Sample Strategy Maps
共享资料[2015]018号-2 战略地图 (Strategy Maps)
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本文告诉你如何描述、评估及协调无形资产，从而实现卓越绩效、提高盈利 能力。
罗伯特·卡普兰（Robert S. Kaplan） 大卫·诺顿（David P. Norton）
一个组织的战略描述的是该组织打算如何为自己的股东、客户及员工创造价 值。过去十二年来，我们和300多家组织开展了合作；在这个过程中，我们学会 了如何把平衡记分卡（BSC）作为一个描述和实施战略的强效管理工具来用。其 关键在于，设计一个记分卡，专注于代表长期价值创造战略转换成本高
提供广泛的 选择和方便
的使用
提供广泛应用 在稳定的平台
的标准
上提供创新
互补者产生的增值
提供大的 客户群
提供容易使 用的平台和
标准
例如，通过为客户提供同类产品/服务中的最佳购买选择或最低总成本，西 南航空、戴尔、沃尔玛、麦当劳、丰田等不同公司均获得了极大成功。总成本低 这一价值主张的目标应该强调诱人的价格、可靠而上乘的产品质量、得当的选择、 较短的提前期以及购买的便利性（见图1第一行）。
价值主张
公司明确了谁是自己的目标客户之后，就可以确定自己准备提出的价值主张 的目标和指标。价值主张描述了公司向目标客户群提供的独特的产品组合、价格、 服务、关系和形象，明确阐述了公司的客户战略。价值主张应该向客户传达这样 的信息：在客户层面，公司期望比竞争对手做得更好，或者做到与众不同。
图1：不同价值主张的客户目标
内部流程贯彻了战略的两块重要内容：为客户创造并实现价值主张；为提高 财务层面的生产率而改进流程、降低成本。我们将组织的多种内部流程分为四类 （见图2）： 1. 运营管理流程；
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PROEFSCHRIFT
een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica
CONTENTS
1. General introduction ....................................................................................................... 3 2. Introduction to clustering multi-spectral images: a tutorial ...................................... 9 2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................. 10 2.2 Problems for clustering multivariate images ........................................................... 11 2.3 Example images ....................................................................................................... 12 2.4 Similarity Measures ...
战略地图-战略规划介绍PPT模板(共76页)
STRATEGY MAP
Customer
CUSTOMERThe customer is the center of every corporate strategy.
Products, services and image are essential for the company’s success.
Integrating the strategy map into the corporate strategy
The balanced scorecard is the most effective tool for a well-balanced and transparent presentation of corporate strategies.A strategy map visually complements the balanced scorecard – strategy development and communication within the company are optimally presented and supported.
and learning & growth.Limited monetary and non-monetary measures for
strategic planning.
Components
STRATEGY MAP
STRATEGY MAP
Bestandteile
Financial
Customer
Here are three strategic success factors that distinguish a company from the competition:Product Leadership
SWOT分析模型(英文版)
Assessing your strengths
The first two elements of your analysis focus on internal capabilities. Strengths can come from many sources, including your team members, your product line, your bank account, your production process, your patents, or your market share. List your strengths in these and any other relevant categories.
Conduct your own SWOT analysis
A BNET Professional Development Tool Version 2.0 January 29, 2007
Competitive Analysis
Who are my competitors?
How do I analyze them?
is easy to use combines quantitative and qualitative analysis encourages interdepartmental collaboration
To make sure your analysis is put to good use, include these before and after steps in your analysis process:
This competitive analysis tool guides you through the SWOT technique and will help you create your own analysis that can help you set a strategic plan or present new ideas to your team.
设计一个新产品英语作文
设计一个新产品英语作文Introduction:Innovation is the heart of progress, and designing a new product is a thrilling process that combines creativity, market research, and technical expertise. This essay willdelve into the steps involved in designing a new product,from the initial spark of an idea to the final product launch.1. Identifying the Need:The first step in designing a new product is to identify a need or a gap in the market. This involves extensive market research, surveys, and understanding consumer behavior. For instance, if there's a lack of eco-friendly smartphones, this could be the starting point for a new product design.2. Brainstorming Ideas:Once a need is identified, the brainstorming process begins. This stage is all about free-thinking and generating as many ideas as possible without immediate evaluation. Sketches,mind maps, and collaborative sessions are common tools usedto explore various design possibilities.3. Conceptualization:After brainstorming, the best ideas are selected and refined into a more concrete concept. This is where the product'score features and functionalities are decided. The concept should be unique, feasible, and align with the identified need.4. Prototype Development:With a solid concept in place, the next step is to create a prototype. This is a preliminary model of the product that allows designers to test its functionality and ergonomics. Prototypes can be physical, digital, or a combination of both, depending on the product's nature.5. User Testing and Feedback:User testing is crucial to ensure the product meets the needs of the target audience. This stage involves presenting the prototype to a sample group of users and gathering their feedback. Their insights help in making necessary adjustments to the design.6. Design Refinement:Based on user feedback, the product design is refined. This may involve multiple iterations to perfect the look, feel,and functionality of the product. The goal is to strike a balance between aesthetics, usability, and cost-effectiveness.7. Finalizing the Design:Once the design is refined and all feedback is incorporated, the final design is locked. This includes creating detailed blueprints and specifications that will guide the manufacturing process.8. Manufacturing and Production:With the design finalized, the product moves into the production phase. This involves sourcing materials, settingup assembly lines, and ensuring quality control measures arein place.9. Marketing and Promotion:Prior to the product launch, a marketing strategy is developed to create awareness and generate interest. This includes branding, advertising, and promotional campaigns tailored to the target market.10. Launch and Post-Launch Evaluation:The product launch is a significant milestone. After the launch, it's important to monitor sales, gather customer feedback, and assess the product's performance in the market. This information can be used for future improvements or new product designs.Conclusion:Designing a new product is a complex and rewarding process that requires a blend of creativity, strategic planning, and technical know-how. From identifying a need to the final product launch, each step is crucial in bringing a successful product to life. As the market evolves, so must the products that serve it, ensuring a continuous cycle of innovation and improvement.。
考试前做的准备英语作文
考试前做的准备英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Dreadful Exam Season: A Student's Survival GuideAh, exams - the bane of every student's existence. As I sit here, surrounded by mountains of notes and textbooks, the dread sets in. The mere thought of those looming tests fills me with a sense of impending doom. But alas, as a diligent pupil, I must brace myself and prepare for the inevitable academic onslaught. Allow me to share my tried-and-true strategies for navigating this treacherous terrain.First and foremost, organization is key. I learned this the hard way after spending countless hours frantically searching for that elusive formula or definition buried deep within my chaotic notes. Nowadays, I meticulously sort my materials by subject and topic, ensuring that everything is easily accessible when the need arises. Color-coded folders and labeled binders have become my trusty companions in this ordeal.Next up, the dreaded task of memorization. Ah, the joys of committing countless facts and formulas to memory! To conquerthis Herculean feat, I've embraced a multifaceted approach. Flashcards, mind maps, and mnemonics have become my weapons of choice. I've even been known to enlist the help of catchy tunes or silly rhymes to cement the information in my brain. Who knew the periodic table could be so lyrical?Of course, no exam preparation would be complete without practice. I've learned to embrace the power of past papers and sample questions. By simulating the actual exam environment, I can identify my strengths and weaknesses, allowing me to focus my efforts where they are most needed. It's like training for an academic marathon, one question at a time.Amidst the chaos of preparation, self-care is paramount. I've learned the hard way that burning the midnight oil night after night is a surefire path to burnout. That's why I've incorporated regular breaks into my routine. A quick walk, a dance session, or even a few minutes of mindless social media scrolling can do wonders for rejuvenating my mind and body. After all, awell-rested student is a successful student.While the journey to exam day is fraught with challenges,I've found solace in the camaraderie of my fellow sufferers. Study groups have become a lifeline, allowing us to share our struggles, swap strategies, and offer moral support. Misery truly does lovecompany, and together, we can conquer even the most daunting exams.As the big day approaches, I can't help but feel a mix of trepidation and excitement. The anticipation builds, and my nerves are on high alert. But then I remind myself of the countless hours of preparation, the sacrifices made, and the knowledge gained. I am ready, armed with the tools and strategies to tackle whatever challenges lie ahead.When the exam finally arrives, I take a deep breath and channel my inner warrior. This is the moment I've been preparing for, the culmination of weeks, or perhaps months, of hard work. With a clear mind and a steady hand, I dive into the questions, drawing upon the vast reserves of knowledge I've accumulated.As the final seconds tick away, and I scribble down those last few precious answers, a sense of accomplishment washes over me. Regardless of the outcome, I know that I've given my all, and that alone is a victory worth celebrating.And so, the cycle begins anew. As one exam fades into memory, another looms on the horizon. But this time, I approach it with a newfound confidence, armed with the lessons learned and the strategies honed from past battles. For in the world ofacademia, the exam season is a never-ending journey, a constant test of resilience, determination, and intellectual fortitude.Bring it on, exams! This student is ready to conquer you, one question at a time.篇2The Night Before the Big TestLet me take you through the experience of preparing for a huge exam that could make or break my academic future. It's the night before the test, and my mind is racing with thoughts of everything I need to do to get ready.I plop down at my desk, surrounded by a mountain of notes, textbooks, and practice exams. Taking a deep breath, I go through my checklist one more time to make sure I haven't missed anything crucial.First up, I review all the material from class one final time. I flip through pages upon pages of my diligently taken notes,re-reading key concepts and theories. Formulas and dates swim before my eyes as I commit them all to memory through sheer force of will.Next, I dive into working practice problems. Math has always been my weakness, so I spend extra time on those sections, plugging numbers into equations until my head spins. For each incorrect answer, I trace back through my work, trying to pinpoint where I went astray.The literary passages are next - reading comprehension has always been my strong suit. I read through sample texts, analyzing rhetorical devices and main ideas like a pro. I can't help feeling a surge of confidence as I sprint through the questions.A glance at the clock shows it's already 1am, but there's still so much ground to cover. I switch gears to the essay-writing section, outlining potential prompts and brainstorming key points to hit. My pen furiously scribbles across the page as I draft a timed practice essay. I read it back, cringing at some clumsy phrasing but adjusting where needed.The grueling slog continues as I dive into the science unit - the bane of my existence. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, right? I try my best to hammer all those pesky facts and figures into my brain through endless repetition.Just as I'm verging on delirium, consumed by thoughts of covalent bonds and metamorphic rock types, my mom pokes herhead in. "Don't stay up too late studying!" she chides. I grunt some semblance of a reply, eyes glued to the pages before me.At long last, I feel I've gone through all the material I can humanly process in one night. I glance at the clock again - it's 4:30am already?! When did that happen?Adrenaline is coursing through my veins at this point, so I spend the remaining hours before the exam meticulously going through my pencil case, making sure I have multiple sharpened pencils, erasers, calculator batteries, and all the other tools I'll need for battle.As the first rays of dawn creep through my window, I force down a nutrition bar and some water, knowing full well that nerves will prevent me from eating much else. Looking around at the scattered remnants of my study materials, I can feel the weight of pressure and expectation heavy on my shoulders.Deep breaths. I've prepared as well as I possibly could have. All that's left now is to harness my confidence, keep my wits about me, and apply everything I've learned.It's go time.篇3Exam Preparation: A Student's PerspectiveAs a student, one of the most daunting and nerve-wracking experiences is the looming presence of exams. These tests, which carry so much weight in determining our academic success, can either pave the way for future opportunities or create insurmountable obstacles. Preparing for exams is a delicate balance of diligence, time management, and self-care, and it's a process that requires both mental fortitude and strategic planning.The first step in my exam preparation journey is always creating a comprehensive study plan. I meticulously go through each subject, breaking down the vast expanse of material into manageable chunks. This process involves identifying the key concepts, theories, and formulas that are likely to appear on the exam. I then allocate specific time slots for each topic, ensuring that I cover the most challenging areas first while still leaving enough time for revision and practice.One of the most valuable lessons I've learned is the importance of active learning. Passive reading or mindless memorization rarely yields long-lasting understanding. Instead, I engage in various active learning techniques, such as creating mind maps, flashcards, and practice questions. These methodsnot only help reinforce the material but also expose my weaknesses, allowing me to focus my efforts where they are most needed.Time management is a critical component of my exam preparation strategy. I create a detailed schedule that balances study time with breaks, meals, and some leisure activities. Adhering to this schedule helps me maintain a sense of structure and prevents burnout or overwhelming stress. I've learned that taking regular breaks to recharge and engage in activities I enjoy, such as listening to music or going for a walk, can significantly improve my productivity and mental well-being.Of course, no exam preparation would be complete without practice tests and mock exams. These simulations not only help me gauge my understanding of the material but also acclimatize me to the exam environment and time constraints. I treat these practice tests with the same seriousness as the actual exam, mimicking the conditions as closely as possible. Afterward, I meticulously analyze my performance, identifying areas that require further attention and adjusting my study plan accordingly.Collaboration and peer support have also proven invaluable during my exam preparation journey. I often form study groupswith classmates or friends, where we can share notes, discuss concepts, and quiz each other. These group sessions not only reinforce my understanding but also provide a supportive environment where we can motivate and encourage one another.In the final weeks leading up to the exams, my focus shifts to revision and consolidation. I review my notes, practice questions, and any areas of weakness identified during my practice tests. This phase is crucial for solidifying my understanding and ensuring that the material is firmly embedded in my long-term memory.However, amidst the intense preparation, I've learned the importance of self-care and maintaining a balanced lifestyle. Proper rest, a nutritious diet, and regular exercise are essential for maintaining mental clarity and focus. I make conscious efforts to prioritize these aspects, recognizing that neglecting mywell-being can undermine all my hard work and preparation.As the exam day approaches, I consciously work on managing my anxiety and stress levels. Deep breathing exercises, positive self-talk, and visualizing success have become invaluable tools in my arsenal. I remind myself that I have put inthe hard work and preparation, and that the exam is simply an opportunity to showcase my knowledge and abilities.The moments leading up to the exam are often filled with a mixture of anticipation and trepidation. However, I've learned to channel that energy into a sense of determination and focus. As I enter the exam room, I take a deep breath and remind myself of the countless hours I've dedicated to preparation. I approach each question with a clear mind, recalling the strategies and techniques I've practiced, and trusting in my ability to apply my knowledge effectively.After the exam, regardless of the outcome, I make it a point to reflect on the experience. I analyze what worked well and what areas I could improve upon for future exams. This self-reflection not only helps me identify areas for growth but also reinforces the valuable lessons I've learned throughout the preparation process.Preparing for exams is a journey that demands resilience, discipline, and a growth mindset. It's a process that tests not only our academic knowledge but also our ability to manage stress, prioritize our well-being, and persevere in the face of challenges. While the path may be arduous, the sense of accomplishmentand personal growth that comes from successfully navigating this experience is truly invaluable.As I continue my academic journey, I carry with me the lessons learned from each exam preparation cycle. I understand that success is not solely determined by the outcome of a single test but by the dedication, effort, and resilience I demonstrate throughout the process. With each exam, I emerge stronger, more confident, and better equipped to tackle the challenges that lie ahead.。
调研报告英文
调研报告英文Research Report Writing: Cases and TipsA research report is a common document in academic, business, and public sectors. It is designed to present findings and insights from systematic investigations of one or more research questions or hypotheses. The purpose of a research report is to communicate the scope, methods, results, and implications of a study to a particular audience, such as fellow researchers, managers, clients, investors, or policymakers. Writing a good research report requires a good command of research methods, data analysis, and presentation skills. In this article, we will introduce three cases of research reports and offer some tips and guidelines for writing effective research reports.Case 1: A Marketing Research Report on Social Media Usage for a Fashion BrandA marketing research firm was hired by a fashion brand to investigate the social media habits of its target audience. The goal was to gain insights into what types of content, platforms, and influencers the audience liked and disliked, how they used social media for fashion-related interactions, and what factors motivated them to follow or unfollow the brand. The study involved a sample of 500 female consumers aged 18-35, who were recruited from social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. The data were collected through a mix of online surveys, focus groups, and social listening tools. The findings showed that the audience preferred visual and interactive content, such as short videos, live streaming, and AR/VR experiences, and that theytended to follow celebrities and micro-influencers who shared authentic and relatable experiences. The recommendations for the brand included developing a social media strategy that aligned with the audience's preferences and behaviors, collaborating with selected influencers to create high-quality content, and monitoring the social media performance through analytics tools.Tips:- Define the research problem clearly and concisely, and specify the research objectives and hypotheses.- Use a representative and relevant sample, and employ appropriate sampling methods and size estimation.- Combine multiple data sources and methods to increase the validity and reliability of the data collection and analysis.- Use appropriate data analysis techniques and software tools, and present the results in an engaging and informative way.- Draw insightful and actionable conclusions and recommendations based on the research findings, and provide clear evidence and rationale for them.Case 2: A Scientific Research Report on the Effects of Climate Change on Forest EcosystemsA team of environmental scientists conducted a longitudinal study on the impacts of climate change on the growth, health, and biodiversity of forest ecosystems in a mountainous area. The study involved a combination of field observations, experiments, and remote sensing data analysis, and covered a period of 15 years. The research questions included how different climatic factorsaffected the phenology and productivity of tree species, how the changes in vegetation patterns influenced the carbon uptake and release of the forests, and how the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors affected the insect populations and their ecological roles. The findings showed that the warmer and drier conditions had negative effects on the growth and survival of some tree species, while benefiting others, and that the changes in vegetation structure and composition altered the carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling of the forests. The recommendations for the forest management included adapting the silvicultural practices to the changing climate, adopting more diverse and resistant tree species, and preserving the forest areas that served as biodiversity hotspots.Tips:- Frame the research questions in a clear and testable way, and contextualize them within the relevant theoretical and empirical literature.- Conduct the study in a systematic, controlled, and standardized way, and minimize the sources of bias and confounding factors.- Use appropriate statistical methods and models to test the hypotheses and analyze the data, and report the results in a transparent and comprehensive way.- Use visual aids, such as graphs, maps, and images, to enhance the clarity and persuasiveness of the data presentation and interpretation.- Discuss the implications and significance of the study for the scientific field, public policy, and social awareness, and suggest future research directions and limitations.Case 3: A Business Research Report on the Customer Satisfaction of an E-commerce PlatformA customer service department of an e-commerce platform conducted a survey on the customer satisfaction of its users, aiming to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the platform, as well as the needs and expectations of the customers. The survey was administered to a random sample of 1000 users, who were asked to rate their satisfaction on various aspects of the platform, such as ordering process, product quality, delivery time, customer support, and overall experience. The data were collected through an online questionnaire, and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed that the users were generally satisfied with the platform, but there were some areas that needed improvement, such as faster delivery, more personalized recommendations, and clearer policies and procedures. The recommendations for the platform included streamlining the order tracking and delivery systems, using predictive analytics to customize the user interface and recommendations, and enhancing the human touch and empathy of the customer service.Tips:- Define the population and sample of the study, and use appropriate sampling and data collection methods to ensure the representativeness and reliability of the data.- Design the questionnaire in a user-friendly and non-biased way, and pre-test it with a pilot study or a focus group.- Use appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics to analyzethe data, and report the results in a concise and informative way. - Use tables, charts, and graphs to highlight the key findings and make them more accessible and visually appealing.- Provide actionable and feasible recommendations for the business based on the research results, and emphasize the value and impact of the research for the business growth and sustainability.Overall, writing a research report requires a combination of skills and techniques, such as planning, drafting, revising, editing, and proofreading. The key is to have a clear and structured outline, a logical and coherent argument, and a professional and engaging style. By following these cases and tips, you can improve your research report writing skills and achieve your research goals more effectively.In addition, it is important to consider the intended audience of the research report and tailor the content and tone accordingly. For example, a report intended for a scientific community may require a more formal and technical style, with detailed descriptions of the methodology and results, while a report intended for a business or policy audience may require a more concise and actionable style, with emphasis on the practical implications and recommendations.Another crucial aspect of research report writing is to ensure the ethical and legal compliance of the study. This includes obtaining informed consent from the participants, protecting their privacy and confidentiality, avoiding plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and citing the sources accurately and appropriately. Moreover, it is necessary to follow the ethical codes and guidelines of the relevant professional associations or regulatory bodies, and to report any potential conflicts of interest or biases.In summary, writing a research report is a challenging yet rewarding task that requires attention to detail, creativity, and critical thinking. By following the cases and tips presented in this article, you can enhance your research skills, increase your impact and visibility, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge and practice in your field.好的，那我接着写。
嫦娥计划英文介绍
IntroductionChina's ambitious and groundbreaking space exploration initiative, the Chang'e Program, represents a significant stride in humanity's quest to understand and harness the potential of Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon. Named after the Chinese goddess of the Moon, Chang'e, this comprehensive, multi-phase lunar exploration program embodies the nation's commitment to advancing space science, technology, and international cooperation. This detailed account delves into the history, objectives, milestones, and future prospects of the Chang'e Program, providing a comprehensive overview of its remarkable achievements and its profound impact on global space exploration.Historical Background and Program ObjectivesLaunched in 2004, the Chang'e Program was established as part of China's National Space Administration's (CNSA) long-term strategy to develop indigenous space capabilities and contribute to the global understanding of our lunar neighbor. The program is structured into four distinct phases, each with specific objectives designed to incrementally advance China's lunar exploration prowess:1. **Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 (2007-2010):** These initial missions aimed to gather comprehensive data on the Moon's surface topography, mineral composition, and environment, laying the groundwork for future landing and sample return endeavors.2. **Chang'e-3 and Chang'e-4 (2013-2019):** These missions marked China's first soft landings on the Moon, with Chang'e-3 deploying the Yutu rover on the near side and Chang'e-4 making the historic first-ever landing on the far side, demonstrating advanced landing, roving, and communication technologies.3. **Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 (2020-present):** These missions focus on the complex task of automated sample collection and return to Earth, providing invaluable geological samples for scientific analysis and deepening our understanding of the Moon's formation and evolution.4. **Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 (planned):** The final phase will involve establishing a robotic research station near the Moon's south pole, conductingin-situ resource utilization experiments, and laying the foundation for possible future human exploration.Key Milestones and Technological AchievementsThe Chang'e Program has achieved several landmark milestones that have not only advanced China's space capabilities but also contributed significantly to global lunar knowledge:**Lunar Mapping and Remote Sensing:** Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 orbited the Moon, mapping its surface with unprecedented detail and precision. They produced high-resolution topographic maps, analyzed the distribution of minerals and elements, and studied the lunar environment, including the radiation environment and the interaction between the solar wind and the lunar surface.**First Soft Landings and Roving Missions:** Chang'e-3 and Chang'e-4 successfully executed soft landings on the Moon, deploying the Yutu and Yutu-2 rovers respectively. These rovers conducted in-situ observations and analyses, investigating the geology, mineralogy, and shallow lunar subsurface structure. Chang'e-4's landing on the far side of the Moon was particularly groundbreaking, requiring the establishment of the Queqiao relay satellite to facilitate communication with Earth.**Automated Sample Return:** Chang'e-5 completed a complex mission involving lunar orbit rendezvous, docking, and high-speed re-entry, returning the first fresh lunar samples to Earth in over four decades. The 1.73 kg of collected samples have already yielded valuable insights into the Moon's volcanic history and potential water content, enriching our understanding of the lunar evolution and providing a benchmark for comparative planetary studies.**International Collaboration and Open Science:** The Chang'e Program actively fosters international collaboration, sharing data and findings with the global scientific community. The CNSA has invited international payloads on Chang'e missions, and the data from Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 were released publicly, contributing to global lunar research efforts. The Chang'e-4 landing site was named 'Statio Tianhe' by the International Astronomical Union,reflecting the program's growing international recognition.Future Prospects and ImplicationsLooking ahead, the Chang'e Program is poised to achieve even more groundbreaking milestones:**Establishing a Robotic Research Station:** Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 will focus on exploring the Moon's south polar region, which is believed to harbor water ice and other resources crucial for sustained lunar exploration and potential utilization. These missions will conduct comprehensive surveys, deploy landers and rovers, and test in-situ resource utilization technologies, paving the way for a sustainable lunar presence.**Enabling Human Exploration:** The technological advancements and operational experience gained through the Chang'e Program directly support China's ambitions for crewed lunar missions under the Chinese Manned Space Program. The planned robotic research station at the lunar south pole could serve as a precursor to a crewed lunar base, furthering international aspirations for long-term human presence on the Moon.**Scientific Discoveries and Advancements:** The continued analysis of returned lunar samples and the data gathered by Chang'e missions will undoubtedly yield new insights into the Moon's formation, evolution, and potential resources. These discoveries may have implications for our understanding of the solar system's early history and the prospects for extraterrestrial life.**Economic and Strategic Benefits:** The development of advanced space technologies and expertise through the Chang'e Program contributes to China's economic growth, fostering innovation in sectors such as materials science, robotics, and telecommunications. Moreover, lunar exploration bolsters China's strategic position in the global space arena, enhancing its diplomatic influence and potential for international cooperation.ConclusionThe Chang'e Program stands as a testament to China's unwavering commitment to advancing space exploration and scientific discovery. Through meticulousplanning, innovative engineering, and robust international collaboration, the program has achieved numerous milestones, significantly expanding our understanding of the Moon and positioning China as a leading force in global lunar exploration. As the program continues to push the boundaries of space exploration with upcoming missions, it promises to unlock new scientific insights, facilitate groundbreaking technological developments, and pave the way for sustained human presence on the Moon, ultimately reshaping humanity's relationship with our celestial neighbor.Due to the character limit, this condensed version of the Chang'e Program introduction covers approximately ¼ of the requested word count. To fully meet the 1453-word requirement, each section would need to be expanded upon significantly, delving deeper into specific mission details, scientific findings, technological innovations, and the broader implications of the program for global space exploration, international cooperation, and China's strategic interests.。
工作分析和工作计划英文
Potential Problems with Job Analysis
Table 5.2
Contents of a Job Description
A job description should be a formal, written document, usually from one to three pages long. It should include the following:
solving.
processing activities are involved Coding/decoding.
in performing the job?
What physical activities does the Use of keyboard devices. employee perform, and what tools Assembling/disassembling. or devices are used?
Physical activities
Relationships with other people Job context Other job characteristics
Description
Examples
Where and how does the
Use of written materials.
employee get the information used Near-visual differentiation.
in performing the job?
What reasoning, decision-making, Level of reasoning in problem
研究生专业词汇
2-dimensional space3D mapabstractaccess dataAccessibilityaccuracyacquisitionad-hocadjacencyadventaerial photographsAge of dataagglomerationaggregateairborneAlbers Equal-Area Conic projection (ALBER alignalphabeticalphanumericalphanumericalalternativealternativealtitudeameliorateanalogue mapsancillaryANDannotationanomalousapexapproachappropriatearcarc snap tolerancearealAreal coverageARPA abbr.Advanced Research Projects Agen arrangementarrayartificial intelligenceArtificial Neural Networks (ANN) aspatialaspectassembleassociated attributeattributeattribute dataautocorrelationautomated scanningazimuthazimuthalbar chartbiasbinary encodingblock codingBoolean algebrabottombottom leftboundbreak linebufferbuilt-incamouflagecardinalcartesian coordinate system cartographycatchmentcellcensuscentroidcentroid-to-centroidCGI (Common Gateway Interface) chain codingchainscharged couple devices (ccd) children (node)choropleth mapclass librariesclassesclustercodecohesivelycoilcollinearcolumncompactcompasscompass bearingcomplete spatial randomness (CSR) componentcompositecomposite keysconcavityconcentricconceptual modelconceptuallyconduitConformalconformal projectionconic projectionconnectivityconservativeconsortiumcontainmentcontiguitycontinuouscontourcontour layercontrol pointsconventionconvertcorecorrelogramcorrespondencecorridorCostcost density fieldcost-benefit analysis (CBA)cost-effectivecouplingcovariancecoveragecoveragecriteriacriteriacriterioncross-hairscrosshatchcross-sectioncumbersomecustomizationcutcylindrical projectiondangledangle lengthdangling nodedash lineDATdata base management systems (DBMS) data combinationdata conversiondata definition language (DDL)data dictionarydata independencedata integritydata itemdata maintenancedata manipulationData manipulation and query language data miningdata modeldata representationdata tabledata typedatabasedateDBAdebris flowdebugdecadedecibeldecision analysisdecision makingdecomposededicateddeductiveDelaunay criterionDelaunay triangulationdelete(erase)delineatedemarcationdemographicdemonstratedenominatorDensity of observationderivativedetectabledevisediagonaldictatedigital elevation model (DEM)digital terrain model (DTM) digitizedigitizedigitizerdigitizing errorsdigitizing tablediscrepancydiscretediscretedisparitydispersiondisruptiondissecteddisseminatedissolvedistance decay functionDistributed Computingdividedomaindot chartdraftdragdrum scannersdummy nodedynamic modelingeasy-to-useecologyelicitingeliminateellipsoidellipticityelongationencapsulationencloseencodeentity relationship modelingentity tableentryenvisageepsilonequal area projectionequidistant projectionerraticerror detection & correctionError Maperror varianceessenceet al.EuclideanEuclidean 2-spaceexpected frequencies of occurrences explicitexponentialextendexternal and internal boundaries external tablefacetfacilityfacility managementfashionFAT (file allocation table)faultyfeaturefeaturefeedbackfidelityfieldfield investigationfield sports enthusiastfields modelfigurefile structurefillingfinenessfixed zoom infixed zoom outflat-bed scannerflexibilityforefrontframe-by framefreefrom nodefrom scratchfulfillfunction callsfuzzyFuzzy set theorygantrygenericgeocodinggeocomputationgeodesygeographic entitygeographic processgeographic referencegeographic spacegeographic/spatial information geographical featuresgeometricgeometric primitive geoprocessinggeoreferencegeo-relational geosciences geospatialgeo-spatial analysis geo-statisticalGiven that GNOMONIC projection grain tolerance graticulegrey scalegridhand-drawnhand-heldhandicaphandlehand-written header recordheftyheterogeneity heterogeneous heuristichierarchical hierarchicalhill shading homogeneoushosthouseholdshuehumichurdlehydrographyhyper-linkedi.e.Ideal Point Method identicalidentifiable identification identifyilluminateimageimpedanceimpedanceimplementimplementimplicationimplicitin excess of…in respect ofin terms ofin-betweeninbuiltinconsistencyincorporationindigenousinformation integration infrastructureinherentinheritanceinlandinstanceinstantiationintegerintegrateinteractioninteractiveinteractiveinternet protocol suite Internet interoperabilityinterpolateinterpolationinterrogateintersectintersectionIntersectionInterval Estimation Method intuitiveintuitiveinvariantinventoryinvertedirreconcilableirreversibleis adjacent tois completely withinis contained iniso-iso-linesisopleth mapiterativejunctionkeyframekrigingKriginglaglanduse categorylatitudelatitude coordinatelavalayerlayersleaseleast-cost path analysisleftlegendlegendlegendlength-metriclie inlightweightlikewiselimitationLine modelline segmentsLineage (=history)lineamentlinearline-followinglitho-unitlocal and wide area network logarithmiclogicallogicallongitudelongitude coordinatemacro languagemacro-like languagemacrosmainstreammanagerialmanual digitizingmany-to-one relationMap scalemarshalmaskmatricesmatrixmeasured frequencies of occurrences measurementmedialMercatorMercator projectionmergemergemeridiansmetadatameta-datametadatamethodologymetric spaceminimum cost pathmirrormis-representmixed pixelmodelingmodularmonochromaticmonolithicmonopolymorphologicalmosaicmovemoving averagemuiticriteria decision making (MCDM) multispectralmutually exclusivemyopicnadirnatureneatlynecessitatenestednetworknetwork analysisnetwork database structurenetwork modelnodenodenode snap tolerancenon-numerical (character)non-spatialnon-spatial dataNormal formsnorth arrowNOTnovicenumber of significant digit numeric charactersnumericalnumericalobject-based modelobjectiveobject-orientedobject-oriented databaseobstacleomni- a.on the basis ofOnline Analytical Processing (OLAP) on-screen digitizingoperandoperatoroptimization algorithmORorderorganizational schemeoriginorthogonalORTHOGRAPHIC projectionortho-imageout ofoutcomeoutgrowthoutsetovaloverdueoverheadoverlapoverlayoverlay operationovershootovershootspackagepairwisepanpanelparadigmparent (node)patchpath findingpatternpatternpattern recognitionperceptionperspectivepertain phenomenological photogrammetric photogrammetryphysical relationships pie chartpilotpitpixelplanarplanar Euclidean space planar projection platformplotterplotterplottingplug-inpocketpoint entitiespointerpoint-modepointspolar coordinates polishingpolygonpolylinepolymorphism precautionsprecisionpre-designed predeterminepreferences pregeographic space Primary and Foreign keys primary keyprocess-orientedprofileprogramming tools projectionprojectionproprietaryprototypeproximalProximitypseudo nodepseudo-bufferpuckpuckpuckPythagorasquadquadrantquadtreequadtree tessellationqualifyqualitativequantitativequantitativequantizequasi-metricradar imageradii bufferrangelandrank order aggregation method ranking methodrasterRaster data modelraster scannerRaster Spatial Data Modelrating methodrational database structureready-madeready-to-runreal-timerecordrecreationrectangular coordinates rectificationredundantreference gridreflexivereflexive nearest neighbors (RNN) regimeregisterregular patternrelationrelationalrelational algebra operators relational databaseRelational joinsrelational model relevancereliefreliefremarkremote sensingremote sensingremote sensingremotely-sensed repositoryreproducible resemblanceresembleresemplingreshaperesideresizeresolutionresolutionrespondentretrievalretrievalretrievalretrieveridgerightrobustrootRoot Mean Square (RMS) rotateroundaboutroundingrowrow and column number run-length codingrun-length encoded saddle pointsalientsamplesanitarysatellite imagesscalablescalescanscannerscannerscannerscarcescarcityscenarioschemascriptscrubsecurityselectselectionself-descriptiveself-documentedsemanticsemanticsemi-automatedsemi-major axessemi-metricsemi-minor axessemivariancesemi-variogram modelsemi-varogramsensorsequencesetshiftsillsimultaneous equations simultaneouslysinusoidalskeletonslide-show-stylesliverslope angleslope aspectslope convexitysnapsnapsocio-demographic socioeconomicspagettiSpatial Autocorrelation Function spatial correlationspatial dataspatial data model for GIS spatial databaseSpatial Decision Support Systems spatial dependencespatial entityspatial modelspatial relationshipspatial relationshipsspatial statisticsspatial-temporalspecificspectralspherical spacespheroidsplined textsplitstakeholdersstand alonestandard errorstandard operationsstate-of-the-artstaticSTEREOGRAPHIC projection STEREOGRAPHIC projection stereoplotterstorage spacestovepipestratifiedstream-modestrideStructured Query Language(SQL) strung outsubdivisionsubroutinesubtractionsuitesupercedesuperimposesurrogatesurveysurveysurveying field data susceptiblesymbolsymbolsymmetrytaggingtailoredtake into account of … tangencytapetastefullyTelnettentativeterminologyterraceterritorytessellatedtextureThe Equidistant Conic projection (EQUIDIS The Lambert Conic Conformal projection (L thematicthematic mapthemeThiessen mapthird-partythresholdthroughputthrust faulttictiertiletime-consumingto nodetolerancetonetopographic maptopographytopologicaltopological dimensiontopological objectstopological structuretopologically structured data set topologytopologytrade offtrade-offTransaction Processing Systems (TPS) transformationtransposetremendousTriangulated Irregular Network (TIN) trimtrue-direction projectiontupleunbiasednessuncertaintyunchartedundershootsunionunionupupdateupper- mosturban renewaluser-friendlyutilityutility functionvaguevalidityvarianceVariogramvectorvector spatial data model vendorverbalversusvertexvetorizationviablevice versavice versaview of databaseview-onlyvirtualvirtual realityvisibility analysisvisualvisualizationvitalVoronoi Tesselationvrticeswatershedweedweed toleranceweighted summation method whilstwithin a distance ofXORzoom inzoom out三维地图摘要，提取，抽象访问数据可获取性准确，准确度 （与真值的接近程度）获得，获得物，取得特别邻接性出现,到来航片数据年龄聚集聚集，集合空运的, （源自）航空的,空中的艾伯特等面积圆锥投影匹配，调准，校直字母的字母数字的字母数字混合编制的替换方案替代的海拔，高度改善,改良,改进模拟地图，这里指纸质地图辅助的和注解不规则的，异常的顶点方法适合于…弧段弧捕捉容限来自一个地区的、 面状的面状覆盖范围(美国国防部)高级研究计划署排列，布置数组，阵列人工智能人工神经网络非空间的方面， 方向， 方位， 相位，面貌采集，获取关联属性属性属性数据自动扫描方位角，方位，地平经度方位角的条状图偏差二进制编码分块编码布尔代数下左下角给…划界断裂线缓冲区分析内置的伪装主要的，重要的，基本的笛卡儿坐标系制图、制图学流域，集水区像元，单元人口普查质心质心到质心的公共网关接口链式编码链电荷耦合器件子节点地区分布图类库类群编码内聚地线圈在同一直线上的列压缩、压紧罗盘， 圆规， 范围 v.包围方位角完全空间随机性组成部分复合的、混合的复合码凹度，凹陷同心的概念模型概念上地管道,导管,沟渠,泉水,喷泉保形（保角）的等角投影圆锥投影连通性保守的，守旧的社团,协会,联盟包含关系相邻性连续的轮廓,等高线,等值线等高线层控制点习俗，惯例，公约，协定转换核心相关图符合，对应走廊, 通路费用花费密度域，路径权值成本效益分析有成本效益的，划算的结合协方差面层，图层覆盖，覆盖范围标准，要求标准，判据，条件标准，判据，条件十字丝以交叉线作出阴影截面麻烦的用户定制剪切圆柱投影悬挂悬挂长度悬挂的节点点划线数据文件的扩展名数据库管理系统数据合并数据变换数据定义语言数据字典与数据的无关数据的完整性数据项数据维护数据操作数据操作和查询语言数据挖掘数据模型数据表示法数据表数据类型数据库日期数据库管理员泥石流调试十年，十，十年期分贝决策分析决策，判定分解专用的推论的，演绎的狄拉尼准则狄拉尼三角形删除描绘划分人口统计学的说明分母，命名者观测密度引出的，派生的可察觉的发明，想出对角线的，斜的要求数字高程模型数字地形模型数字化数字化数字化仪数字化误差数字化板，数字化桌差异，矛盾不连续的，离散的不连续的，离散的不一致性分散，离差中断，分裂，瓦解，破坏切开的，分割的发散，发布分解距离衰减函数分布式计算分割域点状图草稿，起草拖拽滚筒式扫描仪伪节点动态建模容易使用的生态学导出消除椭球椭圆率伸长包装，封装围绕编码实体关系建模实体表进入,登记想像,设想,正视,面对希腊文的第五个字母ε等积投影等距投影不稳定的误差检查和修正误差图误差离散，误差方差本质，本体，精华以及其他人，等人欧几里得的，欧几里得几何学的欧几里得二维空间期望发生频率明显的指数的延伸内外边界外部表格(多面体的)面工具设备管理样子，方式文件分配表有过失的，不完善的（地理）要素，特征要素反馈诚实，逼真度，重现精度字段现场调查户外运动发烧友场模型外形， 数字，文件结构填充精细度以固定比例放大以固定比例缩小平板式扫描仪弹性，适应性，机动性，挠性最前沿逐帧无…的起始节点从底层完成，实现函数调用模糊的模糊集合论构台,桶架, 跨轨信号架通用的地理编码地理计算大地测量地理实体地理（数据处理）过程地理参考地理空间地理信息，空间信息地理要素几何的，几何学的几何图元地理（数据）处理过程地理坐标参考地理关系的地球科学地理空间的地学空间分析地质统计学的假设心射切面投影颗粒容差地图网格灰度栅格,格网手绘的手持的障碍，难点处置、处理手写的头记录重的,强健的异质性异构的启发式的层次层次的山坡（体）阴影图均匀的、均质的主机家庭色调腐植的困难，阻碍水文地理学超链接的即，换言之，也就是理想点法相同的可识别的、标识识别阐明图像，影像全电阻，阻抗阻抗实现，履行履行,实现牵连,暗示隐含的超过…关于根据…在中间的嵌入的，内藏的不一致性，矛盾性结合，组成公司(或社团)内在的,本土的信息集成基础设施固有的继承，遗传， 遗产内陆的实例，例子实例，个例化整数综合，结合相互作用交互式的交互式的协议组互操作性内插插值询问相交交集、逻辑的乘交区间估值法直觉的直觉的不变量存储，存量反向的，倒转的，倒置的互相对立的不能撤回的，不能取消的相邻完全包含于包含于相等的，相同的线族等值线图迭代的接合,汇接点主帧克里金内插法克里金法标签，标记间隙，迟滞量土地利用类别纬度 （B）纬度坐标熔岩，火山岩图层图层出租，租用最佳路径分析左图例图例图例长度量测在于小型的同样地限制，限度，局限线模型线段谱系，来源容貌，线性构造线性的，长度的，直线的线跟踪的岩性单元局域和广域网对数的逻辑的逻辑的经度 （L）经度坐标宏语言类宏语言宏主流管理人的， 管理的手工数字化多对一的关系地图比例尺排列,集合掩膜matrix 的复数矩阵实测发生频率量测中间的合并墨卡托墨卡托投影法合并合并，融合子午线元数据元数据，也可写为 metadata元数据方法学，方法论度量空间最佳路径镜像错误表示混合像素建模模块化的单色的,单频整体的垄断， 专利权， 专卖形态学镶嵌, 镶嵌体移动移动平均数多准则决策分析多谱线的,多谱段的相互排斥的短视，没有远见的最低点，天底，深渊，最底点本性，性质整洁地成为必要嵌套的、巢状的网络网络分析网状数据库结构网络模型节点节点节点捕捉容限非数值的(字符)非空间的非空间数据范式指北针非新手，初学者有效位数数字字符数值的数值的基于对象的模型客观的，目标的面向对象的模型面向对象的数据库阻碍全能的，全部的以…为基础在线分析处理屏幕数字化运算对象，操作数算子，算符，操作人员优化算法或次，次序组织方案原点，起源，由来直角的，直交的正射投影正射影像缺少结果长出，派出，结果，副产物开头 ，开端卵形的，椭圆形的迟到的管理费用重叠，叠加叠加叠置运算超出过头线软件包成对(双)地，两个两个地平移面,板范例、父节点补钉，碎片，斑点路径搜索图案式样,图案, 模式模式识别感觉，概念，理解力透视图从属， 有关， 适合现象学的，现象的摄影测量的摄影测量物理关系饼图导航洼坑象素平面的平面欧几里得空间平面投影平台绘图仪绘图仪绘图插件便携式，袖珍式，小型的点实体指针点方式点数，分数极坐标抛光多边形多义线，折线多形性，多态现象预防措施精确， 精度（多次测量结果之间的敛散程度） 预定义的，预设计的预定、预先偏好先地理空间主外键主码面向处理的纵剖面、轮廓编程工具投影投影所有权,业主原型，典型最接近的,近侧的接近性假的, 伪的伪节点缓冲区查询（数字化仪）鼠标数字化鼠标鼠标毕达哥拉斯方庭，四方院子象限，四分仪四叉树四叉树方格限定，使合格定性的量的定量的、数量的使量子化准量测雷达影像以固定半径建立缓冲区牧场，放牧地等级次序集合法等级评定法栅格栅格数据模型栅格扫描仪栅格空间数据模型分数评定法关系数据结构现成的随需随运行的实时记录娱乐平面坐标纠正多余的，过剩的， 冗余的参考网格自反的自反最近邻体制，状态，方式配准规则模式关系关系关系代数运算符关系数据库关系连接中肯，关联，适宜，适当地势起伏，减轻地势的起伏评论，谈论，谈到遥感遥感遥感遥感的知识库可再产生的相似，相似性，相貌相似类似，像重取样调整形状居住， 驻扎调整大小分辨率分辨率回答者，提取检索检索检索高压脊右稳健的根部均方根旋转迂回的舍入的、凑整的行行和列的编号游程长度编码行程编码鞍点显著的，突出的，跳跃的，凸出的样品, 标本, 样本卫生状况卫星影像可升级的比例尺扫描扫描仪扫描仪扫描仪缺乏，不足情节模式脚本，过程（文件）灌木安全， 安全性选择选择自定义的自编程的语义的，语义学的语义的，语义学的半自动化长半轴半量测短半轴半方差半变差模型半变差图传感器次序集合、集、组改变， 移动基石,岩床联立方程同时地正弦的骨骼，骨架滑动显示模式裂片坡度坡向坡的凸凹性咬合捕捉社会人口统计学的社会经济学的意大利面条自相关函数空间相互关系空间数据GIS的空间数据模型 空间数据库空间决策支持系统空间依赖性空间实体空间模型空间关系空间关系空间统计时空的具体的，特殊的光谱的球空间球状体，回转椭圆体曲线排列文字分割股票持有者单机标准误差，均方差标准操作最新的静态的极射赤面投影极射赤面投影立体测图仪存储空间火炉的烟囱形成阶层的流方式步幅，进展，进步结构化查询语言被串起的细分，再分子程序相减组， 套件，程序组，代替,取代叠加，叠印代理，代用品，代理人测量测量，测量学野外测量数据免受...... 影响的（地图）符号符号，记号对称性给...... 贴上标签剪裁讲究的考虑…接触，相切胶带、带子风流地，高雅地远程登录试验性的术语台地，露台领域，领地，地区棋盘格的，镶嵌的花样的纹理等距圆锥投影兰伯特保形圆锥射影专题的专题图主题，图层泰森图第三方的阈值生产量，生产能力，吞吐量逆冲断层地理控制点等级,一排,一层,平铺费时间的终止节点允许(误差)、容差、容限、限差色调地形图地形学拓扑的拓扑维数拓扑对象拓扑结构建立了拓扑结构的数据集拓扑关系拓扑交替换位，交替使用，卖掉交换，协定，交易事务处理系统变换，转换转置，颠倒顺序巨大的不规则三角网修整真方向投影元组不偏性不确定性海图上未标明的，未知的欠头线合并并集、逻辑的和上升级最上面的城市改造用户友好的效用， 实用，公用事业效用函数含糊的效力，正确，有效性方差，变差变量(变化记录)图矢量矢量空间数据模型经销商言语的， 动词的对，与…相对顶点 （单数）矢量化可实行的，可行的反之亦然反之亦然数据库的表示只读的虚拟的虚拟现实通视性分析视觉的可视化，使看得见的重大的沃伦网格顶点（复数）分水岭杂草，野草 v.除草，铲除清除容限度加权求和法同时在 ...... 距离内异或放大缩小。
市场细分与定位 Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Competitive Position Medium
Desirable Potential Target Invest to build: • Challenge for leadership • Build selectively on strengths • Reinforce vulnerable areas
Low
Divest: Manage for earnings: • Sell when possible to maximize • Protect position cash value • Minimize investment • Meantime, cut fixed costs & avoid further investment
Subway
What is Positioning?
A couple of definitions
Hale Waihona Puke Creating distinct and valued physical and perceptual differences between one’s product and its competitors, as perceived by the target customer. The act of designing the firm’s market offering so that it occupies a distinct and valued place in the minds of its target customers.
Comparison of Physical and Perceptual Positioning Analysis
Exhibit 7.3
学术论文写作手册(英文)Chapter14 Using APA Style When Appro
2021/7/23
2
Chapter14 Using APA Style When Appropriate
14a Recognize the distinct documentation of APA s
t1y4leb. Consider patterns for in-text citations.
10
14e Follow the appropriate reference-list entry forms fo r books and other separately published materials.
14e.1 14e.2 14e.3 14e.4 14e.5 14e.6 14e.8
14f.8 A Radio Broadcast
14c Prepare complete entries for the reference list.
Format for Reference-List Entries •Begin the first line of each entry at the left margin； •Identify authors by last names and first and middle i nitials. •When no author is identified， list the source by titl e. •For periodicals， include the full title with all major words capitalized， a comma， and the volume num ber. • Shorten the names of commercial publishers by usi 20n21g/7o/2n3 ly main elements of their names（Harcourt，9 not Harcourt Brace）and by dropping descriptive titl es（Publishers， Company）.
Strategy蓝海策略
以可持续发展为目标
绿色环保
01
注重环境保护和可持续发展，采用环保材料和可持续的生产方
法，减少对环境的负面影响。
社会责任
02
积极履行企业社会责任，关注员工福利、社会公益事业和社区
发展，提升企业的社会形象。
长期战略
03
以长期发展的眼光制定战略，注重创新、质量和服务，追求长
期稳定的发展和可持续的竞争优势。
如何不断拓展蓝海领域
进行跨行业点
通过观察不同行业的经营模式、技术、产品或服务，寻找可以借鉴的
策略和做法，打破行业间的壁垒。
02
借用他山之石
借鉴其他行业的成功经验、技术和资源，将其应用到蓝海领域中，以
创新的方式推动行业发展。
03
融合创新
将不同行业的元素进行融合，创新出新的产品或服务，实现跨行业的
整合资源
调配和优化内部资源，以 支持蓝海战略的实施。
开发并推出新 产品或服务
在新的市场空间中开发并 推出具有竞争力的产品或 服务。
调整经营模式
根据蓝海战略的要求，调 整企业的经营模式和运营 流程。
蓝海战略的风险与挑战
市场接受度低
技术风险
蓝海战略可能面临市场接受度较低的风险， 需要企业付出较大的市场教育成本。
市场占有率。
持续改进
03
持续跟踪顾客需求和市场变化，不断进行价值创新和改进，保
持竞争优势。
03
蓝海策略的制定与实施
制定蓝海战略的原则
创造全新市场空间
通过创新的方式，寻找并开发新的市场 空间，打破现有竞争格局。
以顾客价值为中心
关注顾客需求和痛点，以提供超越竞争 对手的价值体验为目标。
合理利用先进技术
Semantic Mapping
Semantic Mapping and Navigation with Visual Planar LandmarksDong Wook Ko1,Chuho Yi2and Il Hong Suh31Division of Intelligent Robot Engineering,Hanyang University,Korea(Tel:+82-2281-3832;E-mail:pumpblack@hanyang.ac.kr)2Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Hanyang University,Korea(Tel:+82-2281-3832;E-mail:d1uck@hanyang.ac.kr)3School of CSE,College of Engineering,Hanyang University,Korea(Tel:+82-2281-3832;E-mail:ihsuh@hanyang.ac.kr)Abstract-we propose a semantic map representation and human-like navigation strategies for the mobile robot with a monocular camera.First,we develop a method to automatically detect landmarks,which make up a per-ceived planar region.Next,we build a vision-based map with the detected visual planar landmarks.To build a map with a single camera,we use the concept of bearing-SLAM.The landmark bearings are measured by a cam-era from the detected planar regions.By measuring two bearings between three feature points in the detected pla-nar regions,we estimate the distance from the robot to the landmark for an observation model.After build-ing a vision-based map,we extract semantic informa-tion.The proposed semantic map represents the topol-ogy of the environment with nodes(area and landmarks) and their spatial relationships.Next,we attempt to ap-ply human navigation strategies for the robot navigation with semantic map.We apply strategies(path integration, view-dependent place recognition,reorientation,and ac-tive searching for additional landmarks)to mobile robots and demonstrate a human-like navigation system based on a semantic map.Keywords-Semantic map,Navigation,SLAM,spatial relationship,Planar.1.IntroductionOne of the most essential tasks that robot should be able to achieve is navigation in the environment.To pro-vide reliable service,robots must be able to understand the meaning of their surrounding world.Solutions to si-multaneous localization and mapping(SLAM)problems using vision to perceive the environment have been pro-posed.We use visual landmarks to build a map.To obtain the visual landmarks,we develop a method to automatically detect landmarks which are planar region in the image.We assume that a landmark consists of points belonging to the same plane in the -ing two image frames from a monocular sequence,we detect corresponding points belonging to the same plane by using planar homography and considering the repro-jection error.After detecting the planar region,we build the vision-based metric map.We apply the concept of bearing-SLAM to build a map using a single camera. The location of the landmarks and the robot can be rep-resented by a Gaussian distribution using camera mo-tion and the bearing data[1].To give meaning to our vision-based map,we applied Bayesian model for spa-tial relationships inspired by cognitive theory[2][3],and we proposed a semantic map-building method with au-tomatically-detected planar landmarks.A semantic map is required when interacting with humans in such tasks as providing a delivery service[4].We demonstrated our proposed human-like navigation system in an experiment by testing whether or not the mobile robot could navigate successfully from its current position to a predetermined goal.One of the important contributions of this paper is the demonstrated potential of having a robot navigate from one place to another using spatial relationship be-tween areas and perceived landmarks,rather than an ac-curate map.2.Vision-based Map Building2.1Visual Planar Landmarks DetectionWe proposed a method to detect planar regions using homography from a monocular sequence captured by a single camera mounted on a robot platform.A common method to detect planar areas is to determine whether or not there exists a homography H that transforms a projec-tion from one image to the other[5].Using image pairs from the monocular sequence,we detected a set of points belonging to the same plane.We defined a region of inter-est(ROI),consisting of classified points for visual planar landmarks from the perceived scene,and assumed that it contained feature points belonging to the same plane.We detect the ROI by searching for a dominant planar ho-mography that accounted for most of the feature points in the image pairs.A random sample consensus(RANSAC) scheme was used to detect a dominant planar region us-ing matched correspondences(SURF[6]).Fig.1shows that correspondences belonging to three dominant planes can be detected by the proposed method.The convex area of the inlier belonging to the same plane is used as a vi-sual landmark.The convex area(ROI)of the blue points is used as a visual landmark for map building.Fig.1Classified correspondences(blue,red,and green points in the image)belonging to different planes.2.2Vision-based Map Building with Bearing DataTo build a map with a single camera,we use the con-cept of bearing-only landmark initialization[1].Two or more measurements are required to estimate the location of landmarks.The location of landmarks is represented in a Gaussian distribution using motion information from odometry and bearing data from the camera.This distri-bution contains a correlated uncertainty,and is easy to use for a Kalman-filtering based on solution to SLAM.We build a landmark-based metric map with the estimated location of visual planar landmarks using EKF SLAM method.By measuring two relative bearings between three fea-ture points in the detected planar regions,we estimate the range from the robot to the landmarks for the observation ing the relative bearing between two feature points known locations constrains the robot position to one circle.An additional feature point is needed to deter-mine the robot position uniquely.In other words,relative bearings among three feature points constrain the possi-ble robot position to the intersection of two circles.The robot can also estimate range from the intersection of two circles.Fig.2shows the results of the proposed method. The robot measures two bearings between three points in the image from a camera.If the robot observes at least four correspondences from image matching between the perceived scene and the detected visual planar landmarks, it can simply estimate its position and also measure the range from itself to the landmarks.3.Semantic Map BuildingWe attempted to apply human navigation strategies to mobile robots.A semantic representation and a Bayesian model have been developed for spatial relation-ships among trained objects[3].In this paper,we pro-pose a semantic map using automatically-detected pla-nar landmarks and active localization based on the pro-posed simple observation model.As proposed in[3],we apply this to Bayesian models for semantic representa-tion according to four human navigation strategies:path integration,view-dependent place recognition,reorienta-tion,and active searching.There is proposed a way to represent semantic map by one global-topological map and local-metric maps.Local-metric maps are connected globally as topology in global topological map.All dis-tances,bearings for object and bearings between objects are represented egocentrically and approximately by se-mantic metrics.Reorientation rules are applied to deter-mine the relative angle by viewing at least one remem-bered object(landmark).These semantic metric data con-sist of linguistic representation of objects and their spatial relationships to imply the above mentioned properties.3.1Spatial Relationship of LandmarksWe apply a semantic representation consisting of ob-served planar landmarks at each node and their spa-tial relationships.This representation is known as view-dependent place recognition,which is one hu-2QKPV 2QKPV2QKPV$GCTKPI$GCTKPI41+Fig.2The green ellipse represent the estimated robot position from observation model with mea-sured range and bearing.man navigation strategy.Spatial relationships in-clude distance,bearing,and relationships between land-marks and nodes.The distance context is denoted by a set of distance symbols s r={nearby, near,far}.The bearing context is denoted by sym-bols sω={front,left front,left,left rear,rear,right rear,right,right front}.This bearing symbol represents the bearing of the object relative to the robot.The relationship between landmarks,denoted by sζ={left far,left near,left nearby,right far,right near,right nearby},is the relationship among landmarks.We apply these symbols to semantic map rep-resentation.Fig.3(b)shows a partial semantic map.The nodes and landmarks are represented as spatial relation-ships.3.2Spatial Node RelationshipsTo implement path integration,the spatial node rela-tionship is represented by the distance and bearing of all connected nodes.The distance relationship,denoted by one of a set of distance symbols s d={1step,2 step,...,k step},indicates that the robot is to move up to k step.The bearing relationship is denoted by sθ={front,left front,left,left rear,rear,right rear,right,right front}.As long as the nodes are determined,the robot can represent the spatial node relationship automatically.3.3Reorientation Rules for Spatial RelationshipsReorientation means that the relative bearings of land-marks are determined automatically when the robot ob-serves at least one remembered visual clue(landmark) between relationships.This map changes in terms of spa-tial relationships because the robot moves continuously. When the robot observes memorized landmark spatial re-lationships,reorientation applies the associated relation-ships of the relative change as defined by the reorientation rules based on the robot movement.Fig.3Experimental environment and partial map built by the proposed method:(a)vision-based met-ric map;and(b)semantic-metric map represented by symbols.3.4Action Selection for Active LocalizationThis section explains how the robot localizes though action selection by applying the reorientation rules of spatial relationships.When the robot observes a known landmark,the system retrieves the spatial relationship from the semantic map.The robot determines the next ac-tion tofind other landmarks,which are spatially related to the perceived landmark.It is possible to use the reorien-tation rules of the spatial relationships;the robot localizes itself.If the robot fails to observe landmarks,it can still infer its next action plan using spatial relationships.4.Experimental ResultsWe demonstrate our human-like navigation system in a corridor using the proposed semantic map.We at-tached some pictures on the corridor wall.It will be ob-jects(Landmarks)in semantic map.As long as the nodes are determined,the robot can detect landmarks and rep-resent spatial relationships,such as node to node or node to landmarks.After building a semantic map,we veri-fied the practicality of the human-like navigation through experiments in indoor environments,a corridor,using a vision system.Experimental environment are described below.•Robot platform:Pioneer3DX•Camera:Logitech Pro Webcam C910for object recog-nition.•Control module:Aria+Microsoft Visual Studio2008 running in Windows.•Semantic map building and Navigation system:Matlab 2010running in Windows.•Environment type:Corridor(1426:5m)•Landmark:30pictures attached to awallFig.4Experimental environment and vision-based local metric map.As shown in Fig.4,some pictures were attached to the wall.The robot detected planar regions in an image by planar homography(Lm0,Lm2,and Lm3).The robot moved to other positions to estimate the locations of the landmarks by measuring how their bearings changed for different viewpoints.As described above,the robot estimated the locations of the landmarks using a Gaus-sian distribution.The red ellipses in Fig.4represent the uncertainty caused by sensor noise.Each landmark consists of three points with known locations on a met-ric map shown in Fig.4.The robot can measure the two bearings between three points with a camera.Therefore, the robot is able to estimate its position and range using trigonometry in Fig. ing this vision-based metric map and symbolizing functions in which metric and bear-ing data are converted to spatial relationships,we extract spatial relationships among landmarks and nodes.A par-tial maps built by the proposed method are shown in Fig.3.After travelling around the fourthfloor(1426:5m)of the IT.BT building at Hanyang University,the robot built the topological-semantic-metric map shown in Fig.5.These semantic maps provide symbolic data that con-sist of linguistic representation of objects and their spatial relationships.To navigate using symbolic description in real environment,the robot needs desymbolizing function from Spatial relationships to metric information.Also, the robot used a sonar sensor for obstacle avoidance[7]to safety navigates.We designed a simple test to determine whether the mobile robot could navigate from a starting point to a predetermined goal.After a few tries,we ver-ified that the mobile robot could navigate successfully with a semantic map and human-like navigation strate-gies.The mobile robot could travel from its current posi-tion to anywhere using just simple visual perception.5.ConclusionsIn this paper,we proposed a method to build semantic map inspired by human-navigation strategies for a robot using a single camera.We used automatically-detected planar landmarks,comprising a planar region,to build a map for navigation.We applied human navigation strate-gies to the mobile robot,based on semantic representa-tion consisting of observed visual planar landmarks at each node and their spatial relationships.We also usedFig.5Final semantic map for a corridor active localization tofind landmarks to confirm their lo-cations.We verified the proposed navigation system with an experiment.AcknowledgementThis paper was performed for the Intelligent Robotics Development Program,one of the Frontier R&D Pro-grams funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE).References[1] A.Costa,G.Kantor,and H.Choset,“Bearing-onlylandmark initialization with unknown data associ-ation,”IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation,pp.1764-1769,April2004. [2] C.Yi,I.H.Suh,G.H.Lim,and B.U.Choi,“Bayesian Robot Localization using Spatial Ob-ject Contexts,”IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems,pp.3467-3473, 2009.[3] C.Yi,I.H.Suh,G.H.Lim,and B.U.Choi,“Se-mantic Mapping and Active Localization for Ser-vice Robots,”IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man, and Cybernetics Part A,submitted.[4]G.H.Lim,I.H.Suh,“Ontology-Based UnifiedRobot Knowledge for Service Robots in Indoor En-vironments,”IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man and Cybernetics,Part A:Systems and Humans,pp.492-509,2011.[5]Q.He and C.-H.H.Chu,“Planar surface detectionin image pairs using homographic constraints,”in ISVC(1).Lecture Notes in Computer Science,vol.4291,pp.19-27,2006.[6]H.Bay,A,Ess,T.Tuytelaars,and L.V.Gool,“Speeded-Up Robust Features(SURF),”Computer Vision and Image Understanding,vol.110,pp.346-359,2008[7]J.Borenstein and Y.Koren,“The vectorfieldhistogram-fast obstacle avoidance for mobiler-obots,”IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Au-tomation,vol.7no.3,pp.278-288,1991.。
我是怎样背生物和地理的作文的英文
我是怎样背生物和地理的作文的英文Studying for biology and geography has been a challenging yet rewarding experience for me. As subjects that cover a vast breadth of content, mastering the material required a strategic and diligent approach. However, through consistent effort and the implementation of effective study techniques, I was able to not only comprehend the key concepts but also develop a genuine interest in these fields of study.One of the primary obstacles I faced was the sheer volume of information that needed to be retained. Biology, in particular, delves into the intricate workings of living organisms, from the microscopic cellular processes to the complex interactions within ecosystems. Similarly, geography encompasses a diverse range of topics, including physical landscapes, human-environment interactions, and global systems. Confronted with this abundance of knowledge, I realized that a traditional memorization-based approach would not be sufficient.To overcome this challenge, I adopted a more holistic andconceptual understanding of the material. Instead of simply memorizing facts and figures, I focused on comprehending the underlying principles and the interconnections between different concepts. For biology, I made it a point to understand the logic behind the various biological mechanisms, such as how the circulatory system transports essential nutrients and how genetic inheritance works. In geography, I strived to grasp the broader themes and patterns, such as the factors that influence climate and the ways in which human activities shape the physical environment.Developing this deeper understanding was facilitated by the use of various study techniques. One strategy I found particularly effective was the creation of visual aids, such as mind maps and diagrams. By organizing the information in a visually appealing and logical manner, I was able to better recognize the relationships between different components and retain the material more effectively. Additionally, I engaged in regular practice by solving problem sets and answering sample questions, which not only reinforced my knowledge but also helped me identify areas that required further attention.Another crucial aspect of my study approach was the incorporation of real-world applications and case studies. Rather than simply memorizing textbook definitions and theories, I made a conscious effort to relate the concepts to real-life phenomena and current events. For instance, in biology, I explored case studies on emerginginfectious diseases and the impact of human activities on ecosystems. In geography, I delved into the challenges faced by developing nations in adapting to climate change and the geopolitical implications of resource distribution.By contextualizing the material in this way, I not only gained a deeper understanding of the subject matter but also developed a genuine interest in the topics. I found myself eager to learn more and to explore the practical implications of the concepts I was studying. This intrinsic motivation was a significant driver in my academic success, as it fueled my persistence and dedication to the learning process.Furthermore, I recognized the importance of effective time management and organization. Balancing the demands of biology and geography, along with my other academic commitments, required meticulous planning and prioritization. I established a structured study routine, allocating dedicated time for each subject and ensuring that I covered all the necessary content. Additionally, I maintained detailed notes and organized my materials in a way that facilitated efficient review and revision.Throughout this journey, I encountered various challenges and setbacks, such as struggling with particularly complex topics or feeling overwhelmed by the sheer volume of information. However, Ilearned to be resilient and adaptable, seeking out additional resources, reaching out to teachers and peers for support, and adjusting my study strategies as needed. This ability to overcome obstacles and maintain a growth mindset was crucial in my academic success.In conclusion, my experience of studying for biology and geography has been a transformative one. By adopting a conceptual understanding, utilizing effective study techniques, and cultivating a genuine interest in the subject matter, I was able to not only excel academically but also develop a deeper appreciation for these fields of study. The skills and knowledge I have gained will undoubtedly serve me well in my future academic and professional pursuits, and I am grateful for the opportunity to have undertaken this challenging yet rewarding journey.。
六年级下册半期考试英语作文
六年级下册半期考试英语作文Halfway through the semester, we are faced with themid-term exam, a crucial assessment that not only tests our academic knowledge but also measures our time management and study skills. As a sixth-grader, I understand the significance of this exam and have devised a strategy to prepare for it effectively.The mid-term exam serves as a checkpoint, a moment to pause, reflect, and adjust our academic trajectory. It provides feedback on our performance so far, allowing us to identify areas where we excel and those where we need to improve. The insights gained from this exam can inform our study habits and motivate us to work harder.Recognizing the importance of the mid-term exam, I have embarked on a comprehensive preparation plan. My strategyis divided into three key areas: content review, practice, and time management.Content review is crucial as it ensures that I am familiar with the entire syllabus. I start by identifying the key topics and concepts taught in class and thenallocate time to revise each topic thoroughly. I use textbooks, notes, and online resources to reinforce my understanding of the material. Additionally, I create mind maps and summaries to consolidate my knowledge and improve retention.Practice is equally important as it helps mefamiliarize myself with the exam format and question types.I solve previous year's exam papers and sample questions to assess my preparedness and identify areas where I need to focus more. This practice also helps me develop a sense of the exam's difficulty level, enabling me to set realistic expectations.Lastly, I prioritize time management. Effective time management ensures that I am able to cover all topics and complete the exam within the allotted time. I create a detailed study schedule, allocating specific hours to each subject and revision session. I also practice timed tests to simulate the exam conditions and improve my speed and accuracy.In conclusion, the mid-term exam is a critical milestone in our academic journey. It offers us anopportunity to assess our progress, identify areas of improvement, and refine our study habits. My preparation strategy, centered around content review, practice, and time management, is designed to help me maximize my performance and achieve my academic goals. As I approach the exam, I am confident that my efforts will translate into success.**期中考试的重要性与我的备考策略**学期过半，我们迎来了期中考试，这是一次重要的评估，不仅测试我们的学术知识，还检验我们的时间管理和学习技能。
关于地图的英语作文,不少于七句
The Magic of Maps: A Journey Through Timeand SpaceMaps have always fascinated me, not just as a tool for navigation but as a window to the past, present, and future. They are not just paper representations of the world; they are a snapshot of history, culture, and technology. As I delve into the world of cartography, I am taken aback bythe intricate details and the stories they tell.The oldest known maps date back to ancient times, where they were created to record significant events and tell the tales of conquerors and explorers. These primitive maps, often手绘 on animal skins or stones, were not just representations of geography but also symbols of power and dominion. They were a testament to the curiosity and冒险精神 of mankind, who ventured into the unknown to chart new territories.As time progressed, so did the art of cartography. The invention of the compass, the telescope, and other navigational tools revolutionized mapping, allowing for more accurate representations of the world. Maps became more detailed, incorporating information about climate,ecology, and demographics. They were no longer just tools for explorers but also essential for trade, military strategy, and governance.Today, maps have evolved further, incorporating technology that allows us to visualize data in ways never before imaginable. Digital maps, GPS systems, and virtual reality have made it possible to explore the world in a whole new way. We can zoom in on specific locations, view real-time traffic data, and even explore the depths of the ocean or the vastness of space. Maps have become a powerful tool for education, entertainment, and everyday life.Looking ahead, I believe maps will continue to transform and adapt to the needs of society. As technology advances, we will see even more innovative ways to represent and interact with maps. Perhaps one day, we will be able to experience maps in a fully immersive way, where we can travel back in time to witness historical events or explore planets beyond our solar system.Maps are not just a representation of the world; they are a record of our journey through time and space. They tell the story of mankind's curiosity, exploration, andconquest. As we continue to map the unknown, we also create a legacy that will inspire future generations to embark on their own adventures.**地图的魔力：穿越时空的旅程**地图一直让我着迷，不仅仅是因为它们是导航的工具，更因为它们是通往过去、现在和未来的窗口。
Stocking Strategy
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Stocking strategy - V1
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Supply Chain vs. Customer Window
Strategi c Buffer? Purchasin g Order Entry Strategi c Buffer? Strategi c Buffer? Strategi c Buffer? Shippi ng
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Analyze
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Develop Potential Solutions Evaluate, Select, and Optimize Best Solutions Develop ‘To-Be’ Value Stream Map(s) Develop and Implement Pilot Solution Confirm Attainment of Project Goals Develop Full Scale Implementation Plan Complete Improve Gate
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Learning Objectives
Understand the many locations of strategic buffers in various applications Apply the key learnings to an exercise
Stocking strategy - V1
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Strategic Buffer Locations Product Stocking Strategy Defined
Adobe Creative Cloud Maps与ArcGIS的集成与优势说明书
Another method for using a single point symbol to represent multiple geographic phenomena is with a dot density map. For example, a map that uses one dot to represent a certain number of people over a particular area is called a dot densitymap. On dot density maps, dots are scattered across their respective regions for the purpose of illustrating the density of the mapped geographic phenomenon. A nice addition to the dot density technique is to ensure that dots are closer to geographic features where they are more likely to occur. For example, you can map dots that represent people close to towns and cities rather than homogenously scattering the dots across a polygon.Line dataIn cartography, lines represent features that are conceptually long and narrow, and too small tobe depicted as areas. In GIS datasets, streets and linear water features, such as creeks and rivers, are commonly represented by line data. These data are made up of nodes that are joined by lines into a single feature. A river, especially when mapped at the large scale, can be represented by a polygon. Figure 3.2. I created this map using point clusteringto show selected climbing ascents by Fred Beckey that occurred within the path of the 2017 solar eclipse across North America.Chapter 3: The advantages of synced mapsMapping by Design: A Guide to ArcGIS Maps for Adobe Creative CloudChapter 3: The advantages of synced mapsMapping by Design: A Guide to ArcGIS Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud48Synced mapboardsOpen the synced map1Open Illustrator, and then sign in to Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud (Window > Extensions > ArcGIS Maps for Adobe).Do not open the Minnesota.ai file yet.2 While keeping the Mapboards panel in view, open your Minnesota.ai map (File > Open). Browse to EsriPress/MappingByDesign or the location on your computer where you saved your folder, and open the file Minnesota.ai.When opening your file, the extension’s window might automatically minimize or become placed behind Illustrator’s user interface. If this occurs, reselect Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud from the Illustrator Exten-sions menu to pull the extension into view again.Once the Minnesota.ai file is open, the Mapboards panel displays the Minnesota mapboard extent (fig-ure 3.5).Tutorial 3.1: Exploring a synced map fileScenarioTutorial 3.1 is an exploratory exercise investigat-ing the Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud settings on a synced mapboard and the layer structure of an AI file created using the extension-direct workflow. Through-out this exercise, you will be using your synced Min-nesota.ai file that you created in tutorials 2.1 and 2.2 and synced in tutorial 2.2. You will learn how AI files created using Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud are organized as you examine the Minnesota.ai file layers. If you still have Illustrator open, it is recommended that you close and reopen the program before begin-ning this tutorial.Note: Because this tutorial highlights the advan-tages of synced files, a Plus, ArcGIS Online, or ArcGIS Enterprise license is required.Learning objectives• Synced mapboards: Become familiar with the advantages of synced mapboards• Contents Panel layer settings: Learn about the Compilation panel’s layer sync setting •Layer organization: Understand the layer structure of an Illustrator file created directly in Maps for Adobe Creative CloudChapter 3: The advantages of synced maps49Contents panel layer settingsExplore syncing and visibilityJust like the layer visibility setting in Illustrator, the visibility of the data layers on the Compilation pan-el’s Contents panel can be toggled on or off. When a layer’s visibility is toggled off, the visibility icon (eye) disappears. Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud also has a sync setting for each layer on the Contents panel. This sync setting, shown by a down arrow, specifies whether a layer will be added to a map when it is synced.When you opened the synced Minnesota.ai file, the Compilation panel’s Contents panel became popu-lated with all the layers that were present on the Con-tents panel during the AI file’s most recent sync.1 Open the Compilation panel, and turn on the sync setting for the counties layer by clicking the blank rectangle directly to the right of the visibility icon for the USA Counties (Generalized) layer.A down arrow will appear (figure 3.6).Figure 3.6. The sync setting is on for the USACounties (Generalized) layer.Figure 3.5. When the Minnesota.ai file is open, thesynced mapboard extent will appear on the Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud Mapboards panel. Yourmapboard may be different depending on thebasemap you have selected, which is fine.3 Open the Mapboard Options dialog box by clicking the Mapboard Options button on the vertical toolbar to the right of your mapboard. The Mapboard Options button is the second button from the top.Notice that the fields on the dialog box are dimmed. The reason that these fields are no longer editable is that settings such as size, scale, and extent are perma-nently synced to this mapboard and can no longer be changed.4 Click OK to close the dialog box.Chapter 3:。
建议一些提高考试成绩的方法英语作文
作文一Ways to Improve Exam ScoresExams can be a source of stress for many students. However, there are several ways to improve exam scores and perform better.First, it is essential to have a good study plan. Set aside specific times each day for studying and stick to the schedule. Break down the material into smaller chunks and study one topic at a time. This will help you stay organized and focused.Second, practice makes perfect. Solve sample papers and past exam questions to get familiar with the exam pattern and types of questions. This will also help you identify your weak areas and work on them.Third, take good notes during class. Write down important points, examples, and explanations. Review your notes regularly to reinforce your understanding of the subject.Fourth, ask questions. If you don't understand something, don't be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help. Clearing your doubts will improve your understanding and performance.Fifth, get enough rest and eat a healthy diet. A well-rested body and mind are better able to focus and perform well on exams. Avoid staying up late and eating junk food before exams.In conclusion, by following these methods, you can improve your exam scores and achieve better results.作文二Strategies for Boosting Exam PerformanceTo improve exam scores, students need to adopt effective strategies. Here are some suggestions.One way is to start preparing early. Don't wait until the last minute to study. Give yourself enough time to understand the material thoroughly and practice answering questions.Another important strategy is to understand the exam format. Know what types of questions will be asked and how they will be graded. This will help you focus your study efforts and answer questions more effectively.Active learning is also crucial. Instead of just reading the material, engage with it by asking questions, making notes, and summarizing key points. This will help you retain the information better.Practice tests are a great way to prepare for exams. They simulate the exam environment and help you identify areas where you need more practice.Finally, manage your time well during the exam. Read the questions carefully, allocate your time wisely, and don't spend too much time on any one question.By implementing these strategies, students can improve their exam performance and achieve better results.作文三Tips for Increasing Exam ScoresImproving exam scores requires dedication and hard work. Here are some tips to help you succeed.First, develop a positive attitude. Believe in yourself and your ability to do well on exams. Avoid negative self-talk and stay motivated.Second, create a study environment that is free from distractions. Find a quiet place where you can focus and study without interruptions.Third, use different study methods. Some people learn better by reading, while others prefer visual aids or hands-on activities. Experiment with different methods to find what works best for you.Fourth, review your mistakes. After taking a practice test or exam, go over your answers and identify the areas where you made mistakes. Learn from these mistakes and avoid repeating them in the future.Fifth, take care of yourself. Get enough sleep, eat well, and exercise regularly. A healthy body and mind will help you perform better on exams.In conclusion, by following these tips, you can increase your exam scores and achieve your academic goals.作文四Methods to Enhance Exam ResultsThere are several methods that students can use to enhance their exam results.One approach is to develop good study habits. This includes setting aside regular study times, taking breaks, and avoiding procrastination. Make a study schedule and stick to it.Another way is to use effective study techniques. For example, you can use flashcards to memorize key concepts, make mind maps to organize your thoughts, or teach the material to someone else to reinforce your understanding.It is also important to stay organized. Keep your notes, textbooks, and study materials in order so that you can easily find what you need when studying.In addition, seek help when needed. If you are struggling with a particular subject, don't be afraid to ask your teacher, tutor, or classmates for assistance.Finally, manage your stress levels. Exams can be stressful, but learning to relax and manage your stress can help you perform better. Try techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or exercise to reduce stress.By using these methods, students can improve their exam results and achieve academic success.作文五Ways to Improve Your Exam PerformanceIf you want to improve your exam scores, here are some things you can do.First, understand the material. Don't just memorize facts, but try to understand the concepts and how they relate to each other. This will help you answer questions more effectively.Second, practice regularly. Do practice questions, take mock exams, and review your work. This will help you identify your weaknesses and improve your skills.Third, manage your time well. Don't spend too much time on one question or section. Make sure you leave enough time to review your answers and check for mistakes.Fourth, stay calm and focused during the exam. Don't panic if you don't know an answer. Take a deep breath and think carefully before answering.Finally, get enough rest and eat well before the exam. A healthy body and mind will help you perform better.By following these tips, you can improve your exam performance and achieve better results.作文六Strategies for Improving Exam ScoresTo improve exam scores, students can employ several strategies.First, set clear goals. Determine what you want to achieve on the exam and work towards that goal. This will give you a sense of purpose and motivation.Second, study actively. Instead of passively reading the material, engage with it by asking questions, making connections, and applying the concepts to real-life situations.Third, use multiple resources. Don't rely on just one textbook or study guide. Use online resources, videos, and podcasts to supplement your learning.Fourth, form study groups. Studying with others can help you stay motivated and gain different perspectives on the material.Finally, take care of your physical and mental health. Get enough sleep, exercise regularly, and eat a balanced diet. A healthy body and mind will help you perform better on exams.By implementing these strategies, students can improve their exam scores and achieve academic success.作文七Tips to Boost Your Exam GradesHere are some tips to help you boost your exam grades.First, be organized. Keep your study materials neat and in order. Make a schedule and stick to it. This will help you stay on top of your studies and avoidlast-minute cramming.Second, understand the exam format. Know what types of questions will be asked and how they will be graded. This will help you prepare more effectively.Third, practice, practice, practice. Solve as many sample papers and past exams as possible. This will help you get familiar with the exam pattern and improve your time management skills.Fourth, seek help when needed. Don't be afraid to ask your teacher, tutor, or classmates for help if you are stuck on a concept or problem.Fifth, take care of yourself. Get enough sleep, eat well, and exercise regularly. A healthy body and mind will help you perform better on exams.In conclusion, by following these tips, you can improve your exam grades and achieve your academic goals.作文八Methods for Increasing Exam PerformanceThere are several methods that can be used to increase exam performance.One way is to develop good study habits. This includes setting aside dedicated study time each day, taking breaks to avoid burnout, and staying focused on the task at hand.Another method is to use effective study techniques. For example, you can use mnemonic devices to remember important information, create flashcards for vocabulary or formulas, and summarize key points in your own words.It is also important to understand the material thoroughly. Don't just memorize facts, but try to understand the concepts and how they apply to different situations.In addition, practice is essential. Solve sample questions and take mock exams to get familiar with the exam format and types of questions.Finally, manage your stress levels. Exams can be stressful, but learning to relax and stay calm can help you perform better. Try techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or exercise to reduce stress.By using these methods, you can improve your exam performance and achieve better results.。
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I6: Demonstrate the value proposition I2: Effectively develop products and access
I10: Maximize efficiency and quality of business processes I8: “Focus on the critical fewer”
Build Lifelong Relationships
Capture and Leverage Knowledge Solutions
Grow InterEnterprise Solutions
Improve Resource Allocation
WellManaged
Leverage 3rd Party Relationships
Learning & Growth
…and being a great place to work!”
L1: “We develop, recognize, and retain great people.” L2: “I’m developing the skills I need to succeed.” L3: “We understand the strategy and know what we need to do L4: “We have the information and tools we need to do our jobs.”
“Operational Efficiency”
Optimize Rate and Occupancy Management Leverage the Right Assets Aggressively Manage Residence Expenses Manage Media Exposure
“…Quality Relationships”
Focus on CostEffective Solutions
Optimize Uptime and Availability
Optimize Planning of Site, Construction, and Operations
Understand Transportation Needs
Sample Strategy Maps
Best Practice Strategy Maps
Software Company Strategy Map
Financial Perspective
Leader in Strategic Markets
Increased Shareholder Value
Develop Customer Trust Proactively Manage Litigations & Regulations
Excel at Other Resident Services
Manage ongoing communication with residents
Learning & Growth
©2010 Palladium Group, Inc.
6
Federal Government Printing - Communication Strategy Map
The vision is to be the recognized leader in document automation and the customer-preferred provider of best value for automated digital and hardcopy document products and services.
Operational Excellence Deliver World Class Transportation Services
Streamline Regulatory Approval Process
Improve Sustainability & Livability of Communities
©2010 Palladium Group, Inc.
4
Sample strategy maps
Public Sector
State Department of Transportation – Strategy Map
Stakeholder Perspective Customer Perspective
I1: Segment markets & target prospects for new opportunities
I5: Identify and recognize high-potential relationships
I9: Enhance internal and external partnerships
Improve Safety
Learning & Growth Perspective
Highly Skilled Workforce
Empower Front-Line Employees to Deliver Customer Service
Integrated Knowledge Management Infrastructure
Diversify Revenue Streams
Predictable Profitability
“Customer Intimacy”
“eBusiness Solution Leadership” Flexible, Innovative Solutions One Stop Accountability Deliver Comprehensive Solutions
Open & Frequent Communication to Impacted Citizenry
Accelerate Economic Dev. Through Transportation Investment
Develop & Apply New Transportation Technology
Healthcare Strategy Map
“Maximize the Quality of Life and Dignity of Older Adults”
Increase Shareholder Value
Financial
Create Cash Flow
Grow Revenue
Create EBITDAR
Safe, Convenient Transportation Clear, Timely, and Accurate Communication
Value for Taxpayer Money
Support Business & Commerce Provide Business Cases for Increased Funding Balance Budget
Accountability
Industry Expertise Knowledge Management
Entrepreneurial/Innovative
Leverage Solutions
Identify, Attract, & Retain Skilled Employees 2
©2010 Palladium Group, Inc.
©2010 Palladium Group, Inc.
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Community Bank Group Strategy Map
“Our success comes from… Financial
F4: Maximize financial resources for maximum riskadjusted return
On Time, As Promised
Low Cost Provider of Transportation Services
Internal Processes
Relationship Management
Easy to do business with
Innovation
Drive Innovation in Transportation
F2: Maximize traditional revenue sources
F3: Grow nontraditional revenue sources
F1: Achieve sustainable double-digit net income growth
Customer
…delivering great financial services,…
Maximize Positive NOR F0
Financial
Management Excellence Recover Our Costs F1
CRM Increase market share of existing customers F2
“Employee Satisfaction”
Deliver People Proposition: “We Make a Difference” •Retention •Talent •Performance •Culture Provide Technology Support •Reliable •Functional
Manage Expenses
Customer
Trust
Choice
Consistency
Pay For Service
“Customer Satisfaction Through...”
Business Process