高考英语阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题
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XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号
学员编号:年级:高三课时数:
学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:学科组长/带头人签名及日期学员家长签名及日期课题重点词汇的用法、高考阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题授课时间:备课时间:
教学目标重点词语的词义辨析
高考阅读理解-事实细节的技巧训练
重点、难点重点词语的词义辨析
高考阅读理解-事实细节题的应试技巧
考点及考试要求事实理解题在阅读理解中占据相当的比例。而基础词汇的词义和词性变化也为完形填空和语法填空提供所需材料
教学内容
Part I: Checking and revision
1.上次课知识回顾;
2.词汇记忆检测
Part II:
I . 词语辨析(旨在提供完型填空提供所需材料)
1. ignore / neglect / overlook
【解释】
ignore 通常指有意不顾,或不理会显而易见的事物。
neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视,也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
○1We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.
2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.
3). Don’t ________ paying him
a visit now and then.
2. cheat / fool
【解释】
cheat 主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人,骗取人的钱等。fool “愚弄”,指利用人缺乏常识,心理脆弱来欺骗人。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). You may get _________ in that shop.
2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】
calm 天气、水、水面(表风平浪静);(指人时)表示镇定自如。
quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”,侧重没有响声,没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和,文静。
silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”,常常表示人不爱说话,沉默无语。
still “不动的”,指人时侧重一动不动,;指物时指完全没有声音,突出静止不动。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
3). Everything was ___________.
4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解释】
join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等
join in 表示参加游戏、活动等;join sb. (in sth.) 表(和某人一起)做某事
take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等
attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼;听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等;上学、教堂
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Can I ___________ the game?
2). Did you ____________ the fighting?
3). He __________ the army last year.
4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.
II词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1. frighten vt. 吓唬;使惊吓frightened n. 受惊的;受恐吓
的
frightening adj.令人恐惧的
2. nation n. 民族;国家;
国民
national adj. 民族的;国家的
3. suffer v. 受苦; 吃苦头suffering n. 苦难;痛苦sufferer n.受苦者; 受难者
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) He’s travell ed to the ________ of Western Europe. (nation)
2) We are talking about _________ and international issues. (nation)
3)___________ children were calling for their mothers.. (frighten)
4)The child __________to death by the violent thunderstorm. (frighten)
5)It is even _________ to think of the horrors of nuclear war. (frighten)
6)We ________ huge losses in the financial crisis. (suffer)
7) They’re arthritis __________. (suffer)
8) There is so much __________ in this world. (suffer)
Part III.阅读理解技巧突破之——事实细节题
所谓细节题,是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问或用与此相类似的词填空。说明文和叙述文的思考题有相当于部分是此类题)及语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表
达上的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论。)抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,也是做好
其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为:
1) When/Where did the story happen?
2) Which of the following statements is (not) correct?
3) Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?
4) Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?
5) All the statements are true except.
该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,或是其变体。所以,搜查信息在阅读中非常重要,它
包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主
体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,
再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信息,也是把握文章中心思想的前提。
细节专题一:排序题
此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实,然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发生的
先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最早的一个时间
和事件,把它作为事件发生的具体点,然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小,从而快速地选出正确答案。
例1:In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach(沙滩)in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士) to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine. Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she did not want to get into
the sea, the attendant pulled her in.(1996NMET)
①In 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is the right order for doing
them?