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J.Nanopart.Res.,2009,11,1513–Rheological behaviour of ethylene glycol-titanate nanotube nano

BRIEF COMMUNICATIONRheological behaviour of ethylene glycol-titanate nanotube nanoﬂuidsHaisheng Chen ÆYulong Ding ÆAlexei Lapkin ÆXiaolei FanReceived:11July 2008/Accepted:4February 2009/Published online:26February 2009ÓSpringer Science+Business Media B.V.2009Abstract Experimental work has been performed on the rheological behaviour of ethylene glycol based nanoﬂuids containing titanate nanotubes over 20–60°C and a particle mass concentration of 0–8%.It is found that the nanoﬂuids show shear-thinning behaviour particularly at particle concentrations in excess of *2%.Temperature imposes a very strong effect on the rheological behaviour of the nanoﬂuids with higher temperatures giving stronger shear thinning.For a given particle concentration,there exists a certain shear rate below which the viscosity increases with increasing temperature,whereas the reverse occurs above such a shear rate.The normalised high-shear viscosity with respect to the base liquid viscosity,however,is independent of temperature.Further analyses suggest that the temperature effects are due to the shear-dependence of the relative contributions to the viscosity of the Brownian diffusion and convection.The analyses also suggest that a combination of particle aggregation and particle shape effects is the mechanism for the observed high-shear rheological behaviour,which is also supported by the thermal conductivity measure-ments and analyses.Keywords Rheological behaviour ÁEthylene glycol ÁTitanate nanotube ÁNanoﬂuid ÁThermal conductivityNanoﬂuids are dilute suspensions of particles with at least one dimension smaller than about 100nm (Choi 1995).Such a type of materials can be regarded as functionalized colloids with special requirements of a low-particle loading,a high-thermal performance,favourable ﬂow/rheolgocial behaviour,and a great physical and chemical stability over a wide range of process and solution chemistry conditions.Nano-ﬂuids have been shown to be able to enhance heat transfer (Choi 1995;Wang and Mujumdar.2007),mass transfer (Krishnamurthy et al.2006),and wetting and spreading (Wasan and Nikolov 2003),and have been a hot topic of research over the past decade (Wang and Mujumdar 2007;Keblinski et al.2005).Most published studies have focused on the heat transfer behaviour including thermal conduction (Choi 1995;Wang et al.1999;Wang and Mujumdar 2007;Keblinski et al.2005;Eastman et al.2001;He et al.2007;Ding et al.2006),phase change (boiling)heat transfer (Das et al.2003;Pak and Cho 1998),and convective heat transfer (Wang and Mujumdar 2007;Keblinski et al.2005;He et al.2007;Ding et al.2006,Chen et al.2008;Prasher et al.2006a and Yang et al.2005).Only few studies have been devoted to the rheological behaviour ofH.Chen ÁY.Ding (&)Institute of Particle Science and Engineering,University of Leeds,Leeds,UK e-mail:y.ding@pkin ÁX.FanDepartment of Chemical Engineering,University of Bath,Bath,UKJ Nanopart Res (2009)11:1513–1520DOI 10.1007/s11051-009-9599-9nanoﬂuids(He et al.2007;Chen et al.2008;Prasher et al.2006a,b;Kwak and Kim2005;Lee et al.2006), although there is a large body of literature on suspensions rheology;see for example,Russel et al. (1991);Chow(1993);Petrie(1999),Larson(1999); Goodwin et al.(2000)l;Mohraz et al.(2004);Larson (2005);Egres and Wagner(2005);Abdulagatov and Azizov(2006).Particularly,there is little in the literature on the effect of temperature on the rheo-logical behaviour of nanoﬂuids.Clearly,there is a gap in the current rheological literature for this type ofﬂuids.Furthermore,recent work has shown that the thermal behaviour of nanoﬂuids correlates well with their rheological behaviour(Prasher et al.2006a, b;Chen et al.2007a;Abdulagatov and Azizov2006). In a recent study,we investigated systemically the rheological behaviour of ethylene glycol(EG)based spherical TiO2nanoﬂuids(Chen et al.2007b).The results show that the nanoﬂuids are Newtonian over a shear rate range of0.5–104s-1and the shear viscosity is a strong function of temperature,particle concentration and aggregation microstructure.This work is concerned about the rheological behaviour of EG based nanoﬂuids containing titanate nanotubes (TNT).The speciﬁc objectives of the work are to investigate the effects of particle shape,particle concentration and temperature on nanoﬂuids viscosity, and to understand the relationship between the rheo-logical behaviour and the effective thermal conductivity of nanoﬂuids.It is for theﬁrst time that the rheological behaviour of a highly viscous EG based TNT nanoﬂuids is investigated in a systematic manner.As will be seen later,the results of this work provide further evidence that the rheological measure-ments could provide information of particle structuring for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of nanoﬂuids.The EG-TNT nanoﬂuids used in this work were formulated by using the so-called two-step method with EG purchased from Alfa Aesar and TNT synthesized in our labs using a method described elsewhere(Bavykin et al.2004).The details of nanoﬂuids formulation can be found elsewhere(Wen and Ding2005;He et al.2007;Chen et al.2007b). The TNT particles have a diameter(b)of*10nm and a length(L)of*100nm,giving an aspect ratio of(r=L/b)of*10.To avoid complications in interpreting the experimental results,no dispersants/ surfactants were used in the formulation.The nanoﬂuids formulated were found stable for over 2months.The rheological behaviour of the nano-ﬂuids was measured by using a Bolin CVO rheometer (Malvern Instruments,UK)over a shear rate range of 0.03–3,000s-1,a nanoparticle mass concentration of w=0–8%,and a temperature range of20–60°C (293–333K).The nanoﬂuids were characterised for their size by using a Malvern Nanosizer(Malvern Instruments,UK)and a scanning electron microscope (SEM).The average effective particle diameter was found to be*260nm for all nanoﬂuids formulated. This size is much larger than the equivalent diameter of the primary nanoparticles due to aggregation;see later for more discussion.Note that the particle size characterisation was performed both before and after the rheological measurements and no detectable changes to particle size were found.Figure1shows the viscosity of pure EG and EG-TNT nanoﬂuids as a function of shear rate at 40°C.The results at other temperatures are similar.It can be seen that the EG-TNT nanoﬂuids exhibit highly shear-thinning behaviour particularly when the TNT concentration exceeds*2%.Such behaviour is different from the observed Newtonian behaviour of EG-TiO2nanoﬂuids containing spherical nanoparti-cles over similar shear rate range(Chen et al.2007b) where the base liquid,EG,is the same as that used in the current wok.The behaviour is similar to the observations of carbon nanotube nanoﬂuids(Ding et al.2006)and CuO nanorod nanoﬂuids(Kwak and Kim2005),although there are important differencesbetween them such as temperature dependence as will be discussed later.The shear-thinning behaviour of well-dispersed suspensions can be interpreted by the structuring of interacting particles(Doi and Edwards1978a,b and Larson1999).In a quiescent state,a rod-like particle has three types of motion due to Brownian diffusion: rotational(end-over-end)motion around the mid-point and translational motion in parallel or perpendicular to the long axis.For dilute suspensions with a number density,c,ranging between0and1/L3or volume fraction,u,ranging between0and1/r2),the average spacing between the particles is larger than the longest dimension of the rod,and zero shear viscosity can be approximated by gð0Þ%g0ð1þAÁcL3Þwith g0the base liquid viscosity and A,a numerical constant(Doi and Edwards1978a).For suspensions with 1/L3\c\1/bL2or1/r2\f/\1/r,the rod-like particles start to interact.The rotational motion is severely restricted,as well as the translational motion perpendicular to the long axis,and the zero shear viscosity can be estimated by gð0Þ%g0ð1þðBcL3Þ3Þ; with B a numerical constant(Doi and Edwards1978b). As a consequence,the zero shear viscosity can be much greater than the base liquid viscosity.The large viscosity is due to the rod-like shape effect and the viscosity is very sensitive to shear,which tends to align particles and hence the shear-thinning behaviour as shown in Fig.1.Note that the above mechanism can give a qualitative explanation for the experimental observations at low-shear rates and the shear-thinning behaviour as shown in Fig.1,it does not explain the high-shear viscosity of the nanoﬂuids,which will be discussed later.It should also be noted that the criteria for classifying nanoﬂuids given above need to be modiﬁed due to the presence of aggregates;see later for more discussion.Figure2shows the shear viscosity of4.0%EG-TNT nanoﬂuids as a function of shear rate at different temperatures.The results under other concentrations are similar.It can be seen that the temperature has a very strong effect on the rheological behaviour of nanoﬂuids with higher temperatures giving stronger shear thinning.For shear rates below*10s-1,the shear viscosity increases with increasing temperature, whereas the trend is reversed when the shear rate is above*10s-1.As mentioned above,this behaviour was not observed for carbon nanotube(Ding et al. 2006)and CuO nanorod(Kwak and Kim2005)nanoﬂuids and we have not seen reports on such behaviour for nanoﬂuids in the literature;see later for more discussion on the underlying mechanisms. Figure2also shows that the strongest shear thinning occurs at40–60°C,whereas very weak-shear thinning takes places at20–30°C.It is also noted that the shear viscosity of nanoﬂuids at all temperatures investigated approaches a constant at high-shear rates.If the high-shear viscosity is plotted against temperature,Fig.3is obtained where the shear rate corresponding to the high-shear viscosity is taken as *2,000s-1.An inspection of all the data indicates that theyﬁt the following equation very well:ln g¼AþBÂ1000=TþCðÞð1Þwhere g is the shear viscosity(mPaÁs),T is the absolute temperature(K),and A,B and C areconstants given in Table1.Equation(1)takes a similar format as that widely used for liquid viscosity (Bird et al.2002)and for EG based nanoﬂuids containing spherical particles(Chen et al.2007b).If the measured high-shear viscosity is normalized with respect to the shear viscosity of the base liquid, the relative increaseðg i¼ðgÀg0Þ=g0Þof the high-shear viscosity is found to be only a function of concentration but independent of temperature over the temperature range investigated in this work.The relative increments in the shear viscosities of nano-ﬂuids containing0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,4.0%and8.0% particles are 3.30%,7.00%,16.22%,26.34%and 70.96%,respectively.Similar temperature indepen-dence of the shear viscosity was also observed for EG-TiO2and water-TiO2nanoﬂuids containing spherical nanoparticles(Chen et al.2007b).The experimentally observed temperature depen-dence can be interpreted as follows.Given the base liquid and nanoparticles,the functional dependence of viscosity on shear rate is determined by the relative importance of the Brownian diffusion and convection effects.At temperatures below*30°C,the contribu-tion from the Brownian diffusion is weak due to high-base liquid viscosity.As a consequence,the shear dependence of the suspension is weak(Fig.2).The contribution from the Brownian diffusion becomes increasingly important with increasing temperature particularly above40°C due to the exponential dependence of the base liquid viscosity on temperature (Fig.3).At very high-shear rates,the Brownian diffusion plays a negligible role in comparison with the convective contribution and hence independent of the high-shear viscosity on the temperature.We now start to examine if the classical theories for the high-shear viscosity predict the experimental measurements(note that there is a lack of adequate theories for predicting the low shear viscosity).Figure4shows the shear viscosity increment as a function of nanoparticle volume concentration together with the predictions by the following Brenner &Condiff Equation for dilute suspensions containing large aspect ratio rod-like particles(Brenner and Condiff1974):g¼g01þg½ uþO u2ÀÁÀÁð2Þwhere the intrinsic viscosity,½g ;for high-shear rates has the following form(Goodwin and Hughes2000):½g ¼0:312rln2rÀ1:5þ2À0:5ln2rÀ1:5À1:872rð3ÞAlso included in Fig.4are the data for EG-TiO2 nanoﬂuids with spherical nanoparticles(Chen et al. 2007b)and predictions by the Einstein Equation (Einstein1906,1911)for dilute non-interacting suspensions of spherical particles,g¼g01þ2:5uðÞ: It can be seen that both the Einstein and Brenner& Condiff equations greatly underpredict the measured data for the EG-TNT nanoﬂuids.The high-shear viscosity of EG-TNT nanoﬂuids is much higher than that of the EG-TiO2nanoﬂuids containing spherical nanoparticles,indicating a strong particle shape effect on the shear viscosity of nanoﬂuids.Although the shear-thinning behaviour of the nanoﬂuids could be partially attributed to the structuring of interacting rod-like particles,the large deviation between the measured high-shear viscosity and the predicted ones by the Brenner&Condiff equation cannot fully be interpreted.In the following,an attempt is made to explain the experimental observations from the viewpoint of aggregation of nanaoparticles,which have been shown to play a key role in thermal behaviour of nanoﬂuids in recent studies(Wang et al. 2003;Xuan et al.2003;Nan et al.1997;Prasher et al. 2006a,b;Keblinski et al.2005).Such an approach is also supported by the SEM and dynamic lightTable1Empirical constants for Eq.(1)a Maximum discrepancies;b Minimum discrepancies Concentration(wt%)A B C MaxD a(%)MinD b(%)0.0-3.21140.86973-154.570.62-1.440.5-3.42790.94425-148.490.93-0.471.0-2.94780.81435-159.14 1.11-0.692.0-2.2930.65293-174.57 1.64-0.694.0-2.63750.7574-165.820.99-0.948.0-2.73140.93156-145.010.88-1.57scattering analyses,which,as mentioned before, show clear evidence of particle aggregation.According to the modiﬁed Krieger-Dougherty equation(Goodwin and Hughes2000;Wang et al. 2003;Xuan et al.2003;Nan et al.1997),the relative viscosity of nanoﬂuids,g r,is given as:g r¼1Àu a=u mðÞÀ½g u mð4Þwhere u m is the maximum concentration at which the ﬂow can occur and u a is the effective volume fraction of aggregates given by u a¼u=u ma with u ma the maximum packing fraction of aggregates.As aggre-gates do not have constant packing throughout the structure,the packing density is assumed to change with radial position according to the power law with a constant index(D).As a result,u a is given as u a¼uða a=aÞ3ÀD;with a a and a,the effective radii of aggregates and primary nanoparticles,respectively. The term D is also referred as the fractal index meaning the extent of changes in the packing fraction from the centre to the edge of the aggregates.Typical values of D are given in normal textbook as D= 1.8–2.5for diffusion limited aggregation(DLA)and D=2.0–2.2for reaction limited aggregation(RLA); see for example Goodwin and Hughes(2000).For nanoﬂuids containing spherical nanoparticles,the value of D has been shown experimentally and numerically to be between1.6and1.8(Wang et al. 2003,Xuan et al.2003)and between1.8and2.3, respectively(Waite et al.2001).A typical value of 1.8is suggested for nanoﬂuids made of spherical nanoparticles(Prasher et al.2006a,b).However,little research has been found on the fractal index for nanoﬂuids containing rod-like nanoparticles.The colloid science literature suggests a fractal index of 1.5–2.45for colloidal suspensions depending on the type of aggregation,chemistry environment,particle size and shape and shearﬂow conditions(Haas et al. 1993;Mohraz et al.2004;Hobbie and Fry2006; Micali et al.2006;Lin et al.2007).In a recent study, Mohraz et al.(2004)investigated the effect of monomer geometry on the fractal structure of colloi-dal rod aggregates.They found that the fractal index is a non-linear function of the monomer aspect ratio with the D increasing from*1.80to*2.3when the aspect ratio of the rod-like nanoparticles increases from1.0to30.6.Based on the above,a value of D=2.1is taken for nanoﬂuids used in this work (Mohraz et al.2004,Lin et al.2007).Although the fractal model may appear to simplify the complexity of microstructures in aggregating systems containing rod-like particles,excellent agreement between the model prediction and experimental measurements exists when a a/a=9.46;see Fig.4.Here the aggregates are assumed to formﬂow units of an ellipsoidal shape with an effective aspect ratio of r a¼L a=b a;where L a and b a are the effective length and diameter,respectively.In the calculation,a typical value of u m of0.3is taken(Barnes et al.1989),and the intrinsic viscosity[g]is calculated by Eq.(3).It is to be noted that the aggregate size thatﬁts well to the rheological data(Fig.4)is consistent with the particle size analyses using both the SEM and the Malvern Nanosizer.A comparison between the EG-TNT data (a a/a=9.46,D=2.1,u m=0.30)and the EG-TiO2 data(a a/a=3.34,D=1.8,u m=0.605)(Chen et al. 2007b)in Fig.4suggests that the larger aggregate size in TNT nanoﬂuids be an important factor responsible for the stronger shear-thinning behaviour and higher shear viscosity of TNT nanoﬂuids.An inspection of Eq.(4)indicates that the effec-tive volume fraction u a u a¼u a a=aðÞ3ÀDis much higher than the actual volume fraction(u).This leads to the experimentally observed high-shear viscosity even for very dilute nanoﬂuids,according to the classiﬁcation discussed before.As a consequence,the demarcations deﬁning the dilute and semi-concen-trated dispersions should be changed by using the effective volume fraction.The model discussed above can also provide a macroscopic explanation for the temperature indepen-dence of the high-shear viscosity.From Eq.(4),one can see that the relative high-shear viscosity depends on three parameters,the maximum volume fraction, u m,the effective volume fraction,u a and the intrinsic viscosity,[g].For a given nanoﬂuid at a temperature not far from the ambient temperature,the three parameters are independent of temperature and hence the little temperature dependence of the relative shear viscosity.Microscopically,as explained before,the temperature-independent behaviour is due to negligi-ble Brownian diffusion compared with convection in high-shearﬂows.To further illustrate if the proposed aggregation mechanism is adequate,it is used to predict the effective thermal conductivity of the nanoﬂuids by using the following conventional Hamilton–Crosser model(H–C model)(Hamilton and Crosser1962):k=k0¼k pþðnÀ1Þk0ÀðnÀ1Þuðk0Àk pÞk pþðnÀ1Þk0þuðk0Àk pÞð5Þwhere k and k0are,respectively,the thermal conductivities of nanoﬂuids and base liquid,n is the shape factor given by n=3/w with w the surface area based sphericity.For TNT used in this work,the sphericity w is estimated as0.6(Hamilton and Crosser1962).For suspensions of aggregates,the above equation takes the following form:k=k0¼k aþðnÀ1Þk0ÀðnÀ1Þu aðk0Àk aÞa0a0að6Þwhere k a is the thermal conductivity of aggregates.To calculate k a,Eq.(6)is combined with the following Nan’s model(Nan et al.2003)for randomly dispersed nanotube-based composites:k a=k0¼3þu in½2b xð1ÀL xÞþb zð1ÀL zÞ3Àu in½2b x L xþb z L zð7Þwhere/in is the solid volume fraction of aggregates, b x¼ðk xÀk0Þ=½k mþL xðk tÀk mÞ and b z¼ðk zÀk0Þ=½k mþL zðk tÀk mÞ with k x,k m and k t being the thermal conductivities of nanotubes along trans-verse and longitudinal directions and isotropic thermal conductivity of the nanotube,respectively. In this work,k x,k m and k t are taken the same value as k p for aﬁrst order of approximation due to lack of experimental data,and L x and L z are geometrical factors dependent on the nanotube aspect ratio given by L x¼0:5r2=ðr2À1ÞÀ0:5r coshÀ1r=ðr2À1Þ3=2 and L z¼1À2L x:Figure5shows the experimental results together with predictions by the original H–C model(Eq.5) and revised H–C model(Eq.6).Here the experiment data were obtained using a KD2thermal property meter(Labcell,UK)(Murshed et al.2005;Chen et al. 2008).One can see that the measured thermal conductivity is much higher than the prediction by the conventional H–C model(Eq.5),whereas the modiﬁed H–C model taking into account the effect of aggregation(Eq.6)agrees very well with the exper-imental data.The above results suggest that nanoparticle aggregates play a key role in the enhancement of thermal conductivity of nanoﬂuids. The results also suggest that one could use the rheology data,which contain information of particle structuring in suspensions,for the effective thermal conductivity prediction.In summary,we have shown that EG-TNT nano-ﬂuids are non-Newtonian exhibiting shear-thinning behaviour over20–60°C and a particle mass concen-tration range of0–8%,in contrast to the Newtonian behaviour for EG-TiO2nanoﬂuids containing spher-ical particles.The non-Newtonian shear-thinning behaviour becomes stronger at higher temperatures or higher concentrations.For a given particle concen-tration,there exists a certain shear rate(e.g.*10s-1 for4wt%)below which the viscosity increases with increasing temperature,whereas the reverse occurs above such a shear rate.The normalised high-shearviscosity with respect to the base liquid viscosity, however,is found to be independent of temperature. These observations have not been reported in the literature for nanoﬂuids.Further analyses suggest that the temperature effects are due to the shear-depen-dence of the relative contributions to the viscosity of the Brownian diffusion and convection.The analyses also suggest that a combination of particle aggregation and particle shape effects is the mechanism for the observed high-shear rheological behaviour,which is supported not only by the particle size measurements but also by the thermal conductivity measurements and analyses using a combination of the H–C and Nan’s models.The results of this work also indicate that one could use the information of aggregation from the rheological experiments for predicting the effec-tive thermal conductivity of nanoﬂuids. 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Pocket Reads 4-30 中文名字说明书

Rights Guideu b j e c t o n t e n t sPocket Reads 4-30A superb selection of 46 pocket sized readers that will capture children’simagination, from chillers fiction titles to fascinating non-fiction series. Pocket Reads includes four engaging strands which are guaranteed to appeal t o a ll: P ocket T ales, P ocket C hillers, P ocket W orlds a nd P ocket F acts. The c harts d isplayed a t t he e nd o f e ach s egment h ighlight t he f ull r ange o f 106 titles available.Pocket Tales 4-10Pocket Chillers 11-17Pocket Worlds 18-24Pocket Facts 25-31o c k e t R e a d sSubject Contents Pocket ReadsThe Really RottenPiratesBrave MouseISBN: 9780602242558 32 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242510 32 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118ChinaChinaRights SoldRights SoldDamian Harvey lives in North Wales with his family. He has written over fifty books for primary school aged c hildren a nd i s a f requent v isitor t o s chools w here he p resents i nteractive t alks o n d esign t o g et c hildren enthused and excited about books and reading.Jeremy's work is characterised by humour and direct child appeal. His ideas come from everywhere - his childhood, his children, over-hearing conversations, something he sees - and he constantly makes notes. He has won many awards as best author of children books.The R eally R otten P irates s ail o n b oard t he G olden B ell. What h appens w hen t hey c ome f ace t o f ace w ith…the Messy Pirates?Brave M ouse h as a lways d reamed o f s eeing t he w orld. When a b eautiful b oat i s w ashed a shore, h e p repares f or a big adventure…Jeremy StrongDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Damian HarveyThe GREEDY Snapjaw FeeblemanISBN: 9780602242473 32 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242688 32 ppAge Range: 7 - 8 Format: 165X118JanRights SoldWhen C harlotte's m um b rings h ome a n ew p lant, t hings start t o d isappear! W hat s ecret d oes t he n ew p lant h old?No one in Wincey Village knows that the superhero, Feebleman, is Rick Champion (top goal scorer for the school f ootball t eam). W ill R ick k eep h is s ecret i dentity hidden?DescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Jill AtkinsChinaJan Burchett and Sara VoglerAuthor:Jan and Sara were already friends when one day they decided they wanted to write children’s stories and that it would be more fun to write them together. Since then they’ve written over 140 books for ages 3 -12. As well as trade fiction they have recently been involved in Pearson’s Bug Club and OUP’s Project X and Oxford Reading Tree.Beast HuntISBN: 978060224266448 ppAge Range: 7 - 8 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242701 48 ppAge Range: 7 - 8 Format: 165X118People often ask her what sort of books she writes for children and the answer is all sorts of books, from rhyming stories, ghost stories and animal stories to books about history, dance or art. She writes for all ages too, from little ones up to young teens.All o f t he G ool f amily a re g ood a t s caring p eople -e xcept Baby Gool. Can he ever be as scary as his elders?A b east i s r oaming t he c ountryside a nd k illing s heep. C an Beevis a nd T od t rack t he b east d own b efore i t's t oo l ate?Jean Ure Jillian PowellDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:The GoolsU.N.Luck-yISBN: 9780602242787 48 ppAge Range: 8 - 9 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242848 56 ppAge Range: 8 - 9 Format: 165X118ChinaChinaRights SoldRights SoldRob Childs is a British author, who has written over eighty books, mainly aimed at young people. Most of the b ooks h ave a s porting t heme, w ith o ver fi fty b eing about f ootball. R ob h as a lso w ritten n on-sports b ooks based on historical characters.Someone h as s tolen G randad B riny's s ea h orses! G randad and Billy set off to rescue them in Grandad's amazing submarine. B ut t hey h ave n o i dea w hat a dventures a wait them…United k eeps g etting i nto t rouble…but i t's n ot h is f ault -he's just very unlucky!Hilary Sharpe Rob ChildsDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Grandad Briny and the Seaweed Garden CentreThe Genie of the BottleBankISBN: 978060224299248 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242985 56 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118ChinaSinceRights SoldSean Taylor is the author of many books for children of m any d ifferent a ges. S ean s tarted w riting p oetry a s a teenager. T hen, in 1993, he came across a newspaper article which reported that a goat slaughtered by a Muslim cleric in Iran had been found to have teeth made of gold.When T om s ets Y allery B rown f ree, Y allery B rown p romises to h elp T om i n r eturn…as l ong a s T om p romises n ever t o thank him!When Arthur was granted a wish by a genie, he didn't think t here w ould b e s o m uch h anging a round f or i t t o come true!Sean TaylorDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Yallery BrownSince 1980, he has written or edited more than 120 books for children and young people, many of them for major educational series. He has visited schools, libraries, colleges and festivals throughout the UK and abroad to give readings, performances and lead workshops.Mick Gowar Author:The Lost SpaceshipISBN: 9780602242923 56 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602243081 80 ppAge Range: 10-11 Format: 165X118ChinaChinaRights SoldRights SoldAnn b egan t raining a s a t eacher, b ut d ecided t eaching was not for her. Her first novel was published in 1974, and s ince t hen s he h as w ritten m ore t han t hirty b ooks for children and young people of all ages.K ing L oofah i s t he k ind r uler o f a b eautiful i sland. A fter o ne terrible, s tormy n ight, h e s oon l earns t hat t here a re m any others w ho w ould l ike t o r ule t he i sland t hemselves…When Matthew fi nds a s paceship i n the old quarry, he doesn't k now h ow t o t ell a nyone -s o h e d oesn’t. B ut w hen his b rother s tarts a cting s trangely, M atthew r ealises t hat this is one secret he can't hold on to for much longer.Rhian Baker Ann TurnbullDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:The Fantastic Tale ofKing LoofahP o c k e t T a l e s S e r i e sAge R a n g e Age R a n g eA ge R a n g eA ge R a n g e 6 - 77 - 88 - 99 - 10Age R a n g e10 - 11Our Neighbour's aVampire!BE PREPAREDISBN: 9780602242091 32 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242114 32 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118Adam Guillain is a children's writer and storyteller. He also h as g reat f un f acilitating c reative w riting w orkshops in schools. Bella Balistica and the African Safari is the latest adventure in the Bella Balistica series.She has written many children's stories, 10 of which have been published in the last five years, mostly for ages 7-11. S he h as w on s ome p rizes f or h er a dult s hort stories and poetry but she has not yet produced the adult novel people seem to think makes you a 'real' writer.A strange man moves in next door. Can W illiam prove that his new neighbour is a vampire?Tyler t hinks t here i s a v ampire g host i n t he c reepy h ouse next d oor. F reddy i s n ot s o s ure. I s h e p repared t o fi nd o ut the truth?Adam GuillainAnne AdeneyDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Monster Shock Rubbed OutISBN: 978060224210732 ppAge Range: 6 - 7Format: 165X118ISBN: 978060224217648 ppAge Range: 7 - 8Format: 165X118J a nJan and Sara are the authors of Feebleman - PocketTales series.Rob is the author of U.N.Luck-y - Pocket Tales series.Sam and Emma are having a great holiday until Jasonarrives. Then everyone is in for a monster shock!Marcus loves drawing. But he discovers a much moreexciting t alent w hen h e g ets a r ubber w ith s pecial p owersfrom a market stall.Jan Burchett and Sara Vogler Rob ChildsDescription DescriptionAuthor:Author:Ghoul School Ghost ThiefISBN: 978060224214548 ppAge Range: 7 - 8Format: 165X118ISBN: 978060224212148 ppAge Range: 7 - 8Format: 165X118Adam is the author of Our Neighbour's a Vampire -Pocket Chillers series.Kathryn White is the author of The Gift - Pocket Talesseries.Arm-wrestling l essons, e ye-ball t ennis, a nd a p hantomheadteacher! S tanley i s i n f or t he s hock o f h is l ife w henhe starts at Ghoul School…When t hings g o m issing f rom t he h oliday c amp, A my g etsthe blame. But she is sure that a ghost is the thief! Canshe prove it to Ling?Adam Guillain Kathryn WhiteDescription DescriptionAuthor:Author:The Horrible HandsWailing RockISBN: 978060224215248 ppAge Range: 8 - 9 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242138 48 ppAge Range: 8 - 9 Format: 165X118Since Since 1980, he has written or edited more than 120 books for children and young people, many of them for major educational series. He has visited schools libraries, colleges and festivals throughout the UK and abroad to give readings, performances and lead workshops.Damian Harvey is the author of The Really Rotten Pirates - Pocket Tales series.Long J em d oesn't b elieve i n t he h orrible h ands t hat s care all the other villagers…until one cold winter's night!Dylan a nd M egan c an't w ait t o e xplore W ailing R ock. W ill they fi nd t he t ruth a bout t he t ale o f C ut-Throat B ones?Mick GowarDamian HarveyDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:The Hangman Mobile FearISBN: 9780602242190 64 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242237 64 ppAge Range: 10 - 11 Format: 165X118He Martyn Beardsley is a Nottingham author who made his breakthrough with the successful Sir Gadabout series f or c hildren. H e h as w ritten n umerous c hildren's fiction a nd n on-fiction b ooks a nd i s n ow l ooking m ore towards the adult market.He wrote his first full length book - The Revenge of Caprir - when he was 10. He spent 8 years teaching which w as w hen h e r ealised h e e njoyed r eading s tories to his class remembering how much he had loved writing when he was younger.Joe's f riends d on't b elieve h is s tories a bout t he t errifying ghost a t t he H anging T ree. B ut w hen t hey g o t o s ee f or themselves, something changes their mind…Rick is fl ash. H e a lways h as t he latest gizmos a nd loves to s how t hem o ff. B ut R ick's f riends a re n ot s o i mpressed with his new mobile phone. In fact, they are scared!Martyn BeardsleyJonny ZuckerDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Pitch Pond Curse The Dying CandlesISBN: 9780602242220 64 ppAge Range: 10 - 11 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242183 64 ppAge Range: 10 - 11 Format: 165X118Kathryn White is the author of Ghost Thief - Pocket Chillers series and The Gift Pocket Tales series.Jonny Zucker is the author of Mobile Fear - Pocket Chillers Series.In 1848 in the village of Holbury, there was a pond so evil t hat n o o ne v entured n ear i t. P itch P ond w as c ursed b y a s pirit t hat w ould s teal t he s ouls o f i ts v ictims. B ut w ho would be its next victim?Chantel and Chris are shocked to find a cavern, deep below t he b asement i n t heir b lock o f fl ats. B ut t hey a re even m ore s hocked t o d iscover t he s ecret o f t he d ying candles.Kathryn WhiteJonny ZuckerDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:P o c k e t C h i l l e r s S e r i e sAge R a n g eA ge R a n g e A ge R a n g e A ge R a n g eAge R a n g e 6 - 77 - 88 - 99 - 1010 - 11What on EARTH is it?ISBN: 978060250186024 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602501884 24 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118Mi Nicolas Brasch is the author of more than 300 books for children and young adults. He writes both fiction and f actual b ooks f or t he t rade, l ibrary a nd e ducational market.Michael McMahon is the author of Beware! and High and Mighty - Pocket Worlds Series.Water c an b e w ild -r eally w ild! S ometimes w ild w ater i s great f un, b ut w hen t here a re fl oods, m udslides o r t sunamis it's not fun at all. Then it's scary and very dangerous!Is it a place where it always rains? Is it a place that is always c old? Y ou'll n eed t o u se t he c lues i n t his b ook t o work out what on Earth the hidden places are!Nicolas BraschMichael McMahonDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Wild WaterAuthor:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Where in the World is WOOLLOOMOOLOO?ISBN: 9780602501891 24 ppAge Range: 7 -8 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602501914 24 ppAge Range: 7 -8 Format: 165X118M i c BillMichael McMahon is the author of W hat on Earth is it? and High and Mighty - Pocket Worlds Series.Bill Condon started to work as a journalist where he was given a one-day trial at the paper, and stayed for ten y ears. T hroughout t hose y ears B ill w as a lso w riting for children.Some a nimals l ook v ery m eek a nd m ild, b ut t hey a re r eady to attack at any time! Find out about some of Earth's creatures that should carry their own warning signs.Where in the world would you find places called Cow Head, M osquito a nd B anana? T he w orld h as m any p laces with very strange names. If you travel through these pages you'll find lots of them!Michael McMahonBill Condon DescriptionDescriptionBEWARE!Author:Author:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)No Limits!ISBN: 978060250190724 ppAge Range: 7 -8 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602501945 32 ppAge Range: 8-9 Format: 165X118Peter Peter Rees is an established author of children books.Nicolas Brasch is the author of Wild Water and Fabulous!- Pocket Worlds Series.Where o n E arth d id t he d inosaurs l ive? W ho f ound t he first f ossils? Y ou c an d ig u p t he a nswers t o t hese q uestions and many more right now...Who was the first person to sail non-stop around the world? W ho w as t he y oungest p erson t o c limb t o t he p eak of M ount E verest? F ind o ut a bout t hese i ncredible f eats and many, many more!Peter ReesNicolas BraschDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Digging up DinosaursAuthor:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)The Green BugISBN: 9780602501921 32 ppAge Range: 8-9 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602501976 32 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118 B i l l Bill Condon is the author of Where in the World is WOOLLOOMOOLOO? - Pocket Worlds Series.Helen Bethune is the author of Sound Bites and Read This! - Pocket Worlds SeriesWhere can y ou find giant underwater mountains a nd rivers that are far too wide to swim across? On Earth! Find o ut s ome a mazing f acts a bout p lanet E arth t hat w ill astound your friends.Recycle! Reuse! Reduce! That's what people with the green b ug d o. F ind o ut h ow p eople a re u sing w orms, r otten food a nd e ven e lephant p oo t o h elp t he e nvironment. J ust remember to hold your nose!Bill CondonHelen BethuneDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:I Bet You Don’t KnowThis!Author:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Fabulous! Treasure HuntingISBN: 9780602501952 32 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 978060250196932 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118Nicolas Brasch is the author of Wild Water and No Limits!- Pocket Worlds Series.Peter Rees is the author of Digging Up Dinosaurs?, The Frozen Continent and Animals on the Edge- Pocket Worlds Series.Jewellery c an m ake y ou l ook f abulous! P eople h ave b een wearing p recious g ems f or t housands o f y ears. W here d o the g ems c ome f rom a nd w ho m akes t hem i nto f antastic things to wear?Treasure c an b e h idden i n a l ost c ity, t rapped i n a s unken ship o r b uried u nderground. T here's p lenty o f i t o ut t here waiting t o b e d iscovered a nd y ou c ould b e t he o ne w ho finds it.Nicolas BraschPeter ReesDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)The Frozen Continent Animals on the EdgeISBN: 9780602501983 32 ppAge Range: 10-11 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602502171 32 ppAge Range: 10-11 Format: 165X118Peter Peter Rees is the author of Treasure Hunting, The Frozen Continent and Animals on the Edge - Pocket Worlds Series.Peter Rees is the author of Treasure Hunting, The Frozen Continent and Digging Up Dinosaurs - Pocket Worlds Series.What i s t he c oldest, w indiest a nd d riest p lace o n E arth? It's t he m ost s outhern c ontinent o n E arth -t he A ntartic! Check o ut t his f rozen l and a nd fi nd o ut w ho g oes t here…and why!The p anda, t he t iger a nd t he g orilla a re s ome o f E arth's animals t hat a re i n d anger. W ill t hey b ecome e xtinct l ike the dodo and the dinosaur, or can we save them?Peter ReesPeter ReesDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Rights Sold: Chinese Simplified (Bilingual Edition)Age R a n g e Age R a n g e A ge R a n g e A ge R a n g eAge R a n g e6 - 77 - 88 - 99 - 1010 - 11P o c k e t W o r l d s S e r i e sPenguin Parade Mighty MummiesISBN: 9780602241964 24 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242572 24 ppAge Range: 6 - 7 Format: 165X118Emma Lynch is the author of Super Sharks and Monster Mysteries - Pocket Facts Series.British author Haydn Middleton has employed his knowledge of his country's history. sports, and mythology to write nonfiction books for children and fantasy novels for older readers.Would you be able to go without food for nine whole weeks? The stars of this book can!Got 70 years to spare? Why not learn how to make a mummy in four, very easy stages!Emma LynchHaydn MiddletonDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Super Sharks Body BugsISBN: 9780602241971 24 ppAge Range: 7 -8 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242725 24 ppAge Range: 7 -8 Format: 165X118Emma Lynch is the author of Penguin Parade and Monster Mysteries - Pocket Facts Series.Haydn Middleton is the author of Mighty Mummies and Nature's Nightmares - Pocket Facts series.What i s a s l arge a s t hree-storey b uilding, h as u p t o 3000 teeth a nd l ives u nder w ater? I t's t he s tar o f a v ery s cary film…Mites that eat your skin, fleas and lice that suck your blood, and gnats that gnaw on you - are you ready for the attack?Emma LynchHaydn MiddletonDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:Fabulous F lying M achines Mythic HeroesISBN: 9780602242022 32 ppAge Range: 8-9 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242862 32 ppAge Range: 8-9 Format: 165X118R o b Rob Alcraft is a published author and an editor of children's books and young adult books.Angela R oyston h as b een w riting c hildren’s i nformation books – for school libraries and for trade – for many years. Before that she was an in-house editor.Flap, j ump a nd g lide y our w ay t hrough h istory a nd m eet some o f t he fi rst fl yers i n t he w orld! W ere t hey i ncredibly brave or just 'plane' crazy?Check o ut s ome h eroes o f o ld! B eowulf f ought a m onster, Odysseus b linded a C yclops, a nd H ercules k illed a l ion with his bare hands!Rob AlcraftAngela RoystonDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:ChinaRights SoldMonster MysteriesISBN: 9780602243029 32 ppAge Range: 9 - 10Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602242039 32 ppAge Range: 9 - 10 Format: 165X118Nature’s Nightmares Haydn Middleton is the author of Mighty Mummies and Body Bugs - Pocket Facts series.Emma L ynch i s t he a uthor o f S uper S harks a nd P enguin Parade - Pocket Facts Series.For c enturies t hey've s pread d eath a nd d estruction a cross the face of the earth. What are they? Mother Nature's killer winds, horrific hailstorms and much more!Is the Loch Ness Monster really an otter and is Bigfoot really a m an w earing a f urry s uit? M ake u p y our o wn m ind about the monster mysteries.Haydn MiddletonEmma LynchDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:ChinaRights SoldExtreme Space RaceISBN: 9780602242077 32 ppAge Range: 10-11 Format: 165X118 ISBN: 9780602243166 48 ppAge Range: 10-11 Format: 165X118R o b Rob Alcraft is the author of Fabulous Flying Machines- Pocket Facts Series.David Glover is the author of Internet Invention - Pocket Facts Series.Feel the adrenalin rush as you find out about extreme sports. But remember…you'll need no fear!On your marks, get set, GO! T he space race is on! Dogs have j etted i nto s pace a nd m an h as w alked o n t he m oon! But there's still a long way to go..Rob AlcraftDavid GloverDescriptionDescriptionAuthor:Author:ChinaRights SoldChinaRights SoldP o c k e t F a c t s S e r i e sA ge R a n g e Age R a n g eAge R a n g e A ge R a n g e Age R a n g e6 - 77 - 88 - 99 - 1010 - 11To find out more about licensing opportunities or for more information, please contact ElisabettaAudisio–******************************Global Rights Licensing - BBC Active80 StrandLondon WC2R 0RLUnited Kingdom\rights。

辽宁省大连市2024届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题

辽宁省大连市2024届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £ 9.15.C. £ 9.18.答案是B.1. When will the man hand in the report?A. On Monday.B. On Tuesday.C. On Friday.2. Why is the man against buying the house?A. It has no garden.B. It’s far from his office.C. It has a broken roof.3. How much do the tickets cost?A. £ 9.B. £ 10.C. £ 11.4. What’s the man asked to do?A. Drink in a bar.B. Take a bottle in.C. Open his bag.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A program.B. A desert.C. A photograph.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How will the woman get to the party?A. By taking a bus.B. By driving her car.C. By getting a ride.7. What will the man do at noon?A. Meet the woman.B. Have this car repaired.C. Talk with Ms. Wilson.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

Pocket PC 基础知识

Pocket PC 基础知识Pocket PC及PDA近年来在世界各地都风行了起来，但想选购一台合适的机种之前，大概会被市面上乱七八糟的名词弄得晕头转向，因此就先做好功课，充实充实自己的知识吧。

什么是PDAPDA是Personal Digital Assistant的缩写，照中文翻译称为"个人数位助理"，它只是个概念，大体上就是一个能更有效率帮忙完成日常杂事的电子设备，主要就是绕着个人资讯管理(PIM)这个议题在打转，广义的来说任何能达到PIM功能的电子设备都能称为PDA，实际上多专门指能方便携带的手持产品。

什么是PIMPIM就是Personal Inforation Manage的缩写，照中文翻译称"个人资讯管理"，大体上对商务人士而言包含行程管理、工作管理、名片管理及邮件管理这四个议题(当然还能再延伸)，主要就是提供一个介面及资料库来让使用者方便的纪录分析生活周遭中的资讯。

什么是Windows CEWindows CE是微软开发的一套嵌入式作业系统，主要运用在携带型装置及一些自动控制装置的解决方案，它最大的特徵是发展自桌上型的Windows系统，有档案相容性高、功能多样化的特点。

Windows CE能使用Windows 98/Me的软体吗?不行，基本上这是两种硬体架构截然不同的作业系统(98使用x86相容的处理器，CE则大多都不是使用x86的处理器)，不过Windows CE保证有限度的支援桌上型PC所使用的档案及文件，且不需要转换。

Windows CE有哪些版本?Windows CE的核心至今已经有1.0、2.0、3.0叁种版本，若细分小改版则是不计其数，因为Windows CE 并非是专为单一装置设计的，所以微软为旗下采用Windows CE作业系统的产品大致分了叁条产品线，Pocket PC、Handheld PC及Auto PC。

什么是Palm size-PC及Pocket PCPocket PC依照翻译称为"口袋型电脑"，大多具有直式(2：3)的触控显示幕并采用笔来输入，使用Windows CE 2.x版以前的称为Palm size-PC，最新采用Windows CE 3.x版的则称为Pocket PC。

TOGAF9中文口袋书

表1—1：TOGAF文档的结构1.3.什么是TOGAF上下文中的架构ISO/IEC 42010:20072把“架构（Architecture）”定义为：“一个系统基本的组织，体现在它的各个构件、构件间的相互关系、构件与环境间的关系，以及治理其设计和演进的原则上。

”T O G A F接受并扩展了这个定义。

在T O G A F中，“架构（Architecture）”根据上下文有两种含义：2 ISO/IEC 42010:2007，系统和软件工程-软件密集系统的架构描述的推荐做法，第一版（技术上等同于ANSI/IEEE Std 1471-2000）。

TOGAF TM Version 9-A Pocket Guide表1—2：TOGAF支持的各类架构1.5.TOGAF包括哪些内容TOGAF描述了企业内一套架构能力的结构和内容，如图1—1所示。

3 数据架构在某些组织被叫做信息架构。

TOGAF TM Version 9-A Pocket Guide图1—1：TOGAF内容概览TOGAF的核心是架构开发方法（ADM）（TOGAF 9第二部分介绍）。

架构能力（TOGAF 9第七部分）按照该方法操作。

ADM方法由多种指导策略和技术（TOGAF 9第三部分介绍）支持。

ADM方法产生的内容被存放到存储库中（TOGAF 9第四部分介绍），这些内容根据企业连续系列进行分类（TOGAF 9第五部分介绍）。

存储库最初填充的内容由TOGAF参考模型（TOGAF 9第六部分介绍）组成。

1.5.1 架构开发方法（ADM）ADM描述了如何得到一个特定组织的企业架构，以用来应对业务需求。

ADM是TOGAF的重要组成部分，它在以下各个层面上为架构师提供了指导：TOGAF TM Version 9-A Pocket Guide图2-1：架构开发方法（ADM）周期法在整个架构开发的过程中、过程的某些阶段之间，以及在某些阶段的内部以迭代的方式被应用。

斑马技术公司DS8108数字扫描仪产品参考指南说明书

Chapter 1: Getting Started Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1-1 Interfaces ....................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Unpacking ...................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Setting Up the Digital Scanner ....................................................................................................... 1-3 Installing the Interface Cable .................................................................................................... 1-3 Removing the Interface Cable .................................................................................................. 1-4 Connecting Power (if required) ................................................................................................ 1-4 Configuring the Digital Scanner ............................................................................................... 1-4

Native Instruments MASCHINE MIKRO MK3用户手册说明书

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Native Instruments GmbH. The software described by this docu-ment is subject to a License Agreement and may not be copied to other media. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced or otherwise transmitted or recorded, for any purpose, without prior written permission by Native Instruments GmbH, hereinafter referred to as Native Instruments.“Native Instruments”, “NI” and associated logos are (registered) trademarks of Native Instru-ments GmbH.ASIO, VST, HALion and Cubase are registered trademarks of Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH.All other product and company names are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their re-spective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.Document authored by: David Gover and Nico Sidi.Software version: 2.8 (02/2019)Hardware version: MASCHINE MIKRO MK3Special thanks to the Beta Test Team, who were invaluable not just in tracking down bugs, but in making this a better product.NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH Schlesische Str. 29-30D-10997 Berlin Germanywww.native-instruments.de NATIVE INSTRUMENTS North America, Inc. 6725 Sunset Boulevard5th FloorLos Angeles, CA 90028USANATIVE INSTRUMENTS K.K.YO Building 3FJingumae 6-7-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0001Japanwww.native-instruments.co.jp NATIVE INSTRUMENTS UK Limited 18 Phipp StreetLondon EC2A 4NUUKNATIVE INSTRUMENTS FRANCE SARL 113 Rue Saint-Maur75011 ParisFrance SHENZHEN NATIVE INSTRUMENTS COMPANY Limited 5F, Shenzhen Zimao Center111 Taizi Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, GuangdongChina© NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH, 2019. All rights reserved.Table of Contents1Welcome to MASCHINE (23)1.1MASCHINE Documentation (24)1.2Document Conventions (25)1.3New Features in MASCHINE 2.8 (26)1.4New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.10 (28)1.5New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.8 (29)1.6New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.7 (29)1.7New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.4 (31)1.8New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.3 (33)2Quick Reference (35)2.1MASCHINE Project Overview (35)2.1.1Sound Content (35)2.1.2Arrangement (37)2.2MASCHINE Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1MASCHINE MIKRO Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1.1Browser Section (41)2.2.1.2Edit Section (42)2.2.1.3Performance Section (43)2.2.1.4Transport Section (45)2.2.1.5Pad Section (46)2.2.1.6Rear Panel (50)2.3MASCHINE Software Overview (51)2.3.1Header (52)2.3.2Browser (54)2.3.3Arranger (56)2.3.4Control Area (59)2.3.5Pattern Editor (60)3Basic Concepts (62)3.1Important Names and Concepts (62)3.2Adjusting the MASCHINE User Interface (65)3.2.1Adjusting the Size of the Interface (65)3.2.2Switching between Ideas View and Song View (66)3.2.3Showing/Hiding the Browser (67)3.2.4Showing/Hiding the Control Lane (67)3.3Common Operations (68)3.3.1Adjusting Volume, Swing, and Tempo (68)3.3.2Undo/Redo (71)3.3.3Focusing on a Group or a Sound (73)3.3.4Switching Between the Master, Group, and Sound Level (77)3.3.5Navigating Channel Properties, Plug-ins, and Parameter Pages in the Control Area.773.3.6Navigating the Software Using the Controller (82)3.3.7Using Two or More Hardware Controllers (82)3.3.8Loading a Recent Project from the Controller (84)3.4Native Kontrol Standard (85)3.5Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.1Differences between Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.2Switching Instances (88)3.6Preferences (88)3.6.1Preferences – General Page (89)3.6.2Preferences – Audio Page (93)3.6.3Preferences – MIDI Page (95)3.6.4Preferences – Default Page (97)3.6.5Preferences – Library Page (101)3.6.6Preferences – Plug-ins Page (109)3.6.7Preferences – Hardware Page (114)3.6.8Preferences – Colors Page (114)3.7Integrating MASCHINE into a MIDI Setup (117)3.7.1Connecting External MIDI Equipment (117)3.7.2Sync to External MIDI Clock (117)3.7.3Send MIDI Clock (118)3.7.4Using MIDI Mode (119)3.8Syncing MASCHINE using Ableton Link (120)3.8.1Connecting to a Network (121)3.8.2Joining and Leaving a Link Session (121)4Browser (123)4.1Browser Basics (123)4.1.1The MASCHINE Library (123)4.1.2Browsing the Library vs. Browsing Your Hard Disks (124)4.2Searching and Loading Files from the Library (125)4.2.1Overview of the Library Pane (125)4.2.2Selecting or Loading a Product and Selecting a Bank from the Browser (128)4.2.3Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank (133)4.2.3.1Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank on theController (137)4.2.4Selecting a File Type (137)4.2.5Choosing Between Factory and User Content (138)4.2.6Selecting Type and Character Tags (138)4.2.7Performing a Text Search (142)4.2.8Loading a File from the Result List (143)4.3Additional Browsing Tools (148)4.3.1Loading the Selected Files Automatically (148)4.3.2Auditioning Instrument Presets (149)4.3.3Auditioning Samples (150)4.3.4Loading Groups with Patterns (150)4.3.5Loading Groups with Routing (151)4.3.6Displaying File Information (151)4.4Using Favorites in the Browser (152)4.5Editing the Files’ Tags and Properties (155)4.5.1Attribute Editor Basics (155)4.5.2The Bank Page (157)4.5.3The Types and Characters Pages (157)4.5.4The Properties Page (160)4.6Loading and Importing Files from Your File System (161)4.6.1Overview of the FILES Pane (161)4.6.2Using Favorites (163)4.6.3Using the Location Bar (164)4.6.4Navigating to Recent Locations (165)4.6.5Using the Result List (166)4.6.6Importing Files to the MASCHINE Library (169)4.7Locating Missing Samples (171)4.8Using Quick Browse (173)5Managing Sounds, Groups, and Your Project (175)5.1Overview of the Sounds, Groups, and Master (175)5.1.1The Sound, Group, and Master Channels (176)5.1.2Similarities and Differences in Handling Sounds and Groups (177)5.1.3Selecting Multiple Sounds or Groups (178)5.2Managing Sounds (181)5.2.1Loading Sounds (183)5.2.2Pre-listening to Sounds (184)5.2.3Renaming Sound Slots (185)5.2.4Changing the Sound’s Color (186)5.2.5Saving Sounds (187)5.2.6Copying and Pasting Sounds (189)5.2.7Moving Sounds (192)5.2.8Resetting Sound Slots (193)5.3Managing Groups (194)5.3.1Creating Groups (196)5.3.2Loading Groups (197)5.3.3Renaming Groups (198)5.3.4Changing the Group’s Color (199)5.3.5Saving Groups (200)5.3.6Copying and Pasting Groups (202)5.3.7Reordering Groups (206)5.3.8Deleting Groups (207)5.4Exporting MASCHINE Objects and Audio (208)5.4.1Saving a Group with its Samples (208)5.4.2Saving a Project with its Samples (210)5.4.3Exporting Audio (212)5.5Importing Third-Party File Formats (218)5.5.1Loading REX Files into Sound Slots (218)5.5.2Importing MPC Programs to Groups (219)6Playing on the Controller (223)6.1Adjusting the Pads (223)6.1.1The Pad View in the Software (223)6.1.2Choosing a Pad Input Mode (225)6.1.3Adjusting the Base Key (226)6.2Adjusting the Key, Choke, and Link Parameters for Multiple Sounds (227)6.3Playing Tools (229)6.3.1Mute and Solo (229)6.3.2Choke All Notes (233)6.3.3Groove (233)6.3.4Level, Tempo, Tune, and Groove Shortcuts on Your Controller (235)6.3.5Tap Tempo (235)6.4Performance Features (236)6.4.1Overview of the Perform Features (236)6.4.2Selecting a Scale and Creating Chords (239)6.4.3Scale and Chord Parameters (240)6.4.4Creating Arpeggios and Repeated Notes (253)6.4.5Swing on Note Repeat / Arp Output (257)6.5Using Lock Snapshots (257)6.5.1Creating a Lock Snapshot (257)7Working with Plug-ins (259)7.1Plug-in Overview (259)7.1.1Plug-in Basics (259)7.1.2First Plug-in Slot of Sounds: Choosing the Sound’s Role (263)7.1.3Loading, Removing, and Replacing a Plug-in (264)7.1.4Adjusting the Plug-in Parameters (270)7.1.5Bypassing Plug-in Slots (270)7.1.6Using Side-Chain (272)7.1.7Moving Plug-ins (272)7.1.8Alternative: the Plug-in Strip (273)7.1.9Saving and Recalling Plug-in Presets (273)7.1.9.1Saving Plug-in Presets (274)7.1.9.2Recalling Plug-in Presets (275)7.1.9.3Removing a Default Plug-in Preset (276)7.2The Sampler Plug-in (277)7.2.1Page 1: Voice Settings / Engine (279)7.2.2Page 2: Pitch / Envelope (281)7.2.3Page 3: FX / Filter (283)7.2.4Page 4: Modulation (285)7.2.5Page 5: LFO (286)7.2.6Page 6: Velocity / Modwheel (288)7.3Using Native Instruments and External Plug-ins (289)7.3.1Opening/Closing Plug-in Windows (289)7.3.2Using the VST/AU Plug-in Parameters (292)7.3.3Setting Up Your Own Parameter Pages (293)7.3.4Using VST/AU Plug-in Presets (298)7.3.5Multiple-Output Plug-ins and Multitimbral Plug-ins (300)8Using the Audio Plug-in (302)8.1Loading a Loop into the Audio Plug-in (306)8.2Editing Audio in the Audio Plug-in (307)8.3Using Loop Mode (308)8.4Using Gate Mode (310)9Using the Drumsynths (312)9.1Drumsynths – General Handling (313)9.1.1Engines: Many Different Drums per Drumsynth (313)9.1.2Common Parameter Organization (313)9.1.3Shared Parameters (316)9.1.4Various Velocity Responses (316)9.1.5Pitch Range, Tuning, and MIDI Notes (316)9.2The Kicks (317)9.2.1Kick – Sub (319)9.2.2Kick – Tronic (321)9.2.3Kick – Dusty (324)9.2.4Kick – Grit (325)9.2.5Kick – Rasper (328)9.2.6Kick – Snappy (329)9.2.7Kick – Bold (331)9.2.8Kick – Maple (333)9.2.9Kick – Push (334)9.3The Snares (336)9.3.1Snare – Volt (338)9.3.2Snare – Bit (340)9.3.3Snare – Pow (342)9.3.4Snare – Sharp (343)9.3.5Snare – Airy (345)9.3.6Snare – Vintage (347)9.3.7Snare – Chrome (349)9.3.8Snare – Iron (351)9.3.9Snare – Clap (353)9.3.10Snare – Breaker (355)9.4The Hi-hats (357)9.4.1Hi-hat – Silver (358)9.4.2Hi-hat – Circuit (360)9.4.3Hi-hat – Memory (362)9.4.4Hi-hat – Hybrid (364)9.4.5Creating a Pattern with Closed and Open Hi-hats (366)9.5The Toms (367)9.5.1Tom – Tronic (369)9.5.2Tom – Fractal (371)9.5.3Tom – Floor (375)9.5.4Tom – High (377)9.6The Percussions (378)9.6.1Percussion – Fractal (380)9.6.2Percussion – Kettle (383)9.6.3Percussion – Shaker (385)9.7The Cymbals (389)9.7.1Cymbal – Crash (391)9.7.2Cymbal – Ride (393)10Using the Bass Synth (396)10.1Bass Synth – General Handling (397)10.1.1Parameter Organization (397)10.1.2Bass Synth Parameters (399)11Working with Patterns (401)11.1Pattern Basics (401)11.1.1Pattern Editor Overview (402)11.1.2Navigating the Event Area (404)11.1.3Following the Playback Position in the Pattern (406)11.1.4Jumping to Another Playback Position in the Pattern (407)11.1.5Group View and Keyboard View (408)11.1.6Adjusting the Arrange Grid and the Pattern Length (410)11.1.7Adjusting the Step Grid and the Nudge Grid (413)11.2Recording Patterns in Real Time (416)11.2.1Recording Your Patterns Live (417)11.2.2Using the Metronome (419)11.2.3Recording with Count-in (420)11.3Recording Patterns with the Step Sequencer (422)11.3.1Step Mode Basics (422)11.3.2Editing Events in Step Mode (424)11.4Editing Events (425)11.4.1Editing Events with the Mouse: an Overview (425)11.4.2Creating Events/Notes (428)11.4.3Selecting Events/Notes (429)11.4.4Editing Selected Events/Notes (431)11.4.5Deleting Events/Notes (434)11.4.6Cut, Copy, and Paste Events/Notes (436)11.4.7Quantizing Events/Notes (439)11.4.8Quantization While Playing (441)11.4.9Doubling a Pattern (442)11.4.10Adding Variation to Patterns (442)11.5Recording and Editing Modulation (443)11.5.1Which Parameters Are Modulatable? (444)11.5.2Recording Modulation (446)11.5.3Creating and Editing Modulation in the Control Lane (447)11.6Creating MIDI Tracks from Scratch in MASCHINE (452)11.7Managing Patterns (454)11.7.1The Pattern Manager and Pattern Mode (455)11.7.2Selecting Patterns and Pattern Banks (456)11.7.3Creating Patterns (459)11.7.4Deleting Patterns (460)11.7.5Creating and Deleting Pattern Banks (461)11.7.6Naming Patterns (463)11.7.7Changing the Pattern’s Color (465)11.7.8Duplicating, Copying, and Pasting Patterns (466)11.7.9Moving Patterns (469)11.8Importing/Exporting Audio and MIDI to/from Patterns (470)11.8.1Exporting Audio from Patterns (470)11.8.2Exporting MIDI from Patterns (472)11.8.3Importing MIDI to Patterns (474)12Audio Routing, Remote Control, and Macro Controls (483)12.1Audio Routing in MASCHINE (484)12.1.1Sending External Audio to Sounds (485)12.1.2Configuring the Main Output of Sounds and Groups (489)12.1.3Setting Up Auxiliary Outputs for Sounds and Groups (494)12.1.4Configuring the Master and Cue Outputs of MASCHINE (497)12.1.5Mono Audio Inputs (502)12.1.5.1Configuring External Inputs for Sounds in Mix View (503)12.2Using MIDI Control and Host Automation (506)12.2.1Triggering Sounds via MIDI Notes (507)12.2.2Triggering Scenes via MIDI (513)12.2.3Controlling Parameters via MIDI and Host Automation (514)12.2.4Selecting VST/AU Plug-in Presets via MIDI Program Change (522)12.2.5Sending MIDI from Sounds (523)12.3Creating Custom Sets of Parameters with the Macro Controls (527)12.3.1Macro Control Overview (527)12.3.2Assigning Macro Controls Using the Software (528)13Controlling Your Mix (535)13.1Mix View Basics (535)13.1.1Switching between Arrange View and Mix View (535)13.1.2Mix View Elements (536)13.2The Mixer (537)13.2.1Displaying Groups vs. Displaying Sounds (539)13.2.2Adjusting the Mixer Layout (541)13.2.3Selecting Channel Strips (542)13.2.4Managing Your Channels in the Mixer (543)13.2.5Adjusting Settings in the Channel Strips (545)13.2.6Using the Cue Bus (549)13.3The Plug-in Chain (551)13.4The Plug-in Strip (552)13.4.1The Plug-in Header (554)13.4.2Panels for Drumsynths and Internal Effects (556)13.4.3Panel for the Sampler (557)13.4.4Custom Panels for Native Instruments Plug-ins (560)13.4.5Undocking a Plug-in Panel (Native Instruments and External Plug-ins Only) (564)14Using Effects (567)14.1Applying Effects to a Sound, a Group or the Master (567)14.1.1Adding an Effect (567)14.1.2Other Operations on Effects (574)14.1.3Using the Side-Chain Input (575)14.2Applying Effects to External Audio (578)14.2.1Step 1: Configure MASCHINE Audio Inputs (578)14.2.2Step 2: Set up a Sound to Receive the External Input (579)14.2.3Step 3: Load an Effect to Process an Input (579)14.3Creating a Send Effect (580)14.3.1Step 1: Set Up a Sound or Group as Send Effect (581)14.3.2Step 2: Route Audio to the Send Effect (583)14.3.3 A Few Notes on Send Effects (583)14.4Creating Multi-Effects (584)15Effect Reference (587)15.1Dynamics (588)15.1.1Compressor (588)15.1.2Gate (591)15.1.3Transient Master (594)15.1.4Limiter (596)15.1.5Maximizer (600)15.2Filtering Effects (603)15.2.1EQ (603)15.2.2Filter (605)15.2.3Cabinet (609)15.3Modulation Effects (611)15.3.1Chorus (611)15.3.2Flanger (612)15.3.3FM (613)15.3.4Freq Shifter (615)15.3.5Phaser (616)15.4Spatial and Reverb Effects (617)15.4.1Ice (617)15.4.2Metaverb (619)15.4.3Reflex (620)15.4.4Reverb (Legacy) (621)15.4.5Reverb (623)15.4.5.1Reverb Room (623)15.4.5.2Reverb Hall (626)15.4.5.3Plate Reverb (629)15.5Delays (630)15.5.1Beat Delay (630)15.5.2Grain Delay (632)15.5.3Grain Stretch (634)15.5.4Resochord (636)15.6Distortion Effects (638)15.6.1Distortion (638)15.6.2Lofi (640)15.6.3Saturator (641)15.7Perform FX (645)15.7.1Filter (646)15.7.2Flanger (648)15.7.3Burst Echo (650)15.7.4Reso Echo (653)15.7.5Ring (656)15.7.6Stutter (658)15.7.7Tremolo (661)15.7.8Scratcher (664)16Working with the Arranger (667)16.1Arranger Basics (667)16.1.1Navigating Song View (670)16.1.2Following the Playback Position in Your Project (672)16.1.3Performing with Scenes and Sections using the Pads (673)16.2Using Ideas View (677)16.2.1Scene Overview (677)16.2.2Creating Scenes (679)16.2.3Assigning and Removing Patterns (679)16.2.4Selecting Scenes (682)16.2.5Deleting Scenes (684)16.2.6Creating and Deleting Scene Banks (685)16.2.7Clearing Scenes (685)16.2.8Duplicating Scenes (685)16.2.9Reordering Scenes (687)16.2.10Making Scenes Unique (688)16.2.11Appending Scenes to Arrangement (689)16.2.12Naming Scenes (689)16.2.13Changing the Color of a Scene (690)16.3Using Song View (692)16.3.1Section Management Overview (692)16.3.2Creating Sections (694)16.3.3Assigning a Scene to a Section (695)16.3.4Selecting Sections and Section Banks (696)16.3.5Reorganizing Sections (700)16.3.6Adjusting the Length of a Section (702)16.3.6.1Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Software (703)16.3.6.2Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Controller (705)16.3.7Clearing a Pattern in Song View (705)16.3.8Duplicating Sections (705)16.3.8.1Making Sections Unique (707)16.3.9Removing Sections (707)16.3.10Renaming Scenes (708)16.3.11Clearing Sections (710)16.3.12Creating and Deleting Section Banks (710)16.3.13Working with Patterns in Song view (710)16.3.13.1Creating a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.2Selecting a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.3Clearing a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.4Renaming a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.5Coloring a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.6Removing a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.7Duplicating a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.14Enabling Auto Length (713)16.3.15Looping (714)16.3.15.1Setting the Loop Range in the Software (714)16.3.15.2Activating or Deactivating a Loop Using the Controller (715)16.4Playing with Sections (715)16.4.1Jumping to another Playback Position in Your Project (716)16.5Triggering Sections or Scenes via MIDI (717)16.6The Arrange Grid (719)16.7Quick Grid (720)17Sampling and Sample Mapping (722)17.1Opening the Sample Editor (722)17.2Recording Audio (724)17.2.1Opening the Record Page (724)17.2.2Selecting the Source and the Recording Mode (725)17.2.3Arming, Starting, and Stopping the Recording (729)17.2.5Checking Your Recordings (731)17.2.6Location and Name of Your Recorded Samples (734)17.3Editing a Sample (735)17.3.1Using the Edit Page (735)17.3.2Audio Editing Functions (739)17.4Slicing a Sample (743)17.4.1Opening the Slice Page (743)17.4.2Adjusting the Slicing Settings (744)17.4.3Manually Adjusting Your Slices (746)17.4.4Applying the Slicing (750)17.5Mapping Samples to Zones (754)17.5.1Opening the Zone Page (754)17.5.2Zone Page Overview (755)17.5.3Selecting and Managing Zones in the Zone List (756)17.5.4Selecting and Editing Zones in the Map View (761)17.5.5Editing Zones in the Sample View (765)17.5.6Adjusting the Zone Settings (767)17.5.7Adding Samples to the Sample Map (770)18Appendix: Tips for Playing Live (772)18.1Preparations (772)18.1.1Focus on the Hardware (772)18.1.2Customize the Pads of the Hardware (772)18.1.3Check Your CPU Power Before Playing (772)18.1.4Name and Color Your Groups, Patterns, Sounds and Scenes (773)18.1.5Consider Using a Limiter on Your Master (773)18.1.6Hook Up Your Other Gear and Sync It with MIDI Clock (773)18.1.7Improvise (773)18.2Basic Techniques (773)18.2.1Use Mute and Solo (773)18.2.2Create Variations of Your Drum Patterns in the Step Sequencer (774)18.2.3Use Note Repeat (774)18.2.4Set Up Your Own Multi-effect Groups and Automate Them (774)18.3Special Tricks (774)18.3.1Changing Pattern Length for Variation (774)18.3.2Using Loops to Cycle Through Samples (775)18.3.3Load Long Audio Files and Play with the Start Point (775)19Troubleshooting (776)19.1Knowledge Base (776)19.2Technical Support (776)19.3Registration Support (777)19.4User Forum (777)20Glossary (778)Index (786)1Welcome to MASCHINEThank you for buying MASCHINE!MASCHINE is a groove production studio that implements the familiar working style of classi-cal groove boxes along with the advantages of a computer based system. MASCHINE is ideal for making music live, as well as in the studio. It’s the hands-on aspect of a dedicated instru-ment, the MASCHINE hardware controller, united with the advanced editing features of the MASCHINE software.Creating beats is often not very intuitive with a computer, but using the MASCHINE hardware controller to do it makes it easy and fun. You can tap in freely with the pads or use Note Re-peat to jam along. Alternatively, build your beats using the step sequencer just as in classic drum machines.Patterns can be intuitively combined and rearranged on the fly to form larger ideas. You can try out several different versions of a song without ever having to stop the music.Since you can integrate it into any sequencer that supports VST, AU, or AAX plug-ins, you can reap the benefits in almost any software setup, or use it as a stand-alone application. You can sample your own material, slice loops and rearrange them easily.However, MASCHINE is a lot more than an ordinary groovebox or sampler: it comes with an inspiring 7-gigabyte library, and a sophisticated, yet easy to use tag-based Browser to give you instant access to the sounds you are looking for.What’s more, MASCHINE provides lots of options for manipulating your sounds via internal ef-fects and other sound-shaping possibilities. You can also control external MIDI hardware and 3rd-party software with the MASCHINE hardware controller, while customizing the functions of the pads, knobs and buttons according to your needs utilizing the included Controller Editor application. We hope you enjoy this fantastic instrument as much as we do. Now let’s get go-ing!—The MASCHINE team at Native Instruments.MASCHINE Documentation1.1MASCHINE DocumentationNative Instruments provide many information sources regarding MASCHINE. The main docu-ments should be read in the following sequence:1.MASCHINE MIKRO Quick Start Guide: This animated online guide provides a practical ap-proach to help you learn the basic of MASCHINE MIKRO. The guide is available from theNative Instruments website: https:///maschine-mikro-quick-start/2.MASCHINE Manual (this document): The MASCHINE Manual provides you with a compre-hensive description of all MASCHINE software and hardware features.Additional documentation sources provide you with details on more specific topics:►Online Support Videos: You can find a number of support videos on The Official Native In-struments Support Channel under the following URL: https:///NIsupport-EN. We recommend that you follow along with these instructions while the respective ap-plication is running on your computer.Other Online Resources:If you are experiencing problems related to your Native Instruments product that the supplied documentation does not cover, there are several ways of getting help:▪Knowledge Base▪User Forum▪Technical Support▪Registration SupportYou will find more information on these subjects in the chapter Troubleshooting.Document Conventions1.2Document ConventionsThis section introduces you to the signage and text highlighting used in this manual. This man-ual uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of potential issues.The icons introducing these notes let you see what kind of information is to be expected:This document uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of poten-tial issues. The icons introducing the following notes let you see what kind of information canbe expected:Furthermore, the following formatting is used:▪Text appearing in (drop-down) menus (such as Open…, Save as… etc.) in the software andpaths to locations on your hard disk or other storage devices is printed in italics.▪Text appearing elsewhere (labels of buttons, controls, text next to checkboxes etc.) in thesoftware is printed in blue. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find thesame text appearing somewhere on the screen.▪Text appearing on the displays of the controller is printed in light grey. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on a controller display.▪Text appearing on labels of the hardware controller is printed in orange. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on the controller.▪Important names and concepts are printed in bold.▪References to keys on your computer’s keyboard you’ll find put in square brackets (e.g.,“Press [Shift] + [Enter]”).►Single instructions are introduced by this play button type arrow.→Results of actions are introduced by this smaller arrow.Naming ConventionThroughout the documentation we will refer to MASCHINE controller (or just controller) as the hardware controller and MASCHINE software as the software installed on your computer.The term “effect” will sometimes be abbreviated as “FX” when referring to elements in the MA-SCHINE software and hardware. These terms have the same meaning.Button Combinations and Shortcuts on Your ControllerMost instructions will use the “+” sign to indicate buttons (or buttons and pads) that must be pressed simultaneously, starting with the button indicated first. E.g., an instruction such as:“Press SHIFT + PLAY”means:1.Press and hold SHIFT.2.While holding SHIFT, press PLAY and release it.3.Release SHIFT.1.3New Features in MASCHINE2.8The following new features have been added to MASCHINE: Integration▪Browse on , create your own collections of loops and one-shots and send them directly to the MASCHINE browser.Improvements to the Browser▪Samples are now cataloged in separate Loops and One-shots tabs in the Browser.▪Previews of loops selected in the Browser will be played in sync with the current project.When a loop is selected with Prehear turned on, it will begin playing immediately in-sync with the project if transport is running. If a loop preview starts part-way through the loop, the loop will play once more for its full length to ensure you get to hear the entire loop once in context with your project.▪Filters and product selections will be remembered when switching between content types and Factory/User Libraries in the Browser.▪Browser content synchronization between multiple running instances. When running multi-ple instances of MASCHINE, either as Standalone and/or as a plug-in, updates to the Li-brary will be synced across the instances. For example, if you delete a sample from your User Library in one instance, the sample will no longer be present in the other instances.Similarly, if you save a preset in one instance, that preset will then be available in the oth-er instances, too.▪Edits made to samples in the Factory Libraries will be saved to the Standard User Directo-ry.For more information on these new features, refer to the following chapter ↑4, Browser. Improvements to the MASCHINE MIKRO MK3 Controller▪You can now set sample Start and End points using the controller. For more information refer to ↑17.3.1, Using the Edit Page.Improved Support for A-Series Keyboards▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can now jump quickly to the results list by holding SHIFT and pushing right on the 4D Encoder.▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can fast scroll through the Browser results list by holding SHIFT and twisting the 4D Encoder.▪Mute and Solo Sounds and Groups from A-Series keyboards. Sounds are muted in TRACK mode while Groups are muted in IDEAS.。

安徽省舒城中学2024-2025学年高一上学期入学检测英语试题

安徽省舒城中学2024-2025学年高一上学期入学检测英语试题一、阅读理解Books to take with you on vacationYou can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Traveling, just like reading, is a refreshing journey, a temporary escape from the bustling (热闹的) world. Here are some books we recommend that you take on your trip.1．The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry, 2013, by Rachel JoyceThe novel tells a story of a 60- year- old man who lives a boring and unhappy life, until one day, he received his old friend’s letter who got cancer. In deep shock and sorrow, he went out to send his reply letter. By thinking of his life, he walked past one mailbox after another, and finally walked from the Southwest end to the Northeast end of England. 627 miles in 87 days, he walks depending on one belief that “his friend can survive as long as he walks”.2．On the Road,1957, by Jack KerouacThe book is a globally popular spiritual guide book about youth. The hero drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book start to believe in Oriental (东方的) Zen Buddhism.3．The Stories of the Sahara,1976, by SanmaoThe book describes the author’s simple but adventurous life in the Sahara Desert. The exotic natural scenery and life there, along with the author’s love story with her beloved husband will inspire you to explore the mysterious land and think about your own life. Reading the book is like engaging in a dialogue with the author, who is frank, sincere and humorous.4．Lotus, 2006, by AnnbabyThis novel set in Tibet, tells three people’s stories, each with their unique characteristics and carrying the hidden burden of hardship. It touches modern people’s emotions and inner life, their confusion about love, and exploration of belief and the life essence (真谛).1．Which word can best describe the personality of the hero in Rachel Joyce’s book?A．Trust- worthy.B．Sincere.C．Determined.D．Patient.2．Who describes romantic love relations in the book?A．Rachel Joyce.B．Sanmao.C．Annbaby.D．Jack Kerouac. 3．What is the common feature of the four books listed?A．Natural scenery is focused.B．Romantic love story is mentioned.C．The importance of friendship is stressed.D．Spiritual influence is highlighted (强调的). 4．What is the purpose of the passage?A．To persuade you to take a trip.B．To describe the advantages of reading books.C．To suggest some books for you to read on your trip.D．To explain how to go sightseeing.At just seven years old, Angelina Tsuboi discovered her passion for innovation. It all began with a simple game she programmed in her Los Angeles public school’s Grade 2class. Today , at18, the Grade 12 student’s initial curiosity has evolved into a deep-seated desire to use technology to decode (解码) real-world problems.In 2021, she co-developed Megaphone, one of her first apps, to tackle unanswered post-class questions and poor communication about events and announcements. Her problem-solving ability kept building from there.When she took online CPR classes at the start of the pandemic, she figured it couldn’t be just her who was struggling with the steps. So she created an app called CPR Buddy ― a winner in the 2022 Apple Swift Challenge ― which guides users through CPR using vibrations (震动) to regulate breath. After winning the award, Angelina presented her work to Apple CEO Tim Cook, a highlight in her young career, but one she didn’t lose her cool over. “There’s no point putting people on a pedestal (神坛),” she says.The next year, Angelina built an app called Lilac, designed to assist nonEnglish-speaking single parents with resources for housing, job opportunities and translation support. She was inspired by her own experiences as a child of a single mother who immigrated to the US.When Angelina decided to pursue pilot training at the age of 16, she was struck by how difficult it was to find financial support, which encouraged her to create yet another app, Pilot Fast Track, which helps those longing to be pilots find scholarships for flight training.Looking to the future, besides applying to colleges with great labs, Angelina is exploring the field of aerospace cybersecurity and mechatronics ― combining computer science, electricalengineering and mechanical engineering.“There’s not enough optimism in the world,“ she says. “I have also been in situations in my life where I’ve lost a lot of hope. But in the end, it is a mindset, and there are ways in any situation you’re in to make it somewhat better.”5．What is Angelina’s pursuit?A．To design games for kids.B．To stimulate teen’s curiosity.C．To address problems through technology.D．To find innovative approaches to digital challenges.6．What can we learn about Angelina from Paragraph 3?A．She couldn’t breathe regularly.B．She was inspired by celebrities.C．She replaced CPR with an app.D．She was humble about her success. 7．What was the primary goal of developing Pilot Fast Track?A．To direct pilots’ career paths.B．To help to-be pilots find funds.C．To pair future pilots with airlines.D．To evaluate pilot training schools.8．What might be the best title?A．Breaking the code B．Bearing growing painsC．Facing life as it is D．Following role modelsNowadays most kids live on their digital devices. Some data show that the social media could play a role in their mental health — something that has been on the decrease among teens and tweens. But how big a role it plays also appears to depend on how kids choose to use it.In recent years, the internet has done some great things. It’s brought people closer together. It’s helped people form big communities in the world. And it can be an important place for people to find support and connection.But some adolescents (青少年) can be exposed to something harmful. For example, one 2022 survey found that nearly half of all teens have been cyberbullied (网络欺凌) online. The same survey found that nearly two in every three adolescents experienced hate-based content onsocial media.Social media is also a space where people are repeatedly comparing themselves to others. Am I pretty enough? Strong enough? One study of kids 13 to 17 years old found that almost half reported that time spent on social media made them feel worse about their bodies. Only about one in every seven said viewing social media made them feel better.“It’s hard to study the influence of social media on mental health,” Whitlock, a research psychologist studying internet use by adolescents, explains, “because everyone uses it.” There’s no large group of others to which researchers can compare them. Still, one study of nearly 6,600 U.S. teens linked use of social media to depression, anxiety and a poor body image.There’s still not enough evidence to say social media is safe for kids, but there was plenty of evidence to warn kids that they should take care when using it. The takeaway, Whitlock says, is that social media use needs to be intentional (有意的). By that, she means “used for some purposeful goal”, not just to pass the time.9．What use of the internet does paragraph 2 mainly focus on?A．Job hunting.B．Online shopping.C．Home schooling.D．Social networking.10．Why can teens be negatively affected in their mental health by using social media?A．They are so busy with online surveys as not to get relaxed.B．They are very likely to suffer from cyberbullying online.C．They are always compared in looks and strength.D．They are too young to deal with stress properly.11．According to Whitlock, what is the challenge for researchers?A．Not enough comparisons.B．Improper research designs.C．Too many internet users.D．Limited study periods.12．What advice is given to kids on the use of social media?A．Use it carefully, since it is linked to both good and harm.B．Try not to use it, considering the risk it may cause.C．Use it however you want, as long as there is a purpose.D．Don’t use it to kill time but for some real purpose.Bing, also known as a Chinese pancake, is a traditional Chinese recipe, similar to pancakes. It is commonly made of dough (面团). 13 , be prepared to learn how to make these yummy recipes!Step 1: Combine the ingredientsCombine the ingredients for the dough (flour, salt, and cooking oil). Knead (揉) the dough until it has a soft consistency that isn’t too wet. During this time, you can adjust the consistency, for example, by adding more oil or flour. 14 .Step 2: Separate the doughSeparate the dough into different pieces, the size that you want. 15 , don’t separate it too much, and vice versa. You can use a rolling pin to help with making a circle. Chinese Pancake is commonly made in a circle shape, but can be any shape you want!Step 3: Add spring onionsAdd spring onions to the dough. 16 and sprinkle them on the bing. This gives the flavor for the cong you bing. The name “cong” in cong you bing actually refers to the spring onions. These can also be called scallions, green onions, and onions. You can also knead the dough again to mix the onion in.Step 4: Fry both sidesFry both sides of the pancake on low-medium heat until the sides are golden brown. It takes 3-5 minutes per side. Remember to take it out before the sides get dark brown. Fry for a short time if you want a soft pancake, and fry it for a longer time to make it crispier.Step 5: Serve and enjoy!17 , but can be served in formal meals as well.A．Divide it into ten equal piecesB．Cut the onions into tiny piecesC．It can be eaten as a casual foodD．Make sure you have enough doughE．If this is already mouthwatering to youF．If you want to make the pancake biggerG．Heat up the pan while still working on the dough二、完形填空During a trip to San Diego, my husband Dan and I came across two stars, Gracie and Billy, at the Bahia Resort Hotel. Gracie and Billy were actually two harbor 18 . I later learned Gracie had a severe visual disability and Billy was 19 . Despite their limitations, they lived joyfully, playing and moving gracefully in their pool. I 20 them daily, fascinated by their enthusiasm and joy.“Come on, Gracie,” her attendant called one day during feeding time. Gracie, 21 the attendant’s presence, swam towards him, only to 22 under and swim away at the last second. Billy joined in the 23 , creating a delightful scene of water joy.As I spent hours 24 Gracle and Billy, I couldn’t help but feel a deep 25 with them. Dan noticed my 26 and said, “You’ re falling in love with them, aren’t you? ” Indeed, I was. Their ability to 27 and find joy in their circumstances left a permanent impression on me.Two years later, I faced my own battle with my 28 . Terrified of losing my vision, I recalled the seals’ ability to thrive despite their blindness. “ 29 what you can do,” I reminded myself, inspired by Gracie and Billy’s 30 for life.I 31 simple pleasures like preparing and enjoying meals and rediscovered my love for exercise. As my body 32 , I realized that Gracie and Billy’s lives became a guiding light during my darkest moments, teaching me to find joy in the present.18．A．attendants B．seals C．safeguards D．actresses 19．A．lame B．shy C．slim D．blind 20．A．visited B．fed C．comforted D．guided 21．A．remembering B．expecting C．appreciating D．sensing 22．A．float B．dive C．hide D．sink 23．A．celebration B．conversation C．fun D．contest 24．A．training B．observing C．examining D．caring 25．A．connection B．agreement C．conflict D．challenge26．A．embarrassment B．fascination C．devotion D．confusion 27．A．adapt B．perform C．communicate D．respond 28．A．eyesight B．confidence C．belief D．depression 29．A．Leave behind B．Focus on C．Account for D．Put off 30．A．responsibility B．requirement C．enthusiasm D．preparation 31．A．needed B．missed C．ignored D．embraced 32．A．weighed B．improved C．balanced D．relaxed三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

书籍分享ppt课件英语版

Research Process
Discuss the research conducted by the author to write the book, including any primary or secondary sources they consulted
Book Overview
Character Shaping
Evaluate the way characters are shaped in the PPT, including descriptions and depictions of their appearance, personality, behavior, and other aspects.
The learning of PPT courses requires learners to have a certain level of self-learning ability, which helps to cultivate their awareness of self-directed learning.
Analyze whether the language in the PPT meets the needs of the theme, whether it can effectively convey information, and whether it can arouse the interest and resonance of the audience.
involve personal values, life goals, self-awareness, and other aspects, allowing readers to have a deeper understanding of themselves and the world.

PocketAPI R包说明书

Package‘pocketapi’October14,2022Title Wrapper Around the'Pocket'APIVersion0.1Description Functions that interface with the'Pocket'API(<https:/// developer/>).Allows the user to get,add,and modify items in their own'Pocket'account. Depends R(>=3.5.0)Imports httr,purrr,tibble,dplyr,glue,jsonlite,magrittr,usethisLicense MIT+ﬁle LICENSEEncoding UTF-8LazyData trueBugReports https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi//issuesURL https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/RoxygenNote7.1.1Suggests testthat,mockery,covr,httptest,knitr,rmarkdown,ggplot2VignetteBuilder knitrNeedsCompilation noAuthor Frie Preu[aut,cre],Yannik Buhl[aut],Max Alletsee[aut],Dorian Le Jeune[ctb],Christoph Dworschak[ctb],Sarah Jukna[ctb],CorrelAid e.V.[cph]Maintainer Frie Preu<**********>Repository CRANDate/Publication2020-11-2010:20:02UTC12create_authorize_urlR topics documented:create_authorize_url (2)get_access_token (3)get_request_token (3)pocket_add (4)pocket_archive (5)pocket_delete (6)pocket_favorite (6)pocket_get (7)pocket_modify (8)pocket_tag (9)pocket_unfavorite (9)Index11 create_authorize_url create_authorize_urlDescriptionCreates the URL the user needs to enter into her browser in order to authorize the Pocket applica-tion/the request token.Usagecreate_authorize_url(request_token)Argumentsrequest_token Character string.Pocket request token generated by the function get_request_token.DetailsSee the GitHub README for details on Authentication.ValueCharacter string.The URL for authorizing the Pocket application for which the request token was requested.This is what you enter into your browser.See AlsoOther authentication functions:get_access_token(),get_request_token()get_access_token3 get_access_token get_access_tokenDescriptionCreates the URL the user needs to enter into her browser in order to authorize the Pocket applica-tion/the request token.Usageget_access_token(consumer_key,request_token)Argumentsconsumer_key Character string.Here goes your Pocket consumer key.request_token Character string.Pocket request token generated by get_request_token.DetailsSee the GitHub README for details on Authentication.ValueCharacter string.Returns the access token.See AlsoOther authentication functions:create_authorize_url(),get_request_token()get_request_token get_request_tokenDescriptionRequests a request_token for the Pocket application with a given consumer key from the Pocket Au-thentication API.The request token can then be used in create_authorize_url and get_access_token. Usageget_request_token(consumer_key)Argumentsconsumer_key Character string.Here goes your Pocket consumer key.4pocket_addDetailsSee the GitHub README for details on Authentication.ValueCharacter string.Request token for the Pocket Application corresponding to your consumer_key.See AlsoOther authentication functions:create_authorize_url(),get_access_token()pocket_add pocket_addDescriptionAdd one or more items to your Pocket account.Usagepocket_add(add_urls,item_ids="",tags=NULL,success=TRUE,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsadd_urls Character vector.The URL or URLs you want to add to your Pocket list.item_ids Character vector.The item_ids of the items you want to add.Defaults to emptycharacter vector.tags Character vector.One or more tags to be applied to all of the newly added URLs.Defaults to NULL.success Logical.Enables success/failure messages for every URL.Defaults to TRUE.Needs GET permission if TRUE.consumer_key Character string.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token Character string.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.pocket_archive5Valuethe response from the httr call,invisiblypocket_archive pocket_archiveDescriptionarchive items from your Pocket list.Usagepocket_archive(item_ids,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsitem_ids character vector.Pocket item ids you want to archive.consumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.ValueInvisibly returns a list containing information on whether the action failed or succeeded,includingthe respective item ID.6pocket_favorite pocket_delete pocket_deleteDescriptiondelete items from your Pocket list.Usagepocket_delete(item_ids,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsitem_ids character vector.Pocket item ids you want to delete from your list.consumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"). DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.ValueInvisibly returns a list containing information on whether the action failed or succeeded,includingthe respective item ID.pocket_favorite pocket_favoriteDescriptionfavorite items from your Pocket list.Usagepocket_favorite(item_ids,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))pocket_get7Argumentsitem_ids character vector.Pocket item ids you want to favoriteconsumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.ValueInvisibly returns a list containing information on whether the action failed or succeeded,includingthe respective item ID.pocket_get pocket_getDescriptionGet a data frame with your pocket data.Usagepocket_get(favorite=NULL,item_type=NULL,tag=NULL,state="all",consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsfavorite boolean.Default NULL.Allows toﬁlter for favorited items.If TRUE,onlyfavorited items will be returned.If FALSE,only un-favorited items will bereturned.item_type character.Default NULL.Allows toﬁlter for content type of items.Valid valuesare:"image","article","video".Please note that there might be Pocket itemsthat do not belong to any of those types.The Pocket API documentation onlymentions those three.tag character.Default NULL.Only one tag can beﬁltered at a time.Set to’_un-tagged_’if you only want to get untagged items.8pocket_modify state character.Default"all".Allows toﬁlter on unread/archived items or return all.Valid values are"unread","archive","all".consumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsSee https:///developer/docs/v3/retrieve for the meaning of certain variable values.Valuetibble.Tibble with one row for each Pocket item.pocket_modify pocket_modifyDescriptionFunction that sends a request with a list of actions to the’modify’Pocket API endpoint.Usagepocket_modify(actions,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsactions List.List of lists where each element is an action object.See https:///developer/docs/v3/mod consumer_key Character string.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token Character string.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").Detailssee https:///developer/docs/v3/modify.This function uses the modify endpoint of thePocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not suc-cessful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.pocket_tag9 pocket_tag pocket_tagDescriptionmodify the tags of the items in pocket.Usagepocket_tag(action_name=c("tags_replace","tags_remove","tags_add","tags_clear","tag_rename","tag_delete"),item_ids=NULL,tags=NULL,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsaction_name character vector.The kind of tag action you want to undertake.Possible val-ues:’tags_add’,’tags_remove’,’tags_replace’,’tags_clear’,’tag_rename’,or’tag_delete’.item_ids character vector.Pocket item ids you want to modify the tags for.tags character vector.The names of the tags to work with the chosen action.consumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.pocket_unfavorite pocket_unfavoriteDescriptionUnfavorite items from your Pocket list.10pocket_unfavoriteUsagepocket_unfavorite(item_ids,consumer_key=Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY"),access_token=Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN"))Argumentsitem_ids Character vector.Pocket item IDs you want to unfavorite.Get them,e.g.,viapocket_get.consumer_key character.Your Pocket consumer key.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_CONSUMER_KEY").access_token character.Your Pocket request token.Defaults to Sys.getenv("POCKET_ACCESS_TOKEN").DetailsThis function uses the modify endpoint of the Pocket API which exhibits some weird behaviour.For example,even if a‘modify‘action is not successful,the API will still return"success".See[issue[#26](https:///CorrelAid/pocketapi/issues/26)for a discussion.ValueInvisibly returns a list containing information on whether the action failed or succeeded,includingthe respective item ID.Index∗authentication functionscreate_authorize_url,2get_access_token,3get_request_token,3create_authorize_url,2,3,4get_access_token,2,3,3,4get_request_token,2,3,3pocket_add,4pocket_archive,5pocket_delete,6pocket_favorite,6pocket_get,7pocket_modify,8pocket_tag,9pocket_unfavorite,911。

蜂巢计划手帐文案学习英文

蜂巢计划手帐文案学习英文IntroductionThe Beehive Program is a productivity and personal development system that has gained popularity in recent years. It's a method of organizing your life, setting goals, and tracking your progress. The system is designed to help you stay focused, motivated, and on track to achieve your dreams.Setting Up Your Beehive Program JournalThe first step in creating a Beehive Program journal is to choose a suitable notebook or journal. It's important to find a notebook that you enjoy writing in and that will motivate you to use it regularly. Some people prefer a traditional paper journal, while others may opt for a digital journal using apps like Evernote or OneNote. Whichever type of journal you choose, make sure it's something that you will want to carry with you and refer to regularly. Once you have your journal, it's time to set it up. Create a title page and table of contents to help you keep track of your entries. Dedicate the first few pages to setting up your goals and action plans. This is where you'll write down everything you want to achieve in the coming months and years. Be specific and realistic, and include both short-term and long-term goals. Writing down your goals will help you clarify what you want and keep you focused on achieving it.Using the Beehive Program SystemThe Beehive Program is based on the idea that our lives are made up of many interconnected parts, just like a beehive. By organizing and prioritizing these parts, we can achieve greater success and fulfillment. The system consists of several key elements, including:Hive Sections: These are the main categories of your life, such as work, family, health, and personal growth. Write down these sections in your journal and use them as a framework for organizing your goals and tasks.Goal Setting: The Beehive Program encourages you to set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals. Write down your goals for each hive section and break them down into actionable steps.Action Plans: Once you have your goals in place, it's important to create action plans to help you achieve them. Break down your goals into smaller tasks, and assign deadlines to each one. This will help you stay accountable and motivated to complete your goals.Progress Tracking: Regularly review and track your progress in your journal. This could be a weekly or monthly check-in where you evaluate your accomplishments and adjust your plans as needed.Reflection: Take time to reflect on your journey and celebrate your successes. Reflecting on your progress can help you stay motivated and identify areas for improvement.Tips for SuccessTo make the most of your Beehive Program journal, here are some tips to keep in mind:Make it a habit: Set aside dedicated time each day or week to update your journal. Consistency is key to seeing progress.Be flexible: Life is unpredictable, and plans may change. Be open to adjusting your goals and plans as needed.Stay motivated: Surround yourself with positive reminders of your goals, such as inspiring quotes or pictures. This will help keep you motivated and focused on your objectives.Take action: It's not enough to just write down your goals – you need to take action to achieve them. Use your journal to hold yourself accountable and stay on track.ConclusionThe Beehive Program is a powerful tool for personal growth and productivity. By creating a journal that supports this method, you can organize your life, set meaningful goals, and track your progress. Whether you're striving for career success, better health, or personal fulfillment, the Beehive Program journal can help you achieve it. With dedication and consistency, you can turn your dreams into reality.。

pockets专业的幼儿英语教材分享

Structure
The content and structure of textbooks
The characteristics and advantages of textbooks
Characteristics: The textbooks are designed with colorful and attractive illustrations and activities to engage young learners They incorporate a variety of learning methods, such as listening activities, speaking practice, reading comprehension, and creative writing
Pockets Professional Preschool English Textbooks adopts a game based teaching method, designing various interesting games and activities to enable students to learn English while playing. This method can stimulate students' interest in learning and improve their learning enthusiasm.
Pockets Professional English Textbook Sharing for
目录
CONTENTS
Introduction to Pockets Professional Preschool English Textbook The Teaching Concept of Pockets Professional Preschool English Textbook Teaching Methods of Pockets Professional Preschool English Textbooks

pocket扩展程序用法

pocket扩展程序用法
Pocket 是一个在线书签管理工具，也提供了浏览器的扩展程序。

以下
是使用 Pocket 扩展程序的一些常见用法：
1. 保存网页：使用 Pocket 扩展程序可以快速保存网页并将其添加到你
的Pocket 账户中。

当你阅读一篇感兴趣的文章时，点击扩展程序图标，即可将其保存到 Pocket 中，以便随后阅读。

2. 标签分类：保存网页时，你可以为其添加标签，以便更好地组织和
管理保存的内容。

你可以使用相关的标签，如“工作”、“学习”、“旅行”等，或者自定义标签来给保存的网页分类。

3. 阅读离线：通过将网页保存到 Pocket 中，你可以随时打开 Pocket 应
用或者访问 Pocket 网站来阅读保存的内容，即使你没有互联网连接也
可以阅读保存的网页。

这特别适合在旅途中、地铁上等没有网络连接
的场景下使用。

4. 探索推荐：Pocket 还会根据你的兴趣和保存的内容推荐相关的文章、新闻等。

通过探索推荐内容，你可以发现更多有趣的文章和网页。

5.
与其他应用整合：Pocket 还可以与其他应用程序整合，如 Evernote、Feedly 等，使其更加多样化和强大。

通过与其他应用整合，你可以将
保存的内容导出到其他平台，或者在其他应用程序中使用 Pocket。

Pocket 扩展程序可以使你更加方便地保存、管理和阅读网页内容，并
根据你的兴趣提供相关推荐。

无论是个人网页管理还是深入阅读，Pocket 都是一个不错的选择。

杰弗里斯 69英寸灰白色梯形书架说明书

IMAGE
DESCRIPTION
CROSSBAR BARRE TRANSVERSALE
QTY / QTÉ
3
TOP SHELF
2
1
ÉTAGÈRE SUPÉRIEURE
SHELF PANEL
3
1
PANNEAU DE TABLETTE
BOTTOM SHELF
4
1
ÉTAGÈRE DU BAS
CROSSBAR
FRONT FACING RIGHT LEG
13
1
PATTE AVANT DROITE
FRONT FACING LEFT LEG
14
1
PATTE AVANT GAUCHE
FRONT FACING RIGHT LEG
15
1
PATTE AVANT DROITE
PAGE 4 DE / OF 21
PIÈCE / PART #
HANDLE
Q
POIGNÉE
QTY / QTÉ
8 2
BOLT SET
R
4
ENSEMBLE DE BOULON
GLUE
S
1
COLLE
ASSEMBLING SCREW -
Ø1/8" X 1 3/8"
T
8
VIS D'ASSEMBLAGE -
Ø1/8" X 1 3/8"
PAGE 10 DE / OF 21
PIÈCE / PART #
18
2
PANNEAU ARRIÈRE TIROIR
DRAWER BOTTOM PANEL
19
2
PANNEAU DU BAS TIROIR

文具类英文单词

常见文具类英文单词书写工具（Writing Instruments）-Pen钢笔-Ballpoint pen圆珠笔-Rollerball pen滚珠笔-Fountain pen自来水笔-Pencil铅笔-Mechanical pencil自动铅笔-Marker马克笔-Highlighter荧光笔纸张类（Paper Products）-Notebook笔记本-Notepad便签本-Paper纸-Writing paper书写纸-Legal pad法律用纸-Graph paper方格纸-Ruled paper带线纸-Stationery文具（总称）办公用品（Office Supplies）-Stapler订书机-Staples订书钉-Paper clip回形针-Clips夹子-Binder文件夹-Hole punch打孔器-Folder文件夹-Envelope信封文件整理（Filing and Organization）-File folder文件夹-Index cards索引卡-Label标签-Tabs标签页-Dividers分隔页-Bulletin board公告板-Cork board软木板绘画与艺术用品（Art Supplies）-Sketchbook素描本-Colored pencils彩色铅笔-Crayons蜡笔-Paint颜料-Paintbrush画笔-Canvas画布-Charcoal炭笔计算机配件（Computer Accessories）-USB drive优盘-External hard drive外置硬盘-Printer打印机-Ink cartridge墨盒-Mouse pad鼠标垫其他辅助工具（Miscellaneous）-Eraser橡皮-Ruler尺子-Protractor量角器-Compasses圆规-Calculator计算器-Scissors剪刀-Tape dispenser胶带座。

iOS Pocket Closet应用程序说明说明书

4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 2015)The Design and Implementation based on IOS Pocket ClosetZheng RuiyingInstitute of mathematics and computer science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityKey words: Pocket closet; Objective - C; IOS; SQL Server; PHPAbstract: Pocket closet is mobile application software developed based on Objective - C language, which can help users manage a wardrobe. When users don't know how to match clothes, the software recommends collocation through user testing results; Users don't have to dig out tie-in dress, but through the software to match clothes. It is convenient with simple operation. Users can also shop clothes, and buy their clothes online, at the same time users can discuss topics of common interest with other users. Pocket closet is a really convenient mobile application.I.T HE INTRODUCTIONPeople all have the love of beauty in their hearts. In everyone's closet, there are many clothes forgotten in a corner only through one or two times out. Later, suddenly found them in the wardrobe. Many people have such trouble: there are so many clothes in the closet, but don't know how to match. Sometimes you want to buy clothes, but just don't know how to go out to stroll. Based on these problems, I would like to develop this software which can solve the above problems.Pocket closet is a software closely related to life, easy to operate, and can help users to manage wardrobe. With the development of science and technology and network, input information clothes is simple, and the user can manually put phone clothes photos uploaded to the application or use of uploaded to the application by mobile phone camera for user-friendly management wardrobe and match clothes later. Based on the common trouble mentioned, in order to solve these problems, I developed the application.Pocket closet application uses Objective - C language to develop the program, use UIKit framework to build all pocket closet framework, mysql database to build the background to storage data required for the application. As long as the user mobile phone is equipped with the software, users can tie-in dress, anytime and anywhere, see clothes, buy clothes online, and let user be comfortable and save worry to follow fashion trends.II.T HE APPLICATION ARCHITECTUREPocket closet is based on IOS application. It uses Objective - C language, develop in Xcode 5.0.2 development environment for ordinary users to match dress fashion management and purchasing. A. Application run time environmentOperating system: OS X 10.8.5Database: the MYSQL 5.0Development environment: Xcode 5.0.2Server: MAMP2.2B. Application development technologies1. IOS profileIOS is the world's most advanced mobile operating system, which constantly redefines what people can use mobile devices to do. In short, iOS SDK and Xcode IDE are easy to allow developers to create revolutionary mobile applications.2. UIKit framework structureUIKit framework provides the iOS required classes to build and manage application's user interface. It provides an application object, event processing, imaging model, window, view and controller and is designed for touch screen interface.MVC design pattern is a very classic design pattern. Through MVC design pattern, application logic can be divided into data model, controller logic, and view. Model data model is mainly the logic for application's data and operation data. View is model data displayed on interface application, which allows the user to edit to it. Controller object is coordinator between application view object and object model, which has the effect of the bridge to show UI logic control with data interaction.3. Objective - CObjective - C is an object-oriented editor language, which is written with iOS program, but it is the language of derived by C language, which not only inherits the characteristics of C language, but also expands C language. This is a superset of C programming language, and provides object-oriented functions and dynamic operation. Objective - C inherits syntax, basic types and flow C control statements, and increases syntax to define classes and methods. It also adds to the management of graphics object and objects constants, and at the same time provides dynamic typing and dynamic binding, which delays the many responsibilities until run time language level support.4. MYSQL databaseIn the application, we only need to store clothes information. With relevant information, user information posts topics, and comments on the topic. MYSQL database just conforms to this characteristic, so I chose it in application as application database.III.A PPLICATION NEEDS ANALYSISAccording to the using characteristics of wardrobe, the application can be divided into the following several modules: walk module, collocation module, share communication module, recommend module. Application of function module diagram is shown in Figure 1.Walk function module mainly has a list of clothes list, clothes introduction and clothes details. Walk function module diagram is shown in Figure 2.Figure 1 Application function module diagram Figure 2 Walk function module diagram Share communication function module mainly includes log in, registration, issue list, check topics, reviews topics, post topics. Share communication function module diagram is shown in Figure 3. Collocation function module is mainly tie-in, custom tie-in, choose clothes, show collocation, and choose a topic. Collocation function module diagram is shown in Figure 4.Figure 3 Share communication function module diagram Figure 4 collocation function modulechartFigure 5 Recommend function module diagramRecommend function module mainly includes testing style one, style test two, style test three, test results, recommendation. Recommend function module diagram is shown in Figure 5.IV.A PPLICATION IMPLEMENTATIONA. Walk moduleWalk function module is mainly used for online clothes purchase, and achieves to buy clothes by mobile phone which is convenient and saves time.The difficulty in this function module is json parsing and image loading problem. For json parsing the difficulty, I make a request through the network, then with JSONObjectWithData:(NSData *)data options:(NSJSONReadingOptions)opt error:(NSError **)error method to parses the data, and then use NSDictionary dictionary to store data. Because we can load more pictures with up and down refreshment, it will bring a problem. If more pictures, loading speed is slow, and pictures are showed slow, and the sense that gives a user is very slow with quiz and the user experience is not good. In order to solve this problem, I introduce UIImageView + WebCache file. As long as we import the file header files in the program, and then display images by using setImageWithURL method, loading problem is solved.B. Collocation moduleCollocation function mainly is the realization of user’s own clothes match operation. Users don't have to dig out the collocation of clothes. As long as choose clothes via mobile phone, check collocation, then check the match result, if he does not like it, match again.Collocation design is that if the user is the first time into collocation function module, only theme words are on the first interface, and there is no corresponding collocation pictures each topic. Users click the button on the upper right corner, enter a custom interface, and the interface is designed to connect to the database, which will input information table in database information to download and store down. According to type attribute classification, divide display images information into five classifications: clothes, beauty makeup, accessories, shoes, bags. The user can select images in each category to match, and the same images can't be chosen twice, and you can delete selected images. After selection, click the button in the top right corner, enter the collocation browsing interface, and if the user is satisfied with the collocation, which can click the button on the upper right corner, enter the theme selection. The user matches clothes in topic selection, classify them. If the suit is suitable for wear to work or off work. The user also can input topic separately. Good choice and then click the button below enter the first interface, and users can see their collocation clothes pictures at this moment, choose the theme selected, and then tie-in images will be shown just below. In this function module, the user can match their clothes, so you don't have to dig out the collocation of clothes, and the user can also match clothes anytime and anywhere.1. Match clothes function moduleUser's choice of clothes source is for the user to add clothes. Clothes interface contains a selection of five categories: clothing, beauty makeup, shoes, bags and accessories. The user can freely choosethe items to complete the match, and can delete the selected item. The program will determine the same items cannot be selected twice. After selection, click the next step on the upper right corner, jump to display collocation, and the user interface mainly displays good effect pictures.In this function module, in order to allow users to let users more convenient and comfortable, according to classification, we can control the classification of the slide to reveal hidden. The effect of the implementation of the method is implemented on UIScrollerView by adding UILabel. Controls stack is to achieve good effect view. UIScrollerView is mainly to realize the effect of sliding. UILabel mainly shows classification. Classification corresponding picture is also the difficulty and key. Connect to the database, load and store the input the data in information clothes table. According to the type attribute, classify the pictures, which is to realize the key point. After classification, the pictures are classified; In the process of development, how to realize the corresponding image display is also a difficult point, and the solution to this problem is how many kinds of statistical classifying. On the basis of the original view, create child views after statistical classification number and use classification and storage of data to display the data corresponding on each child view. Of course, these data show carrier is UIButton so as to trigger the click event, then click on the event, I realized that immediately after clicking, the selected images shows below, so the layout is very important in this function module.The main implementation code:/ / delete button respond events- (void)removeit:(UIButton *)sender{count = count - 1;UIButton *butts = nil;for(UIButton *btn in self.btnArr){if(btn.tag==sender.tag){[btn removeFromSuperview];butts = btn;}}[self.btnArr removeObject:butts ];//delete images from the arrayUIImageView * tempImageView = nil;For (UIImageView * image in the self. ImageArr) {If (image. The tag = = sender. Tag) {[image removeFromSuperview];[self. Clothess removeObject: image. Image]; / / delete picturesTempImageView = image;}}[the self imageArr removeObject: tempImageView]; / / delete pictures from pictures in the array/ / used to implement the slide to delete, is suitable for automatically move to the leftFor (UIView * obj in [the self scrolingdelega subviews]) {[obj removeFromSuperview];}/ / used to reload the viewFor (int I = 0; I < self. ImageArr. Count; i++) {UIImageView * tempImage = self. ImageArr [I];TempImage. Frame = CGRectMake (5 + I * 72, 10, 72, 67);[the self scrolingdelega addSubview: self imageArr [I]].}For (int I = 0; I < self. BtnArr. Count; i++) {UIButton * butts = self. BtnArr [I];Butts. Frame = CGRectMake (3 + 72 * I, 6, 15, 15);[the self scrolingdelega addSubview: self btnArr [I]].}}/ / click next respond to events- (void) finishOK {If ([self scrolingdelega subviews]. Count = = 0) {UIAlertView * alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle: nil message: @ "please add clothes!" the delegate: self cancelButtonTitle: nil otherButtonTitles: @ "good," nil];[alert show];[alert release]; / / hint didn't add clothes} else {Init MatchfinishViewController * finishViewControll = [[MatchfinishViewController alloc]].[the self navigationController pushViewController: finishViewControll animated: YES]; / / jump interface}}2. Choose topic and display moduleAfter collocation, get into choose topic interface. The user can choose subject or input subject. Display collocation interface after chosen the topic. The interface contains subject classification. If the user has added the collocation of the classification, show collocation figure under the corresponding classification, and the user can click on the image to get into the browsing. Choosing theme function module design is that the user can select theme and can also manually enter the theme. Manually add theme will be automatically added to the list of theme, and when getting to the theme for the second time in interface, manually input it to the theme. Line up an interface to other topics when the theme list full. The user can slide to view your subject. How to achieve this is the emphasis and difficulty to choose the function module. My realization method is to add a child views on the original view, add UIScrollView in this child views to slide around to implement, add on UIButton button to UIScrollView to display the theme, adn when the number of topic is greater than 12, UIScrollView can slide and add the theme. And add the data well match with the theme to the database.Show collocation function module design idea is to connect the database, load and save the data in match table. According to the classified storage of theme attribute in the table, match images classification. In this function module, adopt the same method as tie-in dress function module to display the theme. While sliding theme, the following load content changes, and we also can check the original match. The function modules’ difficulty is how to realize theme change, and the following content changes. My method is to add UIScrollView to the bottom of the theme, determine the width of UIScrollView according to the load type theme number, and realize each topic on UIScrollView accounted for a page. When UIScrollView slides around, there is a scrollViewDidScroll method for special monitoring events, and when UIScrollView slides around, display collocation image in this way.V.S UMMARYThis app has the advantage that when user is in use, the vast majority of functions can be accessed, and they don't have to worry about permissions. For the problems like forget what clothes you have, don't know what to wear clothes in the morning, don't know tie-in dress, they are resolved in the app. The app also adds the function of share exchange, so that the user can communicate with otherusers to share their tie-in tips, discuss how to match clothes, set up a bridge of communication, and also broaden the user's circle of friends. The app uses simple and practical, easy operation, intelligent and humanization. Of course, this app has shortages. In collocation module, if use 3 d figure to match clothes, give a person better visual effect. In the recommendation module, the user sees most words, while if there are pictures in recommend collocation, the recommended collocation effect is better.AcknowledgmentThis work is financially supported by the Social Science Planning Project of Jiangxi Province under Grant NO. 14TQ04R EFERENCE[1] Dave Mark, Jack Nutting, Jeff LaMarche ios 5 cs (second edition) [M]. Beijing: People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, 2012-12.[2] Mark Dalrymple, Scott Knaster Objective - C based tutorial (second edition) [M]. Beijing: People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, 2012-10.[3] Teodor Danciu, Lucian Chirita. The Definitive Guide to JasperReport. The 2007-8.[4] Liu Jieyu. A game design and implementation based on iOS [D] University of Electronic Science and Technology, 2012.[5] Huang Xiaoguo. Testing technology in the process of software development [J] Computers 1995, 03。

哈奇 Pocket Colorimeter II 简易色谱仪说明书

Pocket Colorimeter™ IISimple as EverJust four buttons on the Hach Pocket Colorimeter II alloweasy operation. The Read/Enter key is used when measuringsample concentrations or to confirm menu choices. TheMenu key provides quick menu navigation and selection.Use the Zero/Scroll key to zero the instrument or to scrollthrough menu options. The Power/Backlight key turns theinstrument on and toggles the display backlight for low lightconditions.Waterproof, Rugged, and Light WeightThe IP67 rating means the Pocket Colorimeter II will resistthe elements and still function properly. A tough, impact-resistant shell protects the electronics and optics. It weighsonly 0.2 kg—about a half pound. A lanyard keeps the capattached to the colorimeter.Large Display and Data LoggingThe Range Indicator icon on the display of the colorimeterindicates either the instrument range or the parameter beingtested. For many parameters, the instrument can measure intwo different ranges. The battery icon will indicate when thebatteries need to be replaced. The instrument logs the tenmost recent data points and the time the measurementswere made—no need to record results manually.Accurate, Reproducible MeasurementsThe Pocket Colorimeter II offers accuracy and reproducibilitycomparable to expensive lab instruments, but is designedfor a long working life in harsh conditions. A long-lastingLED is used as the light source, and low power requirementsassure long battery life.Pre-programmedThe instruments are factory programmed for one or twoof more than 30 parameters. Many are based on EPA-approved methods. No manual calibration is ever required.Simply zero the instrument with a blank, insert the reactedsample, and read the result. Wavelength-specific modelswithout factory calibration are also available forprogramming custom methods.Better OpticsThe higher absorbance range provided by the improvedquality of the optical system over the previous modelprovides expanded ranges for several parameters—reducing the need for dilutions.Features and BenefitsDWWWPWIWEFBColorimeterEach Hach Pocket Colorimeter II measures one to two parameters—many at two concentration ranges. Each instrument comes in aready-to-use kit that includes a manual, pre-measured unit dosereagents, sample cells, and a sturdy custom carrying case.Portable and convenientRugged2LampLight Emitting Diode (LED)DetectorSiliconEnclosureIP67, waterproof at 1 m for 30 minutes (battery compartment excluded) WavelengthFixed wavelength ±2 nm, varies with modelFilter Bandwidth15 nm Absorbance Range0 to 2.5 AbsSample Cell Pathlength1 cm and 1-in. (25 mm)Operating Conditions0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F)0 to 90% relative humidityDisplayLCD, backlitPower Supply4 AAA batteries; approximate life of2000 tests (use of backlight reducesthis number)ComplianceEuropean CE markWarranty2 yearsDimensions6.1 x 15.5 x 3.5 cm (2.5 x 6.2 x 1.4 in.)Weight0.23 kg (0.5 lbs.)*Specifications subject to change without notice.Continued on next page.Parameter Range MethodAlachlor0.1, 0.5 ppb thresholds ImmunoassayAluminum0.02 to 0.80 mg/L Al AluminonAmmonia0.01 to 0.80 mg/L NH3-N SalicylateAmmonia, Free 0.02 to 0.50 mg/L Free Ammonia as NH3-N;Indophenoland Monochloramine0.04 to 4.50 mg/L Monochloramine as CI2Atrazine0.1, 0.5, 3.0 ppb thresholds ImmunoassayBromine0.05 to 4.50; 0.2 to 10.0 mg/L Br2DPDChlorine, Free* and Total* **0.02 to 2.00; 0.1 to 8.0 mg/L Cl2DPDChlorine, Free, Total, and pH†0.1 to 10.0 mg/L Cl2DPD6.0 to 8.5 pH Phenol RedChlorine, Free* and Total* **0.02 to 2.00; 0.1 to 8.0 mg/L Cl2DPDSwifTest DispenserChlorine Dioxide*0.05 to 5.00 mg/L ClO2DPD/GlycineChromium, Hexavalent**0.01 to 0.70 mg/L Cr6+1,5 Diphenylcarbohydrazide Copper** 0.04 to 5.00 mg/L Cu BicinchoninateFluoride* **0.1 to 2.0 mg/L F-‡SPADNS/SPADNS 2Iron, FerroVer®**0.02 to 5.00 mg/L Fe FerroVerIron, TPTZ0.01 to 1.70 mg/L Fe TPTZLead, LeadTrak™ 5 to 150 µg/L Pb Fast Column Extraction Manganese, Low Range0.01 to 0.70 mg/L Mn PANManganese, High Range**0.2-20.0 mg/L Mn Periodate Oxidation Molybdate0.02 to 3.00; 0.1 to 12.0 mg/L Mo Ternary Complex Monochloramine and Free Ammonia0.04 to 4.50 mg/L Monochloramine as CI2;Indophenol0.02 to 0.50 mg/L Free Ammonia as NH3-NNickel and Cobalt0.01 to 1.00 mg/L Ni; 0.02 to 2.00 mg/L Co PANNitrate0.4 to 30.0 mg/L NO3-N Cadmium Reduction Oxygen, Dissolved0.2 to 10.0 mg/L O2HRDOOzone0.01 to 0.25; 0.01 to 0.75 mg/L O3Indigo TrisulfonatePCB in Soil1, 5, 10, 50 ppm thresholds ImmunoassayPhosphate* **0.02 to 3.00 mg/L PO4PhosVer®3Phosphonate0.1 to 2.5; 1 to 125 mg/L PO4PhosVer 3 with UV Digestion3Parameter Range MethodSilica 1 to 100 mg/L SiO2SilicomolybdateSulfate** 2 to 70 mg/L SO4TurbidimetricTPH in Soil20, 50, 100, 200 ppm thresholds ImmunoassayTPH in Water2, 5, 10, 20 ppm thresholds ImmunoassayZinc** 0.02 to 3.00 mg/L Zn Zincon*Method is USEPA accepted or approved for drinking water (additional steps may be required)**Method is USEPA accepted or approved for wastewater (additional steps may be required)†Phenol Red colorimetric pH measurement is not accepted for regulatory reporting.‡Greater sensitivity (0.01 mg/L) is achieved by substituting bottled SPADNS reagent for the AccuVac® Ampuls provided in the kit.2812900Alachlor Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 18 tests5870025Aluminum Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870040Ammonia Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870026Ammonia, Free and Monochloramine PocketColorimeter II; includes reagents for 50 FreeAmmonia tests, 100 Monochloramine tests 2763500Atrazine Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 18 tests5870001Bromine Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 50 to 100 tests5870000Chlorine, Free and Total Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 50 to 100 tests5870012Chlorine, Free, Total, and pH Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870023Chlorine, Free, SwifTest Dispenser PocketColorimeter II; includes reagents for125 to 250 tests5870024Chlorine, Total SwifTest Dispenser PocketColorimeter II; includes reagents for125 to 250 tests5870051Chlorine Dioxide Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870017Chromium, Hexavalent Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870019Copper Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870005Fluoride Pocket Colorimeter II (SPADNS);includes reagents for up to 50 tests2513100Fluoride Pocket Colorimeter II(SPADNS 2–Arsenic-Free);includes reagents for up to 50 tests5870022Iron, FerroVer Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests 5870016Iron, TPTZ Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870021Lead, LeadTrak Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 20 tests5870018Manganese, Low Range, Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 50 tests5870015Manganese, High Range, Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870010Molybdate Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870020Nickel and Cobalt Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870002Nitrate Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870003Oxygen, Dissolved Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 25 tests5870004Ozone Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for up to 50 tests2773400PCB in Soil Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 18 tests5870006Phosphate Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870007Phosphonate Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870034Silica Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests5870029Sulfate Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 tests2775000TPH in Soil Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 18 tests2774200TPH in Water Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 18 tests5870009Zinc Pocket Colorimeter II;includes reagents for 100 testsContinued on next page.The Hach Pocket Colorimeter II includes manual, pre-measured unit dose reagents, sample cells, and a carrying case. Reagents can be refilled by contacting Hach or your Hach distributor.Lit. No. 2596 Rev 2For current price information, technical support, and ordering assistance, contact the Hach office or distributor servingyour area.In the United States, contact:HACH COMPANY World Headquarters P.O. Box 3895870060Pocket Colorimeter II; Light Wavelength 600 nm5870065Pocket Colorimeter II; Light Wavelength 655 nmStandardsSpec✔Ampule Standards are colored gels that simulate the color produced by the analytical procedure, for simple checks on instrument response. Each set includes a blank and three concentrations.2635300Chlorine Spec✔Standard Kit, DPD LR (0 to 2.0 mg/L Cl2); set of 4 vials 2893300Chlorine Spec✔Standard Kit, DPD HR (0 to 6.5 mg/L Cl2); set of 4 vials 2712500Fluoride Spec✔Standard Kit (0 to 2.00 mg/L F-); set of 4 vials2507500Monochloramine/Free Ammonia Spec✔Standard Kit(0 to 4.5 mg/L Cl2and 0 to 0.50 mg/L NH3-N); set of 4 vials2708000Ozone MR Spec✔Standard Kit (0 to 0.75 mg/L); set of 4 vials Accessory5953100Pocket Colorimeter II Soft-Sided Case/Holster(holds colorimeter, two sample cells and reagent pouches)The optional soft-sided case/holster holdsthe Pocket Colorimeter, two vials, and more!。

HP LaserJet P4515 打印机系列指南说明书

Lightning-fast performerExperience legendary reliability and consistent print quality at incredible speeds of up to 62 pages per minute (ppm)—the latest advancements in HP toner technology make it possible. Start fast and finish sooner: Time To Completion (TTC) of a typical office print job can be nearly twice as fast with Instant-on Technology.1 Built-in Gigabit networking lets you share the printer across large workgroups with ease. Secure, robust productivity In addition to supporting standard security protocols and optional third-party security solutions, the printer includes industry-leading security capabilities. Get fast, secure performance across your network with advanced IPSec encryption, prevent unauthorized access with management features like 802.1Xauthentication and password protection, and guard sensitive information with support for private printing. Just press the Folder button to view your stored jobs, enter a PIN, and print your documents.Flexible and expandableUpgrade your printer as business needs change. This versatile printer accommodates a variety of media types and sizes, and lets you expand paper handling and finishing capabilities with an optional two-sided printing accessory, additional 500-sheet or1,500-sheet input trays, an envelope feeder, a 5-bin mailbox, stacker, or stapler/stacker accessory. You can also select either regular or high-capacity print cartridges to meet your specific business needs.Improve performance and increase storage capacity with an optional EIO hard disk. The printer alsosupports optional Jetdirect and third-party solutionsvia the EIO slot and Host USB 2.0-like ports. Hassle-free managementSimplify fleet management tasks and reduce IT costs with HP Web Jetadmin.2 This powerful tool makes it easy to install, monitor, secure, and troubleshoot a wide range of network-connected peripherals from an intuitive browser interface. Use a single driver—the HP Universal Print Driver communicates directly with each HP device on your network and customizes the user interface to show the available features.31Instant-on Technology uses cutting-edge fuser technology to produce the first page faster when a printer is coming out of low power mode so your print job is done sooner. An InfoTrends study shows the typical office print job is three to five pages long:/public/Content/Presentations/officeprinteruse.pdf. Time To Completion of a typical office print job tested on HP and select competing products. Actual results may vary. 2Find more information and download HP Web Jetadmin free at /go/webjetadmin . 3To download the free HP Universal Print Driver Series for Windows, visit /go/upd .Enhance workgroup productivity with HP’sfastest single-function black-and-white printer.HP LaserJet P4515 Printer series 1 Control panel simultaneouslydisplays up to four lines of text andanimated graphics and features abuilt-in 10-key pad2Optional 500-sheet 5-bin mailboxwith sorting capability3 500-sheet top output bin4 Adjustable 100-sheet multipurposeinput tray 1 for special media5 500-sheet input tray 26 500-sheet input tray 37 Optional 500-sheet input tray 48 Optional 1,500-sheet high capacityinput tray9 HP Jetdirect Gigabit Ethernetembedded print server with IPSec10 A powerful 540 MHz processor and128 MB of standard printingmemory, expandable up to 640 MB11 EIO expansion slot supports anoptional parallel card, hard disk, orJetdirect print server12 One external and two internal HostUSB 2.0-like ports for third-partyconnections13 Security lock slot14 Hi-Speed USB 2.0 port providessimple connections for direct printing15 100-sheet rear output bin16 Duplexer for automatic two-sidedprinting17 Optional printer stand enablesprinter mobilitySeries at a glanceP4515n P4515tn P4515x Part number CB514A CB515A CB516A HP Jetdirect Gigabit Ethernetembedded print server with IPSec√√√100-sheet multipurpose tray 1 √√√500-sheet tray 2 √√√500-sheet tray 3 Optional √√Automatic two-sided printing Optional Optional √Memory 128 MB 128 MB 128 MBRecommended monthly print volume 5,000 to 20,000 pages 5,000 to 20,000 pages 5,000 to 20,000 pagesDuty cycle Up to 275,000 pages Up to 275,000 pages Up to 275,000 pagesHP LaserJet P4515x Printer shown with optional500-sheet 5-bin mailbox, 500-sheet input tray 4,optional 1,500-sheet high capacity input tray, andoptional printer stand1345621578910111314161217Front viewPartial rear viewEasy to use and maintain, this printer is also easy on the environment.CB524AMake business mailing simple andefficient with the HP LaserJet75-sheet Envelope Feeder.CB522AEnjoy hassle-free, unattendedprinting with HP LaserJet 500-sheetStapler/Stacker.CB520AFind your printed output quickly andeasily with the HP LaserJet 500-sheet5-Bin Mailbox.HP Support ServicesMinimize the cost of downtimeBecause printer downtime can have serious business consequences,HP provides high-quality services that extend beyond the standard warrantyand help you avoid unbudgeted repair costs.Benefits include reduced printing and infrastructure costs, maximizeduptime, expert technical phone support and delivery services, andpredictable and consistent service delivery across multiple locations.Choose:•Installation Service with Network Configuration: expert assembly ofHP accessories, hardware verification, network configuration, and basicadministrator familiarization•Same Day Onsite Service: technician arrives at your site within four hoursafter service call is received, if this time falls within the coverage window•Next Day Onsite Service: technician-delivered onsite service the nextbusiness day after the service callAny of the above options can be purchased as:•HP Care Pack Services: easy-to-buy, easy-to-use support packages•HP Contractual Services: a comprehensive portfolio for maintainingmaximum IT availabilityHP also offers Managed Print Services: a solution scalable from imaging andprinting devices and toner cartridges, to installation, management,maintenance, and supportFor more information visit: /go/printservices.Print cartridges with HP Smart Printing Technology6HP LaserJet Black Print Cartridge (10,000 pages)HP LaserJet Black Print Cartridge (24,000 pages)Paper handlingHP LaserJet 500-sheet Input Tray and FeederHP LaserJet 1,500-sheet High Capacity Input TrayHP LaserJet 75-sheet Envelope FeederHP LaserJet Automatic Duplexer for Two-sided PrintingHP LaserJet 500-sheet 5-Bin MailboxHP LaserJet 500-sheet StackerHP LaserJet 500-sheet Stapler/StackerAccessories and suppliesHP LaserJet Printer StandHP LaserJet 1,000 Staple Cartridge Pack (3 cartridges by 1,000)HP LaserJet Printer Maintenance Kit (110V)HP LaserJet Printer Maintenance Kit (220V)Memory/storageHP 64 MB DDR2 144-pin x32HP 128 MB DDR2 144-pin x32HP 256 MB DDR2 144-pin x32HP 512 MB DDR2 144-pin x32HP High Performance Serial ATA Hard DiskConnectivityHP Jetdirect 620n Fast Ethernet Print ServerHP Jetdirect 630n IPv6 Gigabit Ethernet Print ServerHP Jetdirect 635n IPv6/IPSec Internal Print ServerHP Jetdirect 690n Wireless Print ServerHP Jetdirect en3700 Fast Ethernet Print ServerHP Jetdirect en1700 IPv4/IPv6 Print ServerHP Jetdirect ew2400 802.11g Wireless Print ServerHP 1284B Parallel CardFor more information, visit /go/jetdirectService and supportHP 3-year, Next Business Day Onsite ServiceHP 3-year, 4-hour, 13x5 Same Day Onsite ServiceHP Onsite Installation and Network ConfigurationHP Maintenance Kit Replacement Service, FuserHP 1-year, Post-warranty, Next Business Day Onsite ServiceHP 1-year, Post-warranty, 4-hour, 13x5 Same Day Onsite ServiceHP 1-year, Post-warranty Service, Phone and Online AssistanceFor more information, visit /services/printerPaper/go/paperSolutions/go/gscCC364ACC364XCB518ACB523ACB524ACB519ACB520ACB521ACB522ACB525AQ3216ACB388ACB389ACC413ACC414ACC415ACE483AJ7989GJ7934GJ7997GJ7961GJ8007GJ7942GJ7988GJ7951GJ7972GUJ516EUJ522EUC742EUJ986EUJ525PEUJ527PEHC128PE4 The tons of CO2 avoided is based on power plant emissions that otherwise would occur to generate the electricity saved; cars removed is based on annual emissions from cars burning gasoline.5 Two-sided printing is included with the HP LaserJet P4515x Printer and can be added to the HP LaserJet P4515n Printer and HP LaserJet P4515tn Printer by adding the optional HP LaserJet Automatic Duplexer for two-sided printing.6 Declared yield values in accordance with ISO/IEC 19752. Actual yields vary considerably based on images printed and other factors. For more information, visit/go/learnaboutsupplies.Saves resourcesBe ready to print in seconds: Instant-on Technology inHP LaserJet devices provides up to 50 percent energysavings over traditional fusing while providing a firstpage-out in seconds—nearly twice as fast ascompetitive products without this technology. The useof Instant-on Technology has reduced emissions by4.1 million tons of Co2 to date—the equivalent ofremoving 870,000 cars from the road for one year.4Cut paper consumption in half and save money withautomatic two-sided printing.5Recycle cartridges with HP Planet Partners. Thisindustry-leading program gives companies aroundthe world an easy and environmentally consciousway to return hardware and print supplies forrecycling after use.HP LaserJet P4515 Printer seriesTechnical specificationsHP LaserJet P4515n Printer (CB514A) HP LaserJet P4515tn Printer (CB515A) HP LaserJet P4515x Printer (CB516A)Print speed 7Up to 62 ppm, letterDocument delivery speed First page out: as fast as 8.5 seconds from Ready mode; Time To Completion for a typical office print job: as fast as 15.5 seconds, letter 8Print resolution UP to 1200 by 1200 dpi; HP REt, HP 300 dpi, HP 600 dpi, HP FastRes 1200, HP ProRes 1200Processor 540 MHzMemory128 MB, expandable to 640 MB via one open 144-pin 32 bit DDR2 DIMM slotDurability ratings Recommended monthly volume: 5,000 to 20,000 pages,9 Duty cycle: up to 275,000 pages 10PaperInput 100-sheet multipurpose tray 1, 500-sheet tray 2100-sheet multipurpose tray 1, 500-sheet tray 2, 500-sheet tray 3Output100-sheet rear output bin, 500-sheet top output binTwo-sided printing Manual (optional accessory available for automatic two-sided printing) AutomaticSizesMultipurpose tray 1: letter, legal, executive, statement, 8.5 by 13.0 in, envelope (Com 10, Monarch No. 7 3/4); custom: 3.0 by 5.0 in to 8.5 by 14.0 inInput trays 2 and 3: letter, legal, executive, statement, 8.5 by 13.0 in; custom: 5.8 by 8.3 in to 8.5 by 14.0 in Automatic duplexer for two-sided printing: letter, legal, executive; custom: 5.8 by 8.3 in to 8.5 by 14.0 inOptional 500-sheet 5-bin mailbox: letter, legal, executive, statement, 8.5 by 13.0 in; custom: 5.8 by 8.3 in to 8.5 by 14.0 inWeightsMultipurpose tray 1: 16 to 53 lbInput trays 2 and 3, optional 500-sheet feeder, optional high-capacity input tray, automatic duplexer for two-sided printing: 16 to 32 lbOptional envelope feeder: 20 to 28 lbTypes Paper (bond, color, letterhead, plain, preprinted, prepunched, recycled, rough, light), envelopes, labels, cardstock, transparencies, user-definedConnectivityInterfaces1 Hi-Speed USB 2.0, 1 EIO slot, 1 external and2 internal Host USB 2.0-like ports for third-party connection, HP Jetdirect Gigabit Ethernet embedded printserverLanguages HP PCL 6, HP PCL 5e, HP postscript level 3 emulation, direct PDF (v1.4) printing (192 MB printer memory recommended)Fonts80 HP font set (plus Greek, Hebrew, Cyrillic, Arabic)Client operating systems Windows® 2000; Windows XP® Home; Windows XP Professional; Windows Server 2003; Certified for Windows Vista®;Mac OS X v10.2.8, v10.3, v10.4, v10.5, and laterNetwork operating systemsVia an HP Jetdirect print server: Microsoft Windows 2000, Server 2003, XP, Vista, 2003 64-bit, XP 64-bit, Vista 64-bit (For Microsoft IPv6 compatible with Windows 2003, XP, and Vista); Novell 5.1 and later; Mac OS X v10.2.8, v10.3, v10.4, v10.5, and later; Red Hat Linux 7.x and later; SuSE Linux 8.x and later; HP-UX 10.20, 11.x, 11.i; Solaris 2.5 and later (SPARC systems only); IBM AIX 3.2.5 and later 1; MPE-iX; Citrix MetaFrame Server; Windows TerminalServicesNetwork protocolsSupported via an HP Jetdirect print server: IPv4/IPv6: Apple Bonjour Compatible (Mac OS 10.2.4 and later), SNMPv1/v2c/v3, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, Port 9100, LPD, IPP, Secure-IPP, WS Discovery, IPsec/Firewall; IPv6: DHCPv6, MLDv1, ICMPv6; IPv4: Auto-IP, SLP, TFTP, Telnet, IGMPv2, BOOTP/DHCP, WINS, IP DirectMode, WS Print; Other: IPX/SPX, AppleTalk, NetWare NDS, Bindery, NDPS, iPrintSecurityManagement security: SNMPv3, SSL/TLS (HTTPS), 802.1X authentication (EAP- PEAP, EAP-TLS), IPsec/Firewall with Kerberos, Certificate, and PreShared Key Authentication; Wireless network security (Requires HP Jetdirect 690n Wireless Print Server): 802.1X (EAP-PEAP, EAP-TLS), WPA, WPA2 authentication, AES,TKIP, WEP(40/64- and 128-bit) encryptionDimensions (w by d by h)16.5 by 17.7 by 15.5 in 16.5 by 17.7 by 21.5 in 16.5 by 20 by 21.5 inWeight (includes print cartridge) 56.92 lb 71.58 lb 77.42 lbWhat’s in the box Printer, right-angled power cord, control panel overlay, software and documentation on CD-ROM, print cartridge,11 Getting Started Guide, support flyerAlso includes 500-sheet input tray 3 500-sheet input tray 3,automatic duplexer for two-sided printingWarrantyOne-year, return to HP authorized service center, limited warrantyEnvironmental rangesTypical Electricity Consumption (TEC): 5.049 kWh/WeekRecommended temperature 50 to 90 degrees F E NERGY S TAR ® qualified models, see /go/energystarStorage temperature32 to 95 degrees F CertificationsRecommended relative humidity 10 to 80 percent Storage relative humidity 10 to 95 percent Altitude Up to 10,000 ft Acoustics 12Safety IEC 60950-1 (International), IEC 60825-1+A1+A2, UL/cUL Listed (US/Canada), EN60825-1+A1+A2 (Class 1 Laser/LED Device) GB4943-2001Sound powerActive: 7.4 B(A) Ready: 4.8 B(A) Bystander sound pressure Active: 60 dB(A) Standby: 31 dB(A) Power specificationsRequired input voltage 100 to 127 V (±10 percent), 50/60 Hz (±3 Hz) 220 to 240 V (±10 percent), 50/60 Hz (±3 Hz) Active: 910 watts Sleep: 12 wattsEMCCISPR 22: 2005/EN 55022: 2006 Class B, EN 61000-3-2: 2000+A2, EN 61000-3-3: 1995+A1, EN 55024: 1998+A1+A2, FCC Title 47 CFR, Part 15 Class B (USA), ICES-003, Issue 4, (Canada), GB9254-1998Power consumption 13Ready: 20 watts Off: 0 wattsHP SureSupply enabled. To learn more, visit /learn/suresupply7 Exact speed varies depending on system configuration, software application, driver, and document complexity.8An InfoTrends study shows the typical office print job is three to five pages long: /public/Content/Presentations/officeprinteruse.pdf. Time To Completion of a typical office print job tested on HP and select competing products. Actual results may vary. 9HP recommends that the number of printed pages per month be within the stated range for optimum device performance, based on factors including supplies replacement intervals and device life over an extended warranty period. 10Duty cycle is defined as the maximum number of pages per month of imaged output. This value provides a comparison of product robustness in relation to other HP LaserJet or HP Color LaserJet devices, and enables appropriate deployment of printers and MFPs. 11Average continuous black cartridge yield 10,000 standard pages. Declared yield value in accordance with ISO/IEC 19752. Actual yields vary considerably bsed on images printed and other factors. For more information, visit /go/learnaboutsupplies . 12Measured per ISO 7779 and declared per ISO 9296; values subject to change. For current information see /support . Configuration tested: LaserJet P4515x. 13Values subject to change. See /support for current information. Power numbers are the highest values measured using all standard voltages.E NERGY S TAR and the E NERGY S TAR logo are registered U.S. marks. Linux is a U.S. registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Windows Vista is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.© Copyright 2008 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.To learn more, visit 4AA1-6972ENUC, February 2008。

心可书馆使用手册说明书

中国图书全文数据库（心可书馆）使用手册一、产品介绍“知网星空·心可书馆”（以下简称“心可书馆”）是中国知网基于海量数字资源和全球各行业2亿多专业读者群，运用知识关联、智能处理、大数据分析等先进技术，针对数字图书的特点与应用需求，为各出版机构精心打造的网络化出版发行平台，是用户选书购书的专业助手，是读者发现新书好书、研学创新的可心书馆。

二、产品价值1、高标准遴选经典学术著作，上百家出版社万余种好书入驻心可书馆以“中文经典学术著作”遴选项目为基础，主要收录国内各大出版社出版的，各学科领域具有标志性、基础性、前瞻性和引领性的精品专业类图书。

“中文经典学术著作”遴选项目旨在促进和繁荣我国学术著作出版，全面总结和梳理我国学术出版成果，提高学术著作和出版机构的影响力，提高学术出版水平，促进学术著作的广泛传播和应用，优化图书馆资源结构，提升学术创新服务能力，服务国家创新驱动发展战略。

目前，心可书馆已与中华书局、中国人民大学出版社、上海人民出版社、人民邮电出版社、复旦大学出版社、上海辞书出版社等全国上百家出版社签订了版权合作协议，《中国哲学史（上下册）》《国家治理》《红楼梦诗词曲赋鉴赏》《国际金融新编》《经济博弈论》《大数据技术原理与应用》《新闻传播的大数据时代》《新新媒介》《文明的冲突》《战争与和平法》等万余种学术著作精品已入驻心可书馆，让读者享受丰富的文化盛宴！2、贯穿“研学用”全过程，让每一位读者得其书、每一本书尽其用心可书馆集图书检索、专业化推荐、在线研学、在线订阅功能于一体，通过参考文献、引证文献等关联关系，实现图书内容与其它各类文献的深度关联融合，从检索精度、图书对比、资源水平、阅读体验等各个方面为专业读者提供“研学用”全过程服务。

同时，创造性地使用“学科、读者、用途”三者关系的领域本体库，对每本书进行三个要素的规范标引，以“读者”、“学科”为向导，以“用途”为选书目标，帮助读者精准找书。

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The Pocketbook Of Economic Indicators is 2002 Enlace Maestro Inc.All rights reserved . Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above , no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the author and the publisher.The author Manuel Jesus-Backus, and publisher Enlace Maestro Inc., have made their best effort to produce a high quality, informative and helpful book. But they make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the contents of the book. They accept no liability of any kind for any losses or damages caused or alleged to be caused, directly or indirectly,from using the information contained in this book.Table of ContentsTable of Contents (3)Introduction (4)The Pocketbook Of Economic Indicators (5)1. Beige Book (5)2. Chicago Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) (7)3. Consumer Confidence Index (8)4. Consumer Price Index (CPI) (9)5. Durable Goods Orders (11)6. Employment Cost Index (ECI) (13)7. Employment Situation (14)8. Existing Home Sales (16)9. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (17)10. Housing Starts and Building Permits (19)11. Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization (20)12. Initial Claims (22)13. ISM Manufacturing Index (23)14. ISM Services Index (25)15. New Home Sales (27)16. Personal Income and Consumption (28)17. Philadelphia Fed (30)18. Producer Price Index (PPI) (31)19. Retail Sales (33)20. International Trade (35)Appendix A (37)The Economic Calendar (37)Notes (38)About The Author (39)IntroductionIf you have no idea what CPI, PMI, or ECI mean, then you are like most beginning investors. Let me explain these and a few others terms to enhance your knowledge of indicators that affect your investments.Economic indicators are used by the Federal Reserve to monitor inflation. When they reflect inflationary pressure, the Fed will increase interest rates. Conversely, when they show signs of deflation, a decrease of interest rates becomes imminent.Interest rates are important for the economy because they influence the willingness of individuals and businesses to borrow money and make investments. An increase of interest rates will cause a downturn in the economy, while a decrease will fuel an expansion.The purpose of this guide is to explain in simple terms, the twenty economic indicators followed by most investors and analysts. The next time you hear these terms in the media and or financial press, you can use the information in this guide to evaluate their potential effect on the economy and ultimately your portfolio.Invest Smart!Manuel Jesus-BackusThe Portfolio CrafterThe Pocketbook Of Economic Indicators1. Beige BookDefinition: Each Federal Reserve Bank gathers anecdotal information on current economic conditions in its District through reports from Bank and Branch directors and interviews with key businessmen, economists, market experts, and other sources. The Beige Book summarizes this information by District and sector.Importance: The Fed uses this report, along with other indicators, to determine interest rate policy at FOMC meetings. These meetings are held two weeks after the Beige Book's release.If the Beige Book portrays inflationary pressure, the Fed may raise interest rates. Conversely, if the Beige Book portrays recessionary conditions, the Fed may lower interest rates.Source: Federal Reserve Board.Availability: It is released at 2:00pm ET on the Wednesday less than two weeks prior to an FOMC meeting.Frequency: Eight times a year.Revisions: The data are not revised.In The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News2. Chicago Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI)Definition: It's based on surveys of more than 200 purchasing managers regarding the manufacturing industry in the Chicago area whose distribution of manufacturing firms mirrors the national distribution.Importance: Along with the Philadelphia Fed Index, helps to forecast the results of the much more closely watched ISM index, which is released on the following business day. The ISM index is a leading indicator of overall economic activity.Readings above 50 percent indicate an expanding factory sector, while values below 50 are indicative of contraction.Source: Chicago Purchasing Managers Association.Availability: Last business day of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for current month.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised once a year. The significance of this revision is low.In The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News3. Consumer Confidence IndexDefinition: A survey of 5,000 consumers about their attitudes concerning the present situation and expectations regarding economic conditions conducted.Importance: This report can occasionally be helpful in predicting sudden shifts in consumption patterns. And since consumer spending accounts for two-thirds of the economy, it gives us insights about the direction of the economy. However, only index changes of at least five points should be considered significant.Source: The Conference Board.Availability: Last Tuesday of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly based on a more complete survey response. Seasonal factors are updated periodically. The significance of the revision is low.Raw Data:/In The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News4. Consumer Price Index (CPI)Definition: An index that measures the change in price of a representative basket of goods and services such as food, energy, housing, clothing, transportation, medical care, entertainment and education. It's also known as the cost-of-living index.Importance: It's important to monitor the CPI excluding food and energy prices for its monthly stability. This is referred to as the "core CPI" and gives a clearer picture of the underlying inflation trend.The rate of change of the core CPI is one of the key measures of inflation for the US economy. Inflationary pressure is generated when the core CPI posts larger-than-expected gains.Source: Bureau of Labor statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.Availability: Around the 13th of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: Seasonal factors are updated in February with the release of January data. This revision affects the last five years of data. Low significance.Raw Data:/news.release/cpi.toc.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News5. Durable Goods OrdersDefinition: Its official name is Advance Report on Durable Goods Manufacturers' Shipments and Orders. This is a government index that measures the dollar volume of orders, shipments, and unfilled orders of durable goods. Durable goods are new or used items generally with a normal life expectancy of three years or more. Analysts usually exclude defense and transportation orders because of their volatility.Importance: This report gives us information on the strength of demand for US manufactured durable goods, from both domestic and foreign sources. When the index is increasing, it suggests demand is strengthening, which will probably result in rising production and employment. A falling index suggests the opposite.This is also one of the earliest indicators of both consumer and business demand for equipment. Increased expenditures on investment goods reduces the prospect of inflation.Source: The Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce.Availability: Around the 26th of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly for the prior two months to reflect more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced every year. This revision affects at least three years worth of data. The significance of this revision can be substantial.Raw Data:/ftp/pub/indicator/www/m3/index.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News6. Employment Cost Index (ECI)Definition: The ECI is designed to measure the change in the cost of labor, including wages and salaries as well as benefits.Importance: It's useful in evaluating wage trends and the risk of wage inflation. If wage inflation threatens, it's likely that interest rates will rise, then bond and stock prices will fall.Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.Availability: Last business day of January, April, July and October at 8:30am ET. Data for quarter prior.Frequency: Quarterly.Revisions: New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced every year. This revision affects at least five years worth of data. The significance of this revision can be substantial.Raw Data:/news.release/eci.toc.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News7. Employment SituationDefinition: This report lists the number of payroll jobs at all non-farm business establishments and government agencies. The unemployment rate, average hourly and weekly earnings, and the length of the average workweek are also listed in this report. This release is the single most closely watched economic statistic because of its timeliness, accuracy and its importance as an indicator of economic activity. Therefore, it plays a big role in influencing financial market psychology during the month.Importance: Non-farm payroll is a coincident indicator of economic growth. The greater the increase in employment, the faster the total economic growth.An increasing unemployment rate is associated with a contracting economy and declining interest rates. Conversely, a decreasing unemployment rate is associated with an expanding economy and potentially increasing interest rates. The fear is that wages will rise if the unemployment rate becomes too low and workers are hard to find. The economy is considered to be at full employment when unemployment is between 5.5% and 6.0%.If the average earnings is rising sharply, it may be an indication of potential inflation.When the average workweek is trending higher, it forecasts additional employment increases.Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.Availability: First Friday of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly for the prior month. These revisions can occasionally be substantial. There is also an annual revision in June.Raw Data:/news.release/empsit.toc.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News8. Existing Home SalesDefinition: This report measures the selling rate of pre-owned houses. It's considered a decent indicator of activity in the housing sector.Importance: This provides a gauge of not only the demand for housing, but the economic momentum. People have to be financially confident in order to buy a house.Source: The National Association of Realtors.Availability: On the 25th of the month (or on the first business day thereafter) at 10:00am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: MonthlyRevisions: The data are revised monthly for the preceding month. These revisions can be subject to substantial shifts. There is also an annual revision for the preceding three years. A major benchmark is reported every 10 years.Raw Data:/news/releases.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News9. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)Definition: GDP measures the dollar value of all goods and services produced within the borders of the United States, regardless of who owns the assets or the nationality of the labor used in producing that output.Data are available in nominal and real dollars. Investors always monitor the real growth rates because they are adjusted to inflation.Importance: This is the most comprehensive measure of the performance of the US economy. Healthy GDP growth is between 2.0% and 2.5% (when the unemployment rate is between 5.5% and 6.0%). This translates into strong corporate earnings, which bodes well for the stock market.A higher GDP growth leads to accelerating inflation, while lower growth indicates a weak economy.Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.Availability: Third or fourth week of the month at 8:30am ET for the prior quarter, with subsequent revisions released in the second and third months of the quarter.Frequency: Quarterly.Revisions: Revised estimates are released during the second and third months of the quarter based on more complete information. Benchmark data and new seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in July with the release of second quarter data. This revision affects at least three years worth of data. Its significance is moderate.Raw Data:/bea/dn1.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News10. Housing Starts and Building PermitsDefinition: A measure of the number of residential units on which construction is begun each month.Importance: It's used to predict the changes of gross domestic product. While residential investment represents just four percent of the level of GDP, due to its volatility it frequently represents a much higher portion of changes in GDP over relatively short periods of time.Source: The Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce.Availability: Around the 16th of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly for the prior two months to incorporate more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in February with the release of the January data. This revision affects at least three years of data, but its significance is generally small.Raw Data:/ftp/pub/indicator/www/housing.htmlIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News11. Industrial Production and Capacity UtilizationDefinition: The Index of Industrial Production is a chain-weight measure of the physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities. The capacity utilization rate measures the proportion of plant and equipment capacity used in production by these industries.Importance: While the industrial sector of the economy represents only about 25 percent of GDP, changes in GDP are heavily concentrated in the industrial sector. Therefore, changes in The Index of Industrial Production provide useful information on the current growth of GDP.Investors use the capacity utilization rate as an inflation indicator. If it gets above 85%, inflationary pressures are generated.Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.Availability: Around the 15th of the month at 9:15am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly for the prior three months to reflect more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in December. This revision affects at least three years worth of data. Its significance is moderate.Raw Data:/releases/G17/Current/g17.txtIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News12. Initial ClaimsDefinition: A government index that tracks the number of people filing first-time claims for state unemployment insurance.Importance: Investors use this indicator’s four-week moving average to predict trends in the labor market. A move of 30,000 or more in claims shows a substantial change in job growth. Remember that the lower the number of claims, the stronger the job market, and vice versa.Source: The Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor.Availability: Thursday at 8:30am ET. Data for week ended prior Saturday.Frequency: Weekly.Revisions: Revised figures for the previous week are released each Thursday. The significance of these revisions is moderate.Raw Data:/dol/opa/public/media/press/eta/main.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News13. ISM Manufacturing IndexDefinition: The ISM Manufacturing Index is based on surveys of 300 purchasing managers nationwide representing 20 industries regarding manufacturing activity. It covers indicators as new orders, production, employment, inventories, delivery times, prices, export orders, and import orders.Importance: It's considered as the king of all manufacturing indices. Readings of 50% or above are typically associated with an expanding manufacturing sector and a healthy economy, while readings below 50 are associated with contraction.Additionally, its various sub-components contain useful information about manufacturing activity. The production component is related to industrial production, new orders to durable goods orders, employment to factory payrolls, prices to producer prices, export orders to merchandise trade exports and import orders to merchandise imports.The index is seasonally adjusted for the effects of variations within the year, differences due to holidays and institutional changes.Source: Institute for Supply Management, formerly NAPM: National Association of Purchasing Managers.Availability: On the first business day of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are not revised.Raw Data:http://www.ism.wsIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News14. ISM Services IndexDefinition: Also know as the Non-Manufacturing ISM. This index is based on a survey of roughly 370 purchasing executives in industries including finance, insurance, real-estate, communications and utilities. It reports on business activity in the service sector.Importance: Readings above 50% indicate expansion for the non-manufacturing components of the economy. While readings below 50% indicate contraction.The index is seasonally adjusted for the effects of variations within the year, differences due to holidays and institutional changes.This is a new index, created in 1997, so it's not followed as closely by investors as the ISM Manufacturing Index, which dates to the 1940's.Source: Institute for Supply Management, formerly NAPM: National Association of Purchasing Managers.Availability: On the third business day of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are not revised.Raw Data:http://www.ism.wsIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News15. New Home SalesDefinition: Also known as New Single-Family Houses Sold. This report is based on interviews of about 10,000 builders or owners of about 15,000 selected building projects. It measures the number of newly constructed homes with a committed sale during the month.Importance: It's considered a good gauge of near-term spending for housing-related items and of consumer spending in general. However, investors prefers the existing home sales report, which accounts for around 84% of all houses sold and is released earlier in the month.Source: The Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce.Availability: Around the last business day of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: The data are revised monthly for the previous month.Raw Data:/const/c25_curr.txtIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News16. Personal Income and ConsumptionDefinition: Also known as Personal Income and Outlays. Personal Income represents the income that households receive from all sources, including employment, self-employment, investments, and transfer payments.Personal Outlays are consumer spending which is divided into durable goods, non-durable goods, and services.Importance: Income is the major determinant of spending (US consumers spend approximately 95 cents of each new dollar) and consumer spending accounts for two-thirds of the economy. Greater spending spurs corporate profits and benefits the stock market.Source: The Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce.Availability: First business day of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for two months prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: Data for the prior three months are revised monthly to incorporate more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in June. This revision affects at least five years worth of data. Its significance is moderate.Raw Data:/bea/rels.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News17. Philadelphia FedDefinition: Regional manufacturing index that covers Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. This region represents a reasonable cross section of national manufacturing activities.Importance: Readings above 50 percent indicate an expanding factory sector, while values below 50 are indicative of contraction.Along with the Chicago Purchasing Manager's Index, helps to forecast the results of the much more closely watched ISM index. The ISM index is a leading indicator of overall economic activity.Source: The Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank.Availability: Third Thursday of the month at 10:00am ET. Data for the current month.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced near the beginning of each year. The significance of these revisions is moderate.In The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney FortuneSmart Money Yahoo! News18. Producer Price Index (PPI)Definition: The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the average price of a fixed basket of capital and consumer goods at the wholesale level. There are three primary publication structures for the PPI: industry; commodity; and stage-of-processing.Importance: It's important to monitor the PPI excluding food and energy prices for its monthly stability. This is referred as the "core PPI" and gives a clearer picture of the underlying inflation trend.Changes in the core PPI are considered a precursor of consumer price inflation. Inflationary pressure is generated when the core PPI posts larger-than-expected gains.Source: Bureau of Labor statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.Availability: Around the 11th of each month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: Data for the prior three months are revised monthly to incorporate more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in February. This revision affects at least five years worth of data. Its significance is small.Raw Data:/news.release/ppi.toc.htmIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News19. Retail SalesDefinition: This index measures the total sales of goods by all retail establishments in the U.S. (sales of services are not included). These figures are in current dollars, that is, they are not adjusted for inflation. However, the data are adjusted for seasonal, holiday and trading-day differences between the months of the year.Importance: This is considered the most timely indicator of broad consumer spending patterns. It gives you a sense of the trends among different types of retailers. These trends can help you spot specific investment opportunities.It's important to monitor retail sales excluding autos and trucks to avoid the move extreme volatility.Source: The Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce.Availability: Around the 12th of the month at 8:30am ET. Data for month prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: Data for the prior two months are revised monthly to incorporate more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in February. This revision affects at least three years worth of data. Its significance is moderate.Raw Data:/svsd/www/advtable.htmlIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! News20. International TradeDefinition: This report measures the difference between exports and imports of U.S. goods and services.Importance: Imports and exports are important components of aggregate economic activity, representing approximately 14 and 12 percent of GDP respectively. Typically, stronger exports are bullish for corporate earnings and the stock market.Changes in trade balance with particular countries can have implications for foreign exchange and policy with that trading partner, so this report is also important for investors who are interested in diversifying globally.Source: The Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce.Availability: Around the 19th of the month at 8:30 am ET. Data for two months prior.Frequency: Monthly.Revisions: Data for the prior three months are revised monthly to incorporate more complete information. New seasonal adjustment factors are introduced in July. This revision affects at least three years worth of data. Its significance is small.Raw Data:/foreign-trade/www/press.htmlIn The News:BusinessWeek CNNmoney Fortune Smart Money Yahoo! NewsAppendix AThe Economic CalendarYou can receive the weekly Economic Calendar every Monday morning for free by sending an email to: economiccalendar@.Notes-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------About The AuthorManuel Jesus-Backus, also known as The Portfolio Crafter, is an accomplished and successful trader who, after years of research and testing, put together a system to get consistent high monthly returns out of the stock market.With the help of a unique combination of nine different technical indicators, two of them being proprietary, he picks stocks with the greatest short-term potential. That means stocks that can make more than 10% gains in a couple of weeks.His model portfolio has been recently made available to the public at.。