上海市浦东新区地理等级考2019年上海市浦东一模考试试题
上海市浦东新区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末(一模)教学质量检测英语试卷
上海市浦东新区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末（一模）教学质量检测英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife Report Calls for ActionThe World Wide Fund for Nature released its Living Planet Report, which found that the Earth’s wildlife populations have fallen by 69% in the past 50 years.The report is produced every two years to show how the natural world is changing, so governments, businesses, and conservationists understand 1 needs to be done to protect the Earth. The team looks at several factors. One is the Living Planet Index (LPI), 2 examines how wildlife populations have changed over time. A total of 5, 268 species across the world have been tracked, including birds, fish, insects, and mammals.The change in wildlife varies around the world. South America and the Caribbean are the most affected. In these areas, the average wildlife populations have dropped by 94% over 50 years. Central Asia and Europe have 3 (small) decline, with an 18% drop. The WWF says the changes are caused by human activity. One of the biggest threats 4 (face) wildlife is the number of acres of forest that are being chopped down 5 that theland can be used for farming instead. To find the best way to protect animals worldwide, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is studying how easy or hard 6 will be to help different species. It has so far found that the populations of several animals, including the pink pigeon and the Sumatran rhino, 7 be boosted.While some news from the Living Planet Report is worrisome, there is good news, too. Up to now the numbers of many species 8 (rise) around the world because of people’s efforts to protect them. In India, the number of tigers has nearly doubled since 2009. And in 2020,there were more than 50 sightings of the critically 9 (endanger) Antarctic blue whale.In the US, conservation efforts in recent decades have helped to save several species, including the bald eagle, which 10 (remove) from the threatened species list in 2007.二、选词填空Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beThere are plenty of complaints about how social media—texting in particular—may be harming children’s social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging(IM’ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for introverts, who are 11 to tell their thoughts to others.British researchers analyzed 150 conversations exchanged by 231 teens. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM’ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported a 20%reduction in their distress—not enough to completely 12 it but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.“Our findings suggest that IM’ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may 13 contribute to their well-being,” the authors write, noting provide emotional relief and that prior research has shown that people 14 to talk to strangers either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings, but even more with IM. And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate with each other face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their 15 .Why would digital communication beat human contact? The regions are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control their expressions of sadness and other emotions they may be having via IM without having to 16 emotional elements such as tears, which some may consider as embarrassing or sources of 17 . Studies also show that the anonymity (匿名) of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safely. Prior research has shown that expressive writing itself can “vent” emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing so, knowing that your words are reaching a(n) 18 friend may be even more therapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participantsreported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extroverts did. In fact, introverts care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues, but even the most socially skilled ones sometimes long for a free 19 from having to socialize or having to talk on the phone. This is what the Internet offers: the chance to connect—but in 20 does and from behind a screen.三、完形填空a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”a skywell is smaller and less exposed to thewhich were designed to 23 different generations of relatives.Although a skywell's size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the Core of a house, either 24 by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 25 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 26 by replacing warmer indoor air,which rises and leaves through the opening.The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and 27 rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can 28 sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. 29 hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, which“works just like a 30 ”As a(n) 31 space between indoor life and the outdoor environment, a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside. But the largest part of skywell's cooling effect actually comes when there are bodies of water in the enclosure.Evaporated water cools hot air, a process known as evaporative cooling which is 32 in Huizhou skywells. In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth. Skywells therefore have channels around them to 33 rainwater coming from the roofs.Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 34 . Over the past two decades, however, due to a 35 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.21．A．Parallel with B．Different from C．Close to D．Symbolic of 22．A．commonly B．rarely C．apparently D．currently 23．A．bind B．gather C．house D．honor 24．A．enclosed B．separated C．accompanied D．replaced 25．A．calming B．refreshing C．incoming D．upcoming 26．A．pollution B．pressure C．current D．circulation 27．A．promise B．harvest C．stop D．process 28．A．block out B．bathe in C．allow for D．let out 29．A．Nevertheless B．Meanwhile C．Similarly D．Rather 30．A．well B．column C．chimney D．ceiling 31．A．ideal B．leisure C．alternative D．transition 32．A．well-reflected B．well-shaded C．well-developed D．well-organized 33．A．collect B．purify C．drain D．evaporate 34．A．techniques B．facilities C．styles D．inventions 35．A．reunion B．reminder C．renewal D．rearrangement四、阅读理解As mountains go,1, 642-foot Squaw Peak isn’t particularly imposing. But its inviting views of western Massachusetts have tricked hikers into becoming less cautious among its steep, slippery cliffs, resulting in countless injuries and even deaths.Henry Grant, a week before starting his freshman year, respected Squaw Peak’s record. As such, he stayed a good ten feet from the edge while waiting for his mother to catch up to him one day in August 2019. He watched 15 or so other hikers enjoy the view;one hiker, around 60 and dressed in pink, was peeking over the lip of the cliff with her husband.Suddenly he heard something frightening: “Paula!Paula!” a man yelled frantically. Grant turned around. The woman in pink was nowhere to be seen. Several hikers immediately started looking for her. Uncertain they could help, Grant and his mother headed down the trail.But when he saw hikers still searching, he decided to lend a hand. “My young dumb brain was like, I can do it,” he says.After 15 minutes of scrambling over rocks, Grant spotted a figure in pink. The woman had fallen about 75 feet. Miraculously, she was alive.“Paula!” Grant shouted. “Paula. Is that you?”The woman barely responded. She was clearly hurt and delirious. Grant called 911 and waited, but she kept trying to move, and every time she moved, she slipped a little more. Afraid that in her disorderly state of mind she might fall off the rock to her death, Grant crawled on all fours up a tight, narrow path, gaining friction by digging into the dirt with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula.Securing himself against a tree, Grant tried to keep her mind off the pain by intervening with questions; “Where are you from? What do you do for a living?Do you have kids?” About 45minutes later, first responders arrived, To reach them, a rescuer lowered down and lifted Paula up.Paula, who has fully recovered, is Paula Kaplan-Reiss, a New Jersey psychologist who had traveled to the Berkshire mountains of Massachusetts for some relief following her mother's death. Instead, she met a young man who, as she stated in a letter to the Boston Globe, was her new hero.36．Paula’s accident on Squaw Peak is most likely the result of_________.A．the heavy blow caused by her mother’s deathB．the slippery cliffs that resulted in many injuries and deathsC．her being less safety-conscious at the breathtaking views.D．her husband’s neglect of care while accompanying her37．What does the underlined word “delirious” in Paragraph 6 mean according to the context?A．Unable to move.B．Unable to stay conscious.C．Unable to talk.D．Unable to think clearly.38．Why did Grand keep asking Paula questions?A．To distract her attention from the pain.B．To find out her condition.C．To encourage her to hold on.D．To get to know her better.39．What kind of person is Henry Grant according to the article?A．Dumb and brave.B．Decisive and sensible.C．Respectful and caring.D．Reserved and calm.While writing plain English is no challenge, most of us struggle to find words or phrases to perfectly fall in place with the content. To help you improve your writing skills in English, we have collected some of the best web resources dedicated to this mission.Grammarly● Grammarly is one of the best online resources to grammarly significantly improve your vocabulary and writing. It is basically an online word processor, which goes beyond others in correcting over 250 types of English mistakes. The spell-checker and vocabulary enhancer are the standout features of Grammarly.● Since the Grammarly app is also available for your web browser, you can simply install the extension and edit all of your Emails, social media posts, or any content that you create from your web browser.●Although Grammarly is offered as free installation, a premium plan does exist which costs around $29. 95/month.Thesaurus●Thesaurus is one of the vital tools that every good English writer has in their storehouse. Building on vocabulary is essential and that is what Thesaurus just offers. Thesaurus helps users by providing alternative words and phrases to perfectly express themselves. It also offers the best collection of synonyms and antonyms.● Overuse of cliches, adverbs or bulky phrases is some examples of poor writing, which needs to be addressed. In this case, the Thesaurus has a collection of some of the most overused expressions that must be avoided in written English.● Sharpen your English skills with this powerful online and mobile application tool for free.Hemingway App●The Hemingway App is a wonderful web-based and desktop software to help you edityour written English. It tackles a lot of subtle differences in English writing, like very complex sentences, uses of passive voice and much more. Using Hemingway App, all of your wordy sentences are highlighted in yellow and irrelevant content in red.● The Hemingway app also provides a readability score for the entered text, which youcould use to analyze the structure of the content you’ve written and build a connection with your readers.●Though available as a free version for web interfaces, the standalone desktop softwarefor Mac and Windows costs $9. 99/month.40．Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A．Grammarly is primarily focused on helping improve spelling and grammar in writing.B．Thesaurus offers a large collection of word entries to enhance vocabulary.C．The Hemingway App’s premium desktop software is available for a one-time payment of $9.99.D．The Hemingway App assigns a distinct color to each type of grammar mistake itdetects in the text.41．If you expect to objectively assess how effectively your content will connect with your readers, you are likely to turn to______.A．Grammarly B．Thesaurus C．Hemingway App D．all42．Who are probably NOT the intended readers of this passage?A．Fiction writers looking for real life materials to spark their creativity.B．Non-native English speakers wanting to improve their writing proficiency.C．Language enthusiasts interested in exploring different web-based tools.D．Magazine editors whose role involves reviewing and polishing manuscripts.I was among 31 murderers sent to the Louisiana State Penitentiary in 1962 to beexecuted or imprisoned for life. We were unskilled, impulsive and uneducated misfits, mostly black, who had done dumb, impulsive things — failures, rejects from the larger society. Now a generation has passed since I’ve been here, and everything is much the same as I found it. The vast majority of us are handed over to suffer and die here so politicians can sell the illusion that permanently putting people to prison will make society safe.Getting tough has always been a “silver bullet”, a quick FIX for the crime and violence that society fears. Each year in Louisiana — where excess is a way of life — law-makers have tried to outdo each other in legislating harsher penalties. The only thing to do with criminals, they say, is get tougher. In the process, the state boasts one of the highest look-up rates in the country, and imposes the most severe penalties in the nation.If getting tough resulted in public safety, Louisiana citizens would be the safest in the nation. They’re not. Louisiana has the highest murder rate among states. Prison, like the police and the courts, has a minimal impact on crime because it is a response after the fact, it doesn’t work. The idea of punishing the few to discourage the many is fake because potential criminals either think they’re not going to get caught or they’re so psychologically distressed that they don’t care. about the consequences of their actions. The threatened punishment, regardless of its severity, is never a factor in the equation.Prison has a role in public safety, but it is not a cure-all. The only effective way to contain crime is for society to work to prevent the criminal act in the first place. Our youngsters must be taught to respect humanity of others and to handle dispute without violence. It is essential to educate and equip them with the skills to pursue their life ambitions in a meaningful way. As a community, we must address the adverse life circumstances that breed criminality. These things are not quick, and they are not easy, but they are effective. Politicians think that’s too hard a sell. They want something they can point to at re-election time. So the drumbeat goes on for more police, more prisons, more of the same failed policies.Ever see a dog chase its own tail?43．Which of the following situations is not regarded as a “silver bullet”?A．Employing a roundabout way to help students correct their mistakes.B．Setting up refuges to shelter the homeless war victims.C．Training farmers with farming techniques to help them out of poverty.D．Adopting effective policies to save economy from worsening.44．According to the passage, law makers’ failure to make proper legislation is due to the factA．they are proud and boastful of high lock-up rates B．they fail to address the root of the problemC．they don’t treat people of different races alike D．they give priority to precaution over punishmentA．turn over a new leaf.B．get a kick out of itC．an eye for an eye.D．prevention is better than cure 46．What is the best title for the passage?A．Prisons — A Tool for Election.B．Why Prisons Don’t WorkC．An Appeal from a Murderer.D．Why Society Is a Safer PlaceWhich Languages Take the Longest to LearnThe difficulty in learning a foreign language lies not only in its inherent complexity. The main reason a language is hard is that it is different from your own. What underlies the difficulty of such languages for an English-speaker?The first thing many learners will think of is the writing system. 47 Chinese stands out for its difficulty. It is commonly said that a learner must memorize around 2, 000 characters to be able to read a newspaper. But even this estimate is criticized. Someone with 2, 000 characters will still have to look up unfamiliar ones in every few lines of text.A second way languages can be hard is with sounds and distinctions that do not exist in the learner's language. To an English-speaker, the novelties include the clicks of many African languages. 48 Mandarin and Cantonese have tones, meaning ma with an even pitch and ma with a falling one are different words.The vocabulary obviously matters too. Most European languages share an ancestor (called proto-Indo European) and so their words, too,often come in related pairs.If you know water in Spanish is agua, it is easy to figure out Italian acqua and English aquatic. Languages unrelated to the European ones (Arabic from the Semitic family, or Chinese from the Sino-Tibetan one) will not only lack the “genetic” overlap in vocabulary. 49 .Finally,there is grammar.Many people associate tricky grammar with long lists of endings that change according to a word's use in a sentence. Many languages even feature anending on verbs indicating how the speaker knows the information to be true.50 If you want to learn a language just for fun,start with Swedish. If you want to accumulate an impressive number, stay in Europe.But if you really want to impress, mastering Mandarin is the sign of the true linguistic Ironman.A．They are culturally distant, and so have far less borrowed European vocabulary too.B．This more than anything else accounts for the difficulty of the language.C．Indeed, none of the hardest languages is written with the Latin alphabet used by most European languages.D．But foreign writing systems need not be difficult.E．The overall hardness of a language can be seen as the sum of the difficulty of its writing system, sounds, words and grammar.F．But just as hard is the problem of languages that differ from your own.五、书面表达51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Does Reading Improve HealthWhen thinking about our well being and taking care of ourselves, some things that we should do are harder than others. Reading is one of the easier ones. What follows are a number of ways in which reading can help maintain and improve health.Reading allows you to de-stress by unplugging and escaping. In one study, reading was found to be as effective as yoga and humor in reducing subjective feelings of stress over a 30-minute period, as well as blood pressure and heart rate. Note that a good old-fashioned book or a dedicated eBook reader is the best way to do this.Readers may live longer than non-readers. One study found that this was supposed to be due to the effect that reading has on maintaining cognitive abilities over time. In another study of individuals aged 64 and over, those who read at least once a week were less likely to experience cognitive decline than those who did not. At the 14-year mark of the study, and regardless of educational level, those who read more enjoyed greater protection. This effect is maintained into readers’ 80’s.Bibliotherapy, or the use of various reading materials for the promotion of psychologicalhealth, is a well-known aid to mental health treatment. Bibliotherapy can consist of any type of literature and may include self-help books, focused readings, first-hand accounts of others’ experiences, and even relevant fiction. This can be a powerful strategy and has been used successfully to reduce depression, suicidal thinking, anxiety, stress and etc.The benefits of reading are innumerable and reading is a low to no-cost activity. Cheap and no-cost books are everywhere. Public libraries continue to be one of the most amazing resources. If you aren’t a natural reader, you have nothing to lose by giving it a try.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________六、翻译52．虽然青少年爱和父母顶嘴，但是他们内心是尊重父母的。
上海市浦东新区2024届高三年级一模考试英语试卷(附答案)
上海市浦东新区2024届高三年级一模考试英语试卷(本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟)第一卷I.Listening Comprehension(25分)Section ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.5:15. B.5:30. C.5:45. D.6:45.2.A.At a reception desk. B.At a trade fair.C.At a Lost and Found.D.At an exhibition.3.A.Manager and secretary. B.Waiter and diner.C.Customer and salesman.D.Guest and front desk staff.4. A.He'll take her to the hospital. B.He'll tell her what she's missed.C.He'll inform her of the latest news.D.He'll bring her the class notes.5. A.Wash his clothes by hand. B.Wash fewer clothes at a time.e a different washing machine.D.Let her use the washing machine first.6.A.Sell the car to the woman. B.Help the woman paint her car.C.Buy a brand new car.D.Bargain for the old car.7.A.He no longer watches much television.B.He prefers the comedies from the nineties.C.The old shows are not as popular as the new ones. comedies haven't improved since the nineties.8. A.They need a new radio, B.The radio should be repaired.C.The batteries should be taken out.D.They needn't replace the batteries.9.A.He has got everything set for the trip. B.They could stay in the mountain until June.C.They might have to change their plan.D.He has a heavier workload than the woman.10.A.He has been to the library twice to look for the bookB.He will return the book to a library out of town.C.He called the library to say the book would be overdueD.He couldn't return the book because he was away.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hearquestion,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.To remind himself of his grandfather's love.B.To give himself a positive psychological hint.C.To ensure his safety during the exam.D.To boost his brain power and memory.12.A Enrolling in extra courses at tutorial centers.B.Sticking to their daily diets and avoiding oily food.C Rewarding themselves with some breaks.D.Wearing green underwear in hope of blessing.13.Cramming for the exam the night before it.B.Avoiding sleeping late before the exam.C.loading yourself with much reviewing work.D.Starting revision plans well ahead of time.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Belgium. B.France. C.U.K. D.China.15,A.12hours. B.18hours. C.24hours. D.6hours.16,A.Public transportation workers.B.Motorists with a special helmet.C.People living at the Green Areas.D.Persons with a special permit.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Various cultural activities, B.Their hobbies and talents.C.A plan for the summer holiday.D.An adventure in a foreign country18.A.By borrowing money from parents, B.By organizing a talent show.C.By doing part-time jobs,D.By applying for a travel grant19.A.Explaining the educational value of the trip.B.Demonstrating necessary surviving skills.C.Keeping them informed of their travel,ND.Taking them to a travel reality show.20.A.To convince their parents.B.To fund-raise activities.C.To research destinations and planning the route.D.To document the journey through blogs.I.Grammar and Vocabulary(20分)Section ADirections:After reading the passage below.fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife Report Calls for ActionThe World Wide Fund for Nature released its Living Planet Report,which found that the Earth's wildlife populations have fallen by69%in the past50years.The report is produced every two years to show how the natural world is changing,so governments,businesses,and conservationists understand(21)whet needs to be done to protect the Earth.The team looks at several factors.One is the Living Planet Index(LPI), (22)____examines how wildlife populations have changed over time.A total of5,268species across the world have been tracked,including birds,fish,insects,and mammals.The change in wildlife varies around the world.South America and the Caribbean are the most affected.In these areas,the average wildlife populations have dropped by94%over50years. Central Asia and Europe have(23)_____(small)decline,with an18%drop.The WWF says the changes are caused by human activity(One of the biggest threats(24)______(face)wildlife is the number of acres of forest that are being chopped down(25)___________the land can be used for farming instead.To find the best way to protect animals worldwide,the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)is studying how easy or hard(26)_____will be to help different species.It has so far found that the populations of several animals,including the pink pigeon and the Sumatran rhino,(27)_____be boosted.While some news from the Living Planet Report is worrisome,there is good news,too.Up to now the numbers of many species(28)_____(rise)around the world because of people's efforts to protect them.In India,the number of tigers has nearly doubled since2009.And in2020,there were more than50sightings of the critically(29)_____(endanger)Antarctic blue whale.In the US,conservation efforts in recent decades have helped to save several species, including the bald eagle,which(3)______(remove)from the threatened species list in2007.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.assigned.B.bond.C.consequently.D.deliberately.E.discomfortF.eliminateG.measured.H.pass.I.reluctantJ.revealK.sympatheticThere are plenty of complaints about how social media—texting in particular—may be harming children's social and intellectual development.But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging(IM'ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits,particularly for introverts,who are___31___to tell their thoughts to others.British researchers analyzed150conversations exchanged by231teens.In100of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral.After the chat, participants reported a20%reduction in their distress—not enough to completely___32___it but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.“Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may___33___contribute to their well-being,"the authors write,noting provide emotional relief and that prior research has shown that people___34___to talk to strangers either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings,but even more with IM.And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report(feeling closer to them than those who just communicate with each other face-to-face,implying a strengthening of their___35___.Why would digital communication beat human contact?The regions are complex,but may have something to do with the fact that users can control their expressions of sadness and other emotions they may be having via IM without having to___36___emotional elements such as tears, which some may consider as embarrassing or sources of___37___.Studies also show that the anonymity(匿名)of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safely.Prior research has shown that expressive writing itself can"vent"emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing so,knowing that your words are reaching a(n)___38___friend may be even more therapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extroverts did.In fact,introverts care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues,but even the most socially skilled ones sometimes long for a free___39___from having to socialize or having to talk on the phone.This is what the Internet___40___offers:the chance to connect—but ins(剂量)and from behind a screen.III.Reading Comprehension(45分)Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A skywell,or"tian jing",is a tvpical feature of a traditional home in China.___41___a northern Chinese courtyard,or“yuan zi”a skvwell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment.They are___42___seen in homes dating to Ming and Qing dynasties,which were designed to____43_____different generations of relatives.Although a skywell's size and design vary from region to region,it is always rectangular and located in the Core of a house,either___44___by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed.When wind blows above a skywell house,it can enter the indoor space through the opening.Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air,the___45___breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air___46___by replacing warmer indoor air,which rises and leaves through the opening.The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light,improve ventilation(通风)and___47___ rainwater.In Huizhou,a skywell is small but tall,and the rooms around it can___48___sunlight on hot days,enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool.___49___hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell,which“works just like a___50___”As a(n)___51___space between indoor life and the outdoor environment,a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside.But the largest part of skywell's cooling effect actually comes when there are bodies of water in the enclosure.Evaporated water cools hot air,a process known as evaporative cooling which is___52___in Huizhou skywells.In the past,Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth.Skywells therefore have channels around them to___53___rainwater coming from the roofs.Though existing in China for hundreds of years,in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern___54___.Over the past two decades,however,due to a___55 ___of traditional Chinese architecture,skywell buildings have been making a comeback.41.A.Parallel with B.Different from. C.Close to D.Symbolic ofmonly B.rarely C.apparently D.currently43.A.bind B.gather C.house. D.honor44.A.enclosed B.separated C.accompanied. D.replaced45.A.calming B.refreshing C.incoming. D.upcoming 46,A pollution B.pressure C.current. D.circulation47.A,promise B.harvest C.stop. D.process48.A.block out B,bathe in C.allow for. D.let out49.A.Nevertheless B.Meanwhile C.Similarly D.Rather.50.A.well B.column C.chimney. D.ceiling51.A.ideal B.leisure. C.alternative. D.transition52.A.well-reflected B.well-shaded. C.well-developed. D.well-organized53.A.collect. B.purify. C.drain. D.evaporate54.A.techniques. B.facilities. C.styles. D.inventions55.A.reunion. B.reminder. C.renewal. D.rearrangement Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As mountains go,1,642-foot Squaw Peak isn't particularly imposing.But its inviting views of western Massachusetts have tricked hikers into becoming less cautious among its steep,slippery cliffs,resulting in countless injuries and even deaths.Henry Grant,a week before starting his freshman year,respected Squaw Peak's record.As such,he stayed a good ten feet from the edge while waiting for his mother to catch up to him one day in August2019.He watched15or so other hikers enjoy the view;one hiker,around60and dressed in pink,was peeking over the lip of the cliff with her husband.Suddenly he heard something frightening:“Paula!Paula!”a man yelled frantically.Grant turned around.The woman in pink was nowhere to be seen.Several hikers immediately started looking for her.Uncertain they could help,Grant and his mother headed down the trail.But when he saw hikers still searching,he decided to lend a hand.“My young dumb brain was like,I can do it,"he says.After15minutes of scrambling over rocks,Grant spotted a figure in pink.The woman had fallen about75feet.Miraculously,she was alive.“Paula!”Grant shouted.“Paula.Is that you?”The woman barely responded.She was clearly hurt and delirious.Grant called911and waited, but she kept trying to move,and every time she moved,she slipped a little more.Afraid that in her disorderly state of mind she might fall off the rock to her death,Grant crawled on all fours up a tight,narrow path,gaining friction by digging into the dirt with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula.Securing himself against a tree,Grant tried to keep her mind off the pain by intervening with questions;“Where are you from?What do you do for a living?Do you have kids?”About45minutes later,first responders arrived,To reach them,a rescuer lowered down and lifted Paula up.Paula,who has fully recovered,is Paula Kaplan-Reiss,a New Jersey psychologist who had traveled to the Berkshire mountains of Massachusetts for some relief following her mother's death. Instead,she met a young man who,as she stated in a letter to the Boston Globe,was her new hero.56.Paula's accident on Squaw Peak is most likely the result of_________.A.the heavy blow caused by her mother's deathB.the slippery cliffs that resulted in many injuries and deathsC.her being less safety-conscious at the breathtaking views.D.her husband's neglect of care while accompanying her57.What does the underlined word“delirious”in Paragraph6mean according to the context?A.Unable to move.B.Unable to stay conscious.C.Unable to talk.D.Unable to think clearly.58.Why did Grand keep asking Paula questions?A.To distract her attention from the pain.B.To find out her condition.C.To encourage her to hold on.D.To get to know her better.59.What kind of person is Henry Grant according to the article?A.Dumb and brave.B.Decisive and sensible.C.Respectful and caring.D.Reserved and calm.(B)While writing plain English is no challenge,most of us struggle to find words or phrases to perfectly fall in place with the content.To help you improve your writing skills in English,we have collected some of the best web resources dedicated to this mission.Grammarly●Grammarly is one of the best online resources to grammarlysignificantly improve your vocabulary and writing.It isbasically an online word processor,which goes beyond others incorrecting over250types of English mistakes.Thespell-checker and vocabulary enhancer are the standout features of Grammarly.●Since the Grammarly app is also available for your web browser,you can simply install the extension and edit all of your Emails,social media posts,or any content that you create from your web browser.●Although Grammarly is offered as free installation,a premium plan does exist which costs around$29.95/month.Thesaurus●Thesaurus is one of the vital tools that every goodEnglish writer has in their storehouse.Building onvocabulary is essential and that is what Thesaurus justoffers.Thesaurus helps users by providing alternativewords and phrases to perfectly express themselves.It alsooffers the best collection of synonyms and antonyms.●Overuse of cliches.adverbs or bulky phrases is some examples of poor writing,which needs to be addressed.In this case,the Thesaurus has a collection of some of the most overused expressions that must be avoided in written English.●Sharpen your English skills with this powerful online and mobile application tool for free. Hemingway App●The Hemingway App is a wonderful web-based and desktop software to help you edit your written English.It tackles a lot of subtle differences in English writing,like very complex sentences,uses of passive voice and much ing Hemingway App,all of your wordy sentences are highlighted in yellow and irrelevant content in red.●The Hemingway app also provides a readability score for theentered text,which you could use to analyze the structure of thecontent you've written and build a connection with your readers.●Though available as a free version for web interfaces,the standalonedesktop software for Mac and Windows costs$9.99/month.60.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A.Grammarly is primarily focused on helping improve spelling and grammar in writing.B.Thesaurus offers a large collection of word entries to enhance vocabulary.C.The Hemingway App's premium desktop software is available for a one-time payment of S9.99.D.The Hemingway App assigns a distinct color to each type of grammar mistake it detects in the text.61.If you expect to objectively assess how effectively your content will connect with your readers,you are likely to turn to______.A.GrammarlyB.ThesaurusC.Hemingway AppD.all62.Who are probably NOT the intended readers of this passage?A.Fiction writers looking for real life materials to spark their creativity.B.Non-native English speakers wanting to improve their writing proficiency?nguage enthusiasts interested in exploring different web-based tools.D.Magazine editors whose role involves reviewing and polishing/manuscripts.(C)I was among31murderers sent to the Louisiana State Penitentiary in1962to be executed or imprisoned for life.We were unskilled,impulsive and uneducated misfits,mostly black,who had done dumb,impulsive things—failures,rejects from the larger society.Now a generation has passed since I've been here,and everything is much the same as I found it.The vast majority of us are handed over to suffer and die here so politicians can sell the illusion that permanently putting. people to prison will make society safe.Getting tough has always been a"silver bullet",a quick FIX for the crime and violence that society fears.Each year in Louisiana—where excess is a way of life—law-makers have tried to outdo each other in legislating harsher penalties.The only thing to do with criminals,they say,is get tougher.In the process,the state boasts one of the highest look-up rates in the country,andimposes the most severe penalties in the nation.If getting tough resulted in public safety,Louisiana citizens would be the safest in the nation. They're not.Louisiana has the highest murder rate among states.Prison,like the police and the courts,has a minimal impact on crime because it is a response after the fact,Ht doesn't work.The idea of punishing the few to discourage the many is fake because potential criminals either think they're not going to get caught or they're so psychologically distressed that they don't care.about the consequences of their actions.The threatened punishment,regardless of its severity,is never a factor in the equation.Prison has a role in public safety,but it is not a cure-all.The only effective way to contain crime is for society to work to prevent the criminal act in the first place.Our youngsters must be taught to respect humanity of others and to handle dispute without violence.It is essential to educate and equip them with the skills to pursue their life ambitions in a meaningful way.As a community,we must address the adverse life circumstances that breed criminality.These things are not quick,and they are not easy,but they are effective.Politicians think that's too hard a sell. They want something they can point to at re-election time.So the drumbeat goes on for more police,more prisons,more of the same failed policies.Ever see a dog chase its own tail?63,Which of the following situations is not regarded as a"silver bullet"?A Employing a roundabout way to help students correct their mistakes.B.Setting up refuges to shelter the homeless war victims.C.Training farmers with farming techniques to help them out of poverty.D.Adopting effective policies to save economy from worsening.64.According to the passage,law makers'failure to make proper legislation is due to the fact that_______.A.they are proud and boastful of high lock-up ratesB.they fail to address the root of the problemC.they don't treat people of different races alikeD.they give priority to precaution over punishment65.The idiom best describing the effective way to ease the severity of crime in Louisiana is_____A.turn over a new leaf.B.get a kick out of itC.an eye for an eye.D.prevention is better than cure66.What is the best title for the passage?A.Prisons—A Tool for Election.B.Why Prisons Don't WorkC.An Appeal from a Murderer.D.Why Society Is a Safer Place Section CDirections:Read the following passages.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They are culturally distant,and so have far less borrowed European vocabulary too.B.This more than anything else accounts for the difficulty of the language.C.Indeed,none of the hardest languages is written with the Latin alphabet used by most European languages.D.But foreign writing systems need not be difficult.E.The overall hardness of a language can be seen as the sum of the difficulty of its writing system,sounds,words and grammar.F.But just as hart is the problem of languages that make distinctions our language does notWhich Languages Take the Longest to LearnThe difficulty in learning a foreign language lies not only in its inherent complexity.The main reason a language is hard is that it is different from your own.What underlies the difficulty of such languages for an English-speaker?The first thing many learners will think of is the writing system. ______67______Chinesestands out for its difficulty.It is commonly said that a learner must memorize around2,000characters to be able to read a newspaper.But even this estimate is criticized.Someone with2,000characters will still have to look up unfamiliar ones in every few lines of text.A second way languages can be hard is with sounds and distinctions that do not exist in the learner's language,To an English-speaker,the novelties include the clicks of many African languages._______68_______Mandarin and Cantonese have tones,meaning ma with an even pitch and ma with a falling one are different words.The vocabulary obviously matters too.Most European languages share an ancestor(called proto-Indo European)and so their words,too,often come in related pairs.If you know water in Spanish is agua,it is easy to figure out Italian acqua and English nguages unrelated to the European ones(Arabic from the Semitic family,or Chinese from the Sino-Tibetan one) will not only lack the“genetic”overlap in vocabulary.____69______.Finally,there is grammar.Many people associate tricky grammar with long lists of endings that change according to a word's use in a sentence Many languages even feature an ending on verbs indicating how the speaker knows the information to be true._____70_____If you want to learn a language just for fun,start with Swedish,If you want to accumulate an impressive number.Stay in Europe.But if you really want to impress. mastering Mandarin is the sign of the true linguistic Ironman.IV.Summary Writing(10分)71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Does Reading Improve HealthWhen thinking about our well being and taking care of ourselves,some things that weshould do are harder than others.Reading is one of the easier ones.What follows are a number of ways in which reading can help maintain and improve health.Reading allows you to de-stress by unplugging and escaping.In one study,reading was found to be as effective as yoga and humor in reducing subjective feelings of stress over a30-minute period,as well as blood pressure and heart rate.Note that a good old-fashioned book or a dedicated eBook reader is the best way to do this.Readers may live longer than non-readers.One study found that this was supposed to be due to the effect that reading has on maintaining cognitive abilities over time.In another study of individuals aged64and over,those who read at least once a week were less likely to experience cognitive decline than those who did not.At the14-year mark of the study,and regardless of educational level,those who read more enjoyed greater protection.This effect is maintained into readers'80's.Bibliotherapy,or the use of various reading materials for the promotion of psychological health,is a well-known aid to mental health treatment.Bibliotherapy can consist of any type of literature and may include self-help books,focused readings,first-hand accounts of others' experiences,and even relevant fiction.This can be a powerful strategy and has been used successfully to reduce depression,suicidal thinking,anxiety,stress and etc.The benefits of reading are innumerable and reading is a low to no-cost activity.Cheap and no-cost books are everywhere,Public libraries continue to be one of the most amazing resources.If you aren't a natural reader,you have nothing to lose by giving it a try.第二卷V.Translation(15分）Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.虽然青少年爱和父母顶嘴，但是他们内心是尊重父母的。
上海市浦东新区2019-2020学年九年级上学期期末(一模)英语试题及参考答案
A．amazingB．amazedC．disappointingD．disappointed
19．—Mr. Jones, ______
—Thபைடு நூலகம்t's a pity.
A．I am glad to see you again.B．I have made some sandwiches for you.
C．I haven't finished my task in time.D．I can play the piano with both hands.
15．Mr. Pitt had to cheer up soon, ______ he would lose the game completely.
A．andB．soC．butD．or
16．Many old Britons are still afraid to travel ______ the tunnel between England and France.
A．WhatB．What aC．How aD．How
12．At weekends, I do all my housework on one day, so ______ day I'm free to relax.
A．otherB．othersC．the otherD．another
13．—Who will be responsible for the operation, Jim or Nancy?
2019届上海市浦东新区初三中考语文一模卷带答案
2019.1(考试时间：100分钟；总分：150分)考生注意：本卷共有27 题，请将所有答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上不计分。
）1.草枯鹰眼疾，。
（《观猎》）2. ，带月荷锄归。
（《归园田居》）3. ，尘暗旧貂裘。
（《诉衷情》）4.孤村落日残霞，。
（《天净沙·秋》）5.浮光跃金，。
（《岳阳楼记》）破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄辛弃疾醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。
八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声,沙场秋点兵。
马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。
了却君王天下事,赢得生前身后名。
可怜白发生！6.“沙场”的意思是。
（2 分）7.下列对这首词理解不恰当的项是（）。
（2 分）A.上片一、二句表现了词人念念不忘杀敌报国的情怀。
B.上片三、四句表现了雄壮的军容和高昂的战斗情绪。
C.下片三、四句实写词人战斗获胜时意气昂扬的神情。
D.下片末句以沉痛的慨叹抒发了词人壮志难酬的悲愤。
①至于负者歌于途,行者休于树，前者呼,后者应,伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。
临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥：酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。
宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错,起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。
苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。
②已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。
树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。
然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太中游而乐，而不知太中之乐其乐也。
醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。
太守谓谁？庐陵欧阳修也。
8.下列选项表述错误的一项是（）。
（2 分）A.“醉翁”“六-居士”都是欧阳修的号。
B.《生查子·元夕》、《卖油翁》都是欧阳修的作品。
C.“记”是古代的一种文体，用来警戒自己或称述功德。
D.宋朝的欧阳修、苏洵、曾巩都位于“唐宋八大家”之列。
9.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。
（3 分）杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。
10.选文中游人的“乐”指：；“太守”指：。
（4 分）有鸷①曰鹘者，穴于长安荐福浮图②有年矣。
2024年上海市浦东新区高三一模全真演练物理试题(期末教学质量检测)
2024年上海市浦东新区高三一模全真演练物理试题（期末教学质量检测）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题利用如图所示电路观察电容器的充、放电现象，其中E为电源，R为定值电阻，C为电容器，A为电流表，V为电压表。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．充电过程中，电流表的示数逐渐增大后趋于稳定B．充电过程中，电压表的示数逐渐增大后趋于稳定C．放电过程中，电流表的示数均匀减小至零D．放电过程中，电压表的示数均匀减小至零第(2)题光电倍增管是进一步提高光电管灵敏度的光电转换器件。
管内除光电阴极和阳极外，两极间还放置多个瓦形倍增电极。
使用时相邻两倍增电极间均加有电压，以此来加速电子。
如图所示，光电阴极受光照后释放出光电子，在电场作用下射向第一倍增电极，引起电子的二次发射，激发出更多的电子，然后在电场作用下飞向下一个倍增电极，又激发出更多的电子，如此电子数不断倍增，使得光电倍增管的灵敏度比普通光电管要高得多，可用来检测微弱光信号。
下列说法正确的是（）A．光电倍增管正常工作时，每个倍增电极上都发生了光电效应B．光电倍增管中增值的能量来源于照射光C．图中标号为偶数的倍增电极的电势要高于标号为奇数的电极的电势D．适当增大倍增电极间的电压有利于探测更微弱的信号第(3)题将物体以一定初速度在某行星表面竖直上抛，从抛出开始计时，落回抛出点前，物体第1s内和第4s内通过的位移大小相等。
已知该行星半径和地球半径相同的，地球表面的重力加速度为，不计空气阻力，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．地球的平均密度和该行星的平均密度之比为1：5B．该行星和地球的第一宇宙速度之比为C．将物体在地球表面以相同的初速度竖直抛出后上升的最大高度1.6mD．该行星表面的自由落体加速度大小为第(4)题一定质量的理想气体从状态a变化到状态b，其体积V和热力学温度T变化图像如图所示，此过程中该系统（）A．对外界做正功B．压强保持不变C．向外界放热D．内能减少第(5)题某足球比赛过程中的一张情境示意图如图所示，下列说法正确的是（ ）A．足球在空中运动时只受重力B．足球在被踢出去之后的运动过程中，初速度与所受合力在同一条直线上C．研究足球旋转情况时不可以把足球看成质点D．足球在被踢出去之后的运动过程中，所受合力的方向指向运动轨迹的右侧（外侧）第(6)题科学训练可以提升运动成绩，某短跑运动员科学训练前后百米全程测试中，速度v与时间t的关系图像如图所示。
2019年上海市普通高中等级性考试地理试卷(附答案与解析)
绝密★启用前2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试地理试卷一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.“新速度，新经济，新时代”我国高速铁路建设是世界最完善，运行里程最长的。
在高铁建设中，需要克服多溶洞，多暗河等不利地质条件的地貌类型区是（）A.海成地貌B.黄土地貌C.岩溶地貌D.风成地貌2.横断山脉位于青藏高原，云贵髙原，四川盆地之间。
横断山脉是亚欧板块和哪一板块碰撞形成的（）A.太平洋板块B.印度洋板块C.非洲板块D.美洲板块3.学生在福建平潭的研学旅行中，观察到矗立在沙滩上的两块巨石，其矿物晶体颗粒较粗色泽较浅，其岩石可能是（）A.花岗岩B.玄武岩C.大理岩D.石灰岩4.人类首次使用射电望远镜拍下了黑洞照片，干燥的环境有助于天文观测，根据已知条件判断下列哪些地区适合天文观测（）①西欧平原②亚马孙平原③南美沙漠区④南极大陆A.①和②B.①和③C.①和④D.③和④5.某地因我国东部丽带的移动，降水一般集中在6月中旬到7月上旬，之后一段时间出现炎热干燥的天气，这一地方位于（）A.华北平原B.东北平原C.长江三角洲D.珠江三角洲6.赤道以南莫桑比克等地区受热带气旋“伊代”影响该地区的天气系统应是（）A B C D 7.增加绿地面积会给城市带来的影响（）A.植物蒸腾会减少B.下渗减少C.海洋输送水汽减少D.地下径流增加8.当厄尔尼诺发生时，太平洋东部表层海水（）A.温度升高，暴雨B.温度升高，干旱C.温度降低，干旱D.温度降低，暴雨9.甲省位于我国东南部地区，乙省位于胡焕庸线北侧，表格为两省三个年龄段的人口变A.环境人口容量更大B.少年儿童人口量少C.尚未进入老龄化D.劳动人口需求缺口大10.非洲北部的利比亚战乱不断，一些国民分分向其他国家迁移，这种迁移方式是（）A.智利迁移B.难民迁移C.劳务迁移D.生态移民11.2018年香港金融业产值排名全球第三。
香港的主要土地利用类型为（）A.商业用地和居住用地B.商业用地和工业用地C.工业用地和农业用地D.工业用地和居住用12.近年来，上海郊区瓜果飘香，鲜花争艳，影响该变化的原因是（）A.市场需求变化B.劳动力减少C.城市热岛效应加剧D.水资源减少13.2019年4月，上海张江生物医学产业园新增四个产业园，生物医学产业在此聚集的主导区位因素是（）A.劳动力数量B.能源矿产C.交通运输D.科学技术-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效----------------毕业学校_____________姓名________________考生号_____________________________________________14.我国的“妈祖信仰”已成为世界非物质文化遗产，妈祖文化盛行于（）A.江南水乡B.四川盆地C.华南沿海D.云贵高原15.如图所示，下列叙述正确的是（）①中心城区人口密度减小②远郊对人口吸引力上升③城市总人口上升④远郊人口向近郊区迁移A.①②B.②③C.②④D.①④16.遥感技术广泛运用于众多领域。
2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试(高清重绘版)
2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试地理试卷考生注意：试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为综合分析题，所有试题均为简答题。
答题前，务必在答题纸站填写姓名、报名号、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案。
）1.“新速度，新经济，新时代”我国高速铁路建设是世界最完善，运行里程最长的。
在高铁建设中，需要克服多溶洞，多暗河等不利地质条件的地貌类型区是（）A.海岸地貌B.黄土地貌C.岩溶地貌D.风成地貌2.横断山脉位于青藏高原与四川盆地、云贵高原之间，主要由亚欧板块与某一板块碰撞而形成，这一板块是（）A.太平洋板块B.印度洋板块C.非洲板块D.美洲板块3.学生在福建平潭的研学旅行中，观察到矗立在沙滩上的两块巨石，其矿物晶体颗粒较粗，色泽较浅，其岩石可能是（）A.花岗岩B.玄武岩C.大理岩D.石灰岩4.人类首次使用射电望远镜拍下了黑洞照片，干燥的环境有助于天文观测。
下列符合这一条件的理想观测点位于（）①西欧平原②亚马孙平原③南美沙漠④南极大陆A.①②B.②③C.①④D.③④5.我国有那么一个地方，因东部雨带的移动，降水一般集中于6月中旬到7月上旬，之后一段时间出现炎热干燥的天气。
这一地方位于（）A.华北平原B.东北平原C.长江三角洲D.珠江三角洲6.2019年3月，赤道以南的莫桑比克等国遭受热带气旋“伊代”影响。
下列各图中反映“伊代”天气系统的是（）A. B. C. D.7.2000年到2017年全球新增绿化面积的1/4来自中国。
一般来说，增加绿化面积会给水循环带来的影响是（）A.植物植物蒸腾会减少B.下渗量明显减少C.海洋水汽输送量增大D.地下水径流量增大8.当厄尔尼诺发生时，太平洋东部表层海水（）A.温度升高，暴雨B.温度升高，干旱C.温度降低，暴雨D.温度降低，干旱9.甲省位于胡焕庸线东侧，乙省位于胡焕庸线西侧，表格为两省三个年龄段的人口变化。
2020-2021学年上海地理等级考一二模分类汇编--城市
5 037*斌耳乞时■—=瓏瓯丈iS万人丿千禾〉A .自然环境B .交通条件C •土地价格D .科学技术 2020-2021学年上海地理等级考分类汇编--城市．选择题（共36小题）1.（2021•长宁区一模）如图是采用手机信号定位获取的某市新建城区工作日人口分布变化示意图，影响甲城市功能区分布的最主要因素是（）2.（2021•长宁区一模）马来西亚吉隆坡附近利用矿坑湖（矿坑积水成湖）和废置矿场，建起集主题公园、酒店和度假村、购物中心和商业城、国际会展中心、高档住宅区等为一体的休闲城。
影响该休闲城布局的主要有利条件是（） ①土地价格较低②距离吉隆坡较近，交通便捷③具有观赏价值的自然资源④人口和经济活动高度集中A .①②B .③④C .②④D .①③C .商业区、工业区、居住区D .商业区、居住区、工业区B. ②是住宅区C. ④处宜布局钢铁工业D. ⑤处宜布局高新技术产业5. （2021•嘉定区一模）近年来上海的很多商业中心出现了地下大型卖场，因为这里（ ①交通便捷3.（2021•闵行区一模）在南亚某城市简图中，甲、乙、丙对应的城市功能区是（）乙4丙 —公路 X 铁路働风銀区=河流A .居住B .居住区、绿化区、工业区 4.（2021•金山区一模）读图“某城市空间结构图”，下列说法中，正确的是（）EB 仞||?|毋（t 帝=■鶴舒 一禹湮企當》FUSAA .①是商业区③人流密度大④商业集聚高A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④6.（2021•长宁区一模）目前在我国大城市中心城区，中央绿地、“楼宇立体绿化”和“屋顶花园”等随处可见。
这对改善城市环境的主要作用是（）A.减轻热岛效应B.减少噪声的污染C.减少城市光污染D.降低城市风速7.（2021•杨浦区一模）如图为“我国东部某城镇工业布局示意图”，从环境保护角度考虑,下列工厂布局合理的是（）A.①自来水厂②食品厂③钢铁厂④造纸厂B.①自来水厂②钢铁厂③造纸厂④食品厂C.①食品厂②自来水厂③钢铁厂④造纸厂D.①食品厂②自来水厂③造纸厂④钢铁厂8.（2021•闵行区一模）深圳经济特区紧邻香港，成立40周年以来从3万人口的海边小城发展到人口过千万的特大城市，影响这一变化的因素主要是（）①国家政策③能源矿产④生态环境A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④9.（2020•上海模拟）如图为综合性城市示意图，甲乙丙表示的功能区为（）A.商务区、居住区、工业区B.工业区、文教区、风景区C.居住区、商务区、农业区D.风景区、农业区、文教区10.（2 020•浦东新区二模）城市中心的年降水量一般高于郊区。
2020-2021学年上海地理等级考分类汇编--人口
2020-2021学年上海地理等级考分类汇编--人口一．选择题（共36小题）1．（2021•金山区一模）如图为四国人口年龄结构示意图，a、b、c分别表示0﹣14岁、15﹣64岁、65岁及以上三个年龄段人口所占总人口的比重。
图中老龄化问题最严重的国家是（）A．①B．②C．③D．④2．（2021•奉贤区一模）第七次全国人口普查于2020年11月1日零时起正式开启普查登记。
通过人口普查登记，可以全面摸清全国及各地区的（）①人口容量②人口结构③人口数量④人口分布⑤人口素质A．①②③B．①④⑤C．②③④D．②③⑤3．（2021•嘉定区一模）第七次全国人口普查于2020年11月1日起正式开启。
人口普查可以掌握人口数量、分布、年龄结构等，这将有利于国家（）①控制资源开发②有效配置资源③完善人口政策④发展国际贸易A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④4．（2021•长宁区一模）人口普查可以了解我国人口发展的历史以及社会发生的变化。
如表是上海人口基本情况，与2016年相比较，2018年（）年份常住人口（约万人）总人口户籍人口户籍人口自然增长率2016241914500.5‰201824231462﹣1.9‰A．总人口增长率等于户籍人口自然增长率B．非本市户籍常住人口增长了约﹣0.83%C．户籍人口增长率等于户籍人口自然增长率D．人口机械增长率为2‰5．（2021•闵行区一模）下列属于人口稀疏地区的是（）A．恒河平原B．东欧平原C．四川盆地D．刚果盆地6．（2019•奉贤区二模）下列变化与人口合理容量增加呈负相关的是（）A．科技水平的提高B．自然环境的改善C．区域开发程度的加大D．人民消费水平的提高7．（2020•上海模拟）“十三五”规划，我国九百多万贫困人口通过“易地扶贫搬迁”实现脱贫，这种人口迁移方式属于（）A．劳务迁移B．难民迁移C．智力迁移D．生态移民8．（2020•静安区二模）一般来说，影响人口容量最重要的因素是（）A．科学技术水平B．自然资源与环境C．对外开放程度D．人均资源消费水平9．（2020•浦东新区二模）老年抚养比是指老年人口数量与劳动年龄人口数量的比值。
上海市浦东新区2024届中考一模考试物理试卷(含答案)
上海市浦东新区2024届中考一模考试物理试卷一、选择题（本大题共6题，每题2分，共12分。
每题只有一个正确选项） 1．下列物理量中，可以鉴别物质的是A ．质量B ．密度C ．体积D ．重力2．研究得出“导体中电流与电压的关系”的科学家是A ．库仑B ．安培C ．伏特D ．欧姆3．如图1所示道路中为视障人士铺设的盲道，表面有不同形状的凸起，其目的是为了A ．增大压力B ．减小压力C ．增大压强D ．减小压强4．影响导体电阻大小的因素可以是A ．长度B ．电流C ．电压D ．电荷量5．如图2所示，甲、乙两个实心均匀正方体放在水平地面上，甲的质量小于乙的质量。
现将甲沿竖直方向切去比例n 1，乙沿竖直方向切去比例n 2，并将切去部分叠放在各自剩余部分的上方后，甲、乙剩余部分对水平地面的压强相等。
则n 1、n 2的大小关系是 A ．n 1＞n 2 B ．n 1＜n 2 C ．n 1＝n 2 D ．无法判断6．图3所示电路，电源电压保持不变。
现将电流表A 1、A 2串联在电路中，闭合开关S ，滑动变阻器R 2的滑片P 自中点向右移动的过程中，电流表A 1示数与电流表A 2示数的比值变大。
关于电流表A 1、A 2串联在电路中的位置，下列说法中正确的是A ．电流表A 1串联在R 2支路，电流表A 2串联在R 1支路B ．电流表A 1串联在干路，电流表A 2串联在R 1支路C ．电流表A 1串联在R 2支路，电流表A 2串联在干路D ．电流表A 1串联在干路，电流表A 2串联在R 2支路 二、填空题（本大题共7题，共23分）7．我国家用照明电路的电压为________(1)伏。
教室中的电灯与电扇是________(2)（选填“串联”或“并联”）连接的，多开一盏灯，电路中的总电流将________(3)（选填“增大”“减小”或“不变”）。
8．物理知识在多个方面都有应用，图4中属于阿基米德原理应用的是________(4)；属于连通器原理应用的是________(5)；属于大气压强应用的是________(6)（均填写字母）。
2024届上海市浦东新区高三上学期期末教学质量检测(一模)物理核心考点试题
2024届上海市浦东新区高三上学期期末教学质量检测（一模）物理核心考点试题一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题关于物理学研究方法，下列叙述中正确的是（）A．伽利略在研究自由落体运动时采用了微量放大的方法B．用点电荷来代替实际带电体是采用了理想模型的方法C．在探究求合力方法的实验中使用了控制变量的方法D．法拉第在研究电磁感应现象时利用了理想实验的方法第(2)题为了研究乐音的物理规律，某同学用计算机录制下优美的笛音do和sol，然后在电脑上用软件播放，分别得到如图（a）和图（b）所示的两个振动图像，由此可以判断（ ）A．do和sol的频率之比约为3：2B．do和sol的周期之比约为2：3C．do和sol在空气中传播的速度大小之比为3：2D．do和sol在空气中传播的波长之比为3：2第(3)题许多餐厅用机器人送餐，它的动力来源于电动机，送餐机器人的部分参数如表所示。
下列说法正确的是（）功能迎宾、送餐等质量50kg移动速度0.2—0.6m/s电池容量12Ah功率最大功率100W工作电压24V最大送餐质量15kgA．机器人最大功率工作时电流是2A B．电池容量“12Ah”的“Ah”是能量单位C．机器人工作时电机直流电阻等于5.76ΩD．机器人以最大功率工作时间达不到2.88h第(4)题某同学通过拖轮胎进行体能训练，训练过程轮胎始终保持匀速运动。
轮胎与地面间的动摩擦因数一定，轮胎的重力一定，拉轮胎的绳与水平方向的夹角为θ，则训练过程中，下列判断正确的是（）A．θ越大，拉力F越大B．θ越小，拉力F越大C．地面对轮胎作用力的方向与θ大小无关D．绳的拉力与地面对轮胎的摩擦力合力竖直向下第(5)题如图所示，两根相同轻弹簧和底盘组成弹射装置，弹簧劲度系数为，底盘的质量不计。
质量为的物块置于底盘上，把底盘往下拉，当弹簧与竖直方向夹角时释放，已知释放瞬间物块加速度的大小为，则每根弹簧的伸长量为（ ）A．B．C．D．第(6)题如图所示，一塔式起重机正在工作，吊车P沿吊臂向M端水平匀速移动，吊车P和位于其正下方的重物Q通过钢绳连接，且保持相对静止。
上海市浦东新区2022届九年级上学期(一模)跨学科案例分析试卷及答案
浦东新区2021~2022年第一学期初三年级质量调研考试地理、生命科学跨学科案例分析试卷案例分析题(共15分)考生注意：请将所有笞案写在答题纸的指定位置，做在试卷上一律不计分。
阅读下列材料，回答第1~6题。
甜叶菊(学名：Stevia rebaudiana)，株高1-1.3米。
根梢肥大，50-60条，长可达25厘米。
茎直立，基部梢木质化，上部柔墩，密生短茸毛，花冠基部浅紫红色或白色，上部白色。
疲果线形，稍扁，褐色，具冠毛。
花期79月，果期911月。
原产于南美洲巴拉主、巴西的原始森林。
197年由南家中山植物因从日本引进甜叶菊，1978年试种成功。
甜叶菊喜在温暖湿润的环境中生长，但亦能耐5C的低温，气温在20-30C时最适宜茎叶生长。
甜叶菊属于对光照感性强的短目照植物，每日最多能接受12小时的日照。
甜叶菊根系浅，抗旱能力差。
甜菊糖苷是一种从甜叶菊中精提的新型天然甜味剂，而南美洲使用甜叶菊作为约草和代糖已经有几百年历史。
甜菊糖苷在人体内几乎不被代谢，食后不会产生过多热量，但其甜度为蔗糖的250-450倍，还具有一定的药理作用，对控制血糖、降低血压有很好的功效。
国际甜味剂行业的资料显示，甜菊糖苷已在亚洲、北美、南美洲和欧盟各国广泛应用于食品、饮料、调味料的生产中。
中国是全球最主要甜菊糖苷生产国。
1.根据图1和图2，以下哪个地区是没有甜叶菊分布的。
（）(1分)A.海南省B.台湾省C.山东省D.吉林省2.根据图3，A所示的当日，太阳直射的纬线是。
图中与甜叶菊的花期最相近的时期是（）(2分)A.A-BB.B-CC.C-DD.D-A3.根据材料，你认为甜叶菊在分类学上属于（）(1分)A.裸子植物B.被子植物C.蕨类植物D.苔藓植物4.甜菊糖苷的广阔市场前景吸引了不少企业的注意，西藏拉萨的某企业想尝试在当地引种甜叶菊地引种甜叶菊.（1）拉萨又被称为“日光城”，以下哪项是影响其日照时数的主要因素（）(1分)A.拉萨地广人稀B.拉萨的降水情况C.拉萨的太阳辐射量D.拉萨的海拔（2）你认为该企业的计划可行吗？请结合材料说明理由。
上海市2021-2022学年地理等级考--原因分析答题模板及案例及课后作业
原因分析类综合题总结历年等级考试题统计分析分值分析年代试题分值201622．这种差异反映了哪种地域分异规律？简释产生这种差异的原因。
（4分）23．这体现了哪种地域分异规律？简释产生这种变化的原因。
（2分）30．根据美国大豆主产区的农业地域类型及其生产特点，分析美国大豆市产的原因。
（2分）31．从农业区位的角度，分析巴西大豆产量迅速增加的原因。
（4分）18分32．以中国大豆主产区之一华北地区为例，运用雨带推移的知识，分析该地区7、8月大豆生长的关键阶段经常出现异常天气的原因。
6分）2017分析芬兰亚寒带针叶林广泛分布的自然地理原因。
（4分）26．分析影响图示震区开展救灾工作的不利自然条件。
（6分）16分30. 从气候的角度，分析白洋淀 1、2 月和 5、6 月水位偏低的原因。
（6分）201827．粤港澳大湾区在建设宜居、宜游的优质生活圈。
分析该区冬季温暖，夏季酷热天数较少的原因。
（ 6分）31．分析天山北坡泥石流多发生在夏季的原因。
（8分）14分201921．从大气环流、地形、洋流的角度分析波尔多气候温和湿润的原因（6 分）22．从水资源和交通两个角度分析法国南部开通南运河的原因（4 分）12分31．印度度尼西亚轨道交通建设有什么地质灾害，请选出一个说出成因。
（2分）202022．自然地理角度，分析金奈洪涝多发原因（6 分）25．概述长三角PM2.5浓度南北差异并说明该差异主要原因。
（6 分）26．推测PM2.5浓度冬夏季节差异并用大气逆温原理解释其原因。
（6 分）24分30．羊绒业的发展有赖于畜牧业，从自然因素角度，简述蒙古国46° N以北和以南地区发展畜牧业的区位条件，并分析水分条件南北差异的主要原因。
（6 分）202122.东大河进入金昌市域后，地表径流量不断减少，分析其原因。
(6分)26.2020年12月末，上海经历了一次超强寒潮天气过程。
判断12月31日影响.上海的天 气系统，并说明其原因。
上海市浦东新区普通高中2024年高三第一次模拟考试物理试卷含解析
上海市浦东新区普通高中2024年高三第一次模拟考试物理试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、我国不少地方在节日期间有挂红灯笼的习俗。
如图，质量为m的灯笼用两根长度一定的轻绳OA、OB悬挂在水平天花板上，O为结点，OA>OB，∠AOB=90°。
设OA、OB对O点的拉力大小分别为F A、F B，轻绳能够承受足够大的拉力，则（）A．F A大于F BB．F A、F B的合力大于mgC．若左右调节A点位置，可使F A等于F BD．若左右调节A点位置，可使F A、F B均大于mg2、教师在课堂上做了两个小实验，让小明同学印象深刻。
第一个实验叫做“旋转的液体”，在玻璃皿的中心放一个圆柱形电极，沿边缘内壁放一个圆环形电极，把它们分别与电池的两极相连，然后在玻璃皿中放入导电液体，例如盐水，如果把玻璃皿放在磁场中，液体就会旋转起来，如图甲所示。
第二个实验叫做“振动的弹簧”，把一根柔软的弹簧悬挂起来，使它的下端刚好跟槽中的水银接触，通电后，发现弹簧不断上下振动，如图乙所示。
下列关于这两个趣味实验的说法正确的是（）A．图甲中，如果改变磁场的方向，液体的旋转方向不变B．图甲中，如果改变电源的正负极，液体的旋转方向不变C ．图乙中，如果改变电源的正负极，依然可以观察到弹簧不断上下振动D ．图乙中，如果将水银换成酒精，依然可以观察到弹簧不断上下振动 3、下面列出的是一些核反应方程，针对核反应方程下列说法正确的是（ ） ①2382349290U Th+X →②234112H+H He+Y → ③9210415Be+H B+K →④2351901369203854U+n Sr+Xe+10M →A ．核反应方程①是重核裂变，X 是α粒子B ．核反应方程②是轻核聚变，Y 是中子C ．核反应方程③是太阳内部发生的核聚变，K 是正电子D ．核反应方程④是衰变方程，M 是中子4、如图所示，将两个质量均为m ，带电量分别为+q 、﹣q 的小球a 、b 用绝缘细线悬挂于O 点，置于水平方向的匀强电场中，用力F 拉小球a ，使整个装置处于平衡状态，且悬线Oa 与竖直方向的夹角为30°．则F 的大小可能为（ ）A ．mgB ．mgC ．mgD ．mg5、伽利略在研究力和运动的关系的时候，用两个对接的斜面，一个斜面固定，让小球从斜面上滚下，又滚上另一个倾角可以改变的斜面，斜面倾角逐渐改变至零，如图所示．伽利略设计这个实验的目的是为了说明（ ）A ．如果没有摩擦，小球将运动到与释放时相同的高度B ．如果没有摩擦，物体运动过程中机械能守恒C ．维持物体做匀速直线运动并不需要力D ．如果物体不受到力，就不会运动6、我国计划在2030年之前制造出可水平起飞、水平着陆并且可以多次重复使用的空天飞机。
2024届上海市浦东新区高三一模地理试卷(含答案)
2024届上海市浦东新区高三一模地理试卷试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
一、赤水河流域是长江上游生态屏障核心区域，也是我国人口、资源、环境矛盾突出的贫困地区之一。
读图文材料，回答下列问题。
赤水河流经云、贵、川三省，中游盛产茅台等多种美酒，下游紫红色砂岩广布。
流域人口约300万，有苗、彝等16个少数民族。
受人类活动影响，生态问题突出。
赤水河中游贵州段计划到2025年拆除162座小水电站。
赤水河流域不同河段的径流量和经济概况表1.影响赤水河多年平均径流量变化的主要因素是（）A.冰雪融水B.降水C.地下水D.长江水2.每年6至9月，赤水河的河水泛红如流动的血脉，主要是因为其正处于__ （1） __ （ 择：A.丰水期 B．枯水期），___ （2） _作用强。
3.据图2，推测赤水河上游可能出现的生态问题，并说明判断理由。
4.赤水河流域贵州段支流上大量小水电站的拆除将有利于（）（多 ）A.缓解流量减少B.保护生物多样性C.保障干流航运D.减轻河水变红5.据表，比较赤水河流域不同河段地区经济发展水平的差异，并分析其原因。
6.为促进中游地区酒产业发展，说明赤水河全流域协调发展可采取的措施。
二、2023年10月19日，国家主席习近平会见来华出席第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的莫桑比克总理马莱阿内，共祝中莫共建“一带一路”合作取得丰硕成果。
阅读图文材料，回答下列问题。
材料一：莫桑比克政局稳定，石油、天然气、钛等能源和矿产资源丰富。
贝拉港是中莫两国发展进出口贸易的重要港口之一，港口航道沙洲浅滩多，巨型船舶需乘潮汐进出港。
材料二：“一带一路”倡议提出以来，中莫双方在石油、天然气、稀土、钛等能源、矿产资源的勘探开发和利用方面深入合作，中国还为莫桑比克气象局援建了一座“风云二号”气象卫星直收站。
2023年，该气象卫星在助力莫桑比克防御热带气旋“弗雷迪”带来的灾害时，发挥了重要作用。
7.莫桑比克位于非洲东南部，地势具有__（1）__的特征，当地发育的典型植被类型主要是_（2）___。
2019年上海市浦东新区中考一模英语试卷带讲解
20.Lucy thought that it was fun for Charlie to take the summer course.
15.T16.F
M: The course was also very good.
W: What about the American teachers?
M: They were nice. They taught us to listen, speak, read and write in English. But it was mostly speaking.
M: Oh, he is very strong and tall. He does exercise every day.
Q: How is the boy’s brother?
8.
A.Love story.B.Action film.C.History story.D.Adventure film.
M: Oh, I lived with the Smiths, an American family. I could speak to them every Saturday morning when I was living in their house.
W: How nice! And how about the summer course?
13.
A.By car.B.By train.C.By underground.D.By ferry.
A
【原文】W: Dad, my friends are going to watch the football game. May I go with them?
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上海市浦东新区2019学年度第一学期教学质检高二地理试卷
一、选择题
1.我国将在2020年发射火星探测器，登录火星进行探测，火星探测器执行任务期间离开的天体系统是（）
A.总星系
B.银河系
C.太阳系
D.地月系
2.如图为北半球中纬度某地，半个月内黎明时出现的月相示意图。
甲处位置的月相是（）
A.初七
B.初一
C.十五
D.二十三
3.我国云贵高原是喀斯特地貌分部最广的地区，该地貌发育区的地表岩石主要属于（）
A.侵入岩
B.喷出岩
C.沉积岩
D.变质岩
4.我国自主研发的水下机器人“潜龙二号”成功实施了在印度洋大洋中脊处的勘探，大洋中脊主要是（）
A.大洋板块向下俯冲形成
B.海底岩浆喷发形成
C.洋底沉积物堆积形成
D.海底地震诱发形成
5.2019年11月，地中海沿岸城市威尼斯遭受53年来最严重的水患，全城80%被淹，此季节该地多雨的主要原因（）
A.暖流流经增温增湿
B.中纬西风带影响
C.副热带高气压带控制
D.赤道低气压带控制
6.2019年第18号台风“米娜”在浙江舟山沿海登陆后，转向韩国南部再次登陆。
当台风中心位于上海多的正东方位时，上海地区的盛行风向为（）
A.东北风
B.东南风
C.西北风
D.西南风
7.2019年10月14日至18日，国际区域气候大会在北京举办，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会就“全球升温1.5℃”做了特别报告，全球升温可能导致的现象有（）
①极端气候事件概率增加②高纬度地区农业产量减少
③北半球的高山雪线上升④中纬度内陆地区降水量增加
A.①②
B.②③
C.③④
D.①③
8.新疆玛纳斯河发源于天山北麓，北流注入玛纳斯湖，为流域内人们的生产生活提供了宝贵的水源，该河流的主要补给形成是（）
A.冰雪融水补给
B.雨水补给
C.地下水补给
D.湖泊水补给
9.下图为某区域洋流模式示意图，图中洋流流向及对沿岸地区气候的影响是（）
A.甲向南流，增温增湿
B.乙向南流，降温减湿
C.甲向北流，降温减湿
D.乙向北流，增温增湿
10.有科学研究显示，2020年厄尔尼诺极有可能再次出现。
厄尔尼诺发生时，热带太平洋东岸国家可能会遭遇（）
A.气温下降
B.渔业减产
C.引发干旱
D.台风增多
11.科学合理的人口年龄结构有利于经济发展。
下图为甲、乙两地人口金字塔图，与乙地相比，甲地（）
A.人口总量更大
B.人口增长更快
C.少年儿童更多
D.劳动力更短缺
12.下表为某城市中心城区、近郊区和远郊区人口变化
情况统计。
由表可知，今年来，该城市（）
A.中心城区环境质量下降
B.近郊地区人口增长最快
C.远郊交通条件得到改善
D.中心城区人口容量减少
13.叙利亚是世界古老文明的发源地之一，幼发拉底河贯穿东部。
该国出口国际市场上多的优质农产品这主要有小麦、大麦、棉花、葡萄、油橄榄、无花果等，该国所属的农业地域类型主要是（）
A.地中海型农业
B.水田农业
C.商品化混合农业
D.热带种植园农业
14.我国四大工业区中，以发展医药、电子、航天等技术密集型工业为主导、综合性最强的工业区是（）
A.辽中南工业区
B.京津唐工业区
C.长三角工业区
D.珠三角工业区
15.大型购物商场里多的电影院多布局在顶楼。
电影院如此选址多的主要原因是顶楼（）
A.租金相对低
B.人流量大
C.环境优美
D.商业集聚好
16.精准农业是以信息技术为支撑，根据空间差异，定位、定时、定量地实施一整套现代化农事操作与管理
的系统。
精准农业降低了农业生产（）
A.对农作物品种的依赖
B.对消费市场的依赖
C.对交通运输的依赖
D.对自然条件的依赖
17.从1959年第一枚液体探空火箭发射到2019年临港卫星研制基地启用，上海航天产业再添“一翼”。
影响中科院卫星研制基地落户上海的主导区位因素是（）
A.环境
B.技术
C.交通
D.地价
18.目前，英国脱欧形势依旧难料。
英国与欧盟大多数国家都属于西欧文化圈，该文化圈的特征之一是（）
A.乳畜生产
B.稻米生产
C.儒家思想
D.原始图腾崇拜
19.森林火险中，能用以勘探估测森林着火面积，并协助相关部门预估所需救火人员和灭火装备数量的的地理信息技术分别是（）
A.遥感技术、地理信息系统
B.遥感技术、北斗卫星导航系统
C.北斗卫星导航系统、地理信息系统
D.雷达系统、北斗卫星导航系统
20.下图为某日光照图（阴影部分表示夜半球），关于图中四地表述正确的
是（）
A.甲地线速度最大
B.乙地角速度最大
C.丙地白昼的时间最长
D.丁地正午太阳高度最长
二、综合题
（一）尼迫尔位于喜马拉雅山南麓，是一个内陆国，该国东西狭长，地势北高南低，南北自然景观差异明显。
尼泊尔还是攀登珠穆朗玛峰的最佳地点之一，每年都会有来自世界各地的登山爱好者从这里问鼎珠峰。
读图文材料，回答问题。
（20分）
加德满都市气候统计资料
21.据表归纳尼泊尔首都加德满都的气温特征。
（4分）
22.尼泊尔自南向北自然地理景观的分布差异，主要体现了何种地域分异规律？说明该地分异规律的成因。
（4分）
23.从尼泊尔登珠峰过程中，登山员可能遇到高寒、缺氧、雪崩、暴风雪等困难，根据材料，推测从尼泊尔登珠峰的最佳季节，并说明理由。
（6分）
24.比较尼泊尔南、北部通商口岸的分布差异，并分析其自然原因。
（6分）
（二）南非是非洲经济最发达的国家之一，也是非洲最主要的能源消费国，中国与南非的能源合作前景广阔。
读图文材料，回答问题。
（20分）
25.概括南非2016年能源消费结构特点（4分）
26.南非正积极加快再生能源建设。
简述发展可再生能源可能给该国带来的积极影响。
（4分）
27.试列举两种南非丰富的可再生新能源，并从地理位置和的地形角度，分析其中一种新能源丰富的自然原因。
（6分）
28.简析中国和南非在可再生能源建设方面开展合作的可行性。
（6分）
（三）四川省宜宾市徐州区是我国最适合油樟种植的地区之一，2017年“宜宾油樟”获得中国地理标志认证。
读图文材料，回答问题。
（20分）
油樟树，喜暖喜湿，耐寒性差，树叶可提取樟油，樟油在化工、医化妆品等产业中用途较大。
徐州区经济曾以单一出售樟油为主，生产设备落后，出油率低，是国家脱贫攻坚地区之一。
而今，该地已开发成为全国最大的油樟种植和加工基地，有“世界樟海”的美誉，油樟种植不仅带动劳动就业率大幅度提升，使当地人民脱贫致富，而且具有净化空气、吸烟滞尘、涵养水源和美化环境等生态效益，践行了“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念。
29.从气候和地形角度，分析叙州区油樟树的有利区位条件。
（6分）
30.简析徐州区进一步做强、做大油樟产业可采取的措施。
（6分）
31.从资源开发与可持续发展角度，概述徐州区脱贫致富的启示。
（8分）
上海市浦东新区2019学年度第一学期教学质检高二地理试卷答案
一、选择题
二、综合分析题
（一）
21.夏季温度高，冬季温度低；全年在0摄氏度以上；年温差较小；冬季温差大，夏季温差小。
22.垂直地带性分异规律；水分和热量
23.春季降水少，不易形成暴风雪，温度回升，气温条件相对较好；风力较小
24.南多北少；南部沿公路分布，北部主要沿河流分布；
南部山麓地区气候条件好，北部地势起伏较大，河谷地带地势较低适宜边境贸易。
（二）
25.以煤炭、石油、天然气等化石能源为主；可再生能源比重较低；能源结构单一
26.促进其能源消费结构的转变；相对清洁的能源，改善环境；增加就业机会；促进经济的可持续发展。
27.太阳能、风能；位于非洲的南部、纬度较低，晴天多、南非高原、海拔较高，大气相对较稀薄，年太阳辐射量大；
28.中国和南非能源消费结构相似，南非在风电太阳能等可再生能源发展方面与中国具有互补性；两个国家的可再生能源资源较为丰富；南非的能源结构中以化石能源为主，结构较为单一，面临转变的压力；中国在新能源技术发展方面已经相当成熟；南非在发展新能源方面具有巨大的市场需求；在“一带一路”框架下两国政府的政策支持，促进共同发展。
（三）
29.气候：位于亚热带季风气候区，夏季炎热多雨，冬季温和少雨，降水丰富，雨热同期，冬季最冷月大于0摄氏度，气候较为温暖（北部秦岭阻挡部分冬季冷空气）
地形：位于四川盆地边缘，地势起伏相对较大，有利于排水
30.优化布局，区域发展，打造油樟优质生产基地；培养油樟种植科技队伍和专业人员；打造品牌，延伸
油樟产业链，改变单一模式，促进产品多元化；发展旅游业
31.充分发挥自然地理优势和当地的资源，发展特色产业；转变产业生产结构，转变落后的生产方式；发展科技，培养科技人才，为产业和经济发展提供技术支持；发展经济产业的同时注重保护环境，经济效益与生态效益并重，促进可持续发展。