公差是一个不为零、永远为( )的数。
A．正值B．负值C．整数D．分数正确答案：A9．根据“化工自控设计技术规定”，在测量稳定压力时，最大工作压力不应超过测量上限值的( )；测量脉动压力时，最大工作压力不应超过测量上限值的( )。
考研数学一(解答题)模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)
考研数学一（解答题）模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.1．求下列极限：正确答案：(Ⅰ)注意x→0时，(Ⅱ)因为—x3(x→0)，ln(1+2x3)～2x3(x→0)，所以涉及知识点：高等数学2．从正态总体N(3．4，62)中抽取容量为n的样本，如果要求其样本均值位于区间(1．4，5．4)内的概率不小于0．95，问样本容量n至少应取多大？附表：标准正态分布表正确答案：由题知：X1，X2，…，Xn～N(3．4，62)，各样本相互独立，根据独立正态随机变量的性质，Xi～N(μ，σ2／n)。
其中根据期望和方差的性质，故≥0．975，查表得到≥1．96，即n≥(1．96×3)2≈34．57，所以n至少应取35。
涉及知识点：概率论与数理统计3．确定常数a和b，使得函数f(x)=处处可导．正确答案：由f(x)在x=0处可导，得f(x)在x=0处连续．由表达式知，f(x)在x=0右连续．于是，f(x)在x=0连续=2a=f(0),2a=一2b，即a+b=0．又f(x)在x=0可导,f’+(0)=f’-(0)．在a+b=0条件下，f(x)可改写成f’-(0)=(sinx+2aex)|x=0=1+2a．故仅当a=1，b=一1时f(x)处处可导．涉及知识点：一元函数的导数与微分概念及其计算4．设n＞1，n元齐次方程组AX=0的系数矩阵为(1)讨论a为什么数时AX=0有非零解? (2)在有非零解时求通解．正确答案：(1)用矩阵消元法，把第n行除以n移到第一行，其他行往下顺移．再第i行减第一行的i倍(i＞0) a=0时r(A)=1，有非零解．下面设a ≠0，对右边的矩阵继续进行行变换：把第2至n各行都除以a，然后把第1行减下面各行后换到最下面，得于是当a=一n(n+1)／2时r(A)=n—1，有非零解．(2)a=0时AX=0与x1+x2+…+xn=0同解，通解为c1(1，一1，0，…，0)T+c2(1，0，一1，…，0)T+…+cn-1(1，0，0，…，一1)T，ci任意．a=一n(n+1)／2时，通解为c(1，2，3，…，n)T，c任意．涉及知识点：线性代数5．设齐次方程组(I)有一个基础解系β1=(b11，b12，…，b1×2n)T，β2=(b21，b22，…，b2×2n)T，…，βn=(bn1，bn2，…，bn×2n)T．证明A的行向量组是齐次方程组(Ⅱ)的通解．正确答案：分别记A和B为(I)和(Ⅱ)的系数矩阵．(I)的未知量有2n个，它的基础解系含有n个解，则r(A)=n，即A的行向量组α1，α2，…，αn线性无关．由于β1，…，βn都是(I)的解，有ABT=(Aβ1，Aβ2，…，Aβn)=0，转置得BAT=0，即BαiT=0，i=1，…，n．于是，α1，α2，…，αn是(Ⅱ)的n 个线性无关的解．又因为r(B)=n，(Ⅱ)也有2n个未知量，2n—r(B)=n．所以α1，α2，…，αn是(Ⅱ)的一个基础解系．从而(Ⅱ)的通解为c1α1+c2α2+…+cn αn，c1，c2，…，cn可取任意数．涉及知识点：线性代数6．设y=，求y’．正确答案：涉及知识点：高等数学7．设函数f(x)在区间[a，b]上连续，且f(x)>0，证明：正确答案：解析：本题主要考查如何将定积分的问题化为二重积分．本题的关键所在是利用了不等式特别地，设函数f(x)在区间[0,1]上连续，则∫01e f(x)dx．∫01 e 一f(x)dx≥1．8．设问λ取何值时，(1)β不能由α1，α2，α3线性表示?(2)β可由α1，α2，α3线性表示且表达式唯一?(3)β可由α1，α2，α3线性表示但表达式不唯一?正确答案：设有一组数x1，x2，x3，使x1α1+x2α2+x3α3=β，该方程组的系数行列式为△=|α1 α2 α3|=λ2(λ+3)．故当λ≠0且λ≠一3时，由克莱姆法则知方程组有唯一解，即此时β可由α1 涉及知识点：高等数学10．计算曲线积分I=，其中L是以点(1，0)为圆心，R为半径的圆周(R≠1)，取逆时针方向．正确答案：设R＜1，则I=∫LPdx+Qdy=dxdy=0．设R＞1，取ε＞0充分小使椭圆Cε(取逆时针方向) 4x2+y2=ε2含于L所围区域D内，记L与Cε围成区域为Dε，在Dε上用格林公式得解析：记L围成的区域为D，若D不含原点(R＜1)，则可在D上用格林公式．若D含原点(R＞1)，则不能在D上用格林公式，要在D内挖去含原点的某区域后再用格林公式(见图10．13)．知识模块：高等数学11．设其中f，g均可微，求正确答案：由链式法则直接求导得涉及知识点：多元函数微分学12．设f(u连续可导，计算I=dzdx+zdxdy，其中曲面∑为由y=x2+z2+6与y=8一x2一z2所围成立体的外侧．正确答案：设Ω是∑所围成的区域，它在xOz平面上的投影区域为x2+z2≤1，由高斯公式得涉及知识点：高等数学13．设A=，问k为何值，可使：(Ⅰ)r(A)=1；(Ⅱ)r(A)=2；(Ⅲ)r(A)=3。
执业护士实践能力模拟25
[模拟] 执业护士实践能力模拟25A1/A2型题每一道考题是以一个小病例出现的，其下面都有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。
请从中选择一个最佳答案。
第1题：下列疾病中禁忌做作直肠指检的是A.内痔B.肛瘘C.肛裂D.混合痔E.直肠癌参考答案：C第2题：因其可使多巴在外周神经处转为多巴胺，影响多巴进入脑组织，减少中枢神经系统的正常传导递质，肝性脑病患者禁用的维生素是A.维生素B<sub>1</sub>B.维生素B<sub>2</sub>C.维生素CD.维生素B<sub>12</sub>E.维生素B<sub>6</sub>参考答案：E第3题：胆道蛔虫病最典型的临床热点是A.黄疸B.剑突下左侧深压痛C.粪便中找到虫卵D.畏寒、高热E.阵发性“钻顶样”剧烈绞痛参考答案：E第4题：不符合ARDS早期变化的是A.呼吸音稍弱B.胸片呈点片状阴影C.胸片无显著变化D.肺部无啰音E.无明显低氧发绀参考答案：B第5题：肺源性心脏病患者并发呼吸衰竭，严重缺氧的典型表现是A.颜面发红B.颈静脉怒张C.发绀D.神志恍惚E.球结膜水肿参考答案：C第6题：反映乙型肝炎病毒感染最直接、最特异和最灵敏的检查指标是A.HBsAgB.HBsAbC.HBeAgD.HBcAbE.HBV-DNA参考答案：E第7题：肾结核患者最早出现的症状是A.尿频B.血尿C.脓尿D.肾区疼痛E.午后低热、盗汗参考答案：A第8题：确诊肺结核最重要的依据是A.痰液中找到结核杆菌B.结核菌素试验强阳性C.胸片示片状、絮状阴影D.患者低热、乏力、体重减轻E.肩胛区咳嗽后闻及湿啰音参考答案：A第9题：护士指导孕妇推算胎龄的方法不正确的是A.按末次月经时间推算B.按早孕反应开始时间推算C.按自觉胎动开始时间推算D.按孕妇体重增长速度推算E.按宫底高度及腹围推算参考答案：D第10题：护士对慢性肾衰竭患者晨起时的恶心呕吐所采取的护理措施是A.指导病人限制液体摄入量B.晨起先饮水100mlC.进食低蛋白饮食D.睡前饮水1～2次E.睡前勿进食水参考答案：D第11题：肾疾病患者最常见的症状是A.肾性水肿B.肾性高血压C.血尿D.蛋白尿E.尿量减少参考答案：A第12题：Aizkeimers病临床表现不包括A.痴呆为部分性的B.与遗传因素有关C.病程一般8～10年，不可逆D.可有非认知性的精神症状E.脑重减轻、脑萎缩参考答案：A第13题：用新九分法评估成人烧伤面积，错误的是A.头、面、颈部各为3%B.双大腿为21%C.躯干为27%D.会阴部为1%E.双上臂为6%参考答案：E第14题：有机磷农药中毒典型表现不包括A.血压升高B.视物模糊C.多汗、流涎D.呼吸肌麻痹E.意识障碍参考答案：A第15题：抢救溺水时，给患者采取的体位是A.仰卧位B.俯卧位C.半卧位D.截石位E.头低足高位参考答案：B第16题：下列有关骨质疏松症的说法，正确的是A.原发性骨质疏松多见于青年人B.男性骨质疏松患病率高于女性C.骨质疏松会导致病理性骨折D.失用性骨质疏松多见于产妇E.骨质疏松是由于骨新建多于骨破坏参考答案：C第17题：缓解肝癌晚期病人疼痛的主要措施是A.心理疏导B.按医嘱给予止痛药C.创造舒适的环境D.大剂量化疗E.营养支持参考答案：B第18题：我国首创的适用于食管癌高发区人群普查的方法是A.食管拉网脱落细胞学检查B.钡剂X线检查C.纤维食管镜检查D.CT检查E.B超检查参考答案：A第19题：绒毛膜癌最常见的转移部位是A.脑组织B.胃肠道C.肺D.肝E.骨骼参考答案：C第20题：营养不良患儿最初的表现是A.夜间哭闹B.体重不增C.皮下脂肪减少D.容易感冒E.喂养困难参考答案：B第21题：帕金森病特征性症状是A.运动缓慢B.静止性震颤C.写字过小征D.吞咽困难E.姿势步态异常参考答案：B第22题：患者行负压吸宫术后，正确的护理措施是A.常规阴道冲洗B.术后可以剧烈运动C.1周内禁止盆浴及性生活D.腹痛或出血多时随时就诊E.可以使用冷水参考答案：D第23题：妊娠期妇女便秘的护理措施应除外A.排便时尽量保持体位舒适B.多饮水C.适当运动D.自行服用缓泻药E.多食蔬菜水果参考答案：D第24题：不能反映胎盘功能的检查是A.胎动记数B.血和尿中HCG测定C.孕妇尿雌三醇(E3)测定D.血清胎盘生乳素测定E.B超参考答案：B第25题：正常小儿前囟闭合的年龄是A.6～10个月B.12～18个月C.18～22个月D.2～3岁E.4岁参考答案：B第26题：根据我国儿童计划免疫实施程序，初种年龄在8个月的免疫原是A.乙脑免苗B.麻疹疫苗C.百白破D.脊髓灰质炎糖丸E.流感疫苗参考答案：B第27题：老年人冬季晨练，以下做法不正确的是A.晨练前不空腹B.晨练不宜过早C.可以练习猛蹲、猛立、猛回头D.晨练不宜运动量过大E.运动后出汗不宜脱衣，防止感冒参考答案：C第28题：为了改善睡眠质量，老年人睡前应注意A.加餐B.多饮水C.每晚服用安眠药D.睡前观看电视连续剧E.用热水泡脚参考答案：E第29题：老年人意外受伤时，应评估的内容除外A.意识B.皮肤色泽C.颈动脉搏动D.呼吸E.血压参考答案：B第30题：一个19岁的小伙子在河里游泳时溺水，被拉到岸上时已经心搏骤停，在为患者进行胸外按压和人工呼吸时，胸外按压和人工呼吸的比例正确的是A.30:2B.30:1C.15:1D.15:2E.10:1参考答案：A第31题：患者，女性，75岁，左心衰竭5年。
乐理模拟试题25题
乐理模拟试题25题
一、选择题
1. 在D大调中，主音是：
A. C
B. D
C. E
D. F
2. 下列音程中，哪一个是大三度？
A. C与E
B. F与A
C. G与B
D. D与F
3. 降E大调的并且是小调的平行调是：
A. B小调
B. F小调
C. A小调
D. C小调
4. 在A小调中，属音是：
A. F
B. G
C. C
D. A
5. 下列属音中，和弦的终止音都是：
A. F
B. C
C. G
D. C
二、填空题
6. 在G大调中，属音是______。
7. 在B小调中，下属音是______，主音是______。
8. 在G小调中，下属音是______。
9. 在D大调中，主音是______。
10. 在F小调中，下属音是______。
三、简答题
11. 请解释什么是全音级？
12. 请解释什么是半音级？
13. 请写出G大调音阶的音名。
14. 请写出C小调音阶的音名。
15. 请解释怎样可以确定一个调的大调或小调。
四、作曲题
请写一个简单的2小节乐段，包括主旋律和和弦伴奏，并标明调性。
质量、投资、进度控制模拟25
[模拟] 质量、投资、进度控制模拟25单项选择题第1题：当检查工程进度时，如某项工作出现进度偏差且拖延时间超过其总时差，在( )情况下原计划不需要调整。
A.工程项目总工期不允许拖延B.工程项目总工期允许拖延C.工作进度超前D.工程项目总工期允许拖延的时间小于产生的进度偏差参考答案：B[解析] 只有工程项目总工期允许拖延，如某项工作出现进度偏差且拖延时间超过其总时差时，原计划才不需要调整。
第2题：在下图所示时标网络计划中，工作D的自由时差为( )天。
A.0B.1C.2D.3参考答案：A[解析] 因为它和其紧后工作H之间没有时间间隔。
工作自由时差等于该工作的紧后工作的最早开始时间减本工作最早开始时间，再减本工作的持续时间所得之差的最小值。
第3题：为了判定整个工程项目实际进度偏差并能预测后期工程进度，可利用的实际进度与计划进度比较方法是( )。
A.横道图比较法B.S形曲线比较法C.香蕉曲线比较法D.前锋线比较法参考答案：B第4题：非匀速进展横道图比较法绘制步骤为( )。
①随着工作的进展，在横道线下方绘制粗实线，从开始之日起至检查日期止。
对此期间未工作的时间，以空白表示，由此可以得知工作的连续与间断情况；②比较同一时刻计划完成任务量累计百分比与实际完成任务量累计百分比；③在横道线下方，与第①步对应位置，标注各主要时刻工作的实际完成任务量累计百分比；④绘制横道图进度计划，并在横道线上方标出各主要时刻工作的计划完成任务量累计百分比。
A.①②③④B.②①③④C.①②④③D.①③②④参考答案：C第5题：绘制双代号网络图时，箭线交叉的表示方法不包括( )。
A.过桥法B.断线法C.一虚一实法D.指向法参考答案：C第6题：关键线路法(即CPM法)与计划评审技术(即PERT)的基本原理是( )，A.用网络表示工程项目，以确定关键线路这一思想为基础B.用网络表示工程项目，进而确定各工作之间的逻辑关系为基础C.用网络表示工程项目，以确定进度计划为基础D.用网络表示工程项目，以确定完成项目的所有工作线路数参考答案：A第7题：由两条具有同一开始时间和同一结束时间的曲线组成的是( )。
25高考名校模拟作文例文参考及题目
25高考名校模拟作文例文参考及题目一、阅读下面材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
生态位是指一个种群在生态系统中，在时间空间上所占据的位置及其与相关种群之间的功能关系与作用。
在自然界中，每个物种都拥有一个最适合自身生存的生态位，但受资源所限，会出现物种间的生态位竞争。
是坚守生态位，还是寻求生态位的新发展，这是每个物种都无法回避的选择。
以上材料对个人和社会都具有启示意义。
请以“生态位”为话题，写一篇文章。
要求：选准角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不得泄露个人信息；不少于800字。
（1）审题提示审题分为两部分。
第一部分是引导材料，包含两层意思：其一是介绍生态位的概念和生态位竞争，其二是物种对生态位坚守还是寻求新发展的选择。
第二部分是写作提示，要求思考材料的启示意义，以“生态位”为话题写一篇文章。
（2）写作提示考生应根据材料和写作提示的要求展开写作，应谈及对生态位概念内涵和生态位竞争的认识，重点对是坚守生态位，还是寻求生态位的新发展进行全面辩证的分析，并结合生态位处在生态系统中的特性思考怎样做。
（3）高分作文的必备条件①符合审题提示和写作提示的要求；②对材料内容认识准确，论证具有思辨性；③内容较丰富，材料较新鲜；④分析较深刻，语言较有文采。
【范文参考】：生态位之思：坚守与拓展的辩证在浩渺的宇宙中，地球如同一颗璀璨的宝石，孕育着万千生灵。
而在这生机盎然的生态系统中，每个物种都占据着一个独特的生态位，它们或高或低，或深或浅，共同编织着生命的图谱。
然而，随着资源的日益紧张，物种间的生态位竞争愈发激烈，坚守与拓展成为每个物种必须面对的课题。
对于个体而言，生态位象征着我们的定位与角色。
在人生的舞台上，我们每个人都有自己的位置，扮演着不同的角色。
有些人坚守自己的岗位，默默奉献，成为社会的中流砥柱；有些人则不断寻求新的发展机遇，拓展自己的生态位，实现自我价值的最大化。
坚守与拓展，并非简单的选择，而是需要我们在理解自身能力、兴趣与社会需求的基础上，做出明智的决策。
全国自考(管理学原理)模拟试卷25
全国自考（管理学原理）模拟试卷25(总分：68.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.被认为是管理的核心的是( )（分数：2.00）A.主管人员B.中层管理者C.处理组织目标D.以人为本√解析：解析：现代管理强调以人为本，最大限度地发挥人的作用。
2.管理工作的首要职能是( )（分数：2.00）A.计划√B.组织C.控制D.领导解析：3.CEO在组织管理层次中属于( )（分数：2.00）A.协调管理者B.基层管理者C.中层管理者D.高层管理者√解析：4.对于所有层次管理者的重要性大体相同的技能是( )（分数：2.00）A.技术技能B.人际技能√C.概念技能D.筹划技能解析：解析：本题主要考查的知识点是人际技能。
人际技能对所有管理者的重要性大体相同，管理的核心问题就是以人为本。
5.对高层管理者来说，最重要的管理技能是( )（分数：2.00）A.技术技能B.人际技能C.概念技能√D.分析技能解析：解析：本题主要考查的知识点是概念技能。
概念技能是指纵观全局、洞察企业与环境要素间相互影响和作用的能力。
高层管理者更强调概念技能，中层管理者人际技能较重要，而基层管理者技术技能更突出。
6.泰勒的科学管理理论最初研究的是( )（分数：2.00）A.工人劳动生产率不高的原因√B.工人的标准化操作方法C.工人薪资的结构D.工人的工作态度解析：解析：本题主要考查的知识点是泰勒的科学管理理论的研究历史。
泰勒的研究工作，是他在米德维尔钢铁厂工作时开始的，他的特殊经历，使他有可能在工厂的生产第一线系统地研究劳动组织与生产管理问题，在他亲身体验并发现生产效率不高是由于工人们“故意偷懒”的问题后，便决心着手解决它。
7.行为科学学派产生于( )（分数：2.00）A.20世纪30年代√B.20世纪40年代C.20世纪50年代D.20世纪80年代解析：解析：本题主要考查的知识点是行为科学学派的发展历史。
经济类专业学位联考综合能力模拟试卷25_真题-无答案
经济类专业学位联考（综合能力）模拟试卷25(总分84,考试时间90分钟)1. 逻辑推理1. 推荐小组确定了援疆干部人选。
党办、人事处和业务处的推荐意见分别是：党办：从甲、乙、丙三人中选派出一至两人。
人事处：如果不选派甲，就不选派乙和丙。
业务处：只有不选派乙和丙，才选派甲。
在下列选项中，能够同时满足三个部门的意见的方案是：A. 选派甲和乙，不选派丙。
B. 不选派乙和丙，选派甲。
C. 选派乙，不选派甲和丙。
D. 选派丙，不选派甲和乙。
E. 选派乙和丙，不选派甲。
2. 某学者在进行动物实验，以探究饮食与寿命的关系。
实验中发现，大量减少食物中的热量，并同时增加维生素的含量，可以使实验老鼠的寿命延长一倍；而喂食40％标准食物量的老鼠的预期寿命是喂食标准食物量的老鼠的两倍。
如果以上信息是正确的，那么以下陈述中，除哪项外，都有助于解释喂食比标准食物量少的实验老鼠寿命的延长？A. 大量减少食物中的热量时对维生素的补充并没有增加饮食中的热量。
B. 由于吃得少，降低了老鼠的新陈代谢速度，也就减少了老鼠的自身消耗。
C. 大量减少热量的摄人使荷尔蒙系统的衰老进程明显延缓了。
D. 比标准允许量吃得少的老鼠的细胞寿命比正常进食的老鼠的细胞寿命长。
E. 低热量的进食延缓了老鼠免疫系统的老化，从而使老鼠免受一些常见疾病的侵扰。
3. 调查结果表明，口腔的老化程度与患认知障碍症之间存在一定关联：牙齿少于20颗的75岁以上老人与牙齿相对健全的同年龄段人相比，咀嚼力要低50％～90％，咀嚼食物的力量也要低1/6～1/3，咀嚼能力变差会加速大脑老化，患认知障碍症的风险也就相应加大。
对70岁以上老人做的认知障碍程度测试显示，健康的人平均有14.9颗牙齿，而疑似患认知障碍症的参试者平均只有9.4颗牙齿。
这表明牙齿健康的老人患认知障碍症的概率比较低。
下列哪项如果为真，最能反驳上述推论？A. 为了克服老年人不识字或者看不清等问题，研究者在调查过程中让参与者报告是否出现注意力、记忆、信息整合、运动等方面的障碍并根据其程度来作为评价其认知障碍的依据。
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市场营销基础》模拟会考试卷4 （考试时间90分钟，满分100分）
一．填空题（每空格1分，共10分）
1、是指受法律保护的一个品牌或品牌的一部分。
2、企业可供选择的目标市场策略有：无差异的市场营销策略、、。
3.、影响消费者购买行为的主要因素有：因素、文化因素、
因素、经济因素、个人因素等。
4、市场营销观念是一种以为中心的市场观念
5、分销渠道主要包括、代理商、以及处于渠道起点和终点的生产者与消费者。
6、企业要制定出科学合理的价格，必须了解价格的构成，那么价格是由、流通费用、和税金组成的四个构成要素出发。
二．名词解释（每题5分，共15分）
1、市场营销调研
2、市场定位
3、消费品市场
三．简答题（每题5分，共10分）
1．企业在进行促销组合时应注意什么因素？2．产品成熟期的营销策略有哪些？
四、单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分）
1．市场营销管理的实质是( )。
A．需求管理 B．客户管理C．销售管理 D．欲望管理
2． ( )包括经济发展水平、地区与行业的发展状况、居民收入水平、消费支出模式和消费结构的变化等。
A．人口环境 B．科技环境C．自然环境 D．经济环境
3．当消费者购买一件贵重的、不买有风险的而且又非常有意义的产品时通常所采取的行为类型是( )。
A．习惯性购买行为 B．寻求多样化购买行为
C．不协调购买行为 D．复杂购买行为
4．针对消费者的购买呈现购买次数频繁、每次购买量小的特点，营销者应适当调整产品规格，( )产品包装。
A．扩大 B．缩小C．保持原有的 D．改变
5．超市经常会推出一些低于成本价格出售的商品，以带动其他产品的销售，这种定价方法是()。
A．声望定价 B．低价策略C．产品群定价 D．交易折扣
6、影响企业营销活动的因素如人口、经济、文化、技术等是市场营销环境的( )因素。
A．宏观环境 B．微观环境 C．作业环境 D．营销环境
7、购买决策过程为( )
A.收集信息～认识需要～判断选择～购买决策～购后决策
B.收集信息～判断选择～认识需要～购买决策～购后决策
C.认识需要～收集信息～判断选择～购买决策～购后评价
D.认识需要～购买决策～购后评价～收集信息～判断选择
8、促销方式主要有人员推销、广告、公共关系和（）等。
A．报纸 B．杂志 C．广播D．销售促进
9、不管是否愿意，我们都会面对这样的事实：有相当一部分消费者可能对某物有一种强烈的渴求，而现在的产品或服务又无法满足这一需求。
人们对于无害香烟、安全的居住区以及节油汽等车的需求正是如此。
人们的这一需求属于（）需求。
A．负需求 B．潜在需求 C．充分需求 D．不规则需求
10、在其他情况不变的情况下，通常产品的价格上升，则该产品的市场需求量（）。
A．上升 B．下降 C．不变 D．B和C
11、（）是在Intranet基础上发展起来的企业内部网，在原有的局域网上附加一些特定的软件，将局域网与互联网连接起来而形成的虚拟网络。
A、EDI商务
B、互联网商务
C、商务
D、内联网商务
12、人们常说的“顾客就是上帝”、“消费者就是我们的衣食父母”。
这样的观念属于（）。
A、产品导向观念
B、生产导向观念
C、市场导向观念
D、推销导向观念
13、卖方为引导消费者购买较多的商品而给予相应的优惠，往往采用（）策略。
A、季节折扣
B、尾数折扣
C、批量折扣
D、地区折扣
14、心理学家研究了许多有关人的需求与动机的理论，其中最著名的理论是心理学家马斯洛的（）。
A、需求层次论
B、动机形成理论
C、市场细分理论
D、目标市场理论
15、（）是指对那些有较高声誉的名牌高档商品或在名店销售的商品制定较高的价格，以满足消费者求名和炫耀的心理。
A、撇脂定价
B、声望定价
C、尾数定价
D、习惯定价
16、某早餐加工厂在市区分设了80个放心早餐经营店，其销售渠道应采用的是（）。
A、一级渠道
B、二级渠道
C、三级渠道
D、零级渠道
17、宝洁公司有洗衣粉、牙膏、洗发水、卫生巾、玉兰油等多条产品线，其中，“多条产品线”代表的是企业产品组合的（）度。
A、宽
B、深
C、密
D、粘
18、（）组合方式便于发挥企业的行业技术和经营专长，可以使企业成为某一行业经销活动的主导企业。
A、单一化
B、市场专业化
C、产品专业化
D、多样化
19、（）广告，其目的是保护消费者对该种产品的记忆和连续购买，尤其是在产品进入旺销后十分重要。
A、通知型
B、说服型
C、大众型
D、提醒型
20、“费列罗”巧克力瞄准了（）这一目标市场，采取了“高位定价、重视情感需求、提升精品形象、采用特殊高级渠道”的策略，从而在消费者心目中形成了“至上品质、高贵形象”的定位。
A、追求低品质生活的低消费阶层
B、追求高品质生活的高消费阶层
C、追求高品质生活的低消费阶层
D、追求低品质生活的高消费阶层
五、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）
1、按购买者的购买态度与要求分类，消费者购买行为可分为（）。
A、习惯型和理智型
B、经济型
C、冲动型和情感型
D、疑虑型和随意型
2、产品投入期的营销策略有（）。
A、双低策略
B、双高策略
C、选择性渗透策略
D、密集性渗透策略
3．加强对服务需求管理的主要措施有（）
A．发展低峰期的服务 B.提供辅助性的服务
C.实行预售服务
D.实行差异定价
4.企业制定产品的价格经常需要进行调整,主要有( )两种情况.
A.主动调价
B.主动降价
C.主动提价
D.应变调价
5.产品的整体概念包括的几个层次有( )
A.核心产品 B .有形产品 C .附加产品 D.产品组合
六．判断题（每小题1分，共10分，正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”）
1．市场营销的目的是满足消费者的现实需求与潜在需求。
( )
2．开展营销活动必须了解消费者的储蓄状况。
一般来说，储蓄越多，现实消费就越大，潜在消费就越小。
( )
3．组织市场的需求弹性较大。
( )
4．按交易对象划分，电子商务可分为B2C、B2B、C2G、B2G四种。
( )
5．不同性质的产品，需要不同的促销组合。
一般来说，消费品比工业品更多地使用广告，而工业用品则更多地使用人员推销。
( )
6．千方百计提高顾客满意度是企业取得长期成功的必要条件。
( )
7．同一的商品同样可以满足消费者需求的差异性。
( )
8．对于烟酒等产品，企业可采用“均匀定价策略”。
( )
9、服装市场可根据消费者年龄，性别、职业、购买动机等进行市场细分。
（）
10、POP广告就是在售货点和购物场所做的广告。
（）
七．案例分析（每题10分，共20分）（本大题的两小题答案答于背面）
案例一：录像带的渠道革新
1992年美国圣诞节市场爆出一个大冷门：迪斯尼公司发行的卡通录像带《美女与野兽》成了最畅销和最赚钱的商品，开卖只两个多月时间，卖出了2 000万盘，盈利2亿美元。
秘诀何在？原来，迪斯尼公司的成功之道在于率先推出了“行销通路革新”。
就习惯而言，录像带应出现在文化商店和电器商店之中，这是人们通常想到也是通常使用的销售渠道。
然而，文化市场总是受流行风左右，今天还十分红火的东西，明天说不定就会遭受冷落。
更重要的是，由于现代人的生活高度紧张，有兴趣也有时间专门逛录像带市场的人毕竟有限。
问题的症结找出来了：录像带的滞销在于销售渠道不畅。
为此，迪斯尼公司大胆选择在超级市场和儿童玩具店出售录像带，把录像带与色拉油、蔬菜、瓜果及游戏机、洋娃娃放在一起。
果然，那里川流不息的人潮给迪斯尼公司带来滚滚财源。
案例思考：
1．案例中迪斯尼公司采用了何种分销策略？
2．该公司录像带的渠道创新在何处？
案例二：“白加黑”的市场定位策略
1994年末“白加黑”推出时，比1989年进入中国的康泰克和1993年进入中国的泰诺都晚。
在这两个品牌中，康泰克凭借独有的缓释胶囊技术，第一个建立了全国性强势品牌，其广告是“早一粒晚一粒，远离感冒困扰”，在当时普遍6小时吃一次的感冒药中，确立了“长效”定位；泰诺则依赖“30分钟缓解感冒症状”诉求成功，其定位于“快效”，与康泰克针锋相对。
面对强大而又被消费者所广泛认同的竞争对手，白加黑没有跟进康泰克或泰诺，而是在长效、快效之外，“白加黑”确定了干脆简练的广告口号：“治疗感冒，黑白分明”，所有的广告传播的核心信息是“白天服白片，不瞌睡；晚上服黑片，睡得香。
”产品名称和广告信息都在清晰的传达产品概念。
将两位领先者重新定义为黑白不分的感冒药，自己是“日夜分服”。
“白加黑”上市仅180天销售额就突破1.6亿元，在拥挤的感冒药市场上分割了15%的份额，登上了行业第二品牌的地位，在中国大陆营销传播史上，堪称奇迹，这一现象被称为“白加黑”震撼，白加黑凭此定位进入了三强品牌之列。
案例思考：
1．“白加黑”采用了哪种定位策略？
2．为什么要采用这种策略？。